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Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit den Auswirkungen von Lean-Management-Methoden auf die Projektbeteiligten einer Gebäudebesiedelung. Grundlage der Forschung stellt ein Referenzprojekt im ersten Wiener Gemeindebezirk dar, bei dem die Fertigstellungs- und Besiedelungsphase mit Lean-Management abgewickelt wurde. Es wurden neun der fünfzehn am Projekt beteiligten Auftragnehmer interviewt und diese Interviews zur Auswertung herangezogen. Keiner der Interviewpartner hatte bisher Vorerfahrung mit Lean-Management. Belegt wurde, dass die Auswirkungen von Lean-Management für die Projektbeteiligten größtenteils positiv sind. Das hier angewandte Lean-Construction-Management erleichtert die Detailabstimmung zwischen den ausführenden Firmen und führt zu einer besseren Transparenz der Terminpläne. Diese Punkte führen zu einer Minimierung der Stillstände, Vermeidung von Behinderungen und einer besseren Termintreue. Für die Projektbeteiligten entstand kein Mehraufwand durch die angewandten Methoden, jedoch konnte durch die effizientere Abstimmung einiges an Zeit eingespart werden. Für knapp neunzig Prozent der Befragten stellte Lean-Management eine Bereicherung für den Bauablauf dar. This thesis deals with the effects of lean-management-methods on the project participants of a building settlement. The basis of the research is a reference project in the first district of Vienna, in which the completion and settlement was carried out with lean-management. Nine of the fifteen contractors, who were involved in the project, were interviewed and these interviews were used for evaluation. None of the interviewees had previous experience with lean management. It was demonstrated that the effects of lean-management are consistently positive for the project participants. The Lean-Construction-Management applied here facilitates the detailed coordination between the executing companies and leads to a better transparency of the schedules. These points lead to a minimization of downtimes, avoidance of disabilities and better adherence to schedules. The additional effort that was incurred for the project participants was marginal, but a lot of time could be saved by the more efficient coordination. Lean-management was an enrichment to the construction process for almost 90 percent of the respondents. vorgelegt von: Robin Roth Auch als Printexemplar verfügbar Masterarbeit Wien, FH Campus Wien 2021

With an evermore growing threat of new malware that keeps growing in both number and complexity, the necessity for improvement in automatic detection and classification of malware is increasing. The signature-based approaches used by several Anti-Virus companies struggle with the increasing amount of polymorphic malware. The polymorphic malware change some minor aspects of the code to be able to remain undetected. Malware classification using machine learning have been used to try to solve this issue in previous research. In the proposed work, different hierarchical machine learning approaches are implemented to conduct three experiments. The methods utilise a hierarchical structure in various ways to be able to get a better classification performance. A selection of hierarchical levels and machine learning models are used in the experiments to evaluate how the results are affected. A data set is created, containing over 90000 different labelled malware samples. The proposed work also includes the creation of a labelling method that can be helpful for researchers in malware classification that needs labels for a created data set.The feature vector used contains 500 n-gram features and 3521 Import Address Table features. In the experiments for the proposed work, the thesis includes the testing of four machine learning models and three different amount of hierarchical levels. Stratified 5-fold cross validation is used in the proposed work to reduce bias and variance in the results. The results from the classification approach shows it achieves the highest hF-score, using Random Forest (RF) as the machine learning model and having four hierarchical levels, which got an hF-score of 0.858228. To be able to compare the proposed work with other related work, pure-flat classification accuracy was generated. The highest generated accuracy score was 0.8512816, which was not the highest compared to other related work.

Agricultural heritage has potential significance far beyond its common representation as the “traditional” system of “traditional peoples”. The U.N. Food and Agricultural Organization's Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) program is an important designation that treats heritage agro-ecosystems as living systems, rather than cultural relics. In order for the GIAHS designation to achieve its full potential, however, the role of human knowledge within the continuous cultural and ecological evolution of GIAHS requires much closer examination and appreciation. This paper explores the limits of contemporary nature and cultural conservation, and draws on a coevolutionary theoretical framework in order to better conceptualize the dynamism of such complex agro-ecological systems. In such a view, GIAHS can be seen as evolving systems of sustainable agriculture of great potentail relevance to contemporary society-environment challenges, rather than as relics of the past.

Die Produktion von Vektorbosonpaaren ermöglicht die Untersuchung der Wechselwirkung zwischen drei elektroschwachen Eichbosonen. Eine Abweichung dieser Kopplung von der Vorhersage des Standardmodells kann durch anomale Kopplungen im Formalismus von Effektiver Feldtheorie beschrieben werden. In dieser Arbeit wird die zusätzliche Abstrahlung von Jets in WZ und WH Produktion untersucht. Hierfür wird die Observable $x_{\text{jet}}$ eingeführt, um Events, die von Jet Abstrahlung dominiert werden, von solchen zu trennen, die zwei hochenergetische Vektorbosonen beinhalten. Mit dieser Observablen können Phasenraumbereiche identifiziert werden, die sensitiv sind auf anomale Kopplungen zwischen Eichbosonen. Zudem wird ein dynamisches Jet Veto vorgeschlagen, um die Sensitivität von Suchen nach anomalen Kopplungen zu erhöhen. Ein traditionelles Veto mit einer festen Skala führt zu logarithmisch wachsenden Termen, die durch ein dynamisches Veto vermieden werden können. Das dynamische Veto erlaubt weiterhin die Einbeziehung eines größeren Phasenraumbereichs. Dies verbessert die Statistik und damit die Empfindlichkeit von Suchen nach anomalen Kopplungen. Für eine genaue Beschreibung der Events mit Vektorbosonpaaren mit hohen Transversalimpulsen sind Korrekturen höherer Ordnung notwendig. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird die LoopSim Methode verwendet, um Korrekturen in $\bar{n}\text{NLO}$ in der starken Kopplung zu berechnen. Dies ist eine Näherung der Korrekturen in nächst-zu-nächst-zu-führender Ordnung und besonders geeignet für hohe Transversalimpulse. Diese Analysen nutzen das flexible Monte Carlo Programm VBFNLO in Verbindung mit LoopSim. In dieser Arbeit wird eine parallelisierte Implementierung von VBFNLO entwickelt, die insbesondere für komplexe Prozesse die numerische Integration und Laufzeit verbessert und moderne Rechencluster effizienter nutzt.

Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas (IPCAs), a form of Indigenous-led conservation, are gaining momentum in Turtle Island/Canada. While advancing Indigenous and decolonial futurities through IPCAs, Indigenous Nations may encounter various obstacles originating from settler colonial practices, policies, and systems. I draw on political ecology, critical engagements with reconciliation, and insights from my qualitative research to investigate IPCAs as potential processes of reconciliation and thus potentially transformative interventions into mainstream conservation. Unlike state-led parks and protected areas, Indigenous Nations establish and have a primary role governing IPCAs, which center Indigenous priorities, laws, and knowledge. This contrasts with parks and protected areas that have displaced Indigenous Peoples, appropriated territories, and imposed Eurocentric values and governance systems. Crown governments and the conservation sector are increasingly mobilizing reconciliation discourse in the context of conservation, but it is unclear what is or could be reconciled through IPCAs. I conducted community-engaged research with the Tsilhqot’in-led Dasiqox Nexwagweẑʔan IPCA and Kitasoo Xai’xais Stewardship Authority located in Tsilhqot’in and Kitasoo Xai’xais territories respectively (British Columbia). My research approach is informed by critical methodologies including decolonizing, Indigenous, and feminist methods. Key findings include: 1) Insights from previous land use and conservation planning processes reveal the risk of Crown governments and the conservation sector potentially undermining Indigenous governance and IPCAs; 2) IPCAs could be pathways of reconciliation if Crown governments and the conservation sector dismantle the roadblocks arising from settler ontologies and institutions; and 3) In the face of multiple legal hurdles, cultivating decolonial legal pluralism and engaging in legislative reform is feasible, can support Indigenous jurisdiction and governance, and could contribute to reconciliation through IPCAs. This study contributes to emerging decolonial political ecology work in the Global North by bringing the concerns of decolonization and reconciliation into political ecologies of conservation in Turtle Island/North America. Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council and the Joseph-Armand Bombardier Canada Graduate Scholarship, Queen Elizabeth II Graduate Scholarship in Science & Technology, and the University of Guelph

Marine litter drifting in the world’s oceans cause problems for the health of marine life and persist in the environment. Scholarly attention has been focused on waste management, environmental impact, international trade and individual consumption, overlooking the impact plastic is having on the lives of coastal residents. The purpose of this thesis is to identify how waste washing up on the beaches has an impact on daily lives. This research studies Vietnam, cited as one of the top five contributors to plastic in the world’s oceans, and specifically Cu Lao Cham Marine Protected Area; a major tourism destination for up to 3000 daily visitors, and home of a 10-year ban on plastic bags. Results explore the multiple ways marine litter is intertwined with residents’ lives, how plastic can be used as a resource by coastal residents; and the impact government interventions have on the adoption of tourism related livelihoods.

The establishment of protected areas has long served to displace Indigenous peoples from their traditional territories, undermining Indigenous knowledge systems and the ecology of which they are a part. In the Yukon Territory, Kluane National Park recognizes Southern Tutchone ‘Cultural Reintegration’ as an indicator of ecological integrity. The park thus hosted Healing Broken Connections, a project managed in partnership with the Champagne and Aishihik First Nations and Kluane First Nation which sought to address 50 years of First Nation displacement from the park. The purpose of this thesis is to identify how reconnection to land can be achieved and how well this was reflected within the activities of the project. Results indicate that Healing Broken Connections strengthened the partners’ nation-to-nation relationship and began a healing process between people and land inherent to the park’s management priorities but also identified key factors that need addressing in order for healing to continue. Canadian Conservation in Global Context: Intersections with Africa and Asia, Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council, Ontario Graduate Scholarship

The Iinnii Initiative is a Blackfoot-led conservation effort to restore free-roaming bison to Blackfoot traditional territory around the Waterton-Glacier region in Alberta and Montana. It has brought together a collaborative network of stakeholders and rightsholders across various borders and presents itself as a unique example of Indigenous-led collaborative conservation. However, jurisdictional, cultural, and socio-political complexities create some challenges. Through practicing a decolonized methodology, this research explored factors that inform collaboration between actors, challenges to the Initiative, and ranchers’ attitudes towards bison reintroduction. Investigating and understanding these elements supports the active efforts of the Iinnii Initiative, offers lessons from which other conservation practitioners can learn, and may also assist in facilitating dialogue between various settler and Indigenous individuals and groups. Such dialogues can enhance relationships with ranchers to mitigate challenges of reintroducing bison, foster reconciliation among different social groups, and reinforce the Iinnii Initiative as a positive model for collaborative conservation. Canadian Conservation in a Global Context (SSHRC, Robin Roth, University of Guelph); National Geographic Society

Forests have long been important to understandings of Canadian identity. While transformations in forest policy, industry and forested landscape dynamics are fairly well documented, little attention has been given to how shifts in nature’s discursive and material co-construction (socionature) shape gendered relations of power, particularly when analysed across time and space. To fill this gap, I employ a multiscalar conceptual framework that combines tenets of environmental history with feminist political ecology, as together these subfields provide the tools necessary to explore how and why gendered socionature is important to understandings of forest landscapes and livelihoods in rural eastern Ontario. In particular, I focus on small-scale forestry operations occurring in the Mazinaw-Lanark Forest Management Unit and the rural communities within and surrounding this region, analysing men and women’s circumstances and experiences as they relate to shifts in forest policy, industry and forest landscape dynamics. Using a mixed-methods approach, I assess qualitative and quantitative data to reveal how forest actors maintain social, ecological and material power, which in turn define gendered opportunities and constraints. My research reveals a number of key insights. First, capitalist and patriarchal constructions of forests shape continuity and change in terms of gendered opportunities and constraints. While forest industry, community and household conditions maintain men’s socioeconomic advantage and political power, these dynamics also negatively impact men. Forest sector restructuring, coupled with declines in work availability, have unsettled traditional notions of manliness tied to men as brawny breadwinners, resulting in a crisis of masculinity that differentially impacts all rural residents. Second, while growing opportunities exist in terms of women’s ability to contest traditional roles and responsibilities, they continue to suffer socioeconomic disadvantage relative to men. Third, trees and other components of nature relationally define gendered forests by generating wealth (via forestry, nature-based tourism) and setting limits on production (the decline of large-scale forestry, species at risk). In this way, material nature is understood as an important actor, relationally co-constructing forest use and the differential, gendered impacts of environmental change. The thesis concludes by identifying ways to diversify analyses of forest relations in the interest of promoting socio-ecological health. I gratefully acknowledge the financial support for this research from the Joseph-Armand Bombardier Canada Graduate Scholarship Program and Doctoral Award, and the Board of Graduate Studies Research Scholarship Program.

This dissertation applies a gendered analysis to the problem of food insecurity in Haiti, in order to document the impact from, and local responses to, a gender-blind and supply-centric world food economy. This is achieved by investigating the ways in which female and male rural and peri-urban peasant farmers and female urban poor, in northern Haiti, achieve food security. In so doing, I offer an alternative to the dominant narrative of food security, in Haiti, produced by institutional actors. Employing mixed-methods and feminist methodology, I conducted 526 interviews with 260 respondents, of which 115 were members of four primary rural, peri-urban, and urban community-based organisations (CBOs) that constituted the main interest of the study. These respondents were interviewed before and after a state land grab that dispossessed them from land where they produced and collected food. Four specific objectives combine to achieve the aim of the study. First, the study considers how powerful actors, who create a gender-blind world food economy, rely on gendered roles and responsibilities, paradoxically heightening food insecurity for rural women in Haiti. Second, the study examines how male and female rural and peri-urban peasants in northern Haiti interact in community-based organizations to reproduce themselves as the poto mitan, or centre pole, of local and regional food security. They use state land, and locally defined concepts of moral economy of care, identity, and autonomy, to make critical and strategic contributions to Haiti’s food security and social stability. Third, the study documents how CBOs may act as a form of resistance designed to decolonize peasant identity by placemaking through food production. And finally, the research utilizes Sen’s capabilities (opportunities or freedoms one has) and functionings of value (action to engage an opportunity), an evaluative tool, to establish how all-women organizations in Haiti are able to address strategic gender interests and practical food needs. These findings demonstrate the value of Haiti’s gendered, internally-oriented food economy, and how food security and social stability are established despite living within a retracted food economy. These findings indicate the need to make gender a central organizing and governing principle in food security policy. Canada’s International Development Research Centre (IDRC) under Grant 107099-99906075-034; and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) under grant 752-2013-1518.