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Il periodo dell’emergenza sanitaria causata dal Covid-19 è stato caratterizzato in ambito comunicativo dalla proliferazione di fenomeni di Fake News diffusi principalmente attraverso i nuovi media. L’obiettivo dell’articolo è analizzare la misinformazione e la disinformazione in relazione al contesto emergenziale sociosanitario contemporaneo, nel tentativo di cogliere le caratteristiche e le funzioni delle fake news. Particolare attenzione verrà posta al ruolo che ricopre l’informazione errata nei contesti emergenziali causati da epidemie (Covid19 e Zika Virus) e gli obiettivi specifici che i propagatori di fake news mirano a raggiugere attraverso i nuovi media. A questo riguardo, sono il cyber-space, internet e i social media che vengono qui analizzati in funzione del ruolo che ricoprono nella creazione e diffusione di informazione e disinformazione. La teoria sociologica della dipendenza sviluppata a metà degli anni Settanta da Sandra J. Ball-Rokeach e Melvil DeFleur viene qui utilizzata per interpretare gli effetti sociali della disinformazione attraverso i media e permette quindi di spiegare il rapporto tra soggetto e media nei termini del soddisfacimento di bisogni informativi. The period of the health emergency caused by Covid-19 was characterized by the proliferation of Fake News phenomena spread mainly through new media. The purpose of the article is to analyse misinformation and disinformation related to the contemporary sociosanitary emergency context to grasp the characteristics and functions of fake news. Particular attention will be given to the role misinformation plays in emergency contexts caused by epidemics (Covid19 and Zika Virus) and the specific goals that fake news propagators aim to achieve through new media. In this regard, it is cyber space, the Internet and social media that are analysed here according to their role in the creation and dissemination of information and disinformation. The sociological theory of dependence developed in the mid-1970s by Sandra J. Ball-Rokeach and Melvil DeFleur is used here to interpret the social effects of disinformation through the media and thus allows the relationship between subject and media to be explained in terms of the satisfaction of information needs., Iconocrazia, V. 1, N. 21 (2022): Governo e immaginario delle emergenze (II parte)

Communication is becoming more important than ever for health care and health care professionals, as the recent COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically highlighted. The fast evolution of the mass and social media and the continuous development of new health-related platforms and applications are imposing new challenges that involve also laboratory medicine and that need to be carefully considered. In fact, these novel, fast and effective strategies of communication are inherently prone to the risk of publishing misleading, incorrect or fake information which can spread uncontrollably and diffuse all over the world in a very short time. However, social media are undoubtedly a great opportunity to communicate, in a responsible and credible way, health-related data and scientific updates and discoveries. As for the therapeutic alliance, it is now required to establish an "information alliance" between different healthcare professionals which, based on a trustworthy relationship, will allow the correct diffusion of health-related information and will contribute to citizens' education.