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Introduction: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a common condition encountered in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Different management protocols are currently available for haemodymanically stable patients but definitive recommendations is yet to be established, especially in developing countries with limited resources. Aim: To determine the outcome of EP in patients who are haemodynamically stable and to evaluate the factors that would predict success of specific management protocols in them. Methodology: Haemodynamically stable patients with HCG levels <1500 mIU/ml were recruited for expectant management, 1500–5000 mIU/ml were given MTX and those with >5000 mIU/ml were managed surgically. Results: The overall success rate for expectant management was 92.7% and that with MTX was 80%. Baseline HCG values was found to be the only significant factor for predictor of success of treatment in the expectant group (P 0.05). The size of mass seen on USG did not have a significant correlation with beta HCG values (P 0.257). Conclusion: Of all the predictors for success of treatment that have been studied, the initial HCG value alone remains of paramount importance. Women with initial values of HCG <1500 mIU/ml can be offered expectant management, with a much better assurance of success for those with values <1000 mIU/ml. Those with values <5000 mIU/ml can be given MTX, with single dose being sufficient most often for <3000 mIU/ml. The presence of fluid restricted to the pelvis on USG can be managed non-surgically. One should not opt for surgical management only on the basis of size of the adnexal mass on USG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Of Review: To review the current evidence of the safety and efficacy of the use of oral agents for treatment of gestational diabetes (GDM).Recent Findings: The use of metformin and glyburide in pregnancy for treatment of GDM has dramatically increased since the early 2000s. Meta-analyses suggest that glyburide may increase the risk for large for gestational (LGA) infants and neonatal hypoglycemia. Conversely, metformin may potentially decrease rates of pregnancy-induced hypertension, LGA, neonatal hypoglycemia, and maternal weight gain. However, recent long-term offspring studies indicate a potential detrimental effect of metformin on fat mass that suggests an effect of such medication on fetal programming. While there have been several novel oral anti-diabetes medications brought to market in the past decade, there is minimal data to guide use and in particular data regarding long-term safety for the exposed offspring of treated women. Most professional societies recommend insulin as first-line treatment of gestational diabetes after failure of lifestyle modification. Both metformin and glyburide cross the placenta and long-term safety data is limited. However, patient satisfaction is substantially higher with use of oral agents, and the current literatures suggest that metformin may reduce several common short-term adverse outcomes related to GDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]