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5,827 results on '"Nasa A"'

1. Dating ancient manuscripts using radiocarbon and AI-based writing style analysis

Author

Popović, Mladen, Dhali, Maruf A., Schomaker, Lambert, van der Plicht, Johannes, Rasmussen, Kaare Lund, La Nasa, Jacopo, Degano, Ilaria, Colombini, Maria Perla, and Tigchelaar, Eibert

Subjects
Computer Science - Digital Libraries, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Determining the chronology of ancient handwritten manuscripts is essential for reconstructing the evolution of ideas. For the Dead Sea Scrolls, this is particularly important. However, there is an almost complete lack of date-bearing manuscripts evenly distributed across the timeline and written in similar scripts available for palaeographic comparison. Here, we present Enoch, a state-of-the-art AI-based date-prediction model, trained on the basis of new radiocarbon-dated samples of the scrolls. Enoch uses established handwriting-style descriptors and applies Bayesian ridge regression. The challenge of this study is that the number of radiocarbon-dated manuscripts is small, while current machine learning requires an abundance of training data. We show that by using combined angular and allographic writing style feature vectors and applying Bayesian ridge regression, Enoch could predict the radiocarbon-based dates from style, supported by leave-one-out validation, with varied MAEs of 27.9 to 30.7 years relative to the radiocarbon dating. Enoch was then used to estimate the dates of 135 unseen manuscripts, revealing that 79 per cent of the samples were considered 'realistic' upon palaeographic post-hoc evaluation. We present a new chronology of the scrolls. The radiocarbon ranges and Enoch's style-based predictions are often older than the traditionally assumed palaeographic estimates. In the range of 300-50 BCE, Enoch's date prediction provides an improved granularity. The study is in line with current developments in multimodal machine-learning techniques, and the methods can be used for date prediction in other partially-dated manuscript collections. This research shows how Enoch's quantitative, probability-based approach can be a tool for palaeographers and historians, re-dating ancient Jewish key texts and contributing to current debates on Jewish and Christian origins., Comment: 16 pages of main article, 103 pages of supplementary materials; the first version of this article is originally prepared in July 2023 after the completion of all the experiments

Published
2024

5. Reconfiguration Algorithms for Cubic Modular Robots with Realistic Movement Constraints

Author

Team, MIT--NASA Space Robots, Brunner, Josh, Cheung, Kenneth C., Demaine, Erik D., Diomidova, Jenny, Gregg, Christine, Hendrickson, Della H., and Kostitsyna, Irina

Subjects
Computer Science - Computational Geometry, Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics, Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

We introduce and analyze a model for self-reconfigurable robots made up of unit-cube modules. Compared to past models, our model aims to newly capture two important practical aspects of real-world robots. First, modules often do not occupy an exact unit cube, but rather have features like bumps extending outside the allotted space so that modules can interlock. Thus, for example, our model forbids modules from squeezing in between two other modules that are one unit distance apart. Second, our model captures the practical scenario of many passive modules assembled by a single robot, instead of requiring all modules to be able to move on their own. We prove two universality results. First, with a supply of auxiliary modules, we show that any connected polycube structure can be constructed by a carefully aligned plane sweep. Second, without additional modules, we show how to construct any structure for which a natural notion of external feature size is at least a constant; this property largely consolidates forbidden-pattern properties used in previous works on reconfigurable modular robots.

Published
2024

6. Tracheal intubation in critically ill adults with a physiologically difficult airway. An international Delphi study

Author

Karamchandani, Kunal, Nasa, Prashant, Jarzebowski, Mary, Brewster, David J., De Jong, Audrey, Bauer, Philippe R., Berkow, Lauren, Brown, III, Calvin A., Cabrini, Luca, Casey, Jonathan, Cook, Tim, Divatia, Jigeeshu Vasishtha, Duggan, Laura V., Ellard, Louise, Ergan, Begum, Jonsson Fagerlund, Malin, Gatward, Jonathan, Greif, Robert, Higgs, Andy, Jaber, Samir, Janz, David, Joffe, Aaron M., Jung, Boris, Kovacs, George, Kwizera, Arthur, Laffey, John G., Lascarrou, Jean-Baptiste, Law, J. Adam, Marshall, Stuart, McGrath, Brendan A., Mosier, Jarrod M., Perin, Daniel, Roca, Oriol, Rollé, Amélie, Russotto, Vincenzo, Sakles, John C., Shrestha, Gentle S., Smischney, Nathan J., Sorbello, Massimiliano, Tung, Avery, Jabaley, Craig S., and Myatra, Sheila Nainan

Published
2024
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15. Begomoviruses associated with okra yellow vein mosaic disease (OYVMD): diversity, transmission mechanism, and management strategies

Author

Thomas Wilbur Davis and Andrew Nasa Thompson

Subjects
Whitefly (Bemesia tabaci), Okra Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus (OYVMV), Transmission mechanism, Plant culture, SB1-1110, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Abstract Okra yellow vein mosaic disease (OYVMD) is a major constraint to okra production globally. It is caused by several distinct begomoviruses, including okra yellow vein mosaic virus (OYVMV), that are transmitted by the whitefly. This study synthesizes current knowledge on the complex interactions between whiteflies, begomoviruses, and okra plants that enable viral spread and cause OYVMD. The acquisition and transmission cycle involves specific processes including virion ingestion during phloem-feeding, endocytosis and passage across insect tissues, secretion in saliva, and inoculation into plants. Molecular compatibilities between vector coat proteins, midgut proteins, and plant factors modulate virus replication and movement through barrier tissues. Abiotic stresses and host traits also impact whitefly behavior and virus epidemiology. Begomoviruses such as OYVMV have spread globally wherever whitefly vectors and susceptible okra varieties occur. Integrated management of the tripartite pathosystem that incorporates host resistance, cultural tactics, and biological control is required to mitigate the transmission of begomoviruses and OYVMD impact. Finally, resolving vector-virus interactions and developing interference strategies will help contribute to strengthening okra germplasm resistance which can support sustainable food production.

Published
2024
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16. Introduction to Fluid Stewardship

Author

Wong, Adrian, Wilkinson, Jonny, Nasa, Prashant, Malbrain, Luca, Malbrain, Manu L. N. G., Malbrain, Manu L.N.G., editor, Wong, Adrian, editor, Nasa, Prashant, editor, and Ghosh, Supradip, editor

Published
2024
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18. Fluid Management in Intra-abdominal Hypertension

Author

Malbrain, Manu L. N. G., Nasa, Prashant, De laet, Inneke, De Waele, Jan, Jacobs, Rita, Wise, Robert, Malbrain, Luca, Dabrowski, Wojciech, Wong, Adrian, Malbrain, Manu L.N.G., editor, Wong, Adrian, editor, Nasa, Prashant, editor, and Ghosh, Supradip, editor

Published
2024
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19. Fluid Accumulation and Deresuscitation

Author

Malbrain, Manu L. N. G., Wilkinson, Jonny, Malbrain, Luca, Nasa, Prashant, Wong, Adrian, Malbrain, Manu L.N.G., editor, Wong, Adrian, editor, Nasa, Prashant, editor, and Ghosh, Supradip, editor

Published
2024
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20. Fluid Management in COVID-19

Author

Malbrain, Manu L. N. G., Ho, Serene, Nasa, Prashant, Wong, Adrian, Malbrain, Manu L.N.G., editor, Wong, Adrian, editor, Nasa, Prashant, editor, and Ghosh, Supradip, editor

Published
2024
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22. Terms and Definitions of Fluid Therapy

Author

Malbrain, Manu L. N. G., Wong, Adrian, Malbrain, Luca, Nasa, Prashant, Wilkinson, Jonny, Malbrain, Manu L.N.G., editor, Wong, Adrian, editor, Nasa, Prashant, editor, and Ghosh, Supradip, editor

Published
2024
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27. Wall Drawing #736: Revealing Sol LeWitt’s Ink Mural Technique Using a Multi-Analytical Approach

Author

Adele Ferretti, Ilaria Degano, Marta Filomena, Jacopo La Nasa, Beatrice Campanella, Stefano Legnaioli, Sara Penoni, Renata Pintus, Cristiana Todaro, and Francesca Modugno

Subjects
Sol LeWitt, wall drawing, ink, GC–MS, Py–GC–MS, HPLC–DAD–ESI-Q-ToF, Archaeology, CC1-960
Abstract

Sol LeWitt, a pioneer of conceptual art, created during his career over 1350 wall drawings, including the Wall Drawing #736 (1993) at the Center for Contemporary Art Luigi Pecci in Prato (Prato, Italy). The painting, executed by Andrea Marescalchi and Antony Sansotta under LeWitt’s instructions, features a grid of coloured rectangles obtained by overlapping different layers of inks. During a 2021 restoration by the Wall Paintings and Stuccoes Department of the Opificio delle Pietre Dure (Firenze, Italy), an in-depth investigation of the composition and the materials used by LeWitt’s assistants in producing Wall Drawing #736 was performed. A multi-analytical approach entailing Raman spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array and high-resolution mass spectrometry, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and pyrolysis coupled with GC–MS was applied. Our results revealed the use of animal glue, shellac resin, paraffin wax, linseed oil, and various organic pigments. The binder in the preparation layer was identified as poly(vinyl acetate), while poly(n-butyl methacrylate) was determined as a fixative. This research provided valuable insights into LeWitt’s techniques. The acquired knowledge on the paint technique is highly relevant in supporting conservators in restoration and consolidating the many wall drawings produced exploiting the same technique all over the world.

Published
2024
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28. The Antibacterial Potential of Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Plectranthus amboinicus Leaves and Identification of Active Compounds Using LC-MS

Author

Rahma Diyan Martha, Yunita Diyah Safitri, Nasa Bela Dwi Lestari, Danar Danar, Hesty Parbuntari, Margarita Claudya Maida, Afidatul Muadifah, and Choirul Huda

Subjects
antibacterial activity, ethyl acetate fraction, lc-ms, plectranthus amboinicus, Chemical engineering, TP155-156, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

The Indian Borage plant (Plectranthus amboinicus) is a traditional medicinal ingredient in Indonesia, containing flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, saponins, and essential oils. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of P. amboinicus leaves ethyl acetate fraction using the disc diffusion method and identify the composition with LC-MS. The antibacterial activity test was conducted with concentration variations of 15%, 20%, and 25% with Chloramphenicol 500 mg and 5% DMSO as a positive and negative control, respectively. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction at a concentration of 20% had the largest inhibition zone diameter, with an average of 30 mm. The LC-MS results identified 115 compounds, and the highest concentration values were found in kaempferol 3-(6”-caffeoylglucoside) and kaempferol 3-glucosyl-(1→2) galactosyl-(1→2)-glucoside, with a composition of 3.26109% and 3.26141%, respectively.

Published
2024
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30. Response to Dr. Ying Cui comments

Author

Mulas, Olga, Efficace, Fabio, Costa, Alessandro, Baldi, Thomas, Zerbini, Filippo, Mantovani, Daniela, Morelli, Emanuela, Perra, Daniela, La Nasa, Giorgio, and Caocci, Giovanni

Published
2024
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31. Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) and Gut Microbiota, Immune System in Antarctica

Author

University of Bologna, University of Bonn, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), University of Lorraine, German Institute of Food Technologies, Chr Hansen, European Space Agency, MVZ Institute for Microecology, DLR German Aerospace Center, and Martina Heer, Program Direction Nutritional Sciences

Published
2023

33. Blockchain Integrated Pharmaceutical Cold Chain: An Adoption Perspective

Author

Kumar, Nishant, Poonia, Ramesh Chandra, Upreti, Kamal, Parashar, Jyoti, Gangwar, Divya, Dhanraj, Nasa, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Das, Swagatam, editor, Saha, Snehanshu, editor, Coello, Carlos A. Coello, editor, Rathore, Hemant, editor, and Bansal, Jagdish Chand, editor

Published
2024
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35. The new Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP) estimates the risk of arterial occlusive events in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with nilotinib or ponatinib

Author

Mulas, Olga, Abruzzese, Elisabetta, Luciano, Luigiana, Iurlo, Alessandra, Attolico, Immacolata, Castagnetti, Fausto, Galimberti, Sara, Bonifacio, Massimiliano, Annunziata, Mario, Gozzini, Antonella, Orlandi, Ester Maria, Stagno, Fabio, Binotto, Gianni, Pregno, Patrizia, Fozza, Claudio, Loi, Maurizio, Trawinska, Malgorzata Monika, De Gregorio, Fiorenza, Cattaneo, Daniele, Albano, Francesco, Iezza, Miriam, Baratè, Claudia, Scaffidi, Luigi, Elena, Chiara, Giai, Valentina, Scalzulli, Emilia, Breccia, Massimo, La Nasa, Giorgio, and Caocci, Giovanni

Published
2024
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36. SCGB1D2 inhibits growth of Borrelia burgdorferi and affects susceptibility to Lyme disease

Author

Satu Strausz, Erik Abner, Grace Blacker, Sarah Galloway, Paige Hansen, Qingying Feng, Brandon T. Lee, Samuel E. Jones, Hele Haapaniemi, Sten Raak, George Ronald Nahass, Erin Sanders, FinnGen, Estonian Genome Centre, Estonian Biobank Research Team, Pilleriin Soodla, Urmo Võsa, Tõnu Esko, Nasa Sinnott-Armstrong, Irving L. Weissman, Mark Daly, Tuomas Aivelo, Michal Caspi Tal, and Hanna M. Ollila

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Lyme disease is a tick-borne disease caused by bacteria of the genus Borrelia. The host factors that modulate susceptibility for Lyme disease have remained mostly unknown. Using epidemiological and genetic data from FinnGen and Estonian Biobank, we identify two previously known variants and an unknown common missense variant at the gene encoding for Secretoglobin family 1D member 2 (SCGB1D2) protein that increases the susceptibility for Lyme disease. Using live Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) we find that recombinant reference SCGB1D2 protein inhibits the growth of Bb in vitro more efficiently than the recombinant protein with SCGB1D2 P53L deleterious missense variant. Finally, using an in vivo murine infection model we show that recombinant SCGB1D2 prevents infection by Borrelia in vivo. Together, these data suggest that SCGB1D2 is a host defense factor present in the skin, sweat, and other secretions which protects against Bb infection and opens an exciting therapeutic avenue for Lyme disease.

Published
2024
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37. Brain Changes in Response to Long-Duration Isolation and Confinement (BRAIVE)

Author

The Institute of Biomedical Problems (IBMP), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), European Space Agency, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Simon Fraser University, University of California, University of York, and Alexander C. Stahn, Principal Investigator

Published
2023

38. Narcolepsy risk loci outline role of T cell autoimmunity and infectious triggers in narcolepsy

Author

Ollila, Hanna M, Sharon, Eilon, Lin, Ling, Sinnott-Armstrong, Nasa, Ambati, Aditya, Yogeshwar, Selina M, Hillary, Ryan P, Jolanki, Otto, Faraco, Juliette, Einen, Mali, Luo, Guo, Zhang, Jing, Han, Fang, Yan, Han, Dong, Xiao Song, Li, Jing, Zhang, Jun, Hong, Seung-Chul, Kim, Tae Won, Dauvilliers, Yves, Barateau, Lucie, Lammers, Gert Jan, Fronczek, Rolf, Mayer, Geert, Santamaria, Joan, Arnulf, Isabelle, Knudsen-Heier, Stine, Bredahl, May Kristin Lyamouri, Thorsby, Per Medbøe, Plazzi, Giuseppe, Pizza, Fabio, Moresco, Monica, Crowe, Catherine, Van den Eeden, Stephen K, Lecendreux, Michel, Bourgin, Patrice, Kanbayashi, Takashi, Martínez-Orozco, Francisco J, Peraita-Adrados, Rosa, Benetó, Antonio, Montplaisir, Jacques, Desautels, Alex, Huang, Yu-Shu, Jennum, Poul, Nevsimalova, Sona, Kemlink, David, Iranzo, Alex, Overeem, Sebastiaan, Wierzbicka, Aleksandra, Geisler, Peter, Sonka, Karel, Honda, Makoto, Högl, Birgit, Stefani, Ambra, Coelho, Fernando Morgadinho, Mantovani, Vilma, Feketeova, Eva, Wadelius, Mia, Eriksson, Niclas, Smedje, Hans, Hallberg, Pär, Hesla, Per Egil, Rye, David, Pelin, Zerrin, Ferini-Strambi, Luigi, Bassetti, Claudio L, Mathis, Johannes, Khatami, Ramin, Aran, Adi, Nampoothiri, Sheela, Olsson, Tomas, Kockum, Ingrid, Partinen, Markku, Perola, Markus, Kornum, Birgitte R, Rueger, Sina, Winkelmann, Juliane, Miyagawa, Taku, Toyoda, Hiromi, Khor, Seik-Soon, Shimada, Mihoko, Tokunaga, Katsushi, Rivas, Manuel, Pritchard, Jonathan K, Risch, Neil, Kutalik, Zoltan, O’Hara, Ruth, Hallmayer, Joachim, Ye, Chun Jimmie, and Mignot, Emmanuel J

Subjects
Medical Microbiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Prevention, Vaccine Related, Influenza, Autoimmune Disease, Immunization, Pneumonia & Influenza, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Infection, Inflammatory and immune system, Good Health and Well Being, Humans, Autoimmunity, Influenza, Human, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Autoimmune Diseases, Influenza Vaccines, Narcolepsy, FinnGen
Abstract

Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is caused by a loss of hypocretin/orexin transmission. Risk factors include pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza A infection and immunization with Pandemrix®. Here, we dissect disease mechanisms and interactions with environmental triggers in a multi-ethnic sample of 6,073 cases and 84,856 controls. We fine-mapped GWAS signals within HLA (DQ0602, DQB1*03:01 and DPB1*04:02) and discovered seven novel associations (CD207, NAB1, IKZF4-ERBB3, CTSC, DENND1B, SIRPG, PRF1). Significant signals at TRA and DQB1*06:02 loci were found in 245 vaccination-related cases, who also shared polygenic risk. T cell receptor associations in NT1 modulated TRAJ*24, TRAJ*28 and TRBV*4-2 chain-usage. Partitioned heritability and immune cell enrichment analyses found genetic signals to be driven by dendritic and helper T cells. Lastly comorbidity analysis using data from FinnGen, suggests shared effects between NT1 and other autoimmune diseases. NT1 genetic variants shape autoimmunity and response to environmental triggers, including influenza A infection and immunization with Pandemrix®.

Published
2023

39. CLUSTERING FAMILY-FRIENDLY HOTELS’ GUESTS TO DEVELOP TOURISM MARKETING STRATEGIES

Author

Rizka Miladiah Ervianty, Nasa Zata Dina, and Sidarta Prassetyo

Subjects
customer satisfaction, hotels, sustainable tourism development, tourism and economic growth, tourism economics, Geography (General), G1-922
Abstract

An increasing number of guests in hotels evaluate the quality by reading online reviews. A deeper analysis of the attitude and behavior of the visitors is conducted to understand the experiences of guests, considering the diverse backgrounds and needs. This study aims to analyze the selection process of family-friendly hotels by guests, using available TripAdvisor online reviews, as well as for hotel management to better understand the comments left by guests and create more organized plans and policies. A model is devised that integrates clustering and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making-VIKOR (MCDM-VIKOR) method to prioritize the attributes of hotels based on the significance within each cluster of guests. Data is collected from online reviews of guests in family-friendly hotels in Indonesia. The features used for ranking preferences are the numerical ratings assigned to four attributes on the platform. These four features included “location”, “cleanliness”, “service”, and “value”. The results showed that “cleanliness” evolved as the most critical factor in the majority of segments for selecting family-friendly hotels. To further comprehend the behavioral trends of guests and assist in decision-making, this study proposed a model capable of analyzing online reviews and ratings provided by customers.

Published
2024
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40. Decrypting the Thalamic Subnuclei and Functional Composites in Adolescents With Psychotic Experiences

Author

Sahar Riaz, Michael O'Connor, Anurag Nasa, Mary Cannon, and Darren Roddy

Subjects
Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Aims The thalamus, a dual grey matter formation within the diencephalon is thought to be involved in psychosis. It consists of distinct nuclei with specific functions. To date no study has investigated the volumes of the thalamic nuclei in young adolescents with Psychotic Experiences (PEs). Methods This study used T1 imaging with Freesurfer analysis to investigate the differences in thalamic nuclei in 98 young people (53 with PEs) over three time points, from ages 11 to 18. A linear mixed effects (LME) model was used to examine the longitudinal nature of the data. Results The findings were entirely left sided – specifically a smaller left whole thalamus (p = 0.04), significant reduction in the size of the left pulvinar (p = 0.008) and a slight increase in the size of left ventral nucleus (p = 0.005). Conclusion This study found significant volumetric differences in thalamic functional composite nuclei between adolescents with a history of PE compared with healthy controls. Two such nuclear groups survived post-hoc DTR testing, the left ventral and left pulvinar nuclei. The pulvinar nucleus demonstrated a reduced volume over time in PE groups compared with healthy controls whilst the left ventral nucleus demonstrated an increased volume over time in PE groups compared with controls. The thalamus has been shown to be actively involved in the modulation of cortico-cortical communication via cortico-thalamo-cortical pathways, thus synchronizing the activity of the cortex during tasks that require attention. One of the core deficits believed to be a part of psychotic illnesses is the inappropriate modulation of attention through various cortical networks. This disrupted modulation results in a lack of control of goal-directed behaviour and can be attributed to the changes seen in pulvinar in psychotic illnesses, thus resulting in impairment in the integrity of sensory information and context processing. The affiliation of the ventral thalamic nucleus to the dopaminergic system, particularly the substantia nigra, may aid in explaining why this nucleus demonstrates larger volumes in adolescents with PEs compared with healthy controls over time. More research needs to be done on following this cohort up, specifically investigating changes in thalamic nuclei in those who develop a diagnosable psychotic disorder.

Published
2024
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41. Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Mycobacterium spp. in the United Arab Emirates: a retrospective analysis of 12 years of national antimicrobial resistance surveillance data

Author

Jens Thomsen, Najiba M. Abdulrazzaq, Peter S. Nyasulu, Farida Al Hosani, Maya Habous, Stefan Weber, Fouzia Jabeen, The UAE AMR Surveillance Consortium, Godfred Antony Menezes, Carole Ayoub Moubareck, Abiola Senok, Dean B. Everett, Adnan Alatoom, Agnes Sonnevend-Pal, Ahmed Abdulkareem Al Hammadi, Ahmed Elhag Ahmed, Ahmed F. Yousef, Alaa MM Enshasy, Amal Mubarak Madhi, Amna AlBlooshi, Andreas Podbielski, Anju Nabi, Anup Shashikant Poddar, Arun Kumar Jha, Ayesha Abdulla Al Marzooqi, Bashir Aden, Dean Everett, Deeba Jafri, Duckjin Hong, Emmanuel Fru Nsutebu, Farah Ibrahim Al-Marzooq, Fatima Al Dhaheri, Francis Amirtharaj Selvaraj, Ghada Abdel Wahab, Ghalia Abdul Khader Khoder, Gitanjali Avishkar Patil, Godfred A. Menezes, Muhammad Ghulam Hadayatullah, Hafiz Ahmad, Hala Ahmed Fouad Ismail, Hazim Khalifa, Husein Alzabi, Ibrahim Alsayed Mustafa Alhashami, Imene Lazreg, Irfaan Akthar, John Stelling, Kaltham Ali Kayaf, Kavita Diddi, Krishnaprasad Ramabhadran, Laila Al Dabal, Laura Thomsen, Chamani-Tabriz Leili, Madikay Senghore, Manal Abdel Fattah Ahmed, Moeena Zain, M. Sheek-Hussein Mohamud, Monika Maheshwari, Mubarak Saif Alfaresi, Mushtaq Khan, Najiba Abdulrazzaq, Nehad Nabeel Al Shirawi, Nesrin Helmy, Pamela Fares Murad, Pascal Frey, Peter Nyasulu, Prashant Nasa, T. A. Patil Rajeshwari, Rania El Lababidi, Ratna A. Kurahatti, Riyaz Amirali Husain, Robert Lodu Serafino Wani Swaka, Saeed Hussein, Sameh Soliman, Savitha Mudalagiriyappa, Seema Oommen, Shaikha Ghannam Alkaabi, Simantini Jog, Siobhan O‘Sullivan,, Somansu Basu, Sura Khamees Majeed, Syed Irfan Hussein Rizvi, Tibor Pal, Timothy Anthony Collyns, Yassir Mohammed Eltahir Ali, Yousuf Mustafa Naqvi, Zahir Osman Babiker, and Omar Al Deesi Zulfa

Subjects
TB, tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis surveillance, antibiotics, MDR-TB, antimicrobial-resistance, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

IntroductionThe Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO) region accounts for almost 8% of all global Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) cases, with TB incidence rates ranging from 1 per 100,000 per year in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to 204 per 100,000 in Djibouti. The national surveillance data from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region on the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance trends of TB, including MDR-TB remains scarce.MethodsA retrospective 12-year analysis of N = 8,086 non-duplicate diagnostic Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTB complex) isolates from the UAE was conducted. Data were generated through routine patient care during the 2010–2021 years, collected by trained personnel and reported by participating surveillance sites to the UAE National Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Surveillance program. Data analysis was conducted with WHONET, a windows-based microbiology laboratory database management software developed by the World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance, Boston, United States (https://whonet.org/).ResultsA total of 8,086 MTB-complex isolates were analyzed. MTB-complex was primarily isolated from respiratory samples (sputum 80.1%, broncho-alveolar lavage 4.6%, pleural fluid 4.1%). Inpatients accounted for 63.2%, including 1.3% from ICU. Nationality was known for 84.3% of patients, including 3.8% Emiratis. Of UAE non-nationals, 80.5% were from 110 countries, most of which were Asian countries. India accounted for 20.8%, Pakistan 13.6%, Philippines 12.7%, and Bangladesh 7.8%. Rifampicin-resistant MTB-complex isolates (RR-TB) were found in 2.8% of the isolates, resistance to isoniazid, streptomycin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, was 8.9, 6.9, 3.4 and 0.4%, respectively. A slightly increasing trend of resistance among MTB-complex was observed for rifampicin from 2.5% (2010) to 2.8% (2021).ConclusionInfections due to MTB-complex are relatively uncommon in the United Arab Emirates compared to other countries in the MENA region. Most TB patients in the UAE are of Asian origin, mainly from countries with a high prevalence of TB. Resistance to first line anti-tuberculous drugs is generally low, however increasing trends for MDR-TB mainly rifampicin linked resistance is a major concern. MDR-TB was not associated with a higher mortality, admission to ICU, or increased length of hospitalization as compared to non-MDR-TB.

Published
2024
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43. Stroke in critically ill patients with respiratory failure due to COVID-19: Disparities between low-middle and high-income countries

Author

Al-Dabbous, Tala, Alfoudri, Huda, Shamsah, Mohammed, Alfroukh, Khadeejeh, Bairmani, Zinah Aqeel Abdulzahra, Khalid, Khalid Jehad, Abukhalaf, Salsabeel M.A., Hadhoud, Mohammed Maher, Abdrabo, Mohamed Fouad, Fathi, Mohamed, Alhouri, Hasan, Shahla, Dr Hamza, Alhadad, Qamrah, Hanan, Matly, Elapavaluru, Subbarao, Berg, Ashley, Horn, Christina, Abdelhalim, Ahmed Reda Mohamed Elsayed, Amer, Amro Essam, Elnaggar, Cinderella Omar Rageh, Hassan, Ahmed Ayman, Abdelaziz, Ali, Abdelhalim, Mohamed, Orabi, Yehia Samir Shaaban Aly, Alaraji, Zinah A., Muhaisen, Mo'nes R., Almasri, Lana, Mustafa, Dana, Hamdan, Shaher, Al-Saba'a, Yousef, Dalloul, Zaina, Alkahlout, Mohammed, Jaber, Hamza, Aldabbourosama, Osama, Abdalhadi, Alaa Abdalfattah, Hussein, Aliae AR Mohamed, Emad, Zarief Kamel, Khaled, Sarah, Mohamed, Nouralsabah, Hassanin, Ebtisam, Hamdi, Abdelhafeez, Gamal, May, Emad, Ahmed, Ragab, Abdelrahman, Azizeldin, Mohammed G, Hamza, Almthani, Omer, Alsarrah Ali Mohammed, Fadl alla, Asgad Osman Abdalla, Abdallahrs, Asia Atif Abdelrahman, Eltayeb, Aml Ahmed, Alhasan, Maali khalid mohamed abdalla, Abdelgaum, Esraa Hassan, Ahmed, Aya Mustafa, Abdulbaqi, Lamees Adil, Mohammedelhassan, Omer Abdullah, Ahmed, Musaab Mohammed Mohammed, Ali, Maha TagElser Mohammed, Mayasi, Yunis, Schroll, Stephan, Meyer, Dan, Velazco, Jorge, Ploskanych, Ludmyla, Fikes, Wanda, Bagewadi, Rohini, Dao, Marvin, White, Haley, Laviena, Alondra Berrios, Ehlers, Ashley, Shalabi-McGuire, Maysoon, Witt, Trent, Grazioli, Lorenzo, Lorini, Luca, Grandin, E. Wilson, Nunez, Jose, Reyes, Tiago, O'Briain, Diarmuid, Hunter, Stephanie, Ramanan, Mahesh, Affleck, Julia, Veerendra, Hemanth Hurkadli, Rai, Sumeet, Russell-Brown, Josie, Nourse, Mary, Joseph, Mark, Mitchell, Brook, Tenzer, Martha, Abe, Ryuzo, Cho, Hwa Jin, Jeong, In Seok, Rahman, Nadeem, Kakar, Vivek, Tamimi, Ahmed, Zabalawi, Diala, Elhennawi, Mohamed, Ghisulal, Praveen, Malik, Sadaf, Brozzi, Nicolas, Mehkri, Omar, Krishnan, Sudhir, Duggal, Abhijit, Houltham, Stuart, Graf, Jerónimo, Diaz, Roderigo, Orrego, Roderigo, Delgado, Camila, González, Joyce, Sanchez, Maria Soledad, Piagnerelli, Michael, Sarrazin, Josefa Valenzuela, Zabert, Prof. Gustavo, Espinosa, Lucio, Delgado, Paulo, Delgado, Victoria, Rincón, Diego Fernando Bautista, Yanten, Angela Maria Marulanda, Duque, Melissa Bustamante, Brodie, Daniel, Abouelmagd, Khaled, Elhazmi, Alyaa, Al-Hudaib, Abdullah, Javidfar, Jeff, Callahan, Maria, Dong, Andy, D'Orleans, Charles Crepy, Taufik, M. Azhari, Wardoyo, Elizabeth Yasmin, Gunawan, Margaretha, Trisnaningrum, Nurindah S, Irawany, Vera, Rayhan, Muhammad, Panigada, Mauro, Pesenti, Antonio, Zanella, Alberto, Grasselli, Giacomo, Colombo, Sebastiano, Martinet, Chiara, Florio, Gaetano, Antonelli, Massimo, Carelli, Simone, Grieco, Domenico L., Asaki, Motohiro, Hoshino, Kota, Salazar, Leonardo, Monsalve, Mary Alejandra Mendoza, Laffey, John, McNicholas, Bairbre, Cosgrave, David, Atif, Minha, Qutishat, Fadi, Laffey, Caoimhe, Van Der Walt, Michaeal, McCaffrey, Joseph, Bone, Allison, Trickey, Jemma, Horton, Michelle, Pearce, Stephanie, Salerno, Tania, Mohamed, Akram, Alhaddad, Salem, Bakeer, Baliad, Haitam, Shames, Shalabi, Laila, Ahmed, Mohammed Abodina, Hakeem, Yusuff, Winearls, James, Tallott, Mandy, Thomson, David, Joubert, Ivan, Arnold-Day, Christel, Piercy, Jenna, Smit, Richard van Zyl, Miller, Malcom, Seymour, Lisa, van Heyningen, Francois, Teyangesikayi, Gilbert, Fredericks, David, Hssain, Ali Ait, Aliudin, Jeffrey, Alqahtani, Al-Reem, Mohamed, Khoulod, Mohamed, Ahmed, Tan, Darwin, Villanueva, Joy, Zaqout, Ahmed, Labib, Ahmed, Kurtzman, Ethan, Ademi, Arben, Dobrita, Ana, Aoudi, Khadija El, Segura, Juliet, Giwangkancana, Gezy, Ohshimo, Shinichiro, Osatnik, Javier, Joosten, Anne, Torres, Antoni, Yang, Minlan, Motos, Ana, Luna, Carlos, Arancibia, Francisco, Williams, Virginie, Noel, Alexandre, Luque, Nestor, Fantini, Marina, García, Ruth Noemi Jorge, Alvarez, Enrique Chicote, Greti, Anna, Ceccato, Adrian, Sanchez, Angel, Vazquez, Ana Loza, Roche-Campo, Ferran, Franch-Llasat, Diego, Tuazon, Divina, Amato, Marcelo, Cassimiro, Luciana, Pola, Flavio, Ribeiro, Francis, Fonseca, Guilherme, Dalton, Heidi, Desai, Mehul, Osborn, Erik, Deeb, Hala, Arcadipane, Antonio, Martucci, Gennaro, Panarello, Giovanna, Vitiello, Stefano, Bianco, Claudia, Occhipinti, Giovanna, Rossetti, Matteo, Cuffaro, Raffaele, Siddig, Nidhal, Cho, Sung-Min, Whitman, Glenn, Sayed, Marwan El, Mokhtar, Walaa, El-Shenawy, Eslam, Shimizu, Hiroaki, Moriyama, Naoki, Kim, Jae-Burm, Kitamura, Nobuya, Gebauer, Johannes, Yokoyama, Toshiki, Al-Fares, Abdulrahman, Buabbas, Sarah, Alamad, Esam, Alawadhi, Fatma, Alawadi, Kalthoum, Khalefa, Mohamed Ahmed, Ajeel, Nourah Ahmad Abdulaziz Al, Aly, Mohammad Fathy, Al-Saleh, Abdullah, Naanouh, Abdullah, Elshourbgy, Alaa Mohammed, Gad, Mohamed Yousef, ElRazaz, Rania Mohamed, Khadadah, Ibrahim, Almumin, Ahmed Mohammed, Altarakma, Hala, Albannay, Hasan, Alsaleh, Mohammed Kh, Radwan, Mahmoud Saad Abdallah, Saadallah, Islam Ahmed, Tanaka, Hiro, Hashimoto, Satoru, Yamazaki, Masaki, Oh, Tak-Hyuck, Epler, Mark, Forney, Cathleen, Kruse, Louise, Feister, Jared, Williamson, Joelle, Grobengieser, Katherine, Gnall, Eric, Golden, Sasha, Caroline, Mara, Shapiro, Timothy, Karaj, Colleen, Thome, Lisa, Sher, Lynn, Vanderland, Mark, Welch, Mary, McDermott, Sherry, Brain, Matthew, Mineall, Sarah, Unwin, Maria, Chen, Lixian, Trezise, Tarnya, McKeon, Laurie, Kimura, Dai, Brazzi, Luca, Sales, Gabriele, Montrucchio, Giorgia, Ogston, Tawnya, Nagpal, Dave, Fischer, Karlee, Lorusso, Roberto, van Bussell, Bas, De Piero, Maria Elena, Mariani, Silvia, Rangappa, Dr Rajavardhan, Shetty, Dr Rajesh Mohan, P, Sujin Rai, Ganesan, Argin, Tharwat, Samar, Esperatti, Mariano, Fuentes, Nora Angélica, Gonzalez, Maria Eugenia, Carton, Edmund G., Sen, Ayan, Palacios, Amanda, Rainey, Deborah, Samoukoviv, Gordan, Campisi, Josie, Durham, Lucia, Neumann, Emily, Seefeldt, Cassandra, Falcucci, Octavio, Emmrich, Amanda, Guy, Jennifer, Johns, Carling, Potzner, Kelly, Zimmermann, Catherine, Espinal, Angelia, Buchtele, Nina, Schwameis, Michael, Korhnfehl, Andrea, Brock, Roman, Staudinger, Thomas, Stecher, Stephanie-Susanne, Barnikel, Michaela, Antón, Sófia, Pawlikowski, Alexandra, Zaaqoq, Akram, Galloway, Lan Anh, Merley, Caitlin, Muftah, Mohamed, Nichol, Alistair, Csete, Marc, Quesada, Luisa, Saba, Isabela, Kasugai, Daisuke, Hiraiwa, Hiroaki, Tanaka, Taku, Marwali, Eva, Purnama, Yoel, Dewayanti, Santi Rahayu, Ardiyan, Juzar, Dafsah Arifa, Siagian, Debby, Chen, Yih-Sharng, Aldhalia, Amer, Ogino, Mark, Nasa, Prashant, Matthew, Christina, Majeed, Nimisha Abdul, Hafez, Wael, Ratsep, Indrek, Post, Andra-Maris, Sillaots, Piret, Krund, Anneli, Lehiste, Merili-Helen, Lepik, Tanel, Manetta, Frank, Mihelis, Effe, Sarmiento, Iam Claire, Narasimhan, Mangala, Varrone, Michael, Komats, Mamoru, Garcia-Diaz, Julia, Harmon, Catherine, Satyapriya, S. Veena, Bhatt, Amar, Mokadam, Nahush A., Uribe, Alberto, Gonzalez, Alicia, Shi, Haixia, McKeown, Johnny, Pasek, Joshua, Fiorda, Juan, Echeverria, Marco, Moreno, Rita, Zakhary, Bishoy, Cavana, Marco, Cucino, Alberto, Foti, Giuseppe, Giani, Marco, Fumagalli, Benedetta, Chiumello, Davide, Castagna, Valentina, Dell'Amore, Andrea, Navalesi, Paolo, Shum, Hoi-Ping, Vuysteke, Alain, Usman, Asad, Acker, Andrew, Smood, Benjamin, Mergler, Blake, Sertic, Federico, Subramanian, Madhu, Sperry, Alexandra, Rizer, Nicolas, Burhan, Erlina, Rasmin, Menaldi, Akmal, Ernita, Sitompul, Faya, Lolong, Navy, Naivedh, Bhat, Erickson, Simon, Barrett, Peter, Dean, David, Daugherty, Julia, Loforte, Antonio, Khan, Irfan, Quraishi, Mohammed Abraar, DeSantis, Olivia, Nasrallah, Ahmad, So, Dominic, Kandamby, Darshana, Mandei, Jose M., Natanael, Hans, YudhaLantang, Eka, Lantang, Anastasia, Wijaya, Surya Oto, Jung, Anna, Ng, George, Ng, Wing Yiu, Ng, Pauline Yeung, Fang, Shu, Tabah, Alexis, Ratcliffe, Megan, Duroux, Maree, Alajeeli, Ahmed, Tarhabat, Ali, Adachi, Shingo, Nakao, Shota, Blanco, Pablo, Prieto, Ana, Sánchez, Jesús, Nicholson, Meghan, Butt, Warwick, Serratore, Alyssa, Delzoppo, Carmel, Janin, Pierre, Yarad, Elizabeth, Totaro, Richard, Coles, Jennifer, Pujo, Bambang, Balk, Robert, Vissing, Andy, Kapania, Esha, Hays, James, Fox, Samuel, Yantosh, Garrett, Mishin, Pavel, Adem, Safia, Yuliarto, Saptadi, Santoso, Kohar Hari, Djajalaksana, Susanthy, Fatoni, Arie Zainul, Fukuda, Masahiro, Liu, Keibun, Pelosi, Paolo, Battaglini, Denise, Robba, Chiara, Jiménez, Juan Fernando Masa, Bastos, Diego, Gaião, Sérgio, Rusmawatiningtyas, Desy, Cho, Young-Jae, Lee, Su Hwan, Kawasaki, Tatsuya, Munshi, Laveena, Sakiyalak, Pranya, Nitayavardhana, Prompak, Elagili, Mohamed Bashir, Salem, Talat Ahmed Abu, Seitz, Tamara, Arora, Rakesh, Kent, David, Marino, Daniel, Parwar, Swapnil, Cheng, Andrew, Miller, Jennene, Fujitani, Shigeki, Shimizu, Naoki, Madhok, Jai, Owyang, Clark, Buscher, Hergen, Reynolds, Claire, Abdurraouf, Abusalama, Kredan, Ali Abdulnasir, Haddud, Abdurrahman, Moharam, Saad, Maasikas, Olavi, Beljantsev, Aleksan, Mihnovits, Vladislav, Akimoto, Takako, Aizawa, Mariko, Horibe, Kanako, Onodera, Ryota, Hodgson, Carol, Burrell, Aidan, Young, Meredith, George, Timothy, Shekar, Kiran, McGuinness, Niki, Irvine, Lacey, Flynn, Brigid, Almjersah, Abdulrahman, Bakri, Ashraf, Endo, Tomoyuki, Sugiyama, Kazuhiro, Shimizu, Keiki, Fan, Eddy, Exconde, Kathleen, Ichiba, Shingo, Binnawara, Muhannud, Embarek, Hussein, Lussier, Leslie, Lotz, Gösta, Malfertheiner, Maximilian, Maier, Lars, Dreier, Esther, Kusumastuti, Neurinda Permata, McCloskey, Colin, Dabaliz, Al-Awwab, Elshazly, Tarek B, Smith, Josiah, Szuldrzynski, Konstanty S., Bielański, Piotr, Wille, Keith, Murthy, Srinivas, Parhar, Ken Kuljit S., Fiest, Kirsten M., Codan, Cassidy, Shahid, Anmol, Fayed, Mohamed, Evans, Timothy, Garcia, Rebekah, Gutierrez, Ashley, Song, Tae, Rose, Rebecca, Bennett, Suzanne, Richardson, Denise, Peek, Giles, Arora, Lovkesh, Rappapport, Kristina, Rudolph, Kristina, Sibenaller, Zita, Stout, Lori, Walter, Alicia, Herr, Daniel, Vedadi, Nazli, Bartlett, Robert, Thompson, Shaun, Hoffman, Julie, Ying, Xiaonan, Williams, Bailey, Sanchez, Emely, Akwani, Chika, Kennedy, Ryan, Elhadi, Muhammed, Griffee, Matthew, Mone, Mary, Ciullo, Anna, Kida, Yuri, Roca, Ricard Ferrer, Riera, JordI, Contreras, Sofia, Alegre, Cynthia, Kay, Christy, Fischer, Irene, Renner, Elizabeth, Taniguci, Hayato, Lee, James, Plotkin, Daniel, Citarella, Barbara Wanjiru, Merson, Laura, Hartley, Emma, Lubis, Bastian, Ikeyama, Takanari, Mortada, Alshaymaa, Alhamad, Ameen, Mechi, Ahmed, Nadar, Islam Mohsen Ali Mohamed Hassan, Alyasiri, Mohammed Saleh, Elsaid, Muhammed Zainab Alghali, Bhaskar, Balu, Jung, Jae-Seung, McGuinness, Shay, Eastwood, Glenn, Marta, Sandra Rossi, Guarracino, Fabio, Gerle, Stacy, Coxon, Emily, Claro, Bruno, Aldressi, Wafa, Eleisawy, Mahmoud, Osama, Hasnaa, Loverde, Daniel, Patil, Namrata, Parrini, Vieri, McBride, Angela, Negaard, Kathryn, Ratsch, Angela, Abdelaziz, Ahmad, Uribe, Juan David, Peris, Adriano, Sanders, Mark, Emerson, Dominic, Kamal, Muhammad, Faida, Hamza, Povoa, Pedro, Francis, Roland, Cherif, Ali, Joseph, Sunimol, Nardo, Matteo Di, Heard, Micheal, Kyle, Kimberly, Blackwell, Ray A, OUYAHIA, Amel, Biston, Patrick, Jeong, Hye Won, Smith, Reanna, Prawira, Yogi, Garcia, Arturo Huerta, Salterain, Nahikari, Meyns, Bart, Elnasser, Muhammed, Moreno, Marsha, Walia, Rajat, Mehta, Amit, Schweda, Annette, Williams, Melissa, Amkhatirah, Emad, Kim, Kyung Hoon, Assad, Alexandra, Giraldo, Estefania, Karolak, Wojtek, Balik, Martin, Pocock, Elizabeth, Gajkowski, Evan, Bedair, Mohamed, Masafumi, Kanamoto, Barrett, Nicholas, Takeyama, Yoshihiro, Park, Sunghoon, Amin, Faizan, Andriyani, Fina Meilyana, Sudakevych, Serhii, Schnur, Janos, Vera, Magdalena, Cornejo, Rodrigo, Schwarz, Patrícia, Mardini, Ana Carolina, de Paula, Thais, Neto, Ary Serpa, Villoldo, Andrea, Colafranceschi, Alexandre Siciliano, Iglesias, Alejandro Ubeda, Granjean, Juan, Melro, Lívia Maria Garcia, Romualdo, Giovana Fioravante, Gaia, Diego, Souza, Helmgton, Galas, Filomena, Mendiluce, Rafael Máñez, Sosa, Alejandra, Martinez, Ignacio, Kurosawa, Hiroshi, Almoshantaf, Mohammad Badr, Salgado, Juan, Hugi-Mayr, Beate, Charbonneau, Eric, Barzilai, Vitor Salvatore, Monteiro, Veronica, de Souza, Rodrigo Ribeiro, Harper, Michael, Suzuki, Hiroyuki, Adams, Celina, Brieva, Jorge, Khamees, Almu'atasim, Graige, Fadi, Supriatna, Moh, Nyale, George, Eltatar, Faisal Saleem, Fatani, Jihan, Baeissa, Husam, Masri, Ayman AL, Rabie, Ahmed, Hui, Mok Yee, Yamane, Masahiro, Jung, Hanna, Margaret, Ayorinde Mojisola, Nacpil, Newell, Ruck, Katja, Bakken, Rhonda, Jara, Claire, Felton, Tim, Berra, Lorenzo, Shah, Bobby, Chakraborty, Arpan, Cardona, Monika, Capatos, Gerry, Akkanti, Bindu, Orija, Abiodun, Jain, Harsh, Ito, Asami, Housni, Brahim, Low, Sennen, Iihara, Koji, Chavez, Joselito, Ramanathan, Kollengode, Zabert, Gustavo, Naidoo, Krubin, Seppelt, Ian, VanDyk, Marlice, MacDonald, Sarah, McGregor, Randy, Siebenaler, Teka, Flynn, Hannah, Lofton, Kristi, Aokage, Toshiyuki, Kvirkvelia, Bakar, Shigemitsu, Kazuaki, Moscatelli, Andrea, Fiorentino, Giuseppe, Baumgaertel, Matthias, Mba, Serge Eddy, Assy, Jana, Hutahaean, Amelya, Roush, Holly, Sichting, Kay A, Alessandri, Francesco, Burns, Debra, Alkhubouli, Taha Husayn, Salt, Gavin, Garabedian, Carl P., Millar, Jonathan, Sim, Malcolm, Mattke, Adrian, McAuley, Danny, Tadili, Jawad, Frenzel, Tim, Abuleil, Amro, Bar-Lavie, Yaron, Ortiz, Aaron Blandino, Stone, Jackie, Attokaran, Antony, Farquharson, Michael, Patel, Brij, Gunning, Derek, Baillie, Kenneth, Watson, Pia, Tamai, Kenji, Saaid, Ayoub, Anania, Pasquale, Sajinadiyasa, Gede Ketut, Kanyawati, Dyah, Salgado, Marcello, Sassine, Assad, Yudo, Bhirowo, McCaul, Scott, Lee, Bongjin, Lee, Sang Min, Afek, Arnon, Fattouh, Shimaa E, Iwashita, Yoshiaki, Fadlalmola, Hammad, Semedi, Bambang Pujo, Mansour, Noureldin Mohamed, Metiva, Jack, Van Belle, Nicole, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Al-Sadawi, Dr Mohammed, Kirakli, Cenk, Shimaa, Al-Touny, Ivatt, Lenny, Woon, Chia Yew, Kang, Hyun Mi, Smith, Timothy, James, Erskine, Al-Rawas, Nawar, Iwasaki, Yudai, Ashour, Hamza, King-Chung, Kenny Chan, Gudzenko, Vadim, Taccone, Fabio, Perdhana, Fajar, Lamarche, Yoan, Ribeiro, Joao Miguel, Bradic, Nikola, Van den Bossche, Klaartje, Lansink, Oude, Singh, Gurmeet, Debeuckelaere, Gerdy, Stelfox, Henry T., Yi, Cassia, Elia, Jennifer, Tribble, Thomas, Shankar, Shyam, Padmanabhan, Raj, Hallinan, Bill, Paoletti, Luca, Leyva, Yolanda, Fykuda, Tatuma, Badulak, Jenelle, Koch, Jillian, Janowaik, Lisa, Hackman, Amy, Hernandez, Deb, Osofsky, Jennifer, Donadello, Katia, Lawang, Aizah, Fine, Josh, Davidson, Benjamin, Vazquez, Andres Oswaldo Razo, Abdehaleem, Ibrahim, Kelly, Thu-Lan, Fanning, Jonathon, Premraj, Lavienraj, Porto, Diego Bastos, White, Nicole M., Bassi, Gianluigi Li, Suen, Jacky, and Fraser, John F.

Published
2024
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47. Genetic and functional analysis of Raynaud’s syndrome implicates loci in vasculature and immunity

Author

Tervi, Anniina, Ramste, Markus, Abner, Erik, Cheng, Paul, Lane, Jacqueline M., Maher, Matthew, Valliere, Jesse, Lammi, Vilma, Strausz, Satu, Riikonen, Juha, Nguyen, Trieu, Martyn, Gabriella E., Sheth, Maya U., Xia, Fan, Docampo, Mauro Lago, Gu, Wenduo, Esko, Tõnu, Saxena, Richa, Pirinen, Matti, Palotie, Aarno, Ripatti, Samuli, Sinnott-Armstrong, Nasa, Daly, Mark, Engreitz, Jesse M., Rabinovitch, Marlene, Heckman, Caroline A., Quertermous, Thomas, Jones, Samuel E., and Ollila, Hanna M.

Published
2024
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49. Nightmares share genetic risk factors with sleep and psychiatric traits

Author

Hanna M. Ollila, Nasa Sinnott-Armstrong, Katri Kantojärvi, Martin Broberg, Teemu Palviainen, Samuel Jones, Vili Ripatti, Anita Pandit, Robin Rong, Kati Kristiansson, Nils Sandman, Katja Valli, Christer Hublin, Samuli Ripatti, Elisabeth Widen, Jaakko Kaprio, Richa Saxena, and Tiina Paunio

Subjects
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Abstract Nightmares are vivid, extended, and emotionally negative or negative dreams that awaken the dreamer. While sporadic nightmares and bad dreams are common and generally harmless, frequent nightmares often reflect underlying pathologies of emotional regulation. Indeed, insomnia, depression, anxiety, or alcohol use have been associated with nightmares in epidemiological and clinical studies. However, the connection between nightmares and their comorbidities are poorly understood. Our goal was to examine the genetic risk factors for nightmares and estimate correlation or causality between nightmares and comorbidities. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 45,255 individuals using a questionnaire-based assessment on the frequency of nightmares during the past month and genome-wide genotyping data. While the GWAS did not reveal individual risk variants, heritability was estimated at 5%. In addition, the genetic correlation analysis showed a robust correlation (rg > 0.4) of nightmares with anxiety (rg = 0.671, p = 7.507e−06), depressive (rg = 0.562, p = 1.282e−07) and posttraumatic stress disorders (rg = 0.4083, p = 0.0152), and personality trait neuroticism (rg = 0.667, p = 4.516e−07). Furthermore, Mendelian randomization suggested causality from insomnia to nightmares (beta = 0.027, p = 0.0002). Our findings suggest that nightmares share genetic background with psychiatric traits and that insomnia may increase an individual’s liability to experience frequent nightmares. Given the significant correlations with psychiatric and psychological traits, it is essential to grow awareness of how nightmares affect health and disease and systematically collect information about nightmares, especially from clinical samples and larger cohorts.

Published
2024
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