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14 results on '"Rueger, M A"'

2. First results from the operation of the prototype Tunka-HiSCORE array

Author

Berezhnev, S. F., Budnev, N. M., Büker, M., Brückner, M., Wischnewski, R., Gafarov, A. V., Gress, O. A., Gress, T., Dyachok, A. N., Epimakhov, S. N., Zagorodnikov, A. V., Zurbanov, V. L., Kalmykov, N. N., Karpov, N. I., Konstantinov, E. N., Korosteleva, E. E., Kozhin, V. A., Kunnas, M., Kuzmichev, L. A., Chiavassa, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B. K., Lubsandorzhiev, N. B., Mirgazov, R. R., Monkhoev, R. D., Nachtigall, R., Pakhorukov, A. L., Panasyuk, M. I., Pankov, L. V., Porelli, A., Poleshchuk, V. A., Popova, E. G., Prosin, V. V., Ptuskin, V. S., Rueger, M., Rubtsov, G. I., Semeney, Yu. A., Silaev, Sr, A. A., Silaev, Jr, A. A., Skurikhin, A. V., Sveshnikova, L. G., Tluczykont, M., Hampf, D., Horns, D., and Chvalaev, O. A.

Published
2015
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3. An analysis of the CatWalk XT and a composite score to assess neurofunctional deficits after photothrombosis in mice

Author

Baermann, J., Walter, H. L., Pikhovych, A., Endepols, H., Fink, G. R., Rueger, M. A., Schroeter, M., Baermann, J., Walter, H. L., Pikhovych, A., Endepols, H., Fink, G. R., Rueger, M. A., and Schroeter, M.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate CatWalk's capability for assessing the functional outcome after photothrombotic stroke affecting the motor cortex of mice. Mice were tested up to 21 days after photothrombosis or sham surgery using CatWalk, and a composite score assessing functional deficits (neuroscore). The neuroscore demonstrated deficits of the contralateral forelimb for more than two weeks after stroke. There were no asymmetric or coordinative dysfunctions of limbs detected by CatWalk. However, CatWalk data revealed impairment of locomotion speed and its depending parameters for one-week after stroke in strong correlation to the neuroscore. Data suggest that the composite neuroscore allows to more sensitively and precisely specify and quantify photothrombosis-induced hemisyndromes than CatWalk.

Published
2021

5. Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation: Safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines

Author

Antal, A., Alekseichuk, I., Bikson, M., Brockmoeller, J., Brunoni, A. R., Chen, R., Cohen, L. G., Dowthwaite, G., Ellrich, J., Floeel, A., Fregni, F., George, M. S., Hamilton, R., Haueisen, J., Herrmann, C. S., Hummel, F. C., Lefaucheur, J. P., Liebetanz, D., Loo, C. K., McCaig, C. D., Miniussi, C., Miranda, P. C., Moliadze, V., Nitsche, M. A., Nowak, R., Padberg, F., Pascual-Leone, A., Poppendieck, W., Priori, A., Rossi, S., Rossini, P. M., Rothwell, J., Rueger, M. A., Ruffini, G., Schellhorn, K., Siebner, H. R., Ugawa, Y., Wexler, A., Ziemann, U., Hallett, M., Paulus, W., Antal, A., Alekseichuk, I., Bikson, M., Brockmoeller, J., Brunoni, A. R., Chen, R., Cohen, L. G., Dowthwaite, G., Ellrich, J., Floeel, A., Fregni, F., George, M. S., Hamilton, R., Haueisen, J., Herrmann, C. S., Hummel, F. C., Lefaucheur, J. P., Liebetanz, D., Loo, C. K., McCaig, C. D., Miniussi, C., Miranda, P. C., Moliadze, V., Nitsche, M. A., Nowak, R., Padberg, F., Pascual-Leone, A., Poppendieck, W., Priori, A., Rossi, S., Rossini, P. M., Rothwell, J., Rueger, M. A., Ruffini, G., Schellhorn, K., Siebner, H. R., Ugawa, Y., Wexler, A., Ziemann, U., Hallett, M., and Paulus, W.

Abstract

Low intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) in humans, encompassing transcranial direct current (tDCS), transcutaneous spinal Direct Current Stimulation (tsDCS), transcranial alternating current (tACS), and transcranial random noise (tRNS) stimulation or their combinations, appears to be safe. No serious adverse events (SAES) have been reported so far in over 18,000 sessions administered to healthy subjects, neurological and psychiatric patients, as summarized here. Moderate adverse events (AEs), as defined by the necessity to intervene, are rare, and include skin burns with tDCS due to suboptimal electrode-skin contact. Very rarely mania or hypomania was induced in patients with depression (11 documented cases), yet a causal relationship is difficult to prove because of the low incidence rate and limited numbers of subjects in controlled trials. Mild AEs (MAEs) include headache and fatigue following stimulation as well as prickling and burning sensations occurring during tDCS at peak-to-baseline intensities of 1-2 mA and during tACS at higher peak-to-peak intensities above 2 mA.& para;& para;The prevalence of published AEs is different in studies specifically assessing AEs vs. those not assessing them, being higher in the former. AEs are frequently reported by individuals receiving placebo stimulation. The profile of AEs in terms of frequency, magnitude and type is comparable in healthy and clinical populations, and this is also the case for more vulnerable populations, such as children, elderly persons, or pregnant women. Combined interventions (e.g., co-application of drugs, electrophysiological measurements, neuroimaging) were not associated with further safety issues.& para;& para;Safety is established for low-intensity 'conventional' TES defined as <4 mA, up to 60 min duration per day. Animal studies and modeling evidence indicate that brain injury could occur at predicted current densities in the brain of 6.3-13 Afin(2) that are over an order of m

Published
2017

6. Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation:Safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines

Author

Antal, A., Alekseichuk, I., Bikson, M., Brockmöller, J., Brunoni, A. R., Chen, R., Cohen, L. G., Dowthwaite, G., Ellrich, J., Flöel, A., Fregni, F., George, M. S., Hamilton, R., Haueisen, J., Herrmann, C. S., Hummel, F. C., Lefaucheur, J. P., Liebetanz, D., Loo, C. K., McCaig, C. D., Miniussi, C., Miranda, P. C., Moliadze, V., Nitsche, M. A., Nowak, R., Padberg, F., Pascual-Leone, A., Poppendieck, W., Priori, A., Rossi, S., Rossini, P. M., Rothwell, J., Rueger, M. A., Ruffini, G., Schellhorn, K., Siebner, H. R., Ugawa, Y., Wexler, A., Ziemann, U., Hallett, M., Paulus, W., Antal, A., Alekseichuk, I., Bikson, M., Brockmöller, J., Brunoni, A. R., Chen, R., Cohen, L. G., Dowthwaite, G., Ellrich, J., Flöel, A., Fregni, F., George, M. S., Hamilton, R., Haueisen, J., Herrmann, C. S., Hummel, F. C., Lefaucheur, J. P., Liebetanz, D., Loo, C. K., McCaig, C. D., Miniussi, C., Miranda, P. C., Moliadze, V., Nitsche, M. A., Nowak, R., Padberg, F., Pascual-Leone, A., Poppendieck, W., Priori, A., Rossi, S., Rossini, P. M., Rothwell, J., Rueger, M. A., Ruffini, G., Schellhorn, K., Siebner, H. R., Ugawa, Y., Wexler, A., Ziemann, U., Hallett, M., and Paulus, W.

Abstract

Low intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) in humans, encompassing transcranial direct current (tDCS), transcutaneous spinal Direct Current Stimulation (tsDCS), transcranial alternating current (tACS), and transcranial random noise (tRNS) stimulation or their combinations, appears to be safe. No serious adverse events (SAEs) have been reported so far in over 18,000 sessions administered to healthy subjects, neurological and psychiatric patients, as summarized here. Moderate adverse events (AEs), as defined by the necessity to intervene, are rare, and include skin burns with tDCS due to suboptimal electrode-skin contact. Very rarely mania or hypomania was induced in patients with depression (11 documented cases), yet a causal relationship is difficult to prove because of the low incidence rate and limited numbers of subjects in controlled trials. Mild AEs (MAEs) include headache and fatigue following stimulation as well as prickling and burning sensations occurring during tDCS at peak-to-baseline intensities of 1–2 mA and during tACS at higher peak-to-peak intensities above 2 mA. The prevalence of published AEs is different in studies specifically assessing AEs vs. those not assessing them, being higher in the former. AEs are frequently reported by individuals receiving placebo stimulation. The profile of AEs in terms of frequency, magnitude and type is comparable in healthy and clinical populations, and this is also the case for more vulnerable populations, such as children, elderly persons, or pregnant women. Combined interventions (e.g., co-application of drugs, electrophysiological measurements, neuroimaging) were not associated with further safety issues. Safety is established for low-intensity ‘conventional’ TES defined as <4 mA, up to 60 min duration per day. Animal studies and modeling evidence indicate that brain injury could occur at predicted current densities in the brain of 6.3–13 A/m2 that are over an order of magnitude abo

Published
2017

7. Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation: Safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines

Author

Berthoin Antal, Ariane, Alekseichuk, I., Bikson, M., Brockmöller, J., Brunoni, A. R., Chen, R., Cohen, L. G., Dowthwaite, G., Ellrich, J., Flöel, A., Fregni, F., George, M. S., Hamilton, R., Haueisen, J., Herrmann, C. S., Hummel, F. C., Lefaucheur, J. P., Liebetanz, D., Loo, C. K., Mccaig, C. D., Miniussi, C., Miranda, P. C., Moliadze, V., Nitsche, M. A., Nowak, R., Padberg, F., Pascual-Leone, A., Poppendieck, W., Priori, A., Rossi, S., Rossini, Paolo Maria, Rothwell, J., Rueger, M. A., Ruffini, G., Schellhorn, K., Siebner, H. R., Ugawa, Y., Wexler, A., Ziemann, U., Hallett, M., Paulus, W., Berthoin Antal, A., Rossini, P. M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2665-534X), Berthoin Antal, Ariane, Alekseichuk, I., Bikson, M., Brockmöller, J., Brunoni, A. R., Chen, R., Cohen, L. G., Dowthwaite, G., Ellrich, J., Flöel, A., Fregni, F., George, M. S., Hamilton, R., Haueisen, J., Herrmann, C. S., Hummel, F. C., Lefaucheur, J. P., Liebetanz, D., Loo, C. K., Mccaig, C. D., Miniussi, C., Miranda, P. C., Moliadze, V., Nitsche, M. A., Nowak, R., Padberg, F., Pascual-Leone, A., Poppendieck, W., Priori, A., Rossi, S., Rossini, Paolo Maria, Rothwell, J., Rueger, M. A., Ruffini, G., Schellhorn, K., Siebner, H. R., Ugawa, Y., Wexler, A., Ziemann, U., Hallett, M., Paulus, W., Berthoin Antal, A., and Rossini, P. M. (ORCID:0000-0003-2665-534X)

Abstract

Low intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) in humans, encompassing transcranial direct current (tDCS), transcutaneous spinal Direct Current Stimulation (tsDCS), transcranial alternating current (tACS), and transcranial random noise (tRNS) stimulation or their combinations, appears to be safe. No serious adverse events (SAEs) have been reported so far in over 18,000 sessions administered to healthy subjects, neurological and psychiatric patients, as summarized here. Moderate adverse events (AEs), as defined by the necessity to intervene, are rare, and include skin burns with tDCS due to suboptimal electrode-skin contact. Very rarely mania or hypomania was induced in patients with depression (11 documented cases), yet a causal relationship is difficult to prove because of the low incidence rate and limited numbers of subjects in controlled trials. Mild AEs (MAEs) include headache and fatigue following stimulation as well as prickling and burning sensations occurring during tDCS at peak-to-baseline intensities of 1–2 mA and during tACS at higher peak-to-peak intensities above 2 mA. The prevalence of published AEs is different in studies specifically assessing AEs vs. those not assessing them, being higher in the former. AEs are frequently reported by individuals receiving placebo stimulation. The profile of AEs in terms of frequency, magnitude and type is comparable in healthy and clinical populations, and this is also the case for more vulnerable populations, such as children, elderly persons, or pregnant women. Combined interventions (e.g., co-application of drugs, electrophysiological measurements, neuroimaging) were not associated with further safety issues. Safety is established for low-intensity ‘conventional’ TES defined as <4 mA, up to 60 min duration per day. Animal studies and modeling evidence indicate that brain injury could occur at predicted current densities in the brain of 6.3–13 A/m2that are over an order of magnitude above

Published
2017

8. The Taiga project

Author

Yashin, I I, Astapov, I I, Barbashina, N S, Bogdanov, A G, Boreyko, V, Budnev, N M, Büker, M, Bruckner, M, Chiavassa, A, Chvalaev, O B, Gafarov, A V, Gorbunov, N, Grebenyuk, V, Gress, O A, Grinyuk, A, Grishin, O G, Dyachok, A N, Epimakhov, S N, Eremin, T V, Horns, D, Ivanova, A L, Kalmykov, N N, Karpov, N I, Kazarina, Y A, Kindin, V V, Kirichkov, N V, Kiryuhin, S N, Kokouli, R P, Kompaniets, K G, Konstantinov, E N, Korobchenko, A V, Korosteleva, E E, Kozhin, V A, Kunnas, M, Kuzmichev, L A, Lenok, V V, Lubsandorzhiev, B K, Lubsandorzhiev, N B, Mirgazov, R R, Mirzoyan, R, Monkhoev, R D, Nachtigall, R, Pakhorukov, A L, Panasyuk, M I, Pankov, L V, Perevalov, A A, Petrukhin, A A, Platonov, V A, Poleschuk, V A, Popescu, M, Popova, E G, Porelli, A, Prosin, V V, Ptuskin, V S, Rubtsov, G I, Rueger, M, Rybov, V G, Samoliga, V S, Satunin, P S, Saunkin, A, Savinov, V Yu, Semeney, Yu A, Shaibonov, B A, Silaev, A A, Skurikhin, A V, Slunecka, M, Spiering, C, Sveshnikova, L G, Tabolenko, V A, Tkachenko, A, Tkachev, L G, Tluczykont, M, Veslopopov, A D, Veslopopova, E P, Voronov, D M, Wischnewski, R, Yurin, K O, Zagorodnikov, A V, Zirakashvili, V N, Zurbanov, V L, Yashin, I I, Astapov, I I, Barbashina, N S, Bogdanov, A G, Boreyko, V, Budnev, N M, Büker, M, Bruckner, M, Chiavassa, A, Chvalaev, O B, Gafarov, A V, Gorbunov, N, Grebenyuk, V, Gress, O A, Grinyuk, A, Grishin, O G, Dyachok, A N, Epimakhov, S N, Eremin, T V, Horns, D, Ivanova, A L, Kalmykov, N N, Karpov, N I, Kazarina, Y A, Kindin, V V, Kirichkov, N V, Kiryuhin, S N, Kokouli, R P, Kompaniets, K G, Konstantinov, E N, Korobchenko, A V, Korosteleva, E E, Kozhin, V A, Kunnas, M, Kuzmichev, L A, Lenok, V V, Lubsandorzhiev, B K, Lubsandorzhiev, N B, Mirgazov, R R, Mirzoyan, R, Monkhoev, R D, Nachtigall, R, Pakhorukov, A L, Panasyuk, M I, Pankov, L V, Perevalov, A A, Petrukhin, A A, Platonov, V A, Poleschuk, V A, Popescu, M, Popova, E G, Porelli, A, Prosin, V V, Ptuskin, V S, Rubtsov, G I, Rueger, M, Rybov, V G, Samoliga, V S, Satunin, P S, Saunkin, A, Savinov, V Yu, Semeney, Yu A, Shaibonov, B A, Silaev, A A, Skurikhin, A V, Slunecka, M, Spiering, C, Sveshnikova, L G, Tabolenko, V A, Tkachenko, A, Tkachev, L G, Tluczykont, M, Veslopopov, A D, Veslopopova, E P, Voronov, D M, Wischnewski, R, Yurin, K O, Zagorodnikov, A V, Zirakashvili, V N, and Zurbanov, V L

Abstract

The TAIGA project is aimed at solving the fundamental problems of gamma-ray astronomy and physics of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays with the help of the complex of detectors, located in the Tunka valley (Siberia, Russia). TAIGA includes a wide-angle large area Tunka-HiSCORE array, designed to detect gamma-rays of ultrahigh energies in the range 20 - 1000 TeV and charged cosmic rays with energies of 100 TeV - 100 PeV, large area muon detector to improve the rejection of background EAS protons and nuclei and a network of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes for gamma radiation detection. We discuss the goals and objectives of the complex features of each detector and the results obtained in the first stage of the HiSCORE installation., Peer Reviewed

Published
2016

9. The Taiga project

Author

Yashin, I I, primary, Astapov, I I, additional, Barbashina, N S, additional, Bogdanov, A G, additional, Boreyko, V, additional, Budnev, N M, additional, Büker, M, additional, Bruckner, M, additional, Chiavassa, A, additional, Chvalaev, O B, additional, Gafarov, A V, additional, Gorbunov, N, additional, Grebenyuk, V, additional, Gress, O A, additional, Grinyuk, A, additional, Grishin, O G, additional, Dyachok, A N, additional, Epimakhov, S N, additional, Eremin, T V, additional, Horns, D, additional, Ivanova, A L, additional, Kalmykov, N N, additional, Karpov, N I, additional, Kazarina, Y A, additional, Kindin, V V, additional, Kirichkov, N V, additional, Kiryuhin, S N, additional, Kokouli, R P, additional, Kompaniets, K G, additional, Konstantinov, E N, additional, Korobchenko, A V, additional, Korosteleva, E E, additional, Kozhin, V A, additional, Kunnas, M, additional, Kuzmichev, L A, additional, Lenok, V V, additional, Lubsandorzhiev, B K, additional, Lubsandorzhiev, N B, additional, Mirgazov, R R, additional, Mirzoyan, R, additional, Monkhoev, R D, additional, Nachtigall, R, additional, Pakhorukov, A L, additional, Panasyuk, M I, additional, Pankov, L V, additional, Perevalov, A A, additional, Petrukhin, A A, additional, Platonov, V A, additional, Poleschuk, V A, additional, Popescu, M, additional, Popova, E G, additional, Porelli, A, additional, Prosin, V V, additional, Ptuskin, V S, additional, Rubtsov, G I, additional, Rueger, M, additional, Rybov, V G, additional, Samoliga, V S, additional, Satunin, P S, additional, Saunkin, A, additional, Savinov, V Yu, additional, Semeney, Yu A, additional, Shaibonov, B A, additional, Silaev, A A, additional, Skurikhin, A V, additional, Slunecka, M, additional, Spiering, C, additional, Sveshnikova, L G, additional, Tabolenko, V A, additional, Tkachenko, A, additional, Tkachev, L G, additional, Tluczykont, M, additional, Veslopopov, A D, additional, Veslopopova, E P, additional, Voronov, D M, additional, Wischnewski, R, additional, Yurin, K O, additional, Zagorodnikov, A V, additional, Zirakashvili, V N, additional, and Zurbanov, V L, additional

Published
2016
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10. Towards gamma-ray astronomy with timing arrays

Author

Tluczykont, M, Astapov, I, Barbashina, N, Beregnev, S, Bogdanov, A, Bogorodskii, D, Boreyko, V, Brückner, M, Budnev, N, Chiavassa, A, Chvalaev, O, Dyachok, A, Epimakhov, S, Eremin, T, Gafarov, A, Gorbunov, N, Grebenyuk, V, Gress, O, Gress, T, Grinyuk, A, Grishin, O, Horns, D, Ivanova, A, Karpov, N, Kalmykov, N, Kazarina, Y, Kindin, V, Kirichkov, N, Kiryuhin, S, Kokoulin, R, Kompaniets, K, Konstantinov, E, Korobchenko, A, Korosteleva, E, Kozhin, V, Kunnas, M, Kuzmichev, L, Lenok, V, Lubsandorzhiev, B, Lubsandorzhiev, N, Mirgazov, R, Mirzoyan, R, Monkhoev, R, Nachtigall, R, Pakhorukov, A, Panasyuk, M, Pankov, L, Perevalov, A, Petrukhin, A, Platonov, V, Poleschuk, V, Popescu, M, Popova, E, Porelli, A, Porokhovoy, S, Prosin, V, Ptuskin, V, Romanov, V, Rubtsov, G, Rueger, M, Rybov, E, Samoliga, V, Satunin, P, Saunkin, A, Savinov, V, Semeney, Yu, Shaibonov, B, Silaev, A, Skurikhin, A, Slunecka, M, Spiering, C, Sveshnikova, L, Tabolenko, V, Tkachenko, A, Tkachev, L, Veslopopov, A, Veslopopova, E, Voronov, D, Wischnewski, R, Yashin, I, Yurin, K, Zagorodnikov, A, Zirakashvili, V, Zurbanov, V, Tluczykont, M, Astapov, I, Barbashina, N, Beregnev, S, Bogdanov, A, Bogorodskii, D, Boreyko, V, Brückner, M, Budnev, N, Chiavassa, A, Chvalaev, O, Dyachok, A, Epimakhov, S, Eremin, T, Gafarov, A, Gorbunov, N, Grebenyuk, V, Gress, O, Gress, T, Grinyuk, A, Grishin, O, Horns, D, Ivanova, A, Karpov, N, Kalmykov, N, Kazarina, Y, Kindin, V, Kirichkov, N, Kiryuhin, S, Kokoulin, R, Kompaniets, K, Konstantinov, E, Korobchenko, A, Korosteleva, E, Kozhin, V, Kunnas, M, Kuzmichev, L, Lenok, V, Lubsandorzhiev, B, Lubsandorzhiev, N, Mirgazov, R, Mirzoyan, R, Monkhoev, R, Nachtigall, R, Pakhorukov, A, Panasyuk, M, Pankov, L, Perevalov, A, Petrukhin, A, Platonov, V, Poleschuk, V, Popescu, M, Popova, E, Porelli, A, Porokhovoy, S, Prosin, V, Ptuskin, V, Romanov, V, Rubtsov, G, Rueger, M, Rybov, E, Samoliga, V, Satunin, P, Saunkin, A, Savinov, V, Semeney, Yu, Shaibonov, B, Silaev, A, Skurikhin, A, Slunecka, M, Spiering, C, Sveshnikova, L, Tabolenko, V, Tkachenko, A, Tkachev, L, Veslopopov, A, Veslopopova, E, Voronov, D, Wischnewski, R, Yashin, I, Yurin, K, Zagorodnikov, A, Zirakashvili, V, and Zurbanov, V

Abstract

The gamma-ray energy regime beyond 10 TeV is crucial for the search for the most energetic Galactic accelerators. The energy spectra of most known gamma-ray emitters only reach up to few 10s of TeV, with 80 TeV from the Crab Nebula being the highest energy so far observed significantly. Uncovering their spectral shape up to few 100 TeV could answer the question whether some of these objects are cosmic ray Pevatrons, i.e. Galactic PeV accelerators. Sensitive observations in this energy range and beyond require very large effective detector areas of several 10s to 100 square-km. While imaging air Cherenkov telescopes have proven to be the instruments of choice in the GeV to TeV energy range, very large area telescope arrays are limited by the number of required readout channels per instrumented square-km (due to the large number of channels per telescope). Alternatively, the shower-front sampling technique allows to instrument large effective areas and also naturally provides large viewing angles of the instrument. Solely measuring the shower front light density and timing (hence timing- arrays), the primary particle properties are reconstructed on the basis of the measured lateral density function and the shower front arrival times. This presentation gives an overview of the technique, its goals, and future perspective., Peer Reviewed

Published
2015

11. Towards gamma-ray astronomy with timing arrays

Author

Tluczykont, M, primary, Astapov, I, additional, Barbashina, N, additional, Beregnev, S, additional, Bogdanov, A, additional, Bogorodskii, D, additional, Boreyko, V, additional, Brückner, M, additional, Budnev, N, additional, Chiavassa, A, additional, Chvalaev, O, additional, Dyachok, A, additional, Epimakhov, S, additional, Eremin, T, additional, Gafarov, A, additional, Gorbunov, N, additional, Grebenyuk, V, additional, Gress, O, additional, Gress, T, additional, Grinyuk, A, additional, Grishin, O, additional, Horns, D, additional, Ivanova, A, additional, Karpov, N, additional, Kalmykov, N, additional, Kazarina, Y, additional, Kindin, V, additional, Kirichkov, N, additional, Kiryuhin, S, additional, Kokoulin, R, additional, Kompaniets, K, additional, Konstantinov, E, additional, Korobchenko, A, additional, Korosteleva, E, additional, Kozhin, V, additional, Kunnas, M, additional, Kuzmichev, L, additional, Lenok, V, additional, Lubsandorzhiev, B, additional, Lubsandorzhiev, N, additional, Mirgazov, R, additional, Mirzoyan, R, additional, Monkhoev, R, additional, Nachtigall, R, additional, Pakhorukov, A, additional, Panasyuk, M, additional, Pankov, L, additional, Perevalov, A, additional, Petrukhin, A, additional, Platonov, V, additional, Poleschuk, V, additional, Popescu, M, additional, Popova, E, additional, Porelli, A, additional, Porokhovoy, S, additional, Prosin, V, additional, Ptuskin, V, additional, Romanov, V, additional, Rubtsov, G, additional, Rueger, M, additional, Rybov, E, additional, Samoliga, V, additional, Satunin, P, additional, Saunkin, A, additional, Savinov, V, additional, Semeney, Yu, additional, Shaibonov, B, additional, Silaev, A, additional, Skurikhin, A, additional, Slunecka, M, additional, Spiering, C, additional, Sveshnikova, L, additional, Tabolenko, V, additional, Tkachenko, A, additional, Tkachev, L, additional, Veslopopov, A, additional, Veslopopova, E, additional, Voronov, D, additional, Wischnewski, R, additional, Yashin, I, additional, Yurin, K, additional, Zagorodnikov, A, additional, Zirakashvili, V, additional, and Zurbanov, V, additional

Published
2015
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12. An analysis of the CatWalk XT and a composite score to assess neurofunctional deficits after photothrombosis in mice.

Author

Bärmann J, Walter HL, Pikhovych A, Endepols H, Fink GR, Rueger MA, and Schroeter M

Subjects
Animals, Extremities physiopathology, Light adverse effects, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Motor Cortex physiopathology, Stroke etiology, Thrombosis complications, Thrombosis etiology, Disease Models, Animal, Gait, Software, Stroke physiopathology, Thrombosis physiopathology
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate CatWalk's capability for assessing the functional outcome after photothrombotic stroke affecting the motor cortex of mice. Mice were tested up to 21 days after photothrombosis or sham surgery using CatWalk, and a composite score assessing functional deficits (neuroscore). The neuroscore demonstrated deficits of the contralateral forelimb for more than two weeks after stroke. There were no asymmetric or coordinative dysfunctions of limbs detected by CatWalk. However, CatWalk data revealed impairment of locomotion speed and its depending parameters for one-week after stroke in strong correlation to the neuroscore. Data suggest that the composite neuroscore allows to more sensitively and precisely specify and quantify photothrombosis-induced hemisyndromes than CatWalk., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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13. Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation: Safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines.

Author

Antal A, Alekseichuk I, Bikson M, Brockmöller J, Brunoni AR, Chen R, Cohen LG, Dowthwaite G, Ellrich J, Flöel A, Fregni F, George MS, Hamilton R, Haueisen J, Herrmann CS, Hummel FC, Lefaucheur JP, Liebetanz D, Loo CK, McCaig CD, Miniussi C, Miranda PC, Moliadze V, Nitsche MA, Nowak R, Padberg F, Pascual-Leone A, Poppendieck W, Priori A, Rossi S, Rossini PM, Rothwell J, Rueger MA, Ruffini G, Schellhorn K, Siebner HR, Ugawa Y, Wexler A, Ziemann U, Hallett M, and Paulus W

Subjects
Animals, Burns, Electric etiology, Burns, Electric prevention & control, Humans, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation adverse effects, Brain physiology, Practice Guidelines as Topic standards, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ethics, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation standards
Abstract

Low intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) in humans, encompassing transcranial direct current (tDCS), transcutaneous spinal Direct Current Stimulation (tsDCS), transcranial alternating current (tACS), and transcranial random noise (tRNS) stimulation or their combinations, appears to be safe. No serious adverse events (SAEs) have been reported so far in over 18,000 sessions administered to healthy subjects, neurological and psychiatric patients, as summarized here. Moderate adverse events (AEs), as defined by the necessity to intervene, are rare, and include skin burns with tDCS due to suboptimal electrode-skin contact. Very rarely mania or hypomania was induced in patients with depression (11 documented cases), yet a causal relationship is difficult to prove because of the low incidence rate and limited numbers of subjects in controlled trials. Mild AEs (MAEs) include headache and fatigue following stimulation as well as prickling and burning sensations occurring during tDCS at peak-to-baseline intensities of 1-2mA and during tACS at higher peak-to-peak intensities above 2mA. The prevalence of published AEs is different in studies specifically assessing AEs vs. those not assessing them, being higher in the former. AEs are frequently reported by individuals receiving placebo stimulation. The profile of AEs in terms of frequency, magnitude and type is comparable in healthy and clinical populations, and this is also the case for more vulnerable populations, such as children, elderly persons, or pregnant women. Combined interventions (e.g., co-application of drugs, electrophysiological measurements, neuroimaging) were not associated with further safety issues. Safety is established for low-intensity 'conventional' TES defined as <4mA, up to 60min duration per day. Animal studies and modeling evidence indicate that brain injury could occur at predicted current densities in the brain of 6.3-13A/m 2 that are over an order of magnitude above those produced by tDCS in humans. Using AC stimulation fewer AEs were reported compared to DC. In specific paradigms with amplitudes of up to 10mA, frequencies in the kHz range appear to be safe. In this paper we provide structured interviews and recommend their use in future controlled studies, in particular when trying to extend the parameters applied. We also discuss recent regulatory issues, reporting practices and ethical issues. These recommendations achieved consensus in a meeting, which took place in Göttingen, Germany, on September 6-7, 2016 and were refined thereafter by email correspondence., (Copyright © 2017 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. All rights reserved.)

Published
2017
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14. In vivo analysis of neuroinflammation in the late chronic phase after experimental stroke.

Author

Walter HL, Walberer M, Rueger MA, Backes H, Wiedermann D, Hoehn M, Neumaier B, Graf R, Fink GR, and Schroeter M

Subjects
Animals, Antigens, CD metabolism, Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic metabolism, Brain diagnostic imaging, Brain pathology, Brain Ischemia diagnostic imaging, Brain Ischemia pathology, Calcium-Binding Proteins metabolism, Carbon Radioisotopes, Chronic Disease, Disease Models, Animal, Ferric Compounds, Immunohistochemistry, Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery, Isoquinolines, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Microfilament Proteins metabolism, Microglia pathology, Microglia physiology, Phagocytosis physiology, Positron-Emission Tomography, Radiopharmaceuticals, Rats, Wistar, Stroke diagnostic imaging, Stroke pathology, Brain immunology, Brain Ischemia immunology, Stroke immunology
Abstract

Background and Purpose: In vivo imaging of inflammatory processes is a valuable tool in stroke research. We here investigated the combination of two imaging modalities in the chronic phase after cerebral ischemia: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using intravenously applied ultra small supraparamagnetic iron oxide particles (USPIO), and positron emission tomography (PET) with the tracer [(11)C]PK11195., Methods: Rats were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) by the macrosphere model and monitored by MRI and PET for 28 or 56 days, followed by immunohistochemical endpoint analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first study providing USPIO-MRI data in the chronic phase up to 8 weeks after stroke., Results: Phagocytes with internalized USPIOs induced MRI-T2(∗) signal alterations in the brain. Combined analysis with [(11)C]PK11195-PET allowed quantification of phagocytic activity and other neuroinflammatory processes. From 4 weeks after induction of ischemia, inflammation was dominated by phagocytes. Immunohistochemistry revealed colocalization of Iba1+ microglia with [(11)C]PK11195 and ED1/CD68 with USPIOs. USPIO-related iron was distinguished from alternatively deposited iron by assessing MRI before and after USPIO application. Tissue affected by non-phagocytic inflammation during the first week mostly remained in a viably vital but remodeled state after 4 or 8 weeks, while phagocytic activity was associated with severe injury and necrosis accordingly., Conclusions: We conclude that the combined approach of USPIO-MRI and [(11)C]PK11195-PET allows to observe post-stroke inflammatory processes in the living animal in an intraindividual and longitudinal fashion, predicting long-term tissue fate. The non-invasive imaging methods do not affect the immune system and have been applied to human subjects before. Translation into clinical applications is therefore feasible., (Copyright © 2015 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2015
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