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155 results on '"Schneider AL"'

1. Diagnostic utility of DNA methylation analysis in genetically unsolved pediatric epilepsies and CHD2 episignature refinement

Author: LaFlamme, CW, Rastin, C, Sengupta, S, Pennington, HE, Russ-Hall, SJ, Schneider, AL, Bonkowski, ES, Almanza Fuerte, EP, Allan, TJ, Zalusky, MP-G, Goffena, J, Gibson, SB, Nyaga, DM, Lieffering, N, Hebbar, M, Walker, EV, Darnell, D, Olsen, SR, Kolekar, P, Djekidel, MN, Rosikiewicz, W, McConkey, H, Kerkhof, J, Levy, MA, Relator, R, Lev, D, Lerman-Sagie, T, Park, KL, Alders, M, Cappuccio, G, Chatron, N, Demain, L, Genevieve, D, Lesca, G, Roscioli, T, Sanlaville, D, Tedder, ML, Gupta, S, Jones, EA, Weisz-Hubshman, M, Ketkar, S, Dai, H, Worley, KC, Rosenfeld, JA, Chao, H-T, Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Neale, G, Carvill, GL, University of Washington Center for Rare Disease Research, Wang, Z, Berkovic, SF, Sadleir, LG, Miller, DE, Scheffer, IE, Sadikovic, B, Mefford, HC, LaFlamme, CW, Rastin, C, Sengupta, S, Pennington, HE, Russ-Hall, SJ, Schneider, AL, Bonkowski, ES, Almanza Fuerte, EP, Allan, TJ, Zalusky, MP-G, Goffena, J, Gibson, SB, Nyaga, DM, Lieffering, N, Hebbar, M, Walker, EV, Darnell, D, Olsen, SR, Kolekar, P, Djekidel, MN, Rosikiewicz, W, McConkey, H, Kerkhof, J, Levy, MA, Relator, R, Lev, D, Lerman-Sagie, T, Park, KL, Alders, M, Cappuccio, G, Chatron, N, Demain, L, Genevieve, D, Lesca, G, Roscioli, T, Sanlaville, D, Tedder, ML, Gupta, S, Jones, EA, Weisz-Hubshman, M, Ketkar, S, Dai, H, Worley, KC, Rosenfeld, JA, Chao, H-T, Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Neale, G, Carvill, GL, University of Washington Center for Rare Disease Research, Wang, Z, Berkovic, SF, Sadleir, LG, Miller, DE, Scheffer, IE, Sadikovic, B, and Mefford, HC
Abstract: Sequence-based genetic testing identifies causative variants in ~ 50% of individuals with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs). Aberrant changes in DNA methylation are implicated in various neurodevelopmental disorders but remain unstudied in DEEs. We interrogate the diagnostic utility of genome-wide DNA methylation array analysis on peripheral blood samples from 582 individuals with genetically unsolved DEEs. We identify rare differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and explanatory episignatures to uncover causative and candidate genetic etiologies in 12 individuals. Using long-read sequencing, we identify DNA variants underlying rare DMRs, including one balanced translocation, three CG-rich repeat expansions, and four copy number variants. We also identify pathogenic variants associated with episignatures. Finally, we refine the CHD2 episignature using an 850 K methylation array and bisulfite sequencing to investigate potential insights into CHD2 pathophysiology. Our study demonstrates the diagnostic yield of genome-wide DNA methylation analysis to identify causal and candidate variants as 2% (12/582) for unsolved DEE cases.
Published: 2024

2. Diagnostic Utility of Genome-wide DNA Methylation Analysis in Genetically Unsolved Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies and Refinement of a CHD2 Episignature.

Author: LaFlamme, CW, Rastin, C, Sengupta, S, Pennington, HE, Russ-Hall, SJ, Schneider, AL, Bonkowski, ES, Almanza Fuerte, EP, Galey, M, Goffena, J, Gibson, SB, Allan, TJ, Nyaga, DM, Lieffering, N, Hebbar, M, Walker, EV, Darnell, D, Olsen, SR, Kolekar, P, Djekidel, N, Rosikiewicz, W, McConkey, H, Kerkhof, J, Levy, MA, Relator, R, Lev, D, Lerman-Sagie, T, Park, KL, Alders, M, Cappuccio, G, Chatron, N, Demain, L, Genevieve, D, Lesca, G, Roscioli, T, Sanlaville, D, Tedder, ML, Hubshman, MW, Ketkar, S, Dai, H, Worley, KC, Rosenfeld, JA, Chao, H-T, Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Neale, G, Carvill, GL, University of Washington Center for Rare Disease Research, Wang, Z, Berkovic, SF, Sadleir, LG, Miller, DE, Scheffer, IE, Sadikovic, B, Mefford, HC, LaFlamme, CW, Rastin, C, Sengupta, S, Pennington, HE, Russ-Hall, SJ, Schneider, AL, Bonkowski, ES, Almanza Fuerte, EP, Galey, M, Goffena, J, Gibson, SB, Allan, TJ, Nyaga, DM, Lieffering, N, Hebbar, M, Walker, EV, Darnell, D, Olsen, SR, Kolekar, P, Djekidel, N, Rosikiewicz, W, McConkey, H, Kerkhof, J, Levy, MA, Relator, R, Lev, D, Lerman-Sagie, T, Park, KL, Alders, M, Cappuccio, G, Chatron, N, Demain, L, Genevieve, D, Lesca, G, Roscioli, T, Sanlaville, D, Tedder, ML, Hubshman, MW, Ketkar, S, Dai, H, Worley, KC, Rosenfeld, JA, Chao, H-T, Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Neale, G, Carvill, GL, University of Washington Center for Rare Disease Research, Wang, Z, Berkovic, SF, Sadleir, LG, Miller, DE, Scheffer, IE, Sadikovic, B, and Mefford, HC
Abstract: Sequence-based genetic testing currently identifies causative genetic variants in ∼50% of individuals with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs). Aberrant changes in DNA methylation are implicated in various neurodevelopmental disorders but remain unstudied in DEEs. Rare epigenetic variations ("epivariants") can drive disease by modulating gene expression at single loci, whereas genome-wide DNA methylation changes can result in distinct "episignature" biomarkers for monogenic disorders in a growing number of rare diseases. Here, we interrogate the diagnostic utility of genome-wide DNA methylation array analysis on peripheral blood samples from 516 individuals with genetically unsolved DEEs who had previously undergone extensive genetic testing. We identified rare differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and explanatory episignatures to discover causative and candidate genetic etiologies in 10 individuals. We then used long-read sequencing to identify DNA variants underlying rare DMRs, including one balanced translocation, three CG-rich repeat expansions, and two copy number variants. We also identify pathogenic sequence variants associated with episignatures; some had been missed by previous exome sequencing. Although most DEE genes lack known episignatures, the increase in diagnostic yield for DNA methylation analysis in DEEs is comparable to the added yield of genome sequencing. Finally, we refine an episignature for CHD2 using an 850K methylation array which was further refined at higher CpG resolution using bisulfite sequencing to investigate potential insights into CHD2 pathophysiology. Our study demonstrates the diagnostic yield of genome-wide DNA methylation analysis to identify causal and candidate genetic causes as ∼2% (10/516) for unsolved DEE cases.
Published: 2023

3. Germline variants in tumor suppressor FBXW7 lead to impaired ubiquitination and a neurodevelopmental syndrome

Author: Stephenson, SEM, Costain, G, Blok, LER, Silk, MA, Nguyen, TB, Dong, X, Alhuzaimi, DE, Dowling, JJ, Walker, S, Amburgey, K, Hayeems, RZ, Rodan, LH, Schwartz, MA, Picker, J, Lynch, SA, Gupta, A, Rasmussen, KJ, Schimmenti, LA, Klee, EW, Niu, Z, Agre, KE, Chilton, I, Chung, WK, Revah-Politi, A, Au, PYB, Griffith, C, Racobaldo, M, Raas-Rothschild, A, Ben Zeev, B, Barel, O, Moutton, S, Morice-Picard, F, Carmignac, V, Cornaton, J, Marle, N, Devinsky, O, Stimach, C, Wechsler, SB, Hainline, BE, Sapp, K, Willems, M, Bruel, A, Dias, K-R, Evans, C-A, Roscioli, T, Sachdev, R, Temple, SEL, Zhu, Y, Baker, JJ, Scheffer, IE, Gardiner, FJ, Schneider, AL, Muir, AM, Mefford, HC, Crunk, A, Heise, EM, Millan, F, Monaghan, KG, Person, R, Rhodes, L, Richards, S, Wentzensen, IM, Cogne, B, Isidor, B, Nizon, M, Vincent, M, Besnard, T, Piton, A, Marcelis, C, Kato, K, Koyama, N, Ogi, T, Goh, ES-Y, Richmond, C, Amor, DJ, Boyce, JO, Morgan, AT, Hildebrand, MS, Kaspi, A, Bahlo, M, Fridriksdottir, R, Katrinardottir, H, Sulem, P, Stefansson, K, Bjornsson, HT, Mandelstam, S, Morleo, M, Mariani, M, Scala, M, Accogli, A, Torella, A, Capra, V, Wallis, M, Jansen, S, Waisfisz, Q, de Haan, H, Sadedin, S, Lim, SC, White, SM, Ascher, DB, Schenck, A, Lockhart, PJ, Christodoulou, J, Tan, TY, Stephenson, SEM, Costain, G, Blok, LER, Silk, MA, Nguyen, TB, Dong, X, Alhuzaimi, DE, Dowling, JJ, Walker, S, Amburgey, K, Hayeems, RZ, Rodan, LH, Schwartz, MA, Picker, J, Lynch, SA, Gupta, A, Rasmussen, KJ, Schimmenti, LA, Klee, EW, Niu, Z, Agre, KE, Chilton, I, Chung, WK, Revah-Politi, A, Au, PYB, Griffith, C, Racobaldo, M, Raas-Rothschild, A, Ben Zeev, B, Barel, O, Moutton, S, Morice-Picard, F, Carmignac, V, Cornaton, J, Marle, N, Devinsky, O, Stimach, C, Wechsler, SB, Hainline, BE, Sapp, K, Willems, M, Bruel, A, Dias, K-R, Evans, C-A, Roscioli, T, Sachdev, R, Temple, SEL, Zhu, Y, Baker, JJ, Scheffer, IE, Gardiner, FJ, Schneider, AL, Muir, AM, Mefford, HC, Crunk, A, Heise, EM, Millan, F, Monaghan, KG, Person, R, Rhodes, L, Richards, S, Wentzensen, IM, Cogne, B, Isidor, B, Nizon, M, Vincent, M, Besnard, T, Piton, A, Marcelis, C, Kato, K, Koyama, N, Ogi, T, Goh, ES-Y, Richmond, C, Amor, DJ, Boyce, JO, Morgan, AT, Hildebrand, MS, Kaspi, A, Bahlo, M, Fridriksdottir, R, Katrinardottir, H, Sulem, P, Stefansson, K, Bjornsson, HT, Mandelstam, S, Morleo, M, Mariani, M, Scala, M, Accogli, A, Torella, A, Capra, V, Wallis, M, Jansen, S, Waisfisz, Q, de Haan, H, Sadedin, S, Lim, SC, White, SM, Ascher, DB, Schenck, A, Lockhart, PJ, Christodoulou, J, and Tan, TY
Abstract: Neurodevelopmental disorders are highly heterogenous conditions resulting from abnormalities of brain architecture and/or function. FBXW7 (F-box and WD-repeat-domain-containing 7), a recognized developmental regulator and tumor suppressor, has been shown to regulate cell-cycle progression and cell growth and survival by targeting substrates including CYCLIN E1/2 and NOTCH for degradation via the ubiquitin proteasome system. We used a genotype-first approach and global data-sharing platforms to identify 35 individuals harboring de novo and inherited FBXW7 germline monoallelic chromosomal deletions and nonsense, frameshift, splice-site, and missense variants associated with a neurodevelopmental syndrome. The FBXW7 neurodevelopmental syndrome is distinguished by global developmental delay, borderline to severe intellectual disability, hypotonia, and gastrointestinal issues. Brain imaging detailed variable underlying structural abnormalities affecting the cerebellum, corpus collosum, and white matter. A crystal-structure model of FBXW7 predicted that missense variants were clustered at the substrate-binding surface of the WD40 domain and that these might reduce FBXW7 substrate binding affinity. Expression of recombinant FBXW7 missense variants in cultured cells demonstrated impaired CYCLIN E1 and CYCLIN E2 turnover. Pan-neuronal knockdown of the Drosophila ortholog, archipelago, impaired learning and neuronal function. Collectively, the data presented herein provide compelling evidence of an F-Box protein-related, phenotypically variable neurodevelopmental disorder associated with monoallelic variants in FBXW7.
Published: 2022

4. Pour toujours, mardi

Author: Giroux, Dalie, Chouinard-Poirier, Sarah, schneider, al, Robert, Jocelyn, Wren, Jacob, Letourneau, André Eric, Giroux, Dalie, Chouinard-Poirier, Sarah, schneider, al, Robert, Jocelyn, Wren, Jacob, and Letourneau, André Eric
Published: 2022

5. Sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide deficiency

Author: Schneider, AL, primary, Köhler, H., additional, Röthlisberger, B., additional, Grobholz, R., additional, and McLin, V.A., additional
Published: 2022
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6. Defining Dravet syndrome: An essential pre-requisite for precision medicine trials

Author: Li, W, Schneider, AL, Scheffer, IE, Li, W, Schneider, AL, and Scheffer, IE
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The classical description of Dravet syndrome, the prototypic developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, is of a normal 6-month-old infant presenting with a prolonged, febrile, hemiclonic seizure and showing developmental slowing after age 1 year. SCN1A pathogenic variants are found in >80% of patients. Many patients have atypical features resulting in diagnostic delay and inappropriate therapy. We aimed to provide an evidence-based definition of SCN1A-Dravet syndrome in readiness for precision medicine trials. METHODS: Epilepsy patients were recruited to the University of Melbourne Epilepsy Genetics Research Program between 1995 and 2020 by neurologists from around the world. Patients with SCN1A pathogenic variants were reviewed and only those with Dravet syndrome were included. Clinical data, including seizure and developmental course, were analyzed in all patients with SCN1A-Dravet syndrome. RESULTS: Two hundred and five patients were studied at a median age of 8.5 years (range 10 months to 60 years); 25 were deceased. The median seizure-onset age was 5.7 months (range 1.5-20.6 months). Initial seizures were tonic-clonic (52%) and hemiclonic (35%), with only 55% being associated with fever. Only 34% of patients presented with status epilepticus (seizure lasting ≥30 minutes). Median time between first and second seizure was 30 days (range 4 hours to 8 months), and seven patients (5%) had at least 6 months between initial seizures. Median ages at onset of second and third seizure types were 9.1 months (range 3 months-25.4 years) and 15.5 months (range 4 months-8.2 years), respectively. Developmental slowing occurred prior to 12 months in 27%. SIGNIFICANCE: An evidence-based definition of SCN1A-Dravet syndrome is essential for early diagnosis. We refine the spectrum of Dravet syndrome, based on patterns of seizure onset, type, and progression. Understanding of the full spectrum of SCN1A-Dravet syndrome presentation is essential for early diagnosis and opt
Published: 2021

7. FBXO28 causes developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with profound intellectual disability

Author: Schneider, AL, Myers, CT, Muir, AM, Calvert, S, Basinger, A, Perry, MS, Rodan, L, Helbig, KL, Chambers, C, Gorman, KM, King, MD, Donkervoort, S, Soldatos, A, Bonnemann, CG, Spataro, N, Gabau, E, Arellano, M, Cappuccio, G, Brunetti-Pierri, N, Rossignol, E, Hamdan, FF, Michaud, JL, Balak, C, Mefford, HC, Scheffer, IE, Schneider, AL, Myers, CT, Muir, AM, Calvert, S, Basinger, A, Perry, MS, Rodan, L, Helbig, KL, Chambers, C, Gorman, KM, King, MD, Donkervoort, S, Soldatos, A, Bonnemann, CG, Spataro, N, Gabau, E, Arellano, M, Cappuccio, G, Brunetti-Pierri, N, Rossignol, E, Hamdan, FF, Michaud, JL, Balak, C, Mefford, HC, and Scheffer, IE
Abstract: Chromosome 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome is a rare cause of intellectual disability, seizures, dysmorphology, and multiple anomalies. Two genes in the 1q41-q42 microdeletion, WDR26 and FBXO28, have been implicated in monogenic disease. Patients with WDR26 encephalopathy overlap clinically with those with 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome, whereas only one patient with FBXO28 encephalopathy has been described. Seizures are a prominent feature of 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome; therefore, we hypothesized that pathogenic FBXO28 variants cause developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs). We describe nine new patients with FBXO28 pathogenic variants (four missense, including one recurrent, three nonsense, and one frameshift) and analyze all 10 known cases to delineate the phenotypic spectrum. All patients had epilepsy and 9 of 10 had DEE, including infantile spasms (3) and a progressive myoclonic epilepsy (1). Median age at seizure onset was 22.5 months (range 8 months to 5 years). Nine of 10 patients had intellectual disability, which was profound in six of nine and severe in three of nine. Movement disorders occurred in eight of 10 patients, six of 10 had hypotonia, four of 10 had acquired microcephaly, and five of 10 had dysmorphic features, albeit different to those typically seen in 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome and WDR26 encephalopathy. We distinguish FBXO28 encephalopathy from both of these disorders with more severe intellectual impairment, drug-resistant epilepsy, and hyperkinetic movement disorders.
Published: 2021

8. The severe epilepsy syndromes of infancy: A population-based study

Author: Howell, KB, Freeman, JL, Mackay, MT, Fahey, MC, Archer, J, Berkovic, SF, Chan, E, Dabscheck, G, Eggers, S, Hayman, M, Holberton, J, Hunt, RW, Jacobs, SE, Kornberg, AJ, Leventer, RJ, Mandelstam, S, McMahon, JM, Mefford, HC, Panetta, J, Riseley, J, Rodriguez-Casero, V, Ryan, MM, Schneider, AL, Smith, LJ, Stark, Z, Wong, F, Yiu, EM, Scheffer, IE, Harvey, AS, Howell, KB, Freeman, JL, Mackay, MT, Fahey, MC, Archer, J, Berkovic, SF, Chan, E, Dabscheck, G, Eggers, S, Hayman, M, Holberton, J, Hunt, RW, Jacobs, SE, Kornberg, AJ, Leventer, RJ, Mandelstam, S, McMahon, JM, Mefford, HC, Panetta, J, Riseley, J, Rodriguez-Casero, V, Ryan, MM, Schneider, AL, Smith, LJ, Stark, Z, Wong, F, Yiu, EM, Scheffer, IE, and Harvey, AS
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the epilepsy syndromes among the severe epilepsies of infancy and assess their incidence, etiologies, and outcomes. METHODS: A population-based cohort study was undertaken of severe epilepsies with onset before age 18 months in Victoria, Australia. Two epileptologists reviewed clinical features, seizure videos, and electroencephalograms to diagnose International League Against Epilepsy epilepsy syndromes. Incidence, etiologies, and outcomes at age 2 years were determined. RESULTS: Seventy-three of 114 (64%) infants fulfilled diagnostic criteria for epilepsy syndromes at presentation, and 16 (14%) had "variants" of epilepsy syndromes in which there was one missing or different feature, or where all classical features had not yet emerged. West syndrome (WS) and "WS-like" epilepsy (infantile spasms without hypsarrhythmia or modified hypsarrhythmia) were the most common syndromes, with a combined incidence of 32.7/100 000 live births/year. The incidence of epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS) was 4.5/100 000 and of early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE) was 3.6/100 000. Structural etiologies were common in "WS-like" epilepsy (100%), unifocal epilepsy (83%), and WS (39%), whereas single gene disorders predominated in EIMFS, EIEE, and Dravet syndrome. Eighteen (16%) infants died before age 2 years. Development was delayed or borderline in 85 of 96 (89%) survivors, being severe-profound in 40 of 96 (42%). All infants with EIEE or EIMFS had severe-profound delay or were deceased, but only 19 of 64 (30%) infants with WS, "WS-like," or "unifocal epilepsy" had severe-profound delay, and only two of 64 (3%) were deceased. SIGNIFICANCE: Three quarters of severe epilepsies of infancy could be assigned an epilepsy syndrome or "variant syndrome" at presentation. In this era of genomic testing and advanced brain imaging, diagnosing epilepsy syndromes at presentation remains clinically useful for guiding etiologic investigation, initi
Published: 2021

9. Familial adult myoclonic epilepsy type 1 SAMD12 TTTCA repeat expansion arose 17,000 years ago and is present in Sri Lankan and Indian families

Author: Bennett, MF, Oliver, KL, Regan, BM, Bellows, Susannah, Schneider, AL, Rafehi, H, Sikta, N, Crompton, DE, Coleman, M, Hildebrand, MS, Corbett, MA, Kroes, T, Gecz, J, Scheffer, IE, Berkovic, SF, Bahlo, M, Bennett, MF, Oliver, KL, Regan, BM, Bellows, Susannah, Schneider, AL, Rafehi, H, Sikta, N, Crompton, DE, Coleman, M, Hildebrand, MS, Corbett, MA, Kroes, T, Gecz, J, Scheffer, IE, Berkovic, SF, and Bahlo, M
Published: 2020

10. SCN1A Variants in vaccine-related febrile seizures: A prospective study

Author: Damiano, JA, Deng, L, Li, W, Burgess, R, Schneider, AL, Crawford, NW, Buttery, J, Gold, M, Richmond, P, Macartney, KK, Hildebrand, MS, Scheffer, IE, Wood, N, Berkovic, SF, Damiano, JA, Deng, L, Li, W, Burgess, R, Schneider, AL, Crawford, NW, Buttery, J, Gold, M, Richmond, P, Macartney, KK, Hildebrand, MS, Scheffer, IE, Wood, N, and Berkovic, SF
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Febrile seizures may follow vaccination. Common variants in the sodium channel gene, SCN1A, are associated with febrile seizures, and rare pathogenic variants in SCN1A cause the severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy Dravet syndrome. Following vaccination, febrile seizures may raise the specter of poor outcome and inappropriately implicate vaccination as the cause. We aimed to determine the prevalence of SCN1A variants in children having their first febrile seizure either proximal to vaccination or unrelated to vaccination compared to controls. METHODS: We performed SCN1A sequencing, blind to clinical category, in a prospective cohort of children presenting with their first febrile seizure as vaccine proximate (n = 69) or as non-vaccine proximate (n = 75), and children with no history of seizures (n = 90) recruited in Australian pediatric hospitals. RESULTS: We detected 2 pathogenic variants in vaccine-proximate cases (p.R568X and p.W932R), both of whom developed Dravet syndrome, and 1 in a non-vaccine-proximate case (p.V947L) who had febrile seizures plus from 9 months. All had generalized tonic-clonic seizures lasting >15 minutes. We also found enrichment of a reported risk allele, rs6432860-T, in children with febrile seizures compared to controls (odds ratio = 1.91, 95% confidence interval = 1.31-2.81). INTERPRETATION: Pathogenic SCN1A variants may be identified in infants with vaccine-proximate febrile seizures. As early diagnosis of Dravet syndrome is essential for optimal management and outcome, SCN1A sequencing in infants with prolonged febrile seizures, proximate to vaccination, should become routine. ANN NEUROL 2020;87:281-288.
Published: 2020

11. BRAT1 encephalopathy: a recessive cause of epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures

Author: Scheffer, IE, Boysen, KE, Schneider, AL, Myers, CT, Mehaffey, MG, Rochtus, AM, Yuen, Y-P, Ronen, G, Chak, WK, Gill, D, Poduri, A, Mefford, HC, Scheffer, IE, Boysen, KE, Schneider, AL, Myers, CT, Mehaffey, MG, Rochtus, AM, Yuen, Y-P, Ronen, G, Chak, WK, Gill, D, Poduri, A, and Mefford, HC
Abstract: Epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS), one of the most severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy syndromes, is characterized by seizures that migrate from one hemisphere to the other. EIMFS is genetically heterogeneous with 33 genes. We report five patients with EIMFS caused by recessive BRAT1 variants, identified via next generation sequencing. Recessive pathogenic variants in BRAT1 cause the rigidity and multifocal seizure syndrome, lethal neonatal with hypertonia, microcephaly, and intractable multifocal seizures. The epileptology of BRAT1 encephalopathy has not been well described. All five patients were profoundly impaired with seizure onset in the first week of life and focal seizure migration between hemispheres. We show that BRAT1 is an important recessive cause of EIMFS with onset in the first week of life, profound impairment, and early death. Early recognition of this genetic aetiology will inform management and reproductive counselling.
Published: 2020

12. Corolla Versus Calyx

Author: Schneider, Al
Subjects: Lewis Co., Labels, Science and technology
Abstract: To the Editors: Please make 'Botany Corner' a staple in every issue. However, the labels on the upper left of the Cuscuta europaea illustration in the November-December 2019 issue have [...]
Published: 2020

13. Perception of impact of Dravet syndrome on children and caregivers in multiple countries: looking beyond seizures

Author: Nabbout, R, Auvin, S, Chiron, C, Thiele, E, Cross, H, Scheffer, IE, Schneider, AL, Guerrini, R, Williamson, N, Irwin, J, Mistry, A, Grimes, R, Bennett, B, Nabbout, R, Auvin, S, Chiron, C, Thiele, E, Cross, H, Scheffer, IE, Schneider, AL, Guerrini, R, Williamson, N, Irwin, J, Mistry, A, Grimes, R, and Bennett, B
Abstract: AIM: To assess the relevance and generalizability across countries of concepts of the impact of Dravet syndrome beyond seizures, as recognized by families. METHOD: Caregivers of children with Dravet syndrome in four countries (Australia [n=8]; USA, UK, and Italy [all n=4]) participated in 1-hour qualitative telephone interviews, identifying key Dravet syndrome concepts. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and, where necessary, translated into English for thematic analysis. Conceptual saturation was assessed and findings compared to the previously developed French conceptual disease model. RESULTS: The most common seizure types reported by caregivers were tonic-clonic, absence, or focal-impaired awareness (localized/partial). Fever and physical activity were the most commonly reported triggers. Patient-relevant impacts included impairment in cognition, motor skills, communication, social skills, and behavioural functioning. Caregivers consistently reported negative social, physical, and family impacts. Concepts identified in the interviews showed similarity with the French conceptual model. Minor differences between countries are likely to reflect variations in health care systems. INTERPRETATION: Findings in Italy, Australia, UK, and USA confirm that the key impacts of Dravet syndrome on children and caregivers identified in France are generalizable across countries. Key symptom and impact concepts relevant to children and parents should be targeted as critical outcomes in new therapy evaluations. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: Relevance of the impact of Dravet syndrome on children and caregivers was confirmed across countries. Patient and caregiver-relevant Dravet syndrome impacts contribute to poorer health-related quality of life. Indirect seizure impacts were reported to be as important as direct impacts. Country-specific differences in concepts probably reflect differences in health care systems.
Published: 2019

14. Double somatic mosaicism in a child with Dravet syndrome

Author: Muir, AM, King, C, Schneider, AL, Buttar, AS, Scheffer, IE, Sadleir, LG, Mefford, HC, Muir, AM, King, C, Schneider, AL, Buttar, AS, Scheffer, IE, Sadleir, LG, and Mefford, HC
Published: 2019

15. Intronic ATTTC repeat expansions in STARD7 in familial adult myoclonic epilepsy linked to chromosome 2

Author: Corbett, MA, Kroes, T, Veneziano, L, Bennett, MF, Florian, R, Schneider, AL, Coppola, A, Licchetta, L, Franceschetti, S, Suppa, A, Wenger, A, Mei, D, Pendziwiat, M, Kaya, S, Delledonne, M, Straussberg, R, Xumerle, L, Regan, B, Crompton, D, van Rootselaar, A-F, Correll, A, Catford, R, Bisulli, F, Chakraborty, S, Baldassari, S, Tinuper, P, Barton, K, Carswell, S, Smith, M, Berardelli, A, Carroll, R, Gardner, A, Friend, KL, Blatt, I, Iacomino, M, Di Bonaventura, C, Striano, S, Buratti, J, Keren, B, Nava, C, Forlani, S, Rudolf, G, Hirsch, E, Leguern, E, Labauge, P, Balestrini, S, Sander, JW, Afawi, Z, Helbig, I, Ishiura, H, Tsuji, S, Sisodiya, SM, Casari, G, Sadleir, LG, van Coller, R, Tijssen, MAJ, Klein, KM, van den Maagdenberg, AMJM, Zara, F, Guerrini, R, Berkovic, SF, Pippucci, T, Canafoglia, L, Bahlo, M, Striano, P, Scheffer, IE, Brancati, F, Depienne, C, Gecz, J, Corbett, MA, Kroes, T, Veneziano, L, Bennett, MF, Florian, R, Schneider, AL, Coppola, A, Licchetta, L, Franceschetti, S, Suppa, A, Wenger, A, Mei, D, Pendziwiat, M, Kaya, S, Delledonne, M, Straussberg, R, Xumerle, L, Regan, B, Crompton, D, van Rootselaar, A-F, Correll, A, Catford, R, Bisulli, F, Chakraborty, S, Baldassari, S, Tinuper, P, Barton, K, Carswell, S, Smith, M, Berardelli, A, Carroll, R, Gardner, A, Friend, KL, Blatt, I, Iacomino, M, Di Bonaventura, C, Striano, S, Buratti, J, Keren, B, Nava, C, Forlani, S, Rudolf, G, Hirsch, E, Leguern, E, Labauge, P, Balestrini, S, Sander, JW, Afawi, Z, Helbig, I, Ishiura, H, Tsuji, S, Sisodiya, SM, Casari, G, Sadleir, LG, van Coller, R, Tijssen, MAJ, Klein, KM, van den Maagdenberg, AMJM, Zara, F, Guerrini, R, Berkovic, SF, Pippucci, T, Canafoglia, L, Bahlo, M, Striano, P, Scheffer, IE, Brancati, F, Depienne, C, and Gecz, J
Abstract: Familial Adult Myoclonic Epilepsy (FAME) is characterised by cortical myoclonic tremor usually from the second decade of life and overt myoclonic or generalised tonic-clonic seizures. Four independent loci have been implicated in FAME on chromosomes (chr) 2, 3, 5 and 8. Using whole genome sequencing and repeat primed PCR, we provide evidence that chr2-linked FAME (FAME2) is caused by an expansion of an ATTTC pentamer within the first intron of STARD7. The ATTTC expansions segregate in 158/158 individuals typically affected by FAME from 22 pedigrees including 16 previously reported families recruited worldwide. RNA sequencing from patient derived fibroblasts shows no accumulation of the AUUUU or AUUUC repeat sequences and STARD7 gene expression is not affected. These data, in combination with other genes bearing similar mutations that have been implicated in FAME, suggest ATTTC expansions may cause this disorder, irrespective of the genomic locus involved.
Published: 2019

16. AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit defects are a cause of neurodevelopmental disorders

Author: Salpietro, V, Dixon, CL, Guo, H, Bello, OD, Vandrovcova, J, Efthymiou, S, Maroofian, R, Heimer, G, Burglen, L, Valence, S, Torti, E, Hacke, M, Rankin, J, Tariq, H, Colin, E, Procaccio, V, Striano, P, Mankad, K, Lieb, A, Chen, S, Pisani, L, Bettencourt, C, Mannikko, R, Manole, A, Brusco, A, Grosso, E, Ferrero, GB, Armstrong-Moron, J, Gueden, S, Bar-Yosef, O, Tzadok, M, Monaghan, KG, Santiago-Sim, T, Person, RE, Cho, MT, Willaert, R, Yoo, Y, Chae, J-H, Quan, Y, Wu, H, Wang, T, Bernier, RA, Xia, K, Blesson, A, Jain, M, Motazacker, MM, Jaeger, B, Schneider, AL, Boysen, K, Muir, AM, Myers, CT, Gavrilova, RH, Gunderson, L, Schultz-Rogers, L, Klee, EW, Dyment, D, Osmond, M, Parellada, M, Llorente, C, Gonzalez-Penas, J, Carracedo, A, Van Haeringen, A, Ruivenkamp, C, Nava, C, Heron, D, Nardello, R, Iacomino, M, Minetti, C, Skabar, A, Fabretto, A, Chez, M, Tsai, A, Fassi, E, Shinawi, M, Constantino, JN, De Zorzi, R, Fortuna, S, Kok, F, Keren, B, Bonneau, D, Choi, M, Benzeev, B, Zara, F, Mefford, HC, Scheffer, IE, Clayton-Smith, J, Macaya, A, Rothman, JE, Eichler, EE, Kullmann, DM, Houlden, H, Raspall-Chaure, M, Hanna, MG, Bugiardini, E, Hostettler, I, O'Callaghan, B, Khan, A, Cortese, A, O'Connor, E, Yau, WY, Bourinaris, T, Kaiyrzhanov, R, Chelban, V, Madej, M, Diana, MC, Vari, MS, Pedemonte, M, Bruno, C, Balagura, G, Scala, M, Fiorillo, C, Nobili, L, Malintan, NT, Zanetti, MN, Krishnakumar, SS, Lignani, G, Jepson, JEC, Broda, P, Baldassari, S, Rossi, P, Fruscione, F, Madia, F, Traverso, M, De-Marco, P, Perez-Duenas, B, Munell, F, Kriouile, Y, El-Khorassani, M, Karashova, B, Avdjieva, D, Kathom, H, Tincheva, R, Van-Maldergem, L, Nachbauer, W, Boesch, S, Gagliano, A, Amadori, E, Goraya, JS, Sultan, T, Kirmani, S, Ibrahim, S, Jan, F, Mine, J, Banu, S, Veggiotti, P, Zuccotti, G, Ferrari, MD, Van Den Maagdenberg, AMJ, Verrotti, A, Marseglia, GL, Savasta, S, Soler, MA, Scuderi, C, Borgione, E, Chimenz, R, Gitto, E, Dipasquale, V, Sallemi, A, Fusco, M, Cuppari, C, Cutrupi, MC, Ruggieri, M, Cama, A, Capra, V, Mencacci, NE, Boles, R, Gupta, N, Kabra, M, Papacostas, S, Zamba-Papanicolaou, E, Dardiotis, E, Maqbool, S, Rana, N, Atawneh, O, Lim, SY, Shaikh, F, Koutsis, G, Breza, M, Coviello, DA, Dauvilliers, YA, AlKhawaja, I, AlKhawaja, M, Al-Mutairi, F, Stojkovic, T, Ferrucci, V, Zollo, M, Alkuraya, FS, Kinali, M, Sherifa, H, Benrhouma, H, Turki, IBY, Tazir, M, Obeid, M, Bakhtadze, S, Saadi, NW, Zaki, MS, Triki, CC, Benfenati, F, Gustincich, S, Kara, M, Belcastro, V, Specchio, N, Capovilla, G, Karimiani, EG, Salih, AM, Okubadejo, NU, Ojo, OO, Oshinaike, OO, Oguntunde, O, Wahab, K, Bello, AH, Abubakar, S, Obiabo, Y, Nwazor, E, Ekenze, O, Williams, U, Iyagba, A, Taiwo, L, Komolafe, M, Senkevich, K, Shashkin, C, Zharkynbekova, N, Koneyev, K, Manizha, G, Isrofilov, M, Guliyeva, U, Salayev, K, Khachatryan, S, Rossi, S, Silvestri, G, Haridy, N, Ramenghi, LA, Xiromerisiou, G, David, E, Aguennouz, M, Fidani, L, Spanaki, C, Tucci, A, Salpietro, V, Dixon, CL, Guo, H, Bello, OD, Vandrovcova, J, Efthymiou, S, Maroofian, R, Heimer, G, Burglen, L, Valence, S, Torti, E, Hacke, M, Rankin, J, Tariq, H, Colin, E, Procaccio, V, Striano, P, Mankad, K, Lieb, A, Chen, S, Pisani, L, Bettencourt, C, Mannikko, R, Manole, A, Brusco, A, Grosso, E, Ferrero, GB, Armstrong-Moron, J, Gueden, S, Bar-Yosef, O, Tzadok, M, Monaghan, KG, Santiago-Sim, T, Person, RE, Cho, MT, Willaert, R, Yoo, Y, Chae, J-H, Quan, Y, Wu, H, Wang, T, Bernier, RA, Xia, K, Blesson, A, Jain, M, Motazacker, MM, Jaeger, B, Schneider, AL, Boysen, K, Muir, AM, Myers, CT, Gavrilova, RH, Gunderson, L, Schultz-Rogers, L, Klee, EW, Dyment, D, Osmond, M, Parellada, M, Llorente, C, Gonzalez-Penas, J, Carracedo, A, Van Haeringen, A, Ruivenkamp, C, Nava, C, Heron, D, Nardello, R, Iacomino, M, Minetti, C, Skabar, A, Fabretto, A, Chez, M, Tsai, A, Fassi, E, Shinawi, M, Constantino, JN, De Zorzi, R, Fortuna, S, Kok, F, Keren, B, Bonneau, D, Choi, M, Benzeev, B, Zara, F, Mefford, HC, Scheffer, IE, Clayton-Smith, J, Macaya, A, Rothman, JE, Eichler, EE, Kullmann, DM, Houlden, H, Raspall-Chaure, M, Hanna, MG, Bugiardini, E, Hostettler, I, O'Callaghan, B, Khan, A, Cortese, A, O'Connor, E, Yau, WY, Bourinaris, T, Kaiyrzhanov, R, Chelban, V, Madej, M, Diana, MC, Vari, MS, Pedemonte, M, Bruno, C, Balagura, G, Scala, M, Fiorillo, C, Nobili, L, Malintan, NT, Zanetti, MN, Krishnakumar, SS, Lignani, G, Jepson, JEC, Broda, P, Baldassari, S, Rossi, P, Fruscione, F, Madia, F, Traverso, M, De-Marco, P, Perez-Duenas, B, Munell, F, Kriouile, Y, El-Khorassani, M, Karashova, B, Avdjieva, D, Kathom, H, Tincheva, R, Van-Maldergem, L, Nachbauer, W, Boesch, S, Gagliano, A, Amadori, E, Goraya, JS, Sultan, T, Kirmani, S, Ibrahim, S, Jan, F, Mine, J, Banu, S, Veggiotti, P, Zuccotti, G, Ferrari, MD, Van Den Maagdenberg, AMJ, Verrotti, A, Marseglia, GL, Savasta, S, Soler, MA, Scuderi, C, Borgione, E, Chimenz, R, Gitto, E, Dipasquale, V, Sallemi, A, Fusco, M, Cuppari, C, Cutrupi, MC, Ruggieri, M, Cama, A, Capra, V, Mencacci, NE, Boles, R, Gupta, N, Kabra, M, Papacostas, S, Zamba-Papanicolaou, E, Dardiotis, E, Maqbool, S, Rana, N, Atawneh, O, Lim, SY, Shaikh, F, Koutsis, G, Breza, M, Coviello, DA, Dauvilliers, YA, AlKhawaja, I, AlKhawaja, M, Al-Mutairi, F, Stojkovic, T, Ferrucci, V, Zollo, M, Alkuraya, FS, Kinali, M, Sherifa, H, Benrhouma, H, Turki, IBY, Tazir, M, Obeid, M, Bakhtadze, S, Saadi, NW, Zaki, MS, Triki, CC, Benfenati, F, Gustincich, S, Kara, M, Belcastro, V, Specchio, N, Capovilla, G, Karimiani, EG, Salih, AM, Okubadejo, NU, Ojo, OO, Oshinaike, OO, Oguntunde, O, Wahab, K, Bello, AH, Abubakar, S, Obiabo, Y, Nwazor, E, Ekenze, O, Williams, U, Iyagba, A, Taiwo, L, Komolafe, M, Senkevich, K, Shashkin, C, Zharkynbekova, N, Koneyev, K, Manizha, G, Isrofilov, M, Guliyeva, U, Salayev, K, Khachatryan, S, Rossi, S, Silvestri, G, Haridy, N, Ramenghi, LA, Xiromerisiou, G, David, E, Aguennouz, M, Fidani, L, Spanaki, C, and Tucci, A
Abstract: AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are tetrameric ligand-gated channels made up of combinations of GluA1-4 subunits encoded by GRIA1-4 genes. GluA2 has an especially important role because, following post-transcriptional editing at the Q607 site, it renders heteromultimeric AMPARs Ca2+-impermeable, with a linear relationship between current and trans-membrane voltage. Here, we report heterozygous de novo GRIA2 mutations in 28 unrelated patients with intellectual disability (ID) and neurodevelopmental abnormalities including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Rett syndrome-like features, and seizures or developmental epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). In functional expression studies, mutations lead to a decrease in agonist-evoked current mediated by mutant subunits compared to wild-type channels. When GluA2 subunits are co-expressed with GluA1, most GRIA2 mutations cause a decreased current amplitude and some also affect voltage rectification. Our results show that de-novo variants in GRIA2 can cause neurodevelopmental disorders, complementing evidence that other genetic causes of ID, ASD and DEE also disrupt glutamatergic synaptic transmission.
Published: 2019

17. Sleep problems in Dravet syndrome: a modifiable comorbidity

Author: Licheni, SH, Mcmahon, JM, Schneider, AL, Davey, MJ, Scheffer, IE, Licheni, SH, Mcmahon, JM, Schneider, AL, Davey, MJ, and Scheffer, IE
Abstract: AIM: Many children with severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathies experience significant sleep disturbance, causing major disruption to the family's quality of life. We aimed to determine the frequency and nature of sleep problems in individuals with Dravet syndrome. METHODS: The Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children and a seizure questionnaire were distributed to the parents/guardians of 96 patients with Dravet syndrome. Sixteen patients had two nights of home oximetry. RESULTS: Fifty-seven out of 96 questionnaires were completed. Forty-three out of 57 (75%) individuals had sleep problems. Twenty-five out of 57 (44%) individuals had an abnormal total sleep score, with difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep (22 out of 57, 39%), sleep-wake transition disorders (20 out of 57, 35%), and sleep breathing disorders (19 out of 57, 33%). Twenty-two out of 57 (39%) individuals took medication to assist sleep, predominantly melatonin (n=14). Thirty out of 57 (53%) recently had nocturnal seizures. Overnight oximetry showed 14 out of 16 (88%) had a higher oxygen desaturation index (>3%), and six out of 16 (38%) had higher mean pulse rates than normative values. Home oximetry was normal or inconclusive in all patients. INTERPRETATION: Seventy-five per cent of individuals with Dravet syndrome had sleep problems, highlighting the importance of routinely assessing sleep and initiating appropriate behavioural and pharmacological interventions to improve the patient and family's quality of life. A high oxygen desaturation index and mean pulse rates on pulse oximetry may reflect unrecognized nocturnal seizures. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: More than 70% of patients with Dravet syndrome have sleep problems. Difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep was most common, particularly in those older than 20 years. Second most common were sleep-wake transition disorders, affecting more than 50% of those younger than 5 years. Sleep breathing disorders were a frequent problem across all
Published: 2018

18. The epilepsy phenotypic spectrum associated with a recurrent CUX2 variant

Author: Chatron, N, Moller, RS, Champaigne, NL, Schneider, AL, Kuechler, A, Labalme, A, Simonet, T, Baggett, L, Bardel, C, Kamsteeg, E-J, Pfundt, R, Romano, C, Aronsson, J, Alberti, A, Vinci, M, Miranda, MJ, Lacroix, A, Marjanovic, D, des Portes, V, Edery, P, Wieczorek, D, Gardella, E, Scheffer, IE, Mefford, H, Sanlaville, D, Carvill, GL, Lesca, G, Chatron, N, Moller, RS, Champaigne, NL, Schneider, AL, Kuechler, A, Labalme, A, Simonet, T, Baggett, L, Bardel, C, Kamsteeg, E-J, Pfundt, R, Romano, C, Aronsson, J, Alberti, A, Vinci, M, Miranda, MJ, Lacroix, A, Marjanovic, D, des Portes, V, Edery, P, Wieczorek, D, Gardella, E, Scheffer, IE, Mefford, H, Sanlaville, D, Carvill, GL, and Lesca, G
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cut homeodomain transcription factor CUX2 plays an important role in dendrite branching, spine development, and synapse formation in layer II to III neurons of the cerebral cortex. We identify a recurrent de novo CUX2 p.Glu590Lys as a novel genetic cause for developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). METHODS: The de novo p.Glu590Lys variant was identified by whole-exome sequencing (n = 5) or targeted gene panel (n = 4). We performed electroclinical and imaging phenotyping on all patients. RESULTS: The cohort comprised 7 males and 2 females. Mean age at study was 13 years (0.5-21.0). Median age at seizure onset was 6 months (2 months to 9 years). Seizure types at onset were myoclonic, atypical absence with myoclonic components, and focal seizures. Epileptiform activity on electroencephalogram was seen in 8 cases: generalized polyspike-wave (6) or multifocal discharges (2). Seizures were drug resistant in 7 or controlled with valproate (2). Six patients had a DEE: myoclonic DEE (3), Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (2), and West syndrome (1). Two had a static encephalopathy and genetic generalized epilepsy, including absence epilepsy in 1. One infant had multifocal epilepsy. Eight had severe cognitive impairment, with autistic features in 6. The p.Glu590Lys variant affects a highly conserved glutamine residue in the CUT domain predicted to interfere with CUX2 binding to DNA targets during neuronal development. INTERPRETATION: Patients with CUX2 p.Glu590Lys display a distinctive phenotypic spectrum, which is predominantly generalized epilepsy, with infantile-onset myoclonic DEE at the severe end and generalized epilepsy with severe static developmental encephalopathy at the milder end of the spectrum. Ann Neurol 2018;83:926-934.
Published: 2018

19. A ripple of praise for MQA

Author: Schneider, Al
Subjects: Consumer news and advice, Electronics
Abstract: Editor: ... in a sea of pessimism. I understand some of the concerns regarding MQA, others not so much. Sound quality appears a unanimous thumbs-up to those with extensive exposure [...]
Published: 2018

20. CHD2 variants are a risk factor for photosensitivity in epilepsy

Author: Galizia, EC, Myers, CT, Leu, C, de Kovel, CGF, Afrikanova, T, Cordero-Maldonado, ML, Martins, TG, Jacmin, M, Drury, S, Chinthapalli, VK, Muhle, H, Pendziwiat, M, Sander, T, Ruppert, A-K, Moller, RS, Thiele, H, Krause, R, Schubert, J, Lehesjoki, A-E, Nuernberg, P, Lerche, H, Palotie, A, Coppola, A, Striano, S, Del Gaudio, L, Boustred, C, Schneider, AL, Lench, N, Jocic-Jakubi, B, Covanis, A, Capovilla, G, Veggiotti, P, Piccioli, M, Parisi, P, Cantonetti, L, Sadleir, LG, Mullen, SA, Berkovic, SF, Stephani, U, Helbig, I, Crawford, AD, Esguerra, CV, Trenite, DGAK-N, Koeleman, BPC, Mefford, HC, Scheffer, IE, Sisodiya, SM, Galizia, EC, Myers, CT, Leu, C, de Kovel, CGF, Afrikanova, T, Cordero-Maldonado, ML, Martins, TG, Jacmin, M, Drury, S, Chinthapalli, VK, Muhle, H, Pendziwiat, M, Sander, T, Ruppert, A-K, Moller, RS, Thiele, H, Krause, R, Schubert, J, Lehesjoki, A-E, Nuernberg, P, Lerche, H, Palotie, A, Coppola, A, Striano, S, Del Gaudio, L, Boustred, C, Schneider, AL, Lench, N, Jocic-Jakubi, B, Covanis, A, Capovilla, G, Veggiotti, P, Piccioli, M, Parisi, P, Cantonetti, L, Sadleir, LG, Mullen, SA, Berkovic, SF, Stephani, U, Helbig, I, Crawford, AD, Esguerra, CV, Trenite, DGAK-N, Koeleman, BPC, Mefford, HC, Scheffer, IE, and Sisodiya, SM
Abstract: Photosensitivity is a heritable abnormal cortical response to flickering light, manifesting as particular electroencephalographic changes, with or without seizures. Photosensitivity is prominent in a very rare epileptic encephalopathy due to de novo CHD2 mutations, but is also seen in epileptic encephalopathies due to other gene mutations. We determined whether CHD2 variation underlies photosensitivity in common epilepsies, specific photosensitive epilepsies and individuals with photosensitivity without seizures. We studied 580 individuals with epilepsy and either photosensitive seizures or abnormal photoparoxysmal response on electroencephalography, or both, and 55 individuals with photoparoxysmal response but no seizures. We compared CHD2 sequence data to publicly available data from 34 427 individuals, not enriched for epilepsy. We investigated the role of unique variants seen only once in the entire data set. We sought CHD2 variants in 238 exomes from familial genetic generalized epilepsies, and in other public exome data sets. We identified 11 unique variants in the 580 individuals with photosensitive epilepsies and 128 unique variants in the 34 427 controls: unique CHD2 variation is over-represented in cases overall (P = 2.17 × 10(-5)). Among epilepsy syndromes, there was over-representation of unique CHD2 variants (3/36 cases) in the archetypal photosensitive epilepsy syndrome, eyelid myoclonia with absences (P = 3.50 × 10(-4)). CHD2 variation was not over-represented in photoparoxysmal response without seizures. Zebrafish larvae with chd2 knockdown were tested for photosensitivity. Chd2 knockdown markedly enhanced mild innate zebrafish larval photosensitivity. CHD2 mutation is the first identified cause of the archetypal generalized photosensitive epilepsy syndrome, eyelid myoclonia with absences. Unique CHD2 variants are also associated with photosensitivity in common epilepsies. CHD2 does not encode an ion channel, opening new avenues for research into hum
Published: 2015

21. Epileptic spasms are a feature of DEPDC5 mTORopathy

Author: Carvill, GL, Crompton, DE, Regan, BM, McMahon, JM, Saykally, J, Zemel, M, Schneider, AL, Dibbens, L, Howell, KB, Mandelstam, S, Leventer, RJ, Harvey, AS, Mullen, SA, Berkovic, SF, Sullivan, J, Scheffer, IE, Mefford, HC, Carvill, GL, Crompton, DE, Regan, BM, McMahon, JM, Saykally, J, Zemel, M, Schneider, AL, Dibbens, L, Howell, KB, Mandelstam, S, Leventer, RJ, Harvey, AS, Mullen, SA, Berkovic, SF, Sullivan, J, Scheffer, IE, and Mefford, HC
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the presence of DEPDC5 mutations in a cohort of patients with epileptic spasms. METHODS: We performed DEPDC5 resequencing in 130 patients with spasms, segregation analysis of variants of interest, and detailed clinical assessment of patients with possibly and likely pathogenic variants. RESULTS: We identified 3 patients with variants in DEPDC5 in the cohort of 130 patients with spasms. We also describe 3 additional patients with DEPDC5 alterations and epileptic spasms: 2 from a previously described family and a third ascertained by clinical testing. Overall, we describe 6 patients from 5 families with spasms and DEPDC5 variants; 2 arose de novo and 3 were familial. Two individuals had focal cortical dysplasia. Clinical outcome was highly variable. CONCLUSIONS: While recent molecular findings in epileptic spasms emphasize the contribution of de novo mutations, we highlight the relevance of inherited mutations in the setting of a family history of focal epilepsies. We also illustrate the utility of clinical diagnostic testing and detailed phenotypic evaluation in characterizing the constellation of phenotypes associated with DEPDC5 alterations. We expand this phenotypic spectrum to include epileptic spasms, aligning DEPDC5 epilepsies more with the recognized features of other mTORopathies.
Published: 2015

22. 4FX.

Author: SCHNEIDER, AL
Published: 2019

23. Hole Hop.

Author: SCHNEIDER, AL
Published: 2019

24. Letters.

Author: Schneider, Al, Bair, Richard, Host, Glenn, and Smith, Thomas J.
Subjects: *COROLLA (Botany)
Published: 2020

25. Sodium Taurocholate Co-transporting Polypeptide deficiency

Author: Schneider, AL, Köhler, H., Röthlisberger, B., Grobholz, R., and McLin, V.A.
Abstract: •What is already known on this subject? NTCP deficiency is associated with hypercholanemia.•What are the new findings?Upon review of the literature, serum bile acid levels may be related to the mutation.•How might it impact on clinical practice in the foreseeable future?NTCP deficiency should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis of unexplained failure to thrive, anicteric cholestasis, fetal demise, or unexplained histological liver abnormalities associated with hypercholanemia.
Published: 2021
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26. Quantum Entanglement.

Author: SCHNEIDER, AL
Published: 2020

27. Application to the additive fabrication of Object Oriented Methodology

Author: Couturier Jean-François and Schneider Alexandre
Subjects: Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract: Based on some experimentation in NUM3D Platform, we integrate the possibilities of additive manufacturing processes and the characteristics of the materials. We extend to the specific property inherent in form and control to define a new tetraptych CPMF (Control/Process/Material/Form). We propose, from this tetraptych, an Oriented Object Modelization suited to Additive Manufacturing. In this paper, we set up a virtual representation specific to industrial manufacturing. The final objective, in fine, will be to use this representation in a decision-support tool.
Published: 2016
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28. LETTERS.

Author: Blumenstein, David, Schneider, Al, Penrose, John, Atkinson, John, and Rutten, Craig
Subjects: BUDGET, LOUDSPEAKERS, AUDIO amplifiers
Published: 2018

29. AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit defects are a cause of neurodevelopmental disorders

Author: Vincenzo Salpietro1, 2 3, 140, Christine L. Dixon4, Hui Guo5, 6 140, Oscar D. Bello Stephanie Efthymiou 1, 4, Reza Maroofian1, Gali Heimer7, Lydie Burglen 8, Stephanie Valence 9, Erin Torti 10, Moritz Hacke11, Julia Rankin12, Huma Tariq1, Estelle Colin13, Vincent Procaccio13, Pasquale Striano2, 3, Kshitij Mankad15, Andreas Lieb 4, Sharon Chen16, Laura Pisani16, Conceicao Bettencourt 17, Roope Männikkö 1, Andreea Manole1, Alfredo Brusco 18, Enrico Grosso18, Giovanni Battista Ferrero19, Judith Armstrong-Moron20, Sophie Gueden21, Omer Bar-Yosef7, Michal Tzadok7, Kristin G. Monaghan10, Teresa Santiago-Sim10, Richard E. Person10, Megan T. Cho10, Rebecca Willaert10, Yongjin Yoo22, Jong-Hee Chae23, Yingting Quan6, Huidan Wu6, Tianyun Wang5, 6, Raphael A. Bernier24, Kun Xia6, Alyssa Blesson25, Mahim Jain25, Mohammad M. Motazacker26, Bregje Jaeger27, Amy L. Schneider 28, Katja Boysen28, Alison M. Muir 29, Candace T. Myers30, Ralitza H. Gavrilova31, Lauren Gunderson31, Laura Schultz-Rogers 31, Eric W. Klee31, David Dyment32, Matthew Osmond32, 33 34, Mara Parellada35, Cloe Llorente36, Javier Gonzalez-Peñas37, Angel Carracedo38, Arie Van Haeringen40, Claudia Ruivenkamp40, Caroline Nava41, Delphine Heron41, Rosaria Nardello42, Michele Iacomino43, Carlo Minetti2, Aldo Skabar44, Antonella Fabretto44, SYNAPS Study GroupMiquel Raspall-Chaure45, Michael Chez46, Anne Tsai47, Emily Fassi48, Marwan Shinawi48, John N. Constantino49, Rita De Zorzi50, Sara Fortuna 50, Fernando Kok51, Boris Keren41, Dominique Bonneau13, Murim Choi 22, Bruria Benzeev7, Federico Zara43, Heather C. Mefford29, Ingrid E. Scheffer28, Jill Clayton-Smith53, Alfons Macaya45, James E. Rothman4, Evan E. Eichler 5, Dimitri M. Kullmann 4, Henry Houlden 1, SYNAPS Study Group Michael G. Hanna1, Enrico Bugiardini1, Isabel Hostettler1, Benjamin O’Callaghan1, Alaa Khan1, Andrea Cortese1, Emer O’Connor1, Wai Y. Yau1, Thomas Bourinaris1, Rauan Kaiyrzhanov1, Viorica Chelban1, Monika Madej1, Maria C. Diana2, Maria S. Vari2, Marina Pedemonte2, Claudio Bruno2, Ganna Balagura3, Marcello Scala3, Chiara Fiorillo3, Lino Nobili3, Nancy T. Malintan4, Maria N. Zanetti4, Shyam S. Krishnakumar4, Gabriele Lignani4, James E. C. Jepson4, Paolo Broda43, Simona Baldassari43, Pia Rossi43, Floriana Fruscione43, Francesca Madia43, Monica Traverso43, Patrizia De-Marco43, Belen Pérez-Dueñas45, Francina Munell45, Yamna Kriouile57, Mohamed El-Khorassani57, Blagovesta Karashova58, Daniela Avdjieva58, Hadil Kathom58, Radka Tincheva58, Lionel Van-Maldergem59, Wolfgang Nachbauer60, Sylvia Boesch60, Antonella Gagliano61, Elisabetta Amadori62, Jatinder S. Goraya63, Tipu Sultan64, Salman Kirmani65, Shahnaz Ibrahim66, Farida Jan66, Jun Mine67, Selina Banu68, Pierangelo Veggiotti69, Gian V. Zuccotti69, Michel D. Ferrari70, Arn M. J. Van Den Maagdenberg70, Alberto Verrotti71, Gian L. Marseglia72, Salvatore Savasta72, Miguel A. Soler73, Carmela Scuderi74, Eugenia Borgione74, Roberto Chimenz75, Eloisa Gitto75, Valeria Dipasquale75, Alessia Sallemi75, Monica Fusco75, Caterina Cuppari75, Maria C. Cutrupi75, Martino Ruggieri76, Armando Cama77, Valeria Capra77, Niccolò E. Mencacci78, Richard Boles79, Neerja Gupta80, Madhulika Kabra80, Savvas Papacostas81, Eleni Zamba-Papanicolaou81, Efthymios Dardiotis82, Shazia Maqbool83, Nuzhat Rana84, Osama Atawneh85, Shen Y. Lim86, Farooq Shaikh87, George Koutsis88, Marianthi Breza88, Domenico A. Coviello89, Yves A. Dauvilliers90, Issam AlKhawaja91, Mariam AlKhawaja92, Fuad Al-Mutairi93, Tanya Stojkovic94, Veronica Ferrucci, Massimo Zollo, Fowzan S. Alkuraya96, Maria Kinali97, Hamed Sherifa98, Hanene Benrhouma99, Ilhem B. Y. Turki99, Meriem Tazir100, Makram Obeid101, Sophia Bakhtadze102, Nebal W. Saadi103, Maha S. Zaki104, Chahnez C. Triki105, Fabio Benfenati106, Stefano Gustincich106, Majdi Kara107, Vincenzo Belcastro108, Nicola Specchio109, Giuseppe Capovilla110, Ehsan G. Karimiani111, Ahmed M. Salih112, Njideka U. Okubadejo113, Oluwadamilola O. Ojo113, Olajumoke O. Oshinaike113, Olapeju Oguntunde113, Kolawole Wahab114, Abiodun H. Bello114, Sanni Abubakar115, Yahaya Obiabo116, Ernest Nwazor117, Oluchi Ekenze118, Uduak Williams119, Alagoma Iyagba120, Lolade Taiwo121, Morenikeji Komolafe122, Konstantin Senkevich123, Chingiz Shashkin124, Nazira Zharkynbekova125, Kairgali Koneyev126, Ganieva Manizha127, Maksud Isrofilov127, Ulviyya Guliyeva128, Kamran Salayev129, Samson Khachatryan130, Salvatore Rossi131, Gabriella Silvestri131, Nourelhoda Haridy132, Luca A. Ramenghi133, Georgia Xiromerisiou134, Emanuele David135, Mhammed Aguennouz136, Liana Fidani137, Cleanthe Spanaki138, Arianna Tucci139, University College of London [London] (UCL), Instituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, University of Genoa (UNIGE), University of Washington [Seattle], Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, King‘s College London, UCL Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute - St George’s [London, UK] (Genetics Research Centre), University of London [London], Tel Aviv University Sackler School of Medicine [Tel Aviv, Israël], Service de génétique et embryologie médicales [CHU Trousseau], CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Neuropédiatrie [CHU Trousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), GeneDx [Gaithersburg, MD, USA], Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust [UK], Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée (BNMI), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Universita degli studi di Genova, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children [London] (GOSH), The University of Sydney, Hofstra University [Hempstead], Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu [Barcelona], Safra Children's Hospital, Seoul National University Hospital, Central South University [Changsha], Kennedy Krieger Institute [Baltimore], University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of Melbourne, Mayo Clinic [Rochester], Department of Health Sciences Research [Mayo Clinic] (HSR), Mayo Clinic, University of Ottawa [Ottawa], University of British Columbia (UBC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, University of Trieste, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California-University of California, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz [Aurora], Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Baylor University-Baylor University, Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, University of Oxford [Oxford], University of São Paulo (USP), Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Service de Pédiatrie, CHUR Poitiers, Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Pediatric Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, University of Manchester [Manchester], Yale University School of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Salvy-Córdoba, Nathalie, Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Tel Aviv University (TAU), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Trieste = University of Trieste, University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Oxford, Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), Salpietro V, Dixon CL, Guo H, Bello OD, Vandrovcova J, Efthymiou S, Maroofian R, Heimer G, Burglen L, Valence S, Torti E, Hacke M, Rankin J, Tariq H, Colin E, Procaccio V, Striano P, Mankad K, Lieb A, Chen S, Pisani L, Bettencourt C, Männikkö R, Manole A, Brusco A, Grosso E, Ferrero GB, Armstrong-Moron J, Gueden S, Bar-Yosef O, Tzadok M, Monaghan KG, Santiago-Sim T, Person RE, Cho MT, Willaert R, Yoo Y, Chae JH, Quan Y, Wu H, Wang T, Bernier RA, Xia K, Blesson A, Jain M, Motazacker MM, Jaeger B, Schneider AL, Boysen K, Muir AM, Myers CT, Gavrilova RH, Gunderson L, Schultz-Rogers L, Klee EW, Dyment D, Osmond M, Parellada M, Llorente C, Gonzalez-Peñas J, Carracedo A, Van Haeringen A, Ruivenkamp C, Nava C, Heron D, Nardello R, Iacomino M, Minetti C, Skabar A, Fabretto A, SYNAPS Study Group, Raspall-Chaure M, Chez M, Tsai A, Fassi E, Shinawi M, Constantino JN, De Zorzi R, Fortuna S, Kok F, Keren B, Bonneau D, Choi M, Benzeev B, Zara F, Mefford HC, Scheffer IE, Clayton-Smith J, Macaya A, Rothman JE, Eichler EE, Kullmann DM, Houlden H, Salpietro, Vincenzo, Dixon, Christine L, Guo, Hui, Bello, Oscar D, Vandrovcova, Jana, Efthymiou, Stephanie, Maroofian, Reza, Heimer, Gali, Burglen, Lydie, Valence, Stephanie, Torti, Erin, Hacke, Moritz, Rankin, Julia, Tariq, Huma, Colin, Estelle, Procaccio, Vincent, Striano, Pasquale, Mankad, Kshitij, Lieb, Andrea, Chen, Sharon, Pisani, Laura, Bettencourt, Conceicao, Männikkö, Roope, Manole, Andreea, Brusco, Alfredo, Grosso, Enrico, Ferrero, Giovanni Battista, Armstrong-Moron, Judith, Gueden, Sophie, Bar-Yosef, Omer, Tzadok, Michal, Monaghan, Kristin G, Santiago-Sim, Teresa, Person, Richard E, Cho, Megan T, Willaert, Rebecca, Yoo, Yongjin, Chae, Jong-Hee, Quan, Yingting, Wu, Huidan, Wang, Tianyun, Bernier, Raphael A, Xia, Kun, Blesson, Alyssa, Jain, Mahim, Motazacker, Mohammad M, Jaeger, Bregje, Schneider, Amy L, Boysen, Katja, Muir, Alison M, Myers, Candace T, Gavrilova, Ralitza H, Gunderson, Lauren, Schultz-Rogers, Laura, Klee, Eric W, Dyment, David, Osmond, Matthew, Parellada, Mara, Llorente, Cloe, Gonzalez-Peñas, Javier, Carracedo, Angel, Van Haeringen, Arie, Ruivenkamp, Claudia, Nava, Caroline, Heron, Delphine, Nardello, Rosaria, Iacomino, Michele, Minetti, Carlo, Skabar, Aldo, Fabretto, Antonella, Raspall-Chaure, Miquel, Chez, Michael, Tsai, Anne, Fassi, Emily, Shinawi, Marwan, Constantino, John N, De Zorzi, Rita, Fortuna, Sara, Kok, Fernando, Keren, Bori, Bonneau, Dominique, Choi, Murim, Benzeev, Bruria, Zara, Federico, Mefford, Heather C, Scheffer, Ingrid E, Clayton-Smith, Jill, Macaya, Alfon, Rothman, James E, Eichler, Evan E, Kullmann, Dimitri M, Houlden, Henry, Salpietro1, Vincenzo, 3, 2, Dixon4, Christine L., Guo5, Hui, 140, 6, Bello Stephanie Efthymiou 1, Oscar D., Maroofian1, Reza, Heimer7, Gali, 8, Lydie Burglen, 9, Stephanie Valence, Torti 10, Erin, Hacke11, Moritz, Rankin12, Julia, Tariq1, Huma, Colin13, Estelle, Procaccio13, Vincent, Striano2, Pasquale, Mankad15, Kshitij, 4, Andreas Lieb, Chen16, Sharon, Pisani16, Laura, Bettencourt 17, Conceicao, 1, Roope Männikkö, Manole1, Andreea, Brusco 18, Alfredo, Grosso18, Enrico, Battista Ferrero19, Giovanni, Armstrong-Moron20, Judith, Gueden21, Sophie, Bar-Yosef7, Omer, Tzadok7, Michal, Monaghan10, Kristin G., Santiago-Sim10, Teresa, Person10, Richard E., Cho10, Megan T., Willaert10, Rebecca, Yoo22, Yongjin, Chae23, Jong-Hee, Quan6, Yingting, Wu6, Huidan, Wang5, Tianyun, Bernier24, Raphael A., Xia6, Kun, Blesson25, Alyssa, Jain25, Mahim, Motazacker26, Mohammad M., Jaeger27, Bregje, Schneider 28, Amy L., Boysen28, Katja, Muir 29, Alison M., Myers30, Candace T., Gavrilova31, Ralitza H., Gunderson31, Lauren, Schultz-Rogers 31, Laura, Klee31, Eric W., Dyment32, David, Osmond32, Matthew, 34, 33, Parellada35, Mara, Llorente36, Cloe, Gonzalez-Peñas37, Javier, Carracedo38, Angel, Van Haeringen40, Arie, Ruivenkamp40, Claudia, Nava41, Caroline, Heron41, Delphine, Nardello42, Rosaria, Iacomino43, Michele, Minetti2, Carlo, Skabar44, Aldo, Fabretto44, Antonella, Study GroupMiquel Raspall-Chaure45, Synap, Chez46, Michael, Tsai47, Anne, Fassi48, Emily, Shinawi48, Marwan, Constantino49, John N., De Zorzi50, Rita, Fortuna 50, Sara, Kok51, Fernando, Keren41, Bori, Bonneau13, Dominique, Choi 22, Murim, Benzeev7, Bruria, Zara43, Federico, Mefford29, Heather C., Scheffer28, Ingrid E., Clayton-Smith53, Jill, Macaya45, Alfon, Rothman4, James E., Eichler 5, Evan E., Kullmann 4 &amp, Dimitri M., 1, Henry Houlden, Hanna1, SYNAPS Study Group Michael G., Bugiardini1, Enrico, Hostettler1, Isabel, O’Callaghan1, Benjamin, Khan1, Alaa, Cortese1, Andrea, O’Connor1, Emer, Yau1, Wai Y., Bourinaris1, Thoma, Kaiyrzhanov1, Rauan, Chelban1, Viorica, Madej1, Monika, Diana2, Maria C., Vari2, Maria S., Pedemonte2, Marina, Bruno2, Claudio, Balagura3, Ganna, Scala3, Marcello, Fiorillo3, Chiara, Nobili3, Lino, Malintan4, Nancy T., Zanetti4, Maria N., Krishnakumar4, Shyam S., Lignani4, Gabriele, Jepson4, James E. C., Broda43, Paolo, Baldassari43, Simona, Rossi43, Pia, Fruscione43, Floriana, Madia43, Francesca, Traverso43, Monica, De-Marco43, Patrizia, Pérez-Dueñas45, Belen, Munell45, Francina, Kriouile57, Yamna, El-Khorassani57, Mohamed, Karashova58, Blagovesta, Avdjieva58, Daniela, Kathom58, Hadil, Tincheva58, Radka, Van-Maldergem59, Lionel, Nachbauer60, Wolfgang, Boesch60, Sylvia, Gagliano61, Antonella, Amadori62, Elisabetta, Goraya63, Jatinder S., Sultan64, Tipu, Kirmani65, Salman, Ibrahim66, Shahnaz, Jan66, Farida, Mine67, Jun, Banu68, Selina, Veggiotti69, Pierangelo, Zuccotti69, Gian V., Ferrari70, Michel D., Van Den Maagdenberg70, Arn M. J., Verrotti71, Alberto, Marseglia72, Gian L., Savasta72, Salvatore, Soler73, Miguel A., Scuderi74, Carmela, Borgione74, Eugenia, Chimenz75, Roberto, Gitto75, Eloisa, Dipasquale75, Valeria, Sallemi75, Alessia, Fusco75, Monica, Cuppari75, Caterina, Cutrupi75, Maria C., Ruggieri76, Martino, Cama77, Armando, Capra77, Valeria, Mencacci78, Niccolò E., Boles79, Richard, Gupta80, Neerja, Kabra80, Madhulika, Papacostas81, Savva, Zamba-Papanicolaou81, Eleni, Dardiotis82, Efthymio, Maqbool83, Shazia, Rana84, Nuzhat, Atawneh85, Osama, Lim86, Shen Y., Shaikh87, Farooq, Koutsis88, George, Breza88, Marianthi, Coviello89, Domenico A., Dauvilliers90, Yves A., Alkhawaja91, Issam, Alkhawaja92, Mariam, Al-Mutairi93, Fuad, Stojkovic94, Tanya, Ferrucci, Veronica, Zollo, Massimo, Alkuraya96, Fowzan S., Kinali97, Maria, Sherifa98, Hamed, Benrhouma99, Hanene, Turki99, Ilhem B. Y., Tazir100, Meriem, Obeid101, Makram, Bakhtadze102, Sophia, Saadi103, Nebal W., Zaki104, Maha S., Triki105, Chahnez C., Benfenati106, Fabio, Gustincich106, Stefano, Kara107, Majdi, Belcastro108, Vincenzo, Specchio109, Nicola, Capovilla110, Giuseppe, Karimiani111, Ehsan G., Salih112, Ahmed M., Okubadejo113, Njideka U., Ojo113, Oluwadamilola O., Oshinaike113, Olajumoke O., Oguntunde113, Olapeju, Wahab114, Kolawole, Bello114, Abiodun H., Abubakar115, Sanni, Obiabo116, Yahaya, Nwazor117, Ernest, Ekenze118, Oluchi, Williams119, Uduak, Iyagba120, Alagoma, Taiwo121, Lolade, Komolafe122, Morenikeji, Senkevich123, Konstantin, Shashkin124, Chingiz, Zharkynbekova125, Nazira, Koneyev126, Kairgali, Manizha127, Ganieva, Isrofilov127, Maksud, Guliyeva128, Ulviyya, Salayev129, Kamran, Khachatryan130, Samson, Rossi131, Salvatore, Silvestri131, Gabriella, Haridy132, Nourelhoda, Ramenghi133, Luca A., Xiromerisiou134, Georgia, David135, Emanuele, Aguennouz136, Mhammed, Fidani137, Liana, Spanaki138 &amp, Cleanthe, and Tucci139, Arianna
Subjects: Male, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Ion channels in the nervous system, Cohort Studies, fluids and secretions, Loss of Function Mutation, Receptors, AMPA, AMPA receptor, lcsh:Science, Child, reproductive and urinary physiology, AMPA receptor, GluA2, neurodevelopmental disorders, autism spectrum disorder, glutamatergic synaptic transmission, GRIA2, neurodevelopmental disorders, Developmental disorders, Neurodevelopmental disorders, Brain, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Settore MED/26 - NEUROLOGIA, GluA2, Child, Preschool, Female, Adult, Heterozygote, Adolescent, Science, autism spectrum disorder, Article, Young Adult, [SDV.MHEP.PED] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, MESH: Intellectual Disability/genetics, Neurodevelopmental Disorders/genetics, Receptors AMPA/genetics, Intellectual Disability, mental disorders, Humans, Infant, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Receptors, AMPA, GRIA2, Preschool, Ion channel in the nervous system, Developmental disorders, Synaptic development, NG sequencing, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, glutamatergic synaptic transmission, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, NG sequencing, Synaptic development, Ion channel in the nervous system, Next-generation sequencing, lcsh:Q
Abstract: AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are tetrameric ligand-gated channels made up of combinations of GluA1-4 subunits encoded by GRIA1-4 genes. GluA2 has an especially important role because, following post-transcriptional editing at the Q607 site, it renders heteromultimeric AMPARs Ca2+-impermeable, with a linear relationship between current and trans-membrane voltage. Here, we report heterozygous de novo GRIA2 mutations in 28 unrelated patients with intellectual disability (ID) and neurodevelopmental abnormalities including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Rett syndrome-like features, and seizures or developmental epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). In functional expression studies, mutations lead to a decrease in agonist-evoked current mediated by mutant subunits compared to wild-type channels. When GluA2 subunits are co-expressed with GluA1, most GRIA2 mutations cause a decreased current amplitude and some also affect voltage rectification. Our results show that de-novo variants in GRIA2 can cause neurodevelopmental disorders, complementing evidence that other genetic causes of ID, ASD and DEE also disrupt glutamatergic synaptic transmission., Genetic variants in ionotropic glutamate receptors have been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, the authors report heterozygous de novo mutations in the GRIA2 gene in 28 individuals with intellectual disability and neurodevelopmental abnormalities associated with reduced Ca2+ transport and AMPAR currents.”
Published: 2019

30. Epileptic spasms are a feature ofDEPDC5mTORopathy

Author: Samuel F. Berkovic, Simone Mandelstam, Douglas E. Crompton, Matthew Zemel, Gemma L. Carvill, Amy L Schneider, Jacinta M McMahon, A. Simon Harvey, Julia Saykally, Joseph Sullivan, Brigid M. Regan, Saul A. Mullen, Katherine B. Howell, Leanne M. Dibbens, Heather C Mefford, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Richard J. Leventer, Carvill, GL, Crompton, DE, Regan, BM, McMahon, JM, Saykally, J, Zemel, M, Schneider, AL, Dibbens, L, Howell, KB, Mandelstam, S, Leventer, RJ, Harvey, AS, Mullen, SA, Berkovic, SF, Sullivan, J, Scheffer, IE, and Mefford, HC
Subjects: familial focal epilepsy, epileptic spasms, Bioinformatics, DEPDC5 mutations, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, spasms, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Family history, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Cortical dysplasia, medicine.disease, NPRL3, DEPDC5, 3. Good health, Epileptic spasms, Clinical research, Cohort, epilepsy, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: usc Refereed/Peer-reviewed Objective: To assess the presence of DEPDC5 mutations in a cohort of patients with epileptic spasms. Methods: We performed DEPDC5 resequencing in 130 patients with spasms, segregation analysis of variants of interest, and detailed clinical assessment of patients with possibly and likely pathogenic variants. Results: We identified 3 patients with variants in DEPDC5 in the cohort of 130 patients with spasms. We also describe 3 additional patients with DEPDC5 alterations and epileptic spasms: 2 from a previously described family and a third ascertained by clinical testing. Overall, we describe 6 patients from 5 families with spasms and DEPDC5 variants; 2 arose de novo and 3 were familial. Two individuals had focal cortical dysplasia. Clinical outcome was highly variable. Conclusions: While recent molecular findings in epileptic spasms emphasize the contribution of de novo mutations, we highlight the relevance of inherited mutations in the setting of a family history of focal epilepsies. We also illustrate the utility of clinical diagnostic testing and detailed phenotypic evaluation in characterizing the constellation of phenotypes associated with DEPDC5 alterations. We expand this phenotypic spectrum to include epileptic spasms, aligning DEPDC5 epilepsies more with the recognized features of other mTORopathies.
Published: 2015

31. Solving the Etiology of Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy with Spike-Wave Activation in Sleep (D/EE-SWAS).

Author: Viswanathan S, Oliver KL, Regan BM, Schneider AL, Myers CT, Mehaffey MG, LaCroix AJ, Antony J, Webster R, Cardamone M, Subramanian GM, Chiu ATG, Roza E, Teleanu RI, Malone S, Leventer RJ, Gill D, Berkovic SF, Hildebrand MS, Goad BS, Howell KB, Symonds JD, Brunklaus A, Sadleir LG, Zuberi SM, Mefford HC, and Scheffer IE
Subjects: Humans, Female, Male, Child, Preschool, Child, Infant, Adolescent, Electroencephalography, Sleep physiology, Sleep genetics, Cohort Studies, Phenotype, Adult, Young Adult, Spasms, Infantile genetics, Spasms, Infantile physiopathology
Abstract: Objective: To understand the etiological landscape and phenotypic differences between 2 developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) syndromes: DEE with spike-wave activation in sleep (DEE-SWAS) and epileptic encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep (EE-SWAS)., Methods: All patients fulfilled International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) DEE-SWAS or EE-SWAS criteria with a Core cohort (n = 91) drawn from our Epilepsy Genetics research program, together with 10 etiologically solved patients referred by collaborators in the Expanded cohort (n = 101). Detailed phenotyping and analysis of molecular genetic results were performed. We compared the phenotypic features of individuals with DEE-SWAS and EE-SWAS. Brain-specific gene co-expression analysis was performed for D/EE-SWAS genes., Results: We identified the etiology in 42/91 (46%) patients in our Core cohort, including 29/44 (66%) with DEE-SWAS and 13/47 (28%) with EE-SWAS. A genetic etiology was identified in 31/91 (34%). D/EE-SWAS genes were highly co-expressed in brain, highlighting the importance of channelopathies and transcriptional regulators. Structural etiologies were found in 12/91 (13%) individuals. We identified 10 novel D/EE-SWAS genes with a range of functions: ATP1A2, CACNA1A, FOXP1, GRIN1, KCNMA1, KCNQ3, PPFIA3, PUF60, SETD1B, and ZBTB18, and 2 novel copy number variants, 17p11.2 duplication and 5q22 deletion. Although developmental regression patterns were similar in both syndromes, DEE-SWAS was associated with a longer duration of epilepsy and poorer intellectual outcome than EE-SWAS., Interpretation: DEE-SWAS and EE-SWAS have highly heterogeneous genetic and structural etiologies. Phenotypic analysis highlights valuable clinical differences between DEE-SWAS and EE-SWAS which inform clinical care and prognostic counseling. Our etiological findings pave the way for the development of precision therapies. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:932-943., (© 2024 The Author(s). Annals of Neurology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Neurological Association.)
Published: 2024
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32. Fifteen-minute consultation: Management of mammalian bites in children-from local wound care to prophylactic antibiotics.

Author: Schneider AL, Ritter Schenk C, and Zimmermann P
Subjects: Humans, Child, Animals, Child, Preschool, Wound Infection prevention & control, Wound Infection drug therapy, Mammals, Adolescent, Infant, Bites and Stings complications, Antibiotic Prophylaxis, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use
Abstract: Animal and human bites are a common reason for emergency consultation, especially in children. The most common complication of bite wounds is local infection. Systemic infections are much rarer. The key in reducing the risk of infection after a mammalian bite is local wound management with either primary or delayed closure. The benefit of administering prophylactic antibiotics is controversial.In this review, we provide a summary of the current evidence for the management of mammalian bites in children, including recommendations for appropriate investigations, wound management, administration of prophylactic and therapeutic antibiotics and the prevention of systemic infections., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
Published: 2024
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33. Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts Among Women Veterans Using VA Reproductive Health Care: Prevalence and Associations With Fertility-, Pregnancy- and Parenting-related Factors.

Author: Hoffmire CA, Kittel JA, Brenner LA, Schneider AL, Katon J, Miller C, and Monteith LL
Subjects: Humans, Female, Adult, United States epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Prevalence, Pregnancy, Middle Aged, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Reproductive Health Services statistics & numerical data, Fertility, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reproductive Health, Mental Health, Veterans psychology, Veterans statistics & numerical data, Suicidal Ideation, Suicide, Attempted statistics & numerical data, Parenting psychology
Abstract: Introduction: Women veterans are at elevated risk for suicide and experience a high prevalence of suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempt (SA) history. Knowledge regarding SI/SA correlates among women veterans who use reproductive health care services is limited, inhibiting development of evidence-based, gender-sensitive suicide prevention programming tailored to meet women veterans' needs and preferences. This study aimed to 1) describe the prevalence and characteristics of SI and SA among women veterans using Veterans Health Administration (VHA) reproductive health care services and 2) provide an initial exploration of associations between fertility-, pregnancy-, and parenting-related factors with SI and SA to guide future research., Methods: Post-9/11 women veterans (n = 352) who used VHA reproductive health care in fiscal year 2018 completed a cross-sectional survey on reproductive health, mental health, and parenting., Results: Approximately 30% and 12% experienced SI and SA(s), respectively, after military service; 10% reported past-month SI. Infertility, pregnancy loss, age at first pregnancy, and parental status were not significantly associated with SI or SA history, although notable effect sizes were observed for infertility and age at first pregnancy; further research is warranted. Among parents, parental functioning was not associated with SI/SA, but lower parental satisfaction was significantly associated with past-month SI (prevalence ratio, 3.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-9.46; adjusting for demographics, military characteristics, mental health symptoms)., Conclusions: Postmilitary SI and SA(s) are common among women veterans accessing VHA reproductive health care services. Those with low parental satisfaction may be at particularly high risk. Findings can guide future research and inform clinical care to facilitate suicide prevention., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)
Published: 2024
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34. Diagnostic utility of DNA methylation analysis in genetically unsolved pediatric epilepsies and CHD2 episignature refinement.

Author: LaFlamme CW, Rastin C, Sengupta S, Pennington HE, Russ-Hall SJ, Schneider AL, Bonkowski ES, Almanza Fuerte EP, Allan TJ, Zalusky MP, Goffena J, Gibson SB, Nyaga DM, Lieffering N, Hebbar M, Walker EV, Darnell D, Olsen SR, Kolekar P, Djekidel MN, Rosikiewicz W, McConkey H, Kerkhof J, Levy MA, Relator R, Lev D, Lerman-Sagie T, Park KL, Alders M, Cappuccio G, Chatron N, Demain L, Genevieve D, Lesca G, Roscioli T, Sanlaville D, Tedder ML, Gupta S, Jones EA, Weisz-Hubshman M, Ketkar S, Dai H, Worley KC, Rosenfeld JA, Chao HT, Neale G, Carvill GL, Wang Z, Berkovic SF, Sadleir LG, Miller DE, Scheffer IE, Sadikovic B, and Mefford HC
Subjects: Humans, Female, Child, Male, Child, Preschool, DNA-Binding Proteins genetics, Adolescent, Genetic Testing methods, Infant, DNA Methylation genetics, Epilepsy genetics, Epilepsy diagnosis, DNA Copy Number Variations genetics
Abstract: Sequence-based genetic testing identifies causative variants in ~ 50% of individuals with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs). Aberrant changes in DNA methylation are implicated in various neurodevelopmental disorders but remain unstudied in DEEs. We interrogate the diagnostic utility of genome-wide DNA methylation array analysis on peripheral blood samples from 582 individuals with genetically unsolved DEEs. We identify rare differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and explanatory episignatures to uncover causative and candidate genetic etiologies in 12 individuals. Using long-read sequencing, we identify DNA variants underlying rare DMRs, including one balanced translocation, three CG-rich repeat expansions, and four copy number variants. We also identify pathogenic variants associated with episignatures. Finally, we refine the CHD2 episignature using an 850 K methylation array and bisulfite sequencing to investigate potential insights into CHD2 pathophysiology. Our study demonstrates the diagnostic yield of genome-wide DNA methylation analysis to identify causal and candidate variants as 2% (12/582) for unsolved DEE cases., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2024
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35. Identifying and Predicting Subgroups of Veterans With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Based on Distinct Configurations of Postconcussive Symptom Endorsement: A Latent Class Analysis.

Author: Kinney AR, Schneider AL, King SE, Yan XD, Forster JE, Bahraini NH, and Brenner LA
Subjects: Humans, Female, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Adult, United States, Aged, Post-Concussion Syndrome diagnosis, Latent Class Analysis, Veterans, Brain Concussion
Abstract: Objective: To identify distinct subgroups of veterans with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) based on configurations of postconcussive symptom (PCS) endorsement, and to examine predictors of subgroup membership., Setting: Outpatient Veterans Health Administration (VHA)., Participants: Veterans with clinician-confirmed mTBI who completed the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI), determined using the Comprehensive Traumatic Brain Injury Evaluation database. Individuals who tended to overreport symptoms were excluded via an embedded symptom validity scale., Design: Retrospective cohort study leveraging national VHA clinical data from 2012 to 2020. Latent class analysis (LCA) with a split-sample cross-validation procedure was used to identify subgroups of veterans. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine predictors of subgroup membership., Main Measures: Latent classes identified using NSI items., Results: The study included 72 252 eligible veterans, who were primarily White (73%) and male (94%). The LCA supported 7 distinct subgroups of veterans with mTBI, characterized by diverging patterns of risk for specific PCS across vestibular (eg, dizziness), somatosensory (eg, headache), cognitive (eg, forgetfulness), and mood domains (eg, anxiety). The most prevalent subgroup was Global (20.7%), followed by Cognitive-Mood (16.3%), Headache-Cognitive-Mood (H-C-M; 16.3%), Headache-Mood (14.2%), Anxiety (13.8%), Headache-Sleep (10.3%), and Minimal (8.5%). The Global class was used as the reference class for multinomial logistic regression because it was distinguished from others based on elevated risk for PCS across all domains. Female (vs male), Black (vs White), and Hispanic veterans (vs non-Hispanic) were less likely to be members of most subgroups characterized by lesser PCS endorsement relative to the Global class (excluding Headache-Mood)., Conclusion: The 7 distinct groups identified in this study distill heterogenous patterns of PCS endorsement into clinically actionable phenotypes that can be used to tailor clinical management of veterans with mTBI. Findings reveal empirical support for potential racial, ethnic, and sex-based disparities in PCS among veterans, informing efforts aimed at promoting equitable recovery from mTBI in this population., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Published: 2024
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36. Comparison of different definitions of traumatic brain injury: implications for cohort characteristics and survival in women, Philadelphia, USA.

Author: D'Alonzo BA, Bretzin AC, Schneider AL, Morse RB, Canelón SP, Wiebe DJ, and Boland MR
Abstract: Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an acute injury that is understudied in civilian cohorts, especially among women, as TBI has historically been considered to be largely a condition of athletes and military service people. Both the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Department of Defense (DOD)/Veterans Affairs (VA) have developed case definitions to identify patients with TBI from medical records; however, their definitions differ. We sought to re-examine these definitions to construct an expansive and more inclusive definition among a cohort of women with TBI., Methods: In this study, we use electronic health records (EHR) from a single healthcare system to study the impact of using different case definitions to identify patients with TBI. Specifically, we identified adult female patients with TBI using the CDC definition, DOD/VA definition and a combined and expanded definition herein called the Penn definition., Results: We identified 4446 adult-female TBI patients meeting the CDC definition, 3619 meeting the DOD/VA definition, and together, 6432 meeting our expanded Penn definition that includes the CDC ad DOD/VA definitions., Conclusions: Using the expanded definition identified almost two times as many patients, enabling investigations to more fully characterise these patients and related outcomes. Our expanded TBI case definition is available to other researchers interested in employing EHRs to investigate TBI., Competing Interests: Competing interests: ALCS is an Associate Editor at Neurology. DJW provides consulting services on the topic of concussion/TBI epidemiology to the NCAA., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
Published: 2024
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37. Open Peer Review Reports: A Pilot Project in Neurology ®.

Author: Baskin PK, Barkhof F, Burch R, Callaghan BC, Ciccarelli O, Hedera P, Hershey LA, Jobst BC, Pieper KM, Quimby SL, Rahkola A, Schneider AL, Worrall BB, Wusthoff CJ, and Merino JG
Subjects: Humans, Pilot Projects, Neurology
Published: 2024
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38. IL-13 and IL-13-induced periostin levels are specifically decreased in patients following endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis.

Author: Harmon R, Schneider AL, Bai J, Racette SD, Reddy AT, Huang JH, Lehmann DS, Price CPE, Rodeghiero S, Agarwal A, Eide JG, Dong S, Conley DB, Welch KC, Kern RC, Shintani-Smith S, Peters AT, Kato A, Stevens WW, Muhammad LN, Schleimer RP, and Tan BK
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Biomarkers blood, Chronic Disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Endoscopy, Mucus metabolism, Paranasal Sinuses surgery, Interleukin-13 blood, Nasal Polyps surgery, Nasal Polyps immunology, Periostin blood, Rhinosinusitis surgery
Abstract: Background: Type 2 (T2) inflammation plays a pathogenic role in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The effects of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) on T2 inflammation are unknown., Objective: The aim of this study was to compare T2 inflammatory biomarkers from middle meatal (MM) mucus for distinguishing patients with CRS from CRS-free patients, identifying major phenotypes (CRS without nasal polyps [CRSsNP] and CRS with nasal polyps [CRSwNP]), assessing endotypic change, and establishing cross-sectional and longitudinal outcomes in patients undergoing ESS., Methods: MM mucus samples were collected from patients with CRSsNP and patients with CRSwNP before and 6 to 12 months after ESS and compared with samples from CRS-free control patients. T2 biomarkers were evaluated both continuously and using threshold-based definitions of T2 endotype to identify relationships with patient-reported (based on the 22-Item Sinonasal Outcomes Test and Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patient-Reported Outcomes Measure) and clinician-reported (radiographic and endoscopic) severity. Linear mixed models were developed to analyze clinical variables associated with T2 biomarker levels., Results: A total of 154 patients with CRS (89 with CRSsNP and 65 with CRSwNP) were enrolled, with a mean interval of 9 months between ESS and follow-up. An analysis of pre-ESS MM mucus samples revealed elevated levels of T2 mediators in patients with CRSwNP versus in patients with CRSsNP and CRS-free controls. Temporally stable correlations between levels of IL-13 and IL-5, levels of periostin and complement 5a, and levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eotaxin-3 were observed. On this basis and on the basis of pathologic significance, levels of IL-13, periostin and ECP were further analyzed. After ESS, levels of IL-13 and periostin decreased significantly, whereas ECP levels remained unchanged. Across pre- and post-ESS evaluation, the T2 endotype was associated with radiographic severity but did not predict outcomes. CRSwNP status and African American race were associated with higher levels of IL-13 and periostin, whereas ECP level was higher in patients undergoing extensive surgery., Conclusion: ESS decreased levels of IL-13 and periostin in the middle meatus. T2 inflammation after ESS was correlated with patient- and clinician-reported severity across phenotypes. Pre-ESS T2 inflammation did not predict post-ESS outcomes., (Copyright © 2024 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2024
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39. Genotype-phenotype associations in 1018 individuals with SCN1A-related epilepsies.

Author: Gallagher D, Pérez-Palma E, Bruenger T, Ghanty I, Brilstra E, Ceulemans B, Chemaly N, de Lange I, Depienne C, Guerrini R, Mei D, Møller RS, Nabbout R, Regan BM, Schneider AL, Scheffer IE, Schoonjans AS, Symonds JD, Weckhuysen S, Zuberi SM, Lal D, and Brunklaus A
Subjects: Humans, Retrospective Studies, NAV1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel genetics, Phenotype, Genetic Association Studies, Mutation genetics, Epilepsy genetics, Epilepsy diagnosis, Epilepsies, Myoclonic genetics, Seizures, Febrile genetics, Status Epilepticus
Abstract: Objective: SCN1A variants are associated with epilepsy syndromes ranging from mild genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) to severe Dravet syndrome (DS). Many variants are de novo, making early phenotype prediction difficult, and genotype-phenotype associations remain poorly understood., Methods: We assessed data from a retrospective cohort of 1018 individuals with SCN1A-related epilepsies. We explored relationships between variant characteristics (position, in silico prediction scores: Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion (CADD), Rare Exome Variant Ensemble Learner (REVEL), SCN1A genetic score), seizure characteristics, and epilepsy phenotype., Results: DS had earlier seizure onset than other GEFS+ phenotypes (5.3 vs. 12.0 months, p < .001). In silico variant scores were higher in DS versus GEFS+ (p < .001). Patients with missense variants in functionally important regions (conserved N-terminus, S4-S6) exhibited earlier seizure onset (6.0 vs. 7.0 months, p = .003) and were more likely to have DS (280/340); those with missense variants in nonconserved regions had later onset (10.0 vs. 7.0 months, p = .036) and were more likely to have GEFS+ (15/29, χ 2 = 19.16, p < .001). A minority of protein-truncating variants were associated with GEFS+ (10/393) and more likely to be located in the proximal first and last exon coding regions than elsewhere in the gene (9.7% vs. 1.0%, p < .001). Carriers of the same missense variant exhibited less variability in age at seizure onset compared with carriers of different missense variants for both DS (1.9 vs. 2.9 months, p = .001) and GEFS+ (8.0 vs. 11.0 months, p = .043). Status epilepticus as presenting seizure type is a highly specific (95.2%) but nonsensitive (32.7%) feature of DS., Significance: Understanding genotype-phenotype associations in SCN1A-related epilepsies is critical for early diagnosis and management. We demonstrate an earlier disease onset in patients with missense variants in important functional regions, the occurrence of GEFS+ truncating variants, and the value of in silico prediction scores. Status epilepticus as initial seizure type is a highly specific, but not sensitive, early feature of DS., (© 2024 The Authors. Epilepsia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International League Against Epilepsy.)
Published: 2024
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40. Putative Mechanism of Action of Trazodone-Related Oromandibular Dyskinesia.

Author: Schneider AL
Abstract: This is a case report of three cases of trazodone-induced buccal-lingual dyskinesias. Each case demonstrated the distinct pattern of the development of this dyskinesia after trazodone exposure for several months. All cases showed abrupt cessation of the movement disorder when the drug was discontinued. One of the three cases demonstrated a highly unusual presentation of an on/off pattern of buccal dyskinesia directly related to repetitive exposure and termination of the drug trazodone. Two of the three cases had no prior exposure to any dopamine blocking agents. One of the three had a distant exposure to a dopamine antagonist. As opposed to other antidepressants, trazodone has a mechanism of action which can account for both the development and treatment of dyskinetic movements. Its metabolite, M/chlorophenylpiperazine (M-CPP) is a 5HT2C agonist capable of causing abnormal oral-facial movements in rodent models. The presence of oromandibular dyskinetic movements can occur spontaneously with age, with trazodone being a potential predisposing factor. This article will discuss proposed mechanisms for trazodone's action with an emphasis on case reports of dystonic movements., Competing Interests: The author declares that there are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Alan L. Schneider.)
Published: 2024
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41. voyAGEr, a free web interface for the analysis of age-related gene expression alterations in human tissues.

Author: Schneider AL, Martins-Silva R, Kaizeler A, Saraiva-Agostinho N, and Barbosa-Morais NL
Subjects: Humans, Gene Expression Regulation, Computational Biology, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Transcriptome, Gene Expression Profiling
Abstract: We herein introduce voyAGEr, an online graphical interface to explore age-related gene expression alterations in 49 human tissues. voyAGEr offers a visualisation and statistical toolkit for the finding and functional exploration of sex- and tissue-specific transcriptomic changes with age. In its conception, we developed a novel bioinformatics pipeline leveraging RNA sequencing data, from the GTEx project, encompassing more than 900 individuals. voyAGEr reveals transcriptomic signatures of the known asynchronous ageing between tissues, allowing the observation of tissue-specific age periods of major transcriptional changes, associated with alterations in different biological pathways, cellular composition, and disease conditions. Notably, voyAGEr was created to assist researchers with no expertise in bioinformatics, providing a supportive framework for elaborating, testing and refining their hypotheses on the molecular nature of human ageing and its association with pathologies, thereby also aiding in the discovery of novel therapeutic targets. voyAGEr is freely available at https://compbio.imm.medicina.ulisboa.pt/app/voyAGEr., Competing Interests: AS, RM, AK, NS, NB No competing interests declared, (© 2023, Schneider, Martins-Silva, Kaizeler et al.)
Published: 2024
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42. Delivery of bright light therapy within the Veterans Health Administration.

Author: Reis DJ, Schneider AL, King SE, Forster JE, and Bahraini NH
Subjects: Humans, United States, Veterans Health, Phototherapy, Mood Disorders, Retrospective Studies, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Seasonal Affective Disorder therapy, Veterans
Abstract: Background: Bright light therapy (BLT) is efficacious for seasonal and non-seasonal depression. However, the current state of BLT use in practice is unknown, impeding efforts to identify and address utilization gaps. This study's objective was to investigate BLT delivery in a nationwide U.S. healthcare system., Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of electronic medical records from all veterans who received outpatient mood disorder-related care in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) from October 2008 through September 2020. BLT delivery was measured through the placement of light box consults., Results: Of the 3,442,826 veterans who received outpatient mood disorder care, only 57,908 (1.68 %) received a light box consult. Consults increased by 548.44 % (99.9 % credible interval: 467.36 %, 638.74 %) over the timeframe and displayed a robust yearly cycle that peaked on either December 21st or December 22nd. Past mental health treatment for a mood disorder was associated with a higher probability of a consult (relative risk = 4.79, 99.9 % CI: 4.21, 5.60). There was low representation related to veteran age, gender, race, and ethnicity., Limitations: No information on patients who declined light boxes or actual light box use following consult placement., Conclusions: Outpatient BLT delivery for mood disorders in the VHA remains low, despite significant growth over the past decade. It also displays a strong seasonal rhythm that peaks on the winter solstice, suggesting a limited focus on seasonal depression and a suboptimal reactive approach to changing sunlight. Overall, there exists ample opportunity for novel implementation efforts aimed at increasing utilization of BLT., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no known conflicts of interest to disclose., (Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Published: 2024
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43. Trazodone-related oromandibular dyskinesia.

Author: Schneider AL
Abstract: This is a report of a series of three cases of trazodone-induced oral lingual dyskinesias. Each case demonstrated a distinct pattern of the development of this dyskinesia after trazodone exposure for several months. All cases showed abrupt cessation of the movement disorder when the drug was discontinued. Two of the three cases had no prior exposure to any dopamine-blocking agents. One of the three had a distant exposure to a dopamine antagonist. Trazodone has a mechanism of action that can account for both the development and treatment of dyskinetic movements. This article will discuss proposed mechanisms for trazodone's action with an emphasis on case reports of dystonic movements being more prevalent in the elderly., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2024 Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.)
Published: 2024
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44. Suicide Among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Veterans: Rates and Methods, 2005-2019.

Author: Monteith LL, Kittel JA, Schneider AL, Miller CN, Gaeddert LA, Holliday R, Brenner LA, and Hoffmire CA
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Retrospective Studies, United States epidemiology, Sex Factors, Suicide ethnology, Suicide statistics & numerical data, Veterans statistics & numerical data, Asian American Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander statistics & numerical data
Abstract: Introduction: Knowledge of suicide rates and methods among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) Veterans remains sparse. Age- and sex-specific suicide rates, methods, and trends were examined among AANHPI Veterans and were compared with findings reported for all Veterans., Methods: For this population-based retrospective cohort study, average annual suicide rates (2005-2019) were computed in 2023 using population (U.S. Veterans Eligibility Trends and Statistics) and mortality (National Death Index [NDI]) data. The cohort included 416,454 AANHPI Veterans (356,146 males, 60,229 females) separated from military service and alive as of 1/1/2005. Suicide was determined from NDI underlying cause-of-death ICD-10 codes., Results: The age-adjusted average annual suicide rate among AANHPI Veterans increased 36.85% from 2005-2009 to 2015-2019 (2015-2019: 30.97/100,000). Relative to other ages, 2015-2019 suicide rates were highest among AANHPI Veterans 18-34 (overall: 53.52/100,000; males: 58.82/100,000; females: 32.24/100,000) and exceeded those of similarly aged Veterans in the overall Veteran population (overall: 44.71/100,000; males: 50.59/100,000; females: 19.24/100,000). The sex difference in suicide rates was lower among AANHPI Veterans than in Veterans overall (relative risk [males to females]=1.65 and 2.33, among those 18-54). Firearms were used less and suffocation more among AANHPI Veterans, relative to Veterans overall., Conclusions: Suicide among AANHPI Veterans is an increasing public health concern, with younger males and females at particularly elevated risk. Lethal means safety strategies for AANHPI Veterans should consider distinctions in suicide methods compared to the overall Veteran population. Research is warranted to understand the lower magnitude sex difference in suicide rates among AANHPI Veterans., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)
Published: 2024
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45. Unmet Need for Outpatient Occupational Therapy Services Among Veterans With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in the Veterans Health Administration: The Role of Facility Characteristics.

Author: Kinney AR, Yan XD, Schneider AL, Rickles E, King SE, O'Donnell F, Forster JE, and Brenner LA
Subjects: Humans, United States, Veterans Health, Outpatients, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans, Brain Concussion, Occupational Therapy
Abstract: Objective: To investigate whether participation restrictions, an indicator of need for occupational therapy (OT), was associated with outpatient OT utilization in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) among Veterans with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), and whether this relation differs by facility characteristics., Design: In a secondary analysis of national VHA data, we used modified Poisson regression to model OT utilization (yes/no) as a function of participation restrictions (Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory Participation Index [M2PI]), facility characteristics, and covariates. Facility characteristics included complexity, geographic region, and self-reported access to specialty care. Covariates included prior OT utilization, sociodemographic factors, injury characteristics, and spatial access (eg, drive time). Interactions estimated whether the relation between participation restrictions and OT utilization differed across facility characteristics., Setting: Outpatient setting in the VHA., Participants: 8684 Veterans with a clinician-confirmed mTBI who received outpatient VHA care between 2012 and 2020 (N=8684)., Interventions: None., Main Outcome Measure(s): OT utilization was measured within a year of M2PI administration using VHA administrative data., Results: Many Veterans who did not receive OT reported participation limitations, indicating unmet need for OT (eg, 67% with leisure restrictions). Participation restrictions were associated with increased likelihood of receiving OT (risk ratio [RR]=1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.006-1.019), suggesting a tendency for Veterans' OT-related needs to be satisfied. However, interactions indicated that this was not the case among Veterans receiving care in lower complexity facilities, and those in the South. Veterans with longer drive times were less likely to receive OT (RR=0.82; 95% CI=0.744-0.904)., Conclusions: Participation restrictions were associated with OT utilization, yet many Veterans with mTBI who may have benefited did not receive such care. Specific barriers to accessing OT (eg, OT practitioner supply) should be investigated. Novel care models can ensure access to OT services among Veterans seeking care at less-resourced and/or geographically distant VHA facilities., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)
Published: 2023
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46. Identifying U.S. regions with the highest suicide rates and examining differences in suicide methods among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Veterans.

Author: Monteith LL, Kittel J, Miller C, Schneider AL, Holliday R, Gaeddert LA, Spark T, Brenner LA, and Hoffmire CA
Subjects: Humans, Asphyxia epidemiology, Retrospective Studies, Suicide Prevention, United States epidemiology, Wounds, Gunshot epidemiology, Adolescent, Young Adult, Adult, Asian American Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander psychology, Asian American Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander statistics & numerical data, Suicide ethnology, Suicide statistics & numerical data, Suicide trends, Veterans psychology, Veterans statistics & numerical data
Abstract: The suicide rate among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) Veterans increased from 2001 to 2020. Identifying regions where suicide rates are elevated and increasing among AANHPI Veterans would inform targeted prevention efforts for members of this cohort. We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study of 377,833 AANHPI Veterans to examine suicide rates and methods (2005-2019) by United States (US) region and over time (2005-2009, 2010-2014, 2015-2019), using US Veteran Eligibility Trends and Statistics and Joint DoD/VA Mortality Data Repository data. AANHPI Veterans across most regions experienced increases in suicide rates from the earliest to latest period; however, patterns differed by region. Age-adjusted suicide rates increased across all three periods among those in the Northeast and West, but increased, then declined in the Midwest and South. In 2015-2019, the age-adjusted suicide rate among AANHPI Veterans was highest in the Northeast (42.0 per 100,000) and lowest in the West (27.5). However, the highest percentages of AANHPI Veteran suicide deaths in 2005-2019 occurred in the West (39.5%) and South (34.7%), with lower percentages in the Midwest (15.0%) and Northeast (10.8%). Across regions, those ages 18-34 had the highest suicide rates. Firearms were the most frequently used suicide method across regions (44.4%-60.2%), except the Northeast (35.2%), where suffocation was more common (38.3%). Results suggest particular needs for suicide prevention efforts among AANHPI Veterans in the Northeast and to ensure that lethal means safety initiatives for AANHPI Veterans encompass both firearms and suffocation, with some variations in emphasis across regions., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest Authors were employed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) during the initial analysis and writing of this manuscript. Authors have received funding from the VA Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention (Monteith, Schneider, Miller, Gaeddert, Holliday, Spark, Brenner, Hoffmire), VA Health Services Research and Development (Monteith, Schneider, Miller, Gaeddert, Holliday, Spark, Brenner, Hoffmire), VA Rehabilitation Research and Development (Brenner), VA Office of Rural Health (Schneider, Brenner, Spark), VA National Center on Homelessness among Veterans (Holliday, Monteith, Brenner), VA National Center for Patient Safety (Monteith, Hoffmire), VA Office of Women’s Health (Monteith), VA Office of Health Equity (Holliday, Monteith), the National Institutes of Health (Brenner, Holliday, Hoffmire), the Department of Defense (Monteith, Holliday, Brenner, Hoffmire), the American Psychological Association (Monteith), and the State of Colorado (Brenner, Hoffmire). In her current employment with Westat, Dr. Spark has also received funding from the CDC and SAMHSA. Dr. Brenner also reports editorial remuneration from Wolters Kluwer, royalties from the American Psychological Association and Oxford University Press, and consults with sports leagues via her university affiliation., (Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Published: 2023
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47. Diagnostic Utility of Genome-wide DNA Methylation Analysis in Genetically Unsolved Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies and Refinement of a CHD2 Episignature.

Author: LaFlamme CW, Rastin C, Sengupta S, Pennington HE, Russ-Hall SJ, Schneider AL, Bonkowski ES, Almanza Fuerte EP, Galey M, Goffena J, Gibson SB, Allan TJ, Nyaga DM, Lieffering N, Hebbar M, Walker EV, Darnell D, Olsen SR, Kolekar P, Djekidel N, Rosikiewicz W, McConkey H, Kerkhof J, Levy MA, Relator R, Lev D, Lerman-Sagie T, Park KL, Alders M, Cappuccio G, Chatron N, Demain L, Genevieve D, Lesca G, Roscioli T, Sanlaville D, Tedder ML, Hubshman MW, Ketkar S, Dai H, Worley KC, Rosenfeld JA, Chao HT, Neale G, Carvill GL, Wang Z, Berkovic SF, Sadleir LG, Miller DE, Scheffer IE, Sadikovic B, and Mefford HC
Abstract: Sequence-based genetic testing currently identifies causative genetic variants in ∼50% of individuals with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs). Aberrant changes in DNA methylation are implicated in various neurodevelopmental disorders but remain unstudied in DEEs. Rare epigenetic variations ("epivariants") can drive disease by modulating gene expression at single loci, whereas genome-wide DNA methylation changes can result in distinct "episignature" biomarkers for monogenic disorders in a growing number of rare diseases. Here, we interrogate the diagnostic utility of genome-wide DNA methylation array analysis on peripheral blood samples from 516 individuals with genetically unsolved DEEs who had previously undergone extensive genetic testing. We identified rare differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and explanatory episignatures to discover causative and candidate genetic etiologies in 10 individuals. We then used long-read sequencing to identify DNA variants underlying rare DMRs, including one balanced translocation, three CG-rich repeat expansions, and two copy number variants. We also identify pathogenic sequence variants associated with episignatures; some had been missed by previous exome sequencing. Although most DEE genes lack known episignatures, the increase in diagnostic yield for DNA methylation analysis in DEEs is comparable to the added yield of genome sequencing. Finally, we refine an episignature for CHD2 using an 850K methylation array which was further refined at higher CpG resolution using bisulfite sequencing to investigate potential insights into CHD2 pathophysiology. Our study demonstrates the diagnostic yield of genome-wide DNA methylation analysis to identify causal and candidate genetic causes as ∼2% (10/516) for unsolved DEE cases.
Published: 2023
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48. The perceived impact of pandemic scale (PIPS): Initial development and examination among U.S. military veterans.

Author: Kittel JA, Monteith LL, Tock JL, Schneider AL, Holliday R, Barnes SM, and Hoffmire CA
Subjects: Humans, Pandemics, Reproducibility of Results, Surveys and Questionnaires, Psychometrics, Veterans, COVID-19 epidemiology
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant impacts, including increases in mental health problems, distress, interpersonal conflict, unemployment, loss of income, housing instability, and food insecurity. Veterans may be particularly vulnerable to such impacts given their burden of mental and physical health problems. Few existing measures assess pandemic impact, and none have been validated for use with Veterans. We developed such a measure (the Perceived Impact of the Pandemic Scale; PIPS) and examined its psychometric performance in a national sample of US Veterans. Survey data from 567 Veterans were collected between 12/2020 and 2/2021. To examine PIPS factor structure, split sample exploratory/confirmatory factor analyses (EFA/CFA) were conducted to identify and test the most plausible model among an initial set of 18 items. Based on tests of factor extraction and factor loadings, 15 items clearly loaded onto three distinct factors. Internal reliability of all factors was ω > 0.8 and CFA model fit was good (χ 2 (87) = 167.39, p < .001; SRMR = 0.068; RMSEA = 0.060 [95% CI: 0.05, 0.07], CFI = 0.92). Mean factor scores were significantly positively correlated with measures of depression and loneliness, and negatively correlated with perceived social support. Results suggest the PIPS assesses three internally reliable factors comprised of perceived impact of the pandemic on interpersonal relationships, financial impact, and personal health and well-being. Construct validity with US Veterans was supported. The PIPS may be useful for examining the potentially disparate impact of pandemics on different populations. Research is needed to validate the PIPS in non-Veteran populations., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest All authors were employed by the VA while writing this manuscript. Authors have received grant funding from the VA Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention (Monteith, Hoffmire, Holliday, Schneider, Barnes), VA Health Services Research and Development (Monteith, Hoffmire, Holliday, Schneider), VA Rehabilitation Research and Development (Barnes), VA Office of Clinical Science Research and Development (Barnes), VA Office of Rural Health (Monteith, Schneider), VA National Center on Homelessness among Veterans (Holliday, Monteith), VA National Center for Patient Safety (Monteith, Hoffmire), VA Office of Women’s Health (Monteith), the National Institutes of Health (Brenner, Hoffmire, Holliday), the Department of Defense (Monteith, Hoffmire, Holliday), the American Psychological Association (Monteith, Holliday), and the State of Colorado (Hoffmire). The other authors (Kittel, Tock) report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2023
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49. DNA selection by the master transcription factor PU.1.

Author: Terrell JR, Taylor SJ, Schneider AL, Lu Y, Vernon TN, Xhani S, Gumpper RH, Luo M, Wilson WD, Steidl U, and Poon GMK
Subjects: Phylogeny, Binding Sites, Trans-Activators metabolism, DNA metabolism
Abstract: The master transcriptional regulator PU.1/Spi-1 engages DNA sites with affinities spanning multiple orders of magnitude. To elucidate this remarkable plasticity, we have characterized 22 high-resolution co-crystallographic PU.1/DNA complexes across the addressable affinity range in myeloid gene transactivation. Over a purine-rich core (such as 5'-GGAA-3') flanked by variable sequences, affinity is negotiated by direct readout on the 5' flank via a critical glutamine (Q226) sidechain and by indirect readout on the 3' flank by sequence-dependent helical flexibility. Direct readout by Q226 dynamically specifies PU.1's characteristic preference for purines and explains the pathogenic mutation Q226E in Waldenström macroglobulinemia. The structures also reveal how disruption of Q226 mediates strand-specific inhibition by DNA methylation and the recognition of non-canonical sites, including the authentic binding sequence at the CD11b promoter. A re-synthesis of phylogenetic and structural data on the ETS family, considering the centrality of Q226 in PU.1, unifies the model of DNA selection by ETS proteins., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests U.S. has received research funding from GlaxoSmithKline, Bayer Healthcare, Aileron Therapeutics, and Novartis; has received compensation for consultancy services and for serving on scientific advisory boards from GlaxoSmithKline, Bayer Healthcare, Celgene, Aileron Therapeutics, Stelexis Therapeutics, and Pieris Pharmaceuticals; and has equity ownership in and is serving on the board of directors of Stelexis Therapeutics., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2023
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50. Military Sexual Trauma Among Women Veterans Using Veterans Health Administration Reproductive Health Care: Screening Challenges and Associations with Post-Military Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts.

Author: Monteith LL, Kittel JA, Schneider AL, Miller CN, Holliday R, Katon JG, Brenner LA, and Hoffmire CA
Subjects: Female, Humans, Suicide, Attempted psychology, Suicidal Ideation, Veterans Health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Military Sexual Trauma, Reproductive Health, Delivery of Health Care, Veterans psychology, Military Personnel psychology, Sex Offenses psychology
Abstract: Military sexual trauma (MST) is highly prevalent among women veterans. Research among MST survivors has focused on individuals receiving care in specific settings, such as mental health services. There is a dearth of knowledge regarding MST prevalence and associations in other settings commonly accessed by women veterans, including reproductive healthcare settings. We examined MST prevalence (overall, by MST type and extent of underreporting) and associations with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, among women veterans accessing Veterans Health Administration (VHA) reproductive health care. Our sample included 352 post-9/11 women veterans who used VHA reproductive health care in Fiscal Year (FY) 2018 and participated in a cross-sectional survey. Approximately 68.7% screened positive for MST, including 44.9% who reported experiencing military sexual assault. Notably, 30.8% reported MST on the survey, but had a negative MST screen for their most recent MST screen in their VHA medical record. Both military sexual harassment and assault were associated with increased prevalence of experiencing suicidal ideation following military service; however, a significant association among military sexual harassment, past-month suicidal ideation, and post-military suicide attempts was not detected. Military sexual assault was uniquely associated with past-month suicidal ideation and post-military suicide attempts. As MST and underreporting are highly prevalent among women veterans using VHA reproductive health care, rescreening for MST within this population is essential. A trauma-informed approach is recommended irrespective of prior MST screening results and may facilitate suicide prevention in this population. Addressing barriers to MST disclosure and preventing MST and its sequelae remain critical.
Published: 2023
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