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Problem: Sleep disturbance is a characteristic symptom of depression, but it is also a problem in itself related to the severity of this illness. Hence, the objective of this study was to examine sleep habits and sleep problems associated with increased depressive symptoms in children., Methods: The sample included 524 children equally distributed by gender (51.1% female), with an average age of 10.29 (SD = 1.34) years. The administered instruments were the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI; Cronbach α = 0.82) and a Sleep Habits and Sleep Problems Questionnaire (α = 0.91)., Findings: The mean score for the CDI was 12.51 (SD = 6.74) and 20% presented symptoms of depression. The linear regression model showed that sleep habits associated with the increase in symptoms of depression were: little sleep, hours of sleep during the week, and wake-up time on weekdays. In the same model, the associated sleep problems were: nocturnal awakenings, nightmares, and difficulty waking up. The presence of these sleep habits and sleep problems increased the score from 2.07 to 13.50 points on the CDI scale., Conclusions: Depressive symptoms increase with the presence of sleep habits related to sleep deprivation and sleep problems related to parasomnias in school-age children., (© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Objectives: To compare and predict sleep quality between bed and hammock users ., Design: Cross-sectional pilot study., Setting: Habitual hammock and bed users of southern Mexico., Participants: Sixty-eight college students (53% female, mean age 21 ± 1.6 years); 33 usually sleep in bed and 35 in hammock., Intervention: Not applicable., Measurements: Objective sleep measures were obtained using an actigraphy device on 7 consecutive days. Questionnaires about sleep habits and sleepiness (Epworth scale) were completed. Body mass index (BMI) was obtained with a weighing machine and altimeter., Results: Subjective sleep measures between habitual hammock and bed users were not significant (P > .05). Differences were found on 2 objective sleep measures: (1) activity index, on which hammock users obtained 7.62 minutes more than bed users (M = 36.72, standard deviation [SD] = 10.86 vs. M = 44.34, SD = 13.08, P = .018) and (2) mean sleep episodes, on which hammock users had 19.67 minutes less than bed users (M = 71.52, SD = 34.37 vs. M = 51.85, SD = 24.29, P = .014). Hammock users had a higher BMI than bed users (M = 23.38, SD = 3.45 vs. M = 26.20, SD = 4.86, P = .010). Sex and BMI were included in the predictive model of linear regression (P < .05) of the sleep actigraphy parameters, the sleeping device was excluded of final model., Conclusions: Hammock users show increased BMI, higher activity index and shorter mean sleep episodes than bed users. However, sex and BMI were stronger predictors of actigraphy parameters than bed type., (Copyright © 2020 National Sleep Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)