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In Asia, mulberry has long been used to treat various infectious and internal ailments as a traditional medication. The compounds found in it have the potential to improve human health. Because there is no approved and defined evaluation procedure, it has not been formally or scientifically recognized. As a result of these investigations, a new frontier in traditional Chinese medicine has opened up, with the possibility of modernization, for the interaction between active components of mulberry and their biological activities. These studies have used current biotechnological technologies. For ages, mulberry has been used as an herbal remedy in Asia to cure various diseases and internal disorders. It has a high concentration of bioactive chemicals that benefit human health. The most abundant phenolic components extracted from white mulberry leaves are flavonoids (Kuwanons, Moracinflavans, Moragrols, and Morkotins), phenolic acids, alkaloids, and so forth. Flavonoids, benzofurans, chalcones, and alkaloids have been discovered to have cytotoxic effects on human cancer cell lines. There is growing evidence that mulberry fruits can potentially prevent cancer and other aging-related disorders due to their high concentration of bioactive polyphenolic-rich compounds and macro and micronutrients. Anthocyanins are rapidly absorbed after eating, arriving in the plasmalemma within 15-50 min and entirely removed after 6-8 hr. Due to a lack of an approved and consistent technique for its examination, it has yet to be formally or scientifically recognized. The mulberry plant is commercially grown for silkworm rearing, and less attention is paid to its bioactive molecules, which have a lot of applications in human health. This review paper discusses the phenolic compounds of white mulberry and black mulberry in detail concerning their role in cancer prevention.

The present investigation was carried out to assess the rearing performance and total haemocyte count in silkworm Bombyx mori L. on antibiotic supplemented feed at various concentrations. The study was conducted on the silkworm breed APS-45.The worms were reared upto 3rd moult by feeding on mulberry leaves without any treatment. After 3rd moult, three replications were maintained for each treatment and each treatment received different concentration of antibiotics. For each antibiotic three concentrations (0.05%, 0.10% and 0.15%) were prepared and sprayed on the mulberry leaves, a separate batch was also maintained where only distilled water was sprayed and that served as a control. Among the three antibiotics evaluated ceftiofur sodium showed best results followed by oxytetracycline and enroflaxcin which also showed better results in all the parameters and it was found that improved results were obtained with an increase in concentration. The cocoon yield was statistically significant in all the treatments. However, the highest cocoon yield by weight was obtained in ceftiofur sodium. Higher cocoon weight recorded in these antibiotic treated batches indicated a clear difference in their nutrient utilization efficiency. Present investigation reflected that antibiotics have the potential to be used for enhancing the cocoon and raw silk production.

Background: Antibiotic agents have been used in recent years to increase the growth of silkworm larvae and to improve production. In this context, the present investigation reported the effects of ceftiofur sodium, oxytetracycline and enroflaxcin on total haemocyte count (cells/mm3), survival percentage and economic characteristics in silkworm Bombyx mori L. at various concentration levels. The study regarding the effect of antibiotics was conducted on the silkworm breed APS-45. Three concentrations (0.05%, 0.10% and 0.15%) were prepared for each antibiotic. The worms were reared upto 3rd instar without any treatment. After third moult silkworms were supplemented with antibiotic fortified mulberry leaves. Results: The experimental results showed that the effect of different antibiotics on economic parameters like larval weight, larval duration, cocoon weight, shell ratio and raw silk percentage were significantly increased in the treated lines in comparison to the control. Antibiotics also increased survival percentage and the most effective result was obtained at 0.15% of ceftiofur sodium followed by oxytetracycline and enroflaxcin. In the present study highest THC value of 9157.33 mm/cm3 was recorded in treatment ceftiofur sodium treated batch at concentration C3 0.15%. An increment in the total haemocyte count was observed in other treatments as well and the cell count increased with an increase in concentration of antibiotic dosage and the effectiveness of the antibiotics followed the order ceftiofur sodium, oxytetracycline and enroflaxcin. Conclusion: This research outlines that there is a significant improvement in the total haemocyte count and economic traits in silkworm with the supplementation of antibiotic fortified mulberry leaves. The antibiotic treatment has significantly improved the raw silk percentage and has been found to be effective in reducing the mortality of silkworms. So, this antibiotic fortification can be further exploited for higher raw silk production.

Highly precise spin-polarized density functional theory has been carried out to inspect the most fundamental properties inclusive of structural, electronic and magnetic properties in Ba2CdReO6 double perovskite. The structural study of material affirms its cubic geometry having space symmetry Fm-3m (225) along with lattice constant nicely appropriates well with other experimental results belonging to the same family. The prediction of band structure together with the density of states (DOS) designates its half-metallic band character in various schemes with the spin-up states as metallic and spin-down corresponds to semiconducting. The spin magnetic moment in Ba2ZnReO6 was found to be 1.00 µB. The overall prediction from the material projects its essential stand in electrode and spintronic based applications.

Half-metallic ferromagnets represent a class of materials exhibiting 100% spin polarization at Fermi level are suitable applicants for spintronic technology. In search of efficient half metallic material, we have investigated experimentally prepared halide double perovskite Cs2NaBkCl6 for first time. First principle methods based on density functional theory (DFT) using Wein2K simulation code are utilized for the study. Exchange-correlation potential is figure out through well known generalized gradient approximation. The optimization of total energy with respect to volume confirms the stability of alloy in cubic (Fm-3m) structure. The electron filling in the f-orbitals of Bk determines the overall electronic and magnetic character of alloys. The spin polarized band structure and density of states convey half metallic character for Cs2NaBkCl6 with a wide band gap in spin up state. The magnetic moment is found to be 6 μB, with main contribution solely coming from Bk-atom. The half metallic character with high magnetic moment strongly supports the application of Cs2NaBkCl6 in spintronic field.

By using ab-initio formulism the thermoelectric, electronic and structural properties of Fe2ZrSi Heusler along the band structure are examined at high pressure by implementing modified Becke-Johnson (mBJ) scheme. With the increase in pressure the band-gap reduces and a change from semiconductor to metallic state is seen. Moreover, we have investigated the thermoelectric properties by using various thermoelectric coefficients. The thermoelectric response ensures the material for recovery waste heat systems. The deliberated ground state properties of Fe2ZrSi functional material may assist the likelihood experimental synthesis for future energy harvesting technologies and spintronic applications.

We have investigated Quaternary Heusler alloy CoNbMnGa under the density functional formalism utilizing Wein2k simulation package. The structural results reveal that CoNbMnGa alloy is stable in Y1 type structure with a relaxed lattice constant of 5.92A under ferromagnetic phase. Our results affirm that CoNbMnGa exhibits semiconducting nature under modified version of Beck-Johnson potential with a gap of 0.30 eV and 0.27eV in up and down spin channels respectively. The existence of gap is elaborated through a schematic representation with possible d-d hybridization between the transition metals Co, Nb and Mn.

Wernicke’s encephalopathy is a common complication of malnutrition, alcohol abuse and gastric outlet obstruction. We describe a patient who developed Wernicke’s encephalopathy secondary to gastroparesis, with no significant evidence of malnutrition, alcohol abuse, or gastric outlet obstruction.