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6. Notable shifts beyond pre-industrial streamflow and soil moisture conditions transgress the planetary boundary for freshwater change

Author

Porkka, Miina, Virkki, Vili, Wang-Erlandsson, Lan, Gerten, Dieter, Gleeson, Tom, Mohan, Chinchu, Fetzer, Ingo, Jaramillo, Fernando, Staal, Arie, te Wierik, Sofie, Tobian, Arne, van der Ent, Ruud, Döll, Petra, Flörke, Martina, Gosling, Simon N., Hanasaki, Naota, Satoh, Yusuke, Müller Schmied, Hannes, Wanders, Niko, Famiglietti, James S., Rockström, Johan, and Kummu, Matti

Published
2024
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7. Translating Earth system boundaries for cities and businesses

Author

Bai, Xuemei, Hasan, Syezlin, Andersen, Lauren Seaby, Bjørn, Anders, Kilkiş, Şiir, Ospina, Daniel, Liu, Jianguo, Cornell, Sarah E., Sabag Muñoz, Oscar, de Bremond, Ariane, Crona, Beatrice, DeClerck, Fabrice, Gupta, Joyeeta, Hoff, Holger, Nakicenovic, Nebojsa, Obura, David, Whiteman, Gail, Broadgate, Wendy, Lade, Steven J., Rocha, Juan, Rockström, Johan, Stewart-Koster, Ben, van Vuuren, Detlef, and Zimm, Caroline

Published
2024
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8. A sustainable waste-to-protein system to maximise waste resource utilisation for developing food- and feed-grade protein solutions

Author

Piercy, Ellen, Verstraete, Willy, Ellis, Peter R., Rockström, Johan, Smith, Pete, Witard, Oliver, Hallett, Jason, Hogstrand, Christer, Knott, Geoffrey, Karwati, Ai, Rasoarahona, Henintso Felamboahangy, Leslie, Andrew, He, Yiying, Banks, Mason, and Guo, Miao

Subjects
Physics - Physics and Society, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

A waste-to-protein system that integrates a range of waste-to-protein upgrading technologies has the potential to converge innovations on zero-waste and protein security to ensure a sustainable protein future. We present a global overview of food-safe and feed-safe waste resource potential and technologies to sort and transform such waste streams with compositional quality characteristics into food-grade or feed-grade protein. The identified streams are rich in carbon and nutrients and absent of pathogens and hazardous contaminants, including food waste streams, lignocellulosic waste from agricultural residues and forestry, and contaminant-free waste from the food and drink industry. A wide range of chemical, physical, and biological treatments can be applied to extract nutrients and convert waste-carbon to fermentable sugars or other platform chemicals for subsequent conversion to protein. Our quantitative analyses suggest that the waste-to-protein system has the potential to maximise recovery of various low-value resources and catalyse the transformative solutions toward a sustainable protein future. However, novel protein regulation processes remain expensive and resource intensive in many countries, with protracted timelines for approval. This poses a significant barrier to market expansion, despite accelerated research and development in waste-to-protein technologies and novel protein sources. Thus, the waste-to-protein system is an important initiative to promote metabolic health across the lifespan and tackle the global hunger crisis., Comment: 40 pages, 5 figures. Supplementary materials can be accessed on request to corresponding author Miao Guo: miao.guo@kcl.ac.uk

Published
2022

9. Ten New Insights in Climate Science 2023/2024

Author

Bustamante, Mercedes, Roy, Joyashree, Ospina, Daniel, Achakulwisut, Ploy, Aggarwal, Anubha, Bastos, Ana, Broadgate, Wendy, Canadell, Josep G, Carr, Edward R, Chen, Deliang, Cleugh, Helen A, Ebi, Kristie L, Edwards, Clea, Farbotko, Carol, Fernández-Martínez, Marcos, Frölicher, Thomas L, Fuss, Sabine, Geden, Oliver, Gruber, Nicolas, Harrington, Luke J, Hauck, Judith, Hausfather, Zeke, Hebden, Sophie, Hebinck, Aniek, Huq, Saleemul, Huss, Matthias, Jamero, M Laurice P, Juhola, Sirkku, Kumarasinghe, Nilushi, Lwasa, Shuaib, Mallick, Bishawjit, Martin, Maria, McGreevy, Steven, Mirazo, Paula, Mukherji, Aditi, Muttitt, Greg, Nemet, Gregory F, Obura, David, Okereke, Chukwumerije, Oliver, Tom, Orlove, Ben, Ouedraogo, Nadia S, Patra, Prabir K, Pelling, Mark, Pereira, Laura M, Persson, Åsa, Pongratz, Julia, Prakash, Anjal, Rammig, Anja, Raymond, Colin, Redman, Aaron, Reveco, Cristobal, Rockström, Johan, Rodrigues, Regina, Rounce, David R, Schipper, E Lisa F, Schlosser, Peter, Selomane, Odirilwe, Semieniuk, Gregor, Shin, Yunne-Jai, Siddiqui, Tasneem A, Singh, Vartika, Sioen, Giles B, Sokona, Youba, Stammer, Detlef, Steinert, Norman J, Suk, Sunhee, Sutton, Rowan, Thalheimer, Lisa, Thompson, Vikki, Trencher, Gregory, van der Geest, Kees, Werners, Saskia E, Wübbelmann, Thea, Wunderling, Nico, Yin, Jiabo, Zickfeld, Kirsten, and Zscheischler, Jakob

Subjects
Development Studies, Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, Environmental Sciences, Human Society, Climate change impacts and adaptation, Development studies
Abstract

Non-technical summary: We identify a set of essential recent advances in climate change research with high policy relevance, across natural and social sciences: (1) looming inevitability and implications of overshooting the 1.5°C warming limit, (2) urgent need for a rapid and managed fossil fuel phase-out, (3) challenges for scaling carbon dioxide removal, (4) uncertainties regarding the future contribution of natural carbon sinks, (5) intertwinedness of the crises of biodiversity loss and climate change, (6) compound events, (7) mountain glacier loss, (8) human immobility in the face of climate risks, (9) adaptation justice, and (10) just transitions in food systems. Technical summary The IPCC Assessment Reports offer the scientific foundation for international climate negotiations and constitute an unmatched resource for climate change researchers. However, the assessment cycles take multiple years. As a contribution to cross- and interdisciplinary understanding across diverse climate change research communities, we have streamlined an annual process to identify and synthesise essential research advances. We collected input from experts on different fields using an online questionnaire and prioritised a set of ten key research insights with high policy relevance. This year we focus on: (1) looming overshoot of the 1.5°C warming limit, (2) urgency of phasing-out fossil fuels, (3) challenges for scaling carbon dioxide removal, (4) uncertainties regarding the future of natural carbon sinks, (5) need for join governance of biodiversity loss and climate change, (6) advances in the science of compound events, (7) mountain glacier loss, (8) human immobility in the face of climate risks, (9) adaptation justice, and (10) just transitions in food systems. We first present a succinct account of these Insights, reflect on their policy implications, and offer an integrated set of policy relevant messages. This science synthesis and science communication effort is also the basis for a report targeted to policymakers as a contribution to elevate climate science every year, in time for the UNFCCC COP. Social media summary We highlight recent and policy-relevant advances in climate change research - with input from more than 200 experts 1.

Published
2023

10. Living within the safe and just Earth system boundaries for blue water

Author

Stewart-Koster, Ben, Bunn, Stuart E., Green, Pamela, Ndehedehe, Christopher, Andersen, Lauren S., Armstrong McKay, David I., Bai, Xuemei, DeClerck, Fabrice, Ebi, Kristie L., Gordon, Christopher, Gupta, Joyeeta, Hasan, Syezlin, Jacobson, Lisa, Lade, Steven J., Liverman, Diana, Loriani, Sina, Mohamed, Awaz, Nakicenovic, Nebojsa, Obura, David, Qin, Dahe, Rammelt, Crelis, Rocha, Juan C., Rockström, Johan, Verburg, Peter H., and Zimm, Caroline

Published
2024
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11. Conceptualizing World-Earth System resilience: Exploring transformation pathways towards a safe and just operating space for humanity

Author

Anderies, John M., Barfuss, Wolfram, Donges, Jonathan F., Fetzer, Ingo, Heitzig, Jobst, and Rockström, Johan

Subjects
Physics - Physics and Society
Abstract

We develop a framework within which to conceptualize World-Earth System resilience. Our notion of World-Earth System resilience emphasizes the need to move beyond the basin of attraction notion of resilience as we are not in a basin we can stay in. We are on a trajectory to a new basin and we have to avoid falling into undesirable basins. We thus focus on `pathway resilience', i.e. the relative number of paths that allow us to move from the transitional operating space we occupy now as we leave the Holocene basin to a safe and just operating space in the Anthropocene. We develop a mathematical model to formalize this conceptualization and demonstrate how interactions between earth system resilience (biophysical processes) and world system resilience (social processes) impact pathway resilience. Our findings show that building earth system resilience is probably our only chance to reach a safe and just operating space. We also illustrate the importance of world system dynamics by showing how the notion of fairness coupled with regional inequality affects pathway resilience.

Published
2022

12. A just world on a safe planet: a Lancet Planetary Health–Earth Commission report on Earth-system boundaries, translations, and transformations

Author

Gupta, Joyeeta, Bai, Xuemei, Liverman, Diana M, Rockström, Johan, Qin, Dahe, Stewart-Koster, Ben, Rocha, Juan C, Jacobson, Lisa, Abrams, Jesse F, Andersen, Lauren S, Armstrong McKay, David I, Bala, Govindasamy, Bunn, Stuart E, Ciobanu, Daniel, DeClerck, Fabrice, Ebi, Kristie L, Gifford, Lauren, Gordon, Christopher, Hasan, Syezlin, Kanie, Norichika, Lenton, Timothy M, Loriani, Sina, Mohamed, Awaz, Nakicenovic, Nebojsa, Obura, David, Ospina, Daniel, Prodani, Klaudia, Rammelt, Crelis, Sakschewski, Boris, Scholtens, Joeri, Tharammal, Thejna, van Vuuren, Detlef, Verburg, Peter H, Winkelmann, Ricarda, Zimm, Caroline, Bennett, Elena, Bjørn, Anders, Bringezu, Stefan, Broadgate, Wendy J, Bulkeley, Harriet, Crona, Beatrice, Green, Pamela A, Hoff, Holger, Huang, Lei, Hurlbert, Margot, Inoue, Cristina Y A, Kılkış, Şiir, Lade, Steven J, Liu, Jianguo, Nadeem, Imran, Ndehedehe, Christopher, Okereke, Chukwumerije, Otto, Ilona M, Pedde, Simona, Pereira, Laura, Schulte-Uebbing, Lena, Tàbara, J David, de Vries, Wim, Whiteman, Gail, Xiao, Cunde, Xu, Xinwu, Zafra-Calvo, Noelia, Zhang, Xin, Fezzigna, Paola, and Gentile, Giuliana

Published
2024
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16. Ten new insights in climate science 2022

Author

Martin, Maria A, Boakye, Emmanuel A, Boyd, Emily, Broadgate, Wendy, Bustamante, Mercedes, Canadell, Josep G, Carr, Edward R, Chu, Eric K, Cleugh, Helen, Csevár, Szilvia, Daoudy, Marwa, de Bremond, Ariane, Dhimal, Meghnath, Ebi, Kristie L, Edwards, Clea, Fuss, Sabine, Girardin, Martin P, Glavovic, Bruce, Hebden, Sophie, Hirota, Marina, Hsu, Huang-Hsiung, Huq, Saleemul, Ingold, Karin, Johannessen, Ola M, Kameyama, Yasuko, Kumarasinghe, Nilushi, Langendijk, Gaby S, Lissner, Tabea, Lwasa, Shuaib, Machalaba, Catherine, Maltais, Aaron, Mathai, Manu V, Mbow, McNamara, Karen E, Mukherji, Aditi, Murray, Virginia, Mysiak, Jaroslav, Okereke, Chukwumerije, Ospina, Daniel, Otto, Friederike, Prakash, Anjal, Pulhin, Juan M, Raju, Emmanuel, Redman, Aaron, Rigaud, Kanta K, Rockström, Johan, Roy, Joyashree, Schipper, E Lisa F, Schlosser, Peter, Schulz, Karsten A, Schumacher, Kim, Schwarz, Luana, Scown, Murray, Šedová, Barbora, Siddiqui, Tasneem A, Singh, Chandni, Sioen, Giles B, Stammer, Detlef, Steinert, Norman J, Suk, Sunhee, Sutton, Rowan, Thalheimer, Lisa, van Aalst, Maarten, van der Geest, Kees, and Zhao, Zhirong Jerry

Subjects
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, Environmental Sciences, Climate Action, Life on Land, adaptation and mitigation, climate security, earth systems, ecology and biodiversity, economics, energy, food, gender, human security, policies, politics and governance, water, Climate change impacts and adaptation, Development studies
Abstract

Non-technical summary We summarize what we assess as the past year's most important findings within climate change research: limits to adaptation, vulnerability hotspots, new threats coming from the climate-health nexus, climate (im)mobility and security, sustainable practices for land use and finance, losses and damages, inclusive societal climate decisions and ways to overcome structural barriers to accelerate mitigation and limit global warming to below 2°C. Technical summary We synthesize 10 topics within climate research where there have been significant advances or emerging scientific consensus since January 2021. The selection of these insights was based on input from an international open call with broad disciplinary scope. Findings concern: (1) new aspects of soft and hard limits to adaptation; (2) the emergence of regional vulnerability hotspots from climate impacts and human vulnerability; (3) new threats on the climate-health horizon - some involving plants and animals; (4) climate (im)mobility and the need for anticipatory action; (5) security and climate; (6) sustainable land management as a prerequisite to land-based solutions; (7) sustainable finance practices in the private sector and the need for political guidance; (8) the urgent planetary imperative for addressing losses and damages; (9) inclusive societal choices for climate-resilient development and (10) how to overcome barriers to accelerate mitigation and limit global warming to below 2°C. Social media summary Science has evidence on barriers to mitigation and how to overcome them to avoid limits to adaptation across multiple fields.

Published
2022

18. Safe and just Earth system boundaries

Author

Rockström, Johan, Gupta, Joyeeta, Qin, Dahe, Lade, Steven J., Abrams, Jesse F., Andersen, Lauren S., Armstrong McKay, David I., Bai, Xuemei, Bala, Govindasamy, Bunn, Stuart E., Ciobanu, Daniel, DeClerck, Fabrice, Ebi, Kristie, Gifford, Lauren, Gordon, Christopher, Hasan, Syezlin, Kanie, Norichika, Lenton, Timothy M., Loriani, Sina, Liverman, Diana M., Mohamed, Awaz, Nakicenovic, Nebojsa, Obura, David, Ospina, Daniel, Prodani, Klaudia, Rammelt, Crelis, Sakschewski, Boris, Scholtens, Joeri, Stewart-Koster, Ben, Tharammal, Thejna, van Vuuren, Detlef, Verburg, Peter H., Winkelmann, Ricarda, Zimm, Caroline, Bennett, Elena M., Bringezu, Stefan, Broadgate, Wendy, Green, Pamela A., Huang, Lei, Jacobson, Lisa, Ndehedehe, Christopher, Pedde, Simona, Rocha, Juan, Scheffer, Marten, Schulte-Uebbing, Lena, de Vries, Wim, Xiao, Cunde, Xu, Chi, Xu, Xinwu, Zafra-Calvo, Noelia, and Zhang, Xin

Published
2023
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19. Earth system justice needed to identify and live within Earth system boundaries

Author

Gupta, Joyeeta, Liverman, Diana, Prodani, Klaudia, Aldunce, Paulina, Bai, Xuemei, Broadgate, Wendy, Ciobanu, Daniel, Gifford, Lauren, Gordon, Chris, Hurlbert, Margot, Inoue, Cristina Y. A., Jacobson, Lisa, Kanie, Norichika, Lade, Steven J., Lenton, Timothy M., Obura, David, Okereke, Chukwumerije, Otto, Ilona M., Pereira, Laura, Rockström, Johan, Scholtens, Joeri, Rocha, Juan, Stewart-Koster, Ben, David Tàbara, J., Rammelt, Crelis, and Verburg, Peter H.

Published
2023
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24. Pathways to a healthy net-zero future: report of the Lancet Pathfinder Commission

Author

Whitmee, Sarah, Green, Rosemary, Belesova, Kristine, Hassan, Syreen, Cuevas, Soledad, Murage, Peninah, Picetti, Roberto, Clercq-Roques, Romain, Murray, Kris, Falconer, Jane, Anton, Blanca, Reynolds, Tamzin, Sharma Waddington, Hugh, Hughes, Robert C, Spadaro, Joseph, Aguilar Jaber, Aimée, Saheb, Yamina, Campbell-Lendrum, Diarmid, Cortés-Puch, Maria, Ebi, Kristie, Huxley, Rachel, Mazzucato, Mariana, Oni, Tolu, de Paula, Nicole, Peng, Gong, Revi, Aromar, Rockström, Johan, Srivastava, Leena, Whitmarsh, Lorraine, Zougmoré, Robert, Phumaphi, Joy, Clark, Helen, and Haines, Andy

Published
2024
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26. Impacts of meeting minimum access on critical earth systems amidst the Great Inequality

Author

Rammelt, Crelis F., Gupta, Joyeeta, Liverman, Diana, Scholtens, Joeri, Ciobanu, Daniel, Abrams, Jesse F., Bai, Xuemei, Gifford, Lauren, Gordon, Christopher, Hurlbert, Margot, Inoue, Cristina Y. A., Jacobson, Lisa, Lade, Steven J., Lenton, Timothy M., McKay, David I. Armstrong, Nakicenovic, Nebojsa, Okereke, Chukwumerije, Otto, Ilona M., Pereira, Laura M., Prodani, Klaudia, Rockström, Johan, Stewart-Koster, Ben, Verburg, Peter H., and Zimm, Caroline

Published
2023
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28. Achieving a nature- and people-positive future

Author

Obura, David O., DeClerck, Fabrice, Verburg, Peter H., Gupta, Joyeeta, Abrams, Jesse F., Bai, Xuemei, Bunn, Stuart, Ebi, Kristie L., Gifford, Lauren, Gordon, Chris, Jacobson, Lisa, Lenton, Timothy M., Liverman, Diana, Mohamed, Awaz, Prodani, Klaudia, Rocha, Juan Carlos, Rockström, Johan, Sakschewski, Boris, Stewart-Koster, Ben, van Vuuren, Detlef, Winkelmann, Ricarda, and Zimm, Caroline

Published
2023
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31. World Scientists’ Warning of a Climate Emergency 2021

Author

RIPPLE, WILLIAM J., WOLF, CHRISTOPHER, NEWSOME, THOMAS M., GREGG, JILLIAN W., LENTON, TIMOTHY M., PALOMO, IGNACIO, EIKELBOOM, JASPER A. J., LAW, BEVERLY E., HUQ, SALEEMUL, DUFFY, PHILIP B., and ROCKSTRÖM, JOHAN

Published
2021

32. A planetary boundary for green water

Author

Wang-Erlandsson, Lan, Tobian, Arne, van der Ent, Ruud J., Fetzer, Ingo, te Wierik, Sofie, Porkka, Miina, Staal, Arie, Jaramillo, Fernando, Dahlmann, Heindriken, Singh, Chandrakant, Greve, Peter, Gerten, Dieter, Keys, Patrick W., Gleeson, Tom, Cornell, Sarah E., Steffen, Will, Bai, Xuemei, and Rockström, Johan

Published
2022
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33. The 2024 state of the climate report: Perilous times on planet Earth.

Author

Ripple, William J, Wolf, Christopher, Gregg, Jillian W, Rockström, Johan, Mann, Michael E, Oreskes, Naomi, Lenton, Timothy M, Rahmstorf, Stefan, Newsome, Thomas M, Xu, Chi, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Pereira, Cássio Cardoso, Law, Beverly E, and Crowther, Thomas W

Subjects
COLLEGE curriculum, CLIMATE change adaptation, STRATOSPHERIC aerosols, HISTORY of science, GREENHOUSE gas mitigation, SEA ice, HEAT waves (Meteorology), WILDFIRES, MELTWATER
Abstract

The 2024 state of the climate report highlights the urgent global climate emergency, emphasizing the perilous times Earth is facing due to irreversible climate disaster. The report underscores the increasing greenhouse gas emissions and ecosystem changes driving climate change, leading to unprecedented disasters and human suffering worldwide. The document calls for immediate action to reduce fossil fuel consumption, mitigate climate impacts, and address the systemic issues contributing to ecological overshoot and societal collapse. The report also emphasizes the need for transformative solutions, including phasing down fossil fuel use, reducing methane emissions, integrating climate change education, and protecting ecosystems to ensure a livable world for future generations. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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34. Our future in the Anthropocene biosphere

Author

Folke, Carl, Polasky, Stephen, Rockström, Johan, Galaz, Victor, Westley, Frances, Lamont, Michèle, Scheffer, Marten, Österblom, Henrik, Carpenter, Stephen R., Chapin, F. Stuart, Seto, Karen C., Weber, Elke U., Crona, Beatrice I., Daily, Gretchen C., Dasgupta, Partha, Gaffney, Owen, Gordon, Line J., Hoff, Holger, Levin, Simon A., Lubchenco, Jane, Steffen, Will, and Walker, Brian H.

Published
2021

35. Scientific mobilization of keystone actors for biosphere stewardship

Author

Österblom, Henrik, Folke, Carl, Rocha, Juan, Bebbington, Jan, Blasiak, Robert, Jouffray, Jean-Baptiste, Selig, Elizabeth R., Wabnitz, Colette C. C., Bengtsson, Frida, Crona, Beatrice, Gupta, Radhika, Henriksson, Patrik J. G., Johansson, Karolin A., Merrie, Andrew, Nakayama, Shinnosuke, Crespo, Guillermo Ortuño, Rockström, Johan, Schultz, Lisen, Sobkowiak, Madlen, Jørgensen, Peter Søgaard, Spijkers, Jessica, Troell, Max, Villarrubia-Gómez, Patricia, and Lubchenco, Jane

Published
2022
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36. The Anthropocene: From Global Change to Planetary Stewardship (2011)

Author

Steffen, Will, Persson, Åsa, Deutsch, Lisa, Zalasiewicz, Jan, Williams, Mark, Richardson, Katherine, Crumley, Carole, Crutzen, Paul J., Folke, Carl, Gordon, Line, Molina, Mario, Ramanathan, Veerabhadran, Rockström, Johan, Scheffer, Martin, Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim, Svedin, Uno, Brauch, Hans Günter, Series Editor, Benner, Susanne, editor, Lax, Gregor, editor, Crutzen, Paul J., editor, Pöschl, Ulrich, editor, and Lelieveld, Jos, editor

Published
2021
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38. Social tipping dynamics for stabilizing Earth’s climate by 2050

Author

Otto, Ilona M., Donges, Jonathan F., Cremades, Roger, Bhowmik, Avit, Hewitt, Richard J., Lucht, Wolfgang, Rockström, Johan, Allerberger, Franziska, McCaffrey, Mark, Doe, Sylvanus S. P., Lenferna, Alex, Morán, Nerea, van Vuuren, Detlef P., and Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim

Published
2020

39. Investment in resilient food systems in the most vulnerable and fragile regions is critical

Author

Queiroz, Cibele, Norström, Albert V., Downing, Andrea, Harmáčková, Zuzana V., De Coning, Cedric, Adams, Vanessa, Bakarr, Mohamed, Baedeker, Tobias, Chitate, Ange, Gaffney, Owen, Gordon, Line, Hainzelin, Étienne, Howlett, David, Krampe, Florian, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Nel, Deon, Okollet, Constance, Rebermark, Maya, Rockström, Johan, Smith, Mark, Wabbes-Candotti, Sylvie, and Matthews, Nathanial

Published
2021
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40. Articulating the effect of food systems innovation on the Sustainable Development Goals

Author

Herrero, Mario, Thornton, Philip K, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Palmer, Jeda, Bodirsky, Benjamin L, Pradhan, Prajal, Barrett, Christopher B, Benton, Tim G, Hall, Andrew, Pikaar, Ilje, Bogard, Jessica R, Bonnett, Graham D, Bryan, Brett A, Campbell, Bruce M, Christensen, Svend, Clark, Michael, Fanzo, Jessica, Godde, Cecile M, Jarvis, Andy, Loboguerrero, Ana Maria, Mathys, Alexander, McIntyre, C Lynne, Naylor, Rosamond L, Nelson, Rebecca, Obersteiner, Michael, Parodi, Alejandro, Popp, Alexander, Ricketts, Katie, Smith, Pete, Valin, Hugo, Vermeulen, Sonja J, Vervoort, Joost, van Wijk, Mark, van Zanten, Hannah HE, West, Paul C, Wood, Stephen A, and Rockström, Johan

Published
2021
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41. The Water Planetary Boundary: Interrogation and Revision

Author

Gleeson, Tom, Wang-Erlandsson, Lan, Zipper, Samuel C., Porkka, Miina, Jaramillo, Fernando, Gerten, Dieter, Fetzer, Ingo, Cornell, Sarah E., Piemontese, Luigi, Gordon, Line J., Rockström, Johan, Oki, Taikan, Sivapalan, Murugesu, Wada, Yoshihide, Brauman, Kate A., Flörke, Martina, Bierkens, Marc F.P., Lehner, Bernhard, Keys, Patrick, Kummu, Matti, Wagener, Thorsten, Dadson, Simon, Troy, Tara J., Steffen, Will, Falkenmark, Malin, and Famiglietti, James S.

Published
2020
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42. Food matters: Dietary shifts increase the feasibility of 1.5°C pathways in line with the Paris Agreement

Author

Humpenöder, Florian, primary, Popp, Alexander, additional, Merfort, Leon, additional, Luderer, Gunnar, additional, Weindl, Isabelle, additional, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, additional, Stevanović, Miodrag, additional, Klein, David, additional, Rodrigues, Renato, additional, Bauer, Nico, additional, Dietrich, Jan Philipp, additional, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional, and Rockström, Johan, additional

Published
2024
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45. The world's biggest gamble

Author

Rockström, Johan, Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim, Hoskins, Brian, Ramanathan, Veerabhadran, Schlosser, Peter, Brasseur, Guy Pierre, Gaffney, Owen, Nobre, Carlos, Meinshausen, Malte, Rogelj, Joeri, and Lucht, Wolfgang

Subjects
Climate Action, climate change, decarbonisation, Paris Agreement, carbon roadmap, carbon budget, Earth system, Atmospheric Sciences, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Environmental Science and Management
Abstract

The scale of the decarbonisation challenge to meet the Paris Agreement is underplayed in the public arena. It will require precipitous emissions reductions within 40 years and a new carbon sink on the scale of the ocean sink. Even then, the world is extremely likely to overshoot. A catastrophic failure of policy, for example, waiting another decade for transformative policy and full commitments to fossil-free economies, will have irreversible and deleterious repercussions for humanity’s remaining time on Earth. Only a global zero carbon roadmap will put the world on a course to phase-out greenhouse gas emissions and create the essential carbon sinks for Earth-system stability, without which, world prosperity is not possible.

Published
2016

46. The planetary commons: A new paradigm for safeguarding Earth-regulating systems in the Anthropocene

Author

Rockström, Johan, Kotzé, Louis, Milutinović, Svetlana, Biermann, Frank, Brovkin, Victor, Donges, Jonathan, Ebbesson, Jonas, French, Duncan, Gupta, Joyeeta, Kim, Rakhyun, Lenton, Timothy, Lenzi, Dominic, Nakicenovic, Nebojsa, Neumann, Barbara, Schuppert, Fabian, Winkelmann, Ricarda, Bosselmann, Klaus, Folke, Carl, Lucht, Wolfgang, Schlosberg, David, Richardson, Katherine, Steffen, Will, Rockström, Johan, Kotzé, Louis, Milutinović, Svetlana, Biermann, Frank, Brovkin, Victor, Donges, Jonathan, Ebbesson, Jonas, French, Duncan, Gupta, Joyeeta, Kim, Rakhyun, Lenton, Timothy, Lenzi, Dominic, Nakicenovic, Nebojsa, Neumann, Barbara, Schuppert, Fabian, Winkelmann, Ricarda, Bosselmann, Klaus, Folke, Carl, Lucht, Wolfgang, Schlosberg, David, Richardson, Katherine, and Steffen, Will

Abstract

The Anthropocene signifies the start of a no-analogue trajectory of the Earth system that is fundamentally different from the Holocene. This new trajectory is characterized by rising risks of triggering irreversible and unmanageable shifts in Earth system functioning. We urgently need a new global approach to safeguard critical Earth system regulating functions more effectively and comprehensively. The global commons framework is the closest example of an existing approach with the aim of governing biophysical systems on Earth upon which the world collectively depends. Derived during stable Holocene conditions, the global commons framework must now evolve in the light of new Anthropocene dynamics. This requires a fundamental shift from a focus only on governing shared resources beyond national jurisdiction, to one that secures critical functions of the Earth system irrespective of national boundaries. We propose a new framework-the planetary commons-which differs from the global commons framework by including not only globally shared geographic regions but also critical biophysical systems that regulate the resilience and state, and therefore livability, on Earth. The new planetary commons should articulate and create comprehensive stewardship obligations through Earth system governance aimed at restoring and strengthening planetary resilience and justice.

Published
2024

47. Extending the Sustainable Development Goals to 2050-a road map

Author

Nerini, Francesco Fuso, Mazzucato, Mariana, Rockström, Johan, van Asselt, Harro, Hall, Jim W., Matos, Stelvia, Persson, Åsa, Sovacool, Benjamin, Vinuesa, Ricardo, Sachs, Jeffrey, Nerini, Francesco Fuso, Mazzucato, Mariana, Rockström, Johan, van Asselt, Harro, Hall, Jim W., Matos, Stelvia, Persson, Åsa, Sovacool, Benjamin, Vinuesa, Ricardo, and Sachs, Jeffrey

Abstract

The world should redouble its efforts on the SDGs, not abandon them. Here's how to progress the United Nations' agenda towards 2050., QC 20240708

Published
2024
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48. Climate change critically affects the status of the land-system change planetary boundary

Author

Tobian, Arne, Gerten, Dieter, Fetzer, Ingo, Schaphoff, Sibyll, Andersen, Lauren Seaby, Cornell, Sarah E., Rockström, Johan, Tobian, Arne, Gerten, Dieter, Fetzer, Ingo, Schaphoff, Sibyll, Andersen, Lauren Seaby, Cornell, Sarah E., and Rockström, Johan

Abstract

The planetary boundaries framework defines a safe operating space for humanity. To date, these boundaries have mostly been investigated separately, and it is unclear whether breaching one boundary can lead to the transgression of another. By employing a dynamic global vegetation model, we systematically simulate the strength and direction of the effects of different transgression levels of the climate change boundary (using climate output from ten phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project models for CO2 levels ranging from 350 ppm to 1000 ppm). We focus on climate change-induced shifts of Earth's major forest biomes, the control variable for the land-system change boundary, both by the end of this century and, to account for the long-term legacy effect, by the end of the millennium. Our simulations show that while staying within the 350 ppm climate change boundary co-stabilizes the land-system change boundary, breaching it (>450 ppm) leads to critical transgression of the latter, with greater severity the higher the ppm level rises and the more time passes. Specifically, this involves a poleward treeline shift, boreal forest dieback (nearly completely within its current area under extreme climate scenarios), competitive expansion of temperate forest into today's boreal zone, and a slight tropical forest extension. These interacting changes also affect other planetary boundaries (freshwater change and biosphere integrity) and provide feedback to the climate change boundary itself. Our quantitative process-based study highlights the need for interactions to be studied for a systemic operationalization of the planetary boundaries framework.

Published
2024
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49. Translating Earth system boundaries for cities and businesses

Author

Environmental Sciences, Bai, Xuemei, Hasan, Syezlin, Andersen, Lauren Seaby, Bjørn, Anders, Kilkiş, Şiir, Ospina, Daniel, Liu, Jianguo, Cornell, Sarah E., Sabag Muñoz, Oscar, de Bremond, Ariane, Crona, Beatrice, DeClerck, Fabrice, Gupta, Joyeeta, Hoff, Holger, Nakicenovic, Nebojsa, Obura, David, Whiteman, Gail, Broadgate, Wendy, Lade, Steven J., Rocha, Juan, Rockström, Johan, Stewart-Koster, Ben, van Vuuren, Detlef, Zimm, Caroline, Environmental Sciences, Bai, Xuemei, Hasan, Syezlin, Andersen, Lauren Seaby, Bjørn, Anders, Kilkiş, Şiir, Ospina, Daniel, Liu, Jianguo, Cornell, Sarah E., Sabag Muñoz, Oscar, de Bremond, Ariane, Crona, Beatrice, DeClerck, Fabrice, Gupta, Joyeeta, Hoff, Holger, Nakicenovic, Nebojsa, Obura, David, Whiteman, Gail, Broadgate, Wendy, Lade, Steven J., Rocha, Juan, Rockström, Johan, Stewart-Koster, Ben, van Vuuren, Detlef, and Zimm, Caroline

Published
2024

50. The planetary commons: A new paradigm for safeguarding Earth-regulating systems in the Anthropocene

Author

Global Sustainability Governance, Environmental Governance, Rockström, Johan, Kotzé, Louis, Milutinović, Svetlana, Biermann, Frank, Brovkin, Victor, Donges, Jonathan, Ebbesson, Jonas, French, Duncan, Gupta, Joyeeta, Kim, Rakhyun, Lenton, Timothy, Lenzi, Dominic, Nakicenovic, Nebojsa, Neumann, Barbara, Schuppert, Fabian, Winkelmann, Ricarda, Bosselmann, Klaus, Folke, Carl, Lucht, Wolfgang, Schlosberg, David, Richardson, Katherine, Steffen, Will, Global Sustainability Governance, Environmental Governance, Rockström, Johan, Kotzé, Louis, Milutinović, Svetlana, Biermann, Frank, Brovkin, Victor, Donges, Jonathan, Ebbesson, Jonas, French, Duncan, Gupta, Joyeeta, Kim, Rakhyun, Lenton, Timothy, Lenzi, Dominic, Nakicenovic, Nebojsa, Neumann, Barbara, Schuppert, Fabian, Winkelmann, Ricarda, Bosselmann, Klaus, Folke, Carl, Lucht, Wolfgang, Schlosberg, David, Richardson, Katherine, and Steffen, Will

Published
2024

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