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To investigate the relationship between mineral elements and plum gummosis disease, Prunus salicina Lindl. trees with four grades of gummosis were used as the experimental materials. The contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, B, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in the branches and leaves were measured, and the correlation between mineral elements and gummosis was systemically analyzed through multiple comparisons, binary logistic regression analysis, and ordinal logistic regression analysis. In addition, the effects of prevention and control of the necessary mineral elements on the gummosis disease of P. salicina were verified after a fertilization experiment. The results indicate that the contents of nitrogen and manganese positively correlate with the occurrence of gummosis. In contrast, the contents of calcium and boron significantly negatively correlate with the occurrence of gummosis. A fertilization experiment facilitated the discovery that the control of nitrogen, as well as the increased application of boron and calcium fertilizers, contributed to the prevention and control on gummosis disease in P. salicina.

Abiotic stress, including flooding, seriously affects the normal growth and development of plants. Mulberry (Morus alba), a species known for its flood resistance, is cultivated worldwide for economic purposes. The transcriptomic analysis has identified numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in submergence tolerance in mulberry plants. However, a comprehensive analyses of metabolite types and changes under flooding stress in mulberry remain unreported. A non-targeted metabolomic analysis utilizing liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was conducted to further investigate the effects of flooding stress on mulberry. A total of 1,169 metabolites were identified, with 331 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) exhibiting up-regulation in response to flooding stress and 314 displaying down-regulation. Pathway enrichment analysis identified significant modifications in many metabolic pathways due to flooding stress, including amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis. DAMs and DEGs are significantly enriched in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways for amino acid, phenylpropanoid and flavonoid synthesis. Furthermore, metabolites such as methyl jasmonate, sucrose, and D-mannose 6-phosphate accumulated in mulberry leaves post-flooding stress. Therefore, genes and metabolites associated with these KEGG pathways are likely to exert a significant influence on mulberry flood tolerance. This study makes a substantial contribution to the comprehension of the underlying mechanisms implicated in the adaptation of mulberry plants to submergence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]