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5. Residual correlation and ensemble modelling to improve crop and grassland models

Author

Sándor, Renáta, Ehrhardt, Fiona, Grace, Peter, Recous, Sylvie, Smith, Pete, Snow, Val, Soussana, Jean-François, Basso, Bruno, Bhatia, Arti, Brilli, Lorenzo, Doltra, Jordi, Dorich, Christopher D., Doro, Luca, Fitton, Nuala, Grant, Brian, Harrison, Matthew Tom, Skiba, Ute, Kirschbaum, Miko U.F., Klumpp, Katja, Laville, Patricia, Léonard, Joel, Martin, Raphaël, Massad, Raia Silvia, Moore, Andrew D., Myrgiotis, Vasileios, Pattey, Elizabeth, Rolinski, Susanne, Sharp, Joanna, Smith, Ward, Wu, Lianhai, Zhang, Qing, and Bellocchi, Gianni

Published
2023
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10. Plant–soil synchrony in nutrient cycles: Learning from ecosystems to design sustainable agrosystems

Author

Fontaine, Sébastien, primary, Abbadie, Luc, additional, Aubert, Michaël, additional, Barot, Sébastien, additional, Bloor, Juliette M. G., additional, Derrien, Delphine, additional, Duchene, Olivier, additional, Gross, Nicolas, additional, Henneron, Ludovic, additional, Le Roux, Xavier, additional, Loeuille, Nicolas, additional, Michel, Jennifer, additional, Recous, Sylvie, additional, Wipf, Daniel, additional, and Alvarez, Gaël, additional

Published
2023
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14. Plant–soil synchrony in nutrient cycles: Learning from ecosystems to design sustainable agrosystems.

Author

Fontaine, Sébastien, Abbadie, Luc, Aubert, Michaël, Barot, Sébastien, Bloor, Juliette M. G., Derrien, Delphine, Duchene, Olivier, Gross, Nicolas, Henneron, Ludovic, Le Roux, Xavier, Loeuille, Nicolas, Michel, Jennifer, Recous, Sylvie, Wipf, Daniel, and Alvarez, Gaël

Subjects
BIOGEOCHEMICAL cycles, SUSTAINABLE design, ECOSYSTEMS, SOIL mineralogy, SYNCHRONIC order, BIOMASS production, NUTRIENT cycles
Abstract

Redesigning agrosystems to include more ecological regulations can help feed a growing human population, preserve soils for future productivity, limit dependency on synthetic fertilizers, and reduce agriculture contribution to global changes such as eutrophication and warming. However, guidelines for redesigning cropping systems from natural systems to make them more sustainable remain limited. Synthetizing the knowledge on biogeochemical cycles in natural ecosystems, we outline four ecological systems that synchronize the supply of soluble nutrients by soil biota with the fluctuating nutrient demand of plants. This synchrony limits deficiencies and excesses of soluble nutrients, which usually penalize both production and regulating services of agrosystems such as nutrient retention and soil carbon storage. In the ecological systems outlined, synchrony emerges from plant–soil and plant–plant interactions, eco‐physiological processes, soil physicochemical processes, and the dynamics of various nutrient reservoirs, including soil organic matter, soil minerals, atmosphere, and a common market. We discuss the relative importance of these ecological systems in regulating nutrient cycles depending on the pedoclimatic context and on the functional diversity of plants and microbes. We offer ideas about how these systems could be stimulated within agrosystems to improve their sustainability. A review of the latest advances in agronomy shows that some of the practices suggested to promote synchrony (e.g., reduced tillage, rotation with perennial plant cover, crop diversification) have already been tested and shown to be effective in reducing nutrient losses, fertilizer use, and N2O emissions and/or improving biomass production and soil carbon storage. Our framework also highlights new management strategies and defines the conditions for the success of these nature‐based practices allowing for site‐specific modifications. This new synthetized knowledge should help practitioners to improve the long‐term productivity of agrosystems while reducing the negative impact of agriculture on the environment and the climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. Identifying cost-competitive greenhouse gas mitigation potential of French agriculture

Author

Pellerin, Sylvain, Bamière, Laure, Angers, Denis, Béline, Fabrice, Benoit, Marc, Butault, Jean-Pierre, Chenu, Claire, Colnenne-David, Caroline, De Cara, Stéphane, Delame, Nathalie, Doreau, Michel, Dupraz, Pierre, Faverdin, Philippe, Garcia-Launay, Florence, Hassouna, Melynda, Hénault, Catherine, Jeuffroy, Marie-Hélène, Klumpp, Katja, Metay, Aurélie, Moran, Dominic, Recous, Sylvie, Samson, Elisabeth, Savini, Isabelle, Pardon, Lénaïc, and Chemineau, Philippe

Published
2017
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21. Challenges of accounting nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural crop residues

Author

Olesen, Jørgen E., Rees, Robert M., Recous, Sylvie, Bleken, Marina A., Abalos, Diego, Ahuja, Ishita, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Carozzi, Marco, De Notaris, Chiara, Ernfors, Maria, Haas, Edwin, Hansen, Sissel, Janz, Baldur, Lashermes, Gwenaëlle, Massad, Raia S., Petersen, Søren O., Rittl, Tatiana F., Scheer, Clemens, Smith, Kate E., Thiébeau, Pascal, Taghizadeh-Toosi, Arezoo, Thorman, Rachel E., Topp, Cairistiona F.E., Olesen, Jørgen E., Rees, Robert M., Recous, Sylvie, Bleken, Marina A., Abalos, Diego, Ahuja, Ishita, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Carozzi, Marco, De Notaris, Chiara, Ernfors, Maria, Haas, Edwin, Hansen, Sissel, Janz, Baldur, Lashermes, Gwenaëlle, Massad, Raia S., Petersen, Søren O., Rittl, Tatiana F., Scheer, Clemens, Smith, Kate E., Thiébeau, Pascal, Taghizadeh-Toosi, Arezoo, Thorman, Rachel E., and Topp, Cairistiona F.E.

Abstract

Crop residues are important inputs of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) to soils and thus directly and indirectly affect nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. As the current inventory methodology considers N inputs by crop residues as the sole determining factor for N2O emissions, it fails to consider other underlying factors and processes. There is compelling evidence that emissions vary greatly between residues with different biochemical and physical characteristics, with the concentrations of mineralizable N and decomposable C in the residue biomass both enhancing the soil N2O production potential. High concentrations of these components are associated with immature residues (e.g., cover crops, grass, legumes, and vegetables) as opposed to mature residues (e.g., straw). A more accurate estimation of the short-term (months) effects of the crop residues on N2O could involve distinguishing mature and immature crop residues with distinctly different emission factors. The medium-term (years) and long-term (decades) effects relate to the effects of residue management on soil N fertility and soil physical and chemical properties, considering that these are affected by local climatic and soil conditions as well as land use and management. More targeted mitigation efforts for N2O emissions, after addition of crop residues to the soil, are urgently needed and require an improved methodology for emission accounting. This work needs to be underpinned by research to (1) develop and validate N2O emission factors for mature and immature crop residues, (2) assess emissions from belowground residues of terminated crops, (3) improve activity data on management of different residue types, in particular immature residues, and (4) evaluate long-term effects of residue addition on N2O emissions.

Published
2023

23. Prediction of nitrogen mineralization in organically fertilized growing media for soil‐less production.

Author

Cannavo, Patrice, Recous, Sylvie, Valé, Matthieu, Bresch, Sophie, Benbrahim, Mohammed, and Guénon, René

Subjects
*MINERALIZATION, *ORGANIC fertilizers, *STATISTICAL models, *PREDICTION models, *LOW temperatures
Abstract

Background: Organic fertilizers derived from recycled materials and by‐products are currently investigated as a way of freeing ourselves from synthetic chemical mineral fertilizers within the framework of the agroecological transition. These organic fertilizers have to undergo a mineralization process mainly carried out by microbes, so that the mineral elements can be consumed by the plants. Aims: The challenge consists in providing tools to predict available N coming from mineralization of organic fertilizers to better control the doses and the frequency of application. Methods: We developed and compared two predictive models of N mineralization of organic fertilizers, a multivariate statistical model and a first‐order kinetic model. Temperature (4, 20, 28, and 40°C) and humidity (−3.2, −10, and −31.6 kPa) were modulated and confronted to the response of four different growing media (GM) types and two organic fertilizers during a 49‐day experiment. The input parameters tested for the statistical model were the amount of N in the fertilizer, the initial N content, temperature and humidity of the GM. Results: Both models satisfactorily predicted the mineral N content, even if they tended to overestimate it for low concentrations (mostly corresponding to low temperature, 4°C) and the first‐order kinetic model overestimated it for the highest mineral N content (1000–1300 mg N kg−1). The two models were used to predict mineral N content on an independent dataset acquired under in situ conditions. The errors of prediction (RMSE) ranged between 220 and 256 mg N kg−1 according to the multivariate and first‐order models, respectively. Conclusions: Two models have demonstrated satisfactory their ability to estimate the mineral nitrogen content in GM they need to be validated in more GM‐fertilizer couples and in the presence of plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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24. Contributors

Author

Abson, David J., primary, Aguilera, Eduardo, additional, Bathily, Bagoré, additional, Baveye, Philippe, additional, Béfort, Nicolas, additional, Benton, Tim G., additional, Bertrand, Isabelle, additional, Billen, Gilles, additional, Bloor, Juliette, additional, Bowles, Timothy M., additional, Bretagnolle, Vincent, additional, Bruce, Toby J.A., additional, Brunori, Gianluca, additional, Cangussú, Mauroni Alves, additional, Carvalho, Paulo César de F., additional, Chabbi, Abad, additional, Chará, Julian, additional, Colazo, Juan Cruz, additional, Corniaux, Christian, additional, Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre Costa, additional, D'Amico, Simona, additional, Deen, William, additional, Deiss, Leonardo, additional, Delaby, Luc, additional, Dupraz, Christian, additional, Duru, Michel, additional, Estrada, Martha Xochitl Flores, additional, Franzluebbers, Alan J., additional, Gabriel, Doreen, additional, Garnier, Josette, additional, Gastal, Francois, additional, Gaudin, Amélie C.M., additional, Giroud, Bernard, additional, Gowdy, John, additional, Hauggaard-Nielsen, Henrik, additional, Henckel, Laura, additional, Hendrickson, John, additional, Huguenin-Elie, Olivier, additional, Huyghe, Christian, additional, Jensen, Erik Steen, additional, Justes, Eric, additional, Kleijn, David, additional, Klumpp, Katia, additional, Korevaar, Hein, additional, Kronberg, Scott L., additional, Labarthe, Pierre, additional, Lang, Claudete Reisdorfer, additional, Lashermes, Gwenaëlle, additional, Lassaletta, Luis, additional, Lawson, Gerry, additional, Lecomte, Philippe, additional, Lemaire, Gilles, additional, Le Noë, Julia, additional, Leterme, Philippe, additional, Litrico, Isabelle, additional, Magrini, Marie-Benoit, additional, Matlock, Marty D., additional, Mauricio, Rogerio Martins, additional, McMillan, Vanessa E., additional, Mehrabi, Zia, additional, Miguet, Paul, additional, Moraes, Anibal de, additional, Murgueitio, Enrique, additional, Nesme, Thomas, additional, Neve, Paul, additional, Nieddu, Martino, additional, Paciullo, Domingos Sávio Campos, additional, Pariz, Cristiano Magalhães, additional, Pellerin, Sylvain, additional, Peoples, Mark B., additional, Pontes, L.D.A.S., additional, Recous, Sylvie, additional, Regan, John, additional, Renwick, Leah L.R., additional, Ribeiro, Rafael Sandin, additional, Ridier, Aude, additional, Rossi, Adanella, additional, Rumpel, Cornelia, additional, Ryschawy, Julie, additional, Sanz-Cobeña, Alberto, additional, Schellberg, J., additional, Seufert, Verena, additional, Siriwardena, Gavin, additional, Storkey, Jonathan, additional, Sulc, R. Mark, additional, Theau, J.P., additional, Therond, O., additional, Tisdell, Clement A., additional, Topp, Cairistiona F.E., additional, Vertès, Françoise, additional, Watson, Christine A., additional, Watté, Jeroen, additional, Williams, Michael, additional, and Wilson, Clevo, additional

Published
2019
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27. Synchronie entre l'offre et la demande dans le cycle des nutriments: apprendre des écosystèmes naturels pour construire des agrosystèmes durables

Author

Fontaine, Sébastien, Abbadie, Luc, Aubert, Michaël, Barot, Sébastien, Bloor, Juliette, Derrien, Delphine, Duchene, Olivier, Gross, Nicolas, Henneron, Ludovic, Le Roux, Xavier, Loeuille, Nicolas, Michel, Jennifer, Recous, Sylvie, Wipf, Daniel, Alvarez, Gaël, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département écologie et biodiversité des milieux forestiers, prairiaux et aquatiques (ECODIV), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de recherche Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (BEF), Agroécologie et Environnement (AGE), Isara, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Etude et Compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Liège, Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Fontaine, Sébastien

Subjects
[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, agroecology, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, nutrient cycling, carbon cycling, ecosystem nutrient economy, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, mimicking, soil carbon sequestration, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, litter, nitrogen fixation, soil organic matter, soil nutrient dissolution, [SDV.EE.ECO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, organic nutrient reserve, [SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, rhizosphere, plant-soil interactions, feedbacks
Abstract

Redesigning agrosystems with more ecological regulations can help feed a growing population, preserve soils for future productivity and reduce environmental impacts. However, guidelines for redesigning agrosystems from natural systems are limited. Reviewing the last knowledge of ecosystem functioning, we outlined four ecological systems synchronizing the supply of soluble nutrients by soil biota to fluctuating plant nutrient demand. This synchrony limits deficiencies and excesses of soluble nutrient, which usually penalize both production and regulating services of agrosystems such as nutrient retention and soil carbon storage. We detail how ecological systems promoting synchrony can be installed in agrosystems to improve their sustainability and reduce the use of mineral fertilizers.

Published
2023

30. How Modelers Model: the Overlooked Social and Human Dimensions in Model Intercomparison Studies

Author

Albanito, Fabrizio, primary, McBey, David, additional, Harrison, Matthew, additional, Smith, Pete, additional, Ehrhardt, Fiona, additional, Bhatia, Arti, additional, Bellocchi, Gianni, additional, Brilli, Lorenzo, additional, Carozzi, Marco, additional, Christie, Karen, additional, Doltra, Jordi, additional, Dorich, Christopher, additional, Doro, Luca, additional, Grace, Peter, additional, Grant, Brian, additional, Léonard, Joël, additional, Liebig, Mark, additional, Ludemann, Cameron, additional, Martin, Raphael, additional, Meier, Elizabeth, additional, Meyer, Rachelle, additional, De Antoni Migliorati, Massimiliano, additional, Myrgiotis, Vasileios, additional, Recous, Sylvie, additional, Sándor, Renáta, additional, Snow, Val, additional, Soussana, Jean-François, additional, Smith, Ward N., additional, and Fitton, Nuala, additional

Published
2022
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32. Do Conservative Agricultural Practices Improve the Functional Biological State of Legume-Based Cropping Systems?

Author

Aschi, Amira, Riah-Anglet, Wassila, Recous, Sylvie, Bailleul, Caroline, Aubert, Michaël, and Trinsoutrot-Gattin, Isabelle

Subjects
CROP rotation, AGRICULTURE, CROPPING systems, FAVA bean, PATH analysis (Statistics), TILLAGE, CROPS
Abstract

This study evaluated the response of soil microbial functions to the presence and placement of faba beans in crop rotations (rotation without legumes versus rotations with faba beans as the crop previous to wheat, with the faba beans sown three years before the wheat crops) combined with two tillage systems (conventional and reduced tillage). The study included 36 wheat-producing plots, and two agricultural practice types were defined: high-frequency–low-intensity (HF–LI) and low-frequency–high-intensity (LF–HI). The results demonstrated a significant increase in the total carbon and nitrogen (N) content under reduced tillage. Furthermore, the general path analysis suggested that arylamidase and β-glucosidase activities significantly affect N fluxes. The enzyme activities were modified by changing the soil's physicochemical properties. These findings highlighted the significance of introducing legumes as the crop preceding wheat, especially when applying conventional tillage. Moreover, it was revealed that farmers' management of these conservative practices is a leading factor in regulating soil functions. Pesticides and inorganic fertilization inputs were classified as HF–LI practices, while organic matter (OM) inputs and liming treatments were qualified as LF–HI practices. For instance, LF–HI practices (OM inputs and liming) directly and indirectly influenced the soil functions related to the N cycle, while HF–LI practices (pesticide, inorganic N fertilization, and previous crops) resulted in fewer soil function changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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34. A well-established fact: Rapid mineralization of organic inputs is an important factor for soil carbon sequestration

Author

Angers, Denis, Arrouays, Dominique, Cardinael, Rémi, Chenu, Claire, Corbeels, Marc, Demenois, Julien, Farrell, Mark, Martin, Manuel, Minasny, Budiman, Recous, Sylvie, Six, Johan, Angers, Denis, Arrouays, Dominique, Cardinael, Rémi, Chenu, Claire, Corbeels, Marc, Demenois, Julien, Farrell, Mark, Martin, Manuel, Minasny, Budiman, Recous, Sylvie, and Six, Johan

Abstract

We have read with interest an opinion paper recently published in the European Journal of Soil Science (Berthelin et al., 2022). This paper presents some interesting considerations, at least one of which is already well known to soil scientists working on soil organic carbon (SOC), that is, a large portion (80%–90%) of fresh carbon inputs to soil is subject to rapid mineralization. The short-term mineralization kinetics of organic inputs is well-known and accounted for in soil organic matter models. Thus, clearly, the long-term predictions based on these models do not overlook short-term mineralization. We point out that many agronomic practices can significantly contribute to SOC sequestration. If conducted responsibly whilst fully recognising the caveats, SOC sequestration can lead to a win-win situation where agriculture can both contribute to the mitigation of climate change and adapt to it, whilst at the same time delivering other co-benefits such as reduced soil erosion and enhanced biodiversity.

Published
2022

35. Predicting field N2O emissions from crop residues based on their biochemical composition: A meta-analytical approach

Author

Abalos, Diego, Rittl, Tatiana, Recous, Sylvie, Thiébeau, Pascal, Topp, Cairistiona F.E., van Groenigen, Kees Jan, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Thorman, Rachel E., Smith, Kate E., Ahuja, Ishita, Olesen, Jørgen E., Bleken, Marina A., Ress, Robert, Hansen, Sissel, Abalos, Diego, Rittl, Tatiana, Recous, Sylvie, Thiébeau, Pascal, Topp, Cairistiona F.E., van Groenigen, Kees Jan, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Thorman, Rachel E., Smith, Kate E., Ahuja, Ishita, Olesen, Jørgen E., Bleken, Marina A., Ress, Robert, and Hansen, Sissel

Abstract

Crop residue incorporation is a common practice to increase or restore organic matter stocks in agricultural soils. How- ever, this practice often increases emissions of the powerful greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Previous meta- analyses have linked various biochemical properties of crop residues to N2O emissions, but the relationships between these properties have been overlooked, hampering our ability to predict N2Oemissions from specific residues. Here we combine comprehensive databases for N2O emissions from crop residues and crop residue biochemical characteristics with a random-meta-forest approach, to develop a predictive framework of crop residue effects on N2O emissions. On average, crop residue incorporation increased soil N2O emissions by 43% compared to residue removal, however crop residues led to both increases and reductions in N2O emissions. Crop residue effects on N2O emissions were best pre- dicted by easily degradable fractions (i.e. water soluble carbon, soluble Van Soest fraction (NDS)), structural fractions and N returned with crop residues. The relationship between these biochemical properties and N2Oemissions differed widely in terms offormand direction. However, due to the strong correlations among these properties, wewere able to develop a simplified classification for crop residues based on the stage of physiological maturity of the plant at which the residue was generated. This maturity criteria provided the most robust and yet simple approach to categorize crop residues according to their potential to regulate N2O emissions. Immature residues (high water soluble carbon, soluble NDS and total N concentration, low relative cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin fractions, and lowC:N ratio) strongly stim- ulated N2O emissions, whereas mature residues with opposite characteristics had marginal effects on N2O. The most important crop types belonging to the immature residue group – cover crops, grasslands and vegetables – are important for the

Published
2022

37. Predicting field N2O emissions from crop residues based on their biochemical composition: A meta-analytical approach

Author

Abalos, Diego, primary, Rittl, Tatiana F., additional, Recous, Sylvie, additional, Thiébeau, Pascal, additional, Topp, Cairistiona F.E., additional, van Groenigen, Kees Jan, additional, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, additional, Thorman, Rachel E., additional, Smith, Kate E., additional, Ahuja, Ishita, additional, Olesen, Jørgen E., additional, Bleken, Marina A., additional, Rees, Robert M., additional, and Hansen, Sissel, additional

Published
2022
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40. CONTRIBUTION DES RESIDUS DE CULTURES AUX EMISSIONS DE N2O: IMPACT DE LEURS CARACTERISTIQUES CHIMIQUES

Author

Thiébeau, P, Lashermes, G, Laville, P, Abalos, D, Rittl, Tatiana, Hansen, Sissel, and Recous, Sylvie

Subjects
Crop health, quality, protection, Greenhouses and coverings
Abstract

L'incorporation des résidus de cultures et de couverts végétaux au sol est une pratique adoptée par les agriculteurs pour accroitre le stock de matières organiques des sols et recycler les nutriments. Mais la décomposition des résidus est une source d'émissions plus ou moins importante de gaz à effet de serre, comme le protoxyde d'azote (N2O). L'étude des caractéristiques des résidus enfouis au regard des pratiques culturales réalisées doit permettre de mieux gérer ces restitutions afin d'en limiter les conséquences sur l'environnement. Les émissions de N2O sont estimées dans les inventaires d'émissions selon la méthode IPCC (2019). Celle-ci est basée sur l'estimation des quantités d'azote recyclées par les résidus de culture (parties aériennes et souterraines) affectées d'un facteur d'émission (Ef) standard pour tous types de cultures, dont la valeur est 0.005 à 0.006 kg N-N2O par kg N recyclé, l'azote recyclé étant calculé à partir de la quantité de biomasse recyclée et de la richesse en azote de cette biomasse. Le travail présenté a été réalisé dans le cadre du projet ResidueGas (programme européen ERA-GAS) dont INRAE était partenaire. L'objectif global du projet était d'améliorer l'estimation de la contribution des résidus de cultures aux émissions de gaz à effet de serre de l'agriculture. Nous présentons trois résultats principaux de ce projet.

Published
2021

42. An Overview of litter decomposition in soils for a diversity of agronomic and pedoclimatic contexts

Author

Jacqueton, Céline, Akkal-Corfini, Nouraya, Alavoine, Gonzague, Bertrand, Isabelle, Chabbert, Brigitte, Clivot, Hugues, Duval, Jérôme, Fanin, Nicolas, Ferchaud, Fabien, Fontaine, Sébastien, Giacomini, Sandro José, Justes, Eric, Morvan, Thierry, Nicolardot, Bernard, Perveen, Nazia, Recous, Sylvie, Redin, Marciel, Refahi, Yassin, Sauvadet, Marie, Schmatz, Raquel, Thuriès, Laurent, Vertès, Francoise, Weintraub, Michael N., Lashermes, Gwenaëlle, Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria = Federal University of Santa Maria [Santa Maria, RS, Brazil] (UFSM), Cirad Direction Générale (Cirad-DG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Recyclage et risque (UPR Recyclage et risque), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), and University of Toledo

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

43. Des données ouvertes sur la décomposition des litières végétales dans les sols selon divers contextes agronomiques et pédoclimatiques

Author

Jacqueton, Céline, Akkal-Corfini, Nouraya, Alavoine, Gonzague, Bertrand, Isabelle, Chabbert, Brigitte, Clivot, Hugues, Duval, Jérôme, Fanin, Nicolas, Ferchaud, Fabien, Fontaine, Sébastien, S., Giacomini, Justes, Eric, Morvan, Thierry, Nicolardot, Bernard, Perveen, Nazia, Recous, Sylvie, M., Redin, Refahi, Yassin, M., Sauvadet, R., Schmatz, Thuriès, Laurent, Vertès, Francoise, M., Weintraub, Lashermes, Gwenaëlle, Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro - UMR 1158 (BioEcoAgro), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Liège-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria = Federal University of Santa Maria [Santa Maria, RS, Brazil] (UFSM), Agrosystèmes Biodiversifiés (UMR ABSys), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Cirad Direction Générale (Cirad-DG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Recyclage et risque (UPR Recyclage et risque), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), University of Toledo, AFES, and Fournier, Dominique

Subjects
litière végétale, base de données, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, décomposition, biochimie, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, [SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, données ouvertes, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2021

45. Dataset of biomass and chemical quality of crop residues from European areas

Author

Thiébeau, Pascal, Jensen, Lars Stoumann, Ferchaud, Fabien, Recous, Sylvie, Thiébeau, Pascal, Jensen, Lars Stoumann, Ferchaud, Fabien, and Recous, Sylvie

Abstract

This dataset presents the chemical characteristics of plant biomass and crop residues from agrosystems in European areas (carbon and nitrogen contents and biochemical composition). These data have been collected from the scientific literature. The specific data and their origins are presented. The mean values from these data are also provided by major production type (main crops, forage and pasture crops, green manure and cover crops, vegetable crops and energy crops), species and litter type. These data were collected as part of the framework of the European project ResidueGas (ERA-GAS, 2017-2021), which aims to improve the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions associated with crop residues.

Published
2021

47. Current and Potential Contributions of Organic Agriculture to Diversification of the Food Production System

Author

Seufert, V., Mehrabi, Zia, Gabriel, Doreen, Benton, Tim G., Lemaire, Gilles, De Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar, Kronberg, Scott, Recous, Sylvie, Environmental Geography, Lemaire, Gilles, De Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar, Kronberg, Scott, and Recous, Sylvie

Subjects
Agroecosystem, Natural resource economics, business.industry, Agriculture, Organic farming, Food processing, Food systems, Climate change, Livestock, Business, Diversification (marketing strategy), SDG 2 - Zero Hunger
Abstract

Organic agriculture is a system that aims to primarily use ecologic processes rather than external inputs to manage crops and livestock. Diversity is a key component of natural ecosystems and organic agriculture often includes the use of diversity as a management paradigm, as well as the stated goal to enhance diversity. But how does organic agriculture contribute to diversification in practice? And what are the potentials and limits of organic agriculture to enhance the diversity of the food production system? In this chapter, we will examine the evidence for implementation of diversification practices by organic farmers, as well for the diversification outcomes of organic agriculture. We will then conclude with a discussion and outlook on how organic agriculture can enhance the diversification of agroecosystems and the food system in general. On the one hand, large-scale economic drivers today typically favor the homogenization of food production systems, and organic agriculture—being a production system that is embedded in the existing food system—is thus faced with limits in its ability to foster diversification at the system level. On the other hand, multiple drivers, including climate change but also the increased importance of consumers in the food system, may alter the dominant socioeconomic drivers and may favor more resilient organic or organic-like production systems in the future. Organic agriculture may thus provide important contributions for a trajectory for moving toward more diversified food production, not only through diversification occurring within organic systems, but also by providing important lessons on diversified agricultural systems for conventional agriculture.

Published
2019

48. Fate of a 15 N-labeled Urea Pulse in Heavily Fertilized Banana Crops

Author

Raphael, Line, Recous, Sylvie, Ozier-Lafontaine, Harry, Sierra, Jorge, Département Productions fruitières et horticoles (FLHOR), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Agrosystèmes tropicaux (ASTRO), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Territorial Community of Martinique International Center for Agronomic Research and Development (CIRAD, France)

Subjects
Caribbean, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, NUE, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, food and beverages, N leaching, N recovery, tropical soil, N immobilization
Abstract

International audience; Banana crops in the Caribbean are characterized by the use of high rates of nitrogen (N) fertilization which causes severe environmental damages. The aim of this study was to assess the fertilizer N use efficiency (NUE) of banana crops in the field. To do so, a field trial was carried out during the first (GS1) and the fourth (GS4) growing seasons of banana crops, and the fate of a 15 N-labeled pulse applied late in the growing season (flowering stage) was determined. At harvest, NUE (average 24% 15 N applied) and the total recovery of fertilizer 15 N in the soil-plant system (i.e., 40% in GS1 and 62% in GS4) were low. Low NUE resulted mainly from the dilution in a large soil mineral N pool derived from earlier applications of the labeled-N fertilizer applied at flowering, combined with leaching caused by numerous high-intensity rainfall events (>20 mm d −1). Crop residues from previous cycles present at time of fertilizer application in the fourth growing season, promoted fertilizer N immobilization, which in turn favored fertilizer N recovery by decreasing N leaching. The results suggest that N fertilization after the first season could be reduced by 30% (i.e., −90 kg N ha −1) corresponding to the suppression of two applications from flowering to harvest with the current fertilizer management, as available N derived from earlier applications is sufficient to meet plant requirements.

Published
2020

49. Fate of a 15N-labeled Urea Pulse in Heavily Fertilized Banana Crops

Author

Raphael, Line, Recous, Sylvie, Ozier-Lafontaine, Harry, and Sierra, Jorge

Subjects
Caribbean, lcsh:Agriculture, NUE, lcsh:S, food and beverages, N leaching, N recovery, tropical soil, N immobilization
Abstract

Banana crops in the Caribbean are characterized by the use of high rates of nitrogen (N) fertilization which causes severe environmental damages. The aim of this study was to assess the fertilizer N use efficiency (NUE) of banana crops in the field. To do so, a field trial was carried out during the first (GS1) and the fourth (GS4) growing seasons of banana crops, and the fate of a 15N-labeled pulse applied late in the growing season (flowering stage) was determined. At harvest, NUE (average 24% 15N applied) and the total recovery of fertilizer 15N in the soil&ndash, plant system (i.e., 40% in GS1 and 62% in GS4) were low. Low NUE resulted mainly from the dilution in a large soil mineral N pool derived from earlier applications of the labeled-N fertilizer applied at flowering, combined with leaching caused by numerous high-intensity rainfall events (&gt, 20 mm d&minus, 1). Crop residues from previous cycles present at time of fertilizer application in the fourth growing season, promoted fertilizer N immobilization, which in turn favored fertilizer N recovery by decreasing N leaching. The results suggest that N fertilization after the first season could be reduced by 30% (i.e., &minus, 90 kg N ha&minus, 1) corresponding to the suppression of two applications from flowering to harvest with the current fertilizer management, as available N derived from earlier applications is sufficient to meet plant requirements.

Published
2020

50. Réflexion prospective interdisciplinaire bioéconomie - Rapport de synthèse

Author

Axelos, Monique, Bamière, Laure, Colin, Francis, Dourmad, Jean-Yves, Duru, Michel, Gillot, Sylvie, Kurek, Bernard, Jean-Denis, Mathias, Requillart, Vincent, Méry, Jacques, O'Donohue, Michael, Recous, Sylvie, Steyer, Jean Philippe, Thomas, Alban, Thoyer, Sophie, de Vries, Hugo, Wohlfahrt, Julie, Collège de Direction (CODIR), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Structure et physico-chimie des biopolymères – matériaux biosourcés - colloïdes, Economie Publique (ECO-PUB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon (INA P-G), SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Réduire, valoriser, réutiliser les ressources des eaux résiduaires (UR REVERSAAL), Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement (FARE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d'ingénierie pour les systèmes complexes (UR LISC), Toulouse School of Economics (TSE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Procédés biotechnologiques au service de l'environnement (UR PROSE), Toulouse Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement [Narbonne] (LBE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier - UMR 5211 (CEE-M), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Agro-Systèmes Territoires Ressources Mirecourt (ASTER Mirecourt), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement - Antenne Colmar (LAE-Colmar ), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), INRAE, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Toulouse School of Economics (TSE-R), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Centre d'Economie de l'Environnement - Montpellier (CEE-M), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro

Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Published
2020

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