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1. ctDNA guided diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal cancers

Author

Mencel, Justin and Starling, N.

Abstract

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers including pancreatic (PC), biliary tract (BTC) and colorectal cancers (CRC) rely on a tissue biopsy through invasive procedures such as endoscopies and colonoscopies. Timely diagnosis of these cancers is critical to facilitate access to potentially life prolonging treatments. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the fragility of the current invasive diagnostic pathways for upper and lower GI cancers. In the UK, there was a reduction in capacity of colonoscopies and endoscopies as resources were re-directed to focus on the pandemic. There is a high unmet need for non-invasive biomarkers to support a diagnosis of cancer in patients with suspected PC, BTC and CRC. My thesis focuses on the following work I have completed: - Designing and reporting on a prospective study of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) to support a diagnosis of PC/BTC and to triage colonoscopies in patients with suspected CRC - Designing and implementing a prospective, real-world programme assessing ctDNA as a supportive diagnostic biomarker in patients with suspected advanced PC and BTC I developed and reported on the PREVAIL ctDNA study, assessing the use of ctDNA as a supportive diagnostic tool in patients with suspected cancer across multiple tumour types including PC, BTC and CRC. This is the first prospective study assessing the use of a multi-gene ctDNA assay, in a tumour-agnostic approach to support a diagnosis of PC/BTC and inform treatment decisions. My thesis reports on the rationale, design, and final results from the PC, BTC and CRC cohorts of the PREVAIL ctDNA study. Following the PREVAIL ctDNA study, I developed and implemented a larger, real-world programme assessing ctDNA as a supportive diagnostic biomarker in patients with suspected advanced PC/BTC (the ACCESS programme). The programme is actively recruiting at the time of writing my thesis. My final chapter will describe the rationale, design and interim results from the ACCESS programme.

Published
2023

3. Motor imagery training of goal-directed reaching in relation to imagery of reaching and grasping in healthy people

Author

Joanna Mencel, Jarosław Marusiak, Anna Jaskólska, Łukasz Kamiński, Marek Kurzyński, Andrzej Wołczowski, Artur Jaskólski, and Katarzyna Kisiel-Sajewicz

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract The study aimed to determine whether four weeks of motor imagery training (MIT) of goal-directed reaching (reaching to grasp task) would affect the cortical activity during motor imagery of reaching (MIR) and grasping (MIG) in the same way. We examined cortical activity regarding event-related potentials (ERPs) in healthy young participants. Our study also evaluated the subjective vividness of the imagery. Furthermore, we aimed to determine the relationship between the subjective assessment of motor imagery (MI) ability to reach and grasp and the cortical activity during those tasks before and after training to understand the underlying neuroplasticity mechanisms. Twenty-seven volunteers participated in MIT of goal-directed reaching and two measurement sessions before and after MIT. During the sessions 128-channel electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded during MIR and MIG. Also, participants assessed the vividness of the MI tasks using a visual analog scale (VAS). The vividness of imagination improved significantly (P

Published
2022
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4. Cytogenetic and molecular insight into the genetic background of disorders of sex development in seventeen cats

Author

Monika Stachowiak, Izabela Szczerbal, Joanna Nowacka-Woszuk, Tomasz Nowak, Natalia Sowinska, Anna Lukomska, Maciej Gogulski, Malgorzata Badura, Karolina Sklorz-Mencel, Dariusz Jagodka, Wojciech Nizanski, Stanislaw Dzimira, and Marek Switonski

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract The genetic background of feline disorders of sex development (DSDs) is poorly understood. We performed comprehensive cytogenetic, molecular, and histological studies of 17 cats with abnormal external genitalia, unusual behavior, or tricolor coats (atypical in males). The DSD phenotype of three cats was associated with sex chromosome abnormalities: X/Y translocation (38,XX SRY+), 37,X/38,XY mosaicism, and XX/XY leukocyte chimerism. The remaining 14 affected cats were classified as XY DSD (SRY-positive). In this group and 38 normal males, we analyzed a priori selected candidate genes (SRY, TAC3, CYP11B1 and LHCGR). Only a previously reported nonpathogenic variant was found in SRY. Moreover, SRY gene copy number was determined, and three variants were observed: 6, 5 (modal), and 4 copies in a single DSD case. The known variants in TAC3 and CYP11B1, responsible for testicular hypoplasia, persistent primary dentition or congenital adrenal hyperplasia, were not found in the study group. Nine novel polymorphisms were identified in the LHCGR gene, one of which, a potentially regulatory indel variant in 5′UTR, was significantly associated (p = 0.0467) with XY DSD. Our report confirmed that abnormalities of sex chromosomes are important causes of feline DSDs. We also showed that the indel variant of LHCGR can be considered a promising marker associated with XY DSD phenotype.

Published
2022
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5. Repair of traumatic lesions to the plasmalemma of neurons and other cells: Commonalities, conflicts, and controversies

Author

Marshal L. Mencel and George D. Bittner

Subjects
plasmalemmal/axolemmal disruptions, axonal severance, apoptosis, membrane repair, polyethylene glycol, calcium, Physiology, QP1-981
Abstract

Neuroscientists and Cell Biologists have known for many decades that eukaryotic cells, including neurons, are surrounded by a plasmalemma/axolemma consisting of a phospholipid bilayer that regulates trans-membrane diffusion of ions (including calcium) and other substances. Cells often incur plasmalemmal damage via traumatic injury and various diseases. If the damaged plasmalemma is not rapidly repaired within minutes, activation of apoptotic pathways by calcium influx often results in cell death. We review publications reporting what is less-well known (and not yet covered in neuroscience or cell biology textbooks): that calcium influx at the lesion sites ranging from small nm-sized holes to complete axonal transection activates parallel biochemical pathways that induce vesicles/membrane-bound structures to migrate and interact to restore original barrier properties and eventual reestablishment of the plasmalemma. We assess the reliability of, and problems with, various measures (e.g., membrane voltage, input resistance, current flow, tracer dyes, confocal microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy) used individually and in combination to assess plasmalemmal sealing in various cell types (e.g., invertebrate giant axons, oocytes, hippocampal and other mammalian neurons). We identify controversies such as plug versus patch hypotheses that attempt to account for currently available data on the subcellular mechanisms of plasmalemmal repair/sealing. We describe current research gaps and potential future developments, such as much more extensive correlations of biochemical/biophysical measures with sub-cellular micromorphology. We compare and contrast naturally occurring sealing with recently-discovered artificially-induced plasmalemmal sealing by polyethylene glycol (PEG) that bypasses all natural pathways for membrane repair. We assess other recent developments such as adaptive membrane responses in neighboring cells following injury to an adjacent cell. Finally, we speculate how a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in natural and artificial plasmalemmal sealing is needed to develop better clinical treatments for muscular dystrophies, stroke and other ischemic conditions, and various cancers.

Published
2023
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8. Adaptive immunity and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern following vaccination in patients with cancer: the CAPTURE study

Author

Fendler, Annika, Shepherd, Scott T. C., Au, Lewis, Wilkinson, Katalin A., Wu, Mary, Byrne, Fiona, Cerrone, Maddalena, Schmitt, Andreas M., Joharatnam-Hogan, Nalinie, Shum, Benjamin, Tippu, Zayd, Rzeniewicz, Karolina, Boos, Laura Amanda, Harvey, Ruth, Carlyle, Eleanor, Edmonds, Kim, Del Rosario, Lyra, Sarker, Sarah, Lingard, Karla, Mangwende, Mary, Holt, Lucy, Ahmod, Hamid, Korteweg, Justine, Foley, Tara, Bazin, Jessica, Gordon, William, Barber, Taja, Emslie-Henry, Andrea, Xie, Wenyi, Gerard, Camille L., Deng, Daqi, Wall, Emma C., Agua-Doce, Ana, Namjou, Sina, Caidan, Simon, Gavrielides, Mike, MacRae, James I., Kelly, Gavin, Peat, Kema, Kelly, Denise, Murra, Aida, Kelly, Kayleigh, O’Flaherty, Molly, Dowdie, Lauren, Ash, Natalie, Gronthoud, Firza, Shea, Robyn L., Gardner, Gail, Murray, Darren, Kinnaird, Fiona, Cui, Wanyuan, Pascual, Javier, Rodney, Simon, Mencel, Justin, Curtis, Olivia, Stephenson, Clemency, Robinson, Anna, Oza, Bhavna, Farag, Sheima, Leslie, Isla, Rogiers, Aljosja, Iyengar, Sunil, Ethell, Mark, Messiou, Christina, Cunningham, David, Chau, Ian, Starling, Naureen, Turner, Nicholas, Welsh, Liam, van As, Nicholas, Jones, Robin L., Droney, Joanne, Banerjee, Susana, Tatham, Kate C., O’Brien, Mary, Harrington, Kevin, Bhide, Shreerang, Okines, Alicia, Reid, Alison, Young, Kate, Furness, Andrew J. S., Pickering, Lisa, Swanton, Charles, Gandhi, Sonia, Gamblin, Steve, Bauer, David L. V., Kassiotis, George, Kumar, Sacheen, Yousaf, Nadia, Jhanji, Shaman, Nicholson, Emma, Howell, Michael, Walker, Susanna, Wilkinson, Robert J., Larkin, James, and Turajlic, Samra

Published
2021
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9. Phytoremediation as an Effective Remedy for Removing Trace Elements from Ecosystems

Author

Agnieszka Mocek-Płóciniak, Justyna Mencel, Wiktor Zakrzewski, and Szymon Roszkowski

Subjects
trace elements, contaminated soils, phytoremediation, phytoextraction, phytostabilization, hyperaccumulator, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

The pollution of soil by trace elements is a global problem. Conventional methods of soil remediation are often inapplicable, so it is necessary to search intensively for innovative and environment-friendly techniques for cleaning up ecosystems, such as phytoremediation. Basic research methods, their strengths and weaknesses, and the effects of microorganisms on metallophytes and plant endophytes resistant to trace elements (TEs) were summarised and described in this manuscript. Prospectively, bio-combined phytoremediation with microorganisms appears to be an ideal, economically viable and environmentally sound solution. The novelty of the work is the description of the potential of “green roofs” to contribute to the capture and accumulation of many metal-bearing and suspended dust and other toxic compounds resulting from anthropopressure. Attention was drawn to the great potential of using phytoremediation on less contaminated soils located along traffic routes and urban parks and green spaces. It also focused on the supportive treatments for phytoremediation using genetic engineering, sorbents, phytohormones, microbiota, microalgae or nanoparticles and highlighted the important role of energy crops in phytoremediation. Perceptions of phytoremediation on different continents are also presented, and new international perspectives are presented. Further development of phytoremediation requires much more funding and increased interdisciplinary research in this direction.

Published
2023
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11. Animal Smuggling in Poland

Author

Patrycja Mencel

Subjects
handel, przemyt, zwierzęta, fauna, wyginięcie, Zoology, QL1-991, History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, AZ20-999
Abstract

Od kilku lat obserwuje się wysoki poziom skali przemytu zwierząt. Dane statystyczne Ministerstwa Finansów za poprzedni rok wskazują, że w 2018 roku w Polsce zatrzymano 13 811 okazów CITES. Rozmiar oraz charakter zjawiska przesądzają o tym, że problem ma globalny zasięg. Ogromne znaczenie w fazie reagowania na zjawisko mają krajowe, międzynarodowe oraz unijne regulacje prawne. Zwrócić należy także uwagę na niehumanitarne traktowanie zwierząt podczas przemytu. W pracy zaprezentowano teoretyczne ujęcie problemu, skalę zjawiska oraz działania, które mogą przyczynić się do jego zwalczania.

Published
2020
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12. Incidental finding of leukaemia in circulating tumour DNA— the importance of a molecular tumour board

Author

Mencel, Justin, primary, Rayarel, Neha, additional, Proszek, Paula, additional, Carter, Paul, additional, Feber, Andy, additional, Popat, Sanjay, additional, McVeigh, Terri P., additional, George, Angela, additional, Dunlop, Alan, additional, Hardy, Katy, additional, Chau, Ian, additional, Cunningham, David, additional, Kohoutova, Darina, additional, Lee, Richard, additional, Iyengar, Sunil, additional, and Starling, Naureen, additional

Published
2024
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13. Liquid biopsies for faster diagnosis of suspected advanced pancreatic and biliary tract cancers: ACCESS, a UK innovation programme.

Author

Jones, Lauren, primary, Mencel, Justin, additional, Mullen, Reed, additional, Sardo Infirri, Sofia, additional, MacDonald, Alan, additional, Fribbens, Charlotte Victoria, additional, Rao, Sheela, additional, Mahmood, Asif, additional, Galloway, Daniel, additional, Gupta, Sanjay, additional, Chadwick, Georgina, additional, Chau, Ian, additional, Ni, Melody, additional, McVeigh, Terri Patricia, additional, Popat, Sanjay, additional, Hubank, Michael, additional, Cunningham, David, additional, George, Angela Joy, additional, and Starling, Naureen, additional

Published
2024
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15. High-density surface electromyography maps after computer-aided training in individual with congenital transverse deficiency: a case study

Author

Katarzyna Kisiel-Sajewicz, Jarosław Marusiak, Mónica Rojas-Martínez, Damian Janecki, Sławomir Chomiak, Łukasz Kamiński, Joanna Mencel, Miguel Ángel Mañanas, Artur Jaskólski, and Anna Jaskólska

Subjects
Mental training, Virtual reality system, Congenital upper limb amputation, Trapezius muscle, Case report, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935
Abstract

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to determine whether computer-aided training (CAT) of motor tasks would increase muscle activity and change its spatial distribution in a patient with a bilateral upper-limb congenital transverse deficiency. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it demonstrates the usefulness of CAT in promoting the neuromuscular adaptation in people with congenital limb deficiencies and altered body image. Case presentation The patient with bilateral upper-limb congenital transverse deficiency and the healthy control subject performed 12 weeks of the CAT. The subject’s task was to imagine reaching and grasping a book with the hand. Subjects were provided a visual animation of that movement and sensory feedback to facilitate the mental engagement to accomplish the task. High-density electromyography (HD-EMG; 64-electrode) were collected from the trapezius muscle during a shrug isometric contraction before and after 4, 8, 12 weeks of the training. After training, we observed in our patient changes in the spatial distribution of the activation, and the increased average intensity of the EMG maps and maximal force. Conclusions These results, although from only one patient, suggest that mental training supported by computer-generated visual and sensory stimuli leads to beneficial changes in muscle strength and activity. The increased muscle activation and changed spatial distribution of the EMG activity after mental training may indicate the training-induced functional plasticity of the motor activation strategy within the trapezius muscle in individual with bilateral upper-limb congenital transverse deficiency. Marked changes in spatial distribution during the submaximal contraction in the patient after training could be associated with changes of the neural drive to the muscle, which corresponds with specific (unfamiliar for patient) motor task. These findings are relevant to neuromuscular functional rehabilitation in patients with a bilateral upper-limb congenital transverse deficiency especially before and after upper limb transplantation and to development of the EMG based prostheses.

Published
2020
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17. Effect of gender, muscle type and skinfold thickness on myometric parameters in young people

Author

Joanna Mencel, Anna Jaskólska, Jaroslaw Marusiak, Katarzyna Kisiel-Sajewicz, Magdalena Siemiatycka, Lukasz Kaminski, and Artur Jaskólski

Subjects
Skinfold, Myoton, Viscoelasticity, Methodology, Gender differences, Mechanical properties, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Background The aim of the study was to compare the mechanical properties of three human skeletal muscles: biceps brachii (BB), rectus femoris (RF), and tibialis anterior (TA) at rest measured by myoton device in males (n = 16, mean age 21.2 ± 0.6 years) and females (n = 16; 21.2 ± 0.9 years) and to investigate the influence of skin and subcutaneous tissue thickness (skinfold thickness, SFT) and gender on myometric parameters of the three skeletal muscles. Methods We measured the following mechanical and viscoelastic muscle properties using MyotonPRO®: frequency (F [Hz]), decrement (D [log]), stiffness (S [N/m]), relaxation time (R [ms]) and creepability (C [De]). The values of SFT for all selected muscles were assessed by caliper. A mixed-design analysis of variance with gender as between subject comparison was used for assessing the differences between gender and muscles in SFT and each of the myometric parameters separately (F, D, S, R and C). Pearson correlation coefficient or Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between SFT and myometric parameters was conducted for males, females and males and females together. The level of statistical significance was set at α ≤ 0.05 with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Results The SFT over the RF, TA, and BB muscles in women was statistically significantly larger compared with that of males. In females and males, the SFT over the RF was larger than over the TA and BB, and the SFT over the TA was larger compared with over the BB. The values of F and S recorded for the TA muscle were the highest among the three muscles, while D, C, and R were lowest in TA but highest in the RF muscle in men and women. The values of F and S were smaller in females than in males. Gender comparison of D, C, and R values showed that only D for the RF was significantly lower in females than in males, and C for the RF and TA was significantly larger in females than in males. Some correlation between SFT and myometric parameters were different between males and females. For example, there was a significant, negative correlation between SFT and F for all muscles in females, and a significant, positive correlation between these parameters for BB and TA (not for RF) in males. For pooled data (males and females together), a negative significant correlation between SFT and F was observed for RF and TA (not significant for BB muscle). Discussion It is concluded that the TA compared with the BB and RF has significantly greater F and S but the smallest D and C and the shortest R. Gender and muscle differences in the SFT may affect the measurements of muscle properties using MyotonPRO®. The relationship between SFT and myometric parameters is different in males and females in the RF, TA, and BB muscles. Therefore, the myometric data should be analyzed in males and females separately.

Published
2021
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19. Differentiation of grassland vegetation in relation to the physicochemical properties of peat soils in the Obra River valley, western Poland.

Author

Mencel, Justyna, Klarzyńska, Agnieszka, Piernik, Agnieszka, and Mocek-Płóciniak, Agnieszka

Subjects
*SOIL horizons, *SODIC soils, *PEAT soils, *ACID soils, *RIVER channels
Abstract

The aim of the study was to present the phytosociological structure of selected grassland communities on shallow peat soils undergoing the of mursh-forming (murshing) process (humifi cation and peat mineralization). The study area was located between the North, Middle and South channels of the Obra River (Wielkopolska Lowland, western Poland). Soil surveys were conducted in May and September 2022 and phytosociological surveys in May and September 2022-2023. Soil samples for laboratory analysis were taken from the uppermost soil horizons at a depth of 0--20 cm in 20 study points. 76 phytosociological releves were taken. Five vegetation syntaxonomic units were distinguished: Molinietum caeruleae, com. Poa pratensis-Festuca rubra, Arrhenatheretum elatioris, Lolio- Cynosuretum and Alopecuretum pratensis. The vegetation units with the highest diversity values and number of species recorded in the releves was Molinietum caeruleae, while the poorest in species with lowest Shannon-Wiener index was Lolio-Cynosuretum. The soils were classifi ed as Umbric Gleysols, Mollic/Umbric Gleysols, Histic Gleysols, Histic Gleysols (Murshic). The highest contents of TOC and TN were recorded for community Poa pratensis-Festuca rubra and the lowest for Arrhenatheretum elatioris. The pH values indicated slightly acidic soils in the case of the following vegetation units: Alopecuretum pratensis, Molinietum caeruleae, Lolio-Cynosuretum, com. Poa pratensis-Festuca rubra and slightly alkaline soils in the case of Arrhenatheretum elatioris. The results of the discriminant analysis demonstrated that the most important statistically signifi cant factor for vegetation syntaxonomic units differentiation was soil pH measured both in H2O and KCl. Molinietum caeruleae association was present on the soils poor in mineral components and organic matter of relatively high C:N ratio. Shannon-Wiener index was signifi cantly negatively correlated with TOC and TN. It is advisable to continue to maintain the studied sites as grassland vegetation. Grassland communities can survive in the murshing process, provided they are correctly used (regular mowing, grazing, and fertilizing) and water relations are regulated. Grasslands, besides to enriching soils with nutrients, create the best conditions for limiting the decomposition of organic matter in accumulation and humus levels of mursh nature, which is extremely important in the face of climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. Motor Imagery Training of Reaching-to-Grasp Movement Supplemented by a Virtual Environment in an Individual With Congenital Bilateral Transverse Upper-Limb Deficiency

Author

Joanna Mencel, Anna Jaskólska, Jarosław Marusiak, Łukasz Kamiński, Marek Kurzyński, Andrzej Wołczowski, Artur Jaskólski, and Katarzyna Kisiel-Sajewicz

Subjects
mental training, reaching, grasping, EEG, amelia, neuroplasticity, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

This study explored the effect of kinesthetic motor imagery training on reaching-to-grasp movement supplemented by a virtual environment in a patient with congenital bilateral transverse upper-limb deficiency. Based on a theoretical assumption, it is possible to conduct such training in this patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether cortical activity related to motor imagery of reaching and motor imagery of grasping of the right upper limb was changed by computer-aided imagery training (CAIT) in a patient who was born without upper limbs compared to a healthy control subject, as characterized by multi-channel electroencephalography (EEG) signals recorded before and 4, 8, and 12 weeks after CAIT. The main task during CAIT was to kinesthetically imagine the execution of reaching-to-grasp movements without any muscle activation, supplemented by computer visualization of movements provided by a special headset. Our experiment showed that CAIT can be conducted in the patient with higher vividness of imagery for reaching than grasping tasks. Our results confirm that CAIT can change brain activation patterns in areas related to motor planning and the execution of reaching and grasping movements, and that the effect was more pronounced in the patient than in the healthy control subject. The results show that CAIT has a different effect on the cortical activity related to the motor imagery of a reaching task than on the cortical activity related to the motor imagery of a grasping task. The change observed in the activation patterns could indicate CAIT-induced neuroplasticity, which could potentially be useful in rehabilitation or brain-computer interface purposes for such patients, especially before and after transplantation. This study was part of a registered experiment (ID: NCT04048083).

Published
2021
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21. Soil Microbial Community and Enzymatic Activity of Grasslands under Different Use Practices: A Review

Author

Justyna Mencel, Agnieszka Mocek-Płóciniak, and Anna Kryszak

Subjects
grassland, use of meadows and pastures, bacteria, fungi, enzyme activity, Agriculture
Abstract

The usage of grassland significantly affects the microbial and biochemical parameters of soil epipedons. The use of grasslands (by mowing, grazing, and mowing and grazing) affects the dominance of bacteria in abundance relative to fungal populations. This was particularly noticeable when manual mowing was applied. In general, the highest number of microorganisms occurred during spring and summer, which should be associated with the intensity of growth of root systems of grass vegetation. It was noted that the grazing system caused an increase in the enzymatic activity of urease and slightly less dehydrogenases and acid and alkaline phosphatase. Therefore, microbial abundance and enzymatic activity are considered as indicator parameters to evaluate the biological soil environment. They are highly probable estimates of soil fertility and ecosystem biodiversity.

Published
2022
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22. DENUCLEARISATION OF THE KOREAN PENINSULA. CONSEQUENCES OF THE MEETING BETWEEN DONALD TRUMP AND KIM JONG UN IN SINGAPORE 12 JUNE 2018

Author

Marian Tadeusz Mencel

Subjects
denuclearisation of the korean peninsula, meeting in singapore, regional balance of power, diplo-matic pressure, economic pressu-e, Military Science
Abstract

As a consequence of the intensification of nuclear testing and long-range missiles, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea has become the subject of debate and pressure from the international environment, as manifested by the increasingly stringent sanctions imposed by the UN Security Council, complemented by diplomatic pressures and intensified political influence on Pyongyang by the United States and China. As result, the relations between the two Korean states warmed, and the North Korean leader, Kim Jong Un, offered to implement a process of denuclearisation in North Korea and a direct meeting with the US President, Donald Trump. Why did this unprecedented meeting take place and what are the con-sequences? How was the meeting perceived by the American re-gional allies? What is the position of China in connection with the events? What are the prospects for progress in relations between North Korea and the United States, South Korea, China and Japan? Is it possible to fully denuclearise the Korean Peninsula? This ar-ticle attempts to answer these questions.

Published
2018
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25. THE SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PRC AND THE USA SECURITY POLICY IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Author

Marian Tadeusz Mencel

Subjects
south east asia, policy to prevent and restrict, security of the regional international environment, expansionism, military and economic potential, international relations, Military Science
Abstract

The subject of this paper is to analyse the level of international environment security in the South China Sea region in the 21st century, especially from the perspective of the two most important international relations of the PRC and the United States. It is noted that Beijing gradually takes over the initiative, which is reflected in the development of the abilities of the armed forces, especially of the navy, and the development of economic policies in the region, which gradually draws and makes individual states in the region dependent. At the same time, there is a gradual decline in the role of the United States in South East Asia, the primary purpose of which in terms of “the policy to prevent and restrict China” is to create a block of East and South East Asian states able to confront Beijing’s possible expansion tendencies under Washington. It is noted that Beijing gradually takes over the initiative as the shape international environment center in the region.

Published
2017
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30. Czynniki wewnętrzne kształtujące podstawy Ruchu 4 Maja w Chinach

Author

Marian Tadeusz Mencel

Abstract

Zmiany zachodzące w Chinach w drugiej połowie XIX i pierwszych de-kadach XX wieku doprowadziły do wzmożonej aktywności chińskiego spo-łeczeństwa, w wyniku której wykształcił się tzw. Ruch 4 Maja jako wyraz ogólnospołecznego sprzeciwu wobec braku zdolności chińskich władz do obrony chińskiej racji stanu w przestrzeni stosunków międzynarodowych oraz Ruchu na rzecz Nowej Kultury podważającego tradycyjne podstawy systemu stosunków społecznych w Chinach feudalnych, które nie uległy zmianie nawet w konsekwencji upadku dynastycznej władzy cesarskiej i prób przemian ustrojowych po utworzeniu Republiki Chińskiej. Zjawiska zachodzące w tym czasie w przestrzeni społecznej Chin zasługują na szczegółowe badania w ramach dyscypliny nauk o polityce, zwłaszcza że w teorii politologii wskazuje się, iż „ruch społeczny jest […] rezultatem obiektywnego rozwoju sprzeczności społecznych, wyrastających na bazie dynamiki rozwoju sił wytwórczych” (H. Przybylski, Politologia. Zarys problematyki, Katowice 2004). Zatem jego postulaty kierowane są do prze-strzeni politycznej, przez co powinien być traktowany jako ruch polityczny na początkowym etapie rozwoju, niewyposażony jeszcze w aparat polityczny tworzony przez zorganizowane struktury, programy, strategie i doktryny stanowiące bazę organizacji politycznych wykształcających się w wyniku ich aktywności w przestrzeni społeczno-politycznej i dążeń do upodmiotowienia. Analizę uwarunkowań leżących u podstaw wykształcenia się Ruchu 4 Maja i Ruchu na Rzecz Nowej Kultury rozpoczęto od badań zjawisk zachodzących w środowisku międzynarodowym, przedstawionych w artykule autora, pt. Chiny wobec decyzji traktatu wersalskiego – Ruch 4 Maja. Stan środowiska międzynarodowego Chin i zmiany systemu stosunków międzynarodowych w regionie Dalekiego Wschodu, opublikowanym w t. XVII (2020) „Studia Gdańskie. Wizje i rzeczywistość”. W kolejnym etapie badań rozważaniom politologicznym poddano uwarunkowania wewnętrzne w Chinach, zwłaszcza sytuację polityczną i ekonomiczną, których wyniki prezentuje się w niniejszym artykule.

Published
2022

32. PUBLIC SAFETY SYSTEM OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA: THE STATE SAFETY CONCEPTS AND THE STRATEGIC ROLE OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF CHINA

Author

Marian Tadeusz Mencel

Subjects
Military Science
Abstract

Together with the economic development of the PRC, the concept of the public safety of this country is being evolving. This reveals both: the changing reality of the international environment and threats to the safety of the continued development, which gives an impulse for modernization of the People’s Liberation Army and redefinition of the strategy of defence. This work constitutes an attempt to characterize changes that have place in the Chinese security space that is inspired by political decisions of the Communist Party of China and that affects the potential of the PLA, its resources development strategy and concentration on appropriate direction of influence, especially in the region of Eastern Asia that limits the safety of shipment by the sea, export of products of the Chinese economy and access to natural resources for the Middle Kingdom.

Published
2016
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33. Identyfikacja zagrożeń wynikających z użytkowania systemów informatycznych

Author

Adrian Mencel

Abstract

Prawidłowe sklasyfikowanie zagrożeń, na które są narażone systemy informatyczne użytkowane w przedsiębiorstwach, może zapewnić odpowiedni dobór sposobów ich zabezpieczenia. Stworzenie jednorodnej i spójnej klasyfikacji może po- zwolić na porównanie opisanych zagrożeń między różnymi systemami informatycznymi użytkowanymi w przedsiębiorstwach. Celem artykułu jest propozycja klasyfikacji źródeł zagrożeń systemów informatycznych oraz zbadanie, czy polskie przedsiębiorstwa iden- tyfikują zagrożenia tych systemów. Badanie ma charakter pilotażu. Metodą badawczą przyjętą w opracowaniu jest przegląd literatury, badań naukowych oraz analiza spra- wozdań zarządu badanych 18 spółek z sektora transportu i logistyki, energetycznego oraz telekomunikacyjnego z indeksu WIG za lata 2019-2020. Na podstawie przeprowa- dzonych rozważań stwierdzono, iż zaprezentowana klasyfikacja pozwala zidentyfikować zagrożenia systemów informatycznych oraz może pomóc w ich zabezpieczeniu. Prze- prowadzona w artykule analiza dowiodła, że spółki z sektora transportu i logistyki, ener- getycznego i telekomunikacyjnego ujawniają niewiele informacji o występujących w ich działalności zagrożeniach systemów informatycznych, a co z tym związane − sposobach ich zabezpieczenia. Spółki z sektora energetycznego ujawniają znacznie więcej informa- cji, a spółki z sektora telekomunikacyjnego wykazują najwięcej. Słowa kluczowe: systemy informatyczne, zagrożenia systemów informatycznych, klasyfi- kacja źródeł zagrożeń systemów informatycznych. Kod JEL: M15, M41, K24, L86

Published
2022

35. Interplay between Selected Chemical and Biochemical Soil Properties in the Humus Horizons of Grassland Soils with Low Water Table Depth

Author

Bartłomiej Glina, Barbara Futa, Tomasz Kaczmarek, Agnieszka Mocek, Agnieszka Piernik, Łukasz Mendyk, and Justyna Mencel

Subjects
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, alluvial soils, enzymatic activity, grassland management, soil organic matter, Geography, Planning and Development, Building and Construction, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
Abstract

Grasslands are the most carbon-rich of all agricultural ecosystems, but are also the most endangered. The global area of grassland decreased during the 20th century, mainly due to conversion to arable land, improper management, and abandonment. Due to ongoing climate change, maintenance of an adequate level of soil organic matter is of primary importance, not only to maintain the productive function of the soils, but also to ensure their role as carbon stores. The main aim of this study was to assess the linkages between selected chemical and biochemical soil properties in alluvial grassland soils, characterized by a low water table. The area under study was located in the Koło Basin, central Poland. Soil parameters, such as total organic carbon, total nitrogen, pH, phosphorus, magnesium, and potassium contents, as well as enzymatic activity and soil microbial structure were studied. Positive correlations were observed between total organic carbon content and the following enzymatic activities: dehydrogenase (r = 0.63), acid phosphatase (r = 0.69), and alkaline phosphatase (r = 0.86). There was a significant correlation between fungi abundance and phosphorus and potassium contents, and between actinobacteria abundance and total organic carbon content.

Published
2022
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36. 0D Bismuth(III)-Based Hybrid Ferroelectric: Tris(acetamidinium) Hexabromobismuthate(III)

Author

Piotr Durlak, Anna Piecha-Bisiorek, Jan K. Zaręba, Vasyl Kinzhybalo, Ryszard Jakubas, K. Mencel, Przemysław Szklarz, and Marek Drozd

Subjects
Tris, chemistry.chemical_compound, Crystallography, Materials science, chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, Materials Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, General Chemistry, Ferroelectricity, Acetamidinium, Bismuth
Abstract

Ferroelectric properties of haloantimonates(III) and halobismuthates(III) have been detected for as much as 40 structures belonging to 7 different types of anionic networks, with RMX4, R2MX5, R3M2X...

Published
2021

38. China Against the Decision of the Versailles Treaty – May 4 Movement. The State of China's International Environment and Changes in the System of International Relations in the Far East Region

Author

Marian Mencel

Subjects
International relations, State (polity), Movement (music), business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Political science, International trade, Treaty, Far East, China, business, media_common
Abstract

Decisions made after World War I at the Paris Peace Conference had serious political consequences on a global scale. In Europe, new state entities disintegrated and created, the balance of power of the main po-wers changed, with the United States of America taking the first posi-tion. A bipolar system of international relations developed gradually. It reached its final form after World War II. Under the influence of the idealistic vision of the world of American President, Woodrow Wilson, the League of Nations was created. It was a universal international organization the main task of which was to ensure the "territorial integrity and political independence” of its members and to supervise the implementation of the provisions of the Versailles Treaty, regulating the global principles of international political and economic relations. They were expressed by W. Wilson in the so-called "14 points", announced in Congress on January 8, 1918. However, China was not among the beneficiaries of the "new world order" despite the fact that the Middle Kingdom participated in the war on the side of the Entente countries. The decisions made during the Paris conference were against China's raison d'état. For this reason, the country was still an economic base for strengthening its position as superpowers, especially Japan, which had been granted the rights to German concessions in China. The public protest resulted in the revolutionary May 4 Movement, which spread from Beijing to all major cities of the Republic of China, revealing the new face of Chinese society. The 100-year anniversary of these events gives rise to considerations aimed at determining the proper causes of the outbreak of the May 4 Movement and its impact on shaping internal social relations and changes occurring in the social and political space in China. The consi-derations presented in this lecture focused mainly on a synthetic appro-ach to the issue of changes occurring in the international environment, especially the policy of the powers towards China and phenomena obse-rved in Chinese society, resulting in the May 4 Movement. The material, published in subsequent volumes of "Studia Gdańskie. Wizje i rzeczywi-stość", is presented in four parts, due to the need to analyse a wide range of factors influencing the shaping of the social movement in China. In the first part, an attempt was made to indicate the conditions of the state of China's international environment and changes in the system of international relations in the Far East region in the period preceding the outbreak of World War I until its end. The changes observed in the Chinese political and economic system under the pressure of external factors and reactionary internal phenomena will be presented in the following part of the lecture. The third part will focus on the analysis of the phenomena occurring in Chinese society, especially in the context of the creation of civil society and the rejection of the Confucian tradition under the influence of liberal, socialist ideology and communism, of which the May 4 Movement was a consequence. The conclusion will involve an attempt to show the influence of the May 4 Movement on the socio-political phenomena seen during the rule of the Communist Party of China.

Published
2021

42. Targeting the immune milieu in gastrointestinal cancers

Author

Naureen Starling, Justin Mencel, and Fiona Turkes

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Antineoplastic Agents, Review, Gastrointestinal cancer, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune milieu, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Surgical oncology, Internal medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, medicine, Humans, Molecular Targeted Therapy, education, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Gastrointestinal Neoplasms, education.field_of_study, Tumor microenvironment, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Immunotherapy, Hepatology, medicine.disease, Immune checkpoint, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, business
Abstract

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are among the most common and lethal solid tumors worldwide. Unlike in malignancies such as lung, renal and skin cancers, the activity of immunotherapeutic agents in GI cancers has, on the whole, been much less remarkable and do not apply to the majority. Furthermore, while incremental progress has been made and approvals for use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in specific subsets of patients with GI cancers are coming through, in a population of ‘all-comers’, it is frequently unclear as to who may benefit most due to the relative lack of reliable predictive biomarkers. For most patients with newly diagnosed advanced or metastatic GI cancer, the mainstay of treatment still involves chemotherapy and/or a targeted agent however, beyond the second-line this paradigm confers minimal patient benefit. Thus, current research efforts are concentrating on broadening the applicability of ICIs in GI cancers by combining them with agents designed to beneficially remodel the tumor microenvironment (TME) for more effective anti-cancer immunity with intention of improving patient outcomes. This review will discuss the currently approved ICIs available for the treatment of GI cancers, the strategies underway focusing on combining ICIs with agents that target the TME and touch on recent progress toward identification of predictors of sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockade in GI cancers.

Published
2020

43. Realia funkcjonowania grup poszukiwawczo-ratowniczych w Polsce

Author

Patrycja Mencel

Subjects
Event (relativity), Business, Computer security, computer.software_genre, computer, Search and rescue
Abstract

The disappearance of a person is an event that demands coordination of the enti-ties involved in the search for missing persons. Cooperation of governmental search and rescue services with other entities specializing in search operations is of great importance in the system of locating missing persons, as it increases the chances of saving the life of a lost person.

Published
2020

44. Political and Economic Conditions in East Asia Under the Influece of the European Regime in the 16th–17th Century

Author

Marian Mencel

Subjects
Politics, Geography, Economy, East Asia, South east asia
Abstract

In the article, an attempt was made to identify the most important factors that contributed to the loss of dominant position of China in the South-East Asian region under the influence of the expansion of the European countries, which consisted inter alia of: competition – which revealed in the crushed medieval Europe; the scientific revolution, espe-cially in the fields of mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry and biology, to the transition to a capitalist and a highly industrial economy; the development of the rule of law and representative government based on the law of private property, liberating modern methods of economy and economics; modern medicine allowing to increase the quality and length of life; the development of the consumer society – releasing tech-nological progress in order to meet the growing demand; a high level of work ethic – revealing by the increase in productivity and the accumula-tion of capital; the influence of cultural civilization of ancient Greece, Rome and Christianity – acting in all of the areas of the socio-political and economic Europe.

Published
2020

45. Correlation between crystal structures and polar (ferroelectric) properties of hybrids of haloantimonates(<scp>iii</scp>) and halobismuthates(<scp>iii</scp>)

Author

Anna Piecha-Bisiorek, Ryszard Jakubas, M. Rok, Grażyna Bator, and K. Mencel

Subjects
Inorganic Chemistry, Phase transition, Solid-state chemistry, Crystallography, Materials science, Polar, Halide, Dielectric, Crystal structure, Hybrid material, Ferroelectricity
Abstract

Halogenoantimonates(III) and halogenobismuthates(III) are a highly versatile class of organic–inorganic hybrid materials, applicable in optoelectronics and switchable dielectric devices. In this review, we discuss the rich chemistry of molecular–ionic halide complexes of Bi(III) and Sb(III) focusing on the correlations between their crystal structures and ferroelectric properties as well as on an explanation of the molecular mechanism of the paraelectric–ferroelectric phase transition. This review summarizes the current state of the art in the field of ferroelectricity among organic–inorganic hybrids based on Bi(III) and Sb(III) halides, which has become one of the key exploration areas of modern materials chemistry.

Published
2020

46. Ferroelectricity in a lead free organic–inorganic 0D hybrid: formamidinium bromoantimonate(<scp>iii</scp>)

Author

Anna Piecha-Bisiorek, Anna Gągor, Jan K. Zaręba, Ryszard Jakubas, A. Ciżman, Wojciech Medycki, and K. Mencel

Subjects
Spontaneous polarization, Crystallography, Chemical substance, Formamidinium, Materials science, Organic inorganic, Materials Chemistry, Molecular mechanism, General Chemistry, Science, technology and society, Ferroelectricity
Abstract

A multiphase, low-temperature ferroelectric of haloantimonate(iii) with a unique R5M2X11 composition and Ps of about 3 μC cm−2 resulting from the ‘order–disorder’ and ‘displacive’ molecular mechanism is successfully synthesized and characterized.

Published
2020

47. Safety and efficacy review of aflibercept for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer

Author

David K. Lau, Justin Mencel, and Ian Chau

Subjects
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Leucovorin, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Camptothecin, Female, General Medicine, Fluorouracil, Colorectal Neoplasms, Placenta Growth Factor
Abstract

Anti-angiogenic drugs are an efficacious class of therapy in the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Aflibercept, a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) trap which binds the angiogenic factors VEGF-A, VEGF-B, and placental growth factor (PIGF) is approved in combination with FOLFIRI chemotherapy following progression after an oxaliplatin-containing regimen.This report provides a review of the practice-changing clinical studies which have established the use of anti-angiogenic therapy as second-line therapy in mCRC including aflibercept with FOLFIRI (5FU, leucovorin, irinotecan). This review also evaluates aflibercept with other chemotherapy regimens as well as efficacy and safety data from real-world studies.Aflibercept in combination with FOLFIRI chemotherapy is an established safe and efficacious regimen for the treatment of mCRC as second-line chemotherapy. Although several toxicities have been described, the majority are either low grade or manageable by drug cessation and supportive therapies. For optimal outcomes, patient selection and close observation of toxicities is essential.

Published
2022

48. Adaptive immunity and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern following vaccination in patients with cancer: the CAPTURE study

Author

Fendler, Annika, Shepherd, Scott TC, Au, Lewis, Wilkinson, Katalin A, Wu, Mary, Byrne, Fiona, Cerrone, Maddalena, Schmitt, Andreas M, Joharatnam-Hogan, Nalinie, Shum, Benjamin, Tippu, Zayd, Rzeniewicz, Karolina, Boos, Laura Amanda, Harvey, Ruth, Carlyle, Eleanor, Edmonds, Kim, Del Rosario, Lyra, Sarker, Sarah, Lingard, Karla, Mangwende, Mary, Holt, Lucy, Ahmod, Hamid, Korteweg, Justine, Foley, Tara, Bazin, Jessica, Gordon, William, Barber, Taja, Emslie-Henry, Andrea, Xie, Wenyi, Gerard, Camille L, Deng, Daqi, Wall, Emma C, Agua-Doce, Ana, Namjou, Sina, Caidan, Simon, Gavrielides, Mike, MacRae, James I, Kelly, Gavin, Peat, Kema, Kelly, Denise, Murra, Aida, Kelly, Kayleigh, O���Flaherty, Molly, Dowdie, Lauren, Ash, Natalie, Gronthoud, Firza, Shea, Robyn L, Gardner, Gail, Murray, Darren, Kinnaird, Fiona, Cui, Wanyuan, Pascual, Javier, Rodney, Simon, Mencel, Justin, Curtis, Olivia, Stephenson, Clemency, Robinson, Anna, Oza, Bhavna, Farag, Sheima, Leslie, Isla, Rogiers, Aljosja, Iyengar, Sunil, Ethell, Mark, Messiou, Christina, Cunningham, David, Chau, Ian, Starling, Naureen, Turner, Nicholas, Welsh, Liam, van As, Nicholas, Jones, Robin L, Droney, Joanne, Banerjee, Susana, Tatham, Kate C, O���Brien, Mary, Harrington, Kevin, Bhide, Shreerang, Okines, Alicia, Reid, Alison, Young, Kate, Furness, Andrew JS, Pickering, Lisa, Swanton, Charles, Consortium, The Crick COVID-19, Gandhi, Sonia, Gamblin, Steve, Bauer, David LV, Kassiotis, George, Kumar, Sacheen, Yousaf, Nadia, Jhanji, Shaman, Nicholson, Emma, Howell, Michael, Walker, Susanna, Wilkinson, Robert J, Larkin, James, Turajlic, Samra, and Consortium, The CAPTURE

Subjects
Model organisms, Chemical Biology & High Throughput, Human Biology & Physiology, FOS: Clinical medicine, Stem Cells, Genome Integrity & Repair, Immunology, Neurosciences, Infectious Disease, Cell Biology, Tumour Biology, Biochemistry & Proteomics, Signalling & Oncogenes, Metabolism, Ecology,Evolution & Ethology, Cell Cycle & Chromosomes, Genetics & Genomics, Developmental Biology, Structural Biology & Biophysics, Computational & Systems Biology
Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) antiviral response in a pan-tumor immune monitoring (CAPTURE) (NCT03226886) is a prospective cohort study of COVID-19 immunity in patients with cancer. Here we evaluated 585 patients following administration of two doses of BNT162b2 or AZD1222 vaccines, administered 12 weeks apart. Seroconversion rates after two doses were 85% and 59% in patients with solid and hematological malignancies, respectively. A lower proportion of patients had detectable titers of neutralizing antibodies (NAbT) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOC) versus wild-type (WT) SARS-CoV-2. Patients with hematological malignancies were more likely to have undetectable NAbT and had lower median NAbT than those with solid cancers against both SARS-CoV-2 WT and VOC. By comparison with individuals without cancer, patients with hematological, but not solid, malignancies had reduced neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses. Seroconversion showed poor concordance with NAbT against VOC. Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection boosted the NAb response including against VOC, and anti-CD20 treatment was associated with undetectable NAbT. Vaccine-induced T cell responses were detected in 80% of patients and were comparable between vaccines or cancer types. Our results have implications for the management of patients with cancer during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

Published
2022
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49. Reperfusion therapies and in-hospital outcomes for ST-elevation myocardial infarction in europe. the ACVC-EAPCI EORP STEMI registry of the european society of cardiology

Author

Zeymer, U., Ludman, P., Danchin, N., Kala, P., Laroche, C., Sadeghi, M., Caporale, R., Shaheen, S. M., Legutko, J., Iakobsishvili, Z., Alhabib, K. F., Motovska, Z., Studencan, M., Mimoso, J., Becker, D., Alexopoulos, D., Kereseselidze, Z., Stojkovic, S., Zelveian, P., Goda, A., Mirrakhimov, E., Bajraktari, G., Al-Farhan, H., Serpytis, P., Raungaard, B., Marandi, T., Moore, A. M., Quinn, M., Karjalainen, P. P., Tatu-Chitolu, G., Gale, C. P., Maggioni, A. P., Weidinger, F., Sinnaeve, P., Ferrari, R., Karamfilov, K., Lidon, R. -M., Kereselidze, Z., Iakobishvili, Z., Erglis, A., Kedev, S., Dudek, D., Tatu-Chitoiu, G., Shlyakhto, E., Bunc, M., Mourali, M. S., Konte, M., Larras, F., Lefrancq, E. F., Mekhaldi, S., Shuka, N., Pavli, E., Tafaj, E., Gishto, T., Dibra, A., Duka, A., Gjana, A., Kristo, A., Knuti, G., Demiraj, A., Dado, E., Hasimi, E., Simoni, L., Siqeca, M., Sisakian, H., Hayrapetyan, H., Markosyan, S., Galustyan, L., Arustamyan, N., Kzhdryan, H., Pepoyan, S., Zirkik, A., Von Lewinski, D., Paetzold, S., Kienzl, I., Matyas, K., Neunteufl, T., Nikfardjam, M., Neuhold, U., Mihalcz, A., Glaser, F., Steinwender, C., Reiter, C., Grund, M., Hrncic, D., Hoppe, U., Hammerer, M., Hinterbuchner, L., Hengstenberg, C., Delle Karth, G., Lang, I., Winkler, W., Hasun, M., Kastner, J., Havel, C., Derntl, M., Oberegger, G., Hajos, J., Adlbrecht, C., Publig, T., Leitgeb, M. -C., Wilfing, R., Jirak, P., C. -Y., Ho, Puskas, L., Schrutka, L., Spinar, J., Parenica, J., Hlinomaz, O., Fendrychova, V., Semenka, J., Sikora, J., Sitar, J., Groch, L., Rezek, M., Novak, M., Kramarikova, P., Stasek, J., Dusek, J., Zdrahal, P., Polasek, R., Karasek, J., Seiner, J., Sukova, N., Varvarovsky, I., Lazarak, T., Novotny, V., Matejka, J., Rokyta, R., Volovar, S., Belohlavek, J., Siranec, M., Kamenik, M., Kralik, R., Ravkilde, J., Jensen, S. E., Villadsen, A., Villefrance, K., Schmidt Skov, C., Maeng, M., Moeller, K., Hasan-Ali, H., Ahmed, T. A., Hassan, M., Elguindy, A., Farouk Ismail, M., Ibrahim Abd El-Aal, A., El-Sayed Gaafar, A., Magdy Hassan, H., Ahmed Shafie, M., Nabil El-Khouly, M., Bendary, A., Darwish, M., Ahmed, Y., Amin, O. A., Abdelhakim, A., Abosaif, K., Kandil, H., Galal, M. A. G., El Hefny, E. E., El Sayed, M., Aly, K., Mokarrab, M., Osman, M., Abdelhamid, M., Mantawy, S., Ali, M. R., Kaky, S. D., Khalil, V. A., Saraya, M. E. A., Talaat, A., Nabil, M., Mounir, W. M., Mahmoud, K., Aransa, A., Kazamel, G., Anwar, S., Al-Habbaa, A., Abd El Monem, M., Ismael, A., Amin Abu-Sheaishaa, M., Abd Rabou, M. M., Hammouda, T. M. A., Moaaz, M., Elkhashab, K., Ragab, T., Rashwan, A., Rmdan, A., Abdelrazek, G., Ebeid, H., Soliman Ghareeb, H., Farag, N., Zaki, M., Seleem, M., Torki, A., Youssef, M., Allah Nasser, N. A., Rafaat, A., Selim, H., Makram, M. M., Khayyal, M., Malasi, K., Madkour, A., Kolib, M., Alkady, H., Nagah, H., Yossef, M., Wafa, A., Mahfouz, E., Faheem, G., Magdy Moris, M., Ragab, A., Ghazal, M., Mabrouk, A., El-Masry, M., Naseem, M., Samir, S., Reinmets, J., Allvee, M., Saar, A., Ainla, T., Vaide, A., Kisseljova, M., Pakosta, U., Eha, J., Lotamois, K., Sia, J., Myllymaki, J., Pinola, T., Paana, T., Mikkelsson, J., Ampio, M., Tsivilasvili, J., Zurab, P., Agladze, R., Melia, A., Gogoberidze, D., Khubua, N., Totladze, L., Metreveli, I., Chikovani, A., Eitel, I., Poss, J., Werner, M., Constantz, A., Ahrens, C., Tolksdorf, H., Klinger, S., Sack, S., Heer, T., Lekakis, J., Kanakakis, I., Xenogiannis, I., Ermidou, K., Makris, N., Ntalianis, A., Katsaros, F., Revi, E., Kafkala, K., Mihelakis, E., Diakakis, G., Grammatikopoulos, K., Voutsinos, D., Xanthopoulou, I., Mplani, V., Foussas, S., Papakonstantinou, N., Patsourakos, N., Dimopoulos, A., Derventzis, A., Athanasiou, K., Vassilikos, V. P., Papadopoulos, C., Tzikas, S., Vogiatzis, I., Datsios, A., Galitsianos, I., Koutsampasopoulos, K., Grigoriadis, S., Douras, A., Baka, N., Spathis, S., Kyrlidis, T., Hatzinikolaou, H., Kiss, R. G., Nowotta, F., Toth, K., Szabo, S., Lakatos, C., Jambrik, Z., Ruzsa, J., Ruzsa, Z., Rona, S., Toth, J., Vargane Kosik, A., Toth, K. S. B., Nagy, G. G., Ondrejko, Z., Koromi, Z., Botos, B., Pourmoghadas, M., Salehi, A., Massoumi, G., Soleimani, A., Sarrafzadegan, N., Roohafza, H., Azarm, M., Mirmohammadsadeghi, A., Rajabi, D., Rahmani, Y., Siabani, S., Najafi, F., Hamzeh, B., Karim, H., Siabani, H., Saleh, N., Charehjoo, H., Zamzam, L., Al-Temimi, G., Al-Yassin, A., Mohammad, A., Ridha, A., Al-Saedi, G., Atabi, N., Sabbar, O., Mahmood, S., Dakhil, Z., Yaseen, I. F., Almyahi, M., Alkenzawi, H., Alkinani, T., Alyacopy, A., Kearney, P., Twomey, K., Shlomo, N., Beigel, R., Caldarola, P., Rutigliano, D., Sublimi Saponetti, L., Locuratolo, N., Palumbo, V., Scherillo, M., Formigli, D., Canova, P., Musumeci, G., Roncali, F., Metra, M., Lombardi, C., Visco, E., Rossi, L., Meloni, L., Montisci, R., Pippia, V., Marchetti, M. F., Congia, M., Cacace, C., Luca, G., Boscarelli, G., Indolfi, C., Ambrosio, G., Mongiardo, A., Spaccarotella, C., De Rosa, S., Canino, G., Critelli, C., Chiappetta, D., Battista, F., Gabrielli, D., Marziali, A., Bernabo, P., Navazio, A., Guerri, E., Manca, F., Gobbi, M., Oreto, Giuseppe, Andò, Giuseppe, Carerj, Scipione, Saporito, Francesco, Cimmino, Michele, Rigo, F., Zuin, G., Tuccillo, B., Scotto DI Uccio, F., Irace, L., Lorenzoni, G., Meloni, I., Merella, P., Polizzi, G. M., Pino, R., Marzilli, M., Morrone, D., Caravelli, P., Orsini, E., Mosa, S., Piovaccari, G., Santarelli, A., Cavazza, C., Romeo, F., Fedele, F., Mancone, M., Straito, M., Salvi, N., Scarparo, P., Severino, P., Razzini, C., Massaro, G., Cinque, A., Gaudio, C., Barilla, F., Torromeo, C., Porco, L., Mei, M., Iorio, R., Nassiacos, D., Barco, B., Sinagra, G., Falco, L., Priolo, L., Perkan, A., Strana, M., Percuku, L., Berisha, G., Mziu, B., Beishenkulov, M., Abdurashidova, T., Toktosunova, A., Kaliev, K., Serpytis, R., Butkute, E., Lizaitis, M., Broslavskyte, M., Xuereb, R. G., Mercieca Balbi, M., Paris, E., Buttigieg, L., Musial, W., Dobrzycki, S., Dubicki, A., Kazimierczyk, E., Tycinska, A., Wojakowski, W., Kalanska-Lukasik, B., Ochala, A., Wanha, W., Dworowy, S., Sielski, J., Janion, M., Janion-Sadowska, A., Wojtasik-Bakalarz, J., Bryniarski, L., Peruga, J. Z., Jonczyk, M., Jankowski, L., Klecha, A., Michalowska, J., Brzezinski, M., Kozmik, T., Kowalczyk, T., Adamczuk, J., Maliszewski, M., Kuziemka, P., Plaza, P., Jaros, A., Pawelec, A., Sledz, J., Bartus, S., Zmuda, W., Bogusz, M., Wisnicki, M., Szastak, G., Adamczyk, M., Suska, M., Czunko, P., Opolski, G., Kochman, J., Tomaniak, M., Miernik, S., Paczwa, K., Witkowski, A., Opolski, M. P., Staruch, A. D., Kalarus, Z., Honisz, G., Mencel, G., Swierad, M., Podolecki, T., Marques, J., Azevedo, P., Pereira, M. 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Z., Jonczyk, M., Jankowski, L., Klecha, A., Michalowska, J., Brzezinski, M., Kozmik, T., Kowalczyk, T., Adamczuk, J., Maliszewski, M., Kuziemka, P., Plaza, P., Jaros, A., Pawelec, A., Sledz, J., Bartus, S., Zmuda, W., Bogusz, M., Wisnicki, M., Szastak, G., Adamczyk, M., Suska, M., Czunko, P., Opolski, G., Kochman, J., Tomaniak, M., Miernik, S., Paczwa, K., Witkowski, A., Opolski, M. P., Staruch, A. D., Kalarus, Z., Honisz, G., Mencel, G., Swierad, M., Podolecki, T., Marques, J., Azevedo, P., Pereira, M. A., Gaspar, A., Monteiro, S., Goncalves, F., Leite, L., Manuel Lopes Dos Santos, W., Amado, J., Pereira, D., Silva, B., Caires, G., Neto, M., Rodrigues, R., Correia, A., Freitas, D., Lourenco, A., Ferreira, F., Sousa, F., Portugues, J., Calvo, L., Almeida, F., Alves, M., Silva, A., Caria, R., Seixo, F., Militaru, C., Ionica, E., Istratoaie, O., Florescu, M., Lipnitckaia, E., Osipova, O., Konstantinov, S., Bukatov, V., Vinokur, T., Egorova, E., Nefedova, E., Levashov, S., Gorbunova, A., Redkina, M., Karaulovskaya, N., Bijieva, F., Babich, N., Smirnova, O., Filyanin, R., Eseva, S., Kutluev, A., Chlopenova, A., Shtanko, A., Kuppar, E., Shaekhmurzina, E., Ibragimova, M., Mullahmetova, M., Chepisova, M., Kuzminykh, M., Betkaraeva, M., Namitokov, A., Khasanov, N., Baleeva, L., Galeeva, Z., Magamedkerimova, F., Ivantsov, E., Tavlueva, E., Kochergina, A., Sedykh, D., Kosmachova, E., Skibitskiy, V., Porodenko, N., Litovka, K., Ulbasheva, E., Niculina, S., Petrova, M., Harkov, E., Tsybulskaya, N., Lobanova, A., Chernova, A., Kuskaeva, A., Kuskaev, A., Ruda, M., Zateyshchikov, D., Gilarov, M., Konstantinova, E., Koroleva, O., Averkova, A., Zhukova, N., Kalimullin, D., Borovkova, N., Tokareva, A., Buyanova, M., Khaisheva, L., Pirozhenko, A., Novikova, T., Yakovlev, A., Tyurina, T., Lapshin, K., Moroshkina, N., Kiseleva, M., Fedorova, S., Krylova, L., Duplyakov, D., Semenova, Y., Rusina, A., Ryabov, V., Syrkina, A., Demianov, S., Reitblat, O., Artemchuk, A., Efremova, E., Makeeva, E., Menzorov, M., Shutov, A., Klimova, N., Shevchenko, I., Elistratova, O., Kostyuckova, O., Islamov, R., Budyak, V., Ponomareva, E., Ullah Jan, U., Alshehri, A. 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M., Gonzalez-Cambeiro, C., Gonzalez-Babarro, E., Domingo-Del Valle, J., Royuela, N., Burgos, V., Canteli, A., Castrillo, C., Cobo, M., Ruiz, M., Abu-Assi, E., and Garcia Acuna, J.

Subjects
Registrie, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Cardiology, Myocardial Reperfusion, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, Hospital, 0302 clinical medicine, Reperfusion therapy, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Internal medicine, Fibrinolysis, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Registries, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Observational studies, observational studies, reperfusion therapy, business.industry, Mortality rate, Primary percutaneous coronary intervention, ST-elevation myocardial infarction, Europe, Hospitals, Treatment Outcome, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Percutaneous coronary intervention, medicine.disease, primary percutaneous coronary intervention, Observational studie, 3. Good health, Prospective Studie, Cohort, Conventional PCI, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Human
Abstract

Aims The aim of this study was to determine the contemporary use of reperfusion therapy in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) member and affiliated countries and adherence to ESC clinical practice guidelines in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods and results Prospective cohort (EURObservational Research Programme STEMI Registry) of hospitalized STEMI patients with symptom onset Conclusions The use of reperfusion therapy for STEMI in the ESC member and affiliated countries was high. Primary PCI was the most frequently used treatment and associated total in-hospital mortality was below 5%. However, there was geographic variation in the use of primary PCI, which was associated with differences in in-hospital mortality.

Published
2021

50. Liquid biopsy for diagnosis in patients with suspected pancreatic and biliary tract cancers: PREVAIL ctDNA pilot trial.

Author

Mencel, Justin, primary, Feber, Andrew, additional, Begum, Ruwaida, additional, Carter, Paul, additional, Smalley, Michaela, additional, Bourmpaki, Elli, additional, Shur, Josh, additional, Zar, Sameer, additional, Kohoutova, Darina, additional, Popat, Sanjay, additional, George, Angela, additional, McVeigh, Terri Patricia, additional, Hubank, Michael, additional, Peckitt, Clare, additional, Fribbens, Charlotte Victoria, additional, Watkins, David J., additional, Rao, Sheela, additional, Chau, Ian, additional, Cunningham, David, additional, and Starling, Naureen, additional

Published
2022
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