Search

Vitiligo is a common autoimmune pigmentary disorder characterized by destruction of functional melanocytes resulting in the appearance of depigmented patches on the skin and mucosa. These lesions pose a cosmetic challenge. The involvement of the mucosa is less, but may be the first symptom of this pathology. Depigmentation in the lips can be more easily observed and patients can be counseled regarding the condition and guided for treatment. Aims: The study describes the various clinic-epidemiological factors associated with lip vitiligo. Materials and Methods: The study sample included 100 patients of lip vitiligo of all age groups and gender. Patients with a history of herpes labialis, and history suggestive of post inflammatory depigmentation of lips secondary to various causes were excluded from this study. Also, patient vitiligo patients without lip involvement were excluded. The frequency, site, extension, association with vitiligo elsewhere, and systemic association were noted and tabulated. Results: Among 100 patients, 57 were males and 43 were females. Majority of our study subjects (63%) had onset of vitiligo between 11 and 30 years and 24% between 31 and 50 years. In the present study, 41 patients had only lip vitiligo, 55 patients had lip and vitiligo in other parts, four had involvement of lip and genital mucosa. Out of 100 patients, 71 complained that the lips were the initial lesion. The most type of vitiligo seen in our study subjects was the isolated lip vitiligo (41) and the least common was universal vitiligo (2). Leukotrichia was seen in three patients. In our study six patients had exclusive upper lip vitiligo and 40 patients had lower lip vitiligo. The remaining patients had both lower lip and upper lip involvement. Angle of the mouth was involved in 31 patients and five had marginal extension onto the skin. Of 100 patients with vitiligo nearly 19% had atleast one co-morbid condition. The most common autoimmune disease was thyroid dysfunction seen in 17% of patients. Conclusion: Though rare, lip vitiligo could be one of the earliest presentations of vitiligo and will aid in counseling the patients regarding the chronicity and thereby reduce the psychological morbidity. The data on lip vitiligo is sparse and to the best of our knowledge, there is no study on the demographic characteristics and clinical patterns of lip vitiligo.

Background: Acne is usually recognized as an adolescent skin disorder, but recently prevalence among adults is increasing. There are not many studies on adult acne in Indian population. Objectives: To study the various clinico-epidemiological factors and assess laboratory investigations for underlying hormonal imbalance in patients with adult acne. Objectives: To study the impact of adult acne on psychological stress and patients quality of life. Materials and Methods: In our prospective observational study, female patients over the age of 25 years presenting with acne in a tertiary care hospital were included. All patients were assessed for hormonal imbalances both clinically and with laboratory investigations. Patients were asked to fill questionnaires to assess stress and impairment in quality of life. Statistical analysis used: Descriptive statistics like percentage ,mean, range were used. Inferential statistics like chi square test was used. The statistical significance was evaluated at 95% confidence level (P

Pigmented spots on the skin are caused by burrowing bugs of family Cydnidae. These are commonly seen in monsoon, and the pigmentation is due to secretion by the insect. Here we report a case of Cydnidae pigmentation with characteristic dermoscopic features. Dermoscopic features included dark brown pigmentation over the dermatoglyphics with enhanced pigmentation around the sweat pores. The pigmentation which is seen commonly over the acral areas may be mistaken for lentigines or melanoma. Identifying the classical features on dermoscopy prevents the patient from undergoing unwanted investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vitiligo is an acquired, idiopathic, and common depigmentation disorder. The values of various epidemiologic parameters are often doubtful due to the methodological weaknesses of the studies., Aims: To elicit the magnitude of various epidemiological parameters and important correlates of vitiligo., Materials and Methods: Every vitiligo patient attending the outpatient department of medical colleges spread over most of the Indian states were examined over a period of 1 year. Various epidemiological and clinical variables were examined and compared with age and sex-matched controls (registered in the Clinical Trial Registry of India CTRI/2017/06/008854)., Results: A total of 4,43,275 patients were assessed in 30 medical colleges from 21 Indian states. Institutional prevalence of vitiligo was 0.89% (0.86% in males and 0.93% in females, P < 0.001). The mean age at presentation and mean age at onset were 30.12 ± 17.97 years and 25.14 ± 7.48 years, respectively. Head-neck was the most common primary site ( n = 1648, 41.6%) and most commonly affected site ( n = 2186, 55.17%). Most cases had nonsegmental vitiligo ( n = 2690, 67.89%). The disease started before 20 years of age in more than 46% of cases. About 77% of all cases had signs of instability during the last 1 year. The family history, consanguinity, hypothyroid disorders, and depressed mood were significantly ( P < 0.001) higher among the cases. First, second, and third-degree family members were affected in 269 (60.04%), 111 (24.78%), and 68 (15.18%) cases, respectively. Work-related exposure to chemicals was significantly higher among cases ( P < 0.008). Obesity was less common among vitiligo cases [ P < 0.001, odds ratio (OR) 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71-0.86]., Conclusion: This is one of the largest studies done on vitiligo in India. The prevalence of vitiligo was found to be 0.89% among hospital attendees. Prevalence of vitiligo was higher among females than in males and prevalence of family history, consanguinity, hypothyroid disorders were higher in vitiligo than among controls., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2020 Indian Journal of Dermatology.)