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Social capital and intellectual capital become the determining factors in increasing the empowerment of farmer groups, including farmers' groups for rice commodities. Rice is the main commodity in Kuok District with the largest planted area, harvested area, and total production in 2020. The objectives of this study are; 1) Identify the forms of social and intellectual capital in farmer groups, and 2). Formulate social and intellectual capital strategies in increasing the empowerment of farmer groups. The research was conducted in Kuok District, Riau Province. Respondents were determined by purposive sampling consisting of a rice farmer who became the chairman, and two members who were actively involved in group activities. The data analysis used is the Likert scale analysis, and Analytical Hierarchy Process. The results showed; The condition of social capital of rice farmer groups in Kuok District is at a moderate level with an intensity of 50.97 percent, whereas the same category is also found in intellectual capital with an intensity level of 51.93 percent. The level of empowerment of rice farmer groups in Kuok District is included in the "powerless" category with an intensity level of 35.15 percent. The strategy to increase empowerment through social capital and intellectual capital which is carried out in farmer groups is carried out with the main priority being directed to a pilot project that is managed by 1 (one) farmer group as a pilot accompanied by extension workers and other related institutions and can then be adopted by farmer groups other.

Intellectual capital is an intangible asset consisting of knowledge and networks, which are believed to increase economic added value in the business. In the context of the enactment of Undang-Undang No. 6 tahun 2014 concerning villages, BUM Desa has an important role as an economic institution at the village level which is expected to become one of the main pillars of economic development. This study aims to identify and measure the extent to which intellectual capital is present in BUM Desa, and also to analyze the impact of the relationship between this intellectual capital and the financial performance of BUM Desa. The study was carried out by BUM Desa in Tambang District, Riau Province, as a case example. Intellectual capital measurement was carried out through a Likert scale analysis, while financial performance was measured through the ability of BUM Desa to generate profits and control costs. A descriptive approach was used to describe the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance. The results of the study show that the intellectual capital of BUM Desa is formed from three main dimensions -- structural capital, relational capital, and human capital. BUM Desa is able to generate profits from assets that are more efficient than equity funding and can reduce costs to maximize profits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to provide a new overview and opportunities of blockchain (BCT), financial technology (fintech) and knowledge management (KM) over the past ten years. Its focus is on their potential to drive new value creation and innovation processes within the digital landscape of the tourism and hospitality. Design/methodology/approach: This systematic literature review and sociotechnical approach employs a literature analysis, analyzing and synthesizing 62 relevant articles published in the past decade form e-databases (Web of Science and Scopus). Findings: This study reveals that researchers frequently discuss the potential advantages and challenges of BCT, fintech and KM in this industry. These include establishing systems that prioritize transparency and traceability, addressing blockchain security concerns, enhancing financial transaction efficiency and trustworthiness, and promoting innovation and improvement through KM strategies. Furthermore, this review suggests that the application of blockchain, fintech and KM has the potential to create new markets and opportunities in the tourism and hospitality industry. This study provides insights into the state and implementation of technology-based and knowledge-based for tourism and hospitality in times of crisis and digitization era. Practical implications: Shifting to new lens (refers to sociotechnical theory), from technology adoption strategy, it is important to stay updated with emerging technologies such as BCT and fintech and upcoming technologies trends must align with tourism and hospitality business objectives, customer expectations and market demands. From the socio-dimension, KM is not confined to technological tools alone. Instead, it is a strategic approach that emphasizes fostering a culture of open communication, collaboration and knowledge sharing within the team of tourism and hospitality industry. Originality/value: Through a literature review approach, this study establishes a new foundation in tourism and hospitality such as analyzing research gaps, understanding benefits and challenges, supporting methodologies/theoretical frameworks and informing the future research opportunities. Additionally, a novel contribution is the inclusion of sociotechnical approach that is allocated into socio or knowledge resources perspective (knowledge management), and technical or technology perspective (blockchain and fintech) that drives tourism and hospitality innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]