9,492 results on '"Nunn, A"'
Search Results
2. Data-driven fingerprint nanomechanical mass spectrometry
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Sader, John E., Gomez, Alfredo, Neumann, Adam P., Nunn, Alexander R., and Roukes, Michael L.
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
Fingerprint analysis is a ubiquitous tool for pattern recognition with applications spanning from geolocation and DNA analysis to facial recognition and forensic identification. Central to its utility is the ability to provide accurate identification without an a priori mathematical model for the pattern. We report a data-driven fingerprint approach for nanoelectromechanical systems mass spectrometry (NEMS-MS) that enables mass measurements of particles and molecules using complex, uncharacterized nanoelectromechanical devices of arbitrary specification. NEMS-MS is based on the frequency shifts of the NEMS vibrational modes induced by analyte adsorption. The sequence of frequency shifts constitutes a fingerprint of this adsorption, which is directly amenable to pattern matching. Two current requirements of NEMS-based mass spectrometry are: (1) a priori knowledge or measurement of the device mode-shapes, and (2) a mode-shape-based model that connects the induced modal frequency shifts to mass adsorption. This may not be possible for advanced NEMS with three-dimensional mode-shapes and nanometer-sized features. The advance reported here eliminates this impediment, thereby allowing device designs of arbitrary specification and size to be employed. This enables the use of advanced NEMS devices with complex vibrational modes, which offer unprecedented prospects for attaining the ultimate detection limits of nanoelectromechanical mass spectrometry., Comment: 41 pages, 14 figures
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- 2024
3. Noiseless Loss Suppression for Entanglement Distribution
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Nunn, Cory M., Jones, Daniel E., Pittman, Todd B., and Kirby, Brian T.
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
Recent work by Mi\v{c}uda et al. (arXiv:1206.2852v1) suggests that pairing noiseless amplification with noiseless attenuation can conditionally suppress loss terms in the direct transmission of quantum states. Here we extend this work to entangled states: first, we explore bipartite states, specifically the two-mode squeezed vacuum (TMSV) and NOON states; and second, we examine M-partite states, concentrating on W and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states. In analogy with the original proposal, our results demonstrate that in each case under consideration, a correct combination of attenuation and amplification techniques before and after transmission through a pure loss channel can restore the initial quantum state. However, we find that for both W and NOON states, the noiseless attenuation is redundant and not required to achieve loss term suppression. This work clarifies the role of noiseless attenuation when paired with noiseless amplification for entanglement distribution and provides an operational example of how GHZ and W state entanglement differs., Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures
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- 2024
4. A Logic for Reasoning About Aggregate-Combine Graph Neural Networks
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Nunn, Pierre, Sälzer, Marco, Schwarzentruber, François, and Troquard, Nicolas
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Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science - Abstract
We propose a modal logic in which counting modalities appear in linear inequalities. We show that each formula can be transformed into an equivalent graph neural network (GNN). We also show that a broad class of GNNs can be transformed efficiently into a formula, thus significantly improving upon the literature about the logical expressiveness of GNNs. We also show that the satisfiability problem is PSPACE-complete. These results bring together the promise of using standard logical methods for reasoning about GNNs and their properties, particularly in applications such as GNN querying, equivalence checking, etc. We prove that such natural problems can be solved in polynomial space., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2307.05150
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- 2024
5. High-precision chemical quantum sensing in flowing monodisperse microdroplets
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Sarkar, Adrisha, Jones, Zachary, Parashar, Madhur, Druga, Emanuel, Akkiraju, Amala, Conti, Sophie, Krishnamoorthi, Pranav, Nachuri, Srisai, Aman, Parker, Hashemi, Mohammad, Nunn, Nicholas, Torelli, Marco, Gilbert, Benjamin, Wilson, Kevin R., Shenderova, Olga, Tanjore, Deepti, and Ajoy, Ashok
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Quantum Physics ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Physics - Applied Physics ,Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods - Abstract
We report on a novel flow-based method for high-precision chemical detection that integrates quantum sensing with droplet microfluidics. We deploy nanodiamond particles hosting fluorescent nitrogen vacancy defects as quantum sensors in flowing, monodisperse, picoliter-volume microdroplets containing analyte molecules. ND motion within these microcompartments facilitates close sensor-analyte interaction and mitigates particle heterogeneity. Microdroplet flow rates are rapid (upto 4cm/s) and with minimal drift. Pairing this controlled flow with microwave control of NV electronic spins, we introduce a new noise-suppressed mode of Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance that is sensitive to chemical analytes while resilient against experimental variations, achieving detection of analyte-induced signals at an unprecedented level of a few hundredths of a percent of the ND fluorescence. We demonstrate its application to detecting paramagnetic ions in droplets with simultaneously low limit-of-detection and low analyte volumes, in a manner significantly better than existing technologies. This is combined with exceptional measurement stability over >103s and across hundreds of thousands of droplets, while utilizing minimal sensor volumes and incurring low ND costs (<$0.70 for an hour of operation). Additionally, we demonstrate using these droplets as micro-confinement chambers by co-encapsulating ND quantum sensors with analytes, including single cells. This versatility suggests wide-ranging applications, like single-cell metabolomics and real-time intracellular measurements in bioreactors. Our work paves the way for portable, high-sensitivity, amplification-free, chemical assays with high throughput; introduces a new chemical imaging tool for probing chemical reactions in microenvironments; and establishes the foundation for developing movable, arrayed quantum sensors through droplet microfluidics.
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- 2024
6. Giant exchange splitting in the electronic structure of A-type 2D antiferromagnet CrSBr
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Watson, Matthew D., Acharya, Swagata, Nunn, James E., Nagireddy, Laxman, Pashov, Dimitar, Rösner, Malte, van Schilfgaarde, Mark, Wilson, Neil R., and Cacho, Cephise
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Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We present the evolution of the electronic structure of CrSBr from its antiferromagnetic ground state to the paramagnetic phase above T_N=132 K, in both experiment and theory. Low temperature angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) results are obtained using a novel method to overcome sample charging issues, revealing quasi-2D valence bands in the ground state. The results are very well reproduced by our QSG\^W calculations, which further identify certain bands at the X points to be exchange-split pairs of states with mainly Br and S character. By tracing band positions as a function of temperature, we show the splitting disappears above T_N. The energy splitting is interpreted as an effective exchange splitting in individual layers in which the Cr moments all align, within the so-called A-type antiferromagnetic arrangement. Our results lay firm foundations for the interpretation of the many other intriguing physical and optical properties of CrSBr., Comment: Published open access at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41699-024-00492-7 including supplementary information
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- 2024
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7. Tunnel junctions based on interfacial 2D ferroelectrics
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Gao, Yunze, Weston, Astrid, Enaldiev, Vladimir, Castanon, Eli, Wang, Wendong, Nunn, James E., Carl, Amy, De Latour, Hugo, Li, Xiao, Summerfield, Alex, Kretinin, Andrey, Clark, Nicholas, Wilson, Neil, Falko, Vladimir I., and Gorbachev, Roman
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Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
Van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures have opened new opportunities to develop atomically thin (opto)electronic devices with a wide range of functionalities. The recent focus on manipulating the interlayer twist angle has led to the observation of out-of-plane room temperature ferroelectricity in twisted rhombohedral (R) bilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Here we explore the switching behaviour of sliding ferroelectricity using scanning probe microscopy domain mapping and tunnelling transport measurements. We observe well-pronounced ambipolar switching behaviour in ferroelectric tunnelling junctions (FTJ) with composite ferroelectric/non-polar insulator barriers and support our experimental results with complementary theoretical modelling. Furthermore, we show that the switching behaviour is strongly influenced by the underlying domain structure, allowing fabrication of diverse FTJ devices with various functionalities. We show that to observe the polarisation reversal, at least one partial dislocation must be present in the device area. This behaviour is drastically different from that of conventional ferroelectric materials and its understanding is an important milestone for future development of optoelectronic devices based on sliding ferroelectricity., Comment: 3 figures
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- 2024
8. Drug-resistant tuberculosis treatments, the case for a phase III platform trial/Traitements contre la tuberculose pharmacoresistante, arguments en faveur d'un essai plateforme de phase III/Tratamientos de la tuberculosis resistente a los farmacos, argumentos a favor de un ensayo de plataforma en fase III
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Yates, Tom A., Barnes, Samara, Dedicoat, Martin, Kon, Onn Min, Kunst, Heinke, Lipman, Marc, Millington, Kerry A., Nunn, Andrew J., Phillips, Patrick P.J., Potter, Jessica L., and Squire, S. Bertel
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Drug resistance -- Care and treatment ,Rifampin -- Complications and side effects -- Patient outcomes ,Tuberculosis -- Drug therapy -- Patient outcomes ,Isoniazid -- Complications and side effects -- Patient outcomes - Abstract
Most phase III trials in drug-resistant tuberculosis have either been underpowered to quantify differences in microbiological endpoints or have taken up to a decade to complete. Composite primary endpoints, dominated by differences in treatment discontinuation and regimen changes, may mask important differences in treatment failure and relapse. Although new regimens for drug-resistant tuberculosis appear very effective, resistance to new drugs is emerging rapidly. There is a need for shorter, safer and more tolerable regimens, including those active against bedaquiline-resistant tuberculosis. Transitioning from multiple regimen A versus regimen B trials to a single large phase III platform trial would accelerate the acquisition of robust estimates of relative efficacy and safety. Further efficiencies could be achieved by adopting modern adaptive platform designs. Collaboration among trialists, affected community representatives, funders and regulators is essential for developing such a phase III platform trial for drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment regimens. La majorite des essais de phase III relatifs a la tuberculose pharmacoreslstante soit n'etaient pas assez puissants pour quantifier les fluctuations au niveau des criteres microbiologiques, soit etaient trop longs, se poursuivant parfois pendant dix ans. Les criteres primaires composites, domines par des differences dans l'interruption du traitement et les changements de schema, pourraient dissimuler d'importantes variations en termes d'echec therapeutique et de rechute. Bien que les nouveaux traitements contre la tuberculose pharmacoresistante semblent tres efficaces, la resistance aux nouveaux medicaments evolue rapidement. Il est donc necessaire d'opter pour des traitements plus courts, plus surs et mieux toleres, y compris ceux actifs contre la tuberculose resistant a la bedaquiline. Delaisser la multitude d'essais opposant un schema de traitement A a un schema de traitement B pour se diriger vers un unique essai plateforme de phase III de grande envergure permettrait d'obtenir plus vite des estimations solides concernant l'innocuite et l'efficacite relative. En outre, adopter des modeles de plateforme modernes et adaptatifs contribuerait a de meilleures performances. Enfin, la collaboration entre investigateurs, representants des communautes concernees, bailleurs de fonds et organismes de reglementation est essentielle a l'elaboration de ce type d'essai plateforme de phase III sur les traitements contre la tuberculose pharmacoresistante. La mayoria de los ensayos en fase III sobre tuberculosis resistente a los farmacos no ha tenido la potencia suficiente para cuantificar diferencias en los criterios de valoracion microbiologicos o ha tardado hasta una decada en completarse. Los criterios de valoracion principales compuestos, dominados por las diferencias en la interrupcion del tratamiento y los cambios de regimen, pueden ocultar diferencias importantes en el fracaso del tratamiento y la recaida. Aunque los nuevos regimenes de tratamiento para la tuberculosis resistente a los farmacos parecen muy eficaces, la resistencia a los nuevos farmacos esta apareciendo rapidamente. Se necesitan regimenes de tratamiento mas cortos, seguros y tolerables, incluidos los activos contra la tuberculosis resistente a la bedaquilina. La transicion de multiples ensayos de regimen A frente a regimen B a un unico gran ensayo de plataforma en fase III aceleraria la obtencion de estimaciones solidas de la eficacia y seguridad relativas. Podrian lograrse mayores eficiencias si se adoptaran disenos de plataforma adaptativos modernos. La colaboracion entre los autores de los ensayos, los representantes de las comunidades afectadas, los financiadores y los reguladores es esencial para desarrollar un ensayo de plataforma en fase III de este tipo para los regimenes de tratamiento de la tuberculosis resistente a los farmacos., Introduction Rifampicin and isoniazid are key drugs in treatment regimens for drug-susceptible tuberculosis. Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (tuberculosis which is resistant to both isoniazid and rifampicin) are managed similarly, [...]
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- 2024
9. Thickness-dependent insulator-to-metal transition in epitaxial RuO2 films
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Rajapitamahuni, Anil Kumar, Nair, Sreejith, Yang, Zhifei, Manjeshwar, Anusha Kamath, Jeong, Seung Gyo, Nunn, William, and Jalan, Bharat
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
Epitaxially grown RuO2 films on TiO2 (110) exhibit significant in-plane strain anisotropy, with a compressive strain of - 4.7% along the [001] crystalline direction and a tensile strain of +2.3% along [1-10]. As the film thickness increases, anisotropic strain relaxation is expected. By fabricating Hall bar devices with current channels along two in-plane directions <001> and <1-10>, we revealed anisotropic in-plane transport in RuO2/TiO2 (110) films grown via solid-source metal-organic molecular beam epitaxy approach. For film thicknesses (t_film) < 3.6 nm, the resistivity along <001> exceeds that along <1-10> direction at all temperatures. With further decrease in film thicknesses, we uncover a transition from metallic to insulating behavior at t_film <2.1 nm. Our combined temperature- and magnetic field-dependent electrical transport measurements reveal that this transition from metallic to insulating behavior is driven by electron-electron interactions., Comment: 15 pages
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- 2023
10. Opioid-related deaths in Northern Ontario in the early COVID-19 pandemic period
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Nunn, Alexandra, Perri, Amanda M., Gordon, Hilary, Harding, John P. D., Loo, C. K. Jennifer, and Tuinema, John
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- 2024
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11. Patient Preference for Subcutaneous Versus Intravenous Administration with Every-6-Week Natalizumab (Tysabri®) Dosing: NOVA Phase IIIb Extension Study (Part 2)
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Wiendl, Heinz, Foley, John, Defer, Gilles, Zhovtis Ryerson, Lana, Cohen, Jeffrey A., Arnold, Douglas L., Butzkueven, Helmut, Cutter, Gary R., Giovannoni, Gavin, Killestein, Joep, Domingo-Horne, Rose, Toukam, Marie, Nunn, Aimie, Maghzi, Amir-Hadi, Kuhelj, Robert, and Lasky, Tyler
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- 2024
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12. Factors influencing European river lamprey passage at a tidal river barrier
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Lothian, Angus J., Bolland, Jonathan D., Albright, Atticus J., Jubb, William M., Bubb, Damian H., Noble, Richard A. A., Nunn, Andrew D., Dodd, Jamie R., Tummers, Jeroen S., and Lucas, Martyn C.
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- 2024
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13. Unmet healthcare needs, access to services and experiences with health providers among persons with spinal cord injury in Australia
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Borg, Samantha J., Borg, David N., Arora, Mohit, Middleton, James W., Marshall, Ruth, Nunn, Andrew, and Geraghty, Timothy
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- 2024
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14. Shaping of Magnetic Field Coils in Fusion Reactors using Bayesian Optimisation
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Nunn, Timothy, Gopakumar, Vignesh, and Kahn, Sebastien
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Physics - Plasma Physics ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
Nuclear fusion using magnetic confinement holds promise as a viable method for sustainable energy. However, most fusion devices have been experimental and as we move towards energy reactors, we are entering into a new paradigm of engineering. Curating a design for a fusion reactor is a high-dimensional multi-output optimisation process. Through this work we demonstrate a proof-of-concept of an AI-driven strategy to help explore the design search space and identify optimum parameters. By utilising a Multi-Output Bayesian Optimisation scheme, our strategy is capable of identifying the Pareto front associated with the optimisation of the toroidal field coil shape of a tokamak. The optimisation helps to identify design parameters that would minimise the costs incurred while maximising the plasma stability by way of minimising magnetic ripples., Comment: NeurIPS 2022 Workshop on Gaussian Processes, Spatiotemporal Modeling, and Decision-making Systems
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- 2023
15. Revealing the conduction band and pseudovector potential in 2D moir\'e semiconductors
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Graham, Abigail J., Park, Heonjoon, Nguyen, Paul V., Nunn, James, Kandyba, Viktor, Cattelan, Mattia, Giampietri, Alessio, Barinov, Alexei, Watanabe, Kenji, Taniguchi, Takashi, Andreev, Anton, Rudner, Mark, Xu, Xiaodong, Wilson, Neil R., and Cobden, David H.
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Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
Stacking monolayer semiconductors results in moir\'e patterns that host many correlated and topological electronic phenomena, but measurements of the basic electronic structure underpinning these phenomena are scarce. Here, we investigate the properties of the conduction band in moir\'e heterobilayers using submicron angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with electrostatic gating, focusing on the example of WS2/WSe2. We find that at all twist angles the conduction band edge is the K-point valley of the WS2, with a band gap of 1.58 +- 0.03 eV. By resolving the conduction band dispersion, we observe an unexpectedly small effective mass of 0.15 +- 0.02 m_e. In addition, we observe replicas of the conduction band displaced by reciprocal lattice vectors of the moir\'e superlattice. We present arguments and evidence that the replicas are due to modification of the conduction band states by the moir\'e potential rather than to final-state diffraction. Interestingly, the replicas display an intensity pattern with reduced, 3-fold symmetry, which we show implicates the pseudo vector potential associated with in-plane strain in moir\'e band formation., Comment: Main text: 12 pages, 4 figures. Appended Supporting Information: 10 pages, 11 figures
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- 2023
16. Fast, low-loss all-optical phase modulation in warm rubidium vapour
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Davis, William, Burdekin, Paul, Wasawo, Tabijah, Thomas, Sarah E, Mosley, Peter J, Nunn, Joshua, and McGarry, Cameron
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Quantum Physics ,Physics - Atomic Physics - Abstract
Low-loss high-speed switches are an integral component of future photonic quantum technologies, with applications in state generation, multiplexing, and the implementation of quantum gates. Phase modulation is one method of achieving this switching, but existing optical phase modulators either achieve high bandwidth or low loss, but not both. We demonstrate fast ($100\,\mathrm{MHz}$ bandwidth), low-loss ($83\pm2\%$ transmission) phase shifting ($\Delta\phi = (0.90\pm0.05)\pi$) in a signal field, induced by a control field, and mediated by the two-photon $5S_{1/2} \rightarrow{} 5P_{3/2} \rightarrow{} 5D_{5/2}$ transition in $^{87}\text{Rb}$ vapour. We discuss routes to enhance both performance and scalability for application to a range of quantum and classical technologies., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, this version includes more detailed simulation with collaborators from Imperial College London
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- 2023
17. Central venous access device adverse events in pediatric patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Nunn, Jenna L., Takashima, Mari D., Wray-Jones, Erin M., Soosay Raj, Trisha A., Hanna, Diane M. T., and Ullman, Amanda J.
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- 2024
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18. Single-cell analysis of chromatin accessibility in the adult mouse brain
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Zu, Songpeng, Li, Yang Eric, Wang, Kangli, Armand, Ethan J, Mamde, Sainath, Amaral, Maria Luisa, Wang, Yuelai, Chu, Andre, Xie, Yang, Miller, Michael, Xu, Jie, Wang, Zhaoning, Zhang, Kai, Jia, Bojing, Hou, Xiaomeng, Lin, Lin, Yang, Qian, Lee, Seoyeon, Li, Bin, Kuan, Samantha, Liu, Hanqing, Zhou, Jingtian, Pinto-Duarte, Antonio, Lucero, Jacinta, Osteen, Julia, Nunn, Michael, Smith, Kimberly A, Tasic, Bosiljka, Yao, Zizhen, Zeng, Hongkui, Wang, Zihan, Shang, Jingbo, Behrens, M Margarita, Ecker, Joseph R, Wang, Allen, Preissl, Sebastian, and Ren, Bing
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Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Bioinformatics and Computational Biology ,Genetics ,Biological Sciences ,Stem Cell Research ,Neurosciences ,Biotechnology ,Underpinning research ,1.1 Normal biological development and functioning ,Neurological ,Animals ,Humans ,Mice ,Brain ,Cerebral Cortex ,Chromatin ,Deep Learning ,DNA Transposable Elements ,Gene Regulatory Networks ,Neurons ,Single-Cell Analysis ,General Science & Technology - Abstract
Recent advances in single-cell technologies have led to the discovery of thousands of brain cell types; however, our understanding of the gene regulatory programs in these cell types is far from complete1-4. Here we report a comprehensive atlas of candidate cis-regulatory DNA elements (cCREs) in the adult mouse brain, generated by analysing chromatin accessibility in 2.3 million individual brain cells from 117 anatomical dissections. The atlas includes approximately 1 million cCREs and their chromatin accessibility across 1,482 distinct brain cell populations, adding over 446,000 cCREs to the most recent such annotation in the mouse genome. The mouse brain cCREs are moderately conserved in the human brain. The mouse-specific cCREs-specifically, those identified from a subset of cortical excitatory neurons-are strongly enriched for transposable elements, suggesting a potential role for transposable elements in the emergence of new regulatory programs and neuronal diversity. Finally, we infer the gene regulatory networks in over 260 subclasses of mouse brain cells and develop deep-learning models to predict the activities of gene regulatory elements in different brain cell types from the DNA sequence alone. Our results provide a resource for the analysis of cell-type-specific gene regulation programs in both mouse and human brains.
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- 2023
19. Single-cell DNA methylome and 3D multi-omic atlas of the adult mouse brain.
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Liu, Hanqing, Zeng, Qiurui, Zhou, Jingtian, Bartlett, Anna, Wang, Bang-An, Tian, Wei, Kenworthy, Mia, Altshul, Jordan, Nery, Joseph, Chen, Huaming, Castanon, Rosa, Zu, Songpeng, Li, Yang, Lucero, Jacinta, Osteen, Julia, Pinto-Duarte, Antonio, Lee, Jasper, Rink, Jon, Cho, Silvia, Emerson, Nora, Nunn, Michael, OConnor, Carolyn, Wu, Zhanghao, Stoica, Ion, Yao, Zizhen, Smith, Kimberly, Tasic, Bosiljka, Luo, Chongyuan, Dixon, Jesse, Zeng, Hongkui, Ren, Bing, Behrens, M, Ecker, Joseph, and Berube, Peter
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Animals ,Mice ,Brain ,Chromatin ,Cytosine ,Datasets as Topic ,DNA Methylation ,Epigenome ,Multiomics ,Single-Cell Analysis ,Transcription Factors ,Transcription ,Genetic - Abstract
Cytosine DNA methylation is essential in brain development and is implicated in various neurological disorders. Understanding DNA methylation diversity across the entire brain in a spatial context is fundamental for a complete molecular atlas of brain cell types and their gene regulatory landscapes. Here we used single-nucleus methylome sequencing (snmC-seq3) and multi-omic sequencing (snm3C-seq)1 technologies to generate 301,626 methylomes and 176,003 chromatin conformation-methylome joint profiles from 117 dissected regions throughout the adult mouse brain. Using iterative clustering and integrating with companion whole-brain transcriptome and chromatin accessibility datasets, we constructed a methylation-based cell taxonomy with 4,673 cell groups and 274 cross-modality-annotated subclasses. We identified 2.6 million differentially methylated regions across the genome that represent potential gene regulation elements. Notably, we observed spatial cytosine methylation patterns on both genes and regulatory elements in cell types within and across brain regions. Brain-wide spatial transcriptomics data validated the association of spatial epigenetic diversity with transcription and improved the anatomical mapping of our epigenetic datasets. Furthermore, chromatin conformation diversities occurred in important neuronal genes and were highly associated with DNA methylation and transcription changes. Brain-wide cell-type comparisons enabled the construction of regulatory networks that incorporate transcription factors, regulatory elements and their potential downstream gene targets. Finally, intragenic DNA methylation and chromatin conformation patterns predicted alternative gene isoform expression observed in a whole-brain SMART-seq2 dataset. Our study establishes a brain-wide, single-cell DNA methylome and 3D multi-omic atlas and provides a valuable resource for comprehending the cellular-spatial and regulatory genome diversity of the mouse brain.
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- 2023
20. Perspectives on a peer-driven intervention to promote pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake among men who have sex with men in southern New England: a qualitative study
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Jun Tao, Hannah Parent, Ishu Karki, Harrison Martin, Sarah Alexandra Marshall, Jhanavi Kapadia, Amy S. Nunn, Brandon D. L. Marshall, Henry F. Raymond, Leandro Mena, and Philip A. Chan
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Peer-driven intervention ,Men who have sex with men (MSM) ,HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) ,Black/African American ,Hispanic/Latino ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective pharmaceutical intervention that prevents HIV infection, but PrEP uptake across the US has been slow among men who have sex with men (MSM), especially among Black/African American (B/AA) and Hispanic /Latino (H/L) MSM. This study investigates the acceptability and essential components of a peer-driven intervention (PDI) for promoting PrEP uptake among MSM, with a specific focus on B/AA and H/L communities. Methods We conducted 28 semi-structured, qualitative interviews with MSM in southern New England to explore the components of a PDI, including attitudes, content, and effective communication methods. A purposive sampling strategy was used to recruit diverse participants who reflect the communities with the highest burden of HIV infection. Results Of 28 study participants, the median age was 28 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 25, 35). The sample comprised B/AA (39%, n = 11) and H/L (50%, n = 14) individuals. Notably, nearly half of the participants (46%) were current PrEP users. We found that many participants were in favor of using a PDI approach for promoting PrEP. Additionally, several participants showed interest in becoming peer educators themselves. They emphasized the need for strong communication skills to effectively teach others about PrEP. Moreover, participants noted that peer education should cover key topics like how PrEP works, how effective it is, and any possible side effects. Conclusions Our study shows that effective PDIs, facilitated by well-trained peers knowledgeable about PrEP, could enhance PrEP uptake among MSM, addressing health disparities and potentially reducing HIV transmission in B/AA and H/L communities.
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- 2024
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21. Giant exchange splitting in the electronic structure of A-type 2D antiferromagnet CrSBr
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Matthew D. Watson, Swagata Acharya, James E. Nunn, Laxman Nagireddy, Dimitar Pashov, Malte Rösner, Mark van Schilfgaarde, Neil R. Wilson, and Cephise Cacho
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Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Abstract We present the evolution of the electronic structure of CrSBr from its antiferromagnetic ground state to the paramagnetic phase above T N = 132 K, in both experiment and theory. Low-temperature angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) results are obtained using a novel method to overcome sample charging issues, revealing quasi-2D valence bands in the ground state. The results are very well reproduced by our $${\rm{QSG}}\hat{{\rm{W}}}$$ QSG W ̂ calculations, which further identify certain bands at the X points to be exchange-split pairs of states with mainly Br and S character. By tracing band positions as a function of temperature, we show the splitting disappears above T N . The energy splitting is interpreted as an effective exchange splitting in individual layers in which the Cr moments all align, within the so-called A-type antiferromagnetic arrangement. Our results lay firm foundations for the interpretation of the many other intriguing physical and optical properties of CrSBr.
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- 2024
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22. LATCHES – a memory aide for the principles of attachment for effective breastfeeding: findings of a regional pilot in the Northeast of England and North Cumbria
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Lynette Harland Shotton, Cheryl Elliot, Roslyn Nunn, and Kathryn Lane
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Breastfeeding ,Attachment ,Memory aide ,Mnemonic ,CHINS ,LATCHES ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background This paper outlines a pilot of a new memory aide for breastfeeding conducted in the Northeast of England and North Cumbria between April and August 2023. The United Kingdom has some of the lowest rates of breastfeeding, particularly in the Northeast of England, and as such more needs to be done to support mothers to breastfeed for as long as they would like to. Good support from health professionals can be effective in influencing decisions to breastfeed as well as helping to ensure initiation and continuation of breastfeeding but there is evidence to suggest that professionals and students do not always feel adequately trained and it is here, where memory aides may have value. Methods Key breastfeeding practitioners and educators were brought together to select one of two memory aides for principles of attachment for effective breastfeeding. The selected memory aide, LATCHS, was piloted with 57 participants with a key role in promotion and support of breastfeeding in the Northeast of England and North Cumbria. Results Participants conveyed mixed views about the proposed memory aide with more experienced staff reporting more favourable opinions than student midwives and early years practitioners. Experienced staff felt the new memory aide would complement an early memory aide, CHINS, which focused on principles of positioning. Discussion Findings of the pilot indicate there is a role for a mnemonic to help practitioners understand, recall, and retain theory around attachment for effective breastfeeding and that memory aides can play an important role in complementing existing approaches to education and practice. The participants felt the proposed memory aide had some limitations and suggested important ways for it to be improved, particularly in adding an E to reflect the expecting wording. This produced the final memory aide: LATCHES. Conclusion Using data from the pilot, the memory aide was refined, and the final version LATCHES agreed for wider dissemination. Future research is needed to understand the value of LATCHES on the wider breastfeeding workforce and whether any future improvements can be made to enhance its utility.
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- 2024
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23. The Devil’s Own – far more than a fusty male preserve
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Nunn, Alice
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- 2019
24. In search of Suffolk Nunns
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Nunn, Amanda
- Published
- 2019
25. A Modal Logic for Explaining some Graph Neural Networks
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Nunn, Pierre and Schwarzentruber, François
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Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science - Abstract
In this paper, we propose a modal logic in which counting modalities appear in linear inequalities. We show that each formula can be transformed into an equivalent graph neural network (GNN). We also show that each GNN can be transformed into a formula. We show that the satisfiability problem is decidable. We also discuss some variants that are in PSPACE.
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- 2023
26. Experimental storage of photonic polarization entanglement in a broadband loop-based quantum memory
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Evans, C. J., Nunn, C. M., Cheng, S. W. L., Franson, J. D., and Pittman, T. B.
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
We describe an experiment in which one member of a polarization-entangled photon pair is stored in an active "loop and switch" type quantum memory device, while the other propagates through a passive optical delay line. A comparison of Bell's inequality tests performed before and after the storage is used to investigate the ability of the memory to maintain entanglement, and demonstrate a rudimentary entanglement distribution protocol. The entangled photons are produced by a conventional Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion source with center wavelengths at 780 nm and bandwidths of $\sim$10 THz, while the memory has an even wider operational bandwidth that is enabled by the weakly dispersive nature of the Pockels effect used for polarization-insensitive switching in the loop-based quantum memory platform., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures
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- 2023
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27. INTERGENERATIONAL INTERVENTIONS TO CULTIVATE DEI-CHAMPIONS : INCREASED RESILIENCE AND ACCOUNTABILITY THROUGH “SHIPBOARD” EXPERIENCES
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Bryant, Raquel, Keisling, Benjamin A., Starks, Brian Chad, Nunn, Bella, White, Lisa D., Lewis, Jonathan C., and Cooper, Sharon
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- 2023
28. CMR reveals myocardial damage from cardiotoxic oncologic therapies in breast cancer patients
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Kersten, Johannes, Fink, Visnja, Kersten, Maria, May, Lisa, Nunn, Samuel, Tadic, Marijana, Huober, Jens, Bekes, Inga, Radermacher, Michael, Hombach, Vinzenz, Rottbauer, Wolfgang, and Buckert, Dominik
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- 2024
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29. ARPES signatures of few-layer twistronic graphenes
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Nunn, J. E., McEllistrim, A., Weston, A., Garcia-Ruiz, A., Watson, M. D., Mucha-Kruczynski, M., Cacho, C., Gorbachev, R., Fal'ko, V. I., and Wilson, N. R.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
Diverse emergent correlated electron phenomena have been observed in twisted graphene layers due to electronic interactions with the moir\'e superlattice potential. Many electronic structure predictions have been reported exploring this new field, but with few momentum-resolved electronic structure measurements to test them. Here we use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) to study the twist-dependent ($1^\circ < \theta < 8^\circ$) electronic band structure of few-layer graphenes, including twisted bilayer, monolayer-on-bilayer, and double-bilayer graphene (tDBG). Direct comparison is made between experiment and theory, using a hybrid $\textbf{k}\cdot\textbf{p}$ model for interlayer coupling and implementing photon-energy-dependent phase shifts for photo-electrons from consecutive layers to simulate ARPES spectra. Quantitative agreement between experiment and theory is found across twist angles, stacking geometries, and back-gate voltages, validating the models and revealing displacement field induced gap openings in twisted graphenes. However, for tDBG at $\theta=1.5\pm0.2^\circ$, close to the predicted magic-angle of $\theta=1.3^\circ$, a flat band is found near the Fermi-level with measured bandwidth of $E_w = 31\pm5$ meV. Analysis of the gap between the flat band and the next valence band shows significant deviations between experiment ($\Delta_h=46\pm5$meV) and the theoretical model ($\Delta_h=5$meV), indicative of the importance of lattice relaxation in this regime.
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- 2023
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30. Patient Preference for Subcutaneous Versus Intravenous Administration with Every-6-Week Natalizumab (Tysabri®) Dosing: NOVA Phase IIIb Extension Study (Part 2)
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Heinz Wiendl, John Foley, Gilles Defer, Lana Zhovtis Ryerson, Jeffrey A. Cohen, Douglas L. Arnold, Helmut Butzkueven, Gary R. Cutter, Gavin Giovannoni, Joep Killestein, Rose Domingo-Horne, Marie Toukam, Aimie Nunn, Amir-Hadi Maghzi, Robert Kuhelj, and Tyler Lasky
- Subjects
Extended interval dosing ,Intravenous ,Multiple sclerosis ,Natalizumab ,NOVA ,Patient preference ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract Introduction Following NOVA (part 1) and the approval of the subcutaneous (SC) route of administration of natalizumab by the European Medicines Agency, an extension phase of the NOVA phase IIIb study (part 2) was initiated to collect patient preference data for SC versus intravenous (IV) dosing in patients receiving every-6-week (Q6W) dosing of natalizumab. This study was performed to evaluate patient preference for SC versus IV natalizumab administration and explore the efficacy, safety, and pharmacology characteristics of both routes of administration. Methods In part 2, participants received natalizumab (Tysabri®) 300 mg via IV infusion Q6W for 36 weeks and then were randomized to 48 weeks of crossover treatment (24 weeks SC Q6W and 24 weeks IV Q6W, or vice versa). The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants who indicated a preference for natalizumab SC administration on the Patient Preference Questionnaire. Results A total of 153 participants were randomized in NOVA part 2. Of 123 with patient preference data, 108 (87.8%) preferred the SC route of administration for natalizumab over the IV route; 102 (82.9%) specified “requires less time in the clinic” as the reason for the SC preference. Conclusion In NOVA (part 2), most participants on Q6W dosing of natalizumab preferred SC administration versus IV administration. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03689972. Infographic
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- 2024
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31. Clinical trial results in context: comparison of baseline characteristics and outcomes of 38,510 RECOVERY trial participants versus a reference population of 346,271 people hospitalised with COVID-19 in England
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Guilherme Pessoa-Amorim, Raphael Goldacre, Charles Crichton, Will Stevens, Michelle Nunn, Andy King, Dave Murray, Richard Welsh, Heather Pinches, Andrew Rees, Eva J. A. Morris, Martin J. Landray, Richard Haynes, Peter Horby, Karl Wallendszus, Leon Peto, Mark Campbell, Charlie Harper, and Marion Mafham
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COVID-19 ,Randomised trials ,Evidence translation ,RECOVERY ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Randomised trials are essential to reliably assess medical interventions. Nevertheless, interpretation of such studies, particularly when considering absolute effects, is enhanced by understanding how the trial population may differ from the populations it aims to represent. Methods We compared baseline characteristics and mortality of RECOVERY participants recruited in England (n = 38,510) with a reference population hospitalised with COVID-19 in England (n = 346,271) from March 2020 to November 2021. We used linked hospitalisation and mortality data for both cohorts to extract demographics, comorbidity/frailty scores, and crude and age- and sex-adjusted 28-day all-cause mortality. Results Demographics of RECOVERY participants were broadly similar to the reference population, but RECOVERY participants were younger (mean age [standard deviation]: RECOVERY 62.6 [15.3] vs reference 65.7 [18.5] years) and less frequently female (37% vs 45%). Comorbidity and frailty scores were lower in RECOVERY, but differences were attenuated after age stratification. Age- and sex-adjusted 28-day mortality declined over time but was similar between cohorts across the study period (RECOVERY 23.7% [95% confidence interval: 23.3–24.1%]; vs reference 24.8% [24.6–25.0%]), except during the first pandemic wave in the UK (March–May 2020) when adjusted mortality was lower in RECOVERY. Conclusions Adjusted 28-day mortality in RECOVERY was similar to a nationwide reference population of patients admitted with COVID-19 in England during the same period but varied substantially over time in both cohorts. Therefore, the absolute effect estimates from RECOVERY were broadly applicable to the target population at the time but should be interpreted in the light of current mortality estimates. Trial registration ISRCTN50189673- Feb. 04, 2020, NCT04381936- May 11, 2020.
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- 2024
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32. Tunnel junctions based on interfacial two dimensional ferroelectrics
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Yunze Gao, Astrid Weston, Vladimir Enaldiev, Xiao Li, Wendong Wang, James E. Nunn, Isaac Soltero, Eli G. Castanon, Amy Carl, Hugo De Latour, Alex Summerfield, Matthew Hamer, James Howarth, Nicholas Clark, Neil R. Wilson, Andrey V. Kretinin, Vladimir I. Fal’ko, and Roman Gorbachev
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Van der Waals heterostructures have opened new opportunities to develop atomically thin (opto)electronic devices with a wide range of functionalities. The recent focus on manipulating the interlayer twist angle has led to the observation of out-of-plane room temperature ferroelectricity in twisted rhombohedral bilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides. Here we explore the switching behaviour of sliding ferroelectricity using scanning probe microscopy domain mapping and tunnelling transport measurements. We observe well-pronounced ambipolar switching behaviour in ferroelectric tunnelling junctions with composite ferroelectric/non-polar insulator barriers and support our experimental results with complementary theoretical modelling. Furthermore, we show that the switching behaviour is strongly influenced by the underlying domain structure, allowing the fabrication of diverse ferroelectric tunnelling junction devices with various functionalities. We show that to observe the polarisation reversal, at least one partial dislocation must be present in the device area. This behaviour is drastically different from that of conventional ferroelectric materials, and its understanding is an important milestone for the future development of optoelectronic devices based on sliding ferroelectricity.
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- 2024
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33. Vegetation structure drives mosquito community composition in UK’s largest managed lowland wetland
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Daniel C. Smith, Stefanie M. Schäfer, Nick Golding, Miles A. Nunn, Steven M. White, Amanda Callaghan, and Bethan V. Purse
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Mosquito ,Wetlands ,Management ,Disease ,Community ecology ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Purpose The rising burden of mosquito-borne diseases in Europe extends beyond urban areas, encompassing rural and semi-urban regions near managed and natural wetlands evidenced by recent outbreaks of Usutu and West Nile viruses. While wetland management policies focus on biodiversity and ecosystem services, few studies explore the impact on mosquito vectors. Methods Our research addresses this gap, examining juvenile mosquito and aquatic predator communities in 67 ditch sites within a South England coastal marsh subjected to different wetland management tiers. Using joint distribution models, we analyse how mosquito communities respond to abiotic and biotic factors influenced by wetland management. Results Of the 12 mosquito species identified, Culiseta annulata (Usutu virus vector) and Culex pipiens (Usutu and West Nile virus vector) constitute 47% of 6825 larval mosquitoes. Abundant predators include Coleoptera (water beetles) adults, Corixidae (water boatmen) and Zygoptera (Damselfy) larvae. Models reveal that tier 3 management sites (higher winter water levels, lower agricultural intensity) associated with shade and less floating vegetation are preferred by specific mosquito species. All mosquito species except Anopheles maculipennis s.l., are negatively impacted by potential predators. Culiseta annulata shows positive associations with shaded and turbid water, contrary to preferences of Corixidae predators. Conclusions Tier 3 areas managed for biodiversity, characterised by higher seasonal water levels and reduced livestock grazing intensity, provide favourable habitats for key mosquito species that are known vectors of arboviruses, such as Usutu and West Nile. Our findings emphasise the impact of biodiversity-focused wetland management, altering mosquito breeding site vegetation to enhance vector suitability. Further exploration of these trade-offs is crucial for comprehending the broader implications of wetland management.
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- 2024
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34. Transforming photon statistics through zero-photon subtraction
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Nunn, C. M., Shringarpure, S. U., and Pittman, T. B.
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
Zero-photon subtraction (ZPS) is a conditional measurement process that can reduce the mean photon number of quantum optical states without physically removing any photons. Here we show that ZPS can also be used to transform certain super-Poissonian states into sub-Poissonian states, and vice versa. Combined with a well-known "no-go" theorem on conditional measurements, this effect leads to a new set of non-classicality criteria that can be experimentally tested through ZPS measurements., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures
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- 2023
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35. « A Name More Like the Real Me ». Shifting Names and Languages in Sandra Cisneros’s The House on Mango Street
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NUNN, Tessa, primary
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- 2024
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36. New Zealand's last act of heroism in WWI
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Nunn, Amanda
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- 2017
37. Conquering the Wilkin Valley
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Nunn, Amanda
- Published
- 2017
38. Identifying Effective Components of a Social Marketing Campaign to Improve Engagement With Express Sexual Health Services Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men: Case Study
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Laura C Chambers, Yelena Malyuta, William C Goedel, Philip A Chan, Cassandra Sutten Coats, Ken Allen, and Amy S Nunn
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract BackgroundLittle is known about how best to reach people with social marketing messages promoting use of clinical HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) services. ObjectiveWe evaluated a multiplatform, digital social marketing campaign intended to increase use of HIV/STI testing, treatment, and prevention services among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) at an LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and/or questioning) community health center. MethodsWe evaluated engagement with a social marketing campaign launched by Open Door Health, the only LGBTQ+ community health center in Rhode Island, during the first 8 months of implementation (April to November 2021). Three types of advertisements encouraging use of HIV/STI services were developed and implemented on Google Search, Google Display, Grindr, and Facebook. Platforms tracked the number of times that an advertisement was displayed to a user (impressions), that a user clicked through to a landing page that facilitated scheduling (clicks), and that a user requested a call to schedule an appointment from the landing page (conversions). We calculated the click-through rate (clicks per impression), conversion rate (conversions per click), and the dollar amount spent per 1000 impressions and per click and conversion. ResultsOverall, Google Search yielded the highest click-through rate (7.1%) and conversion rate (7.0%) compared to Google Display, Grindr, and Facebook (click-through rates=0.4%‐3.3%; conversion rates=0%‐0.03%). Although the spend per 1000 impressions and per click was higher for Google Search compared to other platforms, the spend per conversion—which measures the number of people intending to attend the clinic for services—was substantially lower for Google Search (US $48.19 vs US $3120.42-US $3436.03). ConclusionsCampaigns using the Google Search platform may yield the greatest return on investment for engaging MSM in HIV/STI services at community health clinics. Future studies are needed to measure clinical outcomes among those who present to the clinic for services after viewing campaign advertisements and to compare the return on investment with use of social marketing campaigns relative to other approaches.
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- 2024
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39. A systematic review of a novel alloplast carbonate apatite granules
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Martha E. Nunn, Courtney Rudick, Masahiko Nikaido, and Takanari Miyamoto
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alloplast ,hard-tissue graft ,carbonate apatite granules ,cytrans granules ,artificial bone ,Dentistry ,RK1-715 - Abstract
The objectives of this study are to provide a systematic review of a novel alloplastic hard-tissue grafting material, carbonate apatite granules (CO3Ap-granules), to provide a clinical case presentation of CO3Ap-granules in periodontal surgery. The following three electronic databases were searched independently by two of the authors (MN) and (CR): National Library of Medicine [MEDLINE (PubMed) and ClinicalTrials.gov], EMBASE (OVID) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). After searching electronic databases, select journals in periodontics and implantology were also manually searched. Of the 43 studies identified from the systematic review, the following classifications were determined: (1) in vitro studies – 5 studies, (2) animal studies – 28 studies, (3) clinical studies – 7 studies, (4) reviews – 3 studies. Results from selected animal studies and all human studies were summarized. These results demonstrate that the novel alloplast CO3Ap-granules has the potential ability to stimulate new bone formation while CO3Ap-granules simultaneously resorb over time. Replacement of CO3Ap-granules with new bone formation has been shown to be comparable to autogenous bone grafting with one study showing superior results to a bovine-derived xenograft.
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- 2024
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40. Promoting healthy futures in a rural refugee resettlement location: A community-based participatory research intervention
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Nunn, Caitlin, Wilding, Raelene, McKinnon, Katharine, Gay Ku, Htoo, La Myint, Gai Porh Soe, Taveesupmai, Posao, O'Keefe, Megan, and Graves, Kaye
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- 2022
41. PEAs in PODs: Co-Production of Community Based Public Engagement for Data and AI Research.
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Keeley A. Crockett, Edwin Colyer, Lauren Coulman, Caitlin Nunn, and Sarah Linn
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- 2024
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42. Automatic Landing Zone Plane Detection in Contrast-Enhanced Cardiac CT Volumes
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Lockhart, Lisette, Yi, Xin, Cassady, Nathan, Nunn, Alexandra, Swingen, Cory, Amir-Khalili, Alborz, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Camara, Oscar, editor, Puyol-Antón, Esther, editor, Sermesant, Maxime, editor, Suinesiaputra, Avan, editor, Tao, Qian, editor, Wang, Chengyan, editor, and Young, Alistair, editor
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- 2024
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43. Reflections of participating in a students as partners co-creator project in a second year physiology subject: An example of an internationalisation at home experience
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West, Jan W, Gatt, Judzea, Ho, Darren, Nunn, Kyler, and Popplewell, Maya
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- 2024
44. The role of the socialisation of women in recognising and responding to the earliest warning signs of intimate partner abuse
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Nunn, Leanne M., Winter, Romy, Frey, Ronald, and Asquith, Nicole L.
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- 2024
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45. Factors Associated with Grade 3 Reading Outcomes of Students in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Public School System. Study Brief. REL 2021-116
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National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance (NCEE) (ED/IES), Regional Educational Laboratory Pacific (ED), McREL International, Grindal, T., Nunn, S., D'Amelio, E., and McCracken, M.
- Abstract
Few elementary students in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) are scoring at grade level or higher on the ACT Aspire reading assessment. To better understand factors associated with the reading proficiency of CNMI grade 3 students, stakeholders there asked the Regional Educational Laboratory Pacific to examine the demographic characteristics and education experiences of students who demonstrated reading proficiency by grade 3. The study focused on grade 3 students who were enrolled in CNMI public schools from 2014/15 to 2018/19. It found that female students, students who did not receive free or reduced-priced lunch, students who were older at the time of kindergarten entry, Filipino students, and students who did not change schools were more likely to demonstrate reading proficiency in grade 3 than other students. There was no difference in grade 3 reading proficiency between students who had enrolled in Head Start and students who had not. This study brief to the full report presents: (1) Why this study was conducted; (2) What was studied and how; (3) Findings; and (4) Implications. [For the full report, see ED614905. For the Study Snapshot, see ED614908. For the appendixes, see ED614910.]
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- 2021
46. Factors Associated with Grade 3 Reading Outcomes of Students in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Public School System. REL 2021-116
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National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance (NCEE) (ED/IES), Regional Educational Laboratory Pacific (ED), McREL International, Grindal, Todd, Nunn, Stephanie, D'Amelio, Erin, and McCracken, Mary
- Abstract
Few elementary students on the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) are scoring at grade level or higher on the ACT Aspire reading assessment. To better understand factors associated with the reading proficiency of CNMI grade 3 students, stakeholders there asked the Regional Educational Laboratory Pacific to examine the demographic characteristics and education experiences of students who demonstrated reading proficiency by grade 3. The study focused on grade 3 students who were enrolled in CNMI public schools from 2014/15 to 2018/19. It found that female students, students who did not receive free or reduced-priced lunch, students who were older at the time of kindergarten entry, Filipino students, and students who did not change schools were more likely to demonstrate reading proficiency in grade 3 than other students. There was no difference in grade 3 reading proficiency between students who had enrolled in Head Start and students who had not. [For the Study Snapshot, see ED614908. For the Study Brief, see ED614907. For the appendixes, see ED614910.]
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- 2021
47. Functional and clinical studies reveal pathophysiological complexity of CLCN4-related neurodevelopmental condition.
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Palmer, Elizabeth, Pusch, Michael, Picollo, Alessandra, Forwood, Caitlin, Nguyen, Matthew, Suckow, Vanessa, Gibbons, Jessica, Hoff, Alva, Sigfrid, Lisa, Megarbane, Andre, Nizon, Mathilde, Cogné, Benjamin, Beneteau, Claire, Alkuraya, Fowzan, Chedrawi, Aziza, Hashem, Mais, Stamberger, Hannah, Weckhuysen, Sarah, Vanlander, Arnaud, Ceulemans, Berten, Rajagopalan, Sulekha, Nunn, Kenneth, Arpin, Stéphanie, Raynaud, Martine, Motter, Constance, Ward-Melver, Catherine, Janssens, Katrien, Meuwissen, Marije, Beysen, Diane, Dikow, Nicola, Grimmel, Mona, Haack, Tobias, Clement, Emma, McTague, Amy, Hunt, David, Townshend, Sharron, Ward, Michelle, Richards, Linda, Simons, Cas, Costain, Gregory, Dupuis, Lucie, Mendoza-Londono, Roberto, Dudding-Byth, Tracy, Boyle, Jackie, Saunders, Carol, Fleming, Emily, El Chehadeh, Salima, Spitz, Marie-Aude, Piton, Amelie, Gerard, Bénédicte, Abi Warde, Marie-Thérèse, Rea, Gillian, McKenna, Caoimhe, Douzgou, Sofia, Banka, Siddharth, Akman, Cigdem, Bain, Jennifer, Sands, Tristan, Wilson, Golder, Silvertooth, Erin, Miller, Lauren, Lederer, Damien, Sachdev, Rani, Macintosh, Rebecca, Monestier, Olivier, Karadurmus, Deniz, Collins, Felicity, Carter, Melissa, Rohena, Luis, Willemsen, Marjolein, Ockeloen, Charlotte, Pfundt, Rolph, Kroft, Sanne, Field, Michael, Laranjeira, Francisco, Fortuna, Ana, Soares, Ana, Michaud, Vincent, Naudion, Sophie, Golla, Sailaja, Weaver, David, Bird, Lynne, Friedman, Jennifer, Clowes, Virginia, Joss, Shelagh, Pölsler, Laura, Campeau, Philippe, Blazo, Maria, Bijlsma, Emilia, Rosenfeld, Jill, Beetz, Christian, Powis, Zöe, McWalter, Kirsty, Brandt, Tracy, Torti, Erin, Mathot, Mikaël, Mohammad, Shekeeb, Armstrong, Ruth, and Kalscheuer, Vera
- Subjects
Male ,Female ,Humans ,Neurodevelopmental Disorders ,Mutation ,Missense ,Genes ,X-Linked ,Phenotype ,Chloride Channels - Abstract
Missense and truncating variants in the X-chromosome-linked CLCN4 gene, resulting in reduced or complete loss-of-function (LOF) of the encoded chloride/proton exchanger ClC-4, were recently demonstrated to cause a neurocognitive phenotype in both males and females. Through international clinical matchmaking and interrogation of public variant databases we assembled a database of 90 rare CLCN4 missense variants in 90 families: 41 unique and 18 recurrent variants in 49 families. For 43 families, including 22 males and 33 females, we collated detailed clinical and segregation data. To confirm causality of variants and to obtain insight into disease mechanisms, we investigated the effect on electrophysiological properties of 59 of the variants in Xenopus oocytes using extended voltage and pH ranges. Detailed analyses revealed new pathophysiological mechanisms: 25% (15/59) of variants demonstrated LOF, characterized by a shift of the voltage-dependent activation to more positive voltages, and nine variants resulted in a toxic gain-of-function, associated with a disrupted gate allowing inward transport at negative voltages. Functional results were not always in line with in silico pathogenicity scores, highlighting the complexity of pathogenicity assessment for accurate genetic counselling. The complex neurocognitive and psychiatric manifestations of this condition, and hitherto under-recognized impacts on growth, gastrointestinal function, and motor control are discussed. Including published cases, we summarize features in 122 individuals from 67 families with CLCN4-related neurodevelopmental condition and suggest future research directions with the aim of improving the integrated care for individuals with this diagnosis.
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- 2023
48. The Density of Elliptic Dedekind Sums
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Berkopec, Nicolas, Branch, Jacob, Heikkinen, Rachel, Nunn, Caroline, and Wong, Tian An
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Mathematics - Number Theory - Abstract
Elliptic Dedekind sums were introduced by R. Sczech as generalizations of classical Dedekind sums to complex lattices. We show that for any lattice with real $j$-invariant, the values of suitably normalized elliptic Dedekind sums are dense in the real numbers. This extends an earlier result of Ito for Euclidean imaginary quadratic rings. Our proof is an adaptation of the recent work of Kohnen, which gives a new proof of the density of values of classical Dedekind sums., Comment: 7 pages. To appear in Acta Arithmetica
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- 2022
49. Effective domestic climate policies to protect small island states
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Leal Filho, Walter, Luetz, Johannes M., Nunn, Patrick D., Turagabeci, Amelia, and Campbell, Donovan
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- 2024
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50. Bayadères in the French Imagination: A Persistent Dance
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Nunn, Tessa Ashlin, author
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- 2024
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