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7. Revealing the microstructure of sodium-montmorillonite aqueous suspensions

Author

Shoaib, Mohammad, Khan, Shaihroz, Wani, Omar B, Mata, Jitendra, Krzysko, Anthony J., Kuzmenko, Ivan, Bleuel, Markus, Fiddes, Lindsey K., Roth, Eric W., and Bobicki, Erin R

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Aqueous suspensions of geometrically anisometric (2D) sodium-montmorillonite (Na-Mt) particles display a sol-gel transition at very low solids concentrations. The underlying microstructure of the gel has remained a point of contention since the time of Irving Langmuir. An in-situ investigation encompassing length scales much larger than the individual particles is required to provide support for one of the two models proposed in the literature: 1) a percolated network governed by electrostatic attraction between platelets; and 2) a jammed suspension stabilized by repulsive electrostatic forces between particles. We settle this debate by comprehensively probing the microstructure of Na-Mt suspensions using ultra-small angle neutron/X-ray scattering and found that it is ordered and contains entities that are at least an order of magnitude larger than the individual particles. Complementary cryo-electron microscopy showed both the presence of domains having strong particle-particle ordering and regions of particle-particle aggregation. These data indicate 1) the presence of nematic domains, which refutes a purely attractive nature, and 2) assembly of particles, which refutes a purely repulsive nature. Na-Mt gels appear to have a hybrid microstructure with both attractive and repulsive domains.

Published
2022

8. Chromatin reprogramming and bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo via the microtopography-induced constriction of cell nuclei

Author

Wang, Xinlong, Agrawal, Vasundhara, Dunton, Cody L., Liu, Yugang, Virk, Ranya K. A., Patel, Priyam A., Carter, Lucas, Pujadas, Emily M., Li, Yue, Jain, Surbhi, Wang, Hao, Ni, Na, Tsai, Hsiu-Ming, Rivera-Bolanos, Nancy, Frederick, Jane, Roth, Eric, Bleher, Reiner, Duan, Chongwen, Ntziachristos, Panagiotis, He, Tong Chuan, Reid, Russell R., Jiang, Bin, Subramanian, Hariharan, Backman, Vadim, and Ameer, Guillermo A.

Published
2023
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11. Acetaminophen Interactions with Phospholipid Vesicles Induced Changes in Morphology and Lipid Dynamics

Author

De Mel, Judith U., Gupta, Sudipta, Harmon, Sydney, Stingaciu, Laura, Roth, Eric W., Siebenbuerger, Miriam, Bleuel, Markus, and Schneider, Gerald J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Acetaminophen (APAP) or Paracetamol, despite its wide and common use for pain and fever symptoms, shows a variety of side effects, toxic effects, and overdose effects. The most common form of toxic effects of APAP is in the liver where phosphatidylcholine is the major component of the cell membrane with additional associated functionalities. Although this is the case, the effects of APAP on pure phospholipid membranes have been largely ignored. Here, we used DOPC, a commonly found phospholipid in mammalian cell membranes to synthesize large unilamellar vesicles to investigate how the incorporation of APAP changes pure lipid vesicle structure, morphology, and fluidity at different concentrations. We used a combination of dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering (SANS, SAXS), cryo TEM for structural characterization, and neutron spin-echo (NSE) spectroscopy to investigate dynamics. We showed that the incorporation of Acetaminophen in the lipid bilayer significantly impacts the spherical phospholipid self-assembly in terms of its morphology as well as influences the lipid content in the bilayer, causing a decrease in bending rigidity. We discussed how the overall impact of APAP molecules on the pure lipid membrane may play a significant role in the drug's mechanisms of action. Our results showed the incorporation of APAP reduces membrane rigidity as well as changes the spherical unilamellar vesicles into much more irregularly shaped vesicles. Although bilayer structure did not show much change when observed by SAXS, NSE and cryo-TEM results showed the lipid dynamics change with the addition of APAP in the bilayer which causes the overall decreased membrane rigidity. A strong effect on the lipid tail motion was also observed. rigidity. A strong effect on the lipid tail motion was also observed.

Published
2021

13. A soil-inspired dynamically responsive chemical system for microbial modulation

Author

Lin, Yiliang, Gao, Xiang, Yue, Jiping, Fang, Yin, Shi, Jiuyun, Meng, Lingyuan, Clayton, Clementene, Zhang, Xin-Xing, Shi, Fengyuan, Deng, Junjing, Chen, Si, Jiang, Yi, Marin, Fabricio, Hu, Jingtian, Tsai, Hsiu-Ming, Tu, Qing, Roth, Eric W., Bleher, Reiner, Chen, Xinqi, Griffin, Philip, Cai, Zhonghou, Prominski, Aleksander, Odom, Teri W., and Tian, Bozhi

Published
2023
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15. The economic well-being of nations is associated with positive daily situational experiences

Author

Beramendi, Maite, Bastian, Brock, Neubauer, Aljoscha, Cortez, Diego, Roth, Eric, Torres, Ana, Zanini, Daniela S., Petkova, Kristina, Tracy, Jessica, Amiot, Catherine, Pelletier-Dumas, Mathieu, González, Roberto, Rosenbluth, Ana, Salgado, Sergio, Guan, Yanjun, Yang, Yu, Forero, Diego, Camargo, Andrés, Papastefanakis, Emmanouil, Kritsotakis, Georgios, Spyridaki, Eirini, Fragkiadaki, Evangelia, Jerneić, Željko, Hřebíčková, Martina, Graf, Sylvie, Strøbæk, Pernille, Realo, Anu, Becker, Maja, Maisonneuve, Christelle, El-Astal, Sofian, Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer Lado, Rauthmann, John, Ziegler, Matthias, Penke, Lars, Buchtel, Emma E., Yeung, Victoria Wai-Lan, Kun, Ágota, Gadanecz, Peter, Vass, Zoltán, Smohai, Máté, Lavalekar, Anagha, Aurelia, Meta Zahro, Kinayung, Dian, Gaffar, Vanessa, Sullivan, Gavin, Day, Christopher, Rechter, Eyal, Perugini, Marco, Costantini, Giulio, Gnisci, Augusto, Sergi, Ida, Senese, Vincenzo Paolo, Mottola, Francesca, Sato, Tatsuya, Nakata, Yuki, Kawamoto, Shizuka, Komiya, Asuka, Al-Zoubi, Marwan, Owsley, Nicholas, Jang, Chaning, Mburu, Georgina, Ngina, Irene, Dimdins, Girts, Barkauskiene, Rasa, Laurinavicius, Alfredas, Markovikj, Marijana, Serafimovska, Eleonara, Mastor, Khairul A., Kruse, Elliott, Ramírez-Esparza, Nairán, Denissen, Jaap, Van Aken, Marcel, Fischer, Ron, Onyishi, Ike E., Ogba, Kalu T., Leknes, Siri, Holen, Vera Waldal, Hansen, Ingelin, Tamnes, Christian Krog, Klæva, Kaia, Kausar, Rukhsana, Khan, Nashi, Rizwan, Muhammad, Espinosa, Agustín, Gastardo-Conaco, Maria Cecilia, Quiñones, Diwa Malaya A., Izdebski, Paweł, Kotyśko, Martyna, Szarota, Piotr, Henriques-Calado, Joana, Sava, Florin Alin, Lvova, Olya, Pogrebitskaya, Victoria, Allakhverdov, Mikhail, Manichev, Sergey, Barry, Oumar, Smederevac, Snežana, Čolović, Petar, Mitrović, Dušanka, Oljača, Milan, Hong, Ryan, Halama, Peter, Musek, Janek, De Kock, Francois, Han, Gyuseog, Suh, Eunkook M., Choi, Soyeon, Gallardo-Pujol, David, Oceja, Luis, Villar, Sergio, Kekecs, Zoltan, Arlinghaus, Nils, Johnson, Daniel P., O'Donnell, Alice Kathryn, Kulich, Clara, Lorenzi-Cioldi, Fabio, Bühler, Janina Larissa, Allemand, Mathias, Chang, Yen-Ping, Lin, Wei-fang, Boonyasiriwat, Watcharaporn, Saribay, S. Adil, Somer, Oya, Akalin, Pelin Karakus, Baguma, Peter Kakubeire, Vinogradov, Alexander, Zhuravlova, Larisa, Conner, Mark, Rentfrow, Jason, Tullett, Alexa, Sauerberger, Kyle, Colman, Douglas E., Cheng, Joey T., Stocks, Eric, Thi Thu Bui, Huyen, Gardiner, Gwendolyn, Lee, Daniel I., Baranski, Erica, and Funder, David C.

Published
2023
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18. A longitudinal analysis of cannabis use and mental health symptoms among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in Vancouver, Canada

Author

Chou, Frank Y, Armstrong, Heather L, Wang, Lu, Bacani, Nicanor, Lachowsky, Nathan J, Patterson, Thomas L, Walsh, Zach, Olarewaju, Gbolahan, Card, Kiffer G, Roth, Eric A, Hogg, Robert S, and Moore, David M

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Public Health, Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Psychology, HIV/AIDS, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Brain Disorders, Depression, Mental Health, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Aetiology, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Canada, Cohort Studies, HIV Infections, HIV Seropositivity, Homosexuality, Male, Humans, Logistic Models, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Marijuana Abuse, Mental Disorders, Middle Aged, Sexual Behavior, Sexual and Gender Minorities, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Cannabis, Men who have sex with men, Anxiety, Longitudinal, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

BackgroundCannabis use, anxiety, and depression are common among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) and some report using cannabis to manage mental health symptoms.MethodsSexually-active gbMSM aged ≥16 years were recruited into a longitudinal cohort through respondent-driven sampling and completed study visits every six months. Data on demographics, drug use, and anxiety and depression symptoms were collected via a self-administered computer-based survey. A study nurse determined previous mental health diagnoses and treatment. Using multivariable generalized linear mixed models, we examined factors associated with regular cannabis use (≥weekly in the previous 3 months) and, among individuals who reported anxiety or depression/bipolar diagnoses, factors associated with moderate/severe anxiety or depression symptoms.ResultsOf 774 participants (551 HIV-negative, 223 HIV-seropositive), 250 (32.3%) reported regular cannabis use, 200 (26.4%) reported ever being diagnosed with anxiety, and 299 (39.3%) reported ever being diagnosed with depression or bipolar disorder at baseline. Regular cannabis use was positively associated with HIV-seropositivity (aOR = 2.23, 95%CI:1.40-3.54) and previous mental health diagnosis (aOR = 1.52, 95%CI: 1.00-2.31, p = 0.05). Among those previously diagnosed with anxiety or depression/bipolar disorder, regular cannabis use was not associated with moderate/severe anxiety (aOR = 1.16, 95%CI:0.69-1.94) or depression symptoms (aOR = 0.96, 95%CI:0.59-1.58), respectively.LimitationsBecause of observational study design, we are unable to determine absolute effect.ConclusionsRegular cannabis use was more likely among HIV-positive gbMSM and those previously diagnosed with a mental health disorder. No association was found between regular cannabis use and severity of anxious or depressive symptoms among those diagnosed with these conditions.

Published
2019

19. Family still matters: Human social motivation across 42 countries during a global pandemic

Author

Pick, Cari M., Ko, Ahra, Wormley, Alexandra S., Wiezel, Adi, Kenrick, Douglas T., Al-Shawaf, Laith, Barry, Oumar, Bereby-Meyer, Yoella, Boonyasiriwat, Watcharaporn, Brandstätter, Eduard, Crispim, Ana Carla, Cruz, Julio Eduardo, David, Daniel, David, Oana A., Defelipe, Renata Pereira, Elmas, Pinar, Espinosa, Agustín, Fernandez, Ana Maria, Fetvadjiev, Velichko H., Fetvadjieva, Stefka, Fischer, Ronald, Galdi, Silvia, Galindo-Caballero, Oscar Javier, Golovina, Galina M., Gomez-Jacinto, Luis, Graf, Sylvie, Grossmann, Igor, Gul, Pelin, Halama, Peter, Hamamura, Takeshi, Hansson, Lina S., Hitokoto, Hidefumi, Hřebíčková, Martina, Ilic, Darinka, Johnson, Jennifer Lee, Kara-Yakoubian, Mane, Karl, Johannes A., Kohút, Michal, Lasselin, Julie, Li, Norman P., Mafra, Anthonieta Looman, Malanchuk, Oksana, Moran, Simone, Murata, Asuka, Ndiaye, Serigne Abdou Lahat, O, Jiaqing, Onyishi, Ike E., Pasay-an, Eddieson, Rizwan, Muhammed, Roth, Eric, Salgado, Sergio, Samoylenko, Elena S., Savchenko, Tatyana N., Sevincer, A. Timur, Skoog, Eric, Stanciu, Adrian, Suh, Eunkook M., Sznycer, Daniel, Talhelm, Thomas, Ugwu, Fabian O., Uskul, Ayse K., Uz, Irem, Valentova, Jaroslava Varella, Varella, Marco Antonio Correa, Zambrano, Danilo, and Varnum, Michael E.W.

Published
2022
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20. Publisher Correction: Fundamental social motives measured across forty-two cultures in two waves

Author

Pick, Cari M., Ko, Ahra, Kenrick, Douglas T., Wiezel, Adi, Wormley, Alexandra S., Awad, Edmond, Al-Shawaf, Laith, Barry, Oumar, Bereby-Meyer, Yoella, Boonyasiriwat, Watcharaporn, Brandstätter, Eduard, Ceylan-Batur, Suzan, Choy, Bryan K. C., Crispim, Ana Carla, Cruz, Julio Eduardo, David, Daniel, David, Oana A., Defelipe, Renata Pereira, Elmas, Pinar, Espinosa, Agustín, Fernandez, Ana Maria, Fetvadjiev, Velichko H., Fetvadjieva, Stefka, Fischer, Ronald, Galdi, Silvia, Galindo-Caballero, Oscar Javier, Golovina, Elena V., Golovina, Galina M., Gomez-Jacinto, Luis, Graf, Sylvie, Grossmann, Igor, Gul, Pelin, Halama, Peter, Hamamura, Takeshi, Han, Shihui, Hansson, Lina S., Hitokoto, Hidefumi, Hřebíčková, Martina, Ilic, Darinka, Johnson, Jennifer Lee, Kara-Yakoubian, Mane, Karl, Johannes A., Kim, Jinseok P., Kohút, Michal, Lasselin, Julie, Lee, Hwaryung, Li, Norman P., Mafra, Anthonieta Looman, Malanchuk, Oksana, Moran, Simone, Murata, Asuka, Na, Jinkyung, Ndiaye, Serigne Abdou Lahat, O, Jiaqing, Onyishi, Ike E., Pasay-an, Eddieson, Rizwan, Muhammed, Roth, Eric, Salgado, Sergio, Samoylenko, Elena S., Savchenko, Tatyana N., Sette, Catarina, Sevincer, A. Timur, Skoog, Eric, Stanciu, Adrian, Suh, Eunkook M., Sznycer, Daniel, Talhelm, Thomas, Ugwu, Fabian O., Uskul, Ayse K., Uz, Irem, Valentova, Jaroslava Varella, Varella, Marco Antonio Correa, Wei, Liuqing, Zambrano, Danilo, and Varnum, Michael E. W.

Published
2022
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23. Fundamental social motives measured across forty-two cultures in two waves

Author

Pick, Cari M., Ko, Ahra, Kenrick, Douglas T., Wiezel, Adi, Wormley, Alexandra S., Awad, Edmond, Al-Shawaf, Laith, Barry, Oumar, Bereby-Meyer, Yoella, Boonyasiriwat, Watcharaporn, Brandstätter, Eduard, Ceylan-Batur, Suzan, Choy, Bryan K. C., Crispim, Ana Carla, Cruz, Julio Eduardo, David, Daniel, David, Oana A., Defelipe, Renata Pereira, Elmas, Pinar, Espinosa, Agustín, Fernandez, Ana Maria, Fetvadjiev, Velichko H., Fetvadjieva, Stefka, Fischer, Ronald, Galdi, Silvia, Galindo-Caballero, Oscar Javier, Golovina, Elena V., Golovina, Galina M., Gomez-Jacinto, Luis, Graf, Sylvie, Grossmann, Igor, Gul, Pelin, Halama, Peter, Hamamura, Takeshi, Han, Shihui, Hansson, Lina S., Hitokoto, Hidefumi, Hřebíčková, Martina, Ilic, Darinka, Johnson, Jennifer Lee, Kara-Yakoubian, Mane, Karl, Johannes A., Kim, Jinseok P., Kohút, Michal, Lasselin, Julie, Lee, Hwaryung, Li, Norman P., Mafra, Anthonieta Looman, Malanchuk, Oksana, Moran, Simone, Murata, Asuka, Na, Jinkyung, Ndiaye, Serigne Abdou Lahat, O, Jiaqing, Onyishi, Ike E., Pasay-an, Eddieson, Rizwan, Muhammed, Roth, Eric, Salgado, Sergio, Samoylenko, Elena S., Savchenko, Tatyana N., Sette, Catarina, Sevincer, A. Timur, Skoog, Eric, Stanciu, Adrian, Suh, Eunkook M., Sznycer, Daniel, Talhelm, Thomas, Ugwu, Fabian O., Uskul, Ayse K., Uz, Irem, Valentova, Jaroslava Varella, Varella, Marco Antonio Correa, Wei, Liuqing, Zambrano, Danilo, and Varnum, Michael E. W.

Published
2022
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25. The additive effects of depressive symptoms and polysubstance use on HIV risk among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men

Author

Card, Kiffer G, Lachowsky, Nathan J, Armstrong, Heather L, Cui, Zishan, Wang, Lu, Sereda, Paul, Jollimore, Jody, Patterson, Thomas L, Corneil, Trevor, Hogg, Robert S, Roth, Eric A, and Moore, David M

Subjects
Clinical and Health Psychology, Health Sciences, Psychology, Substance Misuse, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Depression, HIV/AIDS, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Aetiology, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, British Columbia, Comorbidity, Correlation of Data, HIV Infections, Homosexuality, Male, Humans, Illicit Drugs, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Sexual and Gender Minorities, Substance-Related Disorders, Unsafe Sex, Gay and bisexual men, Polysubstance use, Alcohol use, HIV risk, Depressive symptoms, Public Health and Health Services, Substance Abuse, Public health, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

IntroductionAmong gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM), collinearity between polysubstance use and mental health concerns has obscured their combined effects on HIV risk with multivariable results often highlighting only one or the other.MethodsWe used mediation and moderation analyses to examine the effects of polysubstance use and depressive symptoms on high-risk sex (i.e., condomless anal sex with serodiscordant/unknown status partner) in a sample of sexually-active GBM, aged ≥16 years, recruited in Metro Vancouver using respondent driven sampling. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores assessed mental health. Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test scores assessed alcohol disorders. Poly-use of multiple drug types (e.g., stimulants, sedatives, opiates, hallucinogens) was assessed over the previous six months.ResultsAmong 719 predominantly white (68.0%), gay-identified (80.7%) GBM, alcohol use was not associated with increased prevalence of high-risk sex. Controlling for demographic factors and partner number, an interaction between polysubstance use and depressive symptoms revealed that the combined effects were additively associated with increased odds for high-risk sex. Mediation models showed that polysubstance use partially mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and high-risk sex.ConclusionAn interaction effect between polysubstance use (defined by using 3 or more substances in the past six months) and depressive symptoms (defined by HADS scores) revealed that the combination of these factors was associated with increased risk for high-risk sex - supporting a syndemic understanding of the production of HIV risk.

Published
2018

27. Nanoparticle Retinoic Acid-Inducible Gene I Agonist for Cancer Immunotherapy

Author

Wang-Bishop, Lihong, primary, Wehbe, Mohamed, additional, Pastora, Lucinda E., additional, Yang, Jinming, additional, Kimmel, Blaise R., additional, Garland, Kyle M., additional, Becker, Kyle W., additional, Carson, Carcia S., additional, Roth, Eric W., additional, Gibson-Corley, Katherine N., additional, Ulkoski, David, additional, Krishnamurthy, Venkata, additional, Fedorova, Olga, additional, Richmond, Ann, additional, Pyle, Anna Marie, additional, and Wilson, John T., additional

Published
2024
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34. Lifetime Doctor-Diagnosed Mental Health Conditions and Current Substance Use Among Gay and Bisexual Men Living in Vancouver, Canada

Author

Lachowsky, Nathan J, Dulai, Joshun JS, Cui, Zishan, Sereda, Paul, Rich, Ashleigh, Patterson, Thomas L, Corneil, Trevor T, Montaner, Julio SG, Roth, Eric A, Hogg, Robert S, and Moore, David M

Subjects
Clinical Research, Substance Misuse, Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Behavioral and Social Science, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Amphetamine-Related Disorders, British Columbia, HIV Seropositivity, Heroin Dependence, Homosexuality, Male, Humans, Income, Logistic Models, Male, Mental Disorders, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Sexual and Gender Minorities, Substance-Related Disorders, Anxiety, depression, drug use, mental illness, sexual minority, syndemics, Public Health and Health Services, Psychology, Substance Abuse
Abstract

BackgroundStudies have found that gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM) have higher rates of mental health conditions and substance use than heterosexual men, but are limited by issues of representativeness.ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence and correlates of mental health disorders among GBM in Metro Vancouver, Canada.MethodsFrom 2012 to 2014, the Momentum Health Study recruited GBM (≥16 years) via respondent-driven sampling (RDS) to estimate population parameters. Computer-assisted self-interviews (CASI) collected demographic, psychosocial, and behavioral information, while nurse-administered structured interviews asked about mental health diagnoses and treatment. Multivariate logistic regression using manual backward selection was used to identify covariates for any lifetime doctor diagnosed: (1) alcohol/substance use disorder and (2) any other mental health disorder.ResultsOf 719 participants, 17.4% reported a substance use disorder and 35.2% reported any other mental health disorder; 24.0% of all GBM were currently receiving treatment. A lifetime substance use disorder diagnosis was negatively associated with being a student (AOR = 0.52, 95% CI [confidence interval]: 0.27-0.99) and an annual income ≥$30,000 CAD (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.21-0.67) and positively associated with HIV-positive serostatus (AOR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.63-3.96), recent crystal methamphetamine use (AOR = 2.73, 95% CI: 1.69-4.40) and recent heroin use (AOR = 5.59, 95% CI: 2.39-13.12). Any other lifetime mental health disorder diagnosis was negatively associated with self-identifying as Latin American (AOR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.08-0.81), being a refugee or visa holder (AOR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.05-0.65), and living outside Vancouver (AOR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33-0.82), and positively associated with abnormal anxiety symptomology scores (AOR = 3.05, 95% CI: 2.06-4.51).ConclusionsMental health conditions and substance use, which have important implications for clinical and public health practice, were highly prevalent and co-occurring.

Published
2017

40. Measurement of colloidal phenomena during flow through refractive index matched porous media

Author

Roth, Eric J, Mont-Eton, Michael E, Gilbert, Benjamin, Lei, Tim C, and Mays, David C

Subjects
Hydrology, Soil Sciences, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Sciences, Physical Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Applied Physics, Chemical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

Colloidal phenomena in porous media, natural or engineered, are important in a breadth of science and technology applications, but fundamental understanding is hampered by the difficulty in measuring colloid deposit morphology in situ. To partially address this need, this paper describes a static light scattering apparatus using a flow cell filled with refractive index matched (RIM) porous media, allowing real-time measurement of colloidal phenomena as a function of depth within the flow cell. A laser interacts with the colloids in the pore space and their structures, but not with the RIM media. The intensity of scattered light is measured as a function of scattering angle, which allows characterization of colloid deposit morphology as a fractal dimension and a radius of gyration. In parallel, fluid discharge rate and pressure drop are recorded to determine permeability, a key parameter for any application involving flow through porous media. This apparatus should prove useful in any application requiring characterization of colloidal phenomena within porous media. Additionally, this paper describes how to use granular Nafion as RIM porous media.

Published
2015

41. Colloid Deposit Morphology and Clogging in Porous Media: Fundamental Insights Through Investigation of Deposit Fractal Dimension

Author

Roth, Eric J, Gilbert, Benjamin, and Mays, David C

Subjects
Colloids, Filtration, Fractals, Osmolar Concentration, Permeability, Porosity, Scattering, Radiation, Environmental Sciences
Abstract

Experiments reveal a wide discrepancy between the permeability of porous media containing colloid deposits and the available predictive equations. Evidence suggests that this discrepancy results, in part, from the predictive equations failing to account for colloid deposit morphology. This article reports a series of experiments using static light scattering (SLS) to characterize colloid deposit morphology within refractive index matched (RIM) porous media during flow through a column. Real time measurements of permeability, specific deposit, deposit fractal dimension, and deposit radius of gyration, at different vertical positions, were conducted with initially clean porous media at various ionic strengths and fluid velocities. Decreased permeability (i.e., increased clogging) corresponded with higher specific deposit, lower fractal dimension, and smaller radius of gyration. During deposition, fractal dimension, radius of gyration, and permeability decreased with increasing specific deposit. During flushing with colloid-free fluid, these trends reversed, with increased fractal dimension, radius of gyration, and permeability. These observations suggest a deposition scenario in which large and uniform aggregates become deposits, which reduce porosity, lead to higher fluid shear forces, which then decompose the deposits, filling the pore space with small and dendritic fragments of aggregate.

Published
2015

45. List of contributors

Author

Abdolmaleky, Hamid Mostafavi, primary, Akbarian, Schahram, additional, Ambrosini, Alexander, additional, Avramopoulos, Dimitrios, additional, Bendersky, Cari J., additional, Bendl, Jaroslav, additional, Bérubé, Nathalie G., additional, Bhat, Unis Ahmad, additional, Borreggine, Kristin, additional, Braun, Patricia R., additional, Brennand, Kristen J., additional, Castro, Amanda, additional, Chakravarty, Sumana, additional, Chang, Connie, additional, Cohen, Sophie, additional, Coppedè, Fabio, additional, Dahrendorff, Jan, additional, Dunn, Jeffrey T., additional, Eberwine, James H., additional, Elia, Josephine, additional, Fang, Gang, additional, Fels, Samuel, additional, Fernando, Michael B., additional, Franklin, Tamara Brook, additional, Fries, Gabriel R., additional, Frizzola, Meg, additional, Fullard, John F., additional, Ganguly, Sebanti, additional, Gapp, Katharina, additional, Garcia, Meilin Fernandez, additional, Gatta, Eleonora, additional, Grayson, Dennis R., additional, Gropman, Andrea L., additional, Guidotti, Alessandro, additional, Gupta, Praveer, additional, Hakonarson, Hakon, additional, Hunter, Richard G., additional, Imamura, Takuya, additional, Izaki, Yumiko, additional, Jakub, Taryn, additional, Keung, Crystal, additional, Kramer, Jamie M., additional, Kumar, Arvind, additional, Kundakovic, Marija, additional, Labonté, Benoit, additional, LaMarca, Elizabeth A., additional, Lee, Richard S., additional, Lima, Camila N.C., additional, Lutz, Pierre-Eric, additional, Matt, Stephanie M., additional, Milian, Allison A., additional, Miyashiro, Kevin Y., additional, Murgatroyd, Chris, additional, Nakashima, Kinichi, additional, Paul, Bidisha, additional, Peedicayil, Jacob, additional, Pinjari, Omar F., additional, Poddar, Karuna, additional, Potash, James B., additional, Powell, Samuel K., additional, Quesnel, Katerine, additional, Rayfield, Jessica, additional, Reddy, R. Gajendra, additional, Richter, Troy A., additional, Roth, Eric D., additional, Roth, Tania L., additional, Roussos, Panos, additional, Ruzicka, W. Brad, additional, Salarda, Erika M., additional, Santhosh, Samuel, additional, Saudagar, Vikram, additional, Stoccoro, Andrea, additional, Syed, Shariful A., additional, Thiagalingam, Sam, additional, Tollefsbol, Trygve O., additional, Turecki, Gustavo, additional, Uddin, Monica, additional, Uesaka, Masahiro, additional, Walker, Deena, additional, Yamamoto, Naoki, additional, Yost, Oliver, additional, and Zannas, Anthony S., additional

Published
2021
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