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9. Procuring Food for the Future

Author

Marshall, Rachel, Antal, Lucy, Clayton, Anna, Whittle, Rebecca, Woodcock, Sonja, Boyle, Neil, Corvaglia, Maria Anna, Ryland, Diane, Morganti, Eleonora, Selviaridis, Kostas, Marshall, Rachel, Antal, Lucy, Clayton, Anna, Whittle, Rebecca, Woodcock, Sonja, Boyle, Neil, Corvaglia, Maria Anna, Ryland, Diane, Morganti, Eleonora, and Selviaridis, Kostas

Published
2020

10. Electric Vans in French Urban Settings: Obstacles and New Practices for Professional Users

Author

MORGANTI, Eleonora, Boutueil, Virginie, Laboratoire Ville, Mobilité, Transport (LVMT ), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC), Financement partiel de l'INEA (projet Corri-Door) et de l'IMD Renault-ParisTech (projet CorMo), Transportation Research Board, European Project: 2013-EU-92055-S, and École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)

Subjects
[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, logistics, JEL: L - Industrial Organization/L.L9 - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities/L.L9.L91 - Transportation: General, jel:L - Industrial Organization/L.L9 - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities/L.L9.L91 - Transportation: General, light-commercial vehicles LCVs, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, adaptation strategies, Electric vehicles EVs, jel:O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth/O.O3 - Innovation • Research and Development • Technological Change • Intellectual Property Rights/O.O3.O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences • Diffusion Processes, JEL: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth/O.O3 - Innovation • Research and Development • Technological Change • Intellectual Property Rights/O.O3.O33 - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences • Diffusion Processes, JEL: L - Industrial Organization/L.L8 - Industry Studies: Services/L.L8.L87 - Postal and Delivery Services, jel:L - Industrial Organization/L.L8 - Industry Studies: Services/L.L8.L87 - Postal and Delivery Services, transport operations
Abstract

International audience Electric Light Commercial Vehicles (LCVs) have a major role to play in the future of European road transport, especially for transport and logistics operations in urban settings. Despite the increasing commitment of EU Members to promote electromobility and improved performance of electric LCVs, their uptake is still limited and economic, technical and operational obstacles remain. The aim of this paper is to describe the transition towards heterogeneous fleets (mixing conventional and electric vehicles), identify some of the obstacles to that transition and report on new operational patterns and adaptation strategies implemented by fleet managers to overcome said obstacles. Building on the information collected on professional LCV fleets in France from a previous dynamic analysis of the French national LCV surveys, we synthesise available knowledge about vans and their patterns of use in France. Then we complete the study with the results of 8 interviews with professional van users and transport operators, in order to reach a much deeper understanding of the technical and operational obstacles to the adoption of electric LCVs. We find that two main adaptation strategies have been identified and implemented by fleet managers with the aim of better operating heterogeneous fleets (mixing conventional and electric vehicles).

Published
2017

11. Food hub: una alternativa para alimentar las ciudades de manera sostenible

Author

Palacios Argüello, Laura, Morganti, Eleonora, González Feliú, Jesús, Palacios Argüello, Laura, Morganti, Eleonora, and González Feliú, Jesús

Abstract

The task of feeding cities is a challenge that nowadays all governments face, it involves the coordination of multiple producers, distributors, logistics operators and traders of perishable foods. This paper analyzes the Food hubs concept and its impact on urban development in a critical perception from the literature review. The state of the art on the concept of Food Hub is presented at first instance. Then a classification of different types of Food hub is done by focusing on the actors involved in the food system distribution process, structure and functions. After that, an analysis of the prospects of the implementation of Food hubs is performed, evaluating its economic, social and environmental impacts. Finally, the main opportunities for the deployment of urban Food hubs are presented, and four Latin-American cases are introduced, linked them with the proposed typology., La tarea de alimentar las ciudades es un reto al que hoy se enfrentan todos los gobiernos e implica una coordinación de múltiples productores, distribuidores, operadores logísticos y comerciantes de alimentos perecederos. Este artículo pretende analizar los Food hubs en el sistema de distribución urbano de alimentos, de manera crítica y sistemática desde la literatura. Se presenta en primera instancia un estado del arte sobre el concepto de Food hub, luego se presenta una propuesta de tipificación de Food hubs de acuerdo a unos criterios, concentrándose en actores implicados en el proceso de distribución de alimentos, estructura jurídica y sus funciones. También se describen los impactos sociales, económicos y medioambientales que traería consigo la implementación de un Food hub. Finalmente, se presentan las principales oportunidades para la expansión de Food hubs urbanos y se exponen cuatro ejemplos latinoamericanos, relacionándolos con la tipología propuesta.

Published
2017

12. Spatial dimensions of e-shopping in France

Author

Motte-Baumvol, Benjamin, Belin-Munier, Christine, BELTON CHEVALLIER, Leslie, Dablanc, Laetitia, MORGANTI, Eleonora, Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049) (ThéMA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Dynamiques Economiques et Sociales des Transports (IFSTTAR/AME/DEST), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Communauté Université Paris-Est, Systèmes Productifs, Logistique, Organisation des Transports et Travail (IFSTTAR/AME/SPLOTT), Laboratoire Ville, Mobilité, Transport (LVMT ), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)

Subjects
[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Although online purchases still make up only a small share of individuals’ purchases, they increasingly represent an alternative to in-store purchases. This alternative seems even more valuable in sparsely populated areas with poorer access to shops. Online purchases may smooth out spatial constraints on access to tangible goods. The efficiency hypothesis postulates that people with low accessibility tend to buy more online. This study examines this hypothesis. The aim is to check whether online purchasing is more developed in suburban areas and whether online purchasing practices for the inhabitants of such areas are a way of overcoming their poor access to shops. Our results show quite different patterns between suburban and urban households. The efficiency hypothesis is partially validated.

Published
2016

14. An environmental assessment of urban logistics solutions based on life cycle assessment approach: application to the UDC of Saint-Etienne

Author

Andriankaja, Dina, Gondran, Natacha, Gonzalez-Feliu, Jesus, Morganti, Eleonora, Département Performance Industrielle et Environnementale des Systèmes et des Organisations (PIESO-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Henri Fayol, Environnement Ville Société (EVS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes Productifs, Logistique, Organisation des Transports et Travail (IFSTTAR/AME/SPLOTT), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Communauté Université Paris-Est, METRANS Transportation Center, Environnement, Ville, Société (EVS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI.GCIV.IT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Infrastructures de transport, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

15. BEVs and PHEVs in France: Market trends and key drivers of their short-term development : Project Corri-door Task 4.1: Evolution of EV/PHEV market Interim report Final version 1

Author

Morganti, Eleonora, Boutueil, Virginie, Leurent, Fabien, Systèmes Productifs, Logistique, Organisation des Transports et Travail (IFSTTAR/AME/SPLOTT), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Communauté Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire Ville, Mobilité, Transport (LVMT ), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM), Innovation & Networks Executive Agency (INEA), Corri-Door Consortium, European Project: 2013-EU-92055-S, and Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)

Subjects
[SHS.ARCHI]Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management, charging infrastructure, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, fast-charging, electric vehicles, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

This interim report for Task 4.1 looks into the current sales and market trends for electric vehicles worldwide, as well as in several European countries, and brings out a set of factors that are likely to influence the French market for PEVs in the short term (2020). We identify three main factors as key drivers of the uptake of PEVs in Europe and in France in the near-term future : - Technology improvements and purchase subsidies to reduce the retail price of PEVs ; - Standardisation throughout Europe, as defined by the 2014 EU Directive on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure, to lay the ground for wider consumer acceptance ; and - Deployment of fast-charging infrastructure (together with conventional and semi-fast chargers), to reduce “range anxiety” and to promote the use of PEVs for long-distance trips.

Published
2015

19. Detecting candidate high NO x emitting light commercial vehicles using vehicle emission remote sensing.

Author

Yang Z, Tate JE, Rushton CE, Morganti E, and Shepherd SP

Subjects
Environmental Monitoring, Motor Vehicles, Remote Sensing Technology, Air Pollutants analysis, Vehicle Emissions analysis
Abstract

Vehicle emission remote sensing devices have been widely used for monitoring and assessing the real-world emission performance of vehicles. They are also well-suited to identify candidate high emitting vehicles as remote sensing surveys measure the on-road, real-driving emissions (RDE) of a high proportion of the operational vehicle fleet passing through a testing site. This study uses the Gumbel distribution to characterize the fuel-specific NO x emission rates (g·kg -1 ) from diesel vans (formally referred to as light commercial vehicles or LCVs) and screen candidate high emitting vehicles. Van emission trends of four European countries (Belgium, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK) from Euro 3 to Euro 6a/b have been studied, and the impact of road grade on candidate Euro 6a/b high-emitters is also evaluated. The measurements of Euro 6a/b fleets from four countries are pooled together, and a consistent 4% of candidate high-emitters are found in both class II and class III Euro 6a/b vans, accounting for an estimated 24% and 21% total NO x emissions respectively. The pooled four country data is differentiated by vehicle models and manufacture groups. Engine downsizing of Euro 6a/b class II vans is suspected to worsen the emission performance when vehicles are driven under high engine load. The VW Group is found to be the manufacture with cleanest NO x emission performance in the Euro 6a/b fleets. By distinguishing high-emitters from normally behaving vehicles, a more robust description of fleet behaviour can be provided and high-emitting vehicles targeted for further testing by plume chasing or in an inspection garage. If the vehicle is found to have a faulty, deteriorated or tampered emission after-treatment system, the periodic vehicle inspection safety and environmental performance certificate could be revoked., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2022
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20. Real-world CO 2 and NO X emissions from refrigerated vans.

Author

Yang Z, Tate JE, Morganti E, and Shepherd SP

Abstract

Refrigerated vans used for home deliveries are attracting attention as online grocery shopping in the UK is expanding rapidly and contributes to the increasing greenhouse gas (CO 2 ) and nitrogen oxides (NO X ) emissions. These vans are typically 3.5-tonne gross weight vehicles equipped with temperature-controlled units called Transport Refrigeration Units (TRUs), which are usually powered off the vehicles' engine. It is obvious that vehicles with added weight of TRUs consume more fuel and emit more NO X , let alone the vehicles' diesel engines are also powering the refrigeration units, which further elevates the emissions. This research uses an instantaneous vehicle emission model PHEM (version 13.0.3.21) to simulate the real-world emissions from refrigerated vans. A validation of PHEM is included using data from laboratory (chassis dynamometer) tests over a realistic driving profile (the London Drive Cycle), to assess its ability to quantify the impact of changing vehicle weights and carrying loads. The impact of the TRU weight, greater frontal area increasing aerodynamic drag and refrigeration load on van emissions is then estimated by PHEM. The influence of ambient temperature, cargo weight and driving condition on CO 2 and NO X emission from refrigerated van are also assessed. Overall CO 2 emissions of vans with TRUs are found to be 15% higher than standard vehicles, with NO X emissions estimated to be elevated by 18%. This confirms the need to take into account the impact of additional engine load when predicting van emissions in this and other sectors such as ambulances which are relatively heavy, high powered vehicles. Moreover, findings of the impact of TRUs on fuel consumptions can be used to optimize fuel-saving strategies for refrigerated vans and test cases for alternative low- or zero-emission technologies, to support progress to a sustainable net-zero society., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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