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The Open Access movement has gathered significant momentum over the last couple of years. This has been instigated largely by cOAlition S and those funders which support its aims. Is 'Read and Publish' the way forward? Will it work for all publishers? All authors? All subscribers? All readers? This article looks at the history of OA and updates a similar piece from 2013. A detailed glossary of terms is given at the end of the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: We assess the ability of low-dose hybrid iterative reconstruction (IR) and 'pure' model-based IR (MBIR) images to maintain accurate Hounsfield unit (HU)-determined tissue characterization.Methods: Standard-protocol (SP) and low-dose modified-protocol (MP) CTs were contemporaneously acquired in 34 Crohn's disease patients referred for CT. SP image reconstruction was via the manufacturer's recommendations (60% FBP, filtered back projection; 40% ASiR, Adaptive Statistical iterative Reconstruction; SP-ASiR40). MP data sets underwent four reconstructions (100% FBP; 40% ASiR; 70% ASiR; MBIR). Three observers measured tissue volumes using HU thresholds for fat, soft tissue and bone/contrast on each data set. Analysis was via SPSS.Results: Inter-observer agreement was strong for 1530 datapoints (rs > 0.9). MP-MBIR tissue volume measurement was superior to other MP reconstructions and closely correlated with the reference SP-ASiR40 images for all tissue types. MP-MBIR superiority was most marked for fat volume calculation - close SP-ASiR40 and MP-MBIR Bland-Altman plot correlation was seen with the lowest average difference (336 cm3 ) when compared with other MP reconstructions.Conclusions: Hounsfield unit-determined tissue volume calculations from MP-MBIR images resulted in values comparable to SP-ASiR40 calculations and values that are superior to MP-ASiR images. Accuracy of estimation of volume of tissues (e.g. fat) using segmentation software on low-dose CT images appears optimal when reconstructed with pure IR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay asks whether queer oral history is different in light of recent interventions in queer theory, LGBTQ history, and oral history. It explores the intellectual genealogy of queer oral history in the research projects of some of its early practitioners. It also provides a close reading of Alessandro Portelli's classic essay and considers its implications for a queer methodology, drawing from the work of recent scholarship in queer studies as well as our collaborative research in the Twin Cities Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Oral History Project. Finally, it gestures towards some of the unique dimensions of a queer methodology and its rich potential for research in LGBTQ oral history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue on topics including the incorporation of LGBT knowledge in the archives, the Lesbian Herstory Archives (LHA), and LGBT archival practice.

An introduction is presented which discusses various reports within the issue on topics including queer archives, feminist author Gabriela Mistral, and undocumented immigrants.

The article offers information on a study which discusses association between cerebral palsy (CP), non-communicable diseases, and lifespan care. Topics discussed include impact of environmental factors on CP; higher risk of non-communicable diseases such as stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer associated with CP; and information on improvement in specialty healthcare for adults with CP.

Cadaveric material has long been used to teach anatomy and more recently to train students in clinical skills. The aim of this study was to develop a systematic approach to compare the impact of four embalming solutions on the tissues of human cadavers. To this end, a formalin‐based solution, Thiel, Genelyn and Imperial College London soft‐preservation (ICL‐SP) solution were compared. The effect of these chemicals on the properties of the tissue was assessed by measuring the range of motion (ROM) of joints and measuring the dimensions of different structures on computed tomography (CT) images before and after embalming. The mean changes in the ratio (angle to ROM) differed statistically between embalming methods (Welch Statistic 3,1.672 = 67.213, p = 0.026). Thiel embalmed cadavers showed an increase in range of motion while ICL‐SP cadavers remained relatively the same. Genelyn and formalin embalmed cadavers registered a notable decrease in range of motion. Furthermore, investigation into the impact of the embalming chemicals on the dimensions of internal organs and vessels revealed that Thiel embalming technique leads to a decrease in the dimension of the cardiovascular system alone while formalin‐based solutions maintain the shape of the organs and vessels investigated. Our findings suggest that the joints of cadavers' embalmed using ICL‐SP technique may faithfully mimic that of unembalmed cadavers and that formalin is necessary to retain shape and size of the organs and vessels investigated in this study. Despite this, a study with larger numbers of cadavers is required to confirm these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives We designed a prospective study to investigate the in-vivo relationship between abdominal body composition and radiation exposure to determine the strongest body composition predictor of dose length product (DLP) at CT. Methods Following institutional review board approval, quantitative analysis was performed prospectively on 239 consecutive patients who underwent abdominopelvic CT. DLP, BMI, volumes of abdominal adipose tissue, muscle, bone and solid organs were recorded. Results All measured body composition parameters correlated positively with DLP. Linear regression (R2 = 0.77) revealed that total adipose volume was the strongest predictor of radiation exposure [B (95% CI) = 0.027(0.024-0.030), t=23.068, p < 0.001]. Stepwise linear regression using DLP as the dependent and BMI and total adipose tissue as independent variables demonstrated that total adipose tissue is more predictive of DLP than BMI [B (95% CI) = 16.045 (11.337- 20.752), t=6.681, p < 0.001]. Conclusions The volume of adipose tissue was the strongest predictor of radiation exposure in our cohort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since their introduction into the structural health monitoring field, time-domain statistical models have been applied with considerable success. Current approaches still have several flaws, however, as they typically ignore the structure of the system, using individual sensor data for modeling and diagnosis. This paper introduces a Bayesian framework containing much of the previous work with autoregressive models as a special case. In addition, the framework allows for natural inclusion of structural knowledge through the form of prior distributions on the model parameters. Acknowledging the need for computational efficiency, we extend the framework through the use of decomposable graphical models, exploiting sparsity in the system to give models that are simple to fit and understand. This sparsity can be specified from knowledge of the system, from the data itself, or through a combination of the two. Using both simulated and real data, we demonstrate the capability of the model to capture the dynamics of the system and to provide clear indications of structural change and damage. We also demonstrate how learning the sparsity in the system gives insight into the structure׳s physical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]