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95 results on '"Paccaud F"'

1. Seasonality of sodium and potassium consumption in Switzerland. Data from three cross-sectional, population-based studies

Author: Binet, I., Conen, D., Erne, P., Gabutti, L., Gallino, A., Hayoz, D., Muggli, F., Suter, P.M., Marti-Soler, H., Pommier, C., Bochud, M., Guessous, I., Ponte, B., Pruijm, M., Ackermann, D., Forni Ogna, V., Paccaud, F., Burnier, M., Pechère-Bertschi, A., Devuyst, O., and Marques-Vidal, P.
Published: 2017
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2. Temporal association between childhood leukaemia and population growth in Swiss municipalities

Author: Lupatsch, Judith E., Kreis, Christian, Zwahlen, Marcel, Niggli, Felix, Ammann, Roland A., Kuehni, Claudia E., Spycher, Ben D., Ammann, R. A., Angst, R., Ansari, M., Beck Popovic, M., Bergstraesser, E., Brazzola, P., Greiner, J., Grotzer, M., Hengartner, H., Kuehne, T., Leibundgut, K., Niggli, F., Rischewski, J., von der Weid, N., Egger, M., Spoerri, A., Zwahlen, M., Puhan, M., Bopp, M., Fäh, D., Künzli, N., Paccaud, F., Oris, M., Schwyn, M., Swiss Paediatric Oncology Group, and Swiss National Cohort Study Group
Published: 2016
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3. National trends in total cholesterol obscure heterogeneous changes in HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio:a pooled analysis of 458 population-based studies in Asian and Western countries

Author: Taddei, C. (Cristina), Jackson, R. (Rod), Zhou, B. (Bin), Bixby, H. (Honor), Danaei, G. (Goodarz), Di Cesare, M. (Mariachiara), Kuulasmaa, K. (Kari), Hajifathalian, K. (Kaveh), Bentham, J. (James), Bennett, J. E. (James E.), Aekplakorn, W. (Wichai), Cifkova, R. (Renata), Dallongeville, J. (Jean), DeBacquer, D. (Dirk), Giampaoli, S. (Simona), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Khang, Y.-H. (Young-Ho), Laatikainen, T. (Tiina), Mann, J. I. (Jim, I), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Mensah, G. A. (George A.), Mueller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Ninomiya, T. (Toshiharu), Petkeviciene, J. (Janina), Rodriguez-Artalejo, F. (Fernando), Servais, J. (Jennifer), Soderberg, S. (Stefan), Stavreski, B. (Bill), Wilsgaard, T. (Tom), Zdrojewski, T. (Tomasz), Zhao, D. (Dong), Stevens, G. A. (Gretchen A.), Savin, S. (Stefan), Cowan, M. J. (Melanie J.), Riley, L. M. (Leanne M.), Ezzati, M. (Majid), Adams, R. J. (Robert J.), Ahrens, W. (Wolfgang), Amouyel, P. (Philippe), Amuzu, A. (Antoinette), Anderssen, S. A. (Sigmund A.), Ariansen, I. (Inger), Arveiler, D. (Dominique), Aspelund, T. (Thor), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Avdicova, M. (Maria), Banach, M. (Maciej), Bandosz, P. (Piotr), Banegas, J. R. (Jose R.), Barbagallo, C. M. (Carlo M.), Bata, I. (Iqbal), Baur, L. A. (Louise A.), Beaglehole, R. (Robert), Bernotiene, G. (Gailute), Bi, Y. (Yufang), Bienek, A. (Asako), Bjorkelund, C. (Cecilia), Bo, S. (Simona), Boehm, B. O. (Bernhard O.), Bonaccio, M. (Marialaura), Bongard, V. (Vanina), Borchini, R. (Rossana), Borghs, H. (Herman), Breckenkamp, J. (Juergen), Brenner, H. (Hermann), Bruno, G. (Graziella), Busch, M. A. (Markus A.), Cabrera de Leon, A. (Antonio), Capuano, V. (Vincenzo), Casanueva, F. F. (Felipe F.), Casas, J.-P. (Juan-Pablo), Caserta, C. A. (Carmelo A.), Censi, L. (Laura), Chen, F. (Fangfang), Chen, S. (Shuohua), Chirlaque, M.-D. (Maria-Dolores), Cho, B. (Belong), Cho, Y. (Yumi), Chudek, J. (Jerzy), Claessens, F. (Frank), Clarke, J. (Janine), Clays, E. (Els), Cooper, C. (Cyrus), Costanzo, S. (Simona), Cottel, D. (Dominique), Cowell, C. (Chris), Crujeiras, A. B. (Ana B.), Cui, L. (Liufu), D'Arrigo, G. (Graziella), Dauchet, L. (Luc), De Backer, G. (Guy), De Bacquer, D. (Dirk), de Gaetano, G. (Giovanni), De Henauw, S. (Stefaan), De Smedt, D. (Delphine), Dennison, E. (Elaine), Deschamps, V. (Valerie), Di Castelnuovo, A. (Augusto), Dobson, A. J. (Annette J.), Donfrancesco, C. (Chiara), Doering, A. (Angela), Drygas, W. (Wojciech), Du, Y. (Yong), Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E. (Elzbieta), Eggertsen, R. (Robert), Ekelund, U. (Ulf), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Eriksson, J. G. (Johan G.), Evans, A. (Alun), Faeh, D. (David), Felix-Redondo, F. J. (Francisco J.), Fernandez-Berges, D. (Daniel), Ferrari, M. (Marika), Ferrieres, J. (Jean), Finn, J. D. (Joseph D.), Forslund, A.-S. (Ann-Sofie), Forsner, M. (Maria), Frontera, G. (Guillermo), Fujita, Y. (Yuki), Gaciong, Z. (Zbigniew), Galvano, F. (Fabio), Gao, J. (Jingli), Garcia-de-la-Hera, M. (Manoli), Garnett, S. P. (Sarah P.), Gaspoz, J.-M. (Jean-Michel), Gasull, M. (Magda), Gates, L. (Louise), Gianfagna, F. (Francesco), Gill, T. K. (Tiffany K.), Giovannelli, J. (Jonathan), Giwercman, A. (Aleksander), Goltzman, D. (David), Gonzalez Gross, M. (Marcela), Gottrand, F. (Frederic), Graff-Iversen, S. (Sidsel), Grafnetter, D. (Dusan), Gregor, R. D. (Ronald D.), Grodzicki, T. (Tomasz), Grosso, G. (Giuseppe), Gruden, G. (Grabriella), Gu, D. (Dongfeng), Guallar-Castillon, P. (Pilar), Gudmundsson, E. F. (Elias F.), Guessous, I. (Idris), Gunnlaugsdottir, J. (Johanna), Gutzwiller, F. (Felix), Hardy, R. (Rebecca), Hata, J. (Jun), Haugsgjerd, T. (Teresa), Hayes, A. J. (Alison J.), He, J. (Jiang), He, Y. (Yuna), Herrala, S. (Sauli), Hihtaniemi, I. T. (Ilpo Tapani), Hobbs, M. (Michael), Hopman, W. M. (Wilma M.), Maria Huerta, J. (Josi), Huybrechts, I. (Inge), Iacoviello, L. (Licia), Iannone, A. G. (Anna G.), Ikeda, N. (Nayu), Iwasaki, M. (Masanori), Jamrozik, K. (Konrad), Janszky, I. (Imre), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Jasienska, G. (Grazyna), Jennings, G. (Garry), Jeong, S.-L. (Seung-Lyeal), Jiang, C. Q. (Chao Qiang), Joffres, M. (Michel), Jokelainen, J. J. (Jari J.), Jonas, J. B. (Jost B.), Jozwiak, J. (Jacek), Kajantie, E. O. (Eero O.), Kauhanen, J. (Jussi), Keil, U. (Ulrich), Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Kersting, M. (Mathilde), Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U. (Ursula), Kiechl, S. (Stefan), Kim, J. (Jeongseon), Kim, Y.-Y. (Yeon-Yong), Klumbiene, J. (Jurate), Knoflach, M. (Michael), Ko, S. (Stephanie), Kolle, E. (Elin), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), Koskinen, S. (Seppo), Kouda, K. (Katsuyasu), Kratzer, W. (Wolfgang), Kriemler, S. (Susi), Krokstad, S. (Steinar), Kujala, U. M. (Urho M.), Kurjata, P. (Pawel), Lam, T. H. (Tai Hing), Lanska, V. (Vera), Lappas, G. (Georg), Laugsand, L. E. (Lars E.), Lee, J. (Jeonghee), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Li, Y. (Yanping), Lilly, C. L. (Christa L.), Lin, X. (Xu), Lind, L. (Lars), Lissner, L. (Lauren), Liu, J. (Jing), Lopez-Garcia, E. (Esther), Lorbeer, R. (Roberto), Eugenio Lozano, J. (Jose), Luksiene, D. (Dalia), Lundqvist, A. (Annamari), Lundqvist, R. (Robert), Lytsy, P. (Per), Ma, G. (Guansheng), Machi, S. (Suka), Maggi, S. (Stefania), Magliano, D. J. (Dianna J.), Manzato, E. (Enzo), Mathiesen, E. B. (Ellisiv B.), McLachlan, S. (Stela), McLean, R. M. (Rachael M.), McLean, S. B. (Scott B.), Meirhaeghe, A. (Aline), Meisinger, C. (Christa), Metcalf, P. (Patricia), Mi, J. (Jie), Miller, J. C. (Jody C.), Moreno, L. A. (Luis A.), Morin, S. N. (Suzanne N.), Mossakowska, M. (Malgorzata), Muiesan, M. L. (Maria L.), Mursu, J. (Jaakko), Nakamura, H. (Harunobu), Namesna, J. (Jana), Nauck, M. (Matthias), Maria Navarrete-Munoz, E. (Eva), Neal, W. A. (William A.), Nenko, I. (Ilona), Niiranen, T. J. (Teemu J.), Ning, G. (Guang), Noale, M. (Marianna), Norie, S. (Sawada), Noto, D. (Davide), O'Neill, T. (Terence), O'Reilly, D. (Dermot), Oh, K. (Kyungwon), Olafsson, O. (Orn), Paccaud, F. M. (Fred Michel), Pajak, A. (Andrzej), Palmieri, L. (Luigi), Panza, F. (Francesco), Parnell, W. R. (Winsome R.), Peltonen, M. (Markku), Peters, A. (Annette), Petersmann, A. (Astrid), Pigeot, I. (Iris), Pilotto, L. (Lorenza), Piwonska, A. (Aleksandra), Plans-Rubio, P. (Pedro), Porta, M. (Miquel), Price, J. F. (Jacqueline F.), Puder, J. J. (Jardena J.), Puhakka, S. E. (Soile E.), Radisauskas, R. (Ricardas), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ramos, R. (Rafel), Redon, J. (Josep), Rigo, F. (Fernando), del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, M. (Maria), Romaguera, D. (Dora), Ronkainen, K. (Kimmo), Rosengren, A. (Annika), Roy, J. G. (Joel G. R.), Ruidavets, J.-B. (Jean-Bernard), Rutkowski, M. (Marcin), Salanave, B. (Benoit), Salmeron, D. (Diego), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Salonen, J. T. (Jukka T.), Salvetti, M. (Massimo), Sans, S. (Susana), Saramies, J. L. (Jouko L.), Saum, K.-U. (Kai-Uwe), Scheidt-Nave, C. (Christa), Schienkiewitz, A. (Anja), Schipf, S. (Sabine), Schmidt, C. O. (Carsten O.), Schoettker, B. (Ben), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Sen, A. (Abhijit), Shaw, J. E. (Jonathan E.), Shibuya, K. (Kenji), Shin, D. W. (Dong Wook), Shiri, R. (Rahman), Simons, J. (Judith), Simons, L. A. (Leon A.), Sjostrom, M. (Michael), Slowikowska-Hilczer, J. (Jolanta), Slusarczyk, P. (Przemyslaw), Solfrizzi, V. (Vincenzo), Sonestedt, E. (Emily), Soumare, A. (Aicha), Staessen, J. A. (Jan A.), Stathopoulou, M. G. (Maria G.), Steene-Johannessen, J. (Jostein), Stehle, P. (Peter), Stieber, J. (Jutta), Stoeckl, D. (Doris), Stokwiszewski, J. (Jakub), Sundstrom, J. (Johan), Suriyawongpaisal, P. (Paibul), Tamosiunas, A. (Abdonas), Tan, E. J. (Eng Joo), Taylor, A. (Anne), Tell, G. (Grethe), Thijs, L. (Lutgarde), Tolonen, H. K. (Hanna K.), Topor-Madry, R. (Roman), Jose Tormo, M. (Maria), Torrent, M. (Maties), Tsugane, S. (Shoichiro), Tuomainen, T.-P. (Tomi-Pekka), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Tzourio, C. (Christophe), Uusitalo, H. M. (Hannu M. T.), Van Herck, K. (Koen), Vanderschueren, D. (Dirk), Vanuzzo, D. (Diego), Vatten, L. (Lars), Vega, T. (Tomas), Veronesi, G. (Giovanni), Vioque, J. (Jesus), Virtanen, J. K. (Jyrki K.), Visvikis-Siest, S. (Sophie), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Voutilainen, S. (Sari), Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Wagner, A. (Aline), Wagner, A. (Anne), Wang, M.-D. (Ming-Dong), Wang, Q. (Qian), Wang, Y. X. (Ya Xing), Wannamethee, S. G. (S. Goya), Wei, W. (Wenbin), Whincup, P. H. (Peter H.), Wiecek, A. (Andrzej), Willeit, J. (Johann), Willeit, P. (Peter), Wojtyniak, B. (Bogdan), Wong, A. (Andrew), Woodward, M. (Mark), Wu, F. C. (Frederick C.), Wu, S. (Shouling), Xu, H. (Haiquan), Xu, L. (Liang), Yan, W. (Weili), Yang, X. (Xiaoguang), Ye, X. (Xingwang), Yoshihara, A. (Akihiro), Zambon, S. (Sabina), and Zhao, W. (Wenhua)
Subjects: blood lipids, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, nutritional and metabolic diseases, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), multi-country study
Abstract: Background: Although high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and non-HDL cholesterol have opposite associations with coronary heart disease, multi-country reports of lipid trends only use total cholesterol (TC). Our aim was to compare trends in total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio in Asian and Western countries. Methods: We pooled 458 population-based studies with 82.1 million participants in 23 Asian and Western countries. We estimated changes in mean total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio by country, sex and age group. Results: Since ∼1980, mean TC increased in Asian countries. In Japan and South Korea, the TC rise was due to rising HDL cholesterol, which increased by up to 0.17 mmol/L per decade in Japanese women; in China, it was due to rising non-HDL cholesterol. TC declined in Western countries, except in Polish men. The decline was largest in Finland and Norway, at ∼0.4 mmol/L per decade. The decline in TC in most Western countries was the net effect of an increase in HDL cholesterol and a decline in non-HDL cholesterol, with the HDL cholesterol increase largest in New Zealand and Switzerland. Mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio declined in Japan, South Korea and most Western countries, by as much as ∼0.7 per decade in Swiss men (equivalent to ∼26% decline in coronary heart disease risk per decade). The ratio increased in China. Conclusions: HDL cholesterol has risen and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio has declined in many Western countries, Japan and South Korea, with only a weak correlation with changes in TC or non-HDL cholesterol.
Published: 2020

4. Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol

Author: Taddei, C. (Cristina), Zhou, B. (Bin), Bixby, H. (Honor), Carrillo-Larco, R. M. (Rodrigo M.), Danaei, G. (Goodarz), Jackson, R. T. (Rod T.), Farzadfar, F. (Farshad), Sophiea, M. K. (Marisa K.), Di Cesare, M. (Mariachiara), Iurilli, M. L. (Maria Laura Caminia), Martinez, A. R. (Andrea Rodriguez), Asghari, G. (Golaleh), Dhana, K. (Klodian), Gulayin, P. (Pablo), Kakarmath, S. (Sujay), Santero, M. (Marilina), Voortman, T. (Trudy), Riley, L. M. (Leanne M.), Cowan, M. J. (Melanie J.), Savin, S. (Stefan), Bennett, J. E. (James E.), Stevens, G. A. (Gretchen A.), Paciorek, C. J. (Christopher J.), Aekplakorn, W. (Wichai), Cifkova, R. (Renata), Giampaoli, S. (Simona), Kengne, A. P. (Andre Pascal), Khang, Y.-H. (Young-Ho), Kuulasmaa, K. (Kari), Laxmaiah, A. (Avula), Margozzini, P. (Paula), Mathur, P. (Prashant), Nordestgaard, B. G. (Borge G.), Zhao, D. (Dong), Aadahl, M. (Mette), Abarca-Gomez, L. (Leandra), Rahim, H. A. (Hanan Abdul), Abu-Rmeileh, N. M. (Niveen M.), Acosta-Cazares, B. (Benjamin), Adams, R. J. (Robert J.), Agdeppa, I. A. (Imelda A.), Aghazadeh-Attari, J. (Javad), Aguilar-Salinas, C. A. (Carlos A.), Agyemang, C. (Charles), Ahluwalia, T. S. (Tarunveer S.), Ahmad, N. A. (Noor Ani), Ahmadi, A. (Ali), Ahmadi, N. (Naser), Ahmed, S. H. (Soheir H.), Ahrens, W. (Wolfgang), Ajlouni, K. (Kamel), Alarouj, M. (Monira), AlBuhairan, F. (Fadia), AlDhukair, S. (Shahla), Ali, M. M. (Mohamed M.), Alkandari, A. (Abdullah), Alkerwi, A. (Ala'a), Aly, E. (Eman), Amarapurkar, D. N. (Deepak N.), Amouyel, P. (Philippe), Andersen, L. B. (Lars Bo), Anderssen, S. A. (Sigmund A.), Anjana, R. M. (Ranjit Mohan), Ansari-Moghaddam, A. (Alireza), Aounallah-Skhiri, H. (Hajer), Araujo, J. (Joana), Ariansen, I. (Inger), Aris, T. (Tahir), Arku, R. E. (Raphael E.), Arlappa, N. (Nimmathota), Aryal, K. K. (Krishna K.), Aspelund, T. (Thor), Assuncao, M. C. (Maria Cecilia F.), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Avdicova, M. (Maria), Azevedo, A. (Ana), Azizi, F. (Fereidoun), Azmin, M. (Mehrdad), Balakrishna, N. (Nagalla), Bamoshmoosh, M. (Mohamed), Banach, M. (Maciej), Bandosz, P. (Piotr), Banegas, J. R. (Jose R.), Barbagallo, C. M. (Carlo M.), Barcelo, A. (Alberto), Barkat, A. (Amina), Bata, I. (Iqbal), Batieha, A. M. (Anwar M.), Batyrbek, A. (Assembekov), Baur, L. A. (Louise A.), Beaglehole, R. (Robert), Belavendra, A. (Antonisamy), Ben Romdhane, H. (Habiba), Benet, M. (Mikhail), Benn, M. (Marianne), Berkinbayev, S. (Salim), Bernabe-Ortiz, A. (Antonio), Bernotiene, G. (Gailute), Bettiol, H. (Heloisa), Bhargava, S. K. (Santosh K.), Bi, Y. (Yufang), Bienek, A. (Asako), Bikbov, M. (Mukharram), Bista, B. (Bihungum), Bjerregaard, P. (Peter), Bjertness, E. (Espen), Bjertness, M. B. (Marius B.), Bjorkelund, C. (Cecilia), Bloch, K. V. (Katia, V), Blokstra, A. (Anneke), Bo, S. (Simona), Boehm, B. O. (Bernhard O.), Boggia, J. G. (Jose G.), Boissonnet, C. P. (Carlos P.), Bonaccio, M. (Marialaura), Bongard, V. (Vanina), Borchini, R. (Rossana), Borghs, H. (Herman), Bovet, P. (Pascal), Brajkovich, I. (Imperia), Breckenkamp, J. (Juergen), Brenner, H. (Hermann), Brewster, L. M. (Lizzy M.), Bruno, G. (Graziella), Bugge, A. (Anna), Busch, M. A. (Markus A.), de Leon, A. C. (Antonio Cabrera), Cacciottolo, J. (Joseph), Can, G. (Gunay), Candido, A. P. (Ana Paula C.), Capanzana, M. V. (Mario, V), Capuano, E. (Eduardo), Capuano, V. (Vincenzo), Cardoso, V. C. (Viviane C.), Carvalho, J. (Joana), Casanueva, F. F. (Felipe F.), Censi, L. (Laura), Chadjigeorgiou, C. A. (Charalambos A.), Chamukuttan, S. (Snehalatha), Chaturvedi, N. (Nish), Chen, C.-J. (Chien-Jen), Chen, F. (Fangfang), Chen, S. (Shuohua), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Cheraghian, B. (Bahman), Chetrit, A. (Angela), Chiou, S.-T. (Shu-Ti), Chirlaque, M.-D. (Maria-Dolores), Cho, B. (Belong), Cho, Y. (Yumi), Chudek, J. (Jerzy), Claessens, F. (Frank), Clarke, J. (Janine), Clays, E. (Els), Concin, H. (Hans), Confortin, S. C. (Susana C.), Cooper, C. (Cyrus), Costanzo, S. (Simona), Cottel, D. (Dominique), Cowell, C. (Chris), Crujeiras, A. B. (Ana B.), Csilla, S. (Semanova), Cui, L. (Liufu), Cureau, F. V. (Felipe, V), D'Arrigo, G. (Graziella), d'Orsi, E. (Eleonora), Dallongeville, J. (Jean), Damasceno, A. (Albertino), Dankner, R. (Rachel), Dantoft, T. M. (Thomas M.), Dauchet, L. (Luc), Davletov, K. (Kairat), De Backer, G. (Guy), De Bacquer, D. (Dirk), de Gaetano, G. (Giovanni), De Henauw, S. (Stefaan), de Oliveira, P. D. (Paula Duarte), De Ridder, D. (David), De Smedt, D. (Delphine), Deepa, M. (Mohan), Deev, A. D. (Alexander D.), Dehghan, A. (Abbas), Delisle, H. (Helene), Dennison, E. (Elaine), Deschamps, V. (Valerie), Dhimal, M. (Meghnath), Di Castelnuovo, A. F. (Augusto F.), Dika, Z. (Zivka), Djalalinia, S. (Shirin), Dobson, A. J. (Annette J.), Donfrancesco, C. (Chiara), Donoso, S. P. (Silvana P.), Doring, A. (Angela), Dorobantu, M. (Maria), Dragano, N. (Nico), Drygas, W. (Wojciech), Du, Y. (Yong), Duante, C. A. (Charmaine A.), Duda, R. B. (Rosemary B.), Dzerve, V. (Vilnis), Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E. (Elzbieta), Eddie, R. (Ricky), Eftekhar, E. (Ebrahim), Eggertsen, R. (Robert), Eghtesad, S. (Sareh), Eiben, G. (Gabriele), Ekelund, U. (Ulf), El Ati, J. (Jalila), Eldemire-Shearer, D. (Denise), Eliasen, M. (Marie), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Erasmus, R. T. (Rajiv T.), Erbel, R. (Raimund), Erem, C. (Cihangir), Eriksen, L. (Louise), Eriksson, J. G. (Johan G.), Escobedo-de la Pena, J. (Jorge), Eslami, S. (Saeid), Esmaeili, A. (Ali), Evans, A. (Alun), Faeh, D. (David), Fall, C. H. (Caroline H.), Faramarzi, E. (Elnaz), Farjam, M. (Mojtaba), Fattahi, M. R. (Mohammad Reza), Felix-Redondo, F. J. (Francisco J.), Ferguson, T. S. (Trevor S.), Fernandez-Berges, D. (Daniel), Ferrante, D. (Daniel), Ferrari, M. (Marika), Ferreccio, C. (Catterina), Ferrieres, J. (Jean), Foger, B. (Bernhard), Foo, L. H. (Leng Huat), Forslund, A.-S. (Ann-Sofie), Forsner, M. (Maria), Fouad, H. M. (Heba M.), Francis, D. K. (Damian K.), Franco, M. d. (Maria do Carmo), Franco, O. H. (Oscar H.), Frontera, G. (Guillermo), Fujita, Y. (Yuki), Fumihiko, M. (Matsuda), Furusawa, T. (Takuro), Gaciong, Z. (Zbigniew), Galvano, F. (Fabio), Gao, J. (Jingli), Garcia-de-la-Hera, M. (Manoli), Garnett, S. P. (Sarah P.), Gaspoz, J.-M. (Jean-Michel), Gasull, M. (Magda), Gazzinelli, A. (Andrea), Geleijnse, J. M. (Johanna M.), Ghanbari, A. (Ali), Ghasemi, E. (Erfan), Gheorghe-Fronea, O.-F. (Oana-Florentina), Ghimire, A. (Anup), Gianfagna, F. (Francesco), Gill, T. K. (Tiffany K.), Giovannelli, J. (Jonathan), Gironella, G. (Glen), Giwercman, A. (Aleksander), Goltzman, D. (David), Goncalves, H. (Helen), Gonzalez-Chica, D. A. (David A.), Gonzalez-Gross, M. (Marcela), Gonzalez-Rivas, J. P. (Juan P.), Gonzalez-Villalpando, C. (Clicerio), Gonzalez-Villalpando, M.-E. (Maria-Elena), Gonzalez, A. R. (Angel R.), Gottrand, F. (Frederic), Graff-Iversen, S. (Sidsel), Gregor, R. D. (Ronald D.), Grodzicki, T. (Tomasz), Grontved, A. (Anders), Grosso, G. (Giuseppe), Gruden, G. (Gabriella), Gu, D. (Dongfeng), Guallar-Castillon, P. (Pilar), Guan, O. P. (Ong Peng), Gudmundsson, E. F. (Elias F.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Guerrero, R. (Ramiro), Guessous, I. (Idris), Gunnlaugsdottir, J. (Johanna), Gupta, R. (Rajeev), Gutierrez, L. (Laura), Gutzwiller, F. (Felix), Ha, S. (Seongjun), Hadaegh, F. (Farzad), Haghshenas, R. (Rosa), Hakimi, H. (Hamid), Hambleton, I. R. (Ian R.), Hamzeh, B. (Behrooz), Hantunen, S. (Sari), Kumar, R. H. (Rachakulla Hari), Hashemi-Shahri, S. M. (Seyed Mohammad), Hata, J. (Jun), Haugsgjerd, T. (Teresa), Hayes, A. J. (Alison J.), He, J. (Jiang), He, Y. (Yuna), Hendriks, M. E. (Marleen Elisabeth), Henriques, A. (Ana), Herrala, S. (Sauli), Heshmat, R. (Ramin), Hill, A. G. (Allan G.), Ho, S. Y. (Sai Yin), Ho, S. C. (Suzanne C.), Hobbs, M. (Michael), Hofman, A. (Albert), Homayounfar, R. (Reza), Hopman, W. M. (Wilma M.), Horimoto, A. R. (Andrea R. V. R.), Hormiga, C. M. (Claudia M.), Horta, B. L. (Bernardo L.), Houti, L. (Leila), Howitt, C. (Christina), Htay, T. T. (Thein Thein), Htet, A. S. (Aung Soe), Htike, M. M. (Maung Maung Than), Huerta, J. M. (Jose Maria), Huhtaniemi, I. T. (Ilpo Tapani), Huisman, M. (Martijn), Hunsberger, M. L. (Monica L.), Husseini, A. S. (Abdullatif S.), Huybrechts, I. (Inge), Hwalla, N. (Nahla), Iacoviello, L. (Licia), Iannone, A. G. (Anna G.), Ibrahim, M. M. (Mohsen M.), Wong, N. I. (Norazizah Ibrahim), Iglesia, I. (Iris), Ikeda, N. (Nayu), Ikram, M. A. (M. Arfan), Iotova, V. (Violeta), Irazola, V. E. (Vilma E.), Ishida, T. (Takafumi), Islam, M. (Muhammad), Ismail, A. A. (Aziz Al-Safi), Iwasaki, M. (Masanori), Jacobs, J. M. (Jeremy M.), Jaddou, H. Y. (Hashem Y.), Jafar, T. (Tazeen), James, K. (Kenneth), Jamrozik, K. (Konrad), Janszky, I. (Imre), Janus, E. (Edward), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Jasienska, G. (Grazyna), Jelakovic, A. (Ana), Jelakovic, B. (Bojan), Jennings, G. (Garry), Jensen, G. B. (Gorm B.), Jeong, S.-l. (Seung-lyeal), Jha, A. K. (Anjani Kumar), Jiang, C. Q. (Chao Qiang), Jimenez, R. O. (Ramon O.), Jockel, K.-H. (Karl-Heinz), Joffres, M. (Michel), Jokelainen, J. J. (Jari J.), Jonas, J. B. (Jost B.), Jorgensen, T. (Torben), Joshi, P. (Pradeep), Joukar, F. (Farahnaz), Jozwiak, J. (Jacek), Juolevi, A. (Anne), Kafatos, A. (Anthony), Kajantie, E. O. (Eero O.), Kalter-Leibovici, O. (Ofra), Kamaruddin, N. A. (Nor Azmi), Kamstrup, P. R. (Pia R.), Karki, K. B. (Khem B.), Katz, J. (Joanne), Kauhanen, J. (Jussi), Kaur, P. (Prabhdeep), Kavousi, M. (Maryam), Kazakbaeva, G. (Gyulli), Keil, U. (Ulrich), Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Kelishadi, R. (Roya), Keramati, M. (Maryam), Kerimkulova, A. (Alina), Kersting, M. (Mathilde), Khader, Y. S. (Yousef Saleh), Khalili, D. (Davood), Khateeb, M. (Mohammad), Kheradmand, M. (Motahareh), Khosravi, A. (Alireza), Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U. (Ursula), Kiechl, S. (Stefan), Killewo, J. (Japhet), Kim, H. C. (Hyeon Chang), Kim, J. (Jeongseon), Kim, Y.-Y. (Yeon-Yong), Klumbiene, J. (Jurate), Knoflach, M. (Michael), Ko, S. (Stephanie), Kohler, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Kohler, I. V. (Iliana, V), Kolle, E. (Elin), Kolsteren, P. (Patrick), Konig, J. (Jurgen), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), . (), Kos, J. (Jelena), Koskinen, S. (Seppo), Kouda, K. (Katsuyasu), Kowlessur, S. (Sudhir), Kratzer, W. (Wolfgang), Kriemler, S. (Susi), Kristensen, P. L. (Peter Lund), Krokstad, S. (Steiner), Kromhout, D. (Daan), Kujala, U. M. (Urho M.), Kurjata, P. (Pawel), Kyobutungi, C. (Catherine), Laamiri, F. Z. (Fatima Zahra), Laatikainen, T. (Tiina), Lachat, C. (Carl), Laid, Y. (Youcef), Lam, T. H. (Tai Hing), Lambrinou, C.-P. (Christina-Paulina), Lanska, V. (Vera), Lappas, G. (Georg), Larijani, B. (Bagher), Latt, T. S. (Tint Swe), Laugsand, L. E. (Lars E.), Lazo-Porras, M. (Maria), Lee, J. (Jeannette), Lee, J. (Jeonghee), Lehmann, N. (Nils), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Levitt, N. S. (Naomi S.), Li, Y. (Yanping), Lilly, C. L. (Christa L.), Lim, W.-Y. (Wei-Yen), Lima-Costa, M. F. (M. Fernanda), Lin, H.-H. (Hsien-Ho), Lin, X. (Xu), Lin, Y.-T. (Yi-Ting), Lind, L. (Lars), Linneberg, A. (Allan), Lissner, L. (Lauren), Liu, J. (Jing), Loit, H.-M. (Helle-Mai), Lopez-Garcia, E. (Esther), Lopez, T. (Tania), Lotufo, P. A. (Paulo A.), Lozano, J. E. (Jose Eugenio), Luksiene, D. (Dalia), Lundqvist, A. (Annamari), Lundqvist, R. (Robert), Lunet, N. (Nuno), Ma, G. (Guansheng), Machado-Coelho, G. L. (George L. L.), Machado-Rodrigues, A. M. (Aristides M.), Machi, S. (Suka), Madar, A. A. (Ahmed A.), Maggi, S. (Stefania), Magliano, D. J. (Dianna J.), Magriplis, E. (Emmanuella), Mahasampath, G. (Gowri), Maire, B. (Bernard), Makdisse, M. (Marcia), Malekzadeh, F. (Fatemeh), Rao, K. M. (Kodavanti Mallikharjuna), Manios, Y. (Yannis), Mann, J. I. (Jim, I), Mansour-Ghanaei, F. (Fariborz), Manzato, E. (Enzo), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Martorell, R. (Reynaldo), Mascarenhas, L. P. (Luis P.), Mathiesen, E. B. (Ellisiv B.), Matsha, T. E. (Tandi E.), Mavrogianni, C. (Christina), McFarlane, S. R. (Shelly R.), McGarvey, S. T. (Stephen T.), McLachlan, S. (Stela), McLean, R. M. (Rachael M.), McLean, S. B. (Scott B.), McNulty, B. A. (Breige A.), Mediene-Benchekor, S. (Sounnia), Mehdipour, P. (Parinaz), Mehlig, K. (Kirsten), Mehrparvar, A. (AmirHoushang), Meirhaeghe, A. (Aline), Meisinger, C. (Christa), Menezes, A. M. (Ana Maria B.), Menon, G. R. (Geetha R.), Merat, S. (Shahin), Mereke, A. (Alibek), Meshram, I. I. (Indrapal I.), Metcalf, P. (Patricia), Meyer, H. E. (Haakon E.), Mi, J. (Jie), Michels, N. (Nathalie), Miller, J. C. (Jody C.), Minderico, C. S. (Claudia S.), Mini, G. K. (G. K.), Miquel, J. F. (Juan Francisco), Miranda, J. J. (J. Jaime), Mirjalili, M. R. (Mohammad Reza), Mirrakhimov, E. (Erkin), Modesti, P. A. (Pietro A.), Moghaddam, S. S. (Sahar Saeedi), Mohajer, B. (Bahram), Mohamed, M. (MostafaK), Mohammad, K. (Kazem), Mohammadi, Z. (Zahra), Mohammadifard, N. (Noushin), Mohammadpourhodki, R. (Reza), Mohan, V. (Viswanathan), Mohanna, S. (Salim), MohdYusoff, M. F. (Muhammad Fadhli), Mohebbi, I. (Iraj), Mohebi, F. (Farnam), Moitry, M. (Marie), Mollehave, L. T. (Line T.), Mller, N. C. (Niels C.), Molnar, D. (Denes), Momenan, A. (Amirabbas), Mondo, C. K. (Charles K.), Monterrubio-Flores, E. (Eric), Moosazadeh, M. (Mahmood), Morejon, A. (Alain), Moreno, L. A. (Luis A.), Morgan, K. (Karen), Morin, S. N. (Suzanne N.), Moschonis, G. (George), Mossakowska, M. (Malgorzata), Mostafa, A. (Aya), Mota, J. (Jorge), Motlagh, M. E. (Mohammad Esmaeel), Motta, J. (Jorge), Msyamboza, K. P. (Kelias P.), Muiesan, M. L. (Maria L.), Muller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Mursu, J. (Jaakko), Mustafa, N. (Norlaila), Nabipour, I. (Iraj), Naderimagham, S. (Shohreh), Nagel, G. (Gabriele), Naidu, B. M. (Balkish M.), Najafi, F. (Farid), Nakamura, H. (Harunobu), Nang, E. E. (Ei Ei K.), Nangia, V. B. (Vinay B.), Nauck, M. (Matthias), Neal, W. A. (William A.), Nejatizadeh, A. (Azim), Nenko, I. (Ilona), Nervi, F. (Flavio), Nguyen, N. D. (Nguyen D.), Nieto-Martinez, R. E. (Ramfis E.), Nihal, T. (Thomas), Niiranen, T. J. (Teemu J.), Ning, G. (Guang), Ninomiya, T. (Toshiharu), Noale, M. (Marianna), Noboa, O. A. (Oscar A.), Noto, D. (Davide), Al Nsour, M. (Mohannad), Nuhoglu, I. (Irfan), O'Neill, T. W. (Terence W.), O'Reilly, D. (Dermot), Ochoa-Aviles, A. M. (Angelica M.), Oh, K. (Kyungwon), Ohtsuka, R. (Ryutaro), Olafsson, O. (Orn), Olie, V. (Valerie), Oliveira, I. O. (Isabel O.), Omar, M. A. (Mohd Azahadi), Onat, A. (Altan), Ong, S. (SokKing), Ordunez, P. (Pedro), Ornelas, R. (Rui), Ortiz, P. J. (Pedro J.), Osmond, C. (Clive), Ostojic, S. M. (Sergej M.), Ostovar, A. (Afshin), Otero, J. A. (Johanna A.), Owusu-Dabo, E. (Ellis), Paccaud, F. M. (Fred Michel), Pahomova, E. (Elena), Pajak, A. (Andrzej), Palmieri, L. (Luigi), Pan, W.-H. (Wen-Harn), Panda-Jonas, S. (Songhomitra), Panza, F. (Francesco), Parnell, W. R. (Winsome R.), Patel, N. D. (Nikhil D.), Peer, N. (Nasheeta), Peixoto, S. V. (Sergio Viana), Peltonen, M. (Markku), Pereira, A. C. (Alexandre C.), Peters, A. (Annette), Petersmann, A. (Astrid), Petkeviciene, J. (Janina), Peykari, N. (Niloofar), Pichardo, R. N. (Rafael N.), Pigeot, I. (Iris), Pilav, A. (Aida), Pilotto, L. (Lorenza), Piwonska, A. (Aleksandra), Pizarro, A. N. (Andreia N.), Plans-Rubio, P. (Pedro), Plata, S. (Silvia), Pohlabeln, H. (Hermann), Porta, M. (Miquel), Portegies, M. L. (Marileen L. P.), Poudyal, A. (Anil), Pourfarzi, F. (Farhad), Poustchi, H. (Hossein), Pradeepa, R. (Rajendra), Price, J. F. (Jacqueline F.), Providencia, R. (Rui), Puder, J. J. (Jardena J.), Puhakka, S. E. (Soile E.), Punab, M. (Margus), Qorbani, M. (Mostafa), Radisauskas, R. (Ricardas), Rahimikazerooni, S. (Salar), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Rao, S. R. (Sudha Ramachandra), Ramachandran, A. (Ambady), Ramos, E. (Elisabete), Ramos, R. (Rafel), Rampal, L. (Lekhraj), Rampal, S. (Sanjay), Redon, J. (Josep), Reganit, P. F. (Paul Ferdinand M.), Revilla, L. (Luis), Rezaianzadeh, A. (Abbas), Ribeiro, R. (Robespierre), Richter, A. (Adrian), Rigo, F. (Fernando), de Wit, T. F. (Tobias F. Rinke), Rodriguez-Artalejo, F. (Fernando), Rodriguez-Perez, M. d. (Maria del Cristo), Rodriguez-Villamizar, L. A. (Laura A.), Roggenbuck, U. (Ulla), Rojas-Martinez, R. (Rosalba), Romaguera, D. (Dora), Romeo, E. L. (Elisabetta L.), Rosengren, A. (Annika), Roy, J. G. (Joel G. R.), Rubinstein, A. (Adolfo), Ruidavets, J.-B. (Jean-Bernard), Ruiz-Betancourt, B. S. (Blanca Sandra), Russo, P. (Paola), Rust, P. (Petra), Rutkowski, M. (Marcin), Sabanayagam, C. (Charumathi), Sachdev, H. S. (Harshpal S.), Sadjadi, A. (Alireza), Safarpour, A. R. (Ali Reza), Safiri, S. (Saeid), Saidi, O. (Olfa), Saki, N. (Nader), Salanave, B. (Benoit), Salmeron, D. (Diego), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Salonen, J. T. (Jukka T.), Salvetti, M. (Massimo), Sanchez-Abanto, J. (Jose), Sans, S. (Susana), Santaliestra-Pasias, A. M. (Alba M.), Santos, D. A. (Diana A.), Santos, M. (MariaPaula), Santos, R. (Rute), Saramies, J. L. (Jouko L.), Sardinha, L. B. (Luis B.), Sarrafzadegan, N. (Nizal), Saum, K.-U. (Kai-Uwe), Savva, S. C. (Savvas C.), Sawada, N. (Norie), Sbaraini, M. (Mariana), Scazufca, M. (Marcia), Schaan, B. D. (Beatriz D.), Schargrodsky, H. (Herman), Scheidt-Nave, C. (Christa), Schienkiewitz, A. (Anja), Schipf, S. (Sabine), Schmidt, C. O. (Carsten O.), Schottker, B. (Ben), Schramm, S. (Sara), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Sein, A. A. (Aye Aye), Sen, A. (Abhijit), Sepanlou, S. G. (Sadaf G.), Servais, J. (Jennifer), Shakeri, R. (Ramin), Shalnova, S. A. (Svetlana A.), Shamah-Levy, T. (Teresa), Sharafkhah, M. (Maryam), Sharma, S. K. (Sanjib K.), Shaw, J. E. (Jonathan E.), Shayanrad, A. (Amaneh), Shi, Z. (Zumin), Shibuya, K. (Kenji), Shimizu-Furusawa, H. (Hana), Shin, D. W. (Dong Wook), Shin, Y. (Youchan), Shirani, M. (Majid), Shiri, R. (Rahman), Shrestha, N. (Namuna), Si-Ramlee, K. (Khairil), Siani, A. (Alfonso), Siantar, R. (Rosalynn), Sibai, A. M. (Abla M.), Santos Silva, D. A. (Diego Augusto), Simon, M. (Mary), Simons, J. (Judith), Simons, L. A. (Leon A.), Sjostrom, M. (Michael), Skaaby, T. (Tea), Slowikowska-Hilczer, J. (Jolanta), Slusarczyk, P. (Przemyslaw), Smeeth, L. (Liam), Snijder, M. B. (Marieke B.), Soderberg, S. (Stefan), Soemantri, A. (Agustinus), Sofat, R. (Reecha), Solfrizzi, V. (Vincenzo), Somi, M. H. (Mohammad Hossein), Sonestedt, E. (Emily), Sorensen, T. I. (Thorkild I. A.), Jerome, C. S. (Charles Sossa), Soumare, A. (Aicha), Sozmen, K. (Kaan), Sparrenberger, K. (Karen), Staessen, J. A. (Jan A.), Stathopoulou, M. G. (Maria G.), Stavreski, B. (Bill), Steene-Johannessen, J. (Jostein), Stehle, P. (Peter), Stein, A. D. (Aryeh D.), Stessman, J. (Jochanan), Stevanovic, R. (Ranko), Stieber, J. (Jutta), Stockl, D. (Doris), Stokwiszewski, J. (Jakub), Stronks, K. (Karien), Strufaldi, M. W. (Maria Wany), Suarez-Medina, R. (Ramon), Sun, C.-A. (Chien-An), Sundstrom, J. (Johan), Suriyawongpaisal, P. (Paibul), Sy, R. G. (Rody G.), Sylva, R. C. (Rene Charles), Szklo, M. (Moyses), Tai, E. S. (E. Shyong), Tamosiunas, A. (Abdonas), Tan, E. (EngJoo), Tarawneh, M. R. (Mohammed Rasoul), Tarqui-Mamani, C. B. (Carolina B.), Taylor, A. (Anne), Taylor, J. (Julie), Tell, G. S. (Grethe S.), Tello, T. (Tania), Thankappan, K. R. (K. R.), Thijs, L. (Lutgarde), Thuesen, B. H. (Betina H.), Toft, U. (Ulla), Tolonen, H. K. (Hanna K.), Tolstrup, J. S. (Janne S.), Topbas, M. (Murat), Topor-Madry, R. (Roman), Tormo, M. J. (Maria Jose), Tornaritis, M. J. (Michael J.), Torrent, M. (Maties), Torres-Collado, L. (Laura), Traissac, P. (Pierre), Trinh, O. T. (Oanh T. H.), Truthmann, J. (Julia), Tsugane, S. (Shoichiro), Tulloch-Reid, M. K. (Marshall K.), Tuomainen, T.-P. (Tomi-Pekka), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Tybjaerg-Hansen, A. (Anne), Tzourio, C. (Christophe), Ueda, P. (Peter), Ugel, E. (Eunice), Ulmer, H. (Hanno), Unal, B. (Belgin), Uusitalo, H. M. (Hannu M. T.), Valdivia, G. (Gonzalo), Valvi, D. (Damaskini), van Dam, R. (RobM), van der Schouw, Y. T. (Yvonne T.), Van Herck, K. (Koen), Rossem, L. (Lenievan), Van Schoor, N. M. (Natasja M.), van Valkengoed, I. G. (Irene G. M.), Vanderschueren, D. (Dirk), Vanuzzo, D. (Diego), Varbo, A. (Anette), Varona-Perez, P. (Patricia), Vasan, S. K. (Senthil K.), Vatten, L. (Lars), Vega, T. (Tomas), Veidebaum, T. (Toomas), Velasquez-Melendez, G. (Gustavo), Venero-Fernandez, S. J. (Silvia J.), Veronesi, G. (Giovanni), MoniqueVerschuren, W. M. (W. M.), Victora, C. G. (Cesar G.), Vidiawati, D. (Dhanasari), Viet, L. (Lucie), Villalpando, S. (Salvador), Vioque, J. (Jesus), Virtanen, J. K. (Jyrki K.), Visvikis-Siest, S. (Sophie), Viswanathan, B. (Bharathi), Vlasoff, T. (Tiina), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Voutilainen, A. (Ari), Wade, A. N. (Alisha N.), Wagner, A. (Aline), Walton, J. (Janette), Bebakar, W. M. (Wan Mohamad Wan), WanMohamud, W. N. (Wan Nazaimoon), Wang, M.-D. (Ming-Dong), Wang, N. (Ningli), Wang, Q. (Qian), Wang, Y. X. (Ya Xing), Wang, Y.-W. (Ying-Wei), Wannamethee, S. G. (S. Goya), Wedderkopp, N. (Niels), Wei, W. (Wenbin), Whincup, P. H. (Peter H.), Widhalm, K. (Kurt), Widyahening, I. S. (Indah S.), Wiecek, A. (Andrzej), Wijga, A. H. (Alet H.), Wilks, R. J. (Rainford J.), Willeit, J. (Johann), Willeit, P. (Peter), Wilsgaard, T. (Tom), Wojtyniak, B. (Bogdan), Wong-McClure, R. A. (Roy A.), Wong, A. (Andrew), Wong, T. Y. (Tien Yin), Woo, J. (Jean), Woodward, M. (Mark), Wu, F. C. (Frederick C.), Wu, S. (Shouling), Xu, H. (Haiquan), Xu, L. (Liang), Yan, W. (Weili), Yang, X. (Xiaoguang), Yasuharu, T. (Tabara), Ye, X. (Xingwang), Yeow, T. P. (Toh Peng), Yiallouros, P. K. (Panayiotis K.), Yoosefi, M. (Moein), Yoshihara, A. (Akihiro), You, S.-L. (San-Lin), Younger-Coleman, N. O. (Novie O.), Yusoff, A. F. (Ahmad Faudzi), Zainuddin, A. A. (Ahmad A.), Zakavi, S. R. (Seyed Rasoul), Zali, M. R. (Mohammad Reza), Zamani, F. (Farhad), Zambon, S. (Sabina), Zampelas, A. (Antonis), KoZaw, K. (Ko), Zdrojewski, T. (Tomasz), Vrkic, T. Z. (Tajana Zeljkovic), Zhang, Z.-Y. (Zhen-Yu), Zhao, W. (Wenhua), Zhen, S. (Shiqi), Zheng, Y. (Yingfeng), Zholdin, B. (Bekbolat), Zhussupov, B. (Baurzhan), Zoghlami, N. (Nada), Cisneros, J. Z. (Julio Zuniga), Gregg, E. W. (Edward W.), Ezzati, M. (Majid), Taddei, C. (Cristina), Zhou, B. (Bin), Bixby, H. (Honor), Carrillo-Larco, R. M. (Rodrigo M.), Danaei, G. (Goodarz), Jackson, R. T. (Rod T.), Farzadfar, F. (Farshad), Sophiea, M. K. (Marisa K.), Di Cesare, M. (Mariachiara), Iurilli, M. L. (Maria Laura Caminia), Martinez, A. R. (Andrea Rodriguez), Asghari, G. (Golaleh), Dhana, K. (Klodian), Gulayin, P. (Pablo), Kakarmath, S. (Sujay), Santero, M. (Marilina), Voortman, T. (Trudy), Riley, L. M. (Leanne M.), Cowan, M. J. (Melanie J.), Savin, S. (Stefan), Bennett, J. E. (James E.), Stevens, G. A. (Gretchen A.), Paciorek, C. J. (Christopher J.), Aekplakorn, W. (Wichai), Cifkova, R. (Renata), Giampaoli, S. (Simona), Kengne, A. P. (Andre Pascal), Khang, Y.-H. (Young-Ho), Kuulasmaa, K. (Kari), Laxmaiah, A. (Avula), Margozzini, P. (Paula), Mathur, P. (Prashant), Nordestgaard, B. G. (Borge G.), Zhao, D. (Dong), Aadahl, M. (Mette), Abarca-Gomez, L. (Leandra), Rahim, H. A. (Hanan Abdul), Abu-Rmeileh, N. M. (Niveen M.), Acosta-Cazares, B. (Benjamin), Adams, R. J. (Robert J.), Agdeppa, I. A. (Imelda A.), Aghazadeh-Attari, J. (Javad), Aguilar-Salinas, C. A. (Carlos A.), Agyemang, C. (Charles), Ahluwalia, T. S. (Tarunveer S.), Ahmad, N. A. (Noor Ani), Ahmadi, A. (Ali), Ahmadi, N. (Naser), Ahmed, S. H. (Soheir H.), Ahrens, W. (Wolfgang), Ajlouni, K. (Kamel), Alarouj, M. (Monira), AlBuhairan, F. (Fadia), AlDhukair, S. (Shahla), Ali, M. M. (Mohamed M.), Alkandari, A. (Abdullah), Alkerwi, A. (Ala'a), Aly, E. (Eman), Amarapurkar, D. N. (Deepak N.), Amouyel, P. (Philippe), Andersen, L. B. (Lars Bo), Anderssen, S. A. (Sigmund A.), Anjana, R. M. (Ranjit Mohan), Ansari-Moghaddam, A. (Alireza), Aounallah-Skhiri, H. (Hajer), Araujo, J. (Joana), Ariansen, I. (Inger), Aris, T. (Tahir), Arku, R. E. (Raphael E.), Arlappa, N. (Nimmathota), Aryal, K. K. (Krishna K.), Aspelund, T. (Thor), Assuncao, M. C. (Maria Cecilia F.), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Avdicova, M. (Maria), Azevedo, A. (Ana), Azizi, F. (Fereidoun), Azmin, M. (Mehrdad), Balakrishna, N. (Nagalla), Bamoshmoosh, M. (Mohamed), Banach, M. (Maciej), Bandosz, P. (Piotr), Banegas, J. R. (Jose R.), Barbagallo, C. M. (Carlo M.), Barcelo, A. (Alberto), Barkat, A. (Amina), Bata, I. (Iqbal), Batieha, A. M. (Anwar M.), Batyrbek, A. (Assembekov), Baur, L. A. (Louise A.), Beaglehole, R. (Robert), Belavendra, A. (Antonisamy), Ben Romdhane, H. (Habiba), Benet, M. (Mikhail), Benn, M. (Marianne), Berkinbayev, S. (Salim), Bernabe-Ortiz, A. (Antonio), Bernotiene, G. (Gailute), Bettiol, H. (Heloisa), Bhargava, S. K. (Santosh K.), Bi, Y. (Yufang), Bienek, A. (Asako), Bikbov, M. (Mukharram), Bista, B. (Bihungum), Bjerregaard, P. (Peter), Bjertness, E. (Espen), Bjertness, M. B. (Marius B.), Bjorkelund, C. (Cecilia), Bloch, K. V. (Katia, V), Blokstra, A. (Anneke), Bo, S. (Simona), Boehm, B. O. (Bernhard O.), Boggia, J. G. (Jose G.), Boissonnet, C. P. (Carlos P.), Bonaccio, M. (Marialaura), Bongard, V. (Vanina), Borchini, R. (Rossana), Borghs, H. (Herman), Bovet, P. (Pascal), Brajkovich, I. (Imperia), Breckenkamp, J. (Juergen), Brenner, H. (Hermann), Brewster, L. M. (Lizzy M.), Bruno, G. (Graziella), Bugge, A. (Anna), Busch, M. A. (Markus A.), de Leon, A. C. (Antonio Cabrera), Cacciottolo, J. (Joseph), Can, G. (Gunay), Candido, A. P. (Ana Paula C.), Capanzana, M. V. (Mario, V), Capuano, E. (Eduardo), Capuano, V. (Vincenzo), Cardoso, V. C. (Viviane C.), Carvalho, J. (Joana), Casanueva, F. F. (Felipe F.), Censi, L. (Laura), Chadjigeorgiou, C. A. (Charalambos A.), Chamukuttan, S. (Snehalatha), Chaturvedi, N. (Nish), Chen, C.-J. (Chien-Jen), Chen, F. (Fangfang), Chen, S. (Shuohua), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Cheraghian, B. (Bahman), Chetrit, A. (Angela), Chiou, S.-T. (Shu-Ti), Chirlaque, M.-D. (Maria-Dolores), Cho, B. (Belong), Cho, Y. (Yumi), Chudek, J. (Jerzy), Claessens, F. (Frank), Clarke, J. (Janine), Clays, E. (Els), Concin, H. (Hans), Confortin, S. C. (Susana C.), Cooper, C. (Cyrus), Costanzo, S. (Simona), Cottel, D. (Dominique), Cowell, C. (Chris), Crujeiras, A. B. (Ana B.), Csilla, S. (Semanova), Cui, L. (Liufu), Cureau, F. V. (Felipe, V), D'Arrigo, G. (Graziella), d'Orsi, E. (Eleonora), Dallongeville, J. (Jean), Damasceno, A. (Albertino), Dankner, R. (Rachel), Dantoft, T. M. (Thomas M.), Dauchet, L. (Luc), Davletov, K. (Kairat), De Backer, G. (Guy), De Bacquer, D. (Dirk), de Gaetano, G. (Giovanni), De Henauw, S. (Stefaan), de Oliveira, P. D. (Paula Duarte), De Ridder, D. (David), De Smedt, D. (Delphine), Deepa, M. (Mohan), Deev, A. D. (Alexander D.), Dehghan, A. (Abbas), Delisle, H. (Helene), Dennison, E. (Elaine), Deschamps, V. (Valerie), Dhimal, M. (Meghnath), Di Castelnuovo, A. F. (Augusto F.), Dika, Z. (Zivka), Djalalinia, S. (Shirin), Dobson, A. J. (Annette J.), Donfrancesco, C. (Chiara), Donoso, S. P. (Silvana P.), Doring, A. (Angela), Dorobantu, M. (Maria), Dragano, N. (Nico), Drygas, W. (Wojciech), Du, Y. (Yong), Duante, C. A. (Charmaine A.), Duda, R. B. (Rosemary B.), Dzerve, V. (Vilnis), Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E. (Elzbieta), Eddie, R. (Ricky), Eftekhar, E. (Ebrahim), Eggertsen, R. (Robert), Eghtesad, S. (Sareh), Eiben, G. (Gabriele), Ekelund, U. (Ulf), El Ati, J. (Jalila), Eldemire-Shearer, D. (Denise), Eliasen, M. (Marie), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Erasmus, R. T. (Rajiv T.), Erbel, R. (Raimund), Erem, C. (Cihangir), Eriksen, L. (Louise), Eriksson, J. G. (Johan G.), Escobedo-de la Pena, J. (Jorge), Eslami, S. (Saeid), Esmaeili, A. (Ali), Evans, A. (Alun), Faeh, D. (David), Fall, C. H. (Caroline H.), Faramarzi, E. (Elnaz), Farjam, M. (Mojtaba), Fattahi, M. R. (Mohammad Reza), Felix-Redondo, F. J. (Francisco J.), Ferguson, T. S. (Trevor S.), Fernandez-Berges, D. (Daniel), Ferrante, D. (Daniel), Ferrari, M. (Marika), Ferreccio, C. (Catterina), Ferrieres, J. (Jean), Foger, B. (Bernhard), Foo, L. H. (Leng Huat), Forslund, A.-S. (Ann-Sofie), Forsner, M. (Maria), Fouad, H. M. (Heba M.), Francis, D. K. (Damian K.), Franco, M. d. (Maria do Carmo), Franco, O. H. (Oscar H.), Frontera, G. (Guillermo), Fujita, Y. (Yuki), Fumihiko, M. (Matsuda), Furusawa, T. (Takuro), Gaciong, Z. (Zbigniew), Galvano, F. (Fabio), Gao, J. (Jingli), Garcia-de-la-Hera, M. (Manoli), Garnett, S. P. (Sarah P.), Gaspoz, J.-M. (Jean-Michel), Gasull, M. (Magda), Gazzinelli, A. (Andrea), Geleijnse, J. M. (Johanna M.), Ghanbari, A. (Ali), Ghasemi, E. (Erfan), Gheorghe-Fronea, O.-F. (Oana-Florentina), Ghimire, A. (Anup), Gianfagna, F. (Francesco), Gill, T. K. (Tiffany K.), Giovannelli, J. (Jonathan), Gironella, G. (Glen), Giwercman, A. (Aleksander), Goltzman, D. (David), Goncalves, H. (Helen), Gonzalez-Chica, D. A. (David A.), Gonzalez-Gross, M. (Marcela), Gonzalez-Rivas, J. P. (Juan P.), Gonzalez-Villalpando, C. (Clicerio), Gonzalez-Villalpando, M.-E. (Maria-Elena), Gonzalez, A. R. (Angel R.), Gottrand, F. (Frederic), Graff-Iversen, S. (Sidsel), Gregor, R. D. (Ronald D.), Grodzicki, T. (Tomasz), Grontved, A. (Anders), Grosso, G. (Giuseppe), Gruden, G. (Gabriella), Gu, D. (Dongfeng), Guallar-Castillon, P. (Pilar), Guan, O. P. (Ong Peng), Gudmundsson, E. F. (Elias F.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Guerrero, R. (Ramiro), Guessous, I. (Idris), Gunnlaugsdottir, J. (Johanna), Gupta, R. (Rajeev), Gutierrez, L. (Laura), Gutzwiller, F. (Felix), Ha, S. (Seongjun), Hadaegh, F. (Farzad), Haghshenas, R. (Rosa), Hakimi, H. (Hamid), Hambleton, I. R. (Ian R.), Hamzeh, B. (Behrooz), Hantunen, S. (Sari), Kumar, R. H. (Rachakulla Hari), Hashemi-Shahri, S. M. (Seyed Mohammad), Hata, J. (Jun), Haugsgjerd, T. (Teresa), Hayes, A. J. (Alison J.), He, J. (Jiang), He, Y. (Yuna), Hendriks, M. E. (Marleen Elisabeth), Henriques, A. (Ana), Herrala, S. (Sauli), Heshmat, R. (Ramin), Hill, A. G. (Allan G.), Ho, S. Y. (Sai Yin), Ho, S. C. (Suzanne C.), Hobbs, M. (Michael), Hofman, A. (Albert), Homayounfar, R. (Reza), Hopman, W. M. (Wilma M.), Horimoto, A. R. (Andrea R. V. R.), Hormiga, C. M. (Claudia M.), Horta, B. L. (Bernardo L.), Houti, L. (Leila), Howitt, C. (Christina), Htay, T. T. (Thein Thein), Htet, A. S. (Aung Soe), Htike, M. M. (Maung Maung Than), Huerta, J. M. (Jose Maria), Huhtaniemi, I. T. (Ilpo Tapani), Huisman, M. (Martijn), Hunsberger, M. L. (Monica L.), Husseini, A. S. (Abdullatif S.), Huybrechts, I. (Inge), Hwalla, N. (Nahla), Iacoviello, L. (Licia), Iannone, A. G. (Anna G.), Ibrahim, M. M. (Mohsen M.), Wong, N. I. (Norazizah Ibrahim), Iglesia, I. (Iris), Ikeda, N. (Nayu), Ikram, M. A. (M. Arfan), Iotova, V. (Violeta), Irazola, V. E. (Vilma E.), Ishida, T. (Takafumi), Islam, M. (Muhammad), Ismail, A. A. (Aziz Al-Safi), Iwasaki, M. (Masanori), Jacobs, J. M. (Jeremy M.), Jaddou, H. Y. (Hashem Y.), Jafar, T. (Tazeen), James, K. (Kenneth), Jamrozik, K. (Konrad), Janszky, I. (Imre), Janus, E. (Edward), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Jasienska, G. (Grazyna), Jelakovic, A. (Ana), Jelakovic, B. (Bojan), Jennings, G. (Garry), Jensen, G. B. (Gorm B.), Jeong, S.-l. (Seung-lyeal), Jha, A. K. (Anjani Kumar), Jiang, C. Q. (Chao Qiang), Jimenez, R. O. (Ramon O.), Jockel, K.-H. (Karl-Heinz), Joffres, M. (Michel), Jokelainen, J. J. (Jari J.), Jonas, J. B. (Jost B.), Jorgensen, T. (Torben), Joshi, P. (Pradeep), Joukar, F. (Farahnaz), Jozwiak, J. (Jacek), Juolevi, A. (Anne), Kafatos, A. (Anthony), Kajantie, E. O. (Eero O.), Kalter-Leibovici, O. (Ofra), Kamaruddin, N. A. (Nor Azmi), Kamstrup, P. R. (Pia R.), Karki, K. B. (Khem B.), Katz, J. (Joanne), Kauhanen, J. (Jussi), Kaur, P. (Prabhdeep), Kavousi, M. (Maryam), Kazakbaeva, G. (Gyulli), Keil, U. (Ulrich), Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Kelishadi, R. (Roya), Keramati, M. (Maryam), Kerimkulova, A. (Alina), Kersting, M. (Mathilde), Khader, Y. S. (Yousef Saleh), Khalili, D. (Davood), Khateeb, M. (Mohammad), Kheradmand, M. (Motahareh), Khosravi, A. (Alireza), Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U. (Ursula), Kiechl, S. (Stefan), Killewo, J. (Japhet), Kim, H. C. (Hyeon Chang), Kim, J. (Jeongseon), Kim, Y.-Y. (Yeon-Yong), Klumbiene, J. (Jurate), Knoflach, M. (Michael), Ko, S. (Stephanie), Kohler, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Kohler, I. V. (Iliana, V), Kolle, E. (Elin), Kolsteren, P. (Patrick), Konig, J. (Jurgen), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), . (), Kos, J. (Jelena), Koskinen, S. (Seppo), Kouda, K. (Katsuyasu), Kowlessur, S. (Sudhir), Kratzer, W. (Wolfgang), Kriemler, S. (Susi), Kristensen, P. L. (Peter Lund), Krokstad, S. (Steiner), Kromhout, D. (Daan), Kujala, U. M. (Urho M.), Kurjata, P. (Pawel), Kyobutungi, C. (Catherine), Laamiri, F. Z. (Fatima Zahra), Laatikainen, T. (Tiina), Lachat, C. (Carl), Laid, Y. (Youcef), Lam, T. H. (Tai Hing), Lambrinou, C.-P. (Christina-Paulina), Lanska, V. (Vera), Lappas, G. (Georg), Larijani, B. (Bagher), Latt, T. S. (Tint Swe), Laugsand, L. E. (Lars E.), Lazo-Porras, M. (Maria), Lee, J. (Jeannette), Lee, J. (Jeonghee), Lehmann, N. (Nils), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Levitt, N. S. (Naomi S.), Li, Y. (Yanping), Lilly, C. L. (Christa L.), Lim, W.-Y. (Wei-Yen), Lima-Costa, M. F. (M. Fernanda), Lin, H.-H. (Hsien-Ho), Lin, X. (Xu), Lin, Y.-T. (Yi-Ting), Lind, L. (Lars), Linneberg, A. (Allan), Lissner, L. (Lauren), Liu, J. (Jing), Loit, H.-M. (Helle-Mai), Lopez-Garcia, E. (Esther), Lopez, T. (Tania), Lotufo, P. A. (Paulo A.), Lozano, J. E. (Jose Eugenio), Luksiene, D. (Dalia), Lundqvist, A. (Annamari), Lundqvist, R. (Robert), Lunet, N. (Nuno), Ma, G. (Guansheng), Machado-Coelho, G. L. (George L. L.), Machado-Rodrigues, A. M. (Aristides M.), Machi, S. (Suka), Madar, A. A. (Ahmed A.), Maggi, S. (Stefania), Magliano, D. J. (Dianna J.), Magriplis, E. (Emmanuella), Mahasampath, G. (Gowri), Maire, B. (Bernard), Makdisse, M. (Marcia), Malekzadeh, F. (Fatemeh), Rao, K. M. (Kodavanti Mallikharjuna), Manios, Y. (Yannis), Mann, J. I. (Jim, I), Mansour-Ghanaei, F. (Fariborz), Manzato, E. (Enzo), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Martorell, R. (Reynaldo), Mascarenhas, L. P. (Luis P.), Mathiesen, E. B. (Ellisiv B.), Matsha, T. E. (Tandi E.), Mavrogianni, C. (Christina), McFarlane, S. R. (Shelly R.), McGarvey, S. T. (Stephen T.), McLachlan, S. (Stela), McLean, R. M. (Rachael M.), McLean, S. B. (Scott B.), McNulty, B. A. (Breige A.), Mediene-Benchekor, S. (Sounnia), Mehdipour, P. (Parinaz), Mehlig, K. (Kirsten), Mehrparvar, A. (AmirHoushang), Meirhaeghe, A. (Aline), Meisinger, C. (Christa), Menezes, A. M. (Ana Maria B.), Menon, G. R. (Geetha R.), Merat, S. (Shahin), Mereke, A. (Alibek), Meshram, I. I. (Indrapal I.), Metcalf, P. (Patricia), Meyer, H. E. (Haakon E.), Mi, J. (Jie), Michels, N. (Nathalie), Miller, J. C. (Jody C.), Minderico, C. S. (Claudia S.), Mini, G. K. (G. K.), Miquel, J. F. (Juan Francisco), Miranda, J. J. (J. Jaime), Mirjalili, M. R. (Mohammad Reza), Mirrakhimov, E. (Erkin), Modesti, P. A. (Pietro A.), Moghaddam, S. S. (Sahar Saeedi), Mohajer, B. (Bahram), Mohamed, M. (MostafaK), Mohammad, K. (Kazem), Mohammadi, Z. (Zahra), Mohammadifard, N. (Noushin), Mohammadpourhodki, R. (Reza), Mohan, V. (Viswanathan), Mohanna, S. (Salim), MohdYusoff, M. F. (Muhammad Fadhli), Mohebbi, I. (Iraj), Mohebi, F. (Farnam), Moitry, M. (Marie), Mollehave, L. T. (Line T.), Mller, N. C. (Niels C.), Molnar, D. (Denes), Momenan, A. (Amirabbas), Mondo, C. K. (Charles K.), Monterrubio-Flores, E. (Eric), Moosazadeh, M. (Mahmood), Morejon, A. (Alain), Moreno, L. A. (Luis A.), Morgan, K. (Karen), Morin, S. N. (Suzanne N.), Moschonis, G. (George), Mossakowska, M. (Malgorzata), Mostafa, A. (Aya), Mota, J. (Jorge), Motlagh, M. E. (Mohammad Esmaeel), Motta, J. (Jorge), Msyamboza, K. P. (Kelias P.), Muiesan, M. L. (Maria L.), Muller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Mursu, J. (Jaakko), Mustafa, N. (Norlaila), Nabipour, I. (Iraj), Naderimagham, S. (Shohreh), Nagel, G. (Gabriele), Naidu, B. M. (Balkish M.), Najafi, F. (Farid), Nakamura, H. (Harunobu), Nang, E. E. (Ei Ei K.), Nangia, V. B. (Vinay B.), Nauck, M. (Matthias), Neal, W. A. (William A.), Nejatizadeh, A. (Azim), Nenko, I. (Ilona), Nervi, F. (Flavio), Nguyen, N. D. (Nguyen D.), Nieto-Martinez, R. E. (Ramfis E.), Nihal, T. (Thomas), Niiranen, T. J. (Teemu J.), Ning, G. (Guang), Ninomiya, T. (Toshiharu), Noale, M. (Marianna), Noboa, O. A. (Oscar A.), Noto, D. (Davide), Al Nsour, M. (Mohannad), Nuhoglu, I. (Irfan), O'Neill, T. W. (Terence W.), O'Reilly, D. (Dermot), Ochoa-Aviles, A. M. (Angelica M.), Oh, K. (Kyungwon), Ohtsuka, R. (Ryutaro), Olafsson, O. (Orn), Olie, V. (Valerie), Oliveira, I. O. (Isabel O.), Omar, M. A. (Mohd Azahadi), Onat, A. (Altan), Ong, S. (SokKing), Ordunez, P. (Pedro), Ornelas, R. (Rui), Ortiz, P. J. (Pedro J.), Osmond, C. (Clive), Ostojic, S. M. (Sergej M.), Ostovar, A. (Afshin), Otero, J. A. (Johanna A.), Owusu-Dabo, E. (Ellis), Paccaud, F. M. (Fred Michel), Pahomova, E. (Elena), Pajak, A. (Andrzej), Palmieri, L. (Luigi), Pan, W.-H. (Wen-Harn), Panda-Jonas, S. (Songhomitra), Panza, F. (Francesco), Parnell, W. R. (Winsome R.), Patel, N. D. (Nikhil D.), Peer, N. (Nasheeta), Peixoto, S. V. (Sergio Viana), Peltonen, M. (Markku), Pereira, A. C. (Alexandre C.), Peters, A. (Annette), Petersmann, A. (Astrid), Petkeviciene, J. (Janina), Peykari, N. (Niloofar), Pichardo, R. N. (Rafael N.), Pigeot, I. (Iris), Pilav, A. (Aida), Pilotto, L. (Lorenza), Piwonska, A. (Aleksandra), Pizarro, A. N. (Andreia N.), Plans-Rubio, P. (Pedro), Plata, S. (Silvia), Pohlabeln, H. (Hermann), Porta, M. (Miquel), Portegies, M. L. (Marileen L. P.), Poudyal, A. (Anil), Pourfarzi, F. (Farhad), Poustchi, H. (Hossein), Pradeepa, R. (Rajendra), Price, J. F. (Jacqueline F.), Providencia, R. (Rui), Puder, J. J. (Jardena J.), Puhakka, S. E. (Soile E.), Punab, M. (Margus), Qorbani, M. (Mostafa), Radisauskas, R. (Ricardas), Rahimikazerooni, S. (Salar), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Rao, S. R. (Sudha Ramachandra), Ramachandran, A. (Ambady), Ramos, E. (Elisabete), Ramos, R. (Rafel), Rampal, L. (Lekhraj), Rampal, S. (Sanjay), Redon, J. (Josep), Reganit, P. F. (Paul Ferdinand M.), Revilla, L. (Luis), Rezaianzadeh, A. (Abbas), Ribeiro, R. (Robespierre), Richter, A. (Adrian), Rigo, F. (Fernando), de Wit, T. F. (Tobias F. Rinke), Rodriguez-Artalejo, F. (Fernando), Rodriguez-Perez, M. d. (Maria del Cristo), Rodriguez-Villamizar, L. A. (Laura A.), Roggenbuck, U. (Ulla), Rojas-Martinez, R. (Rosalba), Romaguera, D. (Dora), Romeo, E. L. (Elisabetta L.), Rosengren, A. (Annika), Roy, J. G. (Joel G. R.), Rubinstein, A. (Adolfo), Ruidavets, J.-B. (Jean-Bernard), Ruiz-Betancourt, B. S. (Blanca Sandra), Russo, P. (Paola), Rust, P. (Petra), Rutkowski, M. (Marcin), Sabanayagam, C. (Charumathi), Sachdev, H. S. (Harshpal S.), Sadjadi, A. (Alireza), Safarpour, A. R. (Ali Reza), Safiri, S. (Saeid), Saidi, O. (Olfa), Saki, N. (Nader), Salanave, B. (Benoit), Salmeron, D. (Diego), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Salonen, J. T. (Jukka T.), Salvetti, M. (Massimo), Sanchez-Abanto, J. (Jose), Sans, S. (Susana), Santaliestra-Pasias, A. M. (Alba M.), Santos, D. A. (Diana A.), Santos, M. (MariaPaula), Santos, R. (Rute), Saramies, J. L. (Jouko L.), Sardinha, L. B. (Luis B.), Sarrafzadegan, N. (Nizal), Saum, K.-U. (Kai-Uwe), Savva, S. C. (Savvas C.), Sawada, N. (Norie), Sbaraini, M. (Mariana), Scazufca, M. (Marcia), Schaan, B. D. (Beatriz D.), Schargrodsky, H. (Herman), Scheidt-Nave, C. (Christa), Schienkiewitz, A. (Anja), Schipf, S. (Sabine), Schmidt, C. O. (Carsten O.), Schottker, B. (Ben), Schramm, S. (Sara), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Sein, A. A. (Aye Aye), Sen, A. (Abhijit), Sepanlou, S. G. (Sadaf G.), Servais, J. (Jennifer), Shakeri, R. (Ramin), Shalnova, S. A. (Svetlana A.), Shamah-Levy, T. (Teresa), Sharafkhah, M. (Maryam), Sharma, S. K. (Sanjib K.), Shaw, J. E. (Jonathan E.), Shayanrad, A. (Amaneh), Shi, Z. (Zumin), Shibuya, K. (Kenji), Shimizu-Furusawa, H. (Hana), Shin, D. W. (Dong Wook), Shin, Y. (Youchan), Shirani, M. (Majid), Shiri, R. (Rahman), Shrestha, N. (Namuna), Si-Ramlee, K. (Khairil), Siani, A. (Alfonso), Siantar, R. (Rosalynn), Sibai, A. M. (Abla M.), Santos Silva, D. A. (Diego Augusto), Simon, M. (Mary), Simons, J. (Judith), Simons, L. A. (Leon A.), Sjostrom, M. (Michael), Skaaby, T. (Tea), Slowikowska-Hilczer, J. (Jolanta), Slusarczyk, P. (Przemyslaw), Smeeth, L. (Liam), Snijder, M. B. (Marieke B.), Soderberg, S. (Stefan), Soemantri, A. (Agustinus), Sofat, R. (Reecha), Solfrizzi, V. (Vincenzo), Somi, M. H. (Mohammad Hossein), Sonestedt, E. (Emily), Sorensen, T. I. (Thorkild I. A.), Jerome, C. S. (Charles Sossa), Soumare, A. (Aicha), Sozmen, K. (Kaan), Sparrenberger, K. (Karen), Staessen, J. A. (Jan A.), Stathopoulou, M. G. (Maria G.), Stavreski, B. (Bill), Steene-Johannessen, J. (Jostein), Stehle, P. (Peter), Stein, A. D. (Aryeh D.), Stessman, J. (Jochanan), Stevanovic, R. (Ranko), Stieber, J. (Jutta), Stockl, D. (Doris), Stokwiszewski, J. (Jakub), Stronks, K. (Karien), Strufaldi, M. W. (Maria Wany), Suarez-Medina, R. (Ramon), Sun, C.-A. (Chien-An), Sundstrom, J. (Johan), Suriyawongpaisal, P. (Paibul), Sy, R. G. (Rody G.), Sylva, R. C. (Rene Charles), Szklo, M. (Moyses), Tai, E. S. (E. Shyong), Tamosiunas, A. (Abdonas), Tan, E. (EngJoo), Tarawneh, M. R. (Mohammed Rasoul), Tarqui-Mamani, C. B. (Carolina B.), Taylor, A. (Anne), Taylor, J. (Julie), Tell, G. S. (Grethe S.), Tello, T. (Tania), Thankappan, K. R. (K. R.), Thijs, L. (Lutgarde), Thuesen, B. H. (Betina H.), Toft, U. (Ulla), Tolonen, H. K. (Hanna K.), Tolstrup, J. S. (Janne S.), Topbas, M. (Murat), Topor-Madry, R. (Roman), Tormo, M. J. (Maria Jose), Tornaritis, M. J. (Michael J.), Torrent, M. (Maties), Torres-Collado, L. (Laura), Traissac, P. (Pierre), Trinh, O. T. (Oanh T. H.), Truthmann, J. (Julia), Tsugane, S. (Shoichiro), Tulloch-Reid, M. K. (Marshall K.), Tuomainen, T.-P. (Tomi-Pekka), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Tybjaerg-Hansen, A. (Anne), Tzourio, C. (Christophe), Ueda, P. (Peter), Ugel, E. (Eunice), Ulmer, H. (Hanno), Unal, B. (Belgin), Uusitalo, H. M. (Hannu M. T.), Valdivia, G. (Gonzalo), Valvi, D. (Damaskini), van Dam, R. (RobM), van der Schouw, Y. T. (Yvonne T.), Van Herck, K. (Koen), Rossem, L. (Lenievan), Van Schoor, N. M. (Natasja M.), van Valkengoed, I. G. (Irene G. M.), Vanderschueren, D. (Dirk), Vanuzzo, D. (Diego), Varbo, A. (Anette), Varona-Perez, P. (Patricia), Vasan, S. K. (Senthil K.), Vatten, L. (Lars), Vega, T. (Tomas), Veidebaum, T. (Toomas), Velasquez-Melendez, G. (Gustavo), Venero-Fernandez, S. J. (Silvia J.), Veronesi, G. (Giovanni), MoniqueVerschuren, W. M. (W. M.), Victora, C. G. (Cesar G.), Vidiawati, D. (Dhanasari), Viet, L. (Lucie), Villalpando, S. (Salvador), Vioque, J. (Jesus), Virtanen, J. K. (Jyrki K.), Visvikis-Siest, S. (Sophie), Viswanathan, B. (Bharathi), Vlasoff, T. (Tiina), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Voutilainen, A. (Ari), Wade, A. N. (Alisha N.), Wagner, A. (Aline), Walton, J. (Janette), Bebakar, W. M. (Wan Mohamad Wan), WanMohamud, W. N. (Wan Nazaimoon), Wang, M.-D. (Ming-Dong), Wang, N. (Ningli), Wang, Q. (Qian), Wang, Y. X. (Ya Xing), Wang, Y.-W. (Ying-Wei), Wannamethee, S. G. (S. Goya), Wedderkopp, N. (Niels), Wei, W. (Wenbin), Whincup, P. H. (Peter H.), Widhalm, K. (Kurt), Widyahening, I. S. (Indah S.), Wiecek, A. (Andrzej), Wijga, A. H. (Alet H.), Wilks, R. J. (Rainford J.), Willeit, J. (Johann), Willeit, P. (Peter), Wilsgaard, T. (Tom), Wojtyniak, B. (Bogdan), Wong-McClure, R. A. (Roy A.), Wong, A. (Andrew), Wong, T. Y. (Tien Yin), Woo, J. (Jean), Woodward, M. (Mark), Wu, F. C. (Frederick C.), Wu, S. (Shouling), Xu, H. (Haiquan), Xu, L. (Liang), Yan, W. (Weili), Yang, X. (Xiaoguang), Yasuharu, T. (Tabara), Ye, X. (Xingwang), Yeow, T. P. (Toh Peng), Yiallouros, P. K. (Panayiotis K.), Yoosefi, M. (Moein), Yoshihara, A. (Akihiro), You, S.-L. (San-Lin), Younger-Coleman, N. O. (Novie O.), Yusoff, A. F. (Ahmad Faudzi), Zainuddin, A. A. (Ahmad A.), Zakavi, S. R. (Seyed Rasoul), Zali, M. R. (Mohammad Reza), Zamani, F. (Farhad), Zambon, S. (Sabina), Zampelas, A. (Antonis), KoZaw, K. (Ko), Zdrojewski, T. (Tomasz), Vrkic, T. Z. (Tajana Zeljkovic), Zhang, Z.-Y. (Zhen-Yu), Zhao, W. (Wenhua), Zhen, S. (Shiqi), Zheng, Y. (Yingfeng), Zholdin, B. (Bekbolat), Zhussupov, B. (Baurzhan), Zoghlami, N. (Nada), Cisneros, J. Z. (Julio Zuniga), Gregg, E. W. (Edward W.), and Ezzati, M. (Majid)
Abstract: High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries1,2. However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world³ and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health4,5. However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol—which is a marker of cardiovascular risk—changed from those in western Europe such as Belgium, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Malta in 1980 to those in Asia and the Pacific, such as Tokelau, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. In 2017, high non-HDL cholesterol was responsible for an estimated 3.9 million (95% credible interval 3.7 million–4.2 million) worldwide deaths, half of which occurred in east, southeast and south Asia. The global repositioning of lipid-related risk, with non-optimal cholesterol shifting from a distinct feature of high-income countries in northwestern Europe, north America and Australasia to one that affects countries in east and southeast Asia and Oceania should motivate the use of population-based policies and personal interventions t
Published: 2020

5. Associations of Urinary Uromodulin with Clinical Characteristics and Markers of Tubular Function in the General Population

Author: Pruijm M Ponte B Ackermann D Paccaud F Guessous I Ehret G Pechère-Bertschi A Vogt B Mohaupt
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Allelic variants in UMOD the gene coding for uromodulin are associated with rare tubulointerstitial kidney disorders and risk of CKD and hypertension in the general population. The factors associated with uromodulin excretion in the normal population remain largely unknown and were therefore explored in this study. DESIGN SETTING PARTICIPANTS MEASUREMENTS: Urinary uromodulin excretion was measured using a validated ELISA in two population based cohorts that included more than 6500 individuals. The Swiss Kidney Project on Genes in Hypertension study (SKIPOGH) included 817 adults (mean age±SD 45±17 years) who underwent renal ultrasonography and performed a 24 hour urine collection. The Cohorte Lausannoise study included 5706 adults (mean age 53±11 years) with fresh spot morning urine samples. We calculated eGFRs using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration formula and by 24 hour creatinine clearance. RESULTS: In both studies positive associations were found between uromodulin and urinary sodium chloride and potassium excretion and osmolality. In SKIPOGH 24 hour uromodulin excretion (median 41 [interquartile range 29 57] mg/24 h) was positively associated with kidney length and volume and with creatinine excretion and urine volume. It was negatively associated with age and diabetes. Both spot uromodulin concentration and 24 hour uromodulin excretion were linearly and positively associated (multivariate analyses) with eGFR
Published: 2016

6. Selection bias in ecological studies

Author: Rousson, V., Rosselet, P.C., and Paccaud, F.
Published: 2017
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7. Quality Assurance in Swiss University Hospitals: a Survey Among Clinical Department Heads

Author: Graz, B., Vader, J. P., Burnard, B., and Paccaud, F.
Subjects: humanities
Abstract: Objective: To obtain information to help design and implement quality improvement programmes. Design: Questionnaire survey. Setting: Swiss University Hospitals. Setting: Swiss University Hospitals. Study participants: Clinical Department heads. Main outcome measures: Attitudes towards quality assurance and percentage of departments with procedures for measurement and improvement of structure, process and outcome of medical care. Results: Among 138 departments responding, 69 indicated a designated person or group in charge of quality and 57 were involved in collaborative quality improvement programmes. Mortality data at the level of the department was unavailable to 33% of respondents, and data on adverse treatment effects to 67% of them. Most respondents (69%) favoured the use of outcome indicators for quality control; only 13% favoured indicators pertaining to process or structure of care. Among indicators of outcome, patient satisfaction was the preferred indicator (25% of respondents), followed by morbidity (16%) and mortality (12%) data. Conclusion: Although the quality of medical care in Switzerland enjoys an excellent reputation, this study highlights important gaps in the information system and the processes necessary to evaluate quality. Copyright © 1996 Eslevier Science Ltd
Published: 2017

8. Ageing with HIV: medication use and risk for potential drug-drug interactions

Author: Marzolini, Catia, Back, David, Weber, Rainer, Furrer, Hansjakob, Cavassini, Matthias, Calmy, Alexandra, Vernazza, Pietro, Bernasconi, Enos, Khoo, Saye, Battegay, Manuel, Elzi, Luigia, Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Bucher, H. C., Bürgisser, P., Calmy, A., Cattacin, S., Cavassini, M., Dubs, R., Egger, M., Elzi, L., Fischer, M., Flepp, M., Fontana, A., Francioli, P., Furrer, H., Fux, C., Gorgievski, M., Günthard, H., Hirsch, H. H., Hirschel, B., Hösli, I., Kahlert, Ch, Kaiser, L., Karrer, U., Kind, C., Klimkait, Th, Ledergerber, B., Martinetti, G., Martinez, B., Müller, N., Nadal, D., Opravil, M., Paccaud, F., Pantaleo, G., Rauch, A., Regenass, S., Rickenbach, M., Rudin, C., Schmid, P., Schultze, D., Schüpbach, J., Speck, R., Taffé, P., Tarr, P., Telenti, A., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Weber, R., and Yerly, S.
Abstract: Objectives To compare the use of co-medication, the potential drug-drug interactions (PDDIs) and the effect on antiretroviral therapy (ART) tolerability and efficacy in HIV-infected individuals according to age, ≥50 years or
Published: 2017

9. Population pharmacokinetic modelling and evaluation of different dosage regimens for darunavir and ritonavir in HIV-infected individuals

Author: Arab-Alameddine, M., Lubomirov, R., Fayet-Mello, A., Aouri, M., Rotger, M., Buclin, T., Widmer, N., Gatri, M., Ledergerber, B., Rentsch, K., Cavassini, M., Panchaud, A., Guidi, M., Telenti, A., Décosterd, L. A., Csajka, C., Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Bucher, H. C., Bürgisser, P., Calmy, A., Cattacin, S., Dubs, R., Egger, M., Elzi, L., Fischer, M., Flepp, M., Fontana, A., Francioli, P., Furrer, H., Fux, C. A., Gorgievski, M., Günthard, H., Hirsch, H. H., Hirschel, B., Hösli, I., Kahlert, C., Kaiser, L., Karrer, U., Kind, C., Klimkait, T., Martinetti, G., Müller, N., Nadal, D., Paccaud, F., Pantaleo, G., Rauch, A., Regenass, S., Rickenbach, M., Rudin, C., Schmid, P., Schultze, D., Schüpbach, J., Speck, R., de Tejada, B. M., Taffé, P., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Weber, R., and Yerly, S.
Subjects: immune system diseases, virus diseases
Abstract: Objectives Darunavir is a protease inhibitor that is administered with low-dose ritonavir to enhance its bioavailability. It is prescribed at standard dosage regimens of 600/100 mg twice daily in treatment-experienced patients and 800/100 mg once daily in naive patients. A population pharmacokinetic approach was used to characterize the pharmacokinetics of both drugs and their interaction in a cohort of unselected patients and to compare darunavir exposure expected under alternative dosage regimens. Methods The study population included 105 HIV-infected individuals who provided darunavir and ritonavir plasma concentrations. Firstly, a population pharmacokinetic analysis for darunavir and ritonavir was conducted, with inclusion of patients' demographic, clinical and genetic characteristics as potential covariates (NONMEM®). Then, the interaction between darunavir and ritonavir was studied while incorporating levels of both drugs into different inhibitory models. Finally, model-based simulations were performed to compare trough concentrations (Cmin) between the recommended dosage regimen and alternative combinations of darunavir and ritonavir. Results A one-compartment model with first-order absorption adequately characterized darunavir and ritonavir pharmacokinetics. The between-subject variability in both compounds was important [coefficient of variation (CV%) 34% and 47% for darunavir and ritonavir clearance, respectively]. Lopinavir and ritonavir exposure (AUC) affected darunavir clearance, while body weight and darunavir AUC influenced ritonavir elimination. None of the tested genetic variants showed any influence on darunavir or ritonavir pharmacokinetics. The simulations predicted darunavir Cmin much higher than the IC50 thresholds for wild-type and protease inhibitor-resistant HIV-1 strains (55 and 550 ng/mL, respectively) under standard dosing in >98% of experienced and naive patients. Alternative regimens of darunavir/ritonavir 1200/100 or 1200/200 mg once daily also had predicted adequate Cmin (>550 ng/mL) in 84% and 93% of patients, respectively. Reduction of darunavir/ritonavir dosage to 600/50 mg twice daily led to a 23% reduction in average Cmin, still with only 3.8% of patients having concentrations below the IC50 for resistant strains. Conclusions The important variability in darunavir and ritonavir pharmacokinetics is poorly explained by clinical covariates and genetic influences. In experienced patients, treatment simplification strategies guided by drug level measurements and adherence monitoring could be proposed
Published: 2017

10. Development of elderly patient safety indicators using Swiss and French administrative linked data: Marie Annick Le Pogam

Author: Le Pogam, MA, Burnand, B., Quantin, C., Tuppin, P., Reich, O., Fagot-Campagna, A., and Paccaud, F.
Published: 2017

11. Socioeconomic status, non-communicable disease risk factors, and walking speed in older adults: Multi-cohort population based study

Author: Stringhini, S. (Silvia), Carmeli, C. (Cristian), Jokela, M. (Markus), Avendano, M. (Mauricio), McCrory, C. (Cathal), D'Errico, A. (Angelo), Bochud, M. (Murielle), Barros, A.I. (Ana), Costa, G. (Giuseppe), Chadeau-Hyam, M. (Marc), Delpierre, C. (Cyrille), Gandini, M. (Martina), Fraga, S. (Silvia), Goldberg, M. (Marcel), Giles, G.G. (Graham G.), Lassale, C. (Camille), Kenny, R.A. (Rose Anne), Kelly-Irving, M. (Michelle), Paccaud, F. (Fred), Layte, R. (Richard), Muennig, P. (Peter), Marmot, M. (Michael), Ribeiro, A.I. (Ana Isabel), Severi, G. (Gianluca), Steptoe, A. (Andrew), Shipley, M.J., Zins, M. (Marie), Mackenbach, J.P. (Johan), Vineis, P. (Paolo), Kivimaki, M. (Mika), Stringhini, S. (Silvia), Carmeli, C. (Cristian), Jokela, M. (Markus), Avendano, M. (Mauricio), McCrory, C. (Cathal), D'Errico, A. (Angelo), Bochud, M. (Murielle), Barros, A.I. (Ana), Costa, G. (Giuseppe), Chadeau-Hyam, M. (Marc), Delpierre, C. (Cyrille), Gandini, M. (Martina), Fraga, S. (Silvia), Goldberg, M. (Marcel), Giles, G.G. (Graham G.), Lassale, C. (Camille), Kenny, R.A. (Rose Anne), Kelly-Irving, M. (Michelle), Paccaud, F. (Fred), Layte, R. (Richard), Muennig, P. (Peter), Marmot, M. (Michael), Ribeiro, A.I. (Ana Isabel), Severi, G. (Gianluca), Steptoe, A. (Andrew), Shipley, M.J., Zins, M. (Marie), Mackenbach, J.P. (Johan), Vineis, P. (Paolo), and Kivimaki, M. (Mika)
Abstract: Objective To assess the association of low socioeconomic status and risk factors for non-communicable diseases (diabe
Published: 2018
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12. Socioeconomic status, non-communicable disease risk factors, and walking speed in older adults: multi-cohort population based study

Author: Stringhini, S, Carmeli, C, Jokela, M, Avendano, M, McCrory, C, D'Errico, A, Bochud, M, Barros, H, Costa, G (Giuseppe), Chadeau-Hyam, M, Delpierre, C, Gandini, M, Fraga, S, Goldberg, M, Giles, GG, Lassale, C, Kenny, RA, Kelly-Irving, M, Paccaud, F, Layte, R, Muennig, P, Marmot, MG, Ribeiro, AI, Severi, G, Steptoe, A, Shipley, MJ, Zins, M, Mackenbach, Johan, Vineis, P, Kivimaki, M, Stringhini, S, Carmeli, C, Jokela, M, Avendano, M, McCrory, C, D'Errico, A, Bochud, M, Barros, H, Costa, G (Giuseppe), Chadeau-Hyam, M, Delpierre, C, Gandini, M, Fraga, S, Goldberg, M, Giles, GG, Lassale, C, Kenny, RA, Kelly-Irving, M, Paccaud, F, Layte, R, Muennig, P, Marmot, MG, Ribeiro, AI, Severi, G, Steptoe, A, Shipley, MJ, Zins, M, Mackenbach, Johan, Vineis, P, and Kivimaki, M
Published: 2018

13. Prevention of recurrent hip fracture

Author: Staeger, P., Burnand, B., Santos-Eggimann, B., Klay, M., Siffert, C., Livio, J., Burckhardt, P., Paccaud, F., Staeger, P., Burnand, B., Santos-Eggimann, B., Klay, M., Siffert, C., Livio, J., Burckhardt, P., and Paccaud, F.
Abstract: Our objective was to describe the interventions aimed at preventing a recurrent hip fracture, and other injurious falls, which were provided during hospitalization for a first hip fracture and during the two following years. A secondary objective was to study some potential determinants of these preventive interventions. The design of the study was an observational, two-year follow-up of patients hospitalized for a first hip fracture at the University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland. The participants were 163 patients (median age 82 years, 83% women) hospitalized in 1991 for a first hip fracture, among 263 consecutively admitted patients (84 did not meet inclusion criteria, e.g., age >50, no cancer, no high energy trauma, and 16 refused to participate). Preventive interventions included: medical investigations performed during the first hospitalization and aimed at revealing modifiable pathologies that raise the risk of injurious falls; use of medications acting on the risk of falls and fractures; preventive recommendations given by medical staff; suppression of environmental hazards; and use of home assistance services. The information was obtained from a baseline questionnaire, the medical record filled during the index hospitalization, and an interview conducted 2 years after the fracture. Potential predictors of the use of preventive interventions were: age; gender; destination after discharge from hospital; comorbidity; cognitive functioning; and activities of daily living. Bi- and multivariate associations between the preventive interventions and the potential predictors were measured. Inhospital investigations to rule out medical pathologies raising the risk of fracture were performed in only 20 patients (12%). Drugs raising the risk of falls were reduced in only 17 patients (16%). Preventive procedures not requiring active collaboration by the patient (e.g., modifications of the environment) were applied in 68 patients (42%), and home assistance was provid
Published: 2018

14. The genetics of blood pressure regulation and its target organs from association studies in 342,415 individuals

Author: Ehret, G.B. Ferreira, T. Chasman, D.I. Jackson, A.U. Schmidt, E.M. Johnson, T. Thorleifsson, G. Luan, J. Donnelly, L.A. Kanoni, S. Petersen, A.-K. Pihur, V. Strawbridge, R.J. Shungin, D. Hughes, M.F. Meirelles, O. Kaakinen, M. Bouatia-Naji, N. Kristiansson, K. Shah, S. Kleber, M.E. Guo, X. Lyytikäinen, L.-P. Fava, C. Eriksson, N. Nolte, I.M. Magnusson, P.K. Salfati, E.L. Rallidis, L.S. Theusch, E. Smith, A.J.P. Folkersen, L. Witkowska, K. Pers, T.H. Joehanes, R. Kim, S.K. Lataniotis, L. Jansen, R. Johnson, A.D. Warren, H. Kim, Y.J. Zhao, W. Wu, Y. Tayo, B.O. Bochud, M. Absher, D. Adair, L.S. Amin, N. Arking, D.E. Axelsson, T. Baldassarre, D. Balkau, B. Bandinelli, S. Barnes, M.R. Barroso, I. Bevan, S. Bis, J.C. Bjornsdottir, G. Boehnke, M. Boerwinkle, E. Bonnycastle, L.L. Boomsma, D.I. Bornstein, S.R. Brown, M.J. Burnier, M. Cabrera, C.P. Chambers, J.C. Chang, I.-S. Cheng, C.-Y. Chines, P.S. Chung, R.-H. Collins, F.S. Connell, J.M. Döring, A. Dallongeville, J. Danesh, J. De Faire, U. Delgado, G. Dominiczak, A.F. Doney, A.S.F. Drenos, F. Edkins, S. Eicher, J.D. Elosua, R. Enroth, S. Erdmann, J. Eriksson, P. Esko, T. Evangelou, E. Evans, A. Fall, T. Farrall, M. Felix, J.F. Ferrières, J. Ferrucci, L. Fornage, M. Forrester, T. Franceschini, N. Franco, O.H. Franco-Cereceda, A. Fraser, R.M. Ganesh, S.K. Gao, H. Gertow, K. Gianfagna, F. Gigante, B. Giulianini, F. Goel, A. Goodall, A.H. Goodarzi, M.O. Gorski, M. Gräßler, J. Groves, C.J. Gudnason, V. Gyllensten, U. Hallmans, G. Hartikainen, A.-L. Hassinen, M. Havulinna, A.S. Hayward, C. Hercberg, S. Herzig, K.-H. Hicks, A.A. Hingorani, A.D. Hirschhorn, J.N. Hofman, A. Holmen, J. Holmen, O.L. Hottenga, J.-J. Howard, P. Hsiung, C.A. Hunt, S.C. Ikram, M.A. Illig, T. Iribarren, C. Jensen, R.A. Kähönen, M. Kang, H.M. Kathiresan, S. Keating, B.J. Khaw, K.-T. Kim, Y.K. Kim, E. Kivimaki, M. Klopp, N. Kolovou, G. Komulainen, P. Kooner, J.S. Kosova, G. Krauss, R.M. Kuh, D. Kutalik, Z. Kuusisto, J. Kvaløy, K. Lakka, T.A. Lee, N.R. Lee, I.-T. Lee, W.-J. Levy, D. Li, X. Liang, K.-W. Lin, H. Lin, L. Lindström, J. Lobbens, S. Männistö, S. Müller, G. Müller-Nurasyid, M. Mach, F. Markus, H.S. Marouli, E. McCarthy, M.I. McKenzie, C.A. Meneton, P. Menni, C. Metspalu, A. Mijatovic, V. Moilanen, L. Montasser, M.E. Morris, A.D. Morrison, A.C. Mulas, A. Nagaraja, R. Narisu, N. Nikus, K. O'Donnell, C.J. O'Reilly, P.F. Ong, K.K. Paccaud, F. Palmer, C.D. Parsa, A. Pedersen, N.L. Penninx, B.W. Perola, M. Peters, A. Poulter, N. Pramstaller, P.P. Psaty, B.M. Quertermous, T. Rao, D.C. Rasheed, A. Rayner, N.W. Renström, F. Rettig, R. Rice, K.M. Roberts, R. Rose, L.M. Rossouw, J. Samani, N.J. Sanna, S. Saramies, J. Schunkert, H. Sebert, S. Sheu, W.H.-H. Shin, Y.-A. Sim, X. Smit, J.H. Smith, A.V. Sosa, M.X. Spector, T.D. Stančáková, A. Stanton, A.V. Stirrups, K.E. Stringham, H.M. Sundstrom, J. Swift, A.J. Syvänen, A.-C. Tai, E.-S. Tanaka, T. Tarasov, K.V. Teumer, A. Thorsteinsdottir, U. Tobin, M.D. Tremoli, E. Uitterlinden, A.G. Uusitupa, M. Vaez, A. Vaidya, D. Van Duijn, C.M. Van Iperen, E.P.A. Vasan, R.S. Verwoert, G.C. Virtamo, J. Vitart, V. Voight, B.F. Vollenweider, P. Wagner, A. Wain, L.V. Wareham, N.J. Watkins, H. Weder, A.B. Westra, H.-J. Wilks, R. Wilsgaard, T. Wilson, J.F. Wong, T.Y. Yang, T.-P. Yao, J. Yengo, L. Zhang, W. Zhao, J.H. Zhu, X. Bovet, P. Cooper, R.S. Mohlke, K.L. Saleheen, D. Lee, J.-Y. Elliott, P. Gierman, H.J. Willer, C.J. Franke, L. Hovingh, G.K. Taylor, K.D. Dedoussis, G. Sever, P. Wong, A. Lind, L. Assimes, T.L. Njølstad, I. Schwarz, P.E.H. Langenberg, C. Snieder, H. Caulfield, M.J. Melander, O. Laakso, M. Saltevo, J. Rauramaa, R. Tuomilehto, J. Ingelsson, E. Lehtimäki, T. Hveem, K. Palmas, W. März, W. Kumari, M. Salomaa, V. Chen, Y.-D.I. Rotter, J.I. Froguel, P. Jarvelin, M.-R. Lakatta, E.G. Kuulasmaa, K. Franks, P.W. Hamsten, A. Wichmann, H.-E. Palmer, C.N.A. Stefansson, K. Ridker, P.M. Loos, R.J.F. Chakravarti, A. Deloukas, P. Morris, A.P. Newton-Cheh, C. Munroe, P.B.
Abstract: To dissect the genetic architecture of blood pressure and assess effects on target organ damage, we analyzed 128,272 SNPs from targeted and genome-wide arrays in 201,529 individuals of European ancestry, and genotypes from an additional 140,886 individuals were used for validation. We identified 66 blood pressure-associated loci, of which 17 were new; 15 harbored multiple distinct association signals. The 66 index SNPs were enriched for cis-regulatory elements, particularly in vascular endothelial cells, consistent with a primary role in blood pressure control through modulation of vascular tone across multiple tissues. The 66 index SNPs combined in a risk score showed comparable effects in 64,421 individuals of non-European descent. The 66-SNP blood pressure risk score was significantly associated with target organ damage in multiple tissues but with minor effects in the kidney. Our findings expand current knowledge of blood pressure-related pathways and highlight tissues beyond the classical renal system in blood pressure regulation. © 2016 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
Published: 2016

15. Seasonality of sodium and potassium consumption in Switzerland. Data from three cross-sectional, population-based studies

Author: Marti-Soler, H., primary, Pommier, C., additional, Bochud, M., additional, Guessous, I., additional, Ponte, B., additional, Pruijm, M., additional, Ackermann, D., additional, Forni Ogna, V., additional, Paccaud, F., additional, Burnier, M., additional, Pechère-Bertschi, A., additional, Devuyst, O., additional, Marques-Vidal, P., additional, Binet, I., additional, Conen, D., additional, Erne, P., additional, Gabutti, L., additional, Gallino, A., additional, Hayoz, D., additional, Muggli, F., additional, and Suter, P.M., additional
Published: 2017
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16. Seasonality of sodium and potassium consumption in Switzerland. Data from three cross-sectional, population-based studies

Author: UCL - SSS/IREC/NEFR - Pôle de Néphrologie, Marti-Soler, H., Pommier, C., Bochud, M., Guessous, I., Ponte, B., Pruijm, M., Ackermann, D., Forni Ogna, V., Paccaud, F., Burnier, M., Pechère-Bertschi, A., Devuyst, O., Marques-Vidal, P., Binet, I., Conen, D., Erne, P., Gabutti, L., Gallino, A., Hayoz, D., Muggli, F., Suter, P.M., UCL - SSS/IREC/NEFR - Pôle de Néphrologie, Marti-Soler, H., Pommier, C., Bochud, M., Guessous, I., Ponte, B., Pruijm, M., Ackermann, D., Forni Ogna, V., Paccaud, F., Burnier, M., Pechère-Bertschi, A., Devuyst, O., Marques-Vidal, P., Binet, I., Conen, D., Erne, P., Gabutti, L., Gallino, A., Hayoz, D., Muggli, F., and Suter, P.M.
Abstract: Background and aim: Blood pressure displays a seasonal pattern. Whether this pattern is related to high sodium and/or low potassium intakes has not been investigated. We assessed if sodium and potassium consumption present a seasonal pattern. We also simulated the impact of seasonality of sodium consumption on systolic blood pressure levels. Methods and results: Data from three Swiss population-based studies (n = 2845). Sodium and potassium consumption were assessed by urinary excretion using 24 h urine collection. Seasonality was assessed using the cosinor model and was adjusted for study, gender, age, body mass index, antihypertensive drug treatment, urinary creatinine and atmospheric relative humidity. The effect of sodium variation on blood pressure levels was estimated using data from a recent meta-analysis. Both sodium and potassium excretions showed a seasonal pattern. For sodium, the nadir occurred between August and October, and the peak between February and April, with a multivariate-adjusted seasonal variation (difference between peak and nadir) of 9.2 mmol. For potassium, the nadir occurred in October and the peak in April, with a multivariate-adjusted seasonal variation of 4.0 mmol. Excluding participants on antihypertensive drug treatment or stratifying the analysis by gender cancelled the seasonality of sodium consumption. The maximum impact of the seasonal variation in sodium consumption on systolic blood pressure ranged from 0.4 to 1.1 mm Hg, depending on the model considered. Conclusion: Sodium and potassium consumptions present specific seasonal variations. These variations do not explain the seasonal variations in blood pressure levels.
Published: 2017

17. Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015:a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19.1 million participants

Author: Zhou, B. (Bin), Bentham, J. (James), Di Cesare, M. (Mariachiara), Bixby, H. (Honor), Danaei, G. (Goodarz), Cowan, M. J. (Melanie J.), Paciorek, C. J. (Christopher J.), Singh, G. (Gitanjali), Hajifathalian, K. (Kaveh), Bennett, J. E. (James E.), Taddei, C. (Cristina), Bilano, V. (Ver), Carrillo-Larco, R. M. (Rodrigo M.), Djalalinia, S. (Shirin), Khatibzadeh, S. (Shahab), Lugero, C. (Charles), Peykari, N. (Niloofar), Zhang, W. Z. (Wan Zhu), Lu, Y. (Yuan), Stevens, G. A. (Gretchen A.), Riley, L. M. (Leanne M.), Bovet, P. (Pascal), Elliott, P. (Paul), Gu, D. (Dongfeng), Ikeda, N. (Nayu), Jackson, R. T. (Rod T.), Joffres, M. (Michel), Kengne, A. P. (Andre Pascal), Laatikainen, T. (Tiina), Lam, T. H. (Tai Hing), Laxmaiah, A. (Avula), Liu, J. (Jing), Miranda, J. J. (J. Jaime), Mondo, C. K. (Charles K.), Neuhauser, H. K. (Hannelore K.), Sundstrom, J. (Johan), Smeeth, L. (Liam), Soric, M. (Maroje), Woodward, M. (Mark), Ezzati, M. (Majid), Abarca-Gomez, L. (Leandra), Abdeen, Z. A. (Ziad A.), Rahim, H. A. (Hanan Abdul), Abu-Rmeileh, N. M. (Niveen M.), Acosta-Cazares, B. (Benjamin), Adams, R. (Robert), Aekplakorn, W. (Wichai), Afsana, K. (Kaosar), Aguilar-Salinas, C. A. (Carlos A.), Agyemang, C. (Charles), Ahmadvand, A. (Alireza), Ahrens, W. (Wolfgang), Al Raddadi, R. (Rajaa), Al Woyatan, R. (Rihab), Ali, M. M. (Mohamed M.), Alkerwi, A. (Ala'a), Aly, E. (Eman), Amouyel, P. (Philippe), Amuzu, A. (Antoinette), Andersen, L. B. (Lars Bo), Anderssen, S. A. (Sigmund A.), Angquist, L. (Lars), Anjana, R. M. (Ranjit Mohan), Ansong, D. (Daniel), Aounallah-Skhiri, H. (Hajer), Araujo, J. (Joana), Ariansen, I. (Inger), Aris, T. (Tahir), Arlappa, N. (Nimmathota), Aryal, K. (Krishna), Arveiler, D. (Dominique), Assah, F. K. (Felix K.), Assuncao, M. C. (Maria Cecilia F.), Avdicova, M. (Maria), Azevedo, A. (Ana), Azizi, F. (Fereidoun), Babu, B. V. (Bontha V.), Bahijri, S. (Suhad), Balakrishna, N. (Nagalla), Bandosz, P. (Piotr), Banegas, J. R. (Jose R.), Barbagallo, C. M. (Carlo M.), Barcelo, A. (Alberto), Barkat, A. (Amina), Barros, A. J. (Aluisio J. D.), Barros, M. V. (Mauro V.), Bata, I. (Iqbal), Batieha, A. M. (Anwar M.), Baur, L. A. (Louise A.), Beaglehole, R. (Robert), Ben Romdhane, H. (Habiba), Benet, M. (Mikhail), Benson, L. S. (Lowell S.), Bernabe-Ortiz, A. (Antonio), Bernotiene, G. (Gailute), Bettiol, H. (Heloisa), Bhagyalaxmi, A. (Aroor), Bharadwaj, S. (Sumit), Bhargava, S. K. (Santosh K.), Bi, Y. (Yufang), Bikbov, M. (Mukharram), Bjerregaard, P. (Peter), Bjertness, E. (Espen), Bjokelund, C. (Cecilia), Blokstra, A. (Anneke), Bo, S. (Simona), Bobak, M. (Martin), Boeing, H. (Heiner), Boggia, J. G. (Jose G.), Boissonnet, C. P. (Carlos P.), Bongard, V. (Vanina), Braeckman, L. (Lutgart), Brajkovich, I. (Imperia), Branca, F. (Francesco), Breckenkamp, J. (Juergen), Brenner, H. (Hermann), Brewster, L. M. (Lizzy M.), Bruno, G. (Graziella), Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B. (H. B. (as)), Bugge, A. (Anna), Burns, C. (Con), Bursztyn, M. (Michael), de Leon, A. C. (Antonio Cabrera), Cameron, C. (Christine), Can, G. (Gunay), Candido, A. P. (Ana Paula C.), Capuano, V. (Vincenzo), Cardoso, V. C. (Viviane C.), Carlsson, A. C. (Axel C.), Carvalho, M. J. (Maria J.), Casanueva, F. F. (Felipe F.), Casas, J.-P. (Juan-Pablo), Caserta, C. A. (Carmelo A.), Chamukuttan, S. (Snehalatha), Chan, A. W. (Angelique W.), Chan, Q. (Queenie), Chaturvedi, H. K. (Himanshu K.), Chaturvedi, N. (Nishi), Chen, C.-J. (Chien-Jen), Chen, F. (Fangfang), Chen, H. (Huashuai), Chen, S. (Shuohua), Chen, Z. (Zhengming), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Dekkaki, I. C. (Imane Cherkaoui), Chetrit, A. (Angela), Chiolero, A. (Arnaud), Chiou, S.-T. (Shu-Ti), Chirita-Emandi, A. (Adela), Cho, B. (Belong), Cho, Y. (Yumi), Chudek, J. (Jerzy), Cifkova, R. (Renata), Claessens, F. (Frank), Clays, E. (Els), Concin, H. (Hans), Cooper, C. (Cyrus), Cooper, R. (Rachel), Coppinger, T. C. (Tara C.), Costanzo, S. (Simona), Cottel, D. (Dominique), Cowell, C. (Chris), Craig, C. L. (Cora L.), Crujeiras, A. B. (Ana B.), Cruz, J. J. (Juan J.), D'Arrigo, G. (Graziella), d'Orsi, E. (Eleonora), Dallongeville, J. (Jean), Damasceno, A. (Albertino), Dankner, R. (Rachel), Dantoft, T. M. (Thomas M.), Dauchet, L. (Luc), De Backer, G. (Guy), de Gaetano, G. (Giovanni), De Henauw, S. (Stefaan), De Smedt, D. (Delphine), Deepa, M. (Mohan), Dehghan, A. (Abbas), Delisle, H. (Helene), Deschamps, V. (Valerie), Dhana, K. (Klodian), Di Castelnuovo, A. F. (Augusto F.), Dias-da-Costa, J. S. (Juvenal Soares), Diaz, A. (Alejandro), Dickerson, T. T. (Ty T.), Do, H. T. (Ha T. P.), Dobson, A. J. (Annette J.), Donfrancesco, C. (Chiara), Donoso, S. P. (Silvana P.), Doering, A. (Angela), Doua, K. (Kouamelan), Drygas, W. (Wojciech), Dulskiene, V. (Virginija), Dzakula, A. (Aleksandar), Dzerve, V. (Vilnis), Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E. (Elzbieta), Eggertsen, R. (Robert), Ekelund, U. (Ulf), El Ati, J. (Jalila), Ellert, U. (Ute), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Erasmus, R. T. (Rajiv T.), Erem, C. (Cihangir), Eriksen, L. (Louise), Escobedo-de la Pena, J. (Jorge), Evans, A. (Alun), Faeh, D. (David), Fall, C. H. (Caroline H.), Farzadfar, F. (Farshad), Felix-Redondo, F. J. (Francisco J.), Ferguson, T. S. (Trevor S.), Fernandez-Berges, D. (Daniel), Ferrante, D. (Daniel), Ferrari, M. (Marika), Ferreccio, C. (Catterina), Ferrieres, J. (Jean), Finn, J. D. (Joseph D.), Fischer, K. (Krista), Foeger, B. (Bernhard), Foo, L. H. (Leng Huat), Forslund, A.-S. (Ann-Sofie), Forsner, M. (Maria), Fortmann, S. P. (Stephen P.), Fouad, H. M. (Heba M.), Francis, D. K. (Damian K.), Franco, M. d. (Maria do Carmo), Franco, O. H. (Oscar H.), Frontera, G. (Guillermo), Fuchs, F. D. (Flavio D.), Fuchs, S. C. (Sandra C.), Fujita, Y. (Yuki), Furusawa, T. (Takuro), Gaciong, Z. (Zbigniew), Gareta, D. (Dickman), Garnett, S. P. (Sarah P.), Gaspoz, J.-M. (Jean-Michel), Gasull, M. (Magda), Gates, L. (Louise), Gavrila, D. (Diana), Geleijnse, J. M. (Johanna M.), Ghasemian, A. (Anoosheh), Ghimire, A. (Anup), Giampaoli, S. (Simona), Gianfagna, F. (Francesco), Giovannelli, J. (Jonathan), Goldsmith, R. A. (Rebecca A.), Goncalves, H. (Helen), Gonzalez Gross, M. (Marcela), Gonzalez Rivas, J. P. (Juan P.), Gottrand, F. (Frederic), Graff-Iversen, S. (Sidsel), Grafnetter, D. (Dusan), Grajda, A. (Aneta), Gregor, R. D. (Ronald D.), Grodzicki, T. (Tomasz), Grontved, A. (Anders), Gruden, G. (Grabriella), Grujic, V. (Vera), Guan, O. P. (Ong Peng), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Guerrero, R. (Ramiro), Guessous, I. (Idris), Guimaraes, A. L. (Andre L.), Gulliford, M. C. (Martin C.), Gunnlaugsdottir, J. (Johanna), Gunter, M. (Marc), Gupta, P. C. (Prakash C.), Gureje, O. (Oye), Gurzkowska, B. (Beata), Gutierrez, L. (Laura), Gutzwiller, F. (Felix), Hadaegh, F. (Farzad), Halkjaer, J. (Jytte), Hambleton, I. R. (Ian R.), Hardy, R. (Rebecca), Harikumar, R. (Rachakulla), Hata, J. (Jun), Hayes, A. J. (Alison J.), He, J. (Jiang), Hendriks, M. E. (Marleen Elisabeth), Henriques, A. (Ana), Hernandez Cadena, L. (Leticia), . (), Herrala, S. (Sauli), Heshmat, R. (Ramin), Hihtaniemi, I. T. (Ilpo Tapani), Ho, S. Y. (Sai Yin), Ho, S. C. (Suzanne C.), Hobbs, M. (Michael), Hofman, A. (Albert), Dinc, G. H. (Gonul Horasan), Hormiga, C. M. (Claudia M.), Horta, B. L. (Bernardo L.), Houti, L. (Leila), Howitt, C. (Christina), Htay, T. T. (Thein Thein), Htet, A. S. (Aung Soe), Hu, Y. (Yonghua), Maria Huerta, J. (Jose), Husseini, A. S. (Abdullatif S.), Huybrechts, I. (Inge), Hwalla, N. (Nahla), Iacoviello, L. (Licia), Iannone, A. G. (Anna G.), Ibrahim, M. M. (M. Mohsen), Ikram, M. A. (M. Arfan), Irazola, V. E. (Vilma E.), Islam, M. (Muhammad), Ivkovic, V. (Vanja), Iwasaki, M. (Masanori), Jacobs, J. M. (Jeremy M.), Jafar, T. (Tazeen), Jamrozik, K. (Konrad), Janszky, I. (Imre), Jasienska, G. (Grazyna), Jelakovic, B. (Bojan), Jiang, C. Q. (Chao Qiang), Johansson, M. (Mattias), Jonas, J. B. (Jost B.), Jorgensen, T. (Torben), Joshi, P. (Pradeep), Juolevi, A. (Anne), Jurak, G. (Gregor), Juresa, V. (Vesna), Kaaks, R. (Rudolf), Kafatos, A. (Anthony), Kalter-Leibovici, O. (Ofra), Kamaruddin, N. A. (Nor Azmi), Kasaeian, A. (Amir), Katz, J. (Joanne), Kauhanen, J. (Jussi), Kaur, P. (Prabhdeep), Kavousi, M. (Maryam), Kazakbaeva, G. (Gyulli), Keil, U. (Ulrich), Boker, L. K. (Lital Keinan), Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Kelishadi, R. (Roya), Kemper, H. C. (Han C. G.), Kersting, M. (Mathilde), Key, T. (Timothy), Khader, Y. S. (Yousef Saleh), Khalili, D. (Davood), Khang, Y.-H. (Young-Ho), Khaw, K.-T. (Kay-Tee), Kiechl, S. (Stefan), Killewo, J. (Japhet), Kim, J. (Jeongseon), Klumbiene, J. (Jurate), Kolle, E. (Elin), Kolsteren, P. (Patrick), Korrovits, P. (Paul), Koskinen, S. (Seppo), Kouda, K. (Katsuyasu), Koziel, S. (Slawomir), Kristensen, P. L. (Peter Lund), Krokstad, S. (Steinar), Kromhout, D. (Daan), Kruger, H. S. (Herculina S.), Kubinova, R. (Ruzena), Kuciene, R. (Renata), Kuh, D. (Diana), Kujala, U. M. (Urho M.), Kula, K. (Krzysztof), Kulaga, Z. (Zbigniew), Kumar, R. K. (R. Krishna), Kurjata, P. (Pawel), Kusuma, Y. S. (Yadlapalli S.), Kuulasmaa, K. (Kari), Kyobutungi, C. (Catherine), Lachat, C. (Carl), Landrove, O. (Orlando), Lanska, V. (Vera), Lappas, G. (Georg), Larijani, B. (Bagher), Laugsand, L. E. (Lars E.), Le, T. D. (Tuyen D.), Leclercq, C. (Catherine), Lee, J. (Jeannette), Lee, J. (Jeonghee), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Lekhraj, R. (Rampal), Leon-Munoz, L. M. (Luz M.), Levitt, N. S. (Naomi S.), Li, Y. (Yanping), Lilly, C. L. (Christa L.), Lim, W.-Y. (Wei-Yen), Fernanda Lima-Costa, M. (M.), Lin, H.-H. (Hsien-Ho), Lin, X. (Xu), Linneberg, A. (Allan), Lissner, L. (Lauren), Litwin, M. (Mieczyslaw), Lorbeer, R. (Roberto), Lotufo, P. A. (Paulo A.), Eugenio Lozano, J. (Jose), Luksiene, D. (Dalia), Lundqvist, A. (Annamari), Lunet, N. (Nuno), Lytsy, P. (Per), Ma, G. (Guansheng), Ma, J. (Jun), Machado-Coelho, G. L. (George L. L.), Machi, S. (Suka), Maggi, S. (Stefania), Magliano, D. J. (Dianna J.), Majer, M. (Marjeta), Makdisse, M. (Marcia), Malekzadeh, R. (Reza), Malhotra, R. (Rahul), Rao, K. M. (Kodavanti Mallikharjuna), Malyutina, S. (Sofia), Manios, Y. (Yannis), Mann, J. I. (Jim I.), Manzato, E. (Enzo), Margozzini, P. (Paula), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Marrugat, J. (Jaume), Martorell, R. (Reynaldo), Mathiesen, E. B. (Ellisiv B.), Matijasevich, A. (Alicia), Matsha, T. E. (Tandi E.), Mbanya, J. C. (Jean Claude N.), Posso, A. J. (Anselmo J. Mc Donald), McFarlane, S. R. (Shelly R.), McGarvey, S. T. (Stephen T.), McLachlan, S. (Stela), McLean, R. M. (Rachael M.), McNulty, B. A. (Breige A.), Khir, A. S. (Amir Sharifuddin Md), Mediene-Benchekor, S. (Sounnia), Medzioniene, J. (Jurate), Meirhaeghe, A. (Aline), Meisinger, C. (Christa), Menezes, A. M. (Ana Maria B.), Menon, G. R. (Geetha R.), Meshram, I. I. (Indrapal I.), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Mi, J. (Jie), Mikkel, K. (Kairit), Miller, J. C. (Jody C.), Francisco Miquel, J. (Juan), Jaime Miranda, J. (J.), Misigoj-Durakovic, M. (Marjeta), Mohamed, M. K. (Mostafa K.), Mohammad, K. (Kazem), Mohammadifard, N. (Noushin), Mohan, V. (Viswanathan), Yusoff, M. F. (Muhammad Fadhli Mohd), Moller, N. C. (Niels C.), Molnar, D. (Denes), Momenan, A. (Amirabbas), Monyeki, K. D. (Kotsedi Daniel K.), Moreira, L. B. (Leila B.), Morejon, A. (Alain), Moreno, L. A. (Luis A.), Morgan, K. (Karen), Moschonis, G. (George), Mossakowska, M. (Malgorzata), Mostafa, A. (Aya), Mota, J. (Jorge), Motlagh, M. E. (Mohammad Esmaeel), Motta, J. (Jorge), Muiesan, M. L. (Maria L.), Mueller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Murphy, N. (Neil), Mursu, J. (Jaakko), Musil, V. (Vera), Nagel, G. (Gabriele), Naidu, B. M. (Balkish M.), Nakamura, H. (Harunobu), Namsna, J. (Jana), Nang, E. E. (Ei Ei K.), Nangia, V. B. (Vinay B.), Narake, S. (Sameer), Maria Navarrete-Munoz, E. (Eva), Ndiaye, N. C. (Ndeye Coumba), Neal, W. A. (William A.), Nenko, I. (Ilona), Nervi, F. (Flavio), Nguyen, N. D. (Nguyen D.), Nieto-Martinez, R. E. (Ramfis E.), Niiranen, T. J. (Teemu J.), Ning, G. (Guang), Ninomiya, T. (Toshiharu), Nishtar, S. (Sania), Noale, M. (Marianna), Noboa, O. A. (Oscar A.), Noorbala, A. A. (Ahmad Ali), Norat, T. (Teresa), Noto, D. (Davide), Al Nsour, M. (Mohannad), O'Reilly, D. (Dermot), Oh, K. (Kyungwon), Olinto, M. T. (Maria Teresa A.), Oliveira, I. O. (Isabel O.), Omar, M. A. (Mohd Azahadi), Onat, A. (Altan), Ordunez, P. (Pedro), Osmond, C. (Clive), Ostojic, S. M. (Sergej M.), Otero, J. A. (Johanna A.), Overvad, K. (Kim), Owusu-Dabo, E. (Ellis), Paccaud, F. M. (Fred Michel), Padez, C. (Cristina), Pahomova, E. (Elena), Pajak, A. (Andrzej), Palli, D. (Domenico), Palmieri, L. (Luigi), Panda-Jonas, S. (Songhomitra), Panza, F. (Francesco), Papandreou, D. (Dimitrios), Parnell, W. R. (Winsome R.), Parsaeian, M. (Mahboubeh), Pecin, I. (Ivan), Pednekar, M. S. (Mangesh S.), Peer, N. (Nasheeta), Peeters, P. H. (Petra H.), Peixoto, S. V. (Sergio Viana), Pelletier, C. (Catherine), Peltonen, M. (Markku), Pereira, A. C. (Alexandre C.), Marina Perez, R. (Rosa), Peters, A. (Annette), Petkeviciene, J. (Janina), Pigeot, I. (Iris), Pikhart, H. (Hynek), Pilav, A. (Aida), Pilotto, L. (Lorenza), Pitakaka, F. (Freda), Plans-Rubio, P. (Pedro), Polakowska, M. (Maria), Polasek, O. (Ozren), Porta, M. (Miquel), Portegies, M. L. (Marileen L. P.), Pourshams, A. (Akram), Pradeepa, R. (Rajendra), Prashant, M. (Mathur), Price, J. F. (Jacqueline F.), Puiu, M. (Maria), Punab, M. (Margus), Qasrawi, R. F. (Radwan F.), Qorbani, M. (Mostafa), Radic, I. (Ivana), Radisauskas, R. (Ricardas), Rahman, M. (Mahfuzar), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Raj, M. (Manu), Rao, S. R. (Sudha Ramachandra), Ramos, E. (Elisabete), Rampal, S. (Sanjay), Rangel Reina, D. A. (Daniel A.), Rasmussen, F. (Finn), Redon, J. (Josep), Reganit, P. F. (Paul Ferdinand M.), Ribeiro, R. (Robespierre), Riboli, E. (Elio), Rigo, F. (Fernando), de Wit, T. F. (Tobias F. Rinke), Ritti-Dias, R. M. (Raphael M.), Robinson, S. M. (Sian M.), Robitaille, C. (Cynthia), Rodriguez-Artalejo, F. (Fernando), Rodriguez-Villamizar, L. A. (Laura A.), Rojas-Martinez, R. (Rosalba), Rosengren, A. (Annika), Rubinstein, A. (Adolfo), Rui, O. (Ornelas), Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt, B. (Blanca), Russo Horimoto, A. R. (Andrea R. V.), Rutkowski, M. (Marcin), Sabanayagam, C. (Charumathi), Sachdev, H. S. (Harshpal S.), Saidi, O. (Olfa), Sakarya, S. (Sibel), Salanave, B. (Benoit), Salazar Martinez, E. (Eduardo), Salmeron, D. (Diego), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Salonen, J. T. (Jukka T.), Salvetti, M. (Massimo), Sanchez-Abanto, J. (Jose), Sans, S. (Susana), Santos, D. (Diana), Santos, I. S. (Ina S.), dos Santos, R. N. (Renata Nunes), Santos, R. (Rute), Saramies, J. L. (Jouko L.), Sardinha, L. B. (Luis B.), Margolis, G. S. (Giselle Sarganas), Sarrafzadegan, N. (Nizal), Saum, K.-U. (Kai-Uwe), Savva, S. C. (Savvas C.), Scazufca, M. (Marcia), Schargrodsky, H. (Herman), Schneider, I. J. (Ione J.), Schultsz, C. (Constance), Schutte, A. E. (Aletta E.), Sen, A. (Abhijit), Senbanjo, I. O. (Idowu O.), Sepanlou, S. G. (Sadaf G.), Sharma, S. K. (Sanjib K.), Shaw, J. E. (Jonathan E.), Shibuya, K. (Kenji), Shin, D. W. (Dong Wook), Shin, Y. (Youchan), Siantar, R. (Rosalynn), Sibai, A. M. (Abla M.), Santos Silva, D. A. (Diego Augusto), Simon, M. (Mary), Simons, J. (Judith), Simons, L. A. (Leon A.), Sjotrom, M. (Michael), Skovbjerg, S. (Sine), Slowikowska-Hilczer, J. (Jolanta), Slusarczyk, P. (Przemyslaw), Smith, M. C. (Margaret C.), Snijder, M. B. (Marieke B.), So, H.-K. (Hung-Kwan), Sobngwi, E. (Eugene), Soderberg, S. (Stefan), Solfrizzi, V. (Vincenzo), Sonestedt, E. (Emily), Song, Y. (Yi), Sorensen, T. I. (Thorkild I. A.), Jerome, C. S. (Charles Sossa), Soumare, A. (Aicha), Staessen, J. A. (Jan A.), Starc, G. (Gregor), Stathopoulou, M. G. (Maria G.), Stavreski, B. (Bill), Steene-Johannessen, J. (Jostein), Stehle, P. (Peter), Stein, A. D. (Aryeh D.), Stergiou, G. S. (George S.), Stessman, J. (Jochanan), Stieber, J. (Jutta), Stoeckl, D. (Doris), Stocks, T. (Tanja), Stokwiszewski, J. (Jakub), Stronks, K. (Karien), Strufaldi, M. W. (Maria Wany), Sun, C.-A. (Chien-An), Sung, Y.-T. (Yn-Tz), Suriyawongpaisal, P. (Paibul), Sy, R. G. (Rody G.), Tai, E. S. (E. Shyong), Tammesoo, M.-L. (Mari-Liis), Tamosiunas, A. (Abdonas), Tang, L. (Line), Tang, X. (Xun), Tanser, F. (Frank), Tao, Y. (Yong), Tarawneh, M. R. (Mohammed Rasoul), Tarqui-Mamani, C. B. (Carolina B.), Taylor, A. (Anne), Theobald, H. (Holger), Thijs, L. (Lutgarde), Thuesen, B. H. (Betina H.), Tjonneland, A. (Anne), Tolonen, H. K. (Hanna K.), Topbas, M. (Murat), Topor-Madry, R. (Roman), Jose Tormo, M. (Maria), Torrent, M. (Maties), Traissac, P. (Pierre), Trichopoulos, D. (Dimitrios), Trichopoulou, A. (Antonia), Trinh, O. T. (Oanh T. H.), Trivedi, A. (Atul), Tshepo, L. (Lechaba), Tulloch-Reid, M. K. (Marshall K.), Tuomainen, T.-P. (Tomi-Pekka), Turley, M. L. (Maria L.), Tynelius, P. (Per), Tzourio, C. (Christophe), Ueda, P. (Peter), Ugel, E. (Eunice), Ulmer, H. (Hanno), Uusitalo, H. M. (Hannu M. T.), Valdivia, G. (Gonzalo), Valvi, D. (Damaskini), van der Schouw, Y. T. (Yvonne T.), Van Herck, K. (Koen), van Rossem, L. (Lenie), van Valkengoed, I. G. (Irene G. M.), Vanderschueren, D. (Dirk), Vanuzzo, D. (Diego), Vatten, L. (Lars), Vega, T. (Tomas), Velasquez-Melendez, G. (Gustavo), Veronesi, G. (Giovanni), Verschuren, W. M. (W. M. Monique), Verstraeten, R. (Roosmarijn), Victora, C. G. (Cesar G.), Viet, L. (Lucie), Viikari-Juntura, E. (Eira), Vineis, P. (Paolo), Vioque, J. (Jesus), Virtanen, J. K. (Jyrki K.), Visvikis-Siest, S. (Sophie), Viswanathan, B. (Bharathi), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Vrdoljak, A. (Ana), Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Wade, A. N. (Alisha N.), Wagner, A. (Aline), Walton, J. (Janette), Mohamud, W. N. (Wan Nazaimoon Wan), Wang, M.-D. (Ming-Dong), Wang, Q. (Qian), Wang, Y. X. (Ya Xing), Wannamethee, S. G. (S. Goya), Wareham, N. (Nicholas), Wederkopp, N. (Niels), Weerasekera, D. (Deepa), Whincup, P. H. (Peter H.), Widhalm, K. (Kurt), Widyahening, I. S. (Indah S.), Wiecek, A. (Andrzej), Wijga, A. H. (Alet H.), Wilks, R. J. (Rainford J.), Willeit, P. (Peter), Williams, E. A. (Emmanuel A.), Wilsgaard, T. (Tom), Wojtyniak, B. (Bogdan), Wong, T. Y. (Tien Yin), Wong-McClure, R. A. (Roy A.), Woo, J. (Jean), Wu, A. G. (Aleksander Giwercman), Wu, F. C. (Frederick C.), Wu, S. L. (Shou Ling), Xu, H. (Haiquan), Yan, W. (Weili), Yang, X. (Xiaoguang), Ye, X. (Xingwang), Yiallouros, P. K. (Panayiotis K.), Yoshihara, A. (Akihiro), Younger-Coleman, N. O. (Novie O.), Yusoff, A. F. (Ahmad F.), Zambon, S. (Sabina), Zdrojewski, T. (Tomasz), Zeng, Y. (Yi), Zhao, D. (Dong), Zhao, W. (Wenhua), Zheng, Y. (Yingffeng), Zhu, D. (Dan), Zimmermann, E. (Esther), Zuniga Cisneros, J. (Julio), Zhou, B. (Bin), Bentham, J. (James), Di Cesare, M. (Mariachiara), Bixby, H. (Honor), Danaei, G. (Goodarz), Cowan, M. J. (Melanie J.), Paciorek, C. J. (Christopher J.), Singh, G. (Gitanjali), Hajifathalian, K. (Kaveh), Bennett, J. E. (James E.), Taddei, C. (Cristina), Bilano, V. (Ver), Carrillo-Larco, R. M. (Rodrigo M.), Djalalinia, S. (Shirin), Khatibzadeh, S. (Shahab), Lugero, C. (Charles), Peykari, N. (Niloofar), Zhang, W. Z. (Wan Zhu), Lu, Y. (Yuan), Stevens, G. A. (Gretchen A.), Riley, L. M. (Leanne M.), Bovet, P. (Pascal), Elliott, P. (Paul), Gu, D. (Dongfeng), Ikeda, N. (Nayu), Jackson, R. T. (Rod T.), Joffres, M. (Michel), Kengne, A. P. (Andre Pascal), Laatikainen, T. (Tiina), Lam, T. H. (Tai Hing), Laxmaiah, A. (Avula), Liu, J. (Jing), Miranda, J. J. (J. Jaime), Mondo, C. K. (Charles K.), Neuhauser, H. K. (Hannelore K.), Sundstrom, J. (Johan), Smeeth, L. (Liam), Soric, M. (Maroje), Woodward, M. (Mark), Ezzati, M. (Majid), Abarca-Gomez, L. (Leandra), Abdeen, Z. A. (Ziad A.), Rahim, H. A. (Hanan Abdul), Abu-Rmeileh, N. M. (Niveen M.), Acosta-Cazares, B. (Benjamin), Adams, R. (Robert), Aekplakorn, W. (Wichai), Afsana, K. (Kaosar), Aguilar-Salinas, C. A. (Carlos A.), Agyemang, C. (Charles), Ahmadvand, A. (Alireza), Ahrens, W. (Wolfgang), Al Raddadi, R. (Rajaa), Al Woyatan, R. (Rihab), Ali, M. M. (Mohamed M.), Alkerwi, A. (Ala'a), Aly, E. (Eman), Amouyel, P. (Philippe), Amuzu, A. (Antoinette), Andersen, L. B. (Lars Bo), Anderssen, S. A. (Sigmund A.), Angquist, L. (Lars), Anjana, R. M. (Ranjit Mohan), Ansong, D. (Daniel), Aounallah-Skhiri, H. (Hajer), Araujo, J. (Joana), Ariansen, I. (Inger), Aris, T. (Tahir), Arlappa, N. (Nimmathota), Aryal, K. (Krishna), Arveiler, D. (Dominique), Assah, F. K. (Felix K.), Assuncao, M. C. (Maria Cecilia F.), Avdicova, M. (Maria), Azevedo, A. (Ana), Azizi, F. (Fereidoun), Babu, B. V. (Bontha V.), Bahijri, S. (Suhad), Balakrishna, N. (Nagalla), Bandosz, P. (Piotr), Banegas, J. R. (Jose R.), Barbagallo, C. M. (Carlo M.), Barcelo, A. (Alberto), Barkat, A. (Amina), Barros, A. J. (Aluisio J. D.), Barros, M. V. (Mauro V.), Bata, I. (Iqbal), Batieha, A. M. (Anwar M.), Baur, L. A. (Louise A.), Beaglehole, R. (Robert), Ben Romdhane, H. (Habiba), Benet, M. (Mikhail), Benson, L. S. (Lowell S.), Bernabe-Ortiz, A. (Antonio), Bernotiene, G. (Gailute), Bettiol, H. (Heloisa), Bhagyalaxmi, A. (Aroor), Bharadwaj, S. (Sumit), Bhargava, S. K. (Santosh K.), Bi, Y. (Yufang), Bikbov, M. (Mukharram), Bjerregaard, P. (Peter), Bjertness, E. (Espen), Bjokelund, C. (Cecilia), Blokstra, A. (Anneke), Bo, S. (Simona), Bobak, M. (Martin), Boeing, H. (Heiner), Boggia, J. G. (Jose G.), Boissonnet, C. P. (Carlos P.), Bongard, V. (Vanina), Braeckman, L. (Lutgart), Brajkovich, I. (Imperia), Branca, F. (Francesco), Breckenkamp, J. (Juergen), Brenner, H. (Hermann), Brewster, L. M. (Lizzy M.), Bruno, G. (Graziella), Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B. (H. B. (as)), Bugge, A. (Anna), Burns, C. (Con), Bursztyn, M. (Michael), de Leon, A. C. (Antonio Cabrera), Cameron, C. (Christine), Can, G. (Gunay), Candido, A. P. (Ana Paula C.), Capuano, V. (Vincenzo), Cardoso, V. C. (Viviane C.), Carlsson, A. C. (Axel C.), Carvalho, M. J. (Maria J.), Casanueva, F. F. (Felipe F.), Casas, J.-P. (Juan-Pablo), Caserta, C. A. (Carmelo A.), Chamukuttan, S. (Snehalatha), Chan, A. W. (Angelique W.), Chan, Q. (Queenie), Chaturvedi, H. K. (Himanshu K.), Chaturvedi, N. (Nishi), Chen, C.-J. (Chien-Jen), Chen, F. (Fangfang), Chen, H. (Huashuai), Chen, S. (Shuohua), Chen, Z. (Zhengming), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Dekkaki, I. C. (Imane Cherkaoui), Chetrit, A. (Angela), Chiolero, A. (Arnaud), Chiou, S.-T. (Shu-Ti), Chirita-Emandi, A. (Adela), Cho, B. (Belong), Cho, Y. (Yumi), Chudek, J. (Jerzy), Cifkova, R. (Renata), Claessens, F. (Frank), Clays, E. (Els), Concin, H. (Hans), Cooper, C. (Cyrus), Cooper, R. (Rachel), Coppinger, T. C. (Tara C.), Costanzo, S. (Simona), Cottel, D. (Dominique), Cowell, C. (Chris), Craig, C. L. (Cora L.), Crujeiras, A. B. (Ana B.), Cruz, J. J. (Juan J.), D'Arrigo, G. (Graziella), d'Orsi, E. (Eleonora), Dallongeville, J. (Jean), Damasceno, A. (Albertino), Dankner, R. (Rachel), Dantoft, T. M. (Thomas M.), Dauchet, L. (Luc), De Backer, G. (Guy), de Gaetano, G. (Giovanni), De Henauw, S. (Stefaan), De Smedt, D. (Delphine), Deepa, M. (Mohan), Dehghan, A. (Abbas), Delisle, H. (Helene), Deschamps, V. (Valerie), Dhana, K. (Klodian), Di Castelnuovo, A. F. (Augusto F.), Dias-da-Costa, J. S. (Juvenal Soares), Diaz, A. (Alejandro), Dickerson, T. T. (Ty T.), Do, H. T. (Ha T. P.), Dobson, A. J. (Annette J.), Donfrancesco, C. (Chiara), Donoso, S. P. (Silvana P.), Doering, A. (Angela), Doua, K. (Kouamelan), Drygas, W. (Wojciech), Dulskiene, V. (Virginija), Dzakula, A. (Aleksandar), Dzerve, V. (Vilnis), Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E. (Elzbieta), Eggertsen, R. (Robert), Ekelund, U. (Ulf), El Ati, J. (Jalila), Ellert, U. (Ute), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Erasmus, R. T. (Rajiv T.), Erem, C. (Cihangir), Eriksen, L. (Louise), Escobedo-de la Pena, J. (Jorge), Evans, A. (Alun), Faeh, D. (David), Fall, C. H. (Caroline H.), Farzadfar, F. (Farshad), Felix-Redondo, F. J. (Francisco J.), Ferguson, T. S. (Trevor S.), Fernandez-Berges, D. (Daniel), Ferrante, D. (Daniel), Ferrari, M. (Marika), Ferreccio, C. (Catterina), Ferrieres, J. (Jean), Finn, J. D. (Joseph D.), Fischer, K. (Krista), Foeger, B. (Bernhard), Foo, L. H. (Leng Huat), Forslund, A.-S. (Ann-Sofie), Forsner, M. (Maria), Fortmann, S. P. (Stephen P.), Fouad, H. M. (Heba M.), Francis, D. K. (Damian K.), Franco, M. d. (Maria do Carmo), Franco, O. H. (Oscar H.), Frontera, G. (Guillermo), Fuchs, F. D. (Flavio D.), Fuchs, S. C. (Sandra C.), Fujita, Y. (Yuki), Furusawa, T. (Takuro), Gaciong, Z. (Zbigniew), Gareta, D. (Dickman), Garnett, S. P. (Sarah P.), Gaspoz, J.-M. (Jean-Michel), Gasull, M. (Magda), Gates, L. (Louise), Gavrila, D. (Diana), Geleijnse, J. M. (Johanna M.), Ghasemian, A. (Anoosheh), Ghimire, A. (Anup), Giampaoli, S. (Simona), Gianfagna, F. (Francesco), Giovannelli, J. (Jonathan), Goldsmith, R. A. (Rebecca A.), Goncalves, H. (Helen), Gonzalez Gross, M. (Marcela), Gonzalez Rivas, J. P. (Juan P.), Gottrand, F. (Frederic), Graff-Iversen, S. (Sidsel), Grafnetter, D. (Dusan), Grajda, A. (Aneta), Gregor, R. D. (Ronald D.), Grodzicki, T. (Tomasz), Grontved, A. (Anders), Gruden, G. (Grabriella), Grujic, V. (Vera), Guan, O. P. (Ong Peng), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Guerrero, R. (Ramiro), Guessous, I. (Idris), Guimaraes, A. L. (Andre L.), Gulliford, M. C. (Martin C.), Gunnlaugsdottir, J. (Johanna), Gunter, M. (Marc), Gupta, P. C. (Prakash C.), Gureje, O. (Oye), Gurzkowska, B. (Beata), Gutierrez, L. (Laura), Gutzwiller, F. (Felix), Hadaegh, F. (Farzad), Halkjaer, J. (Jytte), Hambleton, I. R. (Ian R.), Hardy, R. (Rebecca), Harikumar, R. (Rachakulla), Hata, J. (Jun), Hayes, A. J. (Alison J.), He, J. (Jiang), Hendriks, M. E. (Marleen Elisabeth), Henriques, A. (Ana), Hernandez Cadena, L. (Leticia), . (), Herrala, S. (Sauli), Heshmat, R. (Ramin), Hihtaniemi, I. T. (Ilpo Tapani), Ho, S. Y. (Sai Yin), Ho, S. C. (Suzanne C.), Hobbs, M. (Michael), Hofman, A. (Albert), Dinc, G. H. (Gonul Horasan), Hormiga, C. M. (Claudia M.), Horta, B. L. (Bernardo L.), Houti, L. (Leila), Howitt, C. (Christina), Htay, T. T. (Thein Thein), Htet, A. S. (Aung Soe), Hu, Y. (Yonghua), Maria Huerta, J. (Jose), Husseini, A. S. (Abdullatif S.), Huybrechts, I. (Inge), Hwalla, N. (Nahla), Iacoviello, L. (Licia), Iannone, A. G. (Anna G.), Ibrahim, M. M. (M. Mohsen), Ikram, M. A. (M. Arfan), Irazola, V. E. (Vilma E.), Islam, M. (Muhammad), Ivkovic, V. (Vanja), Iwasaki, M. (Masanori), Jacobs, J. M. (Jeremy M.), Jafar, T. (Tazeen), Jamrozik, K. (Konrad), Janszky, I. (Imre), Jasienska, G. (Grazyna), Jelakovic, B. (Bojan), Jiang, C. Q. (Chao Qiang), Johansson, M. (Mattias), Jonas, J. B. (Jost B.), Jorgensen, T. (Torben), Joshi, P. (Pradeep), Juolevi, A. (Anne), Jurak, G. (Gregor), Juresa, V. (Vesna), Kaaks, R. (Rudolf), Kafatos, A. (Anthony), Kalter-Leibovici, O. (Ofra), Kamaruddin, N. A. (Nor Azmi), Kasaeian, A. (Amir), Katz, J. (Joanne), Kauhanen, J. (Jussi), Kaur, P. (Prabhdeep), Kavousi, M. (Maryam), Kazakbaeva, G. (Gyulli), Keil, U. (Ulrich), Boker, L. K. (Lital Keinan), Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Kelishadi, R. (Roya), Kemper, H. C. (Han C. G.), Kersting, M. (Mathilde), Key, T. (Timothy), Khader, Y. S. (Yousef Saleh), Khalili, D. (Davood), Khang, Y.-H. (Young-Ho), Khaw, K.-T. (Kay-Tee), Kiechl, S. (Stefan), Killewo, J. (Japhet), Kim, J. (Jeongseon), Klumbiene, J. (Jurate), Kolle, E. (Elin), Kolsteren, P. (Patrick), Korrovits, P. (Paul), Koskinen, S. (Seppo), Kouda, K. (Katsuyasu), Koziel, S. (Slawomir), Kristensen, P. L. (Peter Lund), Krokstad, S. (Steinar), Kromhout, D. (Daan), Kruger, H. S. (Herculina S.), Kubinova, R. (Ruzena), Kuciene, R. (Renata), Kuh, D. (Diana), Kujala, U. M. (Urho M.), Kula, K. (Krzysztof), Kulaga, Z. (Zbigniew), Kumar, R. K. (R. Krishna), Kurjata, P. (Pawel), Kusuma, Y. S. (Yadlapalli S.), Kuulasmaa, K. (Kari), Kyobutungi, C. (Catherine), Lachat, C. (Carl), Landrove, O. (Orlando), Lanska, V. (Vera), Lappas, G. (Georg), Larijani, B. (Bagher), Laugsand, L. E. (Lars E.), Le, T. D. (Tuyen D.), Leclercq, C. (Catherine), Lee, J. (Jeannette), Lee, J. (Jeonghee), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Lekhraj, R. (Rampal), Leon-Munoz, L. M. (Luz M.), Levitt, N. S. (Naomi S.), Li, Y. (Yanping), Lilly, C. L. (Christa L.), Lim, W.-Y. (Wei-Yen), Fernanda Lima-Costa, M. (M.), Lin, H.-H. (Hsien-Ho), Lin, X. (Xu), Linneberg, A. (Allan), Lissner, L. (Lauren), Litwin, M. (Mieczyslaw), Lorbeer, R. (Roberto), Lotufo, P. A. (Paulo A.), Eugenio Lozano, J. (Jose), Luksiene, D. (Dalia), Lundqvist, A. (Annamari), Lunet, N. (Nuno), Lytsy, P. (Per), Ma, G. (Guansheng), Ma, J. (Jun), Machado-Coelho, G. L. (George L. L.), Machi, S. (Suka), Maggi, S. (Stefania), Magliano, D. J. (Dianna J.), Majer, M. (Marjeta), Makdisse, M. (Marcia), Malekzadeh, R. (Reza), Malhotra, R. (Rahul), Rao, K. M. (Kodavanti Mallikharjuna), Malyutina, S. (Sofia), Manios, Y. (Yannis), Mann, J. I. (Jim I.), Manzato, E. (Enzo), Margozzini, P. (Paula), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Marrugat, J. (Jaume), Martorell, R. (Reynaldo), Mathiesen, E. B. (Ellisiv B.), Matijasevich, A. (Alicia), Matsha, T. E. (Tandi E.), Mbanya, J. C. (Jean Claude N.), Posso, A. J. (Anselmo J. Mc Donald), McFarlane, S. R. (Shelly R.), McGarvey, S. T. (Stephen T.), McLachlan, S. (Stela), McLean, R. M. (Rachael M.), McNulty, B. A. (Breige A.), Khir, A. S. (Amir Sharifuddin Md), Mediene-Benchekor, S. (Sounnia), Medzioniene, J. (Jurate), Meirhaeghe, A. (Aline), Meisinger, C. (Christa), Menezes, A. M. (Ana Maria B.), Menon, G. R. (Geetha R.), Meshram, I. I. (Indrapal I.), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Mi, J. (Jie), Mikkel, K. (Kairit), Miller, J. C. (Jody C.), Francisco Miquel, J. (Juan), Jaime Miranda, J. (J.), Misigoj-Durakovic, M. (Marjeta), Mohamed, M. K. (Mostafa K.), Mohammad, K. (Kazem), Mohammadifard, N. (Noushin), Mohan, V. (Viswanathan), Yusoff, M. F. (Muhammad Fadhli Mohd), Moller, N. C. (Niels C.), Molnar, D. (Denes), Momenan, A. (Amirabbas), Monyeki, K. D. (Kotsedi Daniel K.), Moreira, L. B. (Leila B.), Morejon, A. (Alain), Moreno, L. A. (Luis A.), Morgan, K. (Karen), Moschonis, G. (George), Mossakowska, M. (Malgorzata), Mostafa, A. (Aya), Mota, J. (Jorge), Motlagh, M. E. (Mohammad Esmaeel), Motta, J. (Jorge), Muiesan, M. L. (Maria L.), Mueller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Murphy, N. (Neil), Mursu, J. (Jaakko), Musil, V. (Vera), Nagel, G. (Gabriele), Naidu, B. M. (Balkish M.), Nakamura, H. (Harunobu), Namsna, J. (Jana), Nang, E. E. (Ei Ei K.), Nangia, V. B. (Vinay B.), Narake, S. (Sameer), Maria Navarrete-Munoz, E. (Eva), Ndiaye, N. C. (Ndeye Coumba), Neal, W. A. (William A.), Nenko, I. (Ilona), Nervi, F. (Flavio), Nguyen, N. D. (Nguyen D.), Nieto-Martinez, R. E. (Ramfis E.), Niiranen, T. J. (Teemu J.), Ning, G. (Guang), Ninomiya, T. (Toshiharu), Nishtar, S. (Sania), Noale, M. (Marianna), Noboa, O. A. (Oscar A.), Noorbala, A. A. (Ahmad Ali), Norat, T. (Teresa), Noto, D. (Davide), Al Nsour, M. (Mohannad), O'Reilly, D. (Dermot), Oh, K. (Kyungwon), Olinto, M. T. (Maria Teresa A.), Oliveira, I. O. (Isabel O.), Omar, M. A. (Mohd Azahadi), Onat, A. (Altan), Ordunez, P. (Pedro), Osmond, C. (Clive), Ostojic, S. M. (Sergej M.), Otero, J. A. (Johanna A.), Overvad, K. (Kim), Owusu-Dabo, E. (Ellis), Paccaud, F. M. (Fred Michel), Padez, C. (Cristina), Pahomova, E. (Elena), Pajak, A. (Andrzej), Palli, D. (Domenico), Palmieri, L. (Luigi), Panda-Jonas, S. (Songhomitra), Panza, F. (Francesco), Papandreou, D. (Dimitrios), Parnell, W. R. (Winsome R.), Parsaeian, M. (Mahboubeh), Pecin, I. (Ivan), Pednekar, M. S. (Mangesh S.), Peer, N. (Nasheeta), Peeters, P. H. (Petra H.), Peixoto, S. V. (Sergio Viana), Pelletier, C. (Catherine), Peltonen, M. (Markku), Pereira, A. C. (Alexandre C.), Marina Perez, R. (Rosa), Peters, A. (Annette), Petkeviciene, J. (Janina), Pigeot, I. (Iris), Pikhart, H. (Hynek), Pilav, A. (Aida), Pilotto, L. (Lorenza), Pitakaka, F. (Freda), Plans-Rubio, P. (Pedro), Polakowska, M. (Maria), Polasek, O. (Ozren), Porta, M. (Miquel), Portegies, M. L. (Marileen L. P.), Pourshams, A. (Akram), Pradeepa, R. (Rajendra), Prashant, M. (Mathur), Price, J. F. (Jacqueline F.), Puiu, M. (Maria), Punab, M. (Margus), Qasrawi, R. F. (Radwan F.), Qorbani, M. (Mostafa), Radic, I. (Ivana), Radisauskas, R. (Ricardas), Rahman, M. (Mahfuzar), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Raj, M. (Manu), Rao, S. R. (Sudha Ramachandra), Ramos, E. (Elisabete), Rampal, S. (Sanjay), Rangel Reina, D. A. (Daniel A.), Rasmussen, F. (Finn), Redon, J. (Josep), Reganit, P. F. (Paul Ferdinand M.), Ribeiro, R. (Robespierre), Riboli, E. (Elio), Rigo, F. (Fernando), de Wit, T. F. (Tobias F. Rinke), Ritti-Dias, R. M. (Raphael M.), Robinson, S. M. (Sian M.), Robitaille, C. (Cynthia), Rodriguez-Artalejo, F. (Fernando), Rodriguez-Villamizar, L. A. (Laura A.), Rojas-Martinez, R. (Rosalba), Rosengren, A. (Annika), Rubinstein, A. (Adolfo), Rui, O. (Ornelas), Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt, B. (Blanca), Russo Horimoto, A. R. (Andrea R. V.), Rutkowski, M. (Marcin), Sabanayagam, C. (Charumathi), Sachdev, H. S. (Harshpal S.), Saidi, O. 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(Michael), Skovbjerg, S. (Sine), Slowikowska-Hilczer, J. (Jolanta), Slusarczyk, P. (Przemyslaw), Smith, M. C. (Margaret C.), Snijder, M. B. (Marieke B.), So, H.-K. (Hung-Kwan), Sobngwi, E. (Eugene), Soderberg, S. (Stefan), Solfrizzi, V. (Vincenzo), Sonestedt, E. (Emily), Song, Y. (Yi), Sorensen, T. I. (Thorkild I. A.), Jerome, C. S. (Charles Sossa), Soumare, A. (Aicha), Staessen, J. A. (Jan A.), Starc, G. (Gregor), Stathopoulou, M. G. (Maria G.), Stavreski, B. (Bill), Steene-Johannessen, J. (Jostein), Stehle, P. (Peter), Stein, A. D. (Aryeh D.), Stergiou, G. S. (George S.), Stessman, J. (Jochanan), Stieber, J. (Jutta), Stoeckl, D. (Doris), Stocks, T. (Tanja), Stokwiszewski, J. (Jakub), Stronks, K. (Karien), Strufaldi, M. W. (Maria Wany), Sun, C.-A. (Chien-An), Sung, Y.-T. (Yn-Tz), Suriyawongpaisal, P. (Paibul), Sy, R. G. (Rody G.), Tai, E. S. (E. Shyong), Tammesoo, M.-L. (Mari-Liis), Tamosiunas, A. (Abdonas), Tang, L. (Line), Tang, X. (Xun), Tanser, F. (Frank), Tao, Y. (Yong), Tarawneh, M. R. (Mohammed Rasoul), Tarqui-Mamani, C. B. (Carolina B.), Taylor, A. (Anne), Theobald, H. (Holger), Thijs, L. (Lutgarde), Thuesen, B. H. (Betina H.), Tjonneland, A. (Anne), Tolonen, H. K. (Hanna K.), Topbas, M. (Murat), Topor-Madry, R. (Roman), Jose Tormo, M. (Maria), Torrent, M. (Maties), Traissac, P. (Pierre), Trichopoulos, D. (Dimitrios), Trichopoulou, A. (Antonia), Trinh, O. T. (Oanh T. H.), Trivedi, A. (Atul), Tshepo, L. (Lechaba), Tulloch-Reid, M. K. (Marshall K.), Tuomainen, T.-P. (Tomi-Pekka), Turley, M. L. (Maria L.), Tynelius, P. (Per), Tzourio, C. (Christophe), Ueda, P. (Peter), Ugel, E. (Eunice), Ulmer, H. (Hanno), Uusitalo, H. M. (Hannu M. T.), Valdivia, G. (Gonzalo), Valvi, D. (Damaskini), van der Schouw, Y. T. (Yvonne T.), Van Herck, K. (Koen), van Rossem, L. (Lenie), van Valkengoed, I. G. (Irene G. M.), Vanderschueren, D. (Dirk), Vanuzzo, D. (Diego), Vatten, L. (Lars), Vega, T. (Tomas), Velasquez-Melendez, G. (Gustavo), Veronesi, G. 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(Frederick C.), Wu, S. L. (Shou Ling), Xu, H. (Haiquan), Yan, W. (Weili), Yang, X. (Xiaoguang), Ye, X. (Xingwang), Yiallouros, P. K. (Panayiotis K.), Yoshihara, A. (Akihiro), Younger-Coleman, N. O. (Novie O.), Yusoff, A. F. (Ahmad F.), Zambon, S. (Sabina), Zdrojewski, T. (Tomasz), Zeng, Y. (Yi), Zhao, D. (Dong), Zhao, W. (Wenhua), Zheng, Y. (Yingffeng), Zhu, D. (Dan), Zimmermann, E. (Esther), and Zuniga Cisneros, J. (Julio)
Abstract: Background: Raised blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. We estimated worldwide trends in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of, and number of people with, raised blood pressure, defined as systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher. Methods: For this analysis, we pooled national, subnational, or community population-based studies that had measured blood pressure in adults aged 18 years and older. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2015 in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of raised blood pressure for 200 countries. We calculated the contributions of changes in prevalence versus population growth and ageing to the increase in the number of adults with raised blood pressure. Findings: We pooled 1479 studies that had measured the blood pressures of 19.1 million adults. Global age-standardised mean systolic blood pressure in 2015 was 127.0 mm Hg (95% credible interval 125.7–128.3) in men and 122.3 mm Hg (121.0–123.6) in women; age-standardised mean diastolic blood pressure was 78.7 mm Hg (77.9–79.5) for men and 76.7 mm Hg (75.9–77.6) for women. Global age-standardised prevalence of raised blood pressure was 24.1% (21.4–27.1) in men and 20.1% (17.8–22.5) in women in 2015. Mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure decreased substantially from 1975 to 2015 in high-income western and Asia Pacific countries, moving these countries from having some of the highest worldwide blood pressure in 1975 to the lowest in 2015. Mean blood pressure also decreased in women in central and eastern Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, and, more recently, central Asia, Middle East, and north Africa, but the estimated trends in these super-regions had larger uncertainty than in high-income super-regions. By contrast, mean blood pressure might have increased in
Published: 2017

18. Enrollment of a population-based cohort of newborns at higher risk of developing a chronic condition: the EDEN study. Etude du Developpement des Nouveau-nés Study

Author: Addor, V., Santos-Eggimann, B., Fawer, C L., Paccaud, F., Calame, A., Addor, V., Santos-Eggimann, B., Fawer, C L., Paccaud, F., and Calame, A.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the methods used at birth to recruit a population-based cohort of newborns of all birthweights at higher risk of having a chronic condition, and to present baseline results. METHODS: Screening of all newborns at hospital discharge for five non-exclusive criteria: (1) low birthweight (LBW), (2) congenital anomalies or genetic disease, (3) specified conditions associated with a high probability of chronicity, (4) referral to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), (5) or defined social problems. Calculation of Hobel risk scores for children satisfying > or = 1 criterion. SUBJECTS: All 6477 live births delivered in the 19 maternity hospitals of a geographically defined region (Vaud, Switzerland) to resident mothers in 1993-1994. RESULTS: Twelve per cent (n = 760) of newborns met > or = 1 criterion: 6.3% of all newborns had an LBW (criterion 1), 2.4% had a birth defect, 0.9% met criterion (3), 4.4% stayed in an NICU and 1.6% had serious social problems. Hobel prenatal score was high (> or = 10 points) for 41% of children with > or = 1 criterion, the intrapartum score for 87% and the neonatal score for 68%. CONCLUSIONS: Most newborns identified by the above simple criteria also had elevated perinatal risks. The validity of the criteria will later be tested against the results of the examinations of children with > or = 1 criterion at 18 months and 4 years of age, but the assessment at birth already shows that normal birthweight (NBW) children, in agreement with previous studies, contribute half the children at high risk perinatally
Published: 2017

19. The genetics of blood pressure regulation and its target organs from association studies in 342,415 individuals

Author: Ehret, G.B. (Georg), Ferreira, T. (Teresa), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel), Jackson, A.U. (Anne), Schmidt, E.M. (Ellen), Johnson, T. (Toby), Thorleifsson, G. (Gudmar), Luan, J. (Jian'An), Donnelly, L.A. (Louise), Kanoni, S. (Stavroula), Petersen, A.K., Pihur, V. (Vasyl), Strawbridge, R.J. (Rona), Shungin, D. (Dmitry), Hughes, M.F. (Maria F.), Meirelles, O., Kaakinen, M. (Marika), Bouatia-Naji, N. (Nabila), Kristiansson, K. (Kati), Shah, S. (Sonia), Kleber, M.E. (Marcus), Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Lyytikäinen, L.-P. (Leo-Pekka), Fava, C. (Cristiano), Eriksson, N. (Niclas), Nolte, I.M. (Ilja), Magnusson, P.K. (Patrik), Salfati, E. (Elias), Rallidis, L.S. (Loukianos), Theusch, E. (Elizabeth), Smith, A.J. (Andrew), Folkersen, L. (Lasse), Witkowska, H.E. (Ewa), Pers, T.H. (Tune), Joehanes, R. (Roby), Kim, S.K. (Stuart K.), Lataniotis, L. (Lazaros), Jansen, R., Johnson, A.D. (Andrew), Warren, H. (Helen), Kim, Y.J., Zhao, W. (Wei), Wu, Y. (Ying), Tayo, B. (Bamidele), Bochud, M. (Murielle), Absher, D. (Devin), Adair, L.S. (Linda), Amin, N. (Najaf), Arking, D.E. (Dan), Axelsson, T. (Tomas), Baldassarre, D. (Damiano), Balkau, B. (Beverley), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Barnes, M.J. (Michael), Barroso, I.E. (Inês), Bevan, S. (Stephen), Bis, J.C. (Joshua), Bjornsdottir, G. (Gyda), Boehnke, M. (Michael), Boerwinkle, E.A. (Eric), Bonnycastle, L.L. (Lori), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Bornstein, S.R. (Stefan), Brown, M.J. (Morris), Burnier, M. (Michel), Cabrera, C.P. (Claudia P.), Chambers, J.C. (John), Chang, I.-S. (I-Shou), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Chines, P.S. (Peter), Chung, R.-H. (Ren-Hua), Collins, F.S. (Francis), Connell, J.M. (John M.), Döring, A. (Angela), Dallongeville, J., Danesh, J. (John), Faire, U. (Ulf) de, Delgado, G., Dominiczak, A. (Anna), Doney, A.S.F. (Alex), Drenos, F. (Fotios), Edkins, T. (Ted), Eicher, J.D. (John D.), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Enroth, S. (Stefan), Erdmann, J. (Jeanette), Eriksson, P. (Per), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Evangelou, E. (Evangelos), Evans, A. (Alun), Fall, M. (Magnus), Farrall, M. (Martin), Felix, J.F. (Janine), Ferrieres, J. (Jean), Ferrucci, L. (Luigi), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Forrester, T. (Terrence), Franceschini, N. (Nora), Franco, O.H. (Oscar), Franco-Cereceda, A. (Anders), Fraser, R.M. (Ross), Ganesh, S.K. (Santhi), Gao, H. (He), Gertow, K. (Karl), Gianfagna, F. (Francesco), Gigante, B. (Bruna), Giulianini, F. (Franco), Goel, A. (Anuj), Goodall, A.H. (Alison), Goodarzi, M. (Mark), Gorski, M. (Mathias), Gräßler, J. (Jürgen), Groves, C.J. (Christopher), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Gyllensten, U. (Ulf), Hallmans, G. (Göran), Hartikainen, A.L., Hassinen, M. (Maija), Havulinna, A.S. (Aki), Hayward, C. (Caroline), Hercberg, S. (Serge), Herzig, K.H., Hicks, A.A. (Andrew), Hingorani, A. (Aroon), Hirschhorn, J.N. (Joel), Hofman, A. (Albert), Holmen, J. (Jostein), Holmen, O.L. (Oddgeir), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Howard, P. (Philip), Hsiung, C.A. (Chao A.), Hunt, S.C. (Steven), Ikram, M.K. (Kamran), Illig, T. (Thomas), Iribarren, C. (Carlos), Jensen, R.A. (Richard A.), Kähönen, M. (Mika), Kang, H.M. (Hyun Min), Kathiresan, S. (Sekar), Keating, J. (John), Khaw, K.T., Kim, Y.K. (Yun Kyoung), Kim, E. (Eric), Kivimaki, M. (Mika), Klopp, N. (Norman), Kolovou, G. (Genovefa), Komulainen, P. (Pirjo), Kooner, J.S. (Jaspal S.), Kosova, G. (Gulum), Krauss, R.M. (Ronald), Kuh, D. (Diana), Kutalik, Z. (Zoltán), Kuusisto, J. (Johanna), Kvaløy, K. (Kirsti), Lakka, T.A. (Timo), Lee, N.R. (Nanette), Lee, I.T., Lee, W.-J. (Wen-Jane), Levy, D. (Daniel), Li, X. (Xiaohui), Liang, K.-W. (Kae-Woei), Lin, H. (Honghuang), Lin, L. (Li), Lindström, J. (Jaana), Lobbens, S. (Stéphane), Männistö, S. (Satu), Müller, G. (Gabriele), Müller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), MacH, F. (François), Markus, H.S. (Hugh), Marouli, E. (Eirini), McCarthy, M.I. (Mark), McKenzie, C.A. (Colin), Meneton, P. (Pierre), Menni, C. (Cristina), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Mijatovic, V. (Vladan), Moilanen, L. (Leena), Montasser, M.E. (May E.), Morris, A.D. (Andrew), Morrison, A.C. (Alanna), Mulas, A. (Antonella), Nagaraja, R. (Ramaiah), Narisu, N. (Narisu), Nikus, K. (Kjell), O'Donnell, C.J. (Christopher), O'Reilly, P.F. (Paul), Ong, K.K. (Ken), Paccaud, F. (Fred), Palmer, C. (Cameron), Parsa, A. (Afshin), Pedersen, N.L. (Nancy), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda), Perola, M. (Markus), Peters, A. (Annette), Poulter, N.R. (Neil), Pramstaller, P.P. (Peter Paul), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce), Quertermous, T. (Thomas), Rao, D.C. (Dabeeru C.), Rasheed, A. (Asif), Rayner, N.W. (Nigel William), Renström, F. (Frida), Rettig, R. (Rainer), Rice, K.M. (Kenneth), Roberts, R. (Robert), Rose, L.M. (Lynda), Rossouw, J. (Jacques), Samani, N.J. (Nilesh), Sanna, S. (Serena), Saramies, J. (Jouko), Schunkert, H. (Heribert), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Sheu, W.H.-H. (Wayne H.-H.), Shin, Y.-A. (Young-Ah), Sim, X. (Xueling), Smith, A.V. (Davey), Smith, A.V. (Albert Vernon), Sosa, M.X. (Maria X.), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), Stancáková, A. (Alena), Stanton, A. (Alice), Stirrups, K. (Kathy), Stringham, H.M. (Heather), Sundstrom, J. (Johan), Swift, A.J. (Amy), Syvänen, A.C., Tai, E.-S. (E-Shyong), Tanaka, T. (Toshiko), Tarasov, K.V. (Kirill), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Thorsteinsdottir, U. (Unnur), Tobin, M.D. (Martin), Tremoli, E. (Elena), Uitterlinden, A.G. (Andre G.), Uusitupa, M. (Matti), Vaez, A. (Ahmad), Vaidya, D. (Dhananjay), Van Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia M.), Iperen, E.P.A. (Erik) van, Vasan, R.S. (Ramachandran S.), Verwoert, G.C. (Germaine), Virtamo, J. (Jarmo), Vitart, V. (Veronique), Voight, B.F. (Benjamin), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Wagner, A. (Aline), Wain, L.V. (Louise V.), Wareham, N.J. (Nick), Watkins, H. (Hugh), Weder, A.B. (Alan), Westra, H.J. (Harm-Jan), Wilks, R. (Rainford), Wilsgaard, T. (Tom), Wilson, J.F. (James F.), Wong, T.Y. (Tien Y.), Yang, T.-P. (Tsun-Po), Yao, J. (Jiefen), Yengo, L. (Loic), Zhang, W. (Weihua), Zhao, J.H. (Jing Hua), Zhu, X. (Xiaofeng), Bovet, P. (Pascal), Cooper, R.S. (Richard S.), Mohlke, K.L. (Karen), Saleheen, D. (Danish), Lee, J.-Y. (Jong-Young), Elliott, P. (Paul), Gierman, L.M. (Lobke), Willer, C.J. (Cristen), Franke, L. (Lude), Hovingh, G.K. (Kees), Taylor, K.D. (Kent), Dedoussis, G.V. (George), Sever, P. (Peter), Wong, A. (Andrew), Kao, W.H.L. (Wen), Assimes, T.L. (Themistocles), Njølstad, I. (Inger), Schwarz, P.E.H. (Peter), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Snieder, H. (Harold), Caulfield, M. (Mark), Melander, O. (Olle), Laakso, M. (Markku), Saltevo, J. (Juha), Rauramaa, R. (Rainer), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Ingelsson, E. (Erik), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Hveem, K. (Kristian), Palmas, W. (Walter), März, W. (Winfried), Kumari, M. (Meena), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Chen, Y.D. (Y.), Rotter, J.I. (Jerome I.), Froguel, P. (Philippe), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Lakatta, E. (Edward), Kuulasmaa, K. (Kari), Franks, P.W. (Paul), Hamsten, A. (Anders), Wichmann, H.E. (Heinz Erich), Palmer, C.N.A. (Colin), Stefansson, K. (Kari), Ridker, P.M. (Paul), Loos, R.J.F. (Ruth), Chakravarti, A. (Aravinda), Deloukas, P. (Panagiotis), Morris, A.P. (Andrew), Newton-Cheh, C. (C.), Munroe, P. (Patricia), Ehret, G.B. (Georg), Ferreira, T. (Teresa), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel), Jackson, A.U. (Anne), Schmidt, E.M. (Ellen), Johnson, T. (Toby), Thorleifsson, G. (Gudmar), Luan, J. (Jian'An), Donnelly, L.A. (Louise), Kanoni, S. (Stavroula), Petersen, A.K., Pihur, V. (Vasyl), Strawbridge, R.J. (Rona), Shungin, D. (Dmitry), Hughes, M.F. (Maria F.), Meirelles, O., Kaakinen, M. (Marika), Bouatia-Naji, N. (Nabila), Kristiansson, K. (Kati), Shah, S. (Sonia), Kleber, M.E. (Marcus), Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Lyytikäinen, L.-P. (Leo-Pekka), Fava, C. (Cristiano), Eriksson, N. (Niclas), Nolte, I.M. (Ilja), Magnusson, P.K. (Patrik), Salfati, E. (Elias), Rallidis, L.S. (Loukianos), Theusch, E. (Elizabeth), Smith, A.J. (Andrew), Folkersen, L. (Lasse), Witkowska, H.E. (Ewa), Pers, T.H. (Tune), Joehanes, R. (Roby), Kim, S.K. (Stuart K.), Lataniotis, L. (Lazaros), Jansen, R., Johnson, A.D. (Andrew), Warren, H. (Helen), Kim, Y.J., Zhao, W. (Wei), Wu, Y. (Ying), Tayo, B. (Bamidele), Bochud, M. (Murielle), Absher, D. (Devin), Adair, L.S. (Linda), Amin, N. (Najaf), Arking, D.E. (Dan), Axelsson, T. (Tomas), Baldassarre, D. (Damiano), Balkau, B. (Beverley), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Barnes, M.J. (Michael), Barroso, I.E. (Inês), Bevan, S. (Stephen), Bis, J.C. (Joshua), Bjornsdottir, G. (Gyda), Boehnke, M. (Michael), Boerwinkle, E.A. (Eric), Bonnycastle, L.L. (Lori), Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Bornstein, S.R. (Stefan), Brown, M.J. (Morris), Burnier, M. (Michel), Cabrera, C.P. (Claudia P.), Chambers, J.C. (John), Chang, I.-S. (I-Shou), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Chines, P.S. (Peter), Chung, R.-H. (Ren-Hua), Collins, F.S. (Francis), Connell, J.M. (John M.), Döring, A. (Angela), Dallongeville, J., Danesh, J. (John), Faire, U. (Ulf) de, Delgado, G., Dominiczak, A. (Anna), Doney, A.S.F. (Alex), Drenos, F. (Fotios), Edkins, T. (Ted), Eicher, J.D. (John D.), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Enroth, S. (Stefan), Erdmann, J. (Jeanette), Eriksson, P. (Per), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Evangelou, E. (Evangelos), Evans, A. (Alun), Fall, M. (Magnus), Farrall, M. (Martin), Felix, J.F. (Janine), Ferrieres, J. (Jean), Ferrucci, L. (Luigi), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Forrester, T. (Terrence), Franceschini, N. (Nora), Franco, O.H. (Oscar), Franco-Cereceda, A. (Anders), Fraser, R.M. (Ross), Ganesh, S.K. (Santhi), Gao, H. (He), Gertow, K. (Karl), Gianfagna, F. (Francesco), Gigante, B. (Bruna), Giulianini, F. (Franco), Goel, A. (Anuj), Goodall, A.H. (Alison), Goodarzi, M. (Mark), Gorski, M. (Mathias), Gräßler, J. (Jürgen), Groves, C.J. (Christopher), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Gyllensten, U. (Ulf), Hallmans, G. (Göran), Hartikainen, A.L., Hassinen, M. (Maija), Havulinna, A.S. (Aki), Hayward, C. (Caroline), Hercberg, S. (Serge), Herzig, K.H., Hicks, A.A. (Andrew), Hingorani, A. (Aroon), Hirschhorn, J.N. (Joel), Hofman, A. (Albert), Holmen, J. (Jostein), Holmen, O.L. (Oddgeir), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Howard, P. (Philip), Hsiung, C.A. (Chao A.), Hunt, S.C. (Steven), Ikram, M.K. (Kamran), Illig, T. (Thomas), Iribarren, C. (Carlos), Jensen, R.A. (Richard A.), Kähönen, M. (Mika), Kang, H.M. (Hyun Min), Kathiresan, S. (Sekar), Keating, J. (John), Khaw, K.T., Kim, Y.K. (Yun Kyoung), Kim, E. (Eric), Kivimaki, M. (Mika), Klopp, N. (Norman), Kolovou, G. (Genovefa), Komulainen, P. (Pirjo), Kooner, J.S. (Jaspal S.), Kosova, G. (Gulum), Krauss, R.M. (Ronald), Kuh, D. (Diana), Kutalik, Z. (Zoltán), Kuusisto, J. (Johanna), Kvaløy, K. (Kirsti), Lakka, T.A. (Timo), Lee, N.R. (Nanette), Lee, I.T., Lee, W.-J. (Wen-Jane), Levy, D. (Daniel), Li, X. (Xiaohui), Liang, K.-W. (Kae-Woei), Lin, H. (Honghuang), Lin, L. (Li), Lindström, J. (Jaana), Lobbens, S. (Stéphane), Männistö, S. (Satu), Müller, G. (Gabriele), Müller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), MacH, F. (François), Markus, H.S. (Hugh), Marouli, E. (Eirini), McCarthy, M.I. (Mark), McKenzie, C.A. (Colin), Meneton, P. (Pierre), Menni, C. (Cristina), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Mijatovic, V. (Vladan), Moilanen, L. (Leena), Montasser, M.E. (May E.), Morris, A.D. (Andrew), Morrison, A.C. (Alanna), Mulas, A. (Antonella), Nagaraja, R. (Ramaiah), Narisu, N. (Narisu), Nikus, K. (Kjell), O'Donnell, C.J. (Christopher), O'Reilly, P.F. (Paul), Ong, K.K. (Ken), Paccaud, F. (Fred), Palmer, C. (Cameron), Parsa, A. (Afshin), Pedersen, N.L. (Nancy), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda), Perola, M. (Markus), Peters, A. (Annette), Poulter, N.R. (Neil), Pramstaller, P.P. (Peter Paul), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce), Quertermous, T. (Thomas), Rao, D.C. (Dabeeru C.), Rasheed, A. (Asif), Rayner, N.W. (Nigel William), Renström, F. (Frida), Rettig, R. (Rainer), Rice, K.M. (Kenneth), Roberts, R. (Robert), Rose, L.M. (Lynda), Rossouw, J. (Jacques), Samani, N.J. (Nilesh), Sanna, S. (Serena), Saramies, J. (Jouko), Schunkert, H. (Heribert), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Sheu, W.H.-H. (Wayne H.-H.), Shin, Y.-A. (Young-Ah), Sim, X. (Xueling), Smith, A.V. (Davey), Smith, A.V. (Albert Vernon), Sosa, M.X. (Maria X.), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), Stancáková, A. (Alena), Stanton, A. (Alice), Stirrups, K. (Kathy), Stringham, H.M. (Heather), Sundstrom, J. (Johan), Swift, A.J. (Amy), Syvänen, A.C., Tai, E.-S. (E-Shyong), Tanaka, T. (Toshiko), Tarasov, K.V. (Kirill), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Thorsteinsdottir, U. (Unnur), Tobin, M.D. (Martin), Tremoli, E. (Elena), Uitterlinden, A.G. (Andre G.), Uusitupa, M. (Matti), Vaez, A. (Ahmad), Vaidya, D. (Dhananjay), Van Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia M.), Iperen, E.P.A. (Erik) van, Vasan, R.S. (Ramachandran S.), Verwoert, G.C. (Germaine), Virtamo, J. (Jarmo), Vitart, V. (Veronique), Voight, B.F. (Benjamin), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Wagner, A. (Aline), Wain, L.V. (Louise V.), Wareham, N.J. (Nick), Watkins, H. (Hugh), Weder, A.B. (Alan), Westra, H.J. (Harm-Jan), Wilks, R. (Rainford), Wilsgaard, T. (Tom), Wilson, J.F. (James F.), Wong, T.Y. (Tien Y.), Yang, T.-P. (Tsun-Po), Yao, J. (Jiefen), Yengo, L. (Loic), Zhang, W. (Weihua), Zhao, J.H. (Jing Hua), Zhu, X. (Xiaofeng), Bovet, P. (Pascal), Cooper, R.S. (Richard S.), Mohlke, K.L. (Karen), Saleheen, D. (Danish), Lee, J.-Y. (Jong-Young), Elliott, P. (Paul), Gierman, L.M. (Lobke), Willer, C.J. (Cristen), Franke, L. (Lude), Hovingh, G.K. (Kees), Taylor, K.D. (Kent), Dedoussis, G.V. (George), Sever, P. (Peter), Wong, A. (Andrew), Kao, W.H.L. (Wen), Assimes, T.L. (Themistocles), Njølstad, I. (Inger), Schwarz, P.E.H. (Peter), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Snieder, H. (Harold), Caulfield, M. (Mark), Melander, O. (Olle), Laakso, M. (Markku), Saltevo, J. (Juha), Rauramaa, R. (Rainer), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Ingelsson, E. (Erik), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Hveem, K. (Kristian), Palmas, W. (Walter), März, W. (Winfried), Kumari, M. (Meena), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Chen, Y.D. (Y.), Rotter, J.I. (Jerome I.), Froguel, P. (Philippe), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Lakatta, E. (Edward), Kuulasmaa, K. (Kari), Franks, P.W. (Paul), Hamsten, A. (Anders), Wichmann, H.E. (Heinz Erich), Palmer, C.N.A. (Colin), Stefansson, K. (Kari), Ridker, P.M. (Paul), Loos, R.J.F. (Ruth), Chakravarti, A. (Aravinda), Deloukas, P. (Panagiotis), Morris, A.P. (Andrew), Newton-Cheh, C. (C.), and Munroe, P. (Patricia)
Abstract: To dissect the genetic architecture of blood pressure and assess effects on target organ damage, we analyzed 128,272 SNPs from targeted and genome-wide arrays in 201,529 individuals of European ancestry, and genotypes from an additional 140,886 individuals were used for validation. We identified 66 blood pressure-associated loci, of which 17 were new; 15 harbored multiple distinct association signals. The 66 index SNPs were enriched for cis-regulatory elements, particularly in vascular endothelial cells, consistent with a primary role in blood pressure control through modulation of vascular tone across multiple tissues. The 66 index SNPs combined in a risk score showed comparable effects in 64,421 individuals of non-European descent. The 66-SNP blood pressure risk score was significantly associated with target organ damage in multiple tissues but with minor effects in the kidney. Our findings expand current knowledge of blood pressure-related pathways and highlight tissues beyond the classical renal system in blood pressure regulation.
Published: 2016
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20. The genetics of blood pressure regulation and its target organs from association studies in 342,415 individuals

Author: Ehret, G. B. (Georg B.), Ferreira, T. (Teresa), Chasman, D. I. (Daniel I.), Jackson, A. U. (Anne U.), Schmidt, E. M. (Ellen M.), Johnson, T. (Toby), Thorleifsson, G. (Gudmar), Luan, J. (Jian'an), Donnelly, L. A. (Louise A.), Kanoni, S. (Stavroula), Petersen, A. -. (Ann -Kristin), Pihurl, V. (Vasyl), Strawbridge, R. J. (Rona J.), Shungin, D. (Dmitry), Hughes, M. F. (Maria F.), Meirelles, O. (Osorio), Kaakinen, M. (Marika), Bouatia-Naji, N. (Nabila), Kristiansson, K. (Kati), Shah, S. (Sonia), Kleber, M. E. (Marcus E.), Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Lyytikainen, L.-P. (Leo-Pekka), Fava, C. (Cristiano), Eriksson, N. (Nidas), Nolte, I. M. (Ilja M.), Magnusson, P. K. (Patrik K.), Salfati, E. L. (Elias L.), Rallidis, L. S. (Loukianos S.), Theusch, E. (Elizabeth), Smith, A. J. (Andrew J. P.), Folkersen, L. (Lasse), Witkowska, K. (Kate), Pers, T. H. (Tune H.), Joehanes, R. (Roby), Kim, S. K. (Stuart K.), Lataniotis, L. (Lazaros), Jansen, R. (Rick), Johnson, A. D. (Andrew D.), Warren, H. (Helen), Kim, Y. J. (Young Jin), Zhao, W. (Wei), Wu, Y. (Ying), Tayo, B. O. (Bamidele O.), Bochud, M. (Murielle), Absher, D. (Devin), Adair, L. S. (Linda S.), Amin, N. (Najaf), Arkingl, D. E. (Dan E.), Axelsson, T. (Tomas), Baldassarre, D. (Damian), Balkau, B. (Beverley), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Barnes, M. R. (Michael R.), Barroso, I. (Ines), Bevan, S. (Stephen), Bis, J. C. (Joshua C.), Bjornsdottir, G. (Gyda), Boehnke, M. (Michael), Boerwinkle, E. (Eric), Bonnycastle, L. L. (Lori L.), Boomsma, D. I. (Dorret I.), Bornstein, S. R. (Stefan R.), Brown, M. J. (Morris J.), Burnier, M. (Michel), Cabrera, C. P. (Claudia P.), Chambers, J. C. (John C.), Chang, I.-S. (I-Shou), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Chines, P. S. (Peter S.), Chung, R.-H. (Ren-Hua), Collins, F. S. (Francis S.), Connell, J. M. (John M.), Doring, A. (Angela), Dallongeville, J. (Jean), Danesh, J. (John), de Faire, U. (Ulf), Delgado, G. (Graciela), Dominiczak, A. F. (Anna F.), Doney, A. S. (Alex S. F.), Drenos, F. (Fotios), Edkins, S. (Sarah), Eicher, J. D. (John D.), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Enroth, S. (Stefan), Erdmann, J. (Jeanette), Eriksson, P. (Per), Esko, T. (Tonu), Evangelou, E. (Evangelos), Evans, A. (Alun), Fai, T. (Tove), Farra, M. (Martin), Felixl, J. F. (Janine F.), Ferrieres, J. (Jean), Ferrucci, L. (Luigi), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Forrester, T. (Terrence), Franceschinil, N. (Nora), Franco, O. H. (Oscar H.), Franco-Cereceda, A. (Anders), Fraser, R. M. (Ross M.), Ganesh, S. K. (Santhi K.), Gao, H. (He), Gertow, K. (Karl), Gianfagna, F. (Francesco), Gigante, B. (Bruna), Giulianini, F. (Franco), Goe, A. (Anuj), Goodall, A. H. (Alison H.), Goodarzi, M. (Mark), Gorski, M. (Mathias), Grassler, J. (Jurgen), Groves, C. J. (Christopher J.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Gyllensten, U. (Ulf), Hallmans, G. (Goran), Hartikainen, A.-L. (Anna-Liisa), Hassinen, M. (Maija), Havulinna, A. S. (Aki S.), Hayward, C. (Caroline), Hercberg, S. (Serge), Herzig, K.-H. (Karl-Heinz), Hicks, A. A. (Andrew A.), Hingorani, A. D. (Aroon D.), Hirschhorn, J. N. (Joel N.), Hofmanl, A. (Albert), Holmen, J. (Jostein), Holmen, O. L. (Oddgeir Lingaas), Hottenga, J.-J. (Jouke-Jan), Howard, P. (Phil), Hsiung, C. A. (Chao A.), Hunt, S. C. (Steven C.), Ikram, M. A. (M. Arfan), Illig, T. (Thomas), Iribarren, C. (Carlos), Jensen, R. A. (Richard A.), Kahonen, M. (Mika), Kang, H. M. (Hyun Min), Kathiresan, S. (Sekar), Keating, B. J. (Brendan J.), Khaw, K.-T. (Kay-Tee), Kim, Y. K. (Yun Kyoung), Kim, E. (Eric), Kivimaki, M. (Mika), Klopp, N. (Norman), Kolovou, G. (Genovefa), Komulainen, P. (Pirjo), Kooner, J. S. (Jaspal S.), Kosova, G. (Gulum), Krauss, R. M. (Ronald M.), Kuh, D. (Diana), Kutalik, Z. (Zoltan), Kuusisto, J. (Johanna), Kvaloy, K. (Kirsti), Lakka, T. A. (Timo A.), Lee, N. R. (Nanette R.), Lee, I.-T. (I-Te), Lee, W.-J. (Wen-Jane), Levy, D. (Daniel), Li, X. (Xiaohui), Liang, K.-W. (Kae-Woei), Lin, H. (Honghuang), Lin, L. (Li), Lindstrom, J. (Jaana), Lobbens, S. (Stephane), Mannisto, S. (Satu), Muller, G. (Gabriele), Muller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Mach, F. (Francois), Markus, H. S. (Hugh S.), Marouli, E. (Eirini), McCarthy, M. I. (Mark I.), McKenzie, C. A. (Colin A.), Meneton, P. (Pierre), Menni, C. (Cristina), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Mijatovic, V. (Vladan), Moilanen, L. (Leena), Montasser, M. E. (May E.), Morris, A. D. (Andrew D.), Morrison, A. C. (Alanna C.), Mulas, A. (Antonella), Nagaraja, R. (Ramaiah), Narisu, N. (Narisu), Nikus, K. (Kjell), O'Donnell, C. J. (Christopher J.), O'Reilly, P. F. (Paul F.), Ong, K. K. (Ken K.), Paccaud, F. (Fred), Palmer, C. D. (Cameron D.), Parsa, A. (Afshin), Pedersen, N. L. (Nancy L.), Penninx, B. W. (Brenda W.), Perola, M. (Markus), Peters, A. (Annette), Poulter, N. (Neil), Pramstaller, P. P. (Peter P.), Psaty, B. M. (Bruce M.), Quertermous, T. (Thomas), Rao, D. C. (Dabeeru C.), Rasheed, A. (Asif), Rayner, N. W. (N. William), Renstrom, F. (Frida), Rettig, R. (Rainer), Rice, K. M. (Kenneth M.), Roberts, R. (Robert), Rose, L. M. (Lynda M.), Rossouw, J. (Jacques), Samani, N. J. (Nilesh J.), Sanna, S. (Serena), Saramies, J. (Jouko), Schunkert, H. (Heribert), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Sheu, W. H. (Wayne H-H), Shin, Y.-A. (Young-Ah), Sim, X. (Xueling), Smit, J. H. (Johannes H.), Smith, A. V. (Albert V.), Sosa, M. X. (Maria X.), Spector, T. D. (Tim D.), Stancakova, A. (Alena), Stanton, A. V. (Alice V.), Stirrups, K. E. (Kathleen E.), Stringham, H. M. (Heather M.), Sundstrom, J. (Johan), Swift, A. J. (Amy J.), Syvanen, A.-C. (Ann-Christine), Tai, E.-S. (E-Shyong), Tanaka, T. (Toshiko), Tarasov, K. V. (Kirill V.), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Thorsteinsdottir, U. (Unnur), Tobin, M. D. (Martin D.), Tremoli, E. (Elena), Uitterlinden, A. G. (Andre G.), Uusitupa, M. (Matti), Vaez, A. (Ahmad), Vaidya, D. (Dhananjay), van Duijn, C. M. (Cornelia M.), van Iperen, E. P. (Erik P. A.), Vasan, R. S. (Ramachandran S.), Verwoert, G. C. (Germaine C.), Virtamo, J. (Jarmo), Vitart, V. (Veronique), Voight, B. F. (Benjamin F.), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Wagner, A. (Aline), Wain, L. V. (Louise V.), Wareham, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Watldns, H. (Hugh), Weder, A. B. (Alan B.), Westra, H. J. (Harm Jan), Wilks, R. (Rainford), Wilsgaard, T. (Tom), Wilson, J. F. (James F.), Wong, T. Y. (Tien Y.), Yang, T.-P. (Tsun-Po), Yao, J. (Jie), Yengo, L. (Loic), Zhang, W. (Weihua), Zhao, J. H. (Jing Hua), Zhu, X. (Xiaofeng), Bovet, P. (Pascal), Cooper, R. S. (Richard S.), Mohlke, K. L. (Karen L.), Saleheen, D. (Danish), Lee, J.-Y. (Jong-Young), Elliott, P. (Paul), Gierman, H. J. (Hinco J.), Willer, C. J. (Cristen J.), Franke, L. (Lude), Hovingh, G. K. (G. Kees), Taylor, K. D. (Kent D.), Dedoussis, G. (George), Sever, P. (Peter), Wong, A. (Andrew), Lind, L. (Lars), Assimes, T. L. (Themistocles L.), Njolstad, I. (Inger), Schwarz, P. E. (Peter E. H.), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Snieder, H. (Harold), Caulfield, M. J. (Mark J.), Melander, E. (E.), Laakso, M. (Markku), Saltevo, J. (Juha), Rauramaa, R. (Rainer), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Ingelsson, E. (Erik), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Hveem, K. (Kristian), Palmas, W. (Walter), Marz, W. (Winfried), Kumar, M. (Meena), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Chen, Y. I. (Yii-Der I.), Rotter, J. I. (Jerome I.), Froguel, P. (Philippe), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Lakatta, E. G. (Edward G.), Kuulasmaa, K. (Kari), Franks, P. W. (Paul W.), Hamsten, A. (Anders), Wichmann, H.-E. (H-Erich), Palmer, C. N. (Colin N. A.), Stefansson, K. (Kari), Ridker, P. M. (Paul M.), Loos, R. J. (Ruth J. F.), Chalcravarti, A. (Aravinda), Deloukas, P. (Panos), Morris, A. P. (Andrew P.), Newton-Cheh, C. (Christopher), Munroe, P. B. (Patricia B.), Ehret, G. B. (Georg B.), Ferreira, T. (Teresa), Chasman, D. I. (Daniel I.), Jackson, A. U. (Anne U.), Schmidt, E. M. (Ellen M.), Johnson, T. (Toby), Thorleifsson, G. (Gudmar), Luan, J. (Jian'an), Donnelly, L. A. (Louise A.), Kanoni, S. (Stavroula), Petersen, A. -. (Ann -Kristin), Pihurl, V. (Vasyl), Strawbridge, R. J. (Rona J.), Shungin, D. (Dmitry), Hughes, M. F. (Maria F.), Meirelles, O. (Osorio), Kaakinen, M. (Marika), Bouatia-Naji, N. (Nabila), Kristiansson, K. (Kati), Shah, S. (Sonia), Kleber, M. E. (Marcus E.), Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Lyytikainen, L.-P. (Leo-Pekka), Fava, C. (Cristiano), Eriksson, N. (Nidas), Nolte, I. M. (Ilja M.), Magnusson, P. K. (Patrik K.), Salfati, E. L. (Elias L.), Rallidis, L. S. (Loukianos S.), Theusch, E. (Elizabeth), Smith, A. J. (Andrew J. P.), Folkersen, L. (Lasse), Witkowska, K. (Kate), Pers, T. H. (Tune H.), Joehanes, R. (Roby), Kim, S. K. (Stuart K.), Lataniotis, L. (Lazaros), Jansen, R. (Rick), Johnson, A. D. (Andrew D.), Warren, H. (Helen), Kim, Y. J. (Young Jin), Zhao, W. (Wei), Wu, Y. (Ying), Tayo, B. O. (Bamidele O.), Bochud, M. (Murielle), Absher, D. (Devin), Adair, L. S. (Linda S.), Amin, N. (Najaf), Arkingl, D. E. (Dan E.), Axelsson, T. (Tomas), Baldassarre, D. (Damian), Balkau, B. (Beverley), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Barnes, M. R. (Michael R.), Barroso, I. (Ines), Bevan, S. (Stephen), Bis, J. C. (Joshua C.), Bjornsdottir, G. (Gyda), Boehnke, M. (Michael), Boerwinkle, E. (Eric), Bonnycastle, L. L. (Lori L.), Boomsma, D. I. (Dorret I.), Bornstein, S. R. (Stefan R.), Brown, M. J. (Morris J.), Burnier, M. (Michel), Cabrera, C. P. (Claudia P.), Chambers, J. C. (John C.), Chang, I.-S. (I-Shou), Cheng, C.-Y. (Ching-Yu), Chines, P. S. (Peter S.), Chung, R.-H. (Ren-Hua), Collins, F. S. (Francis S.), Connell, J. M. (John M.), Doring, A. (Angela), Dallongeville, J. (Jean), Danesh, J. (John), de Faire, U. (Ulf), Delgado, G. (Graciela), Dominiczak, A. F. (Anna F.), Doney, A. S. (Alex S. F.), Drenos, F. (Fotios), Edkins, S. (Sarah), Eicher, J. D. (John D.), Elosua, R. (Roberto), Enroth, S. (Stefan), Erdmann, J. (Jeanette), Eriksson, P. (Per), Esko, T. (Tonu), Evangelou, E. (Evangelos), Evans, A. (Alun), Fai, T. (Tove), Farra, M. (Martin), Felixl, J. F. (Janine F.), Ferrieres, J. (Jean), Ferrucci, L. (Luigi), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Forrester, T. (Terrence), Franceschinil, N. (Nora), Franco, O. H. (Oscar H.), Franco-Cereceda, A. (Anders), Fraser, R. M. (Ross M.), Ganesh, S. K. (Santhi K.), Gao, H. (He), Gertow, K. (Karl), Gianfagna, F. (Francesco), Gigante, B. (Bruna), Giulianini, F. (Franco), Goe, A. (Anuj), Goodall, A. H. (Alison H.), Goodarzi, M. (Mark), Gorski, M. (Mathias), Grassler, J. (Jurgen), Groves, C. J. (Christopher J.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Gyllensten, U. (Ulf), Hallmans, G. (Goran), Hartikainen, A.-L. (Anna-Liisa), Hassinen, M. (Maija), Havulinna, A. S. (Aki S.), Hayward, C. (Caroline), Hercberg, S. (Serge), Herzig, K.-H. (Karl-Heinz), Hicks, A. A. (Andrew A.), Hingorani, A. D. (Aroon D.), Hirschhorn, J. N. (Joel N.), Hofmanl, A. (Albert), Holmen, J. (Jostein), Holmen, O. L. (Oddgeir Lingaas), Hottenga, J.-J. (Jouke-Jan), Howard, P. (Phil), Hsiung, C. A. (Chao A.), Hunt, S. C. (Steven C.), Ikram, M. A. (M. Arfan), Illig, T. (Thomas), Iribarren, C. (Carlos), Jensen, R. A. (Richard A.), Kahonen, M. (Mika), Kang, H. M. (Hyun Min), Kathiresan, S. (Sekar), Keating, B. J. (Brendan J.), Khaw, K.-T. (Kay-Tee), Kim, Y. K. (Yun Kyoung), Kim, E. (Eric), Kivimaki, M. (Mika), Klopp, N. (Norman), Kolovou, G. (Genovefa), Komulainen, P. (Pirjo), Kooner, J. S. (Jaspal S.), Kosova, G. (Gulum), Krauss, R. M. (Ronald M.), Kuh, D. (Diana), Kutalik, Z. (Zoltan), Kuusisto, J. (Johanna), Kvaloy, K. (Kirsti), Lakka, T. A. (Timo A.), Lee, N. R. (Nanette R.), Lee, I.-T. (I-Te), Lee, W.-J. (Wen-Jane), Levy, D. (Daniel), Li, X. (Xiaohui), Liang, K.-W. (Kae-Woei), Lin, H. (Honghuang), Lin, L. (Li), Lindstrom, J. (Jaana), Lobbens, S. (Stephane), Mannisto, S. (Satu), Muller, G. (Gabriele), Muller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Mach, F. (Francois), Markus, H. S. (Hugh S.), Marouli, E. (Eirini), McCarthy, M. I. (Mark I.), McKenzie, C. A. (Colin A.), Meneton, P. (Pierre), Menni, C. (Cristina), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Mijatovic, V. (Vladan), Moilanen, L. (Leena), Montasser, M. E. (May E.), Morris, A. D. (Andrew D.), Morrison, A. C. (Alanna C.), Mulas, A. (Antonella), Nagaraja, R. (Ramaiah), Narisu, N. (Narisu), Nikus, K. (Kjell), O'Donnell, C. J. (Christopher J.), O'Reilly, P. F. (Paul F.), Ong, K. K. (Ken K.), Paccaud, F. (Fred), Palmer, C. D. (Cameron D.), Parsa, A. (Afshin), Pedersen, N. L. (Nancy L.), Penninx, B. W. (Brenda W.), Perola, M. (Markus), Peters, A. (Annette), Poulter, N. (Neil), Pramstaller, P. P. (Peter P.), Psaty, B. M. (Bruce M.), Quertermous, T. (Thomas), Rao, D. C. (Dabeeru C.), Rasheed, A. (Asif), Rayner, N. W. (N. William), Renstrom, F. (Frida), Rettig, R. (Rainer), Rice, K. M. (Kenneth M.), Roberts, R. (Robert), Rose, L. M. (Lynda M.), Rossouw, J. (Jacques), Samani, N. J. (Nilesh J.), Sanna, S. (Serena), Saramies, J. (Jouko), Schunkert, H. (Heribert), Sebert, S. (Sylvain), Sheu, W. H. (Wayne H-H), Shin, Y.-A. (Young-Ah), Sim, X. (Xueling), Smit, J. H. (Johannes H.), Smith, A. V. (Albert V.), Sosa, M. X. (Maria X.), Spector, T. D. (Tim D.), Stancakova, A. (Alena), Stanton, A. V. (Alice V.), Stirrups, K. E. (Kathleen E.), Stringham, H. M. (Heather M.), Sundstrom, J. (Johan), Swift, A. J. (Amy J.), Syvanen, A.-C. (Ann-Christine), Tai, E.-S. (E-Shyong), Tanaka, T. (Toshiko), Tarasov, K. V. (Kirill V.), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Thorsteinsdottir, U. (Unnur), Tobin, M. D. (Martin D.), Tremoli, E. (Elena), Uitterlinden, A. G. (Andre G.), Uusitupa, M. (Matti), Vaez, A. (Ahmad), Vaidya, D. (Dhananjay), van Duijn, C. M. (Cornelia M.), van Iperen, E. P. (Erik P. A.), Vasan, R. S. (Ramachandran S.), Verwoert, G. C. (Germaine C.), Virtamo, J. (Jarmo), Vitart, V. (Veronique), Voight, B. F. (Benjamin F.), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Wagner, A. (Aline), Wain, L. V. (Louise V.), Wareham, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Watldns, H. (Hugh), Weder, A. B. (Alan B.), Westra, H. J. (Harm Jan), Wilks, R. (Rainford), Wilsgaard, T. (Tom), Wilson, J. F. (James F.), Wong, T. Y. (Tien Y.), Yang, T.-P. (Tsun-Po), Yao, J. (Jie), Yengo, L. (Loic), Zhang, W. (Weihua), Zhao, J. H. (Jing Hua), Zhu, X. (Xiaofeng), Bovet, P. (Pascal), Cooper, R. S. (Richard S.), Mohlke, K. L. (Karen L.), Saleheen, D. (Danish), Lee, J.-Y. (Jong-Young), Elliott, P. (Paul), Gierman, H. J. (Hinco J.), Willer, C. J. (Cristen J.), Franke, L. (Lude), Hovingh, G. K. (G. Kees), Taylor, K. D. (Kent D.), Dedoussis, G. (George), Sever, P. (Peter), Wong, A. (Andrew), Lind, L. (Lars), Assimes, T. L. (Themistocles L.), Njolstad, I. (Inger), Schwarz, P. E. (Peter E. H.), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Snieder, H. (Harold), Caulfield, M. J. (Mark J.), Melander, E. (E.), Laakso, M. (Markku), Saltevo, J. (Juha), Rauramaa, R. (Rainer), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Ingelsson, E. (Erik), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Hveem, K. (Kristian), Palmas, W. (Walter), Marz, W. (Winfried), Kumar, M. (Meena), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Chen, Y. I. (Yii-Der I.), Rotter, J. I. (Jerome I.), Froguel, P. (Philippe), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Lakatta, E. G. (Edward G.), Kuulasmaa, K. (Kari), Franks, P. W. (Paul W.), Hamsten, A. (Anders), Wichmann, H.-E. (H-Erich), Palmer, C. N. (Colin N. A.), Stefansson, K. (Kari), Ridker, P. M. (Paul M.), Loos, R. J. (Ruth J. F.), Chalcravarti, A. (Aravinda), Deloukas, P. (Panos), Morris, A. P. (Andrew P.), Newton-Cheh, C. (Christopher), and Munroe, P. B. (Patricia B.)
Abstract: To dissect the genetic architecture of blood pressure and assess effects on target organ damage, we analyzed 128,272 SNPs from targeted and genome-wide arrays in 201,529 individuals of European ancestry, and genotypes from an additional 140,886 individuals were used for validation. We identified 66 blood pressure–associated loci, of which 17 were new; 15 harbored multiple distinct association signals. The 66 index SNPs were enriched for cis-regulatory elements, particularly in vascular endothelial cells, consistent with a primary role in blood pressure control through modulation of vascular tone across multiple tissues. The 66 index SNPs combined in a risk score showed comparable effects in 64,421 individuals of non-European descent. The 66-SNP blood pressure risk score was significantly associated with target organ damage in multiple tissues but with minor effects in the kidney. Our findings expand current knowledge of blood pressure–related pathways and highlight tissues beyond the classical renal system in blood pressure regulation.
Published: 2016

21. Médecines complémentaires dans le canton de Vaud : recours et offres actuels, principaux enjeux sanitaires et possibilités de réglementation.

Author: Bize, R., Rodondi, P-Y., Graz, B., Sudre, P., Brauchli, T., Stadelmann, S., Riou, A.S., Burnand, B., Paccaud, F., Bize, R., Rodondi, P-Y., Graz, B., Sudre, P., Brauchli, T., Stadelmann, S., Riou, A.S., Burnand, B., and Paccaud, F.
Abstract: Selon les données de l'Enquête suisse sur la santé (ESS), le canton de Vaud comprend une des plus grandes proportions d'utilisateurs de médecines complémentaires « au cours des 12 derniers mois » en Suisse (30% en 2012). L'homéopathie, la phytothérapie et l'acupuncture sont les thérapies les plus prisées. L'auto-recours dans le domaine des médecines complémentaires est difficile à estimer. Sur la base des quelques études disponibles en Suisse, ce phénomène paraît néanmoins fréquent. Selon une enquête téléphonique conduite auprès d'un échantillon représentatif d'adultes en Suisse, seuls 34% des répondant/es consultant des thérapeutes non-médecins affirment en informer toujours leurs médecins traitants.
Published: 2016

22. Evaluation de l'impact des nouvelles Directives et recommandations architecturales des établissements médico-sociaux vaudois (DAEMS) sur la satisfaction des usagers

Author: Gonseth Nusslé, S., Chaouch, A., Cominetti, F., Camain, J-Y., Paccaud, F., Rousson, V., Bize, R., Gonseth Nusslé, S., Chaouch, A., Cominetti, F., Camain, J-Y., Paccaud, F., Rousson, V., and Bize, R.
Abstract: L'environnement construit contribue à influencer la santé des individus, selon l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé. L'architecture des établissements médico-sociaux (EMS) peut, elle aussi, produire un impact sur le bien-être et la satisfaction des résident-e-s et des autres usagers. Dans le canton de Vaud, des normes architecturales de construction des EMS (les Directives et recommandations architecturales des établissements médico-sociaux, DAEMS) ont été créées en 2003 afin d'optimiser la conception des EMS par rapport aux besoins des usagers. Notre étude a pour but de vérifier si les EMS construits selon les DAEMS sont associés avec une satisfaction accrue des usagers par rapport aux EMS qui n'ont pas été construits selon ces directives. "Le but de la présente étude est de vérifier si le fait de construire les EMS selon les DAEMS est associé avec une plus grande satisfaction chez les usagers par rapport aux EMS qui n'ont pas été construits selon les DAEMS. Nous avons effectué une comparaison de la satisfaction auprès des trois-publics qui sont les principaux usagers des EMS, à savoir les résident-e-s, leurs proches de référence, et les professionnel-le-s en EMS. Trente EMS ont participé à l'étude, à savoir dix construits selon les DAEMS (EMS « DAEMS »), et vingt qui n'ont pas été construits selon les DAEMS (EMS « non-DAEMS »). Ce rapport a été défini pour garantir une bonne validité statistique des résultats"
Published: 2016

23. [OP.2A.02] UROMODULIN MODULATES THE EFFECT OF SALT ON BLOOD PRESSURE IN THE GENERAL POPULATION

Author: Ponte, B., primary, Pruijm, M., additional, Guessous, I., additional, Ackermann, D., additional, Ehret, G., additional, Mohaupt, M., additional, Paccaud, F., additional, Vogt, B., additional, Martin, P.Y., additional, Pechere-Berstschi, A., additional, Burnier, M., additional, Devuyst, O., additional, and Bochud, M., additional
Published: 2016
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24. Prevalence and determinants of chronic kidney disease in the Swiss population

Author: Forni, Ogna, primary, Ogna, A, additional, Ponte, B, additional, Gabutti, L, additional, Binet, I, additional, Conen, D, additional, Erne, P, additional, Gallino, A, additional, Guessous, I, additional, Hayoz, D, additional, Muggli, F, additional, Paccaud, F, additional, Péchère-Bertschi, A, additional, Suter, PM, additional, Bochud, M, additional, and Burnier, M, additional
Published: 2016
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25. Development of elderly patient safety indicators using Swiss and French administrative linked data

Author: Le Pogam, MA, primary, Burnand, B, additional, Quantin, C, additional, Tuppin, P, additional, Reich, O, additional, Fagot-Campagna, A, additional, and Paccaud, F, additional
Published: 2015
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26. 4B.05

Author: Canivell, S., primary, Ponte, B., additional, Pruijm, M., additional, Ackermann, D., additional, Guessous, I., additional, Ehret, G., additional, Paccaud, F., additional, Pechere-Bertschi, A., additional, Mohaupt, M., additional, Vogt, B., additional, Burnier, M., additional, Devuyst, O., additional, Martin, P.Y., additional, and Bochud, M., additional
Published: 2015
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27. 1C.06

Author: Guessous, I., primary, Pruijm, M., additional, Ponte, B., additional, Ehret, G., additional, Ansermot, N., additional, Vuistiner, P., additional, Staessen, J.A., additional, Gu, Y.M., additional, Paccaud, F., additional, Mohaupt, M.G., additional, Vogt, B., additional, Pechère-Berstchi, A., additional, Martin, P.Y., additional, Burnier, M., additional, Eap, C.B., additional, and Bochud, M., additional
Published: 2015
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28. PP.02.40

Author: Petrovic, D., primary, Guessous, I., additional, Pruijm, M., additional, Ponte, B., additional, Ackermann, D., additional, Estoppey-Younès, S., additional, Péchère-Bertschi, A., additional, Paccaud, F., additional, Vogt, B., additional, Mohaupt, M., additional, Martin, P., additional, Burnier, M., additional, Eap, C.B., additional, and Bochud, M., additional
Published: 2015
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29. 1D.03

Author: Pivin, E., primary, Pruijm, M., additional, Ackermann, D., additional, Guessous, I., additional, Ehret, G., additional, Pechère-Bertschi, A., additional, Paccaud, F., additional, Mohaupt, M., additional, Vermeer, C., additional, Staessen, J.A., additional, Vogt, B., additional, Martin, P., additional, Burnier, M., additional, Bochud, M., additional, and Ponte, B., additional
Published: 2015
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30. 5C.09

Author: Moulin, F., primary, Ponte, B., additional, Pruijm, M., additional, Ackermann, D., additional, Guessous, I., additional, Ehret, G., additional, Bonny, O., additional, Pechere-Bertschi, A., additional, Staessen, J. A., additional, Paccaud, F., additional, Mohaupt, M., additional, Martin, P.Y., additional, Burnier, M., additional, Vogt, B., additional, Devuyst, O., additional, and Bochud, M., additional
Published: 2015
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31. National trends in total cholesterol obscure heterogeneous changes in HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio : a pooled analysis of 458 population-based studies in Asian and Western countries

Author: NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), [missing], Taddei, Cristina, Jackson, Rod, Zhou, Bin, Bixby, Honor, Danaei, Goodarz, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Kuulasmaa, Kari, Hajifathalian, Kaveh, Bentham, James, Bennett, James E, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Cifkova, Renata, Dallongeville, Jean, DeBacquer, Dirk, Giampaoli, Simona, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Khang, Young-Ho, Laatikainen, Tiina, Mann, JimI, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Mensah, George A, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Petkeviciene, Janina, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Servais, Jennifer, Söderberg, Stefan, Stavreski, Bill, Wilsgaard, Tom, Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Zhao, Dong, Stevens, Gretchen A, Savin, Stefan, Cowan, Melanie J, Riley, Leanne M, Ezzati, Majid, Adams, Robert J, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Amouyel, Philippe, Amuzu, Antoinette, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Ariansen, Inger, Arveiler, Dominique, Aspelund, Thor, Auvinen, Juha, Avdicová, Mária, Banach, Maciej, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, José R, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Bata, Iqbal, Baur, Louise A, Beaglehole, Robert, Bernotiene, Gailute, Bi, Yufang, Bienek, Asako, Björkelund, Cecilia, Bo, Simona, Boehm, Bernhard O, Bonaccio, Marialaura, Bongard, Vanina, Borchini, Rossana, Borghs, Herman, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Brenner, Hermann, Bruno, Graziella, Busch, Markus A, Cabrera de León, Antonio, Capuano, Vincenzo, Casanueva, Felipe F, Casas, Juan-Pablo, Caserta, Carmelo A, Censi, Laura, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Shuohua, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Cho, Belong, Cho, Yumi, Chudek, Jerzy, Claessens, Frank, Clarke, Janine, Clays, Els, Cooper, Cyrus, Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Crujeiras, Ana B, Cui, Liufu, D'Arrigo, Graziella, Dauchet, Luc, De Backer, Guy, De Bacquer, Dirk, de Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, De Smedt, Delphine, Dennison, Elaine, Deschamps, Valérie, DiCastelnuovo, Augusto, Dobson, Annette J, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Döring, Angela, Drygas, Wojciech, Du, Yong, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta, Eggertsen, Robert, Ekelund, Ulf, Elosua, Roberto, Eriksson, Johan G, Evans, Alun, Faeh, David, Felix-Redondo, Francisco J, Fernández-Bergés, Daniel, Ferrari, Marika, Ferrieres, Jean, Finn, Joseph D, Forslund, Ann-Sofie, Forsner, Maria, Frontera, Guillermo, Fujita, Yuki, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Galvano, Fabio, Gao, Jingli, Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli, Garnett, Sarah P, Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Gasull, Magda, Gates, Louise, Gianfagna, Francesco, Gill, Tiffany K, Giovannelli, Jonathan, Goltzman, David, GonzalezGross, Marcela, Gottrand, Frederic, Graff-Iversen, Sidsel, Grafnetter, Dušan, Gregor, Ronald D, Grodzicki, Tomasz, Grosso, Giuseppe, Gruden, Grabriella, Gu, Dongfeng, Guallar-Castillón, Pilar, Gudmundsson, Elias F, Guessous, Idris, Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna, Gutzwiller, Felix, Hardy, Rebecca, Hata, Jun, Haugsgjerd, Teresa, Hayes, Alison J, He, Jiang, He, Yuna, Herrala, Sauli, TapaniHihtaniemi, Ilpo, Hobbs, Michael, Hopman, Wilma M, MaríaHuerta, José, Huybrechts, Inge, Iacoviello, Licia, Iannone, Anna G, Ikeda, Nayu, Iwasaki, Masanori, Jamrozik, Konrad, Janszky, Imre, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jasienska, Grazyna, Jennings, Garry, Jeong, Seung-lyeal, QiangJiang, Chao, Joffres, Michel, Jokelainen, Jari J, Jonas, Jost B, Jóźwiak, Jacek, Kajantie, Eero O, Kauhanen, Jussi, Keil, Ulrich, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kersting, Mathilde, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Kiechl, Stefan, Kim, Jeongseon, Kim, Yeon-Yong, Klumbiene, Jurate, Knoflach, Michael, Ko, Stephanie, Kolle, Elin, Korpelainen, Raija, Koskinen, Seppo, Kouda, Katsuyasu, Kratzer, Wolfgang, Kriemler, Susi, Krokstad, Steinar, Kujala, Urho M, Kurjata, Pawel, HingLam, Tai, Lanska, Vera, Lappas, Georg, Laugsand, Lars E, Lee, Jeonghee, Lehtimäki, Terho, Li, Yanping, Lilly, Christa L, Lin, Xu, Lind, Lars, Lissner, Lauren, Liu, Jing, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, Lorbeer, Roberto, EugenioLozano, José, Luksiene, Dalia, Lundqvist, Annamari, Lundqvist, Robert, Lytsy, Per, Ma, Guansheng, Machi, Suka, Maggi, Stefania, Magliano, Dianna J, Manzato, Enzo, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B, McLachlan, Stela, McLean, Rachael M, McLean, Scott B, Meirhaeghe, Aline, Meisinger, Christa, Metcalf, Patricia, Mi, Jie, Miller, Jody C, Moreno, Luis A, Morin, Suzanne, Mossakowska, Malgorzata, Muiesan, Maria L, Mursu, Jaakko, Nakamura, Harunobu, Námešná, Jana, Nauck, Matthias, MariaNavarrete-Muñoz, Eva, Neal, William A, Nenko, Ilona, Niiranen, Teemu J, Ning, Guang, Noale, Marianna, Norie, Sawada, Noto, Davide, O'Neill, Terence, O'Reilly, Dermot, Oh, Kyungwon, Olafsson, Örn, MichelPaccaud, Fred, Pajak, Andrzej, Palmieri, Luigi, Panza, Francesco, Parnell, Winsome R, Peltonen, Markku, Peters, Annette, Petersmann, Astrid, Pigeot, Iris, Pilotto, Lorenza, Piwonska, Aleksandra, Plans-Rubió, Pedro, Porta, Miquel, Price, Jacqueline F, Puder, Jardena J, Puhakka, Soile E, Radisauskas, Ricardas, Raitakari, Olli, Ramos, Rafel, Redon, Josep, Rigo, Fernando, Rodriguez-Perez, MaríadelCristo, Romaguera, Dora, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Rosengren, Annika, Roy, Joel G R, Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard, Rutkowski, Marcin, Salanave, Benoit, Salmerón, Diego, Salomaa, Veikko, Salonen, Jukka T, Salvetti, Massimo, Sans, Susana, Saramies, Jouko L, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Scheidt-Nave, Christa, Schienkiewitz, Anja, Schipf, Sabine, Schmidt, Carsten O, Schöttker, Ben, Sebert, Sylvain, Sen, Abhijit, Shaw, Jonathan E, Shibuya, Kenji, WookShin, Dong, Shiri, Rahman, Simons, Judith, Simons, Leon A, Sjöström, Michael, Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta, Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Sonestedt, Emily, Soumare, Aicha, Staessen, Jan A, Stathopoulou, Maria G, Steene-Johannessen, Jostein, Stehle, Peter, Stieber, Jutta, Stöckl, Doris, Stokwiszewski, Jakub, Sundström, Johan, Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, JooTan, Eng, Taylor, Anne, Tell, Grethe, Thijs, Lutgarde, Tolonen, HannaK, Topór-Madry, Roman, JoséTormo, María, Torrent, Maties, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Tzourio, Christophe, Uusitalo, Hannu M T, Van Herck, Koen, Vanderschueren, Dirk, Vanuzzo, Diego, Vatten, Lars, Vega, Tomas, Veronesi, Giovanni, Vioque, Jesus, Virtanen, JyrkiK, Visvikis-Siest, Sophie, Vollenweider, Peter, Voutilainen, Sari, Vrijheid, Martine, Wagner, Aline, Wagner, Anne, Wang, Ming-Dong, Wang, Qian, XingWang, Ya, Wannamethee, S Goya, Wei, Wenbin, Whincup, Peter H, Wiecek, Andrzej, Willeit, Johann, Willeit, Peter, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wong, Andrew, Woodward, Mark, GiwercmanWu, Aleksander, Wu, Frederick C, Wu, Shouling, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yan, Weili, Yang, Xiaoguang, Ye, Xingwang, Yoshihara, Akihiro, Zambon, Sabina, Zhao, Wenhua, Imperial College London, University of Auckland [Auckland], Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Middlesex University, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Weill Medical College of Cornell University [New York], University of Kent [Canterbury], Mahidol University [Bangkok], Charles University [Prague] (CU), Epidémiologie des maladies chroniques : impact des interactions gène environnement sur la santé des populations, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Icelandic Heart Association [Kopavogur, Iceland] (IHA), Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Kyushu University [Fukuoka], Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Umeå University, The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Medical University of Gdańsk, Capital University of Medical Sciences [Beijing] (CUMS), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), University of Adelaide, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Leibniz Association, Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies liées au Vieillissement - U 1167 (RID-AGE), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Norwegian School of Sport Sciences = Norges idrettshøgskole [Oslo] (NIH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo] (NIPH), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), University of Iceland [Reykjavik], University of Oulu, Regional Authority of Public Health [Slovaquia] (RAPH), Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic [Slovaquia], Medical University of Łódź (MUL), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Dalhousie University [Halifax], The University of Sydney, Public Health Agency of Canada, University of Gothenburg (GU), University of Turin, Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (NEUROMED I.R.C.C.S.), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome]-Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Faculté de Médecine [Rangueil], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Universität Bielefeld = Bielefeld University, German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Robert Koch Institute [Berlin] (RKI), Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Silesia in Katowice, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), University of Southampton, Biomolécules et inflammation pulmonaire, Service d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique [Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], University of Queensland [Brisbane], IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Generalitat de Catalunya, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Epidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps (LEASP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, University of Manchester [Manchester], Kindai University, Medical University of Warsaw - Poland, Università degli studi di Catania [Catania], Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Lille Inflammation Research International Center - U 995 (LIRIC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), University of Bergen (UiB), Tulane University, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Oulu University Hospital [Oulu], The University of Western Australia (UWA), Centre International de Recherche contre le Cancer - International Agency for Research on Cancer (CIRC - IARC), Niigata University, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Simon Fraser University (SFU.ca), University of Eastern Finland, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Innsbruck Medical University [Austria] (IMU), Universitätsklinikum Ulm - University Hospital of Ulm, University of Jyväskylä (JYU), The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg [Göteborg], Tampere University Hospital, University of Tampere [Finland], West Virginia University [Morgantown], University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), Uppsala Universitet [Uppsala], Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, Peking University [Shenzhen], The Jikei University School of Medicine, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute (AUSTRALIA), Universita degli Studi di Padova, University of Edinburgh, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology [Warsaw] (IIMCB), Università degli Studi di Brescia [Brescia], Konan University [Kobe, Japan], University of Turku, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London-School of public health, The University of Hong Kong (HKU)-The University of Hong Kong (HKU), Department of Emergency and Cardiovascular Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Department of Epidemiology, Health Economics and Public Health, UMR 558 INSERM, Université de Toulouse, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Unité de Surveillance et d'Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (USEN), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain, parent, Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, Institute for plasma research, Institute for Plasma Research, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Center, Lund University [Lund]-Lund University [Lund], Neuroépidémiologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Applied Food Science, Department of Medical Sciences and Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University Hospital, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology [Louvain, Belgique], Studies Coordinating Centre [Louvain, Belgique], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)-Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), National Cancer Center, University of Kuopio, Epidémiologie cardiovasculaire et métabolique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Tampere University, Department of Andrology and Endocrinology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad Miguel Hernández [Elche] (UMH), Interactions Gène-Environnement en Physiopathologie Cardio-Vasculaire (IGE-PCV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Department of Internal Medicine, School of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Epidemiologia Ambiental, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL)-Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) of Pamplona-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, EA 3430, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Medical University of Silesia (SUM), University of Innsbruck, National Institute of Hygiene Warsaw, The Georges Institute for International Health, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Grant numbers 101506/Z/13/Z and Research Training Fellowship 203616/Z/16/Z, Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (grant number 15-27109A), UAM. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública y Microbiología, HUS Children and Adolescents, Department of Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), Taddei, C, Zhou, B, Bixby, H, Danaei, G, Di Cesare, M, Kuulasmaa, K, Hajifathalian, K, Bentham, J, Bennett, JE, Aekplakorn, W, Cifkova, R, Dallongeville, J, DeBacquer, D, Giampaoli, S, Gudnason, V, Khang, Y-O, Laatikainen, T, Mann, JI, Marques-Vidal, P, Mensah, GA, Müller-Nurasyid, M, Ninomiya, T, Petkeviciene, J, Rodríguez-Artalejo, F, Servais, J, Söderberg, S, Stavreski, B, Wilsgaard, T, Zdrojewski, T, Zhao, D, Stevens, GA, Savin, S, Cowan, Mj, Riley, LM, Ezzati, M, Adams, R, Ahrens, W, Amouyel, P, Amuzu, A, Anderssen, SA, Ariansen, I, Arveiler, D, Aspelund, T, Auvinen, A, Avdicová, M, Banach, M, Bandosz, P, Banegas. JR, Barbagallo, CM, Bata, I, Baur, LA, Beaglehole, R, Bennet, JE, Bernotiene, G, Bi, Y, Bienek, A, Björkelund, C, Bo, S, Boehm, BO, Bonaccio, M, Bongard, V, Borchini, R, Borghs, H, Breckenkamp, J, Brenner, H, Bruno, G, Busch, MA, CabreradeLeón, A, Capuano, V, Casanueva, FF, Casas, J-P, Caserta, CA, Censi, L, Chen, F, Chen, S, Chirlaque, M-D, Cho, B, Cho, Y, Chudek, J, Claessens, F, Clarke, J, Clays, E, Cooper, C, Costanzo, S, Cottel, D, Cowell C, Crujeiras, AB, Cui, L, D'Arrigo, G, Dauchet, L, De Backer, G, De Bacquer, D, de Gaetano, G, De Henauw, S, De Smedt, D, Dennison, E, Desschamps, V, Di Castelnuovo, A, Dobson, AJ, Donfrancesco, C, Döring, A, Doua, K, Drygas, W, Du, Y, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E, Eggertsen, R, Ekelund, U, Elousa, R, Eriksson, JG, Evans, A, Faeh, D, Felix-Redondo, FJ, Fernández-Bergés, D, Ferrari, M, Ferrieres, J, Finn, JD, Forslund, A-S, Forsner, M, Frontera, G, Fujita, Y, Gaciong, Z, Galvano, F, Gao, J, Garcia-de-la-Hera, M, Garnett, SP, Gaspoz, J-M, Gasul, L, Gates, L, Gianfagna, F, Gill, TK, Giovannelli, J, Goltzman, D, GonzalezGross, M, Gottrand, F, Graff-Iversen, S, Grafnetter, D, Gregor, RD, Grodzicki, T, Grosso, G, Gruden, G, Gu, D, Guallar-Castillón, P, Gudmundsson, EF, Guessous, I, Gunnlaugsdottir J, Gutzwiller, F, Hardy, R, Hata, J, Haugsgjerd, T, Hayes, AJ, He, H, He, Y, Herrala, S, Hihtaniemi, IP, Hobbs, M, Hopman, WM, Huerta, JM, Huybrechts, I, Iacoviello, L, Iannone, AG, Ikeda, N, Iwasaki, M, Jackson, R, Jamrozi, K, Janszky, I, Jarvelin, M-R, Jasienska, G, Jennings, G, Jeong, S-L, Jiang, CQ, Joffres, M, Jokelainen, JJ, Jonas, JB, Jóźwiak, J, Kajantie, EO, Kauhanen, K, Keil, U, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S, Kersting, M, Khang, Y-H, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U, Kiechl, S, Kim, J, Kim, Y-Y, Klumbiene, J, Knoflach, M, Ko, S, Kolle, E, Korpelainen, R, Koskinen, S, Kouda, K, Kratzer, W, Kriemler, S, Krokstad, S, Kujala,UM, Kurjata, P, Lam, TH, Lanska, V, Lappas , G, Laugsand, LE, Lee, J, Lehtimäki, T, Li, Y, Lilly, C, Lin, X, Lind, L, Lissner, L, Liu, J, Lopez-Garcia, E, Lorbeer, R, Lozano, JE, Luksiene, D, Lundqvist, A, Lundqvist, R, Lytsy, P, Ma, G, Machi, S, Maggi, S, Magliano, DJ, Manzato, E, Mathiesen, EB, McLachlan, S, McLean, RM, Meirhaeghe, A, Metcalf, P, Mi, JM, Miller, JC, Moreno, LA, Morin, S, Mossakowska, M, Muiesan, ML, Mursu, J, Nakamura, H, Námešná, J, Navarrete-Muñoz, EM, Neal, WA, Nenko, I, Niiranen, T, Ning, G, Noale, M, Norie, S, Noto, Davide, O’Neill, T, O'Reilly, D, Oh, K, Olafsson, O, Paccaud, F, Pajak, A, Palmieri, L, Panza, F, Parnell, WR, Peltonen, M, Peters, A, Petersmann, A, P Pigeot, I, Pilotto, L, Piwonska, A, Pedro Plans-Rubió, P, Porta, M, Price, JF, Puder, JJ, Puhakka, SE, Radisauskas, R, Raitakari, O, Ramos, R, Redon, J, Rigo, F, Rodriguez-Perez, MdC, Romaguera, D, Ronkainen, K, Rosengren, A, Roy, JGR, Ruidavets, JB, Rutkowski, M, Salanave, B, Salmeron, D, Salomaa, V, Salonen, JT, Salvetti, M, Sans, S, Saramies, JL, Saum, K-U, Scheidt-Nave, C, Schienkiewitz, A, Schipf, S, Schmidt, CO, 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H., Danaei, G., Di Cesare, M., Kuulasmaa, K., Hajifathalian, K., Bentham, J., Bennett, J.E., Aekplakorn, W., Cifkova, R., Dallongeville, J., DeBacquer, D., Giampaoli, S., Gudnason, V., Khang, Y.H., Laatikainen, T., Mann, J., Marques-Vidal, P., Mensah, G.A., Müller-Nurasyid, M., Ninomiya, T., Petkeviciene, J., Rodríguez-Artalejo, F., Servais, J., Söderberg, S., Stavreski, B., Wilsgaard, T., Zdrojewski, T., Zhao, D., Stevens, G.A., Savin, S., Cowan, M.J., Riley, L.M., Ezzati, M., Adams, R.J., Ahrens, W., Amouyel, P., Amuzu, A., Anderssen, S.A., Ariansen, I., Arveiler, D., Aspelund, T., Auvinen, J., Avdicová, M., Banach, M., Bandosz, P., Banegas, J.R., Barbagallo, C.M., Bata, I., Baur, L.A., Beaglehole, R., Bernotiene, G., Bi, Y., Bienek, A., Björkelund, C., Bo, S., Boehm, B.O., Bonaccio, M., Bongard, V., Borchini, R., Borghs, H., Breckenkamp, J., Brenner, H., Bruno, G., Busch, M.A., Cabrera de León, A., Capuano, V., Casanueva, F.F., Casas, J.P., Caserta, C.A., Censi, L., Chen, F., Chen, S., Chirlaque, M.D., Cho, B., Cho, Y., Chudek, J., Claessens, F., Clarke, J., Clays, E., Cooper, C., Costanzo, S., Cottel, D., Cowell, C., Crujeiras, A.B., Cui, L., D'Arrigo, G., Dauchet, L., De Backer, G., De Bacquer, D., de Gaetano, G., De Henauw, S., De Smedt, D., Dennison, E., Deschamps, V., DiCastelnuovo, A., Dobson, A.J., Donfrancesco, C., Döring, A., Drygas, W., Du, Y., Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E., Eggertsen, R., Ekelund, U., Elosua, R., Eriksson, J.G., Evans, A., Faeh, D., Felix-Redondo, F.J., Fernández-Bergés, D., Ferrari, M., Ferrieres, J., Finn, J.D., Forslund, A.S., Forsner, M., Frontera, G., Fujita, Y., Gaciong, Z., Galvano, F., Gao, J., Garcia-de-la-Hera, M., Garnett, S.P., Gaspoz, J.M., Gasull, M., Gates, L., Gianfagna, F., Gill, T.K., Giovannelli, J., Goltzman, D., GonzalezGross, M., Gottrand, F., Graff-Iversen, S., Grafnetter, D., Gregor, R.D., Grodzicki, T., Grosso, G., Gruden, G., Gu, D., Guallar-Castillón, P., Gudmundsson, E.F., Guessous, I., Gunnlaugsdottir, J., Gutzwiller, F., Hardy, R., Hata, J., Haugsgjerd, T., Hayes, A.J., He, J., He, Y., Herrala, S., TapaniHihtaniemi, I., Hobbs, M., Hopman, W.M., MaríaHuerta, J., Huybrechts, I., Iacoviello, L., Iannone, A.G., Ikeda, N., Iwasaki, M., Jamrozik, K., Janszky, I., Jarvelin, M.R., Jasienska, G., Jennings, G., Jeong, S.L., QiangJiang, C., Joffres, M., Jokelainen, J.J., Jonas, J.B., Jóźwiak, J., Kajantie, E.O., Kauhanen, J., Keil, U., Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S., Kersting, M., Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, U., Kiechl, S., Kim, J., Kim, Y.Y., Klumbiene, J., Knoflach, M., Ko, S., Kolle, E., Korpelainen, R., Koskinen, S., Kouda, K., Kratzer, W., Kriemler, S., Krokstad, S., Kujala, U.M., Kurjata, P., HingLam, T., Lanska, V., Lappas, G., Laugsand, L.E., Lee, J., Lehtimäki, T., Li, Y., Lilly, C.L., Lin, X., Lind, L., Lissner, L., Liu, J., Lopez-Garcia, E., Lorbeer, R., EugenioLozano, J., Luksiene, D., Lundqvist, A., Lundqvist, R., Lytsy, P., Ma, G., Machi, S., Maggi, S., Magliano, D.J., Manzato, E., Mathiesen, E.B., McLachlan, S., McLean, R.M., McLean, S.B., Meirhaeghe, A., Meisinger, C., Metcalf, P., Mi, J., Miller, J.C., Moreno, L.A., Morin, S., Mossakowska, M., Muiesan, M.L., Mursu, J., Nakamura, H., Námešná, J., Nauck, M., MariaNavarrete-Muñoz, E., Neal, W.A., Nenko, I., Niiranen, T.J., Ning, G., Noale, M., Norie, S., Noto, D., O'Neill, T., O'Reilly, D., Oh, K., Olafsson, Ö., MichelPaccaud, F., Pajak, A., Palmieri, L., Panza, F., Parnell, W.R., Peltonen, M., Peters, A., Petersmann, A., Pigeot, I., Pilotto, L., Piwonska, A., Plans-Rubió, P., Porta, M., Price, J.F., Puder, J.J., Puhakka, S.E., Radisauskas, R., Raitakari, O., Ramos, R., Redon, J., Rigo, F., Rodriguez-Perez, M., Romaguera, D., Ronkainen, K., Rosengren, A., Ruidavets, J.B., Rutkowski, M., Salanave, B., Salmerón, D., Salomaa, V., Salonen, J.T., Salvetti, M., Sans, S., Saramies, J.L., Saum, K.U., Scheidt-Nave, C., Schienkiewitz, A., Schipf, S., Schmidt, C.O., Schöttker, B., Sebert, S., Sen, A., Shaw, J.E., Shibuya, K., WookShin, D., Shiri, R., Simons, J., Simons, L.A., Sjöström, M., Slowikowska-Hilczer, J., Slusarczyk, P., Solfrizzi, V., Sonestedt, E., Soumare, A., Staessen, J.A., Stathopoulou, M.G., Steene-Johannessen, J., Stehle, P., Stieber, J., Stöckl, D., Stokwiszewski, J., Sundström, J., Suriyawongpaisal, P., Tamosiunas, A., JooTan, E., Taylor, A., Tell, G., Thijs, L., Tolonen, H., Topór-Madry, R., JoséTormo, M., Torrent, M., Tsugane, S., Tuomainen, T.P., Tuomilehto, J., Tzourio, C., Van Herck, K., Vanderschueren, D., Vanuzzo, D., Vatten, L., Vega, T., Veronesi, G., Vioque, J., Virtanen, J., Visvikis-Siest, S., Vollenweider, P., Voutilainen, S., Vrijheid, M., Wagner, A., Wang, M.D., Wang, Q., XingWang, Y., Wannamethee, S.G., Wei, W., Whincup, P.H., Wiecek, A., Willeit, J., Willeit, P., Wojtyniak, B., Wong, A., Woodward, M., GiwercmanWu, A., Wu, F.C., Wu, S., Xu, H., Xu, L., Yan, W., Yang, X., Ye, X., Yoshihara, A., Zambon, S., Zhao, W., Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Kyushu University, The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA)-University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Università degli studi di Catania = University of Catania (Unict), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Università degli Studi di Brescia = University of Brescia (UniBs), Service Epidémiologie clinique et santé publique [CHU Toulouse], Pôle Santé publique et médecine publique [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene [Poland], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, University of Helsinki, National Institute for Health and Welfare, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, and University of Helsinki, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health
Subjects: Male, gupo de ascendencia continental asiática, Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna, Total Cholesterol, Ldl Cholesterol, Hdl Cholesterol, Blood Lipids, Multi-country Study, Epidemiology, kolesteroli, humanos, Blood lipids, BLOOD-PRESSURE, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, triglicéridos, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, High-density lipoprotein, HDL cholesterol, Medicine and Health Sciences, CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, mediana edad, lípidos, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, 2. Zero hunger, anciano, education.field_of_study, Age Factors, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, Middle Aged, colesterol, adulto, kansainvälinen vertailu, Lipids, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3. Good health, Europe, Cholesterol, Population Surveillance, LDL cholesterol, SERUM-LIPIDS, Female, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Adult, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Canada, Total cholesterol, blood lipids, multi-country study, medicine.medical_specialty, Asia, Medicina, European Continental Ancestry Group, Population, Nursing, HDL-kolesteroli, White People, DIETARY-FAT, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, Asian People, kansanterveys, vigilancia de la población, Humans, CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE, ddc:610, LDL-kolesteroli, education, Triglycerides, METAANALYSIS, Aged, INDIVIDUAL DATA, Science & Technology, business.industry, Omvårdnad, blood lipid, Cholesterol, HDL, Ecological study, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Cholesterol, LDL, United States, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Cholesterol/blood, Lipids/blood, Population Surveillance/methods, Triglycerides/blood, chemistry, WORLDWIDE TRENDS, Multi-country study, grupo de ascendencia continental europea, business, HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Demography, Lipoprotein
Abstract: Artículo con numerosos autores. Sólo quedan reflejados el primero, los pertenecientes a la UAM y el colectivo, Background: Although high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and non-HDL cholesterol have opposite associations with coronary heart disease, multi-country reports of lipid trends only use total cholesterol (TC). Our aim was to compare trends in total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio in Asian and Western countries. Methods: We pooled 458 population-based studies with 82.1 million participants in 23 Asian and Western countries. We estimated changes in mean total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio by country, sex and age group. Results: Since ∼1980, mean TC increased in Asian countries. In Japan and South Korea, the TC rise was due to rising HDL cholesterol, which increased by up to 0.17 mmol/L per decade in Japanese women; in China, it was due to rising non-HDL cholesterol. TC declined in Western countries, except in Polish men. The decline was largest in Finland and Norway, at ∼0.4 mmol/L per decade. The decline in TC in most Western countries was the net effect of an increase in HDL cholesterol and a decline in non-HDL cholesterol, with the HDL cholesterol increase largest in New Zealand and Switzerland. Mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio declined in Japan, South Korea and most Western countries, by as much as ∼0.7 per decade in Swiss men (equivalent to ∼26% decline in coronary heart disease risk per decade). The ratio increased in China. Conclusions: HDL cholesterol has risen and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio has declined in many Western countries, Japan and South Korea, with only a weak correlation with changes in TC or non-HDL cholesterol., This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust (grant numbers 101506/Z/13/Z and Research Training Fellowship 203616/Z/16/Z). R.C. acknowledges funding from the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (grant number 15-27109A)
Published: 2020
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32. Use of healthcare services and assistive devices among centenarians: Results of the cross-sectional, international5-COOP study

Author: Marie Herr, Julien Dupraz, Karen Andersen-Ranberg, Stefan Fors, Francois R Herrmann, Tomoko Wakui, Bernard Jeune, Jean-Marie Robine, Yasuhiko Saito, Anna Oksuzyan, Frederic Balard, Yasumichi Arai, Nobuyoshi Hirose, Yukie Masui, Hiroki Inagaki, Yasuyuki Gondo, Kei Kamide, Craig Willcox, Ikuya Ashitomi, Shotoku Yasura, Makoto Suzuki, Marti Parker, Mats Thorslund, Bettina Meinow, Fred Paccaud, Dina Zekri, Vieillissement et Maladies chroniques : approches épidémiologique et de santé publique (VIMA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), AXA Research Fund, AXA Université de Lausanne, UNIL, Funding of the present research was provided by the operating budget of the Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Switzerland. Three preparatory international seminars of the 5-COOP study were supported by the CERA (Caisse d’Epargne Rhône-Alpes) Foundation. Data collection was supported by the AXA Research Fund. The conception of the 5-COOP study was independent from the sponsors., 5-COOP group, Christensen, K., Oksuzyan, A., Balard, F., Arai, Y., Hirose, N., Masui, Y., Inagaki, H., Gondo, Y., Kamide, K., Willcox, C., Ashitomi, I., Yasura, S., Suzuki, M., Parker, M., Thorslund, M., Meinow, B., Paccaud, F., and Zekri, D.
Subjects: Gerontology, Male, healthcare systems, Denmark, MEDLINE, assistive devices, centenarians, health services use, international comparison, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Japan, 030502 gerontology, Health care, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, 80 and over, Sweden, Measure (data warehouse), business.industry, General Medicine, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Self-Help Devices, Cross-Sectional Studies, ddc:618.97, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Health Services Research, France, 0305 other medical science, business, Switzerland, Healthcare system
Abstract: ObjectivesTo measure the use of healthcare services and assistive devices by centenarians in five countries.DesignCross-sectional study using a survey questionnaire.SettingCommunity-dwelling and institutionalised centenarians living in Japan, France, Switzerland, Sweden and Denmark.Participants1253 participants aged 100 or in their 100th year of life, of whom 1004 (80.1%) were female and 596 (47.6%) lived in institutions.Main outcome measuresRecent use of medical visits, nursing care at home, home-delivered meals, acute care hospital stays overnight, professional assessments such as sight tests, mobility aids and other assistive devices. A set of national healthcare system indicators was collected to help interpret differences between countries.ResultsThere was considerable variability in the healthcare services and assistive devices used by centenarians depending on their country and whether they were community-dwelling or institutionalised. In contrast to the relatively homogeneous rates of hospitalisation in the past year (around 20%), community-dwelling centenarians reported widely ranging rates of medical visits in the past 3 months (at least one visit, from 32.2% in Japan to 86.6% in France). The proportion of community-dwellers using a mobility device to get around indoors (either a walking aid or a wheelchair) ranged from 48.3% in Japan to 79.2% in Sweden. Participants living in institutions and reporting the use of a mobility device ranged from 78.6% in Japan to 98.2% in Denmark.ConclusionsOur findings suggest major differences in care received by centenarians across countries. Some may result from the characteristics of national healthcare systems, especially types of healthcare insurance coverage and the amounts of specific resources available. However, unexplored factors also seem to be at stake and may be partly related to personal health and cultural differences.
Published: 2020
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33. Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: a pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19.2 million participants

Author: Cesare, Mariachiara Di, Bentham, James, Stevens, Gretchen A., Zhou, Bin, Danaei, Goodarz, Lu, Yuan, Bixby, Honor, Cowan, Melanie J., Riley, Leanne M., Hajifathalian, Kaveh, Fortunato, Lea, Taddei, C., Bennett, James E., Ikeda, Nayu, Khang, Young-Ho, Kyobutungi, Catherine, Laxmaiah, Avula, Li, Yanping, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Miranda, J. Jaime, Mostafa, Aya, Turley, Maria L., Paciorek, Christopher J., Gunter, Marc, Ezzati, Majid, Abdeen, Ziad A., Hamid, Zargar Abdul, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M., Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adams, Robert, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A., Agyemang, Charles, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Ali, Farhan, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar, Aly, Eman, Amouyel, Philippe, Amuzu, Antoinette, Andersen, Lars Bo, Anderssen, Sigmund A., Andrade, Dolores S., Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Ariansen, Inger, Aris, Tahir, Arlappa, Nimmathota, Arveiler, Dominique, Assah, Felix K., Avdicova, Maria, Azizi, Fereidoun, Babu, Bontha V., Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, Jose R., Barbagallo, Carlo M., Barcelo, Alberto, Barkat, Amina, Barros, Mauro V., Bata, Iqbal, Batieha, Anwar M., Batista, Rosangela L., Baur, Louise A., Beaglehole, Robert, Romdhane, H. B., Benet, Mikhail, Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio, Bernotine, Gailute, Bettiol, Heloisa, Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor, Bharadwaj, Sumit, Bhargava, Santosh K., Bhatti, Zaid, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Bi, HongSheng, Bi, Yufang, Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjertness, Espen, Bjertness, Marius B., Bjorkelund, Cecilia, Blake, Margaret, Blokstra, Anneke, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Boddy, Lynne M., Boehm, Bernhard O., Boeing, Heiner, Boissonnet, Carlos P., Bongard, Vanina, Bovet, Pascal, Bradbury, Mark, Bragt, Marjolijn C. E., Brajkovich, Imperia, Branca, Francesco, Breckenkamp, Juergen, Brenner, Hermann, Brewster, Lizzy M., Brian, Garry R., Bruno, Graziella, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Bugge, Anna, Burns, C., Leon, Antonio Cabrera de, Cacciottolo, Joseph, Cama, Tilema, Cameron, Christine, Camolas, Jose, Can, Gunay, Candido, Ana Paula C., Capuano, Vincenzo, Cardoso, Viviane C., Carvalho, Maria J., Casanueva, Felipe F., Casas, Juan-Pablo, Caserta, Carmelo A., Castetbon, Katia, Chamukuttan, Snehalatha, Chan, Angelique W., Chan, Queenie, Chaturvedi, Himanshu K., Chaturvedi, Nishi, Chen, Chien-Jen, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Shuohua, Chen, Y. Z., Cheng, Ching-Yu, Chetrit, Angela, Chiolero, Arnaud, Chiou, Shu-Ti, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Cho, Yumi, Christensen, Kaare, Chudek, Jerzy, Cifkova, Renata, Claessens, Frank, Clays, Els, Concin, Hans, Cooper, Cyrus, Cooper, Rachel, Coppinger, Tara C., Costanzo, Simona, Cottel, Dominique, Cowell, Chris, Craig, Cora L., Crujeiras, Ana B., D'Arrigo, Graziella, d'Orsi, Eleonora, Dallongeville, Jean, Damasceno, Albertino, Damsgaard, Camilla T., Dankner, Rachel, Dauchet, Luc, Backer, Guy De, Bacquer, Dirk De, Gaetano, Giovanni de, Hanauw, Stefaan De, Smedt, Delphine De, Deepa, Mohan, Deev, Alexander D., Dehghan, Abbas, Delisle, Helene, Delpeuch, Francis, Dhana, Klodian, Castelnuovo, Augusto F. Di, Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares, Diaz, Alejandro, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Ha T. P., Dobson, Annette J., Donfrancesco, Chiara, Döring, A., Doua, Kouamelan, Drygas, Wojciech, Egbagbe, Eruke E., Eggertsen, Robert, Ekelund, Ulf, Ati, Jalila El, Elliott, Paul, Engle-Stone, Reina, Erasmus, Rajiv T., Erem, Cihangir, Eriksen, Louise, Peña, J. E. De La, Evans, Alun, Faeh, David, Fall, Caroline H., Farzadfar, Farshad, Felix-Redondo, Francisco J., Ferguson, Trevor S., Fernandez-Berges, Daniel, Ferrante, Daniel, Ferrari, Marika, Ferreccio, Catterina, Ferrieres, Jean, Finn, Joseph D., Fischer, Krista, Flores, E. M., Foeger, Bernhard, Foo, Leng Huat, Forslund, Ann-Sofie, Fortmann, Stephen P., Fouad, Heba M., Francis, Damian K., Franco, M. Do Carmo, Franco, Oscar H., Frontera, Guillermo, Fuchs, Flavio D., Fuchs, Sandra C., Fujita, Yuki, Furusawa, Takuro, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Gafencu, Mihai, Gareta, Dickman, Garnett, Sarah P., Gaspoz, Jean-Michel, Gasull, Magda, Gates, Louise, Geleijnse, Johanna M., Ghasemian, Anoosheh, Giampaoli, Simona, Gianfagna, Francesco, Giovannelli, Jonathan, Giwercman, Aleksander, Goldsmith, Rebecca A., Gross, M. G., Rivas, J. P. G., Gorbea, M. 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Q., Radic, Ivana, Radisauskas, Ricardas, Rahman, Mahmudur, Raitakari, Olli, Raj, Manu, Rao, Sudha Ramachandra, Ramachandran, Ambady, Ramke, Jacqueline, Ramos, Rafel, Rampal, Sanjay, Rasmussen, Finn, Redon, Josep, Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M., Ribeiro, Robespierre, Riboli, Elio, Rigo, Fernando, Wit, Tobias Floris Rinke de, Ritti-Dias, Raphael M., Rivera, Juan A., Robinson, Sian M., Robitaille, Cynthia, Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Rodriguez-Perez, Maria del Cristo, Rodriguez-Villamizar, Laura A., Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba, Rojroongwasinkul, Nipa, Romaguera, Dora, Ronkainen, Kimmo, Rosengren, Annika, Rouse, Ian, Rubinstein, Adolfo, Ruhli, Frank J., Rui, Ornelas, Ruiz-Betancourt, B. S., Horimoto, Andrea R. V. Russo, Rutkowski, Marcin, Sabanayagam, Charumathi, Sachdev, Harshpal S., Saidi, Olfa, Salanave, Benoit, Martinez, E. 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Neovius, M., Nervi, F., Neuhauser, H.K., Nguyen, N.D., Nguyen, Q.N., Nieto-Martínez, R.E., Ning, G., Ninomiya, T., Nishtar, S., Noale, M., Norat, T., Noto, D., Nsour, M.A., O'Reilly, D., Ochoa-Avilés, A.M., Oh, K., Olayan, I.H., Olinto, M.T., Oltarzewski, M., Omar, M., Onat, A., Ordunez, P., Ortiz, A.P., Osler, M., Osmond, C., Ostojic, S.M., Otero, J.A., Overvad, K., Paccaud, F.M., Padez, C., Pajak, A., Palli, D., Palloni, A., Palmieri, L., Panda-Jonas, S., Panza, F., Parnell, W.R., Parsaeian, M., Pednekar, M.S., Peeters, P.H., Peixoto, S.V., Pereira, A.C., Pérez, C.M., Peters, A., Peykari, N., Pham, S.T., Pigeot, I., Pikhart, H., Pilav, A., Pilotto, L., Pistelli, F., Pitakaka, F., Piwonska, A., Piwonski, J., Plans-Rubió, P., Poh, B.K., Porta, M., Portegies, M.L., Poulimeneas, D., Pradeepa, R., Prashant, M., Price, J.F., Puiu, M., Punab, M., Qasrawi, R.F., Qorbani, M., Quoc Bao, T., Radic, I., Radisauskas, R., Rahman, M., Raitakari, O., Raj, M., Ramachandra Rao, S., Ramachandran, A., 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R., Sibai, A.M., Silva, A.M., Silva, D.A., Simon, M., Simons, J., Simons, L.A., Sjostrom, M., Slowikowska-Hilczer, J., Slusarczyk, P., Smeeth, L., Smith, M.C., Snijder, M.B., So, H.K., Sobngwi, E., Söderberg, S., Soekatri, M.Y., Solfrizzi, V., Sonestedt, E., Sørensen, T.I., Sorić, M., Sossa Jérome, C., Soumare, A., Staessen, J.A., Starc, G., Stathopoulou, M.G., Staub, K., Stavreski, B., Steene-Johannessen, J., Stehle, P., Stein, A.D., Stergiou, G.S., Stessman, J., Stieber, J., Stöckl, D., Stocks, T., Stokwiszewski, J., Stratton, G., Strufaldi, M.W., Sun, C.A., Sundström, J., Sung, Y.T., Sunyer, J., Suriyawongpaisal, P., Swinburn, B., Sy, R.G., Szponar, L., Tai, E.S., Tammesoo, M.L., Tamosiunas, A., Tang, L., Tang, X., Tanser, F., Tao, Y., Tarawneh, M., Tarp, J., Tarqui-Mamani, C.B., Taylor, A., Tchibindat, F., Thijs, L., Thuesen, B.H., Tjonneland, A., Tolonen, H.K., Tolstrup, J.S., Topbas, M., Topór-Madry, R., Torrent, M., Traissac, P., Trichopoulou, A., Trichopoulos, D., Trinh, O.T., Trivedi, A., Tshepo, L., Tulloch-Reid, M.K., Tuomainen, T.P., Tuomilehto, J., Tynelius, P., Tzotzas, T., Tzourio, C., Ueda, P., Ukoli, F.A., Ulmer, H., Unal, B., Valdivia, G., Vale, S., Valvi, D., van der Schouw, Y.T., Van Herck, K., Van Minh, H., van Valkengoed, I.G., Vanderschueren, D., Vanuzzo, D., Vatten, L., Vega, T., Velasquez-Melendez, G., Veronesi, G., Verschuren, W.M., Viegi, G., Viet, L., Viikari-Juntura, E., Vineis, P., Vioque, J., Virtanen, J.K., Visvikis-Siest, S., Viswanathan, B., Vollenweider, P., Voutilainen, S., Vrijheid, M., Wade, A.N., Wagner, A., Walton, J., Wan, N., Wan, M., Wang, M.D., Wang, Q., Wang, Y.X., Wannamethee, S.G., Wareham, N., Weerasekera, D., Whincup, P.H., Widhalm, K., Widyahening, I., Wiecek, A., Wilks, R.J., Willeit, J., Wojtyniak, B., Wong, J.E., Wong, T.Y., Woo, J., Woodward, M., Wu, F.C., Wu, J., Wu, S.L., Xu, H., Xu, L., Yamborisut, U., Yan, W., Yang, X., Yardim, N., Ye, X., Yiallouros, P.K., Yoshihara, A., You, Q.S., Younger-Coleman, N.O., Yusoff, A.F., Zainuddin, A., Zambon, S., Zdrojewski, T., Zeng, Y., Zhao, D., Zhao, W., Zheng, Y., Zhou, M., Zhu, D., Zimmermann, E., Zuñiga Cisneros, J., Erasmus MC other, Epidemiology, Medical Oncology, Cardiology, Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico do Porto, University Medical Center Utrecht, Imperial College Trust, Yiallouros, Panayiotis K. 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TC, Costanzo C, Cottel D, Cowell C, Craig CL, Crujeiras AB, D'Arrigo G, d'Orsi E, Dallongeville J, Damasceno A, Damsgaard CT, Dankner R, Luc Dauchet L, De Backer G, De Bacquer D, de Gaetano G, De Henauw S, De Smedt D, Deepa M, Deev AD, Dehghan A, Delisle H, Delpeuch F, Dhana K, Di Castelnuovo AF, Dias-da-Costa JS, Diaz A, Djalalinia S, Do HTP, Dobson AJ, Donfrancesco C, Döring A, Doua K, Drygas W, Egbagbe EE, Eggertsen R, Ekelund U, El Ati J, Elliott P, Engle-Stone R, Erasmus RT, Erem C, Eriksen L, Escobedo-de la Peña J, Evans A, Faeh D, Fall CH, Farshad Farzadfar F, Felix-Redondo FJ, Ferguson TS, Fernández-Bergés D, Ferrante D, Ferrari M, Ferreccio C, Ferrieres J, Finn JD, Fischer K, Monterubio Flores E, Föger B, Foo LH, Forslund A-S, Fortmann SP, Fouad HM, Francis DK, Franco MdC, Franco OH, Guillermo Frontera G, Fuchs FH, Fuchs SC, Fujita Y, Furusawa T, Gaciong Z, Gafencu M, Gareta D, Garnett SP, Gaspoz J-M, GasulL M, Gates L, Geleijnse JM, Ghasemian A, Giampaoli S, GianfagnA F, Giovannelli J, Giwercman A, Goldsmith RA, Gonzalez Gross M, González Rivas JP, Gorbea MB, Gottrand F, Graff-Iversen S, Grafnetter D, Grajda A, Grammatikopoulou MG, Gregor RD, Grodzicki T, Grøntved A, Gruden G, Grujic V, Gu D, Guan OP, Gudnason V, Guerrero R, Guessous I, Guimaraes AL, Gulliford MC, Gunnlaugsdottir J, Guo XK, Guo Y, Gupta PC, Gureje O, Gurzkowska B, Gutierrez L, Gutzwiller F, Halkjær J, Hardy R, Kumar RH, Hayes AJ, He J, Hendriks ME, Hernandez Cadena L, Heshmat R, Hihtaniemi IP, Sai SY, Ho SC, Hobbs M, Hofman A, Hormiga CM, Horta BH, Houti L, Htay TT, Htet AS, Htike MMT, Hu Y, Hussieni HS, Huu CN, Huybrechts I, Hwalla N, Iacoviello L, Iannone AG, Ibrahim MM, Ikram MA, Irazola VE, Islam M, Iwasaki M, Jackson RT, Jacobs JM, Tazeen Jafar T, Jamil KM, Jamrozi K, Jasienska G, Jiang CQ, Joffres M, Johansson M, Jonas JB, Jørgensen T, Joshi P, Juolevi A, Jurak G, Vesna Jureša V, Kaaks R, Kafatos A, Kalter-Leibovici O, Kapantais E, Kasaeian A, Katz J, Kaur P, Kavousi M, Keil U, Keinan Boker L, Kelishadi R, Kemper HHCG, Kengne AP, Kersting M, Key T, Khader YS, Khalili D, Khang Y-H, Kay-Tee H Khaw K-TH, Khouw LMSL, Kiechl S, Killewo J, Kim J, Kiyohara Y, Klimont J, Kolle E, Kolsteren P, Korrovits P, Koskinen S, Kouda K, Koziel S, Kratzer W, Krokstad S, Kromhout D, Kruger HS, Kula K, Kulaga Z, Kumar RK, Kusuma YS, Kuulasmaa K, Laamiri FZ, Laatikainen T, Lachat C, Laid Y, Lam TH, Landrove O, Lanska V, Lappas G, Laugsand LE, Nguyen Bao KL, Le TD, Leclercq C, Lee J, Jeonghee Lee J, Lehtimäki T, Lekhraj R, León-Muñoz LM, Lim W-Y, M Fernanda Lima-Costa MF, Lin H-H, Lin X, Linneberg A, Lissner L, Litwin M, Liu J, Lorbeer R, Lotufo PA, Lozano JE, Luksiene D, Lundqvist A, Lunet N, Lytsy P, Ma G, Machi S, Maggi S, Magliano DJ, Makdisse M, Malekzadeh R, Malhotra R, Mallikharjuna Rao K, Manios Y, Mann JI, Manzato E, Margozzini P, Markey O, Marques-Vidal P, Marrugat P, Martin-Prevel Y, Martorell R, Masoodi SR, Matsha TE, Mazur A, Mbanya JCN, McFarlane SR, McGarvey ST, McKee M, McLachlan S, McLean RM, McNulty BA, Md Yusof S, Mediene-Benchekor S, Meirhaeghe A, Meisinger A, Mendes LL, Menezes AMB, Mensink GBM, Meshram II, Metspalu A, Mi JM, Michaelsen KF, Miller JC, Miquel JF, Mišigoj-Duraković M, Mohamed MK, Mohammad K, Mohammadifard N, Mohan V, Mohd Yusoff MF, Molbo D, Møller NC, Molnár D, Mondo CK, Monterrubio EA, Monyeki KDK, Leila B Moreira LB, Morejon A, Moreno LA, Morgan K, Mortensen EL, Moschonis G, Mossakowska M, Mota J, Motlagh ME, Motta J, Mu TT, Muiesan ML, Müller-Nurasyid M, Murphy N, Mursu J, Murtagh EM, Musa KI, Musil V, Nagel G, Nakamura H, Námešná J, Nang EEK, Nangia VB, Nankap M, Narake S, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Nenko I, Neovius M, Nervi F, Neuhauser HK, Nguyen ND, Ngoc Nguyen Q, Nieto-Martínez RE, Ning G, Ninomiya T, Nishtar S, Noale M, Norat T, Noto D, Al Nsour M, O'Reilly D, Ochoa-Avilés AM, Oh K, Olayan IH, Olinto MTA, Oltarzewski M, Omar MA, Onat A, Ordunez P, Ortiz AP, Osler M, Osmond C, Ostojic AM, Otero JA, Overvad K, Paccaud F, Padez C, Pajak A, Palli D, Palloni A, Palmieri L, Panda-Jonas S, Panza F, Parnell WR, Parsaeian M, Pednekar MS, Peeters PH, Peixoto SV, Pereira AC, Pérez CM, Peters A, Peykari N, Pham ST, Pigeot I, Pikhart H, Pilav A, Pilotto L, Pistelli F, Pitakaka F, Piwonska A, Piwonski J, Pedro Plans-Rubió P, Poh BK, Porta M, Portegies MLP, Poulimeneas D, Pradeepa R, Prashant M, Price JF, Puiu M, Punab M, Qasrawi RF, Qorbani M, Quoc Bao T, Radic I, Ricardas Radisauskas R, Rahman M, Raitakari O, Raj M, Ramachandra Rao S, Ramachandran A, Ramke J, Ramos R, Rampal S, Rasmussen F, Redon J, Reganit PFM, Robespierre Ribeiro R, Riboli E, Rigo F, Rinke de Wit TF, Ritti-Dias RM, Juan A Rivera JA, Robinson SM, Robitaille C, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Rodriguez-Perez MdC, Rodríguez-Villamizar LA, Rojas-Martinez R, Rojroongwasinkul N, Romaguera D, Ronkainen K, Rosengren A, Rouse I, Rubinstein A, Rühli FJ, Rui O, Ruiz-Betancourt BS, Russo Horimoto ARV, Rutkowski M, Sabanayagam C, Sachdev HS, Saidi O, Salanave B, Salazar Martinez E, Salomaa V, Salonen JT, Salvetti M, Sánchez-Abanto J, Sandjaja A, Sans S, Santos DA, Santos O, dos Santos RN, Santos R, Sardinha LB, Sarrafzadegan N, Saum K-U, Savva SC, Scazufca M, Schaffrath Rosario A, Schargrodsky H, Schienkiewitz A, Schmidt IM, Schneider IJ, Schultsz C, Schutte AE, Sein AA, Sen A, Senbanjo IO, Sepanlou SG, Shalnova SA, Shaw JE, Shibuya K, Shin Y, Shiri R, Siantar R, Sibai AM, Silva AM, Simon M, Simons J, Simons LA, Sjostrom M, Slowikowska-Hilczer J, Slusarczyk P, Smeeth L, Smith MC, Snijder MB, So H-K, Sobngwi E, Söderberg S, Soekatri MYE, Solfrizzi V, Sonestedt E, Sørensen TIA, Sorić M, Sossa Jérome C, Soumare A, Staessen JA, Starc G, Stathopoulou MG, Staub K, Stavreski B, Steene-Johannessen J, Stehle P, Stein AD, Stergiou GS, Stessman J, Stieber J, Stöckl D, Stocks T, Stokwiszewski J, Stratton G, Strufaldi MW, Chien-An Sun C-A, Sundström J, Sung Y-T, Sunyer J, Suriyawongpaisal P, Swinburn BA, Sy RG, Szponar L, E Shyong Tai E, Tammesoo M-L, Tamosiunas A, Tang L, Tang X, Tanser F, Tao Y, Tarawneh M, Jakob Tarp J, Tarqui-Mamani CB, Taylor A, Félicité Tchibindat F, Thijs L, Thuesen BH, Tjonneland A, Tolonen HK, Janne S Tolstrup JS, Topbas M, Topór-Madry R, Torrent M, Traissac P, Trichopoulos D, Trinh OTH, Trivedi A, Tshepo L, Tulloch-Reid MK, Tuomainen T-P, Tuomilehto J, Tynelius P, Tzotzas T, Tzourio C, Ueda P, Ukoli FAM, Ulmer H, Unal B, Valdivia G, Susana Va S, Valvi D, van der Schouw YT, Van Herck K, Van Minh H, van Valkengoed IGM, Vanderschueren D, Vanuzzo D, Vatten L, Vega T, Velasquez-Melendez G, Veronesi G, Verschuren WMM, Viegi G, Viet L, Viikari-Juntura E, Vineis P, Vioque P, Virtanen JK, Visvikis-Siest S, Viswanathan B, Vollenweider P, Voutilainen S, Vrijheid M, Wade AN, Wagner A, Walton J, Wan Mohamud WN, Wang M-D, Wang Q, Wang YX, Wannamethee SG, Wareham N, Deepa Weerasekera D, Whincup PH, Widhalm K, Widyahening IS, Wiecek A, Wilks RJ, Willeit J, Wojtyniak B, Wong, Wong TY, Woo J, Woodward M, Wu FC, JianFeng Wu JF, Wu SL, Xu H, Xu L, Yamborisut U, Yan W, Yang X, Yardim N, Ye X, Yiallouros PK, Yoshihara A, Qi Sheng You QS, Younger-Coleman NO, Yusoff AF, Ahmad A Zainuddin AA, Zambon S, Zdrojewski T, Zeng Y, Zhao D, Zhao W, Zheng Y, Zhou M, Zhu D, Zimmermann E, Zuñiga Cisneros J, General Internal Medicine, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Public and occupational health, Global Health, and APH - Amsterdam Public Health
Subjects: Male, Obesidad, CHILDREN, Salud, Review, países desarrollados, Global Health, Body Mass Index, Body mass index, population study, 0302 clinical medicine, Models, Factores de riesgo cardiovascular, Medicine, body mass index, underweight, overweight, obesity, Young adult, Human Nutrition & Health, education.field_of_study, Humane Voeding & Gezondheid, General Medicine, ASSOCIATION, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, adulto, predicción, adulto joven, CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE, thinness/epidemiology, NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES, NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), Enfermedades cardiovasculares, Developed country, teorema de Bayes, Medical sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Thinness, Humans, education, Developing Countries, obesidad, VLAG, Science & Technology, Models, Statistical, CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY, Bayes Theorem, medicine.disease, QP, Obesity, adult body-mass, Indice de masa corporal (IMC), RISK-FACTORS, Adolescent, Adult, Developed Countries, Female, Forecasting, Obesity/epidemiology, Prevalence, Thinness/epidemiology, Young Adult, RA, Body mass index, Demography, Meta-Analysis, Gerontology, Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna, Nutrition and Disease, humanos, adolescente, Overweight, países en desarrollo, Voeding en Ziekte, Medicine and Health Sciences, Global health, 030212 general & internal medicine, Non-U.S. Gov't, Medicine (all), Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, prevalencia, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Statistical, Underweight, medicine.symptom, pooled analysis, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, obesity/*epidemiology, Population, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Research Support, Medicine, General & Internal, EPIDEMIC, General & Internal Medicine, Journal Article, Life Science, ddc:610, Obesidad morbida, OBESITY PREVENTION, OVERWEIGHT, business.industry, índice de masa corporal, COHORTS, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.00 [https], Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Ciencias socio biomédicas, business, delgadez
Abstract: Copyright © NCD Risk Factor Collaboration. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY., Background: Underweight and severe and morbid obesity are associated with highly elevated risks of adverse health outcomes. We estimated trends in mean body-mass index (BMI), which characterises its population distribution, and in the prevalences of a complete set of BMI categories for adults in all countries. Methods: We analysed, with use of a consistent protocol, population-based studies that had measured height and weight in adults aged 18 years and older. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to these data to estimate trends from 1975 to 2014 in mean BMI and in the prevalences of BMI categories (, Wellcome Trust, Grand Challenges Canada
Published: 2016
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34. Population, médecine et statistique.

Author: Paccaud F
Subjects: Humans, Population Health, Medicine
Published: 2023
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35. Increased glucocorticoid metabolism in diabetic kidney disease.

Author: Ackermann D, Vogt B, Bochud M, Burnier M, Martin PY, Paccaud F, Ehret G, Guessous I, Ponte B, Pruijm M, Pechère-Bertschi A, Jamin H, Klossner R, Dick B, Mohaupt MG, and Gennari-Moser C
Subjects: Aldosterone metabolism, Endothelial Cells metabolism, Female, Fibrosis, Glucocorticoids pharmacology, Glucose, Humans, Hydrocortisone metabolism, Male, Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists, Receptors, Glucocorticoid metabolism, Receptors, Mineralocorticoid metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Nephropathies
Abstract: Aims: Glomerular damage indicated by proteinuria is a main symptom in diabetic nephropathy. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists (MRAs) are beneficial irrespective of aldosterone availability. Thus, we hypothesized an alternatively activated MR to promote glomerular damage in proteinuric diabetic nephropathy. Specifically, we aimed first to demonstrate the presence of steroid hormones serving as alternative MR targets in type II diabetic patients with proteinuric kidney disease, second whether MR selectivity was modified, third to characterize MR and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression and activity in glomerular cell types exposed to eu- and hyperglycemic conditions, fourth to characterize the pro-fibrotic potential of primary human renal mesangial cells (HRMC) upon stimulation with aldosterone and cortisol, and fifth to specify the involvement of the MR and/or GR in pro-fibrotic signaling., Materials and Methods: Urinary steroid hormone profiles of patients with diabetic kidney disease were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and compared to an age and gender matched healthy control group taken out of a population study. In both cohorts, the activity of the MR pre-receptor enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD11B2), which inactivates cortisol to prevent it from binding to the MR, was assessed to define a change in MR selectivity. Expression of HSD11B2, MR and GR was quantified in HRMC and primary human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGEC). Activity of MR and GR was explored in HRMC by measuring the MR/GR down-stream signal SGK1 and the pro-fibrotic genes TGFB1, FN1 and COL1A1 in normal and high glucose conditions with the MR/GR agonists aldosterone/cortisol and the MR/GR antagonists spironolactone/RU486., Results: Patients with diabetic kidney disease excreted more tetrahydroaldosterone than the control group reaching significance in men. The excretion of MR-agonistic steroid hormones was only increased for 18-hydroxytetrahydrocorticosterone in diabetic women. The excretion of most glucocorticoids was higher in the diabetic cohort. Higher apparent systemic HSD11B2 activity suggested less activation of the MR by cortisol in diabetic patients. Both cell types, HRMC and HRGEC, lacked expression of HSD11B2. Hyperglycemic conditions did not change MR and GR expression and activity. Stimulation with both aldosterone and cortisol promoted upregulation of pro-fibrotic genes in HRMC. This effect of MR and/or GR activation was more pronounced in high glucose conditions and partially inhibited by MRAs and GR antagonists., Conclusions: In patients with diabetic kidney disease alternative MR activation is conceivable as cortisol and cortisone metabolites are increased. Systemic availability of active metabolites is counteracted via an increased HSD11B2 activity. As this cortisol deactivation is absent in HRMC and HRGEC, cortisol binding to the MR is enabled. Both, cortisol and aldosterone stimulation led to an increased expression of pro-fibrotic genes in HRMC. This mechanism was related to the MR as well as the GR and more marked in high glucose conditions linking the benefit of MRAs in diabetic kidney disease to these findings., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Published: 2022
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36. Uranium exposure of the Swiss population based on 24-hour urinary excretion.

Author: Jenny-Burri J, Blanc A, Aubert R, Haldimann M, Zürcher U, Burnier M, Paccaud F, Bochud M, and Dudler V
Subjects: Adult, Humans, Kidney, Mass Spectrometry, Switzerland epidemiology, Uranium analysis
Abstract: Aim of the Study: Important regional differences in uranium exposure exist because of varying uranium concentrations in soil, water and food. Comprehensive data on the exposure of the general population to uranium is, however, scarce. Based on the 24-hour urinary excretion, the uranium exposure of the adult Swiss population was assessed in relation to age, sex, place of residence, body mass index (BMI), smoking habit and type of drinking water, as well as risk factors in relation to kidney impairment and indicators of a possible renal dysfunction., Methods: Uranium was quantified in 24-hour urine from a nationwide population-based sample (n = 1393). The ratio 238U/233U was measured for isotope dilution calibration with a sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (HR-ICP-MS)., Results: Overall median and 95th percentile were 15 and 67 ng/24 h, respectively. The place of residence significantly influenced urinary uranium excretion. However, most of the highest urinary uranium excretion levels could not be associated to areas known for their elevated uranium concentrations in the drinking water. Sources other than the local drinking water (e.g., bottled water) might be important, too. Gender as well as albumin excretion also had a significant effect on uranium excretion. The latter was, however, strongly dependent on the presence of diabetes mellitus. No association was found for age, BMI, smoking habit or the other examined kidney related variables., Conclusions: On the basis of uranium exposure, assessed via 24-hour urinary uranium excretion, and current knowledge of the toxicity of naturally occurring uranium, a substantial corresponding health risk for the general adult population is unlikely. However, as long as no specific sensitive biomarker for the biological impact of low-dose chronic uranium exposure has been identified and validated, assessing subtle health impact of such exposure will remain difficult.
Published: 2020
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37. Sex and Body Mass Index Modify the Association Between Leptin and Sodium Excretion: A Cross-sectional Study in an African Population.

Author: Schwotzer N, Burnier M, Maillard M, Bovet P, Paccaud F, Bochud M, and Wuerzner G
Subjects: Adiponectin blood, Adult, Biomarkers blood, Biomarkers urine, Circadian Rhythm, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity blood, Obesity ethnology, Obesity urine, Sex Factors, Seychelles epidemiology, Time Factors, Black People, Body Mass Index, Kidney Tubules, Proximal physiopathology, Leptin blood, Natriuresis, Obesity physiopathology, Renal Reabsorption, Sodium urine
Abstract: Background: Renal sodium handling could be a potential mediator linking adipokines to hypertension. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship of leptin with urinary sodium excretion and proximal sodium reabsorption in humans., Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on participants of hypertensive families from the Seychelles Island. A split urine (daytime and nighttime) collection and plasma leptin were measured. Endogenous lithium clearance was used to assess proximal sodium reabsorption. Mixed multiple linear regression tests adjusted for confounding factors were used., Results: Three hundred and sixty-five participants (57% women) were included in this analysis. Leptin and adiponectin were higher in women (P < 0.001). Leptin was associated positively with daytime (coefficient [c]: 0.16, standard deviation (SD): 0.03, P < 0.001), nighttime urinary sodium excretion (c: 0.17, SD: 0.04), P < 0.01), daytime lithium clearance (c: 0.40, SD: 0.08, P < 0.001), and nighttime lithium clearance (c: 0.39, SD: 0.10, P < 0.001) after adjusting for sex. The association was lost or mitigated only when BMI was introduced in the model. When BMI was categorized in normal vs. overweight participant, leptin was associated with daytime and nighttime sodium excretion rates (c: 0.14, SD: 0.05, P = 0.011 and c: 0.22, SD: 0.07, P = 0.002, respectively) only in overweight participants., Conclusion: Leptin is associated positively with daytime and nighttime sodium excretion and lithium clearance suggesting a natriuretic rather than a sodium retaining effect of leptin. Sex and body mass index (BMI) are major confounders in this association. These results highlight the importance of sex and obesity in our understanding of the relationships between leptin, blood pressure, and renal sodium handling., (© American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd 2019. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Published: 2019
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38. Effects of short- and long-term exposures to particulate matter on inflammatory marker levels in the general population.

Author: Tsai DH, Riediker M, Berchet A, Paccaud F, Waeber G, Vollenweider P, and Bochud M
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Air Pollutants toxicity, Biomarkers blood, C-Reactive Protein analysis, Cohort Studies, Environmental Exposure adverse effects, Female, Humans, Inflammation chemically induced, Interleukin-6 blood, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Particulate Matter toxicity, Risk Factors, Switzerland, Time Factors, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha blood, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution analysis, Environmental Exposure analysis, Inflammation blood, Particulate Matter analysis
Abstract: The effect of particulate matter (PM) on health increases with exposure duration but the change from short to longer term is not well studied. We examined the exposure to PM smaller 10 μm (PM 10 ) from short to longer duration and their associations with levels of inflammatory markers in the population-based CoLaus cohort in Lausanne, Switzerland. Baseline and follow-up CoLaus data were used to study the associations between PM 10 exposure and inflammatory markers, including the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), as well as interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor-necrosis-factor alpha (TNF-α) using mixed models. Exposure was determined for each participant's home address from hourly air quality simulations at a 5-m resolution. Short-term exposure intervals were 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month prior to the hospital visit (blood withdrawal); long-term exposure intervals were 3 and 6 months prior to the visit. In most time windows, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were positively associated with PM 10 . No significant associations were identified for CRP. Adjusted associations with long-term exposures were stronger and more significant than those for short-term exposures. In stratified models, gender, age, smoking status, and hypertension only led to small modifications in effect estimates, though a few of the estimates for IL-6 and TNF-α became non-significant. In this general adult cohort exposed to relatively low average PM 10 levels, clear associations with markers of systemic inflammation were observed. Longer duration of elevated exposure was associated with an exacerbated inflammatory response. This may partially explain the elevated disease risk observed with chronic PM 10 exposure. It also suggests that reducing prolonged episodes of high PM exposure may be a strategy to reduce inflammatory risk.
Published: 2019
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39. Association of 24-Hour Blood Pressure With Urinary Sodium Excretion in Healthy Adults.

Author: van der Stouwe JG, Carmeli C, Aeschbacher S, Schoen T, Krisai P, Wenger G, Ehret G, Ponte B, Pruijm M, Ackermann D, Guessous I, Paccaud F, Pechère-Bertschi A, Vogt B, Mohaupt MG, Martin PY, Burnier M, Risch M, Risch L, Bochud M, and Conen D
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Healthy Volunteers, Humans, Liechtenstein, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, Switzerland, Time Factors, Young Adult, Blood Pressure, Circadian Rhythm, Natriuresis, Renal Elimination, Sodium urine
Abstract: Background: While the positive relationship between urinary sodium excretion and blood pressure (BP) is well established for middle-aged to elderly individuals using office BP, data are limited for younger individuals and ambulatory BP measurements., Methods: Our analysis included 2,899 individuals aged 18 to 90 years from 2 population-based studies (GAPP, Swiss Kidney Project on Genes in Hypertension [SKIPOGH]). Participants with prevalent cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or on BP-lowering treatment were excluded. In SKIPOGH, 24-hour urinary sodium excretion was used as a measure of sodium intake, while in GAPP it was calculated from fasting morning urinary samples using the Kawasaki formula. Multivariable linear regression models were used to assess the relationships of 24-hour urinary salt excretion with office and ambulatory BP measurements., Results: Mean age, ambulatory BP, sodium excretion, and estimated glomerular filtration rate in GAPP and SKIPOGH were 35 and 44 years, 123/78 and 118/77 mm Hg, 4.2 and 3.3 g/d, and 110 and 99 ml/min/1.73 m2, respectively. A weak linear association was observed between 24-hour ambulatory systolic BP and urinary sodium excretion (β (95% confidence interval [CI]) per 1 g increase in sodium excretion (0.33 % (0.09; 0.57); P = 0.008). No significant relationships were observed for 24-hour ambulatory diastolic BP (β (95% CI) (0.13 % (-0.15; 0.40) P = 0.37). When repeating the analyses in different age groups, all BP indices appeared to have stronger relationships in the older age groups (>40 years)., Conclusions: In these large cohorts of healthy adults, urinary sodium excretion was only weakly associated with systolic 24-hour ambulatory BP.
Published: 2018
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40. Urinary Cadmium Excretion Is Associated With Increased Synthesis of Cortico- and Sex Steroids in a Population Study.

Author: Bochud M, Jenny-Burri J, Pruijm M, Ponte B, Guessous I, Ehret G, Petrovic D, Dudler V, Haldimann M, Escher G, Dick B, Mohaupt M, Paccaud F, Burnier M, Péchère-Bertschi A, Martin PY, Vogt B, and Ackermann D
Subjects: Adult, Aged, Aldosterone analogs & derivatives, Aldosterone urine, Cohort Studies, Family, Female, Gonadal Steroid Hormones urine, Humans, Hypertension urine, Kidney metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Mineralocorticoids urine, Testosterone urine, Adrenal Cortex Hormones metabolism, Cadmium urine, Gonadal Steroid Hormones metabolism, Hypertension metabolism
Abstract: Context: Urinary cadmium (Cd) excretion is associated with cancer and cardiovascular morbidity. A potential mechanism could be disturbance of steroidogenesis in gonads and adrenal glands., Objective: We tested whether urinary excretion of Cd is correlated with that of cortico- and sex steroid metabolites in the general adult population., Setting: The Swiss Kidney Project on Genes in Hypertension is a multicentric, family-based population study., Measures: Urinary excretions of steroid hormone metabolites and Cd were measured with separate day and night collections. Associations were analyzed by mixed linear models., Results: Urinary Cd and testosterone excretions in men were significantly correlated (respective day and night β values [standard error (SE)], 1.378 [0.242], P < 0.0005; and 1.440 [0.333], P < 0.0005), but not in women [0.333(0.257), P = 0.2; and 0.674 (0.361), P = 0.06]. Urinary Cd and cortisol excretions were positively associated in both sexes [day: β = 0.475 (SE, 0.157), P = 0.0025, and 0.877 (SE, 0.194), P < 0.0005, respectively; night: β = 0.875 (SE, 0.253), P < 0.0005 and 1.183 (SE, 0.277), P = 0.00002, respectively]. Cd excretion was correlated with mineralocorticoid metabolites excretion, except tetrahydroaldosterone, in both sexes (P < 0.01). There was an independent effect of Cd on sex hormone and corticosteroid synthesis and an interdependent effect on gluco- and mineralcorticoid production., Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence for a global stimulating effect on steroid synthesis already at low-dose Cd exposure. These findings might explain the association of Cd with diseases such as steroid-sensitive cancers or metabolic disorders., (Copyright © 2017 Endocrine Society)
Published: 2018
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41. A population-based approach to assess the heritability and distribution of renal handling of electrolytes.

Author: Moulin F, Ponte B, Pruijm M, Ackermann D, Bouatou Y, Guessous I, Ehret G, Bonny O, Pechère-Bertschi A, Staessen JA, Paccaud F, Martin PY, Burnier M, Vogt B, Devuyst O, and Bochud M
Subjects: Adult, Cohort Studies, Computational Biology, Electrolytes blood, Electrolytes urine, Female, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pedigree, Phenotype, Software, Switzerland, Electrolytes metabolism, Homeostasis genetics, Kidney physiopathology, Renal Elimination genetics
Abstract: The handling of electrolytes by the kidney is essential for homeostasis. However, the heritability of these processes, the first step in gene discovery, is poorly known. To help clarify this, we estimated the heritability of serum concentration, urinary excretion, renal clearance, and fractional excretion of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphate, and chloride in a population-based study. Nuclear families were randomly selected from the general population in Lausanne, Geneva, and Bern, Switzerland, and urine collected over 24-hour periods. We used the ASSOC program (S.A.G.E.) to estimate narrow sense heritability, including sex, age, body mass index, and study center as covariates in the model. The 1128 participants, from 273 families, had a mean age of 47 years, body mass index of 25.0 kg/m 2 , and an estimated glomerular filtration rate (CKD-EPI) of 98 mL/min/1.73 m 2 . The heritability of serum concentration was highest for calcium, 37% and lowest for sodium, 13%. The heritability of 24-hour urine clearances, excretions, and fractional excretions ranged from 15%, 10%, and 16%, respectively, for potassium to 45%, 44%, and 51%, respectively, for calcium. All probability values were significant. The heritability for phosphate-related phenotypes was lower than that for calcium. Thus, the serum and urine concentrations as well as urinary excretion and renal handling of electrolytes are heritable in the general adult population. The phenotypic variance attributable to additive genetic factors was variable and was higher for calcium. These results pave the way for identifying genetic variants involved in electrolyte homeostasis in the general population., (Copyright © 2017 International Society of Nephrology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2017
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42. Major Differences in Diet across Three Linguistic Regions of Switzerland: Results from the First National Nutrition Survey menuCH.

Author: Chatelan A, Beer-Borst S, Randriamiharisoa A, Pasquier J, Blanco JM, Siegenthaler S, Paccaud F, Slimani N, Nicolas G, Camenzind-Frey E, Zuberbuehler CA, and Bochud M
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Body Mass Index, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet Records, Female, Humans, Language, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Assessment, Nutrition Policy, Socioeconomic Factors, Switzerland, Young Adult, Diet ethnology, Nutrition Surveys
Abstract: Switzerland is a multilingual country located between Germany, France and Italy, which differ by dietary habits and related outcomes. We explored differences in food consumption as well as compliance to the Swiss food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) across the German-, French-, and Italian-speaking regions. The 2014-2015 nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted among a stratified random sample of 2057 adults aged 18 to 75 years. Trained dietitians assessed food consumption via two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls using the international validated software GloboDiet ® . Recorded foods and beverages were classified into six groups and 31 subgroups relevant for assessing compliance to the FBDG (Swiss Food Pyramid). Usual daily intake distributions were modelled and weighted for sampling design, non-response, weekdays and season. Participation rate was 38%. Significant differences across regions were observed in 18 of 31 food subgroups ( p ≤ 0.01). Weighted mean daily intakes in the German-, French- and Italian-speaking regions were, respectively, 245 g, 155 g, 140 g for soft drinks, 273 g, 214 g, 135 g for coffee, 127 g, 72 g, 109 g for milk, 32 g, 45 g, 43 g for red meat, 18 g, 29 g, 34 g for fish/seafood, 8.1 g, 6.4 g, 3.7 g for butter, and 206 g, 214 g, 168 g for vegetables. The seven FBDGs were followed by <1% of the population. Four in 10 participants met ≥3 FBDG. Eighteen percent of participants ate ≥5 portions of fruit and vegetables a day, without regional differences. Food consumption substantially differed across the three linguistic regions of Switzerland. Adherence to FBDG was uniformly low. This highlights the potential influence of culture on diet. Nutritional education along with public health interventions are needed and may be most efficient if regionally targeted., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. The survey funders were involved in the study design, the writing of the manuscript, and the decision to publish the results. They had no direct role in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data. The survey funders developed the Swiss version of GloboDiet in collaboration with IARC. In addition, they linked the consumption data with the Swiss Food Composition Database.
Published: 2017
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43. Building leadership capacity to prevent and control noncommunicable diseases: evaluation of an international short-term training program for program managers from low- and middle-income countries.

Author: Erzse A, Bovet P, Paccaud F, Chestnov O, and Banatvala N
Subjects: Administrative Personnel psychology, Administrative Personnel statistics & numerical data, Adult, Developing Countries, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Program Evaluation, Surveys and Questionnaires, World Health Organization, Administrative Personnel education, Capacity Building organization & administration, International Cooperation, Leadership, Noncommunicable Diseases prevention & control
Abstract: Objectives: To assess the impact of a 1-week training seminar jointly developed and conducted by the World Health Organization and the University Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine of Lausanne targeting senior policy-makers in low- and middle-income countries on public health aspects of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)., Methods: A short qualitative questionnaire was emailed to all participants to one of the nine seminars organized between 2010 and 2015., Results: From the 195 participants from 96 different countries, 122 (63%) completed the questionnaire. Among them, 87% reported that the seminar made a positive contribution to their professional development and 48% said it helped strengthening their national NCD program. All respondents remained directly or indirectly involved in NCD work. A frequent suggestion was that similar seminars are developed in their region or country., Conclusions: The evaluation strongly suggests that this short-term seminar had positive impact on both participants' personal development and the organization they worked for. There is a demand for organizing similar seminars at regional/country levels to support NCD prevention and control programs.
Published: 2017
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44. Bayesian association scan reveals loci associated with human lifespan and linked biomarkers.

Author: McDaid AF, Joshi PK, Porcu E, Komljenovic A, Li H, Sorrentino V, Litovchenko M, Bevers RPJ, Rüeger S, Reymond A, Bochud M, Deplancke B, Williams RW, Robinson-Rechavi M, Paccaud F, Rousson V, Auwerx J, Wilson JF, and Kutalik Z
Subjects: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Arylsulfotransferase genetics, Bayes Theorem, Biomarkers analysis, Disease genetics, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Nerve Tissue Proteins genetics, RNA-Binding Proteins genetics, Receptors, Nicotinic genetics, United Kingdom, White People genetics, Longevity genetics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Abstract: The enormous variation in human lifespan is in part due to a myriad of sequence variants, only a few of which have been revealed to date. Since many life-shortening events are related to diseases, we developed a Mendelian randomization-based method combining 58 disease-related GWA studies to derive longevity priors for all HapMap SNPs. A Bayesian association scan, informed by these priors, for parental age of death in the UK Biobank study (n=116,279) revealed 16 independent SNPs with significant Bayes factor at a 5% false discovery rate (FDR). Eleven of them replicate (5% FDR) in five independent longevity studies combined; all but three are depleted of the life-shortening alleles in older Biobank participants. Further analysis revealed that brain expression levels of nearby genes (RBM6, SULT1A1 and CHRNA5) might be causally implicated in longevity. Gene expression and caloric restriction experiments in model organisms confirm the conserved role for RBM6 and SULT1A1 in modulating lifespan.
Published: 2017
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45. Trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of high blood pressure in the Seychelles between 1989 and 2013.

Author: Heiniger S, Viswanathan B, Gedeon J, Paccaud F, and Bovet P
Subjects: Adult, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Antihypertensive Agents pharmacology, Blood Pressure physiology, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity epidemiology, Prevalence, Seychelles epidemiology, Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use, Blood Pressure drug effects, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Hypertension drug therapy, Hypertension epidemiology
Abstract: Background: Limited data are available in the African region on trends in blood pressure (BP) and awareness, treatment and control rates., Objective: We examined trends in these indicators for a 25-year period in the Seychelles, a rapidly developing small island state in the African region., Methods: Population-based surveys of adults aged 25-64 years were performed in 1989, 1994, 2004 and 2013 using nearly identical methods for all surveys. BP was based on the average of the second and third readings. Data were age-standardized., Results: Between 1989 and 2013, mean SBP decreased in older adults (but increased in younger adults) and mean DBP decreased in all age categories, despite a marked secular increase in mean BMI. At age 25-64 years, the proportions with BP at least 140/90 mmHg decreased from 44%/33% (men/women) in 1989 to 37%/22% in 2013. The proportions of persons aware of having high BP (among those with BP ≥ 140/90 or treatment) increased from 40%/63% (men/women) in 1989 to 65%/80% in 2013; the proportions under treatment (among aware) increased from 37%/49% to 64%/78%; and the proportions with controlled BP (among treated) increased from 10%/16% to 34%/61%. Awareness was associated with female sex, age, obesity and diabetes; treatment with age, obesity, low alcohol consumption and diabetes; and control with female sex, age and high socio-economic status. In 2013, the main classes of antihypertensive medications were used in similar proportions, and 64.5% received at least two medications., Conclusion: The prevalence of high BP (≥140/90 mmHg) decreased over time, which paralleled improved detection and control of hypertension. The identified associated factors should be considered when strengthening BP control programs.
Published: 2017
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46. Geriatric Patient Safety Indicators Based on Linked Administrative Health Data to Assess Anticoagulant-Related Thromboembolic and Hemorrhagic Adverse Events in Older Inpatients: A Study Proposal.

Author: Le Pogam MA, Quantin C, Reich O, Tuppin P, Fagot-Campagna A, Paccaud F, Peytremann-Bridevaux I, and Burnand B
Abstract: Background: Frail older people with multiple interacting conditions, polypharmacy, and complex care needs are particularly exposed to health care-related adverse events. Among these, anticoagulant-related thromboembolic and hemorrhagic events are particularly frequent and serious in older inpatients. The growing use of anticoagulants in this population and their substantial risk of toxicity and inefficacy have therefore become an important patient safety and public health concern worldwide. Anticoagulant-related adverse events and the quality of anticoagulation management should thus be routinely assessed to improve patient safety in vulnerable older inpatients., Objective: This project aims to develop and validate a set of outcome and process indicators based on linked administrative health data (ie, insurance claims data linked to hospital discharge data) assessing older inpatient safety related to anticoagulation in both Switzerland and France, and enabling comparisons across time and among hospitals, health territories, and countries. Geriatric patient safety indicators (GPSIs) will assess anticoagulant-related adverse events. Geriatric quality indicators (GQIs) will evaluate the management of anticoagulants for the prevention and treatment of arterial or venous thromboembolism in older inpatients., Methods: GPSIs will measure cumulative incidences of thromboembolic and bleeding adverse events based on hospital discharge data linked to insurance claims data. Using linked administrative health data will improve GPSI risk adjustment on patients' conditions that are present at admission and will capture in-hospital and postdischarge adverse events. GQIs will estimate the proportion of index hospital stays resulting in recommended anticoagulation at discharge and up to various time frames based on the same electronic health data. The GPSI and GQI development and validation process will comprise 6 stages: (1) selection and specification of candidate indicators, (2) definition of administrative data-based algorithms, (3) empirical measurement of indicators using linked administrative health data, (4) validation of indicators, (5) analyses of geographic and temporal variations for reliable and valid indicators, and (6) data visualization., Results: Study populations will consist of 166,670 Swiss and 5,902,037 French residents aged 65 years and older admitted to an acute care hospital at least once during the 2012-2014 period and insured for at least 1 year before admission and 1 year after discharge. We will extract Swiss data from the Helsana Group data warehouse and French data from the national health insurance information system (SNIIR-AM). The study has been approved by Swiss and French ethics committees and regulatory organizations for data protection., Conclusions: Validated GPSIs and GQIs should help support and drive quality and safety improvement in older inpatients, inform health care stakeholders, and enable international comparisons. We discuss several limitations relating to the representativeness of study populations, accuracy of administrative health data, methods used for GPSI criterion validity assessment, and potential confounding bias in comparisons based on GQIs, and we address these limitations to strengthen study feasibility and validity., (©Marie-Annick Le Pogam, Catherine Quantin, Oliver Reich, Philippe Tuppin, Anne Fagot-Campagna, Fred Paccaud, Isabelle Peytremann-Bridevaux, Bernard Burnand. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 11.05.2017.)
Published: 2017
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47. Performance of targeted screening for the identification of hypertension in children.

Author: Bloetzer C, Bovet P, Paccaud F, Burnier M, and Chiolero A
Subjects: Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Blood Pressure, Hypertension epidemiology, Hypertension etiology, Hypertension physiopathology, Obesity complications, Obesity epidemiology, Obesity physiopathology
Abstract: Targeted screening of hypertension in childhood might be more efficient than universal screening. We estimated the sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values of combined parental history of hypertension and overweight/obesity for the diagnosis of hypertension in 5207 children aged 10-14 years. Children had hypertension if they had sustained elevated blood pressure over three separate visits. The prevalence of hypertension was 2.2%. 14% of children were overweight or obese, 20% had a positive history of hypertension in at least one parent and 30% had either or both conditions. Targeted screening of hypertension to children with either overweight/obesity or with hypertensive parents limits the proportion of children (30%) to screen and identifies up to 65% of all hypertensive cases.
Published: 2017
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48. Associations of sodium, potassium and protein intake with blood pressure and hypertension in Switzerland.

Author: Glatz N, Chappuis A, Conen D, Erne P, Péchère-Bertschi A, Guessous I, Forni V, Gabutti L, Muggli F, Gallino A, Hayoz D, Binet I, Suter P, Paccaud F, Bochud M, and Burnier M
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Hypertension drug therapy, Hypertension physiopathology, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Surveys and Questionnaires, Switzerland, Blood Pressure physiology, Dietary Proteins urine, Hypertension epidemiology, Potassium urine, Sodium, Dietary urine
Abstract: Background: Nutritional factors play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure and in the development of hypertension. In this analysis, we explored the associations of 24-hour urinary Na+, K+ and urea excretion with blood pressure levels and the risk of hypertension in the Swiss population, taking regional linguistic differences into account., Methods: The Swiss Survey on Salt is a population based cross-sectional study that included 1336 subjects from the three main linguistic regions (French, German and Italian) of Switzerland. Blood pressure was measured with a validated oscillometric Omron HEM 907 device. Hypertension was defined as current antihypertensive treatment or a mean systolic blood pressure >140 mm Hg and/or diastolic >90 mm Hg, based on eight blood pressure measurements performed at two visits. Na+, K+ and urea excretion were assessed in 24-hour urine collections. We use multiple logistic/linear regressions to explore the associations of urine Na+, K+ and urea with blood pressure / hypertension, taking into account potential confounders and effect modifiers., Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 30%, 26% and 17% in the German-, French- and Italian- speaking regions respectively, (p-value across regions <0.001). In the Swiss adult population, besides age, sex, and body mass index, urinary Na+ excretion was positively associated with systolic blood pressure and hypertension. Urinary K+ excretion tended to be negatively associated with blood pressure but this was not significant (p = 0.08). Hypertensive people had a higher 24-hour urinary Na+/K+ ratio than normotensive people (p = 0.003). Urinary urea excretion was associated with neither blood pressure nor hypertension. Participants from the German-speaking region had a higher likelihood of having a high systolic blood pressure., Conclusions: We confirm a high prevalence of elevated blood pressure in Swiss adults, including regional differences. In Switzerland, urinary Na+ excretion is associated positively with blood pressure and hypertension, independently of urinary K+ and urea excretion. The observed differences in blood pressure levels across linguistic regions are independent of the urinary Na+, K+ and urea excretion.
Published: 2017
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49. Interventions promoting healthy eating as a tool for reducing social inequalities in diet in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.

Author: Mayén AL, de Mestral C, Zamora G, Paccaud F, Marques-Vidal P, Bovet P, and Stringhini S
Subjects: Africa, Americas, Humans, Iran, Poverty, Developing Countries, Diet, Healthy, Health Education, Health Promotion methods, Social Class
Abstract: Introduction: Diet is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and is also strongly patterned by socioeconomic factors. Whether interventions promoting healthy eating reduce social inequalities in diet in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remains uncertain. This paper aims to summarize current evidence on interventions promoting healthy eating in LMICs, and to establish whether they reduce social inequalities in diet., Methods: Systematic review of cross-sectional or quasi-experimental studies (pre- and post-assessment of interventions) in Pubmed, Scielo and Google Scholar databases, including adults in LMICs, assessing at least one outcome of healthy eating and showing results stratified by socioeconomic status., Results: Seven intervention studies including healthy eating promotion, conducted in seven LMICs (Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Iran, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, and Tunisia), met our inclusion criteria. To promote healthy eating, all interventions used nutrition education and three of them combined nutrition education with improved acces to foods or social support. Interventions targeted mostly women and varied widely regarding communication tools and duration of the nutrition education sessions. Most interventions used printed material, media use or face-to-face training and lasted from 6 weeks to 5 years. Four interventions targeted disadvantaged populations, and three targeted the entire population. In three out of four interventions targeting disadvantaged populations, healthy eating outcomes were improved suggesting they were likely to reduce social inequalities in diet. All interventions directed to the entire population showed improved healthy eating outcomes in all social strata, and were considered as having no impact on social inequalities in diet., Conclusion: In LMICs, agentic interventions promoting healthy eating reduced social inequalities in diet when specifically targeting disadvantaged populations. Further research should assess the impact on social inequalities in diet of a combination of agentic and structural approaches in interventions promoting healthy eating.
Published: 2016
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50. Educational differences in dietary intake and compliance with dietary recommendations in a Swiss adult population.

Author: Mayén AL, Guessous I, Paccaud F, Stringhini S, and Marques-Vidal P
Subjects: Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet Surveys, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Distribution, Switzerland, Diet statistics & numerical data, Educational Status, Energy Intake, Guideline Adherence statistics & numerical data, Nutrition Policy
Abstract: Objectives: This study assessed the impact of education on diet and compliance with the national recommendations., Methods: The study included 4338 adult participants of the Colaus study, a cross-sectional, population-based study conducted between 2009 and 2012 in Lausanne (Switzerland). Education was categorized as primary, apprenticeship, secondary, and tertiary., Results: Men with primary vs. tertiary education had a lower intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (29.4 vs. 30.9 g/day), iron (11.4 vs. 11.8 mg/day), vitamin A (758.2 vs. 904.2 retinol equivalents/day), and vitamin D (2.3 vs. 3.0 μg/day). Women with primary vs. tertiary education had a lower intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (25.5 vs. 27.4 g/day), fiber (15.6 vs. 17.2 g/day) and iron (9.8 vs. 10.3 mg/day). Men with primary vs. tertiary education had a better compliance with protein recommendations [odds ratio (95 % CI): 2.31 (1.37; 3.90)], while women with primary vs. tertiary education had a better compliance with vitamin A recommendations [odds ratio 1.74 (1.15; 2.65)]., Conclusions: Overall, our results do not confirm a unidirectional association between education and diet, and question the approach of targeted interventions alone in selected educational groups to prevent chronic diseases.
Published: 2016
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