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Aluminum-doped self-rectifying memristors in vertical arrays enable in-memory computing that can synthesize multi-layered Boolean logic functions in parallel, suppressing the sneak current.

This study evaluated the feasibility and safety of imaging-guided deployment of a Mynx Control device (Cordis, Miami Lakes, Florida) at the femoral access. A total of 201 Mynx devices were used under imaging guidance in 137 patients (mean age, 64.18 years ± 13.8; male, 68.6%) between June 2020 and February 2022. A 5-F sheath was used in 176 (87.6%) procedures, a 6-F sheath was used in 17 (8.5%) procedures, and a 7-F sheath was used in 8 (4%) procedures. Indicator errors occurred in 9 (4.5%) procedures. However, technical success was achieved via manipulation under imaging guidance in all procedures. The mean time to hemostasis was 3.3 minutes ± 0.5, and the clinical success rate was 100%. The mean length of hospital stay was 7 days ± 7.5. After 4 (2%) procedures, small hematomas reabsorbed spontaneously. Imaging-guided deployment of a Mynx Control device is a feasible and safe option for access site closure. Even after an indicator error, successful hemostasis was achieved via real-time interaction.

Cellulose accounts for the largest proportion of lignocellulosic biomass. Herein, experimental and simulation studies are used to deeply understand the kinetic characteristics of the thermal decomposition of α-cellulose. The simulated data is in good agreement with the experimental data in the aspects of the conversion and the conversion rate versus temperature. The decomposition of α-cellulose, mainly occurring at 270–420 °C, induced an apparent activation energy ranging from 175.42 kJ/mol to 197.73 kJ/mol at a conversion of 10–90%. With 0.1–0.2 wt% K or Ca impregnation into the α-cellulose, the mean activation energy for pyrolysis was lowered (from 181.47 kJ/mol (for α-cellulose) to 141.11 kJ/mol (for 0.2 wt% K/α-cellulose) and 159.46 kJ/mol (for 0.1 wt% Ca/α-cellulose)) and higher amounts of liquid and gas products were produced. Furthermore, the addition of potassium and calcium increased the production of lower molecular weight components, such as furfural and its derivatives. The kinetic parameters of the α-cellulose pyrolysis were determined based on a nonlinear least-squares regression of the experimental data assuming first-order kinetics and correlated with the simulated result. The kinetic rate constants indicate that the predominant reaction pathway is from α-cellulose into a liquid product, rather than from α-cellulose into a gas product.

Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) often fail to complete full-course chemotherapy with a standard dose due to various reasons. This study aimed to determine whether body composition affects chemotherapy adherence in patients with CRC. The medical records of 107 patients with stage III CRC who underwent adjuvant folinic acid, fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) chemotherapy at a single center between 2014 and 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Blood test results for selected immunonutritional markers were analyzed and body composition was measured through computed tomography. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on low and high relative dose intensity (RDI) groups, based on an RDI of 0.85. In the univariate analysis, a higher skeletal muscle index was correlated with a higher RDI (p = 0.020). Psoas muscle index was also higher in patients with high RDI than in those with low RDI (p = 0.026). Fat indices were independent of RDI. Multivariate analysis was performed for the aforementioned factors and results showed that age (p = 0.028), white blood cell count (p = 0.024), and skeletal muscle index (p = 0.025) affected RDI. In patients with stage III CRC treated with adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy, a decrease in RDI was related to age, white blood cell count, and skeletal muscle index. Therefore, if we adjust the drug dosage in consideration of these factors, we can expect an increased treatment efficiency in patients by increasing chemotherapy compliance.

Introduction The authors conducted this preliminary study to discover the brain signal features for subjective depressive mood by the method that combines a machine learning approach and a graph theory analysis. Methods The authors retrospectively investigated the records of 13 subjects who had undertaken polysomnography (PSG) and patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). We divided the data to a training set (10 subjects) and a test set (2 subjects). The predictive modeling was conducted by 3 steps: 1) estimation of the small world coefficient (sigma, omega) of each frequency bands (delta: 0.5-4.0 Hz, theta: 4.0-8.0 Hz, alpha: 8.0-12.0 Hz, sigma: 12.0-16.0 Hz, beta: 16.0-30.0 Hz, gamma: 30.0-100.0 Hz) of electroencephalography (EEG) channel for N1 and N2 sleep, 2) training predictive models, and 3) evaluation of final performance of model by using test set. The authors used mean absolute error (MAE) and mean squared error (MSE) as evaluation metrics. The training was conducted using Python 3.8, and its libraries (MNE-Python, MNE-connectivity, NetworkX, xgboost scikit-learn). Results Median value of PHQ-9 score was 6.0 (interquartile range: 5, 8). Lasso regression model showed good performance (MAE 0.6, MSE 0.4). XGBoost model also showed good performance (MAE 0.8, MSE 1.3). Conclusion Lasso regression model using small world coefficient of EEG in overnight PSG showed good predictive value for PHQ-9. The further research using a sufficient sample is needed. Support (if any)

To investigate added value of late portal venous phase (LPVP) for identification of enhancing capsule (EC) on gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI (GD-MRI) for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD).This retrospective study comprised 116 high-risk patients with 128 pathologically proven HCCs who underwent GD-MRI including arterial phase, conventional portal venous phase (CPVP, 60 s), LPVP (mean, 104.4 ± 6.7 s; range, 90-119 s), and transitional phase (TP, 3 min). Two independent radiologists assessed the presence of major HCC features, including EC on CPVP and/or TP (CPVP/TP) and EC on LPVP. The frequency of EC was compared on GD-MRI between with and without inclusion of LPVP. The radiologists assigned Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) v2018 categories before and after identifying EC on LPVP.Of the total 128 HCCs, 74 and 73 revealed EC on CPVP/TP for reviewer 1 and 2, respectively. After inclusion of LPVP, each reviewer identified seven more EC [Reviewer 1, 57.8% (74/128) vs. 63.3% (81/128); Reviewer 2, 57.0% (73/128) vs. 62.5% (80/128); P = 0.016, respectively]. Sensitivities of LR-5 assignment for diagnosing HCCs were not significantly different in GD-MRI with or without LPVP for EC identification [Reviewer 1, 71.9% (92/128) vs. 72.7% (93/128); Reviewer 2, 75.0% (96/128) vs. 75.8% (97/128); P = 1.000, respectively].Including the LPVP in GD-MRI may improve identification of EC of HCC in patients with CLD. However, LI-RADS v2018 using GD-MRI showed comparable sensitivity for diagnosing HCC regardless of applying LPVP for EC.

In this study, Ni/γ-Al2O3 and Fe/activated carbon (AC) catalysts were prepared by an incipient impregnation method and then utilized for hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of guaiacol (GUA). The AC used in the process was derived from bamboo through steam activation. The effects of the calcination temperature, metal loading, and phosphorus addition on the HDO of GUA were systematically investigated. At 300 °C and atmospheric pressure, 91.52% of GUA was successfully transformed into cresol and 1,2-dimethoxybenzene in liquid phase using 10 wt% of the Fe/AC catalyst, which was calcined at 550 °C. Under the same reaction conditions, utilizing 10 wt% of the Ni/ γ -Al2O3 catalyst, which was calcined at 450 °C, resulted in 96.88% GUA conversion, producing 13.03% of cresol, 58.98% of 1,2-dimethoxybenzene, and 27.99% of 3-methyl guaiacol. Additionally, the reaction pathways of the GUA HDO were proposed based on the obtained product distributions.

The kinetic parameters for the pyrolysis of biomass of the pitch pine (Rigida pine P. Mill) were examined by thermogravimetric analysis in the temperature range 25 °C to 700 °C, in which the main decomposition was occurred from 250 °C to 400 °C. Pyrolysis of pitch pine has been investigated in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. In this system, silica sand and nitrogen were used as the fluidizing bed material and fluidizing medium, respectively. The experimental was systemically performed on different temperature, fluidized velocity, and particle size of biomass. The optimum temperature condition at which the bio-oil yields reached the highest value (65.5%) was 500 °C. In addition, the higher heating values of bio-oils from pitch pine biomass were reached in the range 22 MJ/kg to 24 MJ/kg. Moreover, this bio-oil had high content of useful chemicals including such as levoglucosan, furfural, and guaiacol. The large amount of C5–C11 (gasoline fraction) produced make the pyrolyzed oil originating from pitch pine trees a promising biofuel candidate.

BACKGROUND It would be mandatory for plastic surgeons to consider anthropometric and anatomical differences between Asians and Caucasians in performing facial rejuvenation procedures using absorbable threadlifts in Asians. METHODS A consensus meeting was convened to discuss indications, treatment procedures, possible combination treatments, clinical outcomes, and safety of an absorbable polydioxanone (PDO) monofilament threadlift (Mint Lift® ; HansBiomed Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea), for which the "Mint Aesthetics Expert Group" was organized with four Korean board-certified specialists in plastic and reconstructive surgery. RESULTS Our recommendations are as follows: First, the entry and exit points should be determined considering anatomical characteristics of the face (Level of evidence III). Second, treatment procedures may vary depending on indications (Level of evidence III). Third, short-term efficacy and safety of facial rejuvenation using the Mint Lift® have been well documented (Level of evidence I and III). Third, facial rejuvenation using the Mint Lift® may be combined with a liposuction (Level of evidence III). CONCLUSIONS Here, we propose expert consensus on facial rejuvenation using a novel absorbable PDO monofilament threadlift in Koreans. Of note, this is the only expert consensus prepared by board-certified specialists in plastic surgery in Korea. But more evidence-based efforts should be made to update and to expand the current recommendations.

We conducted this study to assess the short-term treatment outcomes and safety of facial rejuvenation with the YVOIRE volume plus (LG Chem Ltd., Seoul) in Asian women. In this multicenter, retrospective study, we evaluated a total of 291 women (n = 291) who received a facial rejuvenation with the YVOIRE volume plus. We monitored time-dependent changes in the mean Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) scores at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. In addition, we estimated the duration of efficacy based on the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Furthermore, we analyzed incidences of postoperative complications. Our clinical series of the patients achieved mean GAIS scores of 3.44 ± 0.69 points. There were no significant time-dependent changes in the mean GAIS scores ( P > .05). Moreover, the duration of efficacy was estimated at 242.71 ± 17.85 days (95% confidence interval: 228.59-263.44). A total of 37 cases (12.7%) of postoperative complications occurred, all of them were of mild severity. In conclusion, our surgical technique, combined with YVOIRE volume plus, is of significance in that it attempted to address both dynamic and static aspects of the facial rejuvenation. But this deserves further studies using 3-dimensional imaging modalities.

The pyrolysis characteristic of furniture processing residue (FPR), which was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) under nitrogen atmosphere, mainly decomposed between 230 °C and 500 °C. The FPR was submitted to fast pyrolysis in a bubbling fluidized-bed reactor (BFR) for converting into bio-oil, bio-char. The product distribution and characteristics of bio-oil depend on the operating conditions (temperature, fluidizing flow rate, particle size of sample). The bio-oil yield showed the highest value (50.68 wt%) at the pyrolysis temperature of 450 °C with a biomass particle size of 1.0 mm and a fluidization velocity of 2.0×Umf. The bio-oil had high selectivity for dioctyl phthalate, levoglucosan, and phenolic derivatives. The carbon number proportions in bio-oils of FPR were 32.74 wt% for C5–C11 fraction, 47.60 wt% for C12–C18 fraction and 19.38 wt% of C25–C38 fraction, respectively. The gas product included CO, CO2, H2, and hydrocarbons (C1–C4), and the selectivity of CO2 was the highest. The high heating value (HHV) of gas products was between 4.60 and 12.90 MJ/m3. The bio-char shows high HHV (23.87 MJ/kg) and high C content (62.47 wt%) that can be applied as a solid fuel.

In this study, spherical γ-Al2O3-SiO2 catalysts with various Al/Si ratios were prepared by combining the sol-gel and spray pyrolysis (SP) methods. The effectiveness of the product catalysts was then tested via the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of guaiacol, a model compound of bio-oil obtained from the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Our results showed that the γ-Al2O3-SiO2 catalyst with a 50:50 Al/Si ratio after calcination at 450 °C exhibited the highest guaiacol conversion (81.79%) at a reaction temperature of 300 °C, atmospheric pressure, and a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 6.5 h−1. During guaiacol HDO, the carbon–oxygen cleavage and methyl group transfer reactions occurred on the γ-Al2O3-SiO2 catalyst, which converted the guaiacol into the respective deoxygenated products, including 2,6-xylenol, 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl phenol, pentamethyl benzene, and hexamethyl benzene. The reaction pathways for the conversion of guaiacol HDO were also proposed in this study.

Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition that usually occurs after trauma. Early recognition and prompt management are essential for preventing catastrophic consequences, such as hemoperitoneum. We report a rare case of liver abscess caused by Klebsiella oxytoca resulting in hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm without iatrogenic injury. The unique feature of the present case is that the abscess cavity itself became a pseudoaneurysm as a result of fistula formation with the hepatic artery. Vascular complications should be considered in patients with unfavorable clinical course even in the absence of iatrogenic injury. Endovascular treatment is safe and effective.

To investigate the added value of considering hypointensity on late portal venous phase (LPVP) images as washout for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI (Gd-EOB-MRI) in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). This retrospective study comprised 97 patients at high risk for HCC who underwent Gd-EOB-MRI including unenhanced, multi-arterial phase, conventional portal venous phase (CPVP, 60 s), and LPVP (mean, 99.9 ± 9.1 s; range, 90–119 s) images. A total of 115 hepatic lesions were identified by histopathological or clinical diagnosis. Three independent radiologists assessed the MRI images by consensus. Diagnosis of HCC was made using criteria of arterial hyperenhancement and hypointensity relative to the surrounding liver parenchyma (1) on CPVP or (2) on CPVP and/or LPVP images. The generalized estimating equation was used to compare diagnostic performance for HCC between Criterion 1 and 2. In 82 HCCs, the frequency of hypointensity differed significantly between the CPVP and LPVP images (64.6% [53/82] vs. 84.1% [69/82], P

Bamboo has been considered a potential feedstock of energy for the future. It can be subjected to the pyrolysis for biofuels production. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) combined with differential thermogravimetric analysis (DTG) for bamboo was carried out prior to pyrolysis. The thermal degradation of bamboo was mainly between 230 and 420 °C. The conventional pyrolysis of bamboo was investigated in a bubbling fluidized-bed reactor using silica sand. The product distribution and composition of pyrolysis bio-oil were dependent on biomass component and operating conditions such as pyrolysis temperature, fluidization velocity, and particle size of biomass. The fractional catalytic pyrolysis of bamboo was also studied to upgrade the pyrolysis vapor, using HZSM-5 and red mud. The highest yield of bio-oil was 54.03 wt% compared to 49.14 wt% and 50.34 wt% of HZSM-5 and red mud catalyst, respectively. In the red mud catalytic pyrolysis, the oxygen content was rejected from pyrolysis vapor mostly via decarboxylation to produce more CO2 than CO; in contrast, for the HZSM-5 catalytic pyrolysis, the production of CO through decarbonylation was more favored than CO2. The main composition of catalytic pyrolysis bio-oil was 4-vinylphenol, which was employed as a raw material source to synthesize valuable material for energy storage.

Vertically integrated NAND (V-NAND) flash memory is the main data storage in modern handheld electronic devices, widening its share even in the data centers where installation and operation costs are critical. While the conventional scaling rule has been applied down to the design rule of ≈15 nm (year 2013), the current method of increasing device density is stacking up layers. Currently, 176-layer-stacked V-NAND flash memory is available on the market. Nonetheless, increasing the layers invokes several challenges, such as film stress management and deep contact hole etching. Also, there should be an upper bound for the attainable stacking layers (400-500) due to the total allowable chip thickness, which will be reached within 6-7 years. This review summarizes the current status and critical challenges of charge-trap-based flash memory devices, with a focus on the material (floating-gate vs charge-trap-layer), array-level circuit architecture (NOR vs NAND), physical integration structure (2D vs 3D), and cell-level programming technique (single vs multiple levels). Current efforts to improve fabrication processes and device performances using new materials are also introduced. The review suggests directions for future storage devices based on the ionic mechanism, which may overcome the inherent problems of flash memory devices.