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Your search keyword '"O'Brien, Carmel M"' showing total 20 results
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20 results on '"O'Brien, Carmel M"'

2. New Monoclonal Antibodies to Defined Cell Surface Proteins on Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Author

O'Brien, Carmel M, Chy, Hun S, Zhou, Qi, Blumenfeld, Shiri, Lambshead, Jack W, Liu, Xiaodong, Kie, Joshua, Capaldo, Bianca D, Chung, Tung‐Liang, Adams, Timothy E, Phan, Tram, Bentley, John D, McKinstry, William J, Oliva, Karen, McMurrick, Paul J, Wang, Yu‐Chieh, Rossello, Fernando J, Lindeman, Geoffrey J, Chen, Di, Jarde, Thierry, Clark, Amander T, Abud, Helen E, Visvader, Jane E, Nefzger, Christian M, Polo, Jose M, Loring, Jeanne F, and Laslett, Andrew L

Subjects
Medical Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell - Human, Cancer, Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell, Breast Cancer, Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell Research - Embryonic - Human, Stem Cell Research, Biotechnology, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Underpinning research, Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 5.2 Cellular and gene therapies, Generic health relevance, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antigens, Surface, Cell Culture Techniques, Cell Differentiation, Cell Self Renewal, Down-Regulation, Embryoid Bodies, Flow Cytometry, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Humans, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Octamer Transcription Factor-3, Pluripotent Stem Cells, Pluripotency, Human embryonic stem cells, Human iPS cells, Naive, Breast, Colorectal, Cell surface markers, Monoclonal antibodies, Technology, Medical and Health Sciences, Immunology, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

The study and application of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) will be enhanced by the availability of well-characterized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) detecting cell-surface epitopes. Here, we report generation of seven new mAbs that detect cell surface proteins present on live and fixed human ES cells (hESCs) and human iPS cells (hiPSCs), confirming our previous prediction that these proteins were present on the cell surface of hPSCs. The mAbs all show a high correlation with POU5F1 (OCT4) expression and other hPSC surface markers (TRA-160 and SSEA-4) in hPSC cultures and detect rare OCT4 positive cells in differentiated cell cultures. These mAbs are immunoreactive to cell surface protein epitopes on both primed and naive state hPSCs, providing useful research tools to investigate the cellular mechanisms underlying human pluripotency and states of cellular reprogramming. In addition, we report that subsets of the seven new mAbs are also immunoreactive to human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), normal human breast subsets and both normal and tumorigenic colorectal cell populations. The mAbs reported here should accelerate the investigation of the nature of pluripotency, and enable development of robust cell separation and tracing technologies to enrich or deplete for hPSCs and other human stem and somatic cell types. Stem Cells 2017;35:626-640.

Published
2017

5. Reprogramming roadmap reveals route to human induced trophoblast stem cells

Author

Liu, Xiaodong, Ouyang, John F., Rossello, Fernando J., Tan, Jia Ping, Davidson, Kathryn C., Valdes, Daniela S., Schröder, Jan, Sun, Yu B. Y., Chen, Joseph, Knaupp, Anja S., Sun, Guizhi, Chy, Hun S., Huang, Ziyi, Pflueger, Jahnvi, Firas, Jaber, Tano, Vincent, Buckberry, Sam, Paynter, Jacob M., Larcombe, Michael R., Poppe, Daniel, Choo, Xin Yi, O’Brien, Carmel M., Pastor, William A., Chen, Di, Leichter, Anna L., Naeem, Haroon, Tripathi, Pratibha, Das, Partha P., Grubman, Alexandra, Powell, David R., Laslett, Andrew L., David, Laurent, Nilsson, Susan K., Clark, Amander T., Lister, Ryan, Nefzger, Christian M., Martelotto, Luciano G., Rackham, Owen J. L., and Polo, Jose M.

Published
2020
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6. Functionalized Collagen I Membranes as a Bruch’s Membrane Mimetic for Outer Retinal In VitroModels

Author

Murphy, Ashley R., Ng, Xuen Jen, Lidgerwood, Grace, Pébay, Alice, Truong, Yen B., O’Brien, Carmel M., and Glattauer, Veronica

Abstract

Physiologically relevant in vitromodels of the human outer retina are required to better elucidate the complex interplay of retinal tissue layers and investigate their role in retinal degenerative disorders. Materials currently used to mimic the function of Bruch’s membrane fail to replicate a range of important structural, mechanical, and biochemical properties. Here, we detail the fabrication of a surface-functionalized, fibrous collagen I membrane. We demonstrate its ability to better replicate a range of important material properties akin to the function of human Bruch’s membrane when compared with a commonly utilized synthetic polyethylene terephthalate alternative. We further reveal the ability of this membrane to support the culture of the ARPE-19 cell line, as well as human pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE-like cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. This material could provide greater physiological relevance to the native Bruch’s membrane than current synthetic materials and further improve the outcomes of in vitroouter retinal models.

Published
2024
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9. Use of Human Lung Tissue Models for Screening of Drugs Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Author

McAuley, Alexander J, primary, Jansen van Vuren, Petrus, additional, Mohammed, Muzaffar-Ur-Rehman, additional, Faheem, Faheem, additional, Goldie, Sarah, additional, Riddell, Shane, additional, Gödde, Nathan J, additional, Styles, Ian K, additional, Bruce, Matthew P, additional, Chahal, Simran, additional, Keating, Stephanie, additional, Blasdell, Kim R, additional, Tachedjian, Mary, additional, O'Brien, Carmel M, additional, Singanallur, Nagendrakumar Balasubramanian, additional, Viana, John Noel, additional, Vashi, Aditya V, additional, Kirkpatrick, Carl M, additional, MacRaild, Christopher A, additional, Shah, Rohan M, additional, Vincan, Elizabeth, additional, Athan, Eugene, additional, Creek, Darren J, additional, Trevaskis, Natalie L, additional, Murugesan, Sankaranarayanan, additional, Kumar, Anupama, additional, and Vasan, Seshadri S, additional

Published
2022
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11. Use of Human Lung Tissue Models for Screening of Drugs against SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Author

McAuley, Alexander J., Jansen van Vuren, Petrus, Mohammed, Muzaffar-Ur-Rehman, Faheem, Goldie, Sarah, Riddell, Shane, Gödde, Nathan J., Styles, Ian K., Bruce, Matthew P., Chahal, Simran, Keating, Stephanie, Blasdell, Kim R., Tachedjian, Mary, O'Brien, Carmel M., Singanallur, Nagendrakumar Balasubramanian, Viana, John Noel, Vashi, Aditya V., Kirkpatrick, Carl M., MacRaild, Christopher A., and Shah, Rohan M.

Subjects
LUNGS, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, MEDICAL screening, SARS-CoV-2, DRUGS
Abstract

The repurposing of licenced drugs for use against COVID-19 is one of the most rapid ways to develop new and alternative therapeutic options to manage the ongoing pandemic. Given circa 7817 licenced compounds available from Compounds Australia that can be screened, this paper demonstrates the utility of commercially available ex vivo/3D airway and alveolar tissue models. These models are a closer representation of in vivo studies than in vitro models, but retain the benefits of rapid in vitro screening for drug efficacy. We demonstrate that several existing drugs appear to show anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity against both SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron Variants of Concern in the airway model. In particular, fluvoxamine, as well as aprepitant, everolimus, and sirolimus, has virus reduction efficacy comparable to the current standard of care (remdesivir, molnupiravir, nirmatrelvir). Whilst these results are encouraging, further testing and efficacy studies are required before clinical use can be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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14. Novel role of SARM1 mediated axonal degeneration in the pathogenesis of rabies

Author

Sundaramoorthy, Vinod, Green, Diane, Locke, Kelly, O'Brien, Carmel M., Dearnley, Megan, Bingham, John, Sundaramoorthy, Vinod, Green, Diane, Locke, Kelly, O'Brien, Carmel M., Dearnley, Megan, and Bingham, John

Abstract

Neurotropic viral infections continue to pose a serious threat to human and animal wellbeing. Host responses combatting the invading virus in these infections often cause irreversible damage to the nervous system, resulting in poor prognosis. Rabies is the most lethal neurotropic virus, which specifically infects neurons and spreads through the host nervous system by retrograde axonal transport. The key pathogenic mechanisms associated with rabies infection and axonal transmission in neurons remains unclear. Here we studied the pathogenesis of different field isolates of lyssavirus including rabies using ex-vivo model systems generated with mouse primary neurons derived from the peripheral and central nervous systems. In this study, we show that neurons activate selective and compartmentalized degeneration of their axons and dendrites in response to infection with different field strains of lyssavirus. We further show that this axonal degeneration is mediated by the loss of NAD and calpain-mediated digestion of key structural proteins such as MAP2 and neurofilament. We then analysed the role of SARM1 gene in rabies infection, which has been shown to mediate axonal self-destruction during injury. We show that SARM1 is required for the accelerated execution of rabies induced axonal degeneration and the deletion of SARM1 gene significantly delayed axonal degeneration in rabies infected neurons. Using a microfluidic-based ex-vivo neuronal model, we show that SARM1-mediated axonal degeneration impedes the spread of rabies virus among interconnected neurons. However, this neuronal defense mechanism also results in the pathological loss of axons and dendrites. This study therefore identifies a potential host-directed mechanism behind neurological dysfunction in rabies infection. This study also implicates a novel role of SARM1 mediated axonal degeneration in neurotropic viral infection.&nbsp

Published
2020

18. Comprehensive characterization of distinct states of human naive pluripotency generated by reprogramming

Author

Liu, Xiaodong, primary, Nefzger, Christian M, additional, Rossello, Fernando J, additional, Chen, Joseph, additional, Knaupp, Anja S, additional, Firas, Jaber, additional, Ford, Ethan, additional, Pflueger, Jahnvi, additional, Paynter, Jacob M, additional, Chy, Hun S, additional, O'Brien, Carmel M, additional, Huang, Cheng, additional, Mishra, Ketan, additional, Hodgson-Garms, Margeaux, additional, Jansz, Natasha, additional, Williams, Sarah M, additional, Blewitt, Marnie E, additional, Nilsson, Susan K, additional, Schittenhelm, Ralf B, additional, Laslett, Andrew L, additional, Lister, Ryan, additional, and Polo, Jose M, additional

Published
2017
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20. Glycosyltransferase ST6GAL1 contributes to the regulation of pluripotency in human pluripotent stem cells

Author

Wang, Yu-Chieh, primary, Stein, Jason W., additional, Lynch, Candace L., additional, Tran, Ha T., additional, Lee, Chia-Yao, additional, Coleman, Ronald, additional, Hatch, Adam, additional, Antontsev, Victor G., additional, Chy, Hun S., additional, O’Brien, Carmel M., additional, Murthy, Shashi K., additional, Laslett, Andrew L., additional, Peterson, Suzanne E., additional, and Loring, Jeanne F., additional

Published
2015
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