Search

Your search keyword '"Ruth Boxall"' showing total 23 results
Start Over Author "Ruth Boxall" Publication Year Range Last 10 years
23 results on '"Ruth Boxall"'

1. One-size-fits-all versus risk-category-based screening interval strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention in Chinese adults: a prospective cohort studyResearch in context

Author

Zhijia Sun, Yu Ma, Canqing Yu, Dianjianyi Sun, Yuanjie Pang, Pei Pei, Ling Yang, Yiping Chen, Huaidong Du, Hao Zhang, Xiaoming Yang, Maxim Barnard, Robert Clarke, Junshi Chen, Zhengming Chen, Liming Li, Jun Lv, Rory Collins, Richard Peto, Robin Walters, Daniel Avery, Derrick Bennett, Lazaros Belbasis, Ruth Boxall, Ka Hung Chan, Charlotte Clarke, Johnathan Clarke, Ahmed Edris Mohamed, Hannah Fry, Simon Gilbert, Pek Kei Im, Andri Iona, Maria Kakkoura, Christiana Kartsonaki, Hubert Lam, Kuang Lin, James Liu, Mohsen Mazidi, Iona Millwood, Sam Morris, Qunhua Nie, Alfred Pozarickij, Maryanm Rahmati, Paul Ryder, Saredo Said, Dan Schmidt, Becky Stevens, Iain Turnbull, Baihan Wang, Lin Wang, Neil Wright, Pang Yao, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Qingmei Xia, Chao Liu, Lang Pan, Zengchang Pang, Ruqin Gao, Shanpeng Li, Haiping Duan, Shaojie Wang, Yongmei Liu, Ranran Du, Yajing Zang, Liang Cheng, Xiaocao Tian, Hua Zhang, Yaoming Zhai, Feng Ning, Xiaohui Sun, Feifei Li, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Wei Hou, Wei Sun, Shichun Yan, Xiaoming Cui, Chi Wang, Zhenyuan Wu, Yanjie Li, Quan Kang, Huiming Luo, Tingting Ou, Xiangyang Zheng, Zhendong Guo, Shukuan Wu, Yilei Li, Huimei Li, Ming Wu, Yonglin Zhou, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao, Jie Yang, Jian Su. Fang Liu, Jun Zhang, Yihe Hu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Shuo Zhang, Jianrong Jin, Jingchao Liu, Mei Lin, Zhenzhen Lu, Lifang Zhou, Changping Xie, Jian Lan, Tingping Zhu, Yun Liu, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Ningyu Chen, Yulu Qin, Sisi Wang, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaofang Chen, Xiaoyu Chang, Mingqiang Yuan, Xia Wu, Wei Jiang, Jiaqiu Liu, Qiang Sun, Faqing Chen, Xiaolan Ren, Caixia Dong, Hui Zhang, Enke Mao, Xiaoping Wang, Tao Wang, Xi Zhang, Kai Kang, Shixian Feng, Huizi Tian, Lei Fan, XiaoLin Li, Huarong Sun, Pan He, Xukui Zhang, Min Yu, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Xiaoyi Zhang, Yuan Cao, Kaixu Xie, Lingli Chen, Dun Shen, Xiaojun Li, Donghui Jin, Li Yin, Huilin Liu, Zhongxi Fu, Xin Xu, Jianwei Chen, Yuan Peng, Libo Zhang, and Chan Qu

Subjects
Cardiovascular disease, Screening, Primary prevention, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: In non-high-risk individuals, risk-category-based atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) screening strategies may be more cost-effective than one-size-fits-all approaches. However, current decisions are constrained by a lack of research evidence. We aimed to explore appropriate risk-category-based screening interval strategies for non-high-risk individuals in ASCVD primary prevention in the Chinese population. Methods: We used data from 28,624 participants in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) who had completed at least two field surveys. The risk assessment tools were the 10-year ASCVD risk prediction models developed based on the CKB cohort. We constructed multistate Markov models to model disease progression and estimate transition probabilities between different risk categories. The total person-years spent unidentified in the high-risk state over a 10-year period were calculated for each screening interval protocol. We also estimated the number of ASCVD events prevented, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained, and costs saved when compared to the 3-yearly screening protocol. Findings: When compared to the uniform 3-yearly protocol, most risk-category-based screening interval protocols would identify more high-risk individuals timely, thus preventing more ASCVD events and gaining QALYs. A few of them would reduce total health-care costs. The protocol, which used 6-year, 3-year, and 2-year screening intervals for low-risk, intermediate-low-risk, and intermediate-high risk individuals, was optimal, and would reduce the person-years spent unidentified in the high-risk category by 17.9% (95% CI: 13.1%–21.9%), thus preventing an estimated 113 thousand (95% CI: 83–138) hard ASCVD events for Chinese adults aged 30–79 over a 10-year period. When using a lower cost of statin therapy, more screening protocols would gain QALYs while saving costs. Interpretation: For the primary prevention of ASCVD, risk-category-based screening protocols outperformed the one-size-fits-all approach in the Chinese population. Funding: This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (82192904, 82388102, 82192900) and grants (2023YFC2509400) from the National Key R&D Program of China. The CKB baseline survey and the first re-survey were supported by a grant from the Kadoorie Charitable Foundation in Hong Kong. The long-term follow-up is supported by grants from the UK Wellcome Trust (212946/Z/18/Z, 202922/Z/16/Z, 104085/Z/14/Z, 088158/Z/09/Z), grants (2016YFC0900500) from the National Key R&D Program of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China (81390540, 91846303, 81941018), and Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (2011BAI09B01).

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Association between health insurance cost-sharing and choice of hospital tier for cardiovascular diseases in China: a prospective cohort studyResearch in context

Author

Muriel Levy, John Buckell, Robert Clarke, Nina Wu, Pei Pei, Dianjianyi Sun, Daniel Avery, Hua Zhang, Jun Lv, Canqing Yu, Liming Li, Zhengming Chen, Winnie Yip, Yiping Chen, Borislava Mihaylova, Junshi Chen, Rory Collins, Chen Wang, Richard Peto, Robin Walters, Maxim Barnard, Derrick Bennett, Ruth Boxall, Kahung Chan, Johnathan Clarke, Huaidong Du, Ahmed Edris Mohamed, Hannah Fry, Simon Gilbert, Pek Kei Im, Andri Iona, Maria Kakkoura, Christiana Kartsonaki, Hubert Lam, Kuang Lin, James Liu, Mohsen Mazidi, Iona Millwood, Sam Morris, Qunhua Nie, Alfred Pozaricki, Paul Ryder, Saredo Said, Dan Schmidt, Becky Stevens, Iain Turnbull, Baihan Wang, Lin Wang, Neil Wright, Ling Yang, Xiaoming Yang, Pang Yao, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Qingmei Xia, Chao Liu, Naying Chen, Duo Liu, Zhenzhu Tang, Ningyu Chen, Qilian Jiang, Jian Lan, Mingqiang Li, Yun Liu, Fanwen Meng, Jinhuai Meng, Rong Pan, Yulu Qin, Ping Wang, Sisi Wang, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Caixia Dong, Pengfei Ge, Xiaolan Ren, Zhongxiao Li, Enke Mao, Tao Wang, Hui Zhang, Xi Zhang, Jinyan Chen, Ximin Hu, Xiaohuan Wang, Zhendong Guo, Huimei Li, Yilei Li, Min Weng, Shukuan Wu, Shichun Yan, Mingyuan Zou, Xue Zhou, Ziyan Guo, Quan Kang, Yanjie Li, Bo Yu, Qinai Xu, Liang Chang, Lei Fan, Shixian Feng, Ding Zhang, Gang Zhou, Yulian Gao, Tianyou He, Pan He, Chen Hu, Huarong Sun, Xukui Zhang, Biyun Chen, Zhongxi Fu, Yuelong Huang, Huilin Liu, Qiaohua Xu, Li Yin, Huajun Long, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Libo Zhang, Jian Su, Ran Tao, Ming Wu, Jie Yang, Jinyi Zhou, Yonglin Zhou, Yihe Hu, Yujie Hua, Jianrong Jin, Fang Liu, Jingchao Liu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Jun Zhang, Liang Cheng, Ranran Du, Ruqin Gao, Feifei Li, Shanpeng Li, Yongmei Liu, Feng Ning, Zengchang Pang, Xiaohui Sun, Xiaocao Tian, Shaojie Wang, Yaoming Zhai, Wei Hou, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Xiaofang Chen, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaoyu Chang, Jianguo Li, Jiaqiu Liu, Guojin Luo, Qiang Sun, Xunfu Zhong, Weiwei Gong, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Meng Wang, Min Yu, Lingli Chen, Qijun Gu, Dongxia Pan, Chunmei Wang, Kaixu Xie, Xiaoyi Zhang, Hongyuan Chen, Liyang Liu, Haiyan Gou, Xun Wang, Jing Ding, Ning Zhang, Yueshi Mao, Shanshan Zhou, Lirong Jin, Xin Cheng, Yun Lu, Li Chen, Zilong Hao, Xiaona Xing, Lei Wang, Naixin Ju, Yiting Mao, Shuya Li, Peng Du, Deren Wang, Xiaojia Sun, Shihao You, Weizhi Wang, Yanmei Zhu, Xiaojiu Li, and Yi Dong

Subjects
Hospital type, Cardiovascular diseases, Healthcare seeking behaviour, China, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: Hospitals in China are classified into tiers (1, 2 or 3), with the largest (tier 3) having more equipment and specialist staff. Differential health insurance cost-sharing by hospital tier (lower deductibles and higher reimbursement rates in lower tiers) was introduced to reduce overcrowding in higher tier hospitals, promote use of lower tier hospitals, and limit escalating healthcare costs. However, little is known about the effects of differential cost-sharing in health insurance schemes on choice of hospital tiers. Methods: In a 9-year follow-up of a prospective study of 0.5 M adults from 10 areas in China, we examined the associations between differential health insurance cost-sharing and choice of hospital tiers for patients with a first hospitalisation for stroke or ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in 2009–2017. Analyses were performed separately in urban areas (stroke: n = 20,302; IHD: n = 19,283) and rural areas (stroke: n = 21,130; IHD: n = 17,890), using conditional logit models and adjusting for individual socioeconomic and health characteristics. Findings: About 64–68% of stroke and IHD cases in urban areas and 27–29% in rural areas chose tier 3 hospitals. In urban areas, higher reimbursement rates in each tier and lower tier 3 deductibles were associated with a greater likelihood of choosing their respective hospital tiers. In rural areas, the effects of cost-sharing were modest, suggesting a greater contribution of other factors. Higher socioeconomic status and greater disease severity were associated with a greater likelihood of seeking care in higher tier hospitals in urban and rural areas. Interpretation: Patient choice of hospital tiers for treatment of stroke and IHD in China was influenced by differential cost-sharing in urban areas, but not in rural areas. Further strategies are required to incentivise appropriate health seeking behaviour and promote more efficient hospital use. Funding: Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council, British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK, Kadoorie Charitable Foundation, China Ministry of Science and Technology, and National Natural Science Foundation of China.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Causal association between snoring and stroke: a Mendelian randomization study in a Chinese populationResearch in context

Author

Yunqing Zhu, Zhenhuang Zhuang, Jun Lv, Dianjianyi Sun, Pei Pei, Ling Yang, Iona Y. Millwood, Robin G. Walters, Yiping Chen, Huaidong Du, Xianping Wu, Dan Schmidt, Daniel Avery, Junshi Chen, Zhengming Chen, Liming Li, Canqing Yu, Robert Clarke, Rory Collins, Yu Guo, Richard Peto, Robin Walter, Derrick Bennett, Ruth Boxall, Sue Burgess, Ka Hung Chan, Yumei Chang, Johnathan Clarke, Ahmed Edris Mohamed, Zammy Fairhurst-Hunter, Hannah Fry, Mike Hill, Michael Holmes, Pek Kei Im, Andri Iona, Maria Kakkoura, Christiana Kartsonaki, Rene Kerosi, Kuang Lin, Mohsen Mazidi, Iona Millwood, Sam Morris, Qunhua Nie, Alfred Pozarickij, Paul Ryder, Saredo Said, Paul Sherliker, Becky Stevens, Iain Turnbull, Robin Walters, Lin Wang, Neil Wright, Xiaoming Yang, Pang Yao, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Chao Liu, Qingmei Xia, Zengchang Pang, Ruqin Gao, Shanpeng Li, Haiping Duan, Shaojie Wang, Yongmei Liu, Ranran Du, Yajing Zang, Liang Cheng, Xiaocao Tian, Hua Zhang, Yaoming Zhai, Feng Ning, Xiaohui Sun, Feifei Li, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Wei Hou, Wei Sun, Shichun Yan, Xiaoming Cui, Chi Wang, Zhenyuan Wu, Yanjie Li, Quan Kang, Huiming Luo, Tingting Ou, Xiangyang Zheng, Zhendong Guo, Shukuan Wu, Yilei Li, Huimei Li, Ming Wu, Yonglin Zhou, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao, Jie Yang, Jian Su, Fang Liu, Jun Zhang, Yihe Hu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Shuo Zhang, Jianrong Jin, Jingchao Liu, Mei Lin, Zhenzhen Lu, Lifang Zhou, Changping Xie, Jian Lan, Tingping Zhu, Yun Liu, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Ningyu Chen, Yulu Qin, Sisi Wang, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaofang Chen, Xiaoyu Chang, Mingqiang Yuan, Xia Wu, Wei Jiang, Jiaqiu Liu, Qiang Sun, Faqing Chen, Xiaolan Ren, Caixia Dong, Hui Zhang, Enke Mao, Xiaoping Wang, Tao Wang, Xi zhang, Kai Kang, Shixian Feng, Huizi Tian, Lei Fan, XiaoLin Li, Huarong Sun, Pan He, Xukui Zhang, Min Yu, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Xiaoyi Zhang, Yuan Cao, Kaixu Xie, Lingli Chen, Dun Shen, Xiaojun Li, Donghui Jin, Li Yin, Huilin Liu, Zhongxi Fu, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Jianwei Chen, Yuan Peng, Libo Zhang, and Chan Qu

Subjects
Snoring, Stroke, Body mass index, Mendelian randomization, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: Previous observational studies established a positive relationship between snoring and stroke. We aimed to investigate the causal effect of snoring on stroke. Methods: Based on 82,339 unrelated individuals with qualified genotyping data of Asian descent from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB), we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis of snoring and stroke. Genetic variants identified in the genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) of snoring in CKB and UK Biobank (UKB) were selected for constructing genetic risk scores (GRS). A two-stage method was applied to estimate the associations of the genetically predicted snoring with stroke and its subtypes. Besides, MR analysis among the non-obese group (body mass index, BMI

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Mortality and recurrent vascular events after first incident stroke: a 9-year community-based study of 0·5 million Chinese adults

Author

Yiping Chen, DPhil, Neil Wright, PhD, Yu Guo, MSc, Iain Turnbull, MRCP, Christiana Kartsonaki, DPhil, Ling Yang, PhD, Zheng Bian, MSc, Pei Pei, BSc, Dongxia Pan, MBBS, Yidan Zhang, BSc, Haiqiang Qin, MD, Yilong Wang, ProfMD, Jun Lv, ProfPhD, Ming Liu, MD, Zilong Hao, MD, Yongjun Wang, ProfMD, Canqing Yu, PhD, Richard Peto, ProfFRS, Rory Collins, ProfFRS, Liming Li, ProfMPH, Robert Clarke, ProfFRCP, Zhengming Chen, ProfDPhil, Yiping Chen, Neil Wright, Yu Guo, Iain Turnbull, Christiana Kartsonaki, Ling Yang, Zheng Bian, Pei Pei, Dongxia Pan, Yidan Zhang, Haiqiang Qin, Yilong Wang, Jun Lv, Ming Liu, Zilong Hao, Yongjun Wang, Canqing Yu, Richard Peto, Rory Collins, Liming Li, Robert Clarke, Zhengming Chen, Junshi Chen, Robin Walters, Daniel Avery, Derrick Bennett, Ruth Boxall, Fiona Bragg, Yumei Chang, Huaidong Du, Simon Gilbert, Alex Hacker, Michael Holmes, Rene Kerosi, Garry Lancaster, Kuang Lin, John McDonnell, Iona Millwood, Qunhua Nie, Paul Ryder, Sam Sansome, Dan Schmidt, Rajani Sohoni, Jenny Wang, Lin Wang, Xiaoming Yang, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Biao Jing, Chao Liu, Zengchang Pang, Ruqin Gao, Shanpeng Li, Shaojie Wang, Yongmei Liu, Ranran Du, Yajing Zang, Liang Cheng, Xiaocao Tian, Hua Zhang, Yaoming Zhai, Feng Ning, Xiaohui Sun, Feifei Li, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Wei Hou, Mingyuan Zeng, Ge Jiang, Xue Zhou, Liqiu Yang, Hui He, Bo Yu, Yanjie Li, Qinai Xu, Quan Kang, Ziyan Guo, Dan Wang, Ximin Hu, Hongmei Wang, Jinyan Chen, Yan Fu, Zhenwang Fu, Xiaohuan Wang, Min Weng, Zhendong Guo, Shukuan Wu, Yilei Li, Huimei Li, Zhifang Fu, Ming Wu, Yonglin Zhou, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao, Jie Yang, Jian Su, Fang Liu, Jun Zhang, Yihe Hu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Shuo Zhang, Jianrong Jin, Jingchao Liu, Zhenzhu Tang, Naying Chen, Ying Huang, Mingqiang Li, Jinhuai Meng, Rong Pan, Qilian Jiang, Jian Lan, Yun Liu, Liuping Wei, Ningyu Chen, Ping Wang, Fanwen Meng, Yulu Qin, Sisi Wang, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaofang Chen, Weiwei Zhou, Guojin Luo, Jianguo Li, Xunfu Zhong, Jiaqiu Liu, Qiang Sun, Pengfei Ge, Xiaolan Ren, Caixia Dong, Hui Zhang, Enke Mao, Xiaoping Wang, Tao Wang, Xi Zhang, Ding Zhang, Gang Zhou, Shixian Feng, Liang Chang, Lei Fan, Yulian Gao, Tianyou He, Huarong Sun, Pan He, Chen Hu, Xukui Zhang, Huifang Wu, Min Yu, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Yijian Qian, Chunmei Wang, Kaixu Xie, Lingli Chen, Zhongxi Fu, Qiaohua Xu, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Huajun Long, Xianzhi Li, Libo Zhang, and Zhe Qiu

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Despite considerable improvements in diagnosis and treatment, little is known about the short-term and long-term prognosis after a first stroke in low-income and middle-income countries, including China. We aimed to assess the short-term and long-term risk of recurrent stroke and mortality after a first stroke for each of the major pathological stroke types. Methods: This population-based cohort study included adults aged 35–74 years without disability who were recruited to the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB). A baseline survey was conducted in ten geographical areas (five urban, five rural) in China, and participants had clinical measurements recorded. Participants were followed up by monitoring death registries and by electronic linkage to health registries and health insurance claims databases, with follow-up until Jan 1, 2017. Participants were excluded from analyses if they had a previous history of stroke, transient ischaemic attack, or ischaemic heart disease at baseline. All incidences of fatal and non-fatal stroke during the study period were recorded by type (ischaemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage, and unspecified type). Primary outcome measures were 28-day mortality, recurrent stroke, major vascular events (recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, or vascular death), vascular mortality, and all-cause mortality. Findings: Of 512 715 individuals in the CKB, 489 586 participants without previous ischaemic heart disease and stroke at recruitment were included, of whom 45 732 (42 073 [92%] confirmed by brain imaging) had a stroke during the study period. The mean age was 59·3 years (SD 9·8) for participants who had a stroke (54% women) and 50·8 years (10·3) for participants with no stroke (60% women). 36 588 (80%) of the incident cases of stroke were ischaemic stroke, 7440 (16%) were intracerebral haemorrhage, 702 (2%) were subarachnoid haemorrhage, and 1002 (2%) were an unspecified stroke type. 28-day mortality was 3% (95% CI 3–4) for ischaemic stroke, 47% (46–48)for intracerebral haemorrhage, 19% (17–22; 52% for rural areas and 32% for urban areas) subarachnoid haemorrhage, and 24% (22–27) for unspecified stroke. Among participants who survived stroke at 28 days, 41% (41–42) had recurrent stroke at 5 years (ischaemic stroke 41% [41–42], intracerebral haemorrhage 44% [42–46], subarachnoid haemorrhage 22% [18–27], unspecified stroke type 40% [35–44]) and mortality at 5 years was 17% ([17–18] ischaemic stroke 16% [15–16], intracerebral haemorrhage 28% [26–29], subarachnoid haemorrhage 16% [12–20], unspecified stroke type 15% [12–19]). After a first ischaemic stroke, 91% of recurrent strokes were also ischaemic stroke; after an intracerebral haemorrhage, 56% of recurrent strokes were intracerebral haemorrhage, and 41% of recurrent strokes were ischaemic stroke. Interpretation: After a first stroke, the risk of recurrence or death within 5 years was high among this population of Chinese adults. Urgent improvements to secondary prevention of stroke in China are needed to reduce these risks. Funding: Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council, British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK, Kadoorie Charitable Foundation, Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, National Natural Science Foundation of China. Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Cooking fuels and risk of all-cause and cardiopulmonary mortality in urban China: a prospective cohort study

Author

Kuai Yu, PhD, Jun Lv, PhD, Gaokun Qiu, PhD, Canqing Yu, PhD, Yu Guo, MSc, Zheng Bian, MSc, Ling Yang, PhD, Yiping Chen, DPhil, Chaolong Wang, ProfPhD, An Pan, ProfPhD, Liming Liang, ProfPhD, Frank B Hu, ProfPhD, Zhengming Chen, ProfDPhil, Liming Li, ProfMPH, Tangchun Wu, ProfPhD, Junshi Chen, Zhengming Chen, Robert Clarke, Rory Collins, Yu Guo, Liming Li, Jun Lv, Richard Peto, Robin Walters, Daniel Avery, Ruth Boxall, Yumei Chang, Yiping Chen, Huaidong Du, Simon Gilbert, Alex Hacker, Mike Hill, Michael Holmes, Andri Iona, Christiana Kartsonaki, Rene Kerosi, Ling Kong, Om Kurmi, Garry Lancaster, Sarah Lewington, Kuang Lin, John McDonnell, Iona Millwood, Qunhua Nie, Jayakrishnan Radhakrishnan, Paul Ryder, Sam Sansome, Dan Schmidt, Paul Sherliker, Rajani Sohoni, Becky Stevens, Iain Turnbull, Jenny Wang, Lin Wang, Neil Wright, Ling Yang, Xiaoming Yang, Zheng Bian, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Pei Pei, Chao Liu, Yunlong Tan, Canqing Yu, Zengchang Pang, Ruqin Gao, Shanpeng Li, Shaojie Wang, Yongmei Liu, Ranran Du, Yajing Zang, Liang Cheng, Xiaocao Tian, Hua Zhang, Yaoming Zhai, Feng Ning, Xiaohui Sun, Feifei Li, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Wei Hou, Mingyuan Zeng, Ge Jiang, Xue Zhou, Liqiu Yang, Hui He, Bo Yu, Yanjie Li, Qinai Xu, Quan Kang, Ziyan Guo, Dan Wang, Ximin Hu, Hongmei Wang, Jinyan Chen, Yan Fu, Zhenwang Fu, Xiaohuan Wang, Min Weng, Zhendong Guo, Shukuan Wu, Yilei Li, Huimei Li, Zhifang Fu, Ming Wu, Yonglin Zhou, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao, Jie Yang, Jian Su, Fang Liu, Jun Zhang, Yihe Hu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Shuo Zhang, Jianrong Jin, Jingchao Liu, Zhenzhu Tang, Naying Chen, Ying Huang, Mingqiang Li, Jinhuai Meng, Rong Pan, Qilian Jiang, Jian Lan, Yun Liu, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Ningyu Chen, Ping Wang, Fanwen Meng, Yulu Qin, Sisi Wang, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaofang Chen, Weiwei Zhou, Guojin Luo, Jianguo Li, Xunfu Zhong, Jiaqiu Liu, Qiang Sun, Pengfei Ge, Xiaolan Ren, Caixia Dong, Hui Zhang, Enke Mao, Xiaoping Wang, Tao Wang, Xi Zhang, Ding Zhang, Gang Zhou, Shixian Feng, Liang Chang, Lei Fan, Yulian Gao, Tianyou He, Huarong Sun, Pan He, Chen Hu, Xukui Zhang, Huifang Wu, Min Yu, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Yijian Qian, Chunmei Wang, Kaixu Xie, Lingli Chen, Yidan Zhang, Dongxia Pan, Qijun Gu, Yuelong Huang, Biyun Chen, Li Yin, Huilin Liu, Zhongxi Fu, Qiaohua Xu, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Huajun Long, Xianzhi Li, Libo Zhang, and Zhe Qiu

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: Cooking practice has transitioned from use of solid fuels to use of clean fuels, with addition of better ventilation facilities. However, the change in mortality risk associated with such a transition remains unclear. Methods: The China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) Study enrolled participants (aged 30–79 years) from ten areas across China; we chose to study participants from five urban areas where transition from use of solid fuels to clean fuels for cooking was prevalent. Participants who reported regular cooking (weekly or more frequently) at baseline were categorised as persistent clean fuel users, previous solid fuel users, or persistent solid fuel users, according to self-reported fuel use histories. All-cause and cardiopulmonary mortality were identified through linkage to China's Disease Surveillance Point system and local mortality records. Findings: Between June 24, 2004, and July 15, 2008, 226 186 participants living in five urban areas of China were enrolled in the CKB Study. Among 171 677 participants who reported cooking regularly (weekly or more frequently), 75 785 (44%) were persistent clean fuel users, 80 511 (47%) were previous solid fuel users, and 15 381 (9%) were persistent solid fuel users. During a mean of 9·8 (SD 1·7) years of follow-up, 10 831 deaths were documented, including 3819 cardiovascular deaths and 761 respiratory deaths. Compared with persistent clean fuel users, persistent solid fuel users had significantly higher risks of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1·19, 95% CI 1·10–1·28), cardiovascular mortality (1·24, 1·10–1·39), and respiratory mortality (1·43, 1·10–1·85). The excess risk of all-cause and cardiopulmonary mortality fell by more than 60% in 5 years after cessation of solid fuel use and continued to decrease afterwards. Use of ventilation was associated with lower all-cause mortality risk, even among persistent clean fuel users (HR 0·78, 0·69–0·89). Interpretation: Solid fuel use for cooking is associated with a higher risk of mortality, and cessation of solid fuel use cuts excess mortality risks swiftly and substantially within 5 years. Ventilation use also lowers the risk of mortality, even among people who persistently use clean fuels. It is of prime importance for both policy makers and the public to accelerate the transition from solid fuels to clean fuels and promote efficient ventilation to minimise further adverse health effects. Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China, Wellcome Trust, and Kadoorie Charitable Foundation.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Adiposity and risk of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke in 0·5 million Chinese men and women: a prospective cohort study

Author

Zhengming Chen, ProfDPhil, Andri Iona, MSc, Sarah Parish, ProfDPhil, Yiping Chen, DPhil, Yu Guo, MSc, Fiona Bragg, DPhil, Ling Yang, PhD, Zheng Bian, MSc, Michael V Holmes, PhD, Sarah Lewington, DPhil, Ben Lacey, FFPH, Ruqin Gao, MSc, Fang Liu, MBBS, Zengzhi Zhang, MSc, Junshi Chen, ProfMD, Robin G Walters, PhD, Rory Collins, ProfFRS, Robert Clarke, ProfFRCP, Richard Peto, ProfFRS, Liming Li, ProfMPH, Junshi Chen, Zhengming Chen, Robert Clarke, Rory Collins, Yu Guo, Liming Li, Jun Lv, Richard Peto, Robin Walters, Daniel Avery, Derrick Bennett, Ruth Boxall, Fiona Bragg, Yumei Chang, Yiping Chen, Huaidong Du, Simon Gilbert, Alex Hacker, Michael Holmes, Andri Iona, Christiana Kartsonaki, Rene Kerosi, Om Kurmi, Sarah Lewington, Garry Lancaster, Kuang Lin, John McDonnell, Iona Millwood, Qunhua Nie, Jayakrishnan Radhakrishnan, Paul Ryder, Sam Sansome, Dan Schmidt, Paul Sherliker, Rajani Sohoni, Becky Stevens, Iain Turnbull, Jenny Wang, Lin Wang, Neil Wright, Ling Yang, Xiaoming Yang, Zheng Bian, Ge Chen, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Pei Pei, Shuzhen Qu, Yunlong Tan, Canqing Yu, Zengchang Pang, Ruqin Gao, Shaojie Wang, Yongmei Liu, Ranran Du, Yajing Zang, Liang Cheng, Xiaocao Tian, Hua Zhang, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Wei Hou, Jiyuan Yin, Ge Jiang, Xue Zhou, Liqiu Yang, Hui He, Bo Yu, Yanjie Li, Huaiyi Mu, Qinai Xu, Meiling Dou, Jiaojiao Ren, Shanqing Wang, Ximin Hu, Hongmei Wang, Jinyan Chen, Yan Fu, Zhenwang Fu, Xiaohuan Wang, Min Weng, Xiangyang Zheng, Yilei Li, Huimei Li, Yanjun Wang, Ming Wu, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao, Jie Yang, Chuanming Ni, Jun Zhang, Yihe Hu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Shuo Zhang, Jianrong Jin, Jingchao Liu, Zhenzhu Tang, Naying Chen, Ying Huang, Mingqiang Li, Jinhuai Meng, Rong Pan, Qilian Jiang, Weiyuan Zhang, Yun Liu, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Ningyu Chen, Hairong Guan, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaofang Chen, Xuefeng Tang, Guojin Luo, Jianguo Li, Xunfu Zhong, Jiaqiu Liu, Qiang Sun, Pengfei Ge, Xiaolan Ren, Caixia Dong, Hui Zhang, Enke Mao, Xiaoping Wang, Tao Wang, Xi Zhang, Ding Zhang, Gang Zhou, Shixian Feng, Liang Chang, Lei Fan, Yulian Gao, Tianyou He, Huarong Sun, Pan He, Chen Hu, Qiannan Lv, Xukui Zhang, Min Yu, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Yijian Qian, Chunmei Wang, Kaixue Xie, Lingli Chen, Yidan Zhang, Dongxia Pan, Yuelong Huang, Biyun Chen, Li Yin, Donghui Jin, Huilin Liu, Zhongxi Fu, Qiaohua Xu, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Youping Xiong, Huajun Long, Xianzhi Li, Libo Zhang, and Zhe Qiu

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: China has high stroke rates despite the population being relatively lean. Uncertainty persists about the relevance of adiposity to risk of stroke types. We aimed to assess the associations of adiposity with incidence of stroke types and effect mediation by blood pressure in Chinese men and women. Methods: The China Kadoorie Biobank enrolled 512 891 adults aged 30–79 years from ten areas (five urban and five rural) during 2004–08. During a median 9 years (IQR 8–10) of follow-up, 32 448 strokes (about 90% confirmed by neuroimaging) were recorded among 489 301 participants without previous cardiovascular disease. Cox regression analysis was used to produce adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for ischaemic stroke (n=25 210) and intracerebral haemorrhage (n=5380) associated with adiposity. Findings: Mean baseline body-mass index (BMI) was 23·6 kg/m2 (SD 3·2), and 331 723 (67·8%) participants had a BMI of less than 25 kg/m2. Throughout the range examined (mean 17·1 kg/m2 [SD 0·9] to 31·7 kg/m2 [2·0]), each 5 kg/m2 higher BMI was associated with 8·3 mm Hg (SE 0·04) higher systolic blood pressure. BMI was positively associated with ischaemic stroke, with an HR of 1·30 (95% CI 1·28–1·33 per 5 kg/m2 higher BMI), which was generally consistent with that predicted by equivalent differences in systolic blood pressure (1·25 [1·24–1·26]). The HR for intracerebral haemorrhage (1·11 [1·07–1·16] per 5 kg/m2 higher BMI) was less extreme, and much weaker than that predicted by the corresponding difference in systolic blood pressure (1·48 [1·46–1·50]). Other adiposity measures showed similar associations with stroke types. After adjustment for usual systolic blood pressure, the positive associations with ischaemic stroke were attenuated (1·05 [1·03–1·07] per 5 kg/m2 higher BMI); for intracerebral haemorrhage, they were reversed (0·73 [0·70–0·77]). High adiposity (BMI >23 kg/m2) accounted for 14·7% of total stroke (16·5% of ischaemic stroke and 6·7% of intracerebral haemorrhage). Interpretation: In Chinese adults, adiposity was strongly positively associated with ischaemic stroke, chiefly through its effect on blood pressure. For intracerebral haemorrhage, leanness, either per se or through some other factor (or factors), might increase risk, offsetting the protective effects of lower blood pressure. Funding: UK Wellcome Trust, UK Medical Research Council, British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK, Kadoorie Charitable Foundation, Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Chinese National Natural Science Foundation.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Age-specific association between blood pressure and vascular and non-vascular chronic diseases in 0·5 million adults in China: a prospective cohort study

Author

Ben Lacey, FFPH, Sarah Lewington, DPhil, Robert Clarke, ProfFRCP, Xiang Ling Kong, MSc, Yiping Chen, DPhil, Yu Guo, MSc, Ling Yang, PhD, Derrick Bennett, PhD, Fiona Bragg, DPhil, Zheng Bian, MSc, Shaojie Wang, MD, Hua Zhang, MD, Junshi Chen, ProfMD, Robin G Walters, PhD, Rory Collins, ProfFRS, Richard Peto, ProfFRS, Liming Li, ProfMPH, Zhengming Chen, ProfDPhil, Junshi Chen, Zhengming Chen, Robert Clarke, Rory Collins, Yu Guo, Liming Li, Jun Lv, Richard Peto, Robin Walters, Daniel Avery, Derrick Bennett, Ruth Boxall, Fiona Bragg, Yumei Chang, Yiping Chen, Huaidong Du, Simon Gilbert, Alex Hacker, Michael Holmes, Andri Iona, Christiana Kartsonaki, Rene Kerosi, Om Kurmi, Sarah Lewington, Garry Lancaster, Kuang Lin, John McDonnell, Iona Millwood, Qunhua Nie, Jayakrishnan Radhakrishnan, Paul Ryder, Sam Sansome, Dan Schmidt, Paul Sherliker, Rajani Sohoni, Becky Stevens, Iain Turnbull, Jenny Wang, Lin Wang, Neil Wright, Ling Yang, Xiaoming Yang, Zheng Bian, Ge Chen, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Pei Pei, Shuzhen Qu, Yunlong Tan, Canqing Yu, Zengchang Pang, Ruqin Gao, Shaojie Wang, Yongmei Liu, Ranran Du, Yajing Zang, Liang Cheng, Xiaocao Tian, Hua Zhang, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Wei Hou, Jiyuan Yin, Ge Jiang, Xue Zhou, Liqiu Yang, Hui He, Bo Yu, Yanjie Li, Huaiyi Mu, Qinai Xu, Meiling Dou, Jiaojiao Ren, Shanqing Wang, Ximin Hu, Hongmei Wang, Jinyan Chen, Yan Fu, Zhenwang Fu, Xiaohuan Wang, Min Weng, Xiangyang Zheng, Yilei Li, Huimei Li, Yanjun Wang, Ming Wu, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao, Jie Yang, Chuanming Ni, Jun Zhang, Yihe Hu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Shuo Zhang, Jianrong Jin, Jingchao Liu, Zhenzhu Tang, Naying Chen, Ying Huang, Mingqiang Li, Jinhuai Meng, Rong Pan, Qilian Jiang, Weiyuan Zhang, Yun Liu, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Ningyu Chen, Hairong Guan, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaofang Chen, Xuefeng Tang, Guojin Luo, Jianguo Li, Xunfu Zhong, Jiaqiu Liu, Qiang Sun, Pengfei Ge, Xiaolan Ren, Caixia Dong, Hui Zhang, Enke Mao, Xiaoping Wang, Tao Wang, Xi Zhang, Ding Zhang, Gang Zhou, Shixian Feng, Liang Chang, Lei Fan, Yulian Gao, Tianyou He, Huarong Sun, Pan He, Chen Hu, Qiannan Lv, Xukui Zhang, Min Yu, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Yijian Qian, Chunmei Wang, Kaixue Xie, Lingli Chen, Yidan Zhang, Dongxia Pan, Yuelong Huang, Biyun Chen, Li Yin, Donghui Jin, Huilin Liu, Zhongxi Fu, Qiaohua Xu, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Youping Xiong, Huajun Long, Xianzhi Li, Libo Zhang, and Zhe Qiu

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: The age-specific association between blood pressure and vascular disease has been studied mostly in high-income countries, and before the widespread use of brain imaging for diagnosis of the main stroke types (ischaemic stroke and intracerebral haemorrhage). We aimed to investigate this relationship among adults in China. Methods: 512 891 adults (59% women) aged 30–79 years were recruited into a prospective study from ten areas of China between June 25, 2004, and July 15, 2008. Participants attended assessment centres where they were interviewed about demographic and lifestyle characteristics, and their blood pressure, height, and weight were measured. Incident disease was identified through linkage to local mortality records, chronic disease registries, and claims to the national health insurance system. We used Cox regression analysis to produce adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) relating systolic blood pressure to disease incidence. HRs were corrected for regression dilution to estimate associations with long-term average (usual) systolic blood pressure. Findings: During a median follow-up of 9 years (IQR 8–10), there were 88 105 incident vascular and non-vascular chronic disease events (about 90% of strokes events were diagnosed using brain imaging). At ages 40–79 years (mean age at event 64 years [SD 9]), usual systolic blood pressure was continuously and positively associated with incident major vascular disease throughout the range 120–180 mm Hg: each 10 mm Hg higher usual systolic blood pressure was associated with an approximately 30% higher risk of ischaemic heart disease (HR 1·31 [95% CI 1·28–1·34]) and ischaemic stroke (1·30 [1·29–1·31]), but the association with intracerebral haemorrhage was about twice as steep (1·68 [1·65–1·71]). HRs for vascular disease were twice as steep at ages 40–49 years than at ages 70–79 years. Usual systolic blood pressure was also positively associated with incident chronic kidney disease (1·40 [1·35–1·44]) and diabetes (1·14 [1·12–1·15]). About half of all vascular deaths in China were attributable to elevated blood pressure (ie, systolic blood pressure >120 mm Hg), accounting for approximately 1 million deaths (

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Smoking and smoking cessation in relation to risk of diabetes in Chinese men and women: a 9-year prospective study of 0·5 million people

Author

Xin Liu, PhD, Fiona Bragg, DPhil, Ling Yang, PhD, Christiana Kartsonaki, DPhil, Yu Guo, MSc, Huaidong Du, PhD, Zheng Bian, MSc, Yiping Chen, DPhil, Canqing Yu, PhD, Jun Lv, ProfPhD, Kang Wang, BSc, Hua Zhang, MSc, Junshi Chen, ProfMD, Robert Clarke, ProfFRCP, Rory Collins, ProfFRS, Richard Peto, ProfFRS, Liming Li, ProfMPH, Zhengming Chen, ProfDPhil, Junshi Chen, Zhengming Chen, Robert Clarke, Rory Collins, Yu Guo, Liming Li, Jun Lv, Richard Peto, Robin Walters, Daniel Avery, Derrick Bennett, Ruth Boxall, Fiona Bragg, Yumei Chang, Yiping Chen, Huaidong Du, Simon Gilbert, Alex Hacker, Michael Holmes, Christiana Kartsonaki, Rene Kerosi, Garry Lancaster, Kuang Lin, John McDonnell, Iona Millwood, Qunhua Nie, Jayakrishnan Radhakrishnan, Paul Ryder, Sam Sansome, Dan Schmidt, Rajani Sohoni, Becky Stevens, Iain Turnbull, Jenny Wang, Lin Wang, Neil Wright, Ling Yang, Xiaoming Yang, Zheng Bian, Ge Chen, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Pei Pei, Shuzhen Qu, Yunlong Tan, Canqing Yu, Zengchang Pang, Ruqin Gao, Shaojie Wang, Yongmei Liu, Ranran Du, Yajing Zang, Liang Cheng, Xiaocao Tian, Hua Zhang, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Wei Hou, Jiyuan Yin, Ge Jiang, Xue Zhou, Liqiu Yang, Hui He, Bo Yu, Yanjie Li, Huaiyi Mu, Qinai Xu, Meiling Dou, Jiaojiao Ren, Shanqing Wang, Ximin Hu, Hongmei Wang, Jinyan Chen, Yan Fu, Zhenwang Fu, Xiaohuan Wang, Min Weng, Xiangyang Zheng, Yilei Li, Huimei Li, Yanjun Wang, Ming Wu, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao, Jie Yang, Chuanming Ni, Jun Zhang, Yihe Hu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Shuo Zhang, Jianrong Jin, Jingchao Liu, Zhenzhu Tang, Naying Chen, Ying Huang, Mingqiang Li, Jinhuai Meng, Rong Pan, Qilian Jiang, Weiyuan Zhang, Yun Liu, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Ningyu Chen, Hairong Guan, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaofang Chen, Xuefeng Tang, Guojin Luo, Jianguo Li, Xunfu Zhong, Jiaqiu Liu, Qiang Sun, Pengfei Ge, Xiaolan Ren, Caixia Dong, Hui Zhang, Enke Mao, Xiaoping Wang, Tao Wang, Xi Zhang, Ding Zhang, Gang Zhou, Shixian Feng, Liang Chang, Lei Fan, Yulian Gao, Tianyou He, Huarong Sun, Pan He, Chen Hu, Qiannan Lv, Xukui Zhang, Min Yu, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Yijian Qian, Chunmei Wang, Kaixue Xie, Lingli Chen, Yidan Zhang, Dongxia Pan, Yuelong Huang, Biyun Chen, Li Yin, Donghui Jin, Huilin Liu, Zhongxi Fu, Qiaohua Xu, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Youping Xiong, Huajun Long, Xianzhi Li, Libo Zhang, and Zhe Qiu

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: In developed countries, smoking is associated with increased risk of diabetes. Little is known about the association in China, where cigarette consumption has increased (first in urban, then in rural areas) relatively recently. Moreover, uncertainty remains about the effect of smoking cessation on diabetes in China and elsewhere. We aimed to assess the associations of smoking and smoking cessation with risk of incident diabetes among Chinese adults. Methods: The prospective China Kadoorie Biobank enrolled 512 891 adults (59% women) aged 30–79 years during 2004–08 from ten diverse areas (five urban and five rural) across China. Participants were interviewed at study assessment clinics, underwent physical measurements, and had a non-fasting blood sample taken. Participants were separated into four categories according to smoking history: never-smokers, ever-regular smokers, ex-smokers, and occasional smokers. Incident diabetes cases were identified through linkage with diabetes surveillance systems, the national health insurance system, and death registries. All analyses were done separately in men and women and Cox regression was used to yield adjusted hazards ratios (HRs) for diabetes associated with smoking. Findings: 68% (n=134 975) of men ever smoked regularly compared with 3% (n=7811) of women. During 9 years' follow-up, 13 652 new-onset diabetes cases were recorded among 482 589 participants without previous diabetes. Among urban men, smokers had an adjusted HR of 1·18 (95% CI 1·12–1·25) for diabetes. HRs increased with younger age at first smoking regularly (1·12, 1·20, and 1·27 at ≥25 years, 20–24 years, and

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Risks of Stroke and Heart Disease Following Hysterectomy and Oophorectomy in Chinese Premenopausal Women

Author

Michiel H.F. Poorthuis, Pang Yao, Yiping Chen, Yu Guo, Liya Shi, Liming Li, Zhengming Chen, Robert Clarke, Ling Yang, Junshi Chen, Rory Collins, Jun Lv, Richard Peto, Robin Walters, Daniel Avery, Derrick Bennett, Ruth Boxall, Fiona Bragg, Yumei Chang, Huaidong Du, Simon Gilbert, Alex Hacker, Michael Holmes, Christiana Kartsonaki, Rene Kerosi, Kuang Lin, Iona Millwood, Qunhua Nie, Paul Ryder, Sam Sansome, Dan Schmidt, Rajani Sohoni, Iain Turnbull, Lin Wang, Neil Wright, Xiaoming Yang, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Biao Jing, Chao Liu, Pei Pei, Yunlong Tan, Canqing Yu, Zengchang Pang, Ruqin Gao, Shanpeng Li, Shaojie Wang, Yongmei Liu, Ranran Du, Yajing Zang, Liang Cheng, Xiaocao Tian, Hua Zhang, Yaoming Zhai, Feng Ning, Xiaohui Sun, Feifei Li, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Wei Hou, Mingyuan Zeng, Ge Jiang, Xue Zhou, Liqiu Yang, Hui He, Bo Yu, Yanjie Li, Qinai Xu, Quan Kang, Ziyan Guo, Dan Wang, Ximin Hu, Hongmei Wang, Jinyan Chen, Yan Fu, Zhenwang Fu, Xiaohuan Wang, Min Weng, Zhendong Guo, Shukuan Wu, Yilei Li, Huimei Li, Zhifang Fu, Ming Wu, Yonglin Zhou, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao, Jie Yang, Jian Su, Fang Liu, Jun Zhang, Yihe Hu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Shuo Zhang, Jianrong Jin, Jingchao Liu, Zhenzhu Tang, Naying Chen, Ying Huang, Mingqiang Li, Jinhuai Meng, Rong Pan, Qilian Jiang, Jian Lan, Yun Liu, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Ningyu Chen, Ping Wang, Fanwen Meng, Yulu Qin, Sisi Wang, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaofang Chen, Weiwei Zhou, Guojin Luo, Jianguo Li, Xunfu Zhong, Jiaqiu Liu, Qiang Sun, Pengfei Ge, Xiaolan Ren, Caixia Dong, Hui Zhang, Enke Mao, Xiaoping Wang, Tao Wang, Xi Zhang, Ding Zhang, Gang Zhou, Shixian Feng, Liang Chang, Lei Fan, Yulian Gao, Tianyou He, Huarong Sun, Pan He, Chen Hu, Xukui Zhang, Huifang Wu, Min Yu, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Yijian Qian, Chunmei Wang, Kaixu Xie, Lingli Chen, Yidan Zhang, Dongxia Pan, Qijun Gu, Yuelong Huang, Biyun Chen, Li Yin, Huilin Liu, Zhongxi Fu, Qiaohua Xu, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Huajun Long, Xianzhi Li, Libo Zhang, Zhe Qiu, and Group, China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative

Subjects
Advanced and Specialized Nursing, China, Ovariectomy, Myocardial Ischemia, Hysterectomy, Stroke, Hemorrhagic Stroke, Cardiovascular Diseases, Risk Factors, Humans, Female, Neurology (clinical), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Ischemic Stroke
Abstract

Background: Little is known about the long-term risks of stroke and ischemic heart disease (IHD) in women who had a hysterectomy alone (HA) or with bilateral oophorectomy (HBO) for benign diseases, particularly in China where the burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is high. We assessed mean levels of cardiovascular risk factors and relative risks of stroke and IHD in Chinese women who had a HA or HBO. Methods: A total of 302 510 women, aged 30 to 79 years were enrolled in the China Kadoorie Biobank from 2004 to 2008 and followed up for a mean of 9.8 years. The analysis involved premenopausal women without prior cardiovascular disease or cancer at enrollment. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios for incident cases of CVD and their pathological types (ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and IHD) after HA and HBO. Analyses were stratified by age and region and adjusted for levels of education, household income, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, self-reported health, and number of pregnancies. Results: Among 282 722 eligible women, 8478 had HA, and 1360 had HBO. Women who had HA had 9% higher risk of CVD after HA (hazard ratio, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.06–1.12]) and 19% higher risk of CVD after HBO (1.19 [95% CI, 1.12–1.26]) compared with women who did not. Both HA and HBO were associated with higher risks of ischemic stroke and IHD but not with hemorrhagic stroke. The relative risks of CVD associated with HA and HBO were more extreme at younger age of surgery. Conclusions: Women who had either HA or HBO have higher risks of ischemic stroke and IHD, and these risks should be evaluated when discussing these interventions. Additional screening for risk factors for CVD should be considered in women following HA and HBO operations, especially if such operations are performed at younger age.

Published
2022

10. Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Incidence of Esophageal Cancer: A Prospective Study of 0.5 Million Chinese Adults

Author

Dong Sun, Cong Liu, Yunqing Zhu, Canqing Yu, Yu Guo, Dianjianyi Sun, Yuanjie Pang, Pei Pei, Huaidong Du, Ling Yang, Yiping Chen, Xia Meng, Yang Liu, Jun Zhang, Dan Schmidt, Daniel Avery, Junshi Chen, Zhengming Chen, Jun Lv, Haidong Kan, Liming Li, Robert Clarke, Rory Collins, Richard Peto, Robin Walters, Derrick Bennett, Ruth Boxall, Sue Burgess, Ka Hung Chan, Yumei Chang, Johnathan Clarke, Ahmed Edris Mohamed, Zammy Fairhurst-Hunter, Hannah Fry, Simon Gilbert, Alex Hacker, Mike Hill, Michael Holmes, Pek Kei Im, Andri Iona, Maria Kakkoura, Christiana Kartsonaki, Rene Kerosi, Kuang Lin, Mohsen Mazidi, Iona Millwood, Sam Morris, Qunhua Nie, Alfred Pozarickij, Paul Ryder, Saredo Said, Sam Sansome, Paul Sherliker, Rajani Sohoni, Becky Stevens, Iain Turnbull, Lin Wang, Neil Wright, Xiaoming Yang, Pang Yao, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Chao Liu, Qingmei Xia, Zengchang Pang, Ruqin Gao, Shanpeng Li, Haiping Duan, Shaojie Wang, Yongmei Liu, Ranran Du, Yajing Zang, Liang Cheng, Xiaocao Tian, Hua Zhang, Yaoming Zhai, Feng Ning, Xiaohui Sun, Feifei Li, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Wei Hou, Wei Sun, Shichun Yan, Xiaoming Cui, Chi Wang, Zhenyuan Wu, Yanjie Li, Quan Kang, Huiming Luo, Tingting Ou, Xiangyang Zheng, Zhendong Guo, Shukuan Wu, Yilei Li, Huimei Li, Ming Wu, Yonglin Zhou, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao, Jie Yang, Jian Su, Fang Liu, Yihe Hu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Shuo Zhang, Jianrong Jin, Jingchao Liu, Mei Lin, Zhenzhen Lu, Lifang Zhou, Changping Xie, Jian Lan, Tingping Zhu, Yun Liu, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Ningyu Chen, Yulu Qin, Sisi Wang, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaofang Chen, Xiaoyu Chang, Mingqiang Yuan, Xia Wu, Wei Jiang, Jiaqiu Liu, Qiang Sun, Faqing Chen, Xiaolan Ren, Caixia Dong, Hui Zhang, Enke Mao, Xiaoping Wang, Tao Wang, Xi Zhang, Kai Kang, Shixian Feng, Huizi Tian, Lei Fan, XiaoLin Li, Huarong Sun, Pan He, Xukui Zhang, Min Yu, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Xiaoyi Zhang, Yuan Cao, Kaixu Xie, Lingli Chen, Dun Shen, Xiaojun Li, Donghui Jin, Li Yin, Huilin Liu, Zhongxi Fu, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Jianwei Chen, Yuan Peng, Libo Zhang, and Chan Qu

Subjects
Hepatology, Gastroenterology
Published
2023

11. Tobacco smoking and risks of more than 470 diseases in China: a prospective cohort study

Author

Ka Hung Chan, Neil Wright, Dan Xiao, Yu Guo, Yiping Chen, Huaidong Du, Ling Yang, Iona Y Millwood, Pei Pei, Junzheng Wang, Iain Turnbull, Simon Gilbert, Daniel Avery, Christiana Kartsonaki, Canqing Yu, Junshi Chen, Jun Lv, Robert Clarke, Rory Collins, Richard Peto, Liming Li, Chen Wang, Zhengming Chen, Derrick Bennett, Ruth Boxall, Sushila Burgess, Peter Ka Hung Chan, Johnathan Clarke, Ahmed Edris Mohamed, Hannah Fry, Mike Hill, Becky Pek Kei Im, Andri Iona, Maria Kakkoura, Hubert Lam, Kuang Lin, Mohsen Mazidi, Sam Morris, Qunhua Nie, Alfred Pozarickij, Paul Ryder, Saredo Said, Dan Schmidt, Paul Sherliker, Rebecca Stevens, Robin Walters, Lin Wang, Xiaoming Yang, Pang Yao, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Qingmei Xia, Chao Liu, Naying Chen, Duo Liu, Zhenzhu Tang, Ningyu Chen, Qilian Jiang, Jian Lan, Mingqiang Li, Yun Liu, Fanwen Meng, Jinhuai Meng, Rong Pan, Yulu Qin, Ping Wang, Sisi Wang, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Caixia Dong, Pengfei Ge, Xiaolan Ren, Zhongxiao Li, Enke Mao, Tao Wang, Hui Zhang, Xi Zhang, Jinyan Chen, Ximin Hu, Xiaohuan Wang, Zhendong Guo, Huimei Li, Yilei Li, Min Weng, Shukuan Wu, Shichun Yan, Mingyuan Zou, Xue Zhou, Ziyan Guo, Quan Kang, Yanjie Li, Bo Yu, Qinai Xu, Liang Chang, Lei Fan, Shixian Feng, Ding Zhang, Gang Zhou, Yulian Gao, Tianyou He, Pan He, Chen Hu, Huarong Sun, Xukui Zhang, Biyun Chen, Zhongxi Fu, Yuelong Huang, Huilin Liu, Qiaohua Xu, Li Yin, Huajun Long, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Libo Zhang, Jian Su, Ran Tao, Ming Wu, Jie Yang, Jinyi Zhou, Yonglin Zhou, Yihe Hu, Yujie Hua, Jianrong Jin, Fang Liu, Jingchao Liu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Jun Zhang, Liang Cheng, Ranran Du, Ruqin Gao, Feifei Li, Shanpeng Li, Yongmei Liu, Feng Ning, Zengchang Pang, Xiaohui Sun, Xiaocao Tian, Shaojie Wang, Yaoming Zhai, Hua Zhang, Wei Hou, Silu Lv, Xiaofang Chen, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Weiwei Zhou, Jianguo Li, Jiaqiu Liu, Guojin Luo, Qiang Sun, Xunfu Zhong, Weiwei Gong, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Meng Wang, Min Yu, Lingli Chen, Qijun Gu, Dongxia Pan, Chunmei Wang, Kaixu Xie, Xiaoyi Zhang, and group, China Kadoorie Biobank collaborative

Subjects
Adult, Male, Aged, 80 and over, China, Cost of Illness, Smoking, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Tobacco Smoking, Humans, Female, Prospective Studies, Middle Aged, Aged
Abstract

Background Tobacco smoking is estimated to account for more than 1 million annual deaths in China, and the epidemic continues to increase in men. Large nationwide prospective studies linked to different health records can help to periodically assess disease burden attributed to smoking. We aimed to examine associations of smoking with incidence of and mortality from an extensive range of diseases in China. Methods We analysed data from the prospective China Kadoorie Biobank, which recruited 512 726 adults aged 30–79 years, of whom 210 201 were men and 302 525 were women. Participants who had no major disabilities were identified through local residential records in 100–150 administrative units, which were randomly selected by use of multistage cluster sampling, from each of the ten diverse study areas of China. They were invited and recruited between June 25, 2004, and July 15, 2008. Upon study entry, trained health workers administered a questionnaire assessing detailed smoking behaviours and other key characteristics (eg, sociodemographics, lifestyle, and medical history). Participants were followed up via electronic record linkages to death and disease registries and health insurance databases, from baseline to Jan 1, 2018. During a median 11-year follow-up (IQR 10–12), 285 542 (55·7%) participants were ever hospitalised, 48 869 (9·5%) died, and 5252 (1·0%) were lost to follow-up during the age-at-risk of 35–84 years. Cox regression yielded hazard ratios (HRs) associating smoking with disease incidence and mortality, adjusting for multiple testing. Findings At baseline, 74·3% of men and 3·2% of women (overall 32·4%) ever smoked regularly. During follow-up, 1 137 603 International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10)-coded incident events occurred, involving 476 distinct conditions and 85 causes of death, each with at least 100 cases. Compared with never-regular smokers, ever-regular smokers had significantly higher risks for nine of 18 ICD-10 chapters examined at age-at-risk of 35–84 years. For individual conditions, smokers had significantly higher risks of 56 diseases (50 for men and 24 for women) and 22 causes of death (17 for men and nine for women). Among men, ever-regular smokers had an HR of 1·09 (95% CI 1·08–1·11) for any disease incidence when compared with never-regular smokers, and significantly more episodes and longer duration of hospitalisation, particularly those due to cancer and respiratory diseases. For overall mortality, the HRs were greater in men from urban areas than in men from rural areas (1·50 [1·42–1·58] vs 1·25 [1·20–1·30]). Among men from urban areas who began smoking at younger than 18 years, the HRs were 2·06 (1·89–2·24) for overall mortality and 1·32 (1·27–1·37) for any disease incidence. In this population, 19·6% of male (24·3% of men residing in urban settings and 16·2% of men residing in rural settings) and 2·8% of female deaths were attributed to ever-regular smoking. Interpretation Among Chinese adults, smoking was associated with higher risks of morbidity and mortality from a wide range of diseases. Among men, the future smoking-attributed disease burden will increase further, highlighting a pressing need for reducing consumption through widespread cessation and uptake prevention. Funding British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK, Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, Kadoorie Charitable Foundation, UK Medical Research Council, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Wellcome Trust.

Published
2022

12. Response to comment on 'Evaluating the cardiovascular safety of sclerostin inhibition using evidence from meta-analysis of clinical trials and human genetics'

Author

Kristi Krebs, Jenny C Censin, Sara L. Pulit, Ruth Boxall, Iona Y Millwood, Teresa Ferreira, Chia-Yen Chen, Robin G. Walters, Reedik Mägi, Benjamin M. Neale, Kuang Lin, Liming Li, Jonas Bovijn, Lili Milani, Samantha Laber, Craig A. Glastonbury, George Davey Smith, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Zhengming Chen, and Michael V. Holmes

Subjects
Cardiovascular safety, business.industry, MEDLINE, Human Genetics, General Medicine, Bioinformatics, Human genetics, Clinical trial, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Cardiovascular Diseases, Meta-analysis, Medicine, Sclerostin, Humans, business
Abstract

Triangulation of evidence from clinical trials and human genetics suggests a potential excess risk of cardiovascular disease events arising from therapeutic inhibition of sclerostin.

Published
2021

13. New genetic signals for lung function highlight pathways and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associations across multiple ancestries

Author

Phuwanat Sakornsakolpat, James F. Wilson, María Soler Artigas, Beate Stubbe, Nicholas J. Wareham, James D. Crapo, Victoria E. Jackson, Eleftheria Zeggini, Olga G. Troyanskaya, Medea Imboden, A. Mesut Erzurumluoglu, Adam S. Butterworth, Carl A. Melbourne, Ian Sayers, Lars Lind, Stefan Weiss, Margaret M. Parker, Timmers Prhj, Edwin K. Silverman, John C. Whittaker, Ian P. Hall, Ozren Polasek, Mika Kähönen, Katherine A. Fawcett, Anna Hansell, Liming Li, David J. Porteous, Louise V. Wain, Robert A. Scott, Richard Packer, Richard J. Allen, Robin G Walters, Anna L. Guyatt, Terho Lehtimäki, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Shona M. Kerr, Christian Gieger, Matthias Wielscher, Rajesh Rawal, Jing Hua Zhao, John E. Hokanson, Holger Schulz, Nicola F. Reeve, Claudia Langenberg, Ke Hao, Corry-Anke Brandsma, Megan L. Paynton, Vitart, Dmitry Prokopenko, Jennie Hui, Eugene R. Bleecker, Ma'en Obeidat, John Danesh, Ralf Ewert, Benjamin B. Sun, Frank Dudbridge, Jian Zhou, Brian D. Hobbs, Blair H. Smith, Don D. Sin, Dawn L. DeMeo, Joseph C. Maranville, Ida Surakka, Alison Catherine Murray, Nicholas Locantore, Katherine A. Kentistou, Terri H. Beaty, Igor Rudan, Kuang Lin, Amund Gulsvik, Ian J. Deary, Ruth Tal-Singer, Kijoung Song, David C. Nickle, Michael H. Cho, Jian'an Luan, Joshua D. Hoffman, Georg Homuth, Zhengming Chen, Dandi Qiao, Heiko Runz, Per Bakke, Chiara Batini, Caroline Hayward, Stefan Karrasch, Alan James, Andrew P. Morris, Prescott G. Woodruff, Laura M Yerges Armstrong, David Sparrow, Ulf Gyllensten, James P. Cook, Jonathan Marten, Olli T. Raitakari, Nick Shrine, Deborah A. Meyers, Tobin, Ruth Boxall, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, David P. Strachan, Sarah E. Harris, Philippe Joubert, Stefan Enroth, Xingnan Li, van den Berge M, Anubha Mahajan, Yohan Bossé, Peter K. Joshi, Shrine, Nick [0000-0003-3641-4371], Guyatt, Anna L [0000-0003-1860-6337], Hobbs, Brian D [0000-0001-9564-0745], Sakornsakolpat, Phuwanat [0000-0002-4308-0974], Obeidat, Ma'en [0000-0002-5443-2752], Weiss, Stefan [0000-0002-3553-4315], Kentistou, Katherine A [0000-0002-5816-664X], Sun, Benjamin B [0000-0001-6347-2281], Enroth, Stefan [0000-0002-5056-9137], Vitart, Veronique [0000-0002-4991-3797], Allen, Richard J [0000-0002-8450-3056], Beaty, Terri H [0000-0002-7644-1705], Bossé, Yohan [0000-0002-3067-3711], Joshi, Peter K [0000-0002-6361-5059], Mahajan, Anubha [0000-0001-5585-3420], Murray, Alison [0000-0003-4915-4847], Porteous, David J [0000-0003-1249-6106], Sayers, Ian [0000-0001-5601-5410], Smith, Blair H [0000-0002-5362-9430], Tal-Singer, Ruth [0000-0002-5275-8062], Timmers, Paul RHJ [0000-0002-5197-1267], Troyanskaya, Olga G [0000-0002-5676-5737], Rudan, Igor [0000-0001-6993-6884], Wilson, James F [0000-0001-5751-9178], Zeggini, Eleftheria [0000-0003-4238-659X], Hayward, Caroline [0000-0002-9405-9550], Morris, Andrew P [0000-0002-6805-6014], Butterworth, Adam S [0000-0002-6915-9015], Walters, Robin G [0000-0002-9179-0321], Cho, Michael H [0000-0002-4907-1657], Strachan, David P [0000-0001-7854-1366], Tobin, Martin D [0000-0002-3596-7874], Wain, Louise V [0000-0003-4951-1867], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), UNIVERSITY OF OULU, and Commission of the European Communities

Subjects
Male, Smoking/genetics, LOCI, Genome-wide association study, VARIANTS, Bioinformatics, Genome-wide association studies, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, 0302 clinical medicine, Polymorphism (computer science), Risk Factors, GWAS, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, HERITABILITY, COPD, Lung, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics, Smoking, 1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Meta-analysis, Genome-Wide Association Study/methods, Medical genetics, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Understanding Society Scientific Group, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association, Aged, Respiratory tract diseases, Science & Technology, Case-control study, Lung/physiopathology, 06 Biological Sciences, medicine.disease, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/genetics, respiratory tract diseases, Case-Control Studies, 3111 Biomedicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Reduced lung function predicts mortality and is key to the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In a genome-wide association study in 400,102 individuals of European ancestry, we define 279 lung function signals, 139 of which are new. In combination, these variants strongly predict COPD in independent patient populations. Furthermore, the combined effect of these variants showed generalizability across smokers and never-smokers, and across ancestral groups. We highlight biological pathways, known and potential drug targets for COPD and, in phenome-wide association studies, autoimmune-related and other pleiotropic effects of lung function associated variants. This new genetic evidence has potential to improve future preventive and therapeutic strategies for COPD., Editorial summary: A genome-wide association study in over 400,000 individuals identifies 139 new signals for lung function. These variants can predict chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in independent, trans-ethnic cohorts.

Published
2019

14. Lifelong genetically lowered sclerostin and risk of cardiovascular disease

Author

Michael V. Holmes, Samantha Laber, Benjamin M. Neale, Jenny C Censin, Z Chen, Kuang Lin, Robin G. Walters, Kristi Krebs, Reedik Mägi, Jonas Bovijn, Iona Y. Millwood, Ruth Boxall, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Liheng Li, Lili Milani, Sara L. Pulit, Teresa Ferreira, Craig A. Glastonbury, and Chiao-Lin Chen

Subjects
0303 health sciences, business.industry, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Bioinformatics, Appendix, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Medicine, Sclerostin, business, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

BackgroundInhibition of sclerostin is a novel therapeutic approach to lowering fracture risk. However, phase III randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of romosozumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits sclerostin, suggest an imbalance of serious cardiovascular events.MethodsWe used two independent genetic variants (rs7209826 and rs188810925) in SOST (encoding sclerostin) associated with bone mineral density (BMD) as proxies for therapeutic inhibition of sclerostin. We estimated the effects on risk of osteoporosis, fracture, coronary heart disease (CHD) and a further 22 cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases, by combining data from up to 478,967 participants of European ancestry from three prospective cohorts and up to 1,030,836 participants from nine GWAS consortia. In addition, we performed meta-analyses of cardiovascular outcome data from phase III RCTs of romosozumab.ResultsMeta-analysis of RCTs identified a higher risk of cardiac ischemic events in patients randomised to romosozumab (25 events among 4,298 individuals; odds ratio [OR] 2·98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1·18 to 7·55; P=0·017). Scaled to the equivalent dose of romosozumab (210mg/month; 0·09 g/cm2 higher BMD), the SOST variants associated with lower risk of fracture (OR, 0·59; 95% CI, 0·54-0·66; P= 1·4×10−24), and osteoporosis (OR, 0·43; 95% CI, 0·36-0·52; P=2·4×10−18). The SOST variants associated with higher risk of myocardial infarction and/or coronary revascularisation (69,649 cases; OR, 1·18; 95% CI, 1·06-1·32; P=0·003) and type 2 diabetes (OR 1·15; 95% CI, 1·05-1·27; P=0·003), higher systolic blood pressure (1·3mmHg; 95% CI 0·8-1·9; P=5·9×10−6) and waist-to-hip-ratio adjusted for BMI (0·05 SDs; 95% CI, 0·02 to 0·08; P=8·5×10−4).ConclusionsGenetically and therapeutically lowered sclerostin leads to higher risk of cardiovascular events. Rigorous evaluation of the cardiovascular safety of romosozumab and other sclerostin inhibitors is warranted.

Published
2021

15. Association of heart rate and diabetes among 0.5 million adults in the China Kadoorie biobank: Results from observational and Mendelian randomization analyses

Author

Wenxiu Wang, Jingjia Wang, Jun Lv, Canqing Yu, Chunli Shao, Yida Tang, Yu Guo, Zheng Bian, Huaidong Du, Ling Yang, Iona Y. Millwood, Robin G. Walters, Yiping Chen, Liang Chang, Lei Fan, Junshi Chen, Zhengming Chen, Tao Huang, Liming Li, Robert Clarke, Rory Collins, Richard Peto, Robin Walters, Daniel Avery, Ruth Boxall, Derrick Bennett, Yumei Chang, Simon Gilbert, Alex Hacker, Mike Hill, Michael Holmes, Andri Iona, Christiana Kartsonaki, Rene Kerosi, Ling Kong, Om Kurmi, Garry Lancaster, Sarah Lewington, Kuang Lin, John McDonnell, Iona Millwood, Qunhua Nie, Jayakrishnan Radhakrishnan, Paul Ryder, Sam Sansome, Dan Schmidt, Paul Sherliker, Rajani Sohoni, Becky Stevens, Iain Turnbull, Jenny Wang, Lin Wang, Neil Wright, Xiaoming Yang, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Pei Pei, Chao Liu, Yunlong Tan, Zengchang Pang, Ruqin Gao, Shanpeng Li, Shaojie Wang, Yongmei Liu, Ranran Du, Yajing Zang, Liang Cheng, Xiaocao Tian, Hua Zhang, Yaoming Zhai, Feng Ning, Xiaohui Sun, Feifei Li, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Wei Hou, Mingyuan Zeng, Ge Jiang, Xue Zhou, Liqiu Yang, Hui He, Bo Yu, Yanjie Li, Qinai Xu, Quan Kang, Ziyan Guo, Dan Wang, Ximin Hu, Jinyan Chen, Yan Fu, Zhenwang Fu, Xiaohuan Wang, Min Weng, Zhendong Guo, Shukuan Wu, Yilei Li, Huimei Li, Zhifang Fu, Ming Wu, Yonglin Zhou, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao, Jie Yang, Jian Su, Fang liu, Jun Zhang, Yihe Hu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Shuo Zhang, Jianrong Jin, Jingchao Liu, Zhenzhu Tang, Naying Chen, Ying Huang, Mingqiang Li, Jinhuai Meng, Rong Pan, Qilian Jiang, Jian Lan, Yun Liu, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Ningyu Chen Ping Wang, Fanwen Meng, Yulu Qin, Sisi Wang, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaofang Chen, Weiwei Zhou, Guojin Luo, Jianguo Li, Xunfu Zhong, Jiaqiu Liu, Qiang Sun, Pengfei Ge, Xiaolan Ren, Caixia Dong, Hui Zhang, Enke Mao, Xiaoping Wang, Tao Wang, Xi zhang, Ding Zhang, Gang Zhou, Shixian Feng, Yulian Gao, Tianyou He, Huarong Sun, Pan He, Chen Hu, Xukui Zhang, Huifang Wu, Min Yu, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Yijian Qian, Chunmei Wang, Kaixu Xie, Lingli Chen, Yidan Zhang, Dongxia Pan, Qijun Gu, Yuelong Huang, Biyun Chen, Li Yin, Huilin Liu, Zhongxi Fu, Qiaohua Xu, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Huajun Long, Xianzhi Li, Libo Zhang, Zhe Qiu, and Group, China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, China, Diabetes risk, Time Factors, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Regression dilution, Medicine (miscellaneous), 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Heart Rate, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Heart rate, Mendelian randomization, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Risk factor, Aged, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Incidence, Hazard ratio, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

Background and aims Observational studies have associated resting heart rate with incident diabetes. Whether the associations are causal remains unclear. We aimed to examine the shape and strength of the associations and assessed the causal relevance of such associations in Chinese adults. Methods and results The China Kadoorie Biobank enrolled 512,891 adults in China. Cox proportional hazard regression models was conducted to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for the associations of resting heart rate with type 2 diabetes and total diabetes. Among 92,724 participants, 36 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to resting heart rate were used to construct genetic risk score. We used Mendelian randomization analyses to make the causal inferences. During a median follow-up of 9 years, 7872 incident type 2 diabetes and 13,349 incident total diabetes were documented. After regression dilution bias adjustment, each 10 bpm higher heart rate was associated with about a 26% higher risk of type 2 diabetes (HR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.23, 1.29]) and 23% higher risk of total diabetes (HR, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.20, 1.26]). Instrumental variable analyses showed participants at top quintile compared with those at bottom quintile had 30% higher risk for type 2 diabetes (HR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.17, 1.43]), and 10% higher risk for total diabetes (HR, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.02, 1.20]). Conclusions This study provides evidence that resting heart rate is an important risk factor for diabetes risk. The results suggest that novel treatment approaches targeting reduction of high heart rate for incidence of diabetes may be worth further investigation.

Published
2021

16. Evaluating the cardiovascular safety of sclerostin inhibition using evidence from meta-analysis of clinical trials and human genetics

Author

Zhengming Chen, Lili Milani, Kristi Krebs, Michael V. Holmes, Jenny C Censin, George Davey Smith, Chia-Yen Chen, Craig A. Glastonbury, Iona Y Millwood, Teresa Ferreira, Robin G. Walters, Reedik Mägi, Jonas Bovijn, Ruth Boxall, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Benjamin M. Neale, Sara L. Pulit, Liming Li, Samantha Laber, and Kuang Lin

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Bone density, Osteoporosis, Romosozumab, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Lower risk, Article, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, medicine, business.industry, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Meta-analysis, Sclerostin, business
Abstract

Inhibition of sclerostin is a therapeutic approach to lowering fracture risk in patients with osteoporosis. However, data from phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of romosozumab, a first-in-class monoclonal antibody that inhibits sclerostin, suggest an imbalance of serious cardiovascular events, and regulatory agencies have issued marketing authorizations with warnings of cardiovascular disease. Here we meta-analyze published and unpublished cardiovascular outcome trial data of romosozumab and investigate whether genetic variants that mimic therapeutic inhibition of sclerostin are associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease. Meta-analysis of up to three RCTs indicated a probable higher risk of cardiovascular events with romosozumab. Scaled to the equivalent dose of romosozumab [210 mg/month; 0.09 g/cm2 higher bone mineral density (BMD)], the SOST genetic variants were associated with lower risk of fracture and osteoporosis (commensurate with the therapeutic effect of romosozumab), and with a higher risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and/or coronary revascularization and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). The same variants were also associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and central adiposity. Taken together, our findings indicate that inhibition of sclerostin may elevate cardiovascular risk, warranting a rigorous evaluation of the cardiovascular safety of romosozumab and other sclerostin inhibitors.

Published
2020

17. Carotid Intima-Media Thickness but Not Carotid Artery Plaque in Healthy Individuals Is Linked to Lean Body Mass

Author

Matthew Arnold, Andrew Linden, Robert Clarke, Yu Guo, Huaidong Du, Zheng Bian, Eric Wan, Meng Yang, Liang Wang, Yuexin Chen, Jianwei Chen, Huajun Long, Qijun Gu, Rory Collins, Liming Li, Zhengming Chen, Sarah Parish, Junshi Chen, Jun Lv, Richard Peto, Robin Walters, Derrick Bennett, Ruth Boxall, Fiona Bragg, Yumei Chang, Yiping Chen, Simon Gilbert, Alex Hacker, Michael Holmes, Christiana Kartsonaki, Rene Kerosi, Garry Lancaster, Kuang Lin, John McDonnell, Iona Millwood, Qunhua Nie, Pang Yao, Paul Ryder, Sam Sansome, Dan Schmidt, Rajani Sohoni, Iain Turnbull, Jenny Wang, Lin Wang, Neil Wright, Ling Yang, Xiaoming Yang, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Biao Jing, Chao Liu, Pei Pei, Yunlong Tan, Canqing Yu, Ruqin Gao, Shanpeng Li, Shaojie Wang, Yongmei Liu, Ranran Du, Yajing Zang, Liang Cheng, Xiaocao Tian, Hua Zhang, Yaoming Zhai, Feng Ning, Xiaohui Sun, Feifei Li, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Wei Hou, Mingyuan Zeng, Ge Jiang, Liqiu Yang, Hui He, Bo Yu, Yanjie Li, Qinai Xu, Quan Kang, Dan Wang, Ximin Hu, Hongmei Wang, Jinyan Chen, Yan Fu, Zhenwang Fu, Xiaohuan Wang, Min Weng, Zhendong Guo, Shukuan Wu, Yilei Li, Huimei Li, Zhifang Fu, Ming Wu, Yonglin Zhou, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao, Jie Yang, Jian Su, Fang Liu, Jun Zhang, Yihe Hu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Shuo Zhang, Jianrong Jin, Jingchao Liu, Zhenzhu Tang, Naying Chen, Ying Huang, Mingqiang Li, Jinhuai Meng, Rong Pan, Qilian Jiang, Jian Lan, Yun Liu, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Ningyu Chen, Ping Wang, Fanwen Meng, Yulu Qin, Sisi Wang, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaofang Chen, Weiwei Zhou, Guojin Luo, Jianguo Li, Xunfu Zhong, Jiaqiu Liu, Qiang Sun, Pengfei Ge, Xiaolan Ren, Caixia Dong, Hui Zhang, Enke Mao, Xiaoping Wang, Tao Wang, Xi Zhang, Ding Zhang, Gang Zhou, Shixian Feng, Liang Chang, Lei Fan, Yulian Gao, Tianyou He, Huarong Sun, Pan He, Chen Hu, Xukui Zhang, Huifang Wu, Min Yu, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Yijian Qian, Chunmei Wang, Kaixu Xie, Lingli Chen, Yidan Zhang, Dongxia Pan, Yuelong Huang, Biyun Chen, Li Yin, Huilin Liu, Zhongxi Fu, Qiaohua Xu, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Xianzhi Li, Libo Zhang, Zhe Qiu, Arnold, Matthew [0000-0001-6339-1115], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Male, Race and Ethnicity, medicine.medical_specialty, lean body mass, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, carotid intima‐media thickness, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Left ventricular mass, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Thinness, Vascular Biology, Internal medicine, Ultrasound, medicine, Humans, Carotid Stenosis, cardiovascular diseases, Preventive Cardiology, Original Research, Ultrasonography, 2. Zero hunger, business.industry, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Primary Prevention, Carotid artery plaque, Intima-media thickness, Healthy individuals, Cardiology, Lean body mass, cardiovascular system, Body Composition, Female, atherosclerosis, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Wall thickness, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background Lean body mass has been identified as a key determinant of left ventricular mass and wall thickness. However, the importance of lean body mass or other body‐size measures as normative determinants of carotid intima‐media thickness ( cIMT ), a widely used early indicator of atherosclerosis, has not been well established. Methods and Results Carotid artery ultrasound measurements of cIMT and carotid artery plaque burden (derived from plaque number and maximum size) and measurements of body size, including height, body mass index, weight, body fat proportion, and lean body mass ([1−body fat proportion]×weight), were recorded in 25 020 participants from 10 regions of China. Analyses were restricted to a healthy younger subset (n=6617) defined as never or long‐term ex‐regular smokers aged cIMT , but was not associated with plaque burden: overall, each 10 kg higher lean body mass was associated with a 0.03 (95% CI , 0.03–0.04) mm higher cIMT ( P =5×10 −33 ). Fat mass, height, and other body‐size measures were more weakly associated with cIMT . Conclusions The strong association of lean body mass with cIMT, but not with plaque burden, in healthy adults suggests a normative relationship rather than reflecting atherosclerotic pathology. Common mechanisms may underlie the associations of lean body mass with cIMT and with nonatherosclerotic vascular traits.

Published
2019

18. Solid Fuel Use and Risks of Respiratory Diseases. A Cohort Study of 280,000 Chinese Never-Smokers

Author

Ka Hung Chan, Om P. Kurmi, Derrick A. Bennett, Ling Yang, Yiping Chen, Yunlong Tan, Pei Pei, Xunfu Zhong, Jianxin Chen, Jun Zhang, Haidong Kan, Richard Peto, Kin Bong Hubert Lam, Zhengming Chen, Junshi Chen, Robert Clarke, Rory Collins, Yu Guo, Liming Li, Jun Lv, Robin Walters, Daniel Avery, Derrick Bennett, Ruth Boxall, Yumei Chang, Huaidong Du, Simon Gilbert, Alex Hacker, Michael Holmes, Christiana Kartsonaki, Rene Kerosi, Garry Lancaster, Kuang Lin, John McDonnell, Iona Millwood, Qunhua Nie, Jayakrishnan Radhakrishnan, Paul Ryder, Sam Sansome, Dan Schmidt, Rajani Sohoni, Becky Stevens, Iain Turnbull, Jenny Wang, Lin Wang, Neil Wright, Xiaoming Yang, Zheng Bian, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Chao Liu, Biao Jing, Canqing Yu, Zengchang Pang, Ruqin Gao, Shanpeng Li, Shaojie Wang, Yongmei Liu, Ranran Du, Yajing Zang, Liang Cheng, Xiaocao Tian, Hua Zhang, Yaoming Zhai, Feng Ning, Xiaohui Sun, Feifei Li, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Wei Hou, Mingyuan Zeng, Ge Jiang, Xue Zhou, Liqiu Yang, Hui He, Bo Yu, Yanjie Li, Qinai Xu, Quan Kang, Ziyan Guo, Dan Wang, Ximin Hu, Hongmei Wang, Jinyan Chen, Yan Fu, Zhenwang Fu, Xiaohuan Wang, Min Weng, Zhendong Guo, Shukuan Wu, Yilei Li, Huimei Li, Zhifang Fu, Ming Wu, Yonglin Zhou, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao, Jie Yang, Jian Su, Fang Liu, Yihe Hu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Shuo Zhang, Jianrong Jin, Jingchao Liu, Zhenzhu Tang, Naying Chen, Ying Huang, Mingqiang Li, Jinhuai Meng, Rong Pan, Qilian Jiang, Jian Lan, Yun Liu, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Ningyu Chen, Ping Wang, Fanwen Meng, Yulu Qin, Sisi Wang, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaofang Chen, Weiwei Zhou, Guojin Luo, Jianguo Li, Jiaqiu Liu, Qiang Sun, Pengfei Ge, Xiaolan Ren, Caixia Dong, Hui Zhang, Enke Mao, Xiaoping Wang, Tao Wang, Xi Zhang, Ding Zhang, Gang Zhou, Shixian Feng, Liang Chang, Lei Fan, Yulian Gao, Tianyou He, Huarong Sun, Chen Hu, Xukui Zhang, Huifang Wu, Pan He, Min Yu, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Yijian Qian, Chunmei Wang, Kaixu Xie, Lingli Chen, Yidan Zhang, Dongxia Pan, Qijun Gu, Yuelong Huang, Biyun Chen, Li Yin, Huilin Liu, Zhongxi Fu, Qiaohua Xu, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Huajun Long, Xianzhi Li, Libo Zhang, and Zhe Qiu

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, China, Fossil Fuels, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Smoke, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cooking, Respiratory system, Aged, COPD, business.industry, Middle Aged, Solid fuel, medicine.disease, Respiration Disorders, 3. Good health, Never smokers, Coal, 030228 respiratory system, Air Pollution, Indoor, Emergency medicine, Female, business, Cohort study, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Rationale Little evidence from large-scale cohort studies exists about the relationship of solid fuel use with hospitalization and mortality from major respiratory diseases. Objectives To examine the associations of solid fuel use and risks of acute and chronic respiratory diseases. Methods A cohort study of 277,838 Chinese never-smokers with no prior major chronic diseases at baseline. During 9 years of follow-up, 19,823 first hospitalization episodes or deaths from major respiratory diseases, including 10,553 chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD), 4,398 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and 7,324 acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI), were recorded. Cox regression yielded adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for disease risks associated with self-reported primary cooking fuel use. Measurements and Main Results Overall, 91% of participants reported regular cooking, with 52% using solid fuels. Compared with clean fuel users, solid fuel users had an adjusted HR of 1.36 (95% confidence interval, 1.32–1.40) for major respiratory diseases, whereas those who switched from solid to clean fuels had a weaker HR (1.14, 1.10–1.17). The HRs were higher in wood (1.37, 1.33–1.41) than coal users (1.22, 1.15–1.29) and in those with prolonged use (≥40 yr, 1.54, 1.48–1.60; Conclusions Among Chinese adults, solid fuel use for cooking was associated with higher risks of major respiratory disease admissions and death, and switching to clean fuels or use of ventilated cookstoves had lower risk than not switching.

Published
2018

19. New genetic signals for lung function highlight pathways and pleiotropy, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associations across multiple ancestries

Author

Nick Shrine, Anna L Guyatt, A Mesut Erzurumluoglu, Victoria E Jackson, Brian D Hobbs, Carl Melbourne, Chiara Batini, Katherine A Fawcett, Kijoung Song, Phuwanat Sakornsakolpat, Xingnan Li, Ruth Boxall, Nicola F Reeve, Ma’en Obeidat, Jing Hua Zhao, Matthias Wielscher, Understanding Society Scientific Group, Stefan Weiss, Katherine A Kentistou, James P Cook, Benjamin B Sun, Jian Zhou, Jennie Hui, Stefan Karrasch, Medea Imboden, Sarah E Harris, Jonathan Marten, Stefan Enroth, Shona M Kerr, Ida Surakka, Veronique Vitart, Terho Lehtimäki, Richard J Allen, Per S Bakke, Terri H Beaty, Eugene R Bleecker, Yohan Bossé, Corry-Anke Brandsma, Zhengming Chen, James D Crapo, John Danesh, Dawn L DeMeo, Frank Dudbridge, Ralf Ewert, Christian Gieger, Amund Gulsvik, Anna L Hansell, Ke Hao, Josh D Hoffman, John Hokanson, Georg Homuth, Peter K Joshi, Philippe Joubert, Claudia Langenberg, Xuan Li, Liming Li, Kuang Lin, Lars Lind, Nick Locantore, Jian’an Luan, Anubha Mahajan, Joseph C Maranville, Alison Murray, David C Nickle, Richard Packer, Margaret M Parker, Megan L Paynton, David Porteous, Dmitry Prokopenko, Dandi Qiao, Rajesh Rawal, Heiko Runz, Ian Sayers, Don D Sin, Blair H Smith, María Soler Artigas, David Sparrow, Ruth Tal-Singer, Paul RHJ Timmers, Maarten Van den Berge, John C Whittaker, Prescott Woodruff, Laura M Yerges Armstrong, Olga G Troyanskaya, Olli T Raitakari, Mika Kähönen, Ozren Polasek, Ulf Gyllensten, Igor Rudan, Ian J Deary, Nicole M Probst-Hensch, Holger Schulz, Alan L James, James F Wilson, Beate Stubbe, Eleftheria Zeggini, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Nick Wareham, Edwin K Silverman, Caroline Hayward, Andrew P Morris, Adam S Butterworth, Robert A Scott, Robin G Walters, Deborah A Meyers, Michael H Cho, David P Strachan, Ian P Hall, Martin D Tobin, and Louise V Wain

Subjects
0303 health sciences, COPD, business.industry, Pulmonary disease, Bioinformatics, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, respiratory tract diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pleiotropy (drugs), Medicine, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Lung function, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic association
Abstract

Reduced lung function predicts mortality and is key to the diagnosis of COPD. In a genome-wide association study in 400,102 individuals of European ancestry, we define 279 lung function signals, one-half of which are new. In combination these variants strongly predict COPD in deeply-phenotyped patient populations. Furthermore, the combined effect of these variants showed generalisability across smokers and never-smokers, and across ancestral groups. We highlight biological pathways, known and potential drug targets for COPD and, in phenome-wide association studies, autoimmune-related and other pleiotropic effects of lung function associated variants. This new genetic evidence has potential to improve future preventive and therapeutic strategies for COPD.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Preliminary investigation of miRNA expression in individuals at high familial risk of bipolar disorder

Author

Rosie M. Walker, David J. Porteous, Helen S. Torrance, Susan Anderson, Kathryn L. Evans, Andrew M. McIntosh, Joanna Rybka, Jessika E. Sussmann, and Ruth Boxall

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Bipolar Disorder, Adolescent, Article, Young Adult, GABA, microRNA, medicine, Genetic predisposition, Humans, Bipolar disorder, Psychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), miRNA, Family Health, PI3K/Akt, Mechanism (biology), Biomarker, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Biomarker (cell), MicroRNAs, Psychiatry and Mental health, Gene Expression Regulation, Schizophrenia, Immunology, Female, Gene expression, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Mania
Abstract

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder characterised by recurrent episodes of mania and depression. Many studies have reported altered gene expression in BD, some of which may be attributable to the dysregulated expression of miRNAs. Studies carried out to date have largely studied medicated patients, so it is possible that observed changes in miRNA expression might be a consequence of clinical illness or of its treatment. We sought to establish whether altered miRNA expression might play a causative role in the development of BD by studying young, unmedicated relatives of individuals with BD, who are at a higher genetic risk of developing BD themselves (high-risk individuals). The expression of 20 miRNAs previously implicated in either BD or schizophrenia was measured by qRT-PCR in whole-blood samples from 34 high-risk and 46 control individuals. Three miRNAs, miR-15b, miR-132 and miR-652 were up-regulated in the high-risk individuals, consistent with previous reports of increased expression of these miRNAs in patients with schizophrenia. Our findings suggest that the altered expression of these miRNAs might represent a mechanism of genetic susceptibility for BD. Moreover, our observation of altered miRNA expression in the blood prior to the onset of illness provides hope that one day blood-based tests may aid in the risk-stratification and treatment of BD., Highlights • Measured miRNA expression in unmedicated relatives of bipolar disorder patients. • Identified miR-15b, miR-132 and miR-652 as being significantly up-regulated. • Identified known and predicted targets of these miRNAs. • Targets of these miRNAs are involved in functions implicated in bipolar disorder.

Published
2015

21. Association of CETP Gene Variants With Risk for Vascular and Nonvascular Diseases Among Chinese Adults

Author

Iona Y, Millwood, Derrick A, Bennett, Michael V, Holmes, Ruth, Boxall, Yu, Guo, Zheng, Bian, Ling, Yang, Sam, Sansome, Yiping, Chen, Huaidong, Du, Canqing, Yu, Alex, Hacker, Dermot F, Reilly, Yunlong, Tan, Michael R, Hill, Junshi, Chen, Richard, Peto, Hongbing, Shen, Rory, Collins, Robert, Clarke, Liming, Li, Robin G, Walters, and Zhengming, Chen

Subjects
Adult, Male, Genotype, Cholesterol, HDL, Myocardial Infarction, Urban Health, Correction, Cholesterol, LDL, Rural Health, Middle Aged, Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins, Stroke, Asian People, Gene Frequency, Cardiovascular Diseases, Loss of Function Mutation, Humans, Female, Prospective Studies, Aged
Abstract

Increasing levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol through pharmacologic inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is a potentially important strategy for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD).To use genetic variants in the CETP gene to assess potential risks and benefits of lifelong lower CETP activity on CVD and other outcomes.This prospective biobank study included 151 217 individuals aged 30 to 79 years who were enrolled from 5 urban and 5 rural areas of China from June 25, 2004, through July 15, 2008. All participants had baseline genotype data, 17 854 of whom had lipid measurements and 4657 of whom had lipoprotein particle measurements. Median follow-up of 9.2 years (interquartile range, 8.2-10.1 years) was completed January 1, 2016, through linkage to health insurance records and death and disease registries.Five CETP variants, including an East Asian loss-of-function variant (rs2303790), combined in a genetic score weighted to associations with HDL cholesterol levels.Baseline levels of lipids and lipoprotein particles, cardiovascular risk factors, incidence of carotid plaque and predefined major vascular and nonvascular diseases, and a phenome-wide range of diseases.Among the 151 217 individuals included in this study (58.4% women and 41.6% men), the mean (SD) age was 52.3 (10.9) years. Overall, the mean (SD) low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level was 91 (27) mg/dL; HDL cholesterol level, 48 (12) mg/dL. CETP variants were strongly associated with higher concentrations of HDL cholesterol (eg, 6.1 [SE, 0.4] mg/dL per rs2303790-G allele; P = 9.4 × 10-47) but were not associated with lower LDL cholesterol levels. Within HDL particles, cholesterol esters were increased and triglycerides reduced, whereas within very low-density lipoprotein particles, cholesterol esters were reduced and triglycerides increased. When scaled to 10-mg/dL higher levels of HDL cholesterol, the CETP genetic score was not associated with occlusive CVD (18 550 events; odds ratio [OR], 0.98; 95% CI, 0.91-1.06), major coronary events (5767 events; OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.95-1.22), myocardial infarction (3118 events; OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.97-1.35), ischemic stroke (13 759 events; OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.86-1.02), intracerebral hemorrhage (6532 events; OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.83-1.06), or other vascular diseases or carotid plaque. Similarly, rs2303790 was not associated with any vascular diseases or plaque. No associations with nonvascular diseases were found other than an increased risk for eye diseases with rs2303790 (4090 events; OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.13-1.80; P = .003).CETP variants were associated with altered HDL metabolism but did not lower LDL cholesterol levels and had no significant association with risk for CVD. These results suggest that in the absence of reduced LDL cholesterol levels, increasing HDL cholesterol levels by inhibition of CETP may not confer significant benefits for CVD.

Published
2017

22. Self-rated health status and risk of ischemic heart disease in the China Kadoorie Biobank study: a population based cohort study

Author

Wenhong Dong, Xiong‐Fei Pan, Canqing Yu, Jun Lv, Yu Guo, Zheng Bian, Ling Yang, Yiping Chen, Tangchun Wu, Zhengming Chen, An Pan, Liming Li, Junshi Chen, Rory Collins, Richard Peto, Daniel Avery, Ruth Boxall, Bennett Derrick, Yumei Chang, Robert Clarke, Huaidong Du, Simon Gilbert, Alex Hacker, Mike Hill, Michael Holmes, Andri Iona, Christiana Kartsonaki, Rene Kerosi, Ling Kong, Om Kurmi, Garry Lancaster, Sarah Lewington, Kuang Lin, John McDonnell, Iona Millwood, Qunhua Nie, Jayakrishnan Radhakrishnan, Sajjad Rafiq, Paul Ryder, Sam Sansome, Dan Schmidt, Paul Sherliker, Rajani Sohoni, Becky Stevens, Iain Turnbull, Robin Walters, Jenny Wang, Lin Wang, Neil Wright, Xiaoming Yang, Xiao Han, Can Hou, Pei Pei, Yunlong Tan, Zengchang Pang, Ruqin Gao, Shanpeng Li, Shaojie Wang, Yongmei Liu, Ranran Du, Yajing Zang, Liang Cheng, Xiaocao Tian, Hua Zhang, Yaoming Zhai, Feng Ning, Xiaohui Sun, Feifei Li, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Wei Hou, Mingyuan Zeng, Ge Jiang, Xue Zhou, Liqiu Yang, Hui He, Bo Yu, Yanjie Li, Qinai Xu, Quan Kang, Ziyan Guo, Dan Wang, Ximin Hu, Hongmei Wang, Jinyan Chen, Yan Fu, Zhenwang Fu, Xiaohuan Wang, Min Weng, Zhendong Guo, Shukuan Wu, Yilei Li, Huimei Li, Zhifang Fu, Ming Wu, Yonglin Zhou, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao, Jie Yang, Jian Su, Fang liu, Jun Zhang, Yihe Hu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Shuo Zhang, Jianrong Jin, Jingchao Liu, Zhenzhu Tang, Naying Chen, Ying Huang, Mingqiang Li, Jinhuai Meng, Rong Pan, Qilian Jiang, Jian Lan, Yun Liu, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Ningyu Chen, Ping Wang, Fanwen Meng, Yulu Qin, Sisi Wang, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaofang Chen, Weiwei Zhou, Guojin Luo, Jianguo Li, Xunfu Zhong, Jiaqiu Liu, Qiang Sun, Pengfei Ge, Xiaolan Ren, Caixia Dong, Hui Zhang, Enke Mao, Xiaoping Wang, Tao Wang, Xi zhang, Ding Zhang, Gang Zhou, Shixian Feng, Liang Chang, Lei Fan, Yulian Gao, Tianyou He, Huarong Sun, Pan He, Chen Hu, Xukui Zhang, Huifang Wu, Min Yu, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Yijian Qian, Chunmei Wang, Kaixu Xie, Lingli Chen, Yidan Zhang, Dongxia Pan, Qijun Gu, Yuelong Huang, Biyun Chen, Li Yin, Huilin Liu, Zhongxi Fu, Qiaohua Xu, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Huajun Long, Xianzhi Li, Libo Zhang, and Zhe Qiu

Subjects
Adult, Male, Gerontology, China, Time Factors, Epidemiology, Health Status, education, Myocardial Ischemia, Coronary Artery Disease, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, Population based cohort, 0302 clinical medicine, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Disease, cohort study, Humans, Medicine, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Life Style, Biological Specimen Banks, Original Research, Self-rated health, Chinese, business.industry, Incidence, Urban Health, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, ischemic heart disease, Biobank, body regions, self‐rated health status, Socioeconomic Factors, Population Surveillance, Female, Self Report, Medical emergency, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Ischemic heart, business, Cohort study
Abstract

Background Self‐rated health ( SRH ) is a strong predictor of mortality in different populations. However, the associations between SRH measures and risk of ischemic heart disease ( IHD ) have not been extensively explored, especially in a Chinese population. Methods and Results More than 500 000 adults from 10 cities in China were followed from baseline (2004–2008) through December 31, 2013. Global and age‐comparative SRH were reported from baseline questionnaires. Incident IHD cases were identified through links to well‐established disease registry systems and the national health insurance system. During 3 423 542 person‐years of follow‐up, we identified 24 705 incident cases of IHD . In multivariable‐adjusted models, both global and age‐comparative SRH was significantly associated with incident IHD . Compared with excellent SRH , the hazard ratios for good, fair, and poor SRH were 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.98–1.07), 1.32 (95% CI, 1.27–1.37), and 1.76 (95% CI, 1.68–1.85), respectively. Compared with better age‐comparative SRH , the hazard ratios for same and worse age‐comparative SRH were 1.23 (95% CI, 1.19–1.27) and 1.78 (95% CI, 1.70–1.86), respectively. The associations persisted in all subgroup analyses, although they were slightly modified by study location, education, and income levels. Conclusions A simple questionnaire for self‐assessment of health status was significantly associated with incident IHD in Chinese adults. Individuals and healthcare providers can use SRH measures as a convenient tool for assessing future IHD risk.

Published
2017

23. Adherence to healthy lifestyle and cardiovascular diseases in the Chinese population

Author

Jun Lv, Canqing Yu, Yu Guo, Zheng Bian, Ling Yang, Yiping Chen, Xuefeng Tang, Weiyuan Zhang, Yijian Qian, Yuelong Huang, Xiaoping Wang, Junshi Chen, Zhengming Chen, Lu Qi, Liming Li, Rory Collins, Richard Peto, Daniel Avery, Ruth Boxall, Derrick Bennett, Yumei Chang, Robert Clarke, Huaidong Du, Simon Gilbert, Alex Hacker, Michael Holmes, Andri Iona, Christiana Kartsonaki, Rene Kerosi, Ling Kong, Om Kurmi, Garry Lancaster, Sarah Lewington, Kuang Lin, John McDonnell, Winnie Mei, Iona Millwood, Qunhua Nie, Jayakrishnan Radhakrishnan, Sajjad Rafiq, Paul Ryder, Sam Sansome, Dan Schmidt, Paul Sherliker, Rajani Sohoni, Iain Turnbull, Robin Walters, Jenny Wang, Lin Wang, Xiaoming Yang, Ge Chen, Bingyang Han, Can Hou, Pei Pei, Shuzhen Qu, Yunlong Tan, Caning Yu, Haiyan Zhou, Zeng hang Pang, Ruin Gao, Shoji Wang, Yong-Mei Liu, Ran ran Du, Yajing Zang, Liang Cheng, Xiaocao Tian, Hua Zhang, Silu Lv, Junzheng Wang, Wei Hou, Jiyuan Yin, Ge Jiang, Xue Zhou, Liqiu Yang, Hui He, Bo Yu, Yanjie Li, Huaiyi Mu, Qinai Xu, Meiling Dou, Jiaojiao Ren, Shanqing Wang, Ximin Hu, Hongmei Wang, Jinyan Chen, Yan Fu, Zhenwang Fu, Xiaohuan Wang, Min Weng, Xiangyang Zheng, Yilei Li, Huimei Li, Yanjun Wang, Ming Wu, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao, Jie Yang, Chuanming Ni, Jun Zhang, Yihe Hu, Yan Lu, Liangcai Ma, Aiyu Tang, Shuo Zhang, Jianrong Jin, Jingchao Liu, Zhenzhu Tang, Naying Chen, Ying Huang, Mingqiang Li, Jinhuai Meng, Rong Pan, Qilian Jiang, Yun Liu, Liuping Wei, Liyuan Zhou, Ningyu Chen, Hairong Guan, Xianping Wu, Ningmei Zhang, Xiaofang Chen, Guojin Luo, Jianguo Li, Xunfu Zhong, Jiaqiu Liu, Qiang Sun, Pengfei Ge, Xiaolan Ren, Caixia Dong, Hui Zhang, Enke Mao, Tao Wang, Xi zhang, Ding Zhang, Gang Zhou, Shixian Feng, Liang Chang, Lei Fan, Yulian Gao, Tianyou He, Huarong Sun, Pan He, Chen Hu, Qiannan Lv, Xukui Zhang, Min Yu, Ruying Hu, Hao Wang, Chunmei Wang, Kaixue Xie, Lingli Chen, Yidan Zhang, Dongxia Pan, Biyun Chen, Li Yin, Donghui Jin, Huilin Liu, Zhongxi Fu, Qiaohua Xu, Xin Xu, Hao Zhang, Youping Xiong, Huajun Long, Xianzhi Li, Libo Zhang, and Zhe Qiu

Subjects
Gerontology, Adult, Male, China, Health Behavior, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Asian People, Environmental health, Diabetes mellitus, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Healthy Lifestyle, Aged, Chinese population, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Lifestyle factors, Cardiovascular Diseases, Red meat, Patient Compliance, Female, business, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Cohort study
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Adherence to a combination of healthy lifestyle factors has been related to a considerable reduction of cardiovascular risk in white populations; however, little is known whether such associations persist in nonwhite populations like the Asian population. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the associations of a combination of modifiable, healthy lifestyle factors with the risks of ischemic cardiovascular diseases and estimate the proportion of diseases that could potentially be prevented by adherence to these healthy lifestyle patterns. METHODS: This study examined the associations of 6 lifestyle factors with ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke (IS) in the China Kadoorie Biobank of 461,211 participants 30 to 79 years of age who did not have cardiovascular diseases, cancer, or diabetes at baseline. Low-risk lifestyle factors were defined as nonsmoking status or having stopped smoking for reasons other than illness, alcohol consumption of

Published
2017

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results