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Your search keyword '"McIntyre, P. B."' showing total 142 results
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142 results on '"McIntyre, P. B."'

3. Glucose dysregulation in antipsychotic-naive first-episode psychosis: in silico exploration of gene expression signatures

Author

Lee, Jiwon, Xue, Xiangning, Au, Emily, McIntyre, William B., Asgariroozbehani, Roshanak, Panganiban, Kristoffer, Tseng, George C., Papoulias, Maria, Smith, Emily, Monteiro, Jonathan, Shah, Divia, Maksyutynska, Kateryna, Cavalier, Samantha, Radoncic, Emril, Prasad, Femin, Agarwal, Sri Mahavir, Mccullumsmith, Robert, Freyberg, Zachary, Logan, Ryan W., and Hahn, Margaret K.

Published
2024
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4. Extensive global wetland loss over the past three centuries

Author

Fluet-Chouinard, Etienne, Stocker, Benjamin D., Zhang, Zhen, Malhotra, Avni, Melton, Joe R., Poulter, Benjamin, Kaplan, Jed O., Goldewijk, Kees Klein, Siebert, Stefan, Minayeva, Tatiana, Hugelius, Gustaf, Joosten, Hans, Barthelmes, Alexandra, Prigent, Catherine, Aires, Filipe, Hoyt, Alison M., Davidson, Nick, Finlayson, C. Max, Lehner, Bernhard, Jackson, Robert B., and McIntyre, Peter B.

Published
2023
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5. Mapping the planet’s critical natural assets

Author

Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Neugarten, Rachel A., Sharp, Richard P., Collins, Pamela M., Polasky, Stephen, Hole, David, Schuster, Richard, Strimas-Mackey, Matthew, Mulligan, Mark, Brandon, Carter, Diaz, Sandra, Fluet-Chouinard, Etienne, Gorenflo, L. J., Johnson, Justin A., Kennedy, Christina M., Keys, Patrick W., Longley-Wood, Kate, McIntyre, Peter B., Noon, Monica, Pascual, Unai, Reidy Liermann, Catherine, Roehrdanz, Patrick R., Schmidt-Traub, Guido, Shaw, M. Rebecca, Spalding, Mark, Turner, Will R., van Soesbergen, Arnout, and Watson, Reg A.

Published
2023
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6. The environmental footprint of global food production

Author

Halpern, Benjamin S., Frazier, Melanie, Verstaen, Juliette, Rayner, Paul-Eric, Clawson, Gage, Blanchard, Julia L., Cottrell, Richard S., Froehlich, Halley E., Gephart, Jessica A., Jacobsen, Nis S., Kuempel, Caitlin D., McIntyre, Peter B., Metian, Marc, Moran, Daniel, Nash, Kirsty L., Többen, Johannes, and Williams, David R.

Published
2022
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7. Use of dexmedetomidine for sedation in mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients: a rapid practice guideline

Author

Møller, Morten H., Alhazzani, Waleed, Lewis, Kimberley, Belley-Cote, Emilie, Granholm, Anders, Centofanti, John, McIntyre, William B., Spence, Jessica, Al Duhailib, Zainab, Needham, Dale M., Evans, Laura, Reintam Blaser, Annika, Pisani, Margaret A., D’Aragon, Frederick, Shankar-Hari, Manu, Alshahrani, Mohammed, Citerio, Giuseppe, Arora, Rakesh C., Mehta, Sangeeta, Girard, Timothy D., Ranzani, Otavio T., Hammond, Naomi, Devlin, John W., Shehabi, Yahya, Pandharipande, Pratik, and Ostermann, Marlies

Published
2022
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14. A global database of lake surface temperatures collected by in situ and satellite methods from 1985–2009

Author

Sharma, Sapna, Gray, Derek K, Read, Jordan S, O’Reilly, Catherine M, Schneider, Philipp, Qudrat, Anam, Gries, Corinna, Stefanoff, Samantha, Hampton, Stephanie E, Hook, Simon, Lenters, John D, Livingstone, David M, McIntyre, Peter B, Adrian, Rita, Allan, Mathew G, Anneville, Orlane, Arvola, Lauri, Austin, Jay, Bailey, John, Baron, Jill S, Brookes, Justin, Chen, Yuwei, Daly, Robert, Dokulil, Martin, Dong, Bo, Ewing, Kye, de Eyto, Elvira, Hamilton, David, Havens, Karl, Haydon, Shane, Hetzenauer, Harald, Heneberry, Jocelyne, Hetherington, Amy L, Higgins, Scott N, Hixson, Eric, Izmest’eva, Lyubov R, Jones, Benjamin M, Kangur, Külli, Kasprzak, Peter, Köster, Olivier, Kraemer, Benjamin M, Kumagai, Michio, Kuusisto, Esko, Leshkevich, George, May, Linda, MacIntyre, Sally, Müller-Navarra, Dörthe, Naumenko, Mikhail, Noges, Peeter, Noges, Tiina, Niederhauser, Pius, North, Ryan P, Paterson, Andrew M, Plisnier, Pierre-Denis, Rigosi, Anna, Rimmer, Alon, Rogora, Michela, Rudstam, Lars, Rusak, James A, Salmaso, Nico, Samal, Nihar R, Schindler, Daniel E, Schladow, Geoffrey, Schmidt, Silke R, Schultz, Tracey, Silow, Eugene A, Straile, Dietmar, Teubner, Katrin, Verburg, Piet, Voutilainen, Ari, Watkinson, Andrew, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A, Williamson, Craig E, and Woo, Kara H

Abstract

Global environmental change has influenced lake surface temperatures, a key driver of ecosystem structure and function. Recent studies have suggested significant warming of water temperatures in individual lakes across many different regions around the world. However, the spatial and temporal coherence associated with the magnitude of these trends remains unclear. Thus, a global data set of water temperature is required to understand and synthesize global, long-term trends in surface water temperatures of inland bodies of water. We assembled a database of summer lake surface temperatures for 291 lakes collected in situ and/or by satellites for the period 1985-2009. In addition, corresponding climatic drivers (air temperatures, solar radiation, and cloud cover) and geomorphometric characteristics (latitude, longitude, elevation, lake surface area, maximum depth, mean depth, and volume) that influence lake surface temperatures were compiled for each lake. This unique dataset offers an invaluable baseline perspective on global-scale lake thermal conditions as environmental change continues.

Published
2015

16. A somatic activating NRAS variant associated with kaposiform lymphangiomatosis

Author

Barclay, Sarah F., Inman, Kyle W., Luks, Valerie L., McIntyre, John B., Al-Ibraheemi, Alyaa, Church, Alanna J., Perez-Atayde, Antonio R., Mangray, Shamlal, Jeng, Michael, Kreimer, Sara R., Walker, Lori, Fishman, Steven J., Alomari, Ahmad I., Chaudry, Gulraiz, Trenor III, Cameron C., Adams, Denise, Kozakewich, Harry P. W., and Kurek, Kyle C.

Published
2019
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22. Balancing hydropower and biodiversity in the Amazon, Congo, and Mekong

Author

Winemiller, K. O., McIntyre, P. B., Castello, L., Fluet-Chouinard, E., Giarrizzo, T., Nam, S., Baird, I. G., Darwall, W., Lujan, N. K., Harrison, I., Stiassny, M. L. J., Silvano, R. A. M., Fitzgerald, D. B., Pelicice, F. M., Agostinho, A. A., Gomes, L. C., Albert, J. S., Baran, E., Petrere, M., Zarfl, C., Mulligan, M., Sullivan, J. P., Arantes, C. C., Sousa, L. M., Koning, A. A., Hoeinghaus, D. J., Sabaj, M., Lundberg, J. G., Armbruster, J., Thieme, M. L., Petry, P., Zuanon, J., Vilara, G. Torrente, Snoeks, J., Ou, C., Rainboth, W., Pavanelli, C. S., Akama, A., van Soesbergen, A., and Sáenz, L.

Published
2016

23. Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of PIK3CAMutation and CNV Status and Phosphorylated AKT Expression in Patients With Cervical Cancer Treated With Primary Surgery

Author

Martell, Kevin, McIntyre, John B., Abedin, Tasnima, Kornaga, Elizabeth N., Chan, Angela M.Y., Enwere, Emeka, Köbel, Martin, Dean, Michelle L., Phan, Tien, Ghatage, Prafull, Lees-Miller, Susan P., and Doll, Corinne M.

Abstract

Currently, there are limited and conflicting reports on the prognostic utility of PIK3CAand associated pathway markers for cervical cancers treated with primary surgical management. Moreover, current studies are lacking complete characterization of adjuvant treatment with RT and/or chemotherapy. We aimed to document the prevalence, clinicopathologic, adjuvant treatment details, and prognostic value of PI3K/AKT pathway mutations and copy number variation and phosphorylated AKT status in patients with cervical cancers treated with primary surgery. A clinicopathologic review was performed on a retrospective cohort of 185 patients with cervical cancer, treated with primary surgery at a single tertiary institution. Next-generation sequencing and digital PCR was used to determine PI3K/AKT pathway mutational status and PIK3CAcopy number variation, respectively, and fluorescent immunohistochemistry measured phosphorylated AKT expression. In all, 179 of 185 (96.8%) of tumors were successfully sequenced; 48 (26.8%) were positive for PI3K/AKT pathway mutations—the majority (n=37, 77.1%) PIK3CAmutations. PIK3CAmutation was associated with pathologically positive lymph nodes [12 (32%) vs. 22 (16%); P=0.022] and indication for postoperative chemoradiotherapy [17 (45.9%) vs. 32 (22.5%); P=0.004]. On multivariable analysis, PIK3CAstatus was not associated with overall survival (P=0.103) or progression-free survival (P=0.240) at 5 yrs, nor was PIK3CAcopy number variation status. phosphorylated AKT ≤ median significantly predicted for progression-free survival [multivariable hazard ratio 0.39 (0.17–0.89; P=0.025)] but not overall survival (P=0.087). The correlation of PIK3CAwith pathologic positive lymph node status yet lack of association with survival outcomes may be due to the use of adjuvant postoperative therapy. PIK3CAassessment before radical hysterectomy may help identify patients with a higher risk of node-positive disease.

Published
2024
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26. Correction to: Comprehensive benchmarking and ensemble approaches for metagenomic classifiers

Author

McIntyre, Alexa B. R., Ounit, Rachid, Afshinnekoo, Ebrahim, Prill, Robert J., Hénaff, Elizabeth, Alexander, Noah, Minot, Samuel S., Danko, David, Foox, Jonathan, Ahsanuddin, Sofia, Tighe, Scott, Hasan, Nur A., Subramanian, Poorani, Moffat, Kelly, Levy, Shawn, Lonardi, Stefano, Greenfield, Nick, Colwell, Rita R., Rosen, Gail L., and Mason, Christopher E.

Published
2019
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32. Global patterns and controls of nutrient immobilization on decomposing cellulose in riverine ecosystems

Author

Costello, D. M. (David M.), Tiegs, S. D. (Scott D.), Boyero, L. (Luz), Canhoto, C. (Cristina), Capps, K. A. (Krista A.), Danger, M. (Michael), Frost, P. C. (Paul C.), Gessner, M. O. (Mark O.), Griffiths, N. A. (Natalie A.), Halvorson, H. M. (Halvor M.), Kuehn, K. A. (Kevin A.), Marcarelli, A. M. (Amy M.), Royer, T. V. (Todd, V), Mathie, D. M. (Devan M.), Albarino, R. J. (Ricardo J.), Arango, C. P. (Clay P.), Aroviita, J. (Jukka), Baxter, C. V. (Colden, V), Bellinger, B. J. (Brent J.), Bruder, A. (Andreas), Burdon, F. J. (Francis J.), Callisto, M. (Marcos), Camacho, A. (Antonio), Colas, F. (Fanny), Cornut, J. (Julien), Crespo-Perez, V. (Veronica), Cross, W. F. (Wyatt F.), Derry, A. M. (Alison M.), Douglas, M. M. (Michael M.), Elosegi, A. (Arturo), Eyto, E. (Elvira), Ferreira, V. (Veronica), Ferriol, C. (Carmen), Fleituch, T. (Tadeusz), Shah, J. J. (Jennifer J. Follstad), Frainer, A. (Andre), Garcia, E. A. (Erica A.), Garcia, L. (Liliana), Garcia, P. E. (Pavel E.), Giling, D. P. (Darren P.), Gonzales-Pomar, R. K. (R. Karina), Graca, M. A. (Manuel A. S.), Grossart, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Guerold, F. (Francois), Hepp, L. U. (Luiz U.), Higgins, S. N. (Scott N.), Hishi, T. (Takuo), Iniguez-Armijos, C. (Carlos), Iwata, T. (Tomoya), Kirkwood, A. E. (Andrea E.), Koning, A. A. (Aaron A.), Kosten, S. (Sarian), Laudon, H. (Hjalmar), Leavitt, P. R. (Peter R.), Lemes da Silva, A. L. (Aurea L.), Leroux, S. J. (Shawn J.), LeRoy, C. J. (Carri J.), Lisi, P. J. (Peter J.), Masese, F. O. (Frank O.), McIntyre, P. B. (Peter B.), McKie, B. G. (Brendan G.), Medeiros, A. O. (Adriana O.), Milisa, M. (Marko), Miyake, Y. (Yo), Mooney, R. J. (Robert J.), Muotka, T. (Timo), Nimptsch, J. (Jorge), Paavola, R. (Riku), Pardo, I. (Isabel), Parnikoza, I. Y. (Ivan Y.), Patrick, C. J. (Christopher J.), Peeters, E. T. (Edwin T. H. M.), Pozo, J. (Jesus), Reid, B. (Brian), Richardson, J. S. (John S.), Rincon, J. (Jose), Risnoveanu, G. (Geta), Robinson, C. T. (Christopher T.), Santamans, A. C. (Anna C.), Simiyu, G. M. (Gelas M.), Skuja, A. (Agnija), Smykla, J. (Jerzy), Sponseller, R. A. (Ryan A.), Teixeira-de Mello, F. (Franco), Vilbaste, S. (Sirje), Villanueva, V. D. (Veronica D.), Webster, J. R. (Jackson R.), Woelfl, S. (Stefan), Xenopoulos, M. A. (Marguerite A.), Yates, A. G. (Adam G.), Yule, C. M. (Catherine M.), Zhang, Y. (Yixin), Zwart, J. A. (Jacob A.), Costello, D. M. (David M.), Tiegs, S. D. (Scott D.), Boyero, L. (Luz), Canhoto, C. (Cristina), Capps, K. A. (Krista A.), Danger, M. (Michael), Frost, P. C. (Paul C.), Gessner, M. O. (Mark O.), Griffiths, N. A. (Natalie A.), Halvorson, H. M. (Halvor M.), Kuehn, K. A. (Kevin A.), Marcarelli, A. M. (Amy M.), Royer, T. V. (Todd, V), Mathie, D. M. (Devan M.), Albarino, R. J. (Ricardo J.), Arango, C. P. (Clay P.), Aroviita, J. (Jukka), Baxter, C. V. (Colden, V), Bellinger, B. J. (Brent J.), Bruder, A. (Andreas), Burdon, F. J. (Francis J.), Callisto, M. (Marcos), Camacho, A. (Antonio), Colas, F. (Fanny), Cornut, J. (Julien), Crespo-Perez, V. (Veronica), Cross, W. F. (Wyatt F.), Derry, A. M. (Alison M.), Douglas, M. M. (Michael M.), Elosegi, A. (Arturo), Eyto, E. (Elvira), Ferreira, V. (Veronica), Ferriol, C. (Carmen), Fleituch, T. (Tadeusz), Shah, J. J. (Jennifer J. Follstad), Frainer, A. (Andre), Garcia, E. A. (Erica A.), Garcia, L. (Liliana), Garcia, P. E. (Pavel E.), Giling, D. P. (Darren P.), Gonzales-Pomar, R. K. (R. Karina), Graca, M. A. (Manuel A. S.), Grossart, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Guerold, F. (Francois), Hepp, L. U. (Luiz U.), Higgins, S. N. (Scott N.), Hishi, T. (Takuo), Iniguez-Armijos, C. (Carlos), Iwata, T. (Tomoya), Kirkwood, A. E. (Andrea E.), Koning, A. A. (Aaron A.), Kosten, S. (Sarian), Laudon, H. (Hjalmar), Leavitt, P. R. (Peter R.), Lemes da Silva, A. L. (Aurea L.), Leroux, S. J. (Shawn J.), LeRoy, C. J. (Carri J.), Lisi, P. J. (Peter J.), Masese, F. O. (Frank O.), McIntyre, P. B. (Peter B.), McKie, B. G. (Brendan G.), Medeiros, A. O. (Adriana O.), Milisa, M. (Marko), Miyake, Y. (Yo), Mooney, R. J. (Robert J.), Muotka, T. (Timo), Nimptsch, J. (Jorge), Paavola, R. (Riku), Pardo, I. (Isabel), Parnikoza, I. Y. (Ivan Y.), Patrick, C. J. (Christopher J.), Peeters, E. T. (Edwin T. H. M.), Pozo, J. (Jesus), Reid, B. (Brian), Richardson, J. S. (John S.), Rincon, J. (Jose), Risnoveanu, G. (Geta), Robinson, C. T. (Christopher T.), Santamans, A. C. (Anna C.), Simiyu, G. M. (Gelas M.), Skuja, A. (Agnija), Smykla, J. (Jerzy), Sponseller, R. A. (Ryan A.), Teixeira-de Mello, F. (Franco), Vilbaste, S. (Sirje), Villanueva, V. D. (Veronica D.), Webster, J. R. (Jackson R.), Woelfl, S. (Stefan), Xenopoulos, M. A. (Marguerite A.), Yates, A. G. (Adam G.), Yule, C. M. (Catherine M.), Zhang, Y. (Yixin), and Zwart, J. A. (Jacob A.)

Abstract

Microbes play a critical role in plant litter decomposition and influence the fate of carbon in rivers and riparian zones. When decomposing low-nutrient plant litter, microbes acquire nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from the environment (i.e., nutrient immobilization), and this process is potentially sensitive to nutrient loading and changing climate. Nonetheless, environmental controls on immobilization are poorly understood because rates are also influenced by plant litter chemistry, which is coupled to the same environmental factors. Here we used a standardized, low-nutrient organic matter substrate (cotton strips) to quantify nutrient immobilization at 100 paired stream and riparian sites representing 11 biomes worldwide. Immobilization rates varied by three orders of magnitude, were greater in rivers than riparian zones, and were strongly correlated to decomposition rates. In rivers, P immobilization rates were controlled by surface water phosphate concentrations, but N immobilization rates were not related to inorganic N. The N:P of immobilized nutrients was tightly constrained to a molar ratio of 10:1 despite wide variation in surface water N:P. Immobilization rates were temperature-dependent in riparian zones but not related to temperature in rivers. However, in rivers nutrient supply ultimately controlled whether microbes could achieve the maximum expected decomposition rate at a given temperature. Collectively, we demonstrated that exogenous nutrient supply and immobilization are critical control points for decomposition of organic matter.

Published
2022

34. Comprehensive benchmarking and ensemble approaches for metagenomic classifiers

Author

McIntyre, Alexa B. R., Ounit, Rachid, Afshinnekoo, Ebrahim, Prill, Robert J., Hénaff, Elizabeth, Alexander, Noah, Minot, Samuel S., Danko, David, Foox, Jonathan, Ahsanuddin, Sofia, Tighe, Scott, Hasan, Nur A., Subramanian, Poorani, Moffat, Kelly, Levy, Shawn, Lonardi, Stefano, Greenfield, Nick, Colwell, Rita R., Rosen, Gail L., and Mason, Christopher E.

Published
2017
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35. DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENT: Balancing hydropower and biodiversity in the Amazon, Congo, and Mekong

Author

Winemiller, K. O., McIntyre, P. B., Castello, L., Fluet-Chouinard, E., Giarrizzo, T., Nam, S., Baird, I. G., Darwall, W., Lujan, N. K., Harrison, I., Stiassny, M. L. J., Silvano, R. A. M., Fitzgerald, D. B., Pelicice, F. M., Agostinho, A. A., Gomes, L. C., Albert, J. S., Baran, E., Petrere, M., Zarfl, C., Mulligan, M., Sullivan, J. P., Arantes, C. C., Sousa, L. M., Koning, A. A., Hoeinghaus, D. J., Sabaj, M., Lundberg, J. G., Armbruster, J., Thieme, M. L., Petry, P., Zuanon, J., Vilara, Torrente G., Snoeks, J., Ou, C., Rainboth, W., Pavanelli, C. S., Akama, A., van Soesbergen, A., and Sáenz, L.

Published
2016
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38. Global patterns and drivers of ecosystem functioning in rivers and riparian zones

Author

Tiegs, S. D. (Scott D.), Costello, D. M. (David M.), Isken, M. W. (Mark W.), Woodward, G. (Guy), McIntyre, P. B. (Peter B.), Gessner, M. O. (Mark O.), Chauvet, E. (Eric), Griffiths, N. A. (Natalie A.), Flecker, A. S. (Alex S.), Acuna, V. (Vicenc), Albarino, R. (Ricardo), Allen, D. C. (Daniel C.), Alonso, C. (Cecilia), Andino, P. (Patricio), Arango, C. (Clay), Aroviita, J. (Jukka), Barbosa, M. V. (Marcus V. M.), Barmuta, L. A. (Leon A.), Baxter, C. V. (Colden V.), Bell, T. D. (Thomas D. C.), Bellinger, B. (Brent), Boyero, L. (Luz), Brown, L. E. (Lee E.), Bruder, A. (Andreas), Bruesewitz, D. A. (Denise A.), Burdon, F. J. (Francis J.), Callisto, M. (Marcos), Canhoto, C. (Cristina), Capps, K. A. (Krista A.), Castillo, M. M. (Maria M.), Clapcott, J. (Joanne), Colas, F. (Fanny), Colon-Gaud, C. (Checo), Cornut, J. (Julien), Crespo-Perez, V. (Veronica), Cross, W. F. (Wyatt F.), Culp, J. M. (Joseph M.), Danger, M. (Michael), Dangles, O. (Olivier), de Eyto, E. (Elvira), Derry, A. M. (Alison M.), Diaz Villanueva, V. (Veronica), Douglas, M. M. (Michael M.), Elosegi, A. (Arturo), Encalada, A. C. (Andrea C.), Entrekin, S. (Sally), Espinosa, R. (Rodrigo), Ethaiya, D. (Diana), Ferreira, V. (Veronica), Ferriol, C. (Carmen), Flanagan, K. M. (Kyla M.), Fleituch, T. (Tadeusz), Shah, J. J. (Jennifer J. Follstad), Frainer, A. (Andre), Friberg, N. (Nikolai), Frost, P. C. (Paul C.), Garcia, E. A. (Erica A.), Lago, L. G. (Liliana Garcia), Garcia Soto, P. E. (Pavel Ernesto), Ghate, S. (Sudeep), Giling, D. P. (Darren P.), Gilmer, A. (Alan), Goncalves, J. F. (Jose Francisco, Jr.), Gonzales, R. K. (Rosario Karina), Graca, M. A. (Manuel A. S.), Grace, M. (Mike), Grossart, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Guerold, F. (Francois), Gulis, V. (Vlad), Hepp, L. U. (Luiz U.), Higgins, S. (Scott), Hishi, T. (Takuo), Huddart, J. (Joseph), Hudson, J. (John), Imberger, S. (Samantha), Iniguez-Armijos, C. (Carlos), Iwata, T. (Tomoya), Janetski, D. J. (David J.), Jennings, E. (Eleanor), Kirkwood, A. E. (Andrea E.), Koning, A. A. (Aaron A.), Kosten, S. (Sarian), Kuehn, K. A. (Kevin A.), Laudon, H. (Hjalmar), Leavitt, P. R. (Peter R.), Lemes da Silva, A. L. (Aurea L.), Leroux, S. J. (Shawn J.), Leroy, C. J. (Carri J.), Lisi, P. J. (Peter J.), MacKenzie, R. (Richard), Marcarelli, A. M. (Amy M.), Masese, F. O. (Frank O.), Mckie, B. G. (Brendan G.), Oliveira Medeiros, A. (Adriana), Meissner, K. (Kristian), Milisa, M. (Marko), Mishra, S. (Shailendra), Miyake, Y. (Yo), Moerke, A. (Ashley), Mombrikotb, S. (Shorok), Mooney, R. (Rob), Moulton, T. (Tim), Muotka, T. (Timo), Negishi, J. N. (Junjiro N.), Neres-Lima, V. (Vinicius), Nieminen, M. L. (Mika L.), Nimptsch, J. (Jorge), Ondruch, J. (Jakub), Paavola, R. (Riku), Pardo, I. (Isabel), Patrick, C. J. (Christopher J.), Peeters, E. T. (Edwin T. H. M.), Pozo, J. (Jesus), Pringle, C. (Catherine), Prussian, A. (Aaron), Quenta, E. (Estefania), Quesada, A. (Antonio), Reid, B. (Brian), Richardson, J. S. (John S.), Rigosi, A. (Anna), Rincon, J. (Jose), Risnoveanu, G. (Geta), Robinson, C. T. (Christopher T.), Rodriguez-Gallego, L. (Lorena), Royer, T. V. (Todd V.), Rusak, J. A. (James A.), Santamans, A. C. (Anna C.), Selmeczy, G. B. (Geza B.), Simiyu, G. (Gelas), Skuja, A. (Agnija), Smykla, J. (Jerzy), Sridhar, K. R. (Kandikere R.), Sponseller, R. (Ryan), Stoler, A. (Aaron), Swan, C. M. (Christopher M.), Szlag, D. (David), Teixeira-de Mello, F. (Franco), Tonkin, J. D. (Jonathan D.), Uusheimo, S. (Sari), Veach, A. M. (Allison M.), Vilbaste, S. (Sirje), Vought, L. B. (Lena B. M.), Wang, C.-P. (Chiao-Ping), Webster, J. R. (Jackson R.), Wilson, P. B. (Paul B.), Woelfl, S. (Stefan), Xenopoulos, M. A. (Marguerite A.), Yates, A. G. (Adam G.), Yoshimura, C. (Chihiro), Yule, C. M. (Catherine M.), Zhang, Y. X. (Yixin X.), Zwart, J. A. (Jacob A.), Tiegs, S. D. (Scott D.), Costello, D. M. (David M.), Isken, M. W. (Mark W.), Woodward, G. (Guy), McIntyre, P. B. (Peter B.), Gessner, M. O. (Mark O.), Chauvet, E. (Eric), Griffiths, N. A. (Natalie A.), Flecker, A. S. (Alex S.), Acuna, V. (Vicenc), Albarino, R. (Ricardo), Allen, D. C. (Daniel C.), Alonso, C. (Cecilia), Andino, P. (Patricio), Arango, C. (Clay), Aroviita, J. (Jukka), Barbosa, M. V. (Marcus V. M.), Barmuta, L. A. (Leon A.), Baxter, C. V. (Colden V.), Bell, T. D. (Thomas D. C.), Bellinger, B. (Brent), Boyero, L. (Luz), Brown, L. E. (Lee E.), Bruder, A. (Andreas), Bruesewitz, D. A. (Denise A.), Burdon, F. J. (Francis J.), Callisto, M. (Marcos), Canhoto, C. (Cristina), Capps, K. A. (Krista A.), Castillo, M. M. (Maria M.), Clapcott, J. (Joanne), Colas, F. (Fanny), Colon-Gaud, C. (Checo), Cornut, J. (Julien), Crespo-Perez, V. (Veronica), Cross, W. F. (Wyatt F.), Culp, J. M. (Joseph M.), Danger, M. (Michael), Dangles, O. (Olivier), de Eyto, E. (Elvira), Derry, A. M. (Alison M.), Diaz Villanueva, V. (Veronica), Douglas, M. M. (Michael M.), Elosegi, A. (Arturo), Encalada, A. C. (Andrea C.), Entrekin, S. (Sally), Espinosa, R. (Rodrigo), Ethaiya, D. (Diana), Ferreira, V. (Veronica), Ferriol, C. (Carmen), Flanagan, K. M. (Kyla M.), Fleituch, T. (Tadeusz), Shah, J. J. (Jennifer J. Follstad), Frainer, A. (Andre), Friberg, N. (Nikolai), Frost, P. C. (Paul C.), Garcia, E. A. (Erica A.), Lago, L. G. (Liliana Garcia), Garcia Soto, P. E. (Pavel Ernesto), Ghate, S. (Sudeep), Giling, D. P. (Darren P.), Gilmer, A. (Alan), Goncalves, J. F. (Jose Francisco, Jr.), Gonzales, R. K. (Rosario Karina), Graca, M. A. (Manuel A. S.), Grace, M. (Mike), Grossart, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Guerold, F. (Francois), Gulis, V. (Vlad), Hepp, L. U. (Luiz U.), Higgins, S. (Scott), Hishi, T. (Takuo), Huddart, J. (Joseph), Hudson, J. (John), Imberger, S. (Samantha), Iniguez-Armijos, C. (Carlos), Iwata, T. (Tomoya), Janetski, D. J. (David J.), Jennings, E. (Eleanor), Kirkwood, A. E. (Andrea E.), Koning, A. A. (Aaron A.), Kosten, S. (Sarian), Kuehn, K. A. (Kevin A.), Laudon, H. (Hjalmar), Leavitt, P. R. (Peter R.), Lemes da Silva, A. L. (Aurea L.), Leroux, S. J. (Shawn J.), Leroy, C. J. (Carri J.), Lisi, P. J. (Peter J.), MacKenzie, R. (Richard), Marcarelli, A. M. (Amy M.), Masese, F. O. (Frank O.), Mckie, B. G. (Brendan G.), Oliveira Medeiros, A. (Adriana), Meissner, K. (Kristian), Milisa, M. (Marko), Mishra, S. (Shailendra), Miyake, Y. (Yo), Moerke, A. (Ashley), Mombrikotb, S. (Shorok), Mooney, R. (Rob), Moulton, T. (Tim), Muotka, T. (Timo), Negishi, J. N. (Junjiro N.), Neres-Lima, V. (Vinicius), Nieminen, M. L. (Mika L.), Nimptsch, J. (Jorge), Ondruch, J. (Jakub), Paavola, R. (Riku), Pardo, I. (Isabel), Patrick, C. J. (Christopher J.), Peeters, E. T. (Edwin T. H. M.), Pozo, J. (Jesus), Pringle, C. (Catherine), Prussian, A. (Aaron), Quenta, E. (Estefania), Quesada, A. (Antonio), Reid, B. (Brian), Richardson, J. S. (John S.), Rigosi, A. (Anna), Rincon, J. (Jose), Risnoveanu, G. (Geta), Robinson, C. T. (Christopher T.), Rodriguez-Gallego, L. (Lorena), Royer, T. V. (Todd V.), Rusak, J. A. (James A.), Santamans, A. C. (Anna C.), Selmeczy, G. B. (Geza B.), Simiyu, G. (Gelas), Skuja, A. (Agnija), Smykla, J. (Jerzy), Sridhar, K. R. (Kandikere R.), Sponseller, R. (Ryan), Stoler, A. (Aaron), Swan, C. M. (Christopher M.), Szlag, D. (David), Teixeira-de Mello, F. (Franco), Tonkin, J. D. (Jonathan D.), Uusheimo, S. (Sari), Veach, A. M. (Allison M.), Vilbaste, S. (Sirje), Vought, L. B. (Lena B. M.), Wang, C.-P. (Chiao-Ping), Webster, J. R. (Jackson R.), Wilson, P. B. (Paul B.), Woelfl, S. (Stefan), Xenopoulos, M. A. (Marguerite A.), Yates, A. G. (Adam G.), Yoshimura, C. (Chihiro), Yule, C. M. (Catherine M.), Zhang, Y. X. (Yixin X.), and Zwart, J. A. (Jacob A.)

Abstract

River ecosystems receive and process vast quantities of terrestrial organic carbon, the fate of which depends strongly on microbial activity. Variation in and controls of processing rates, however, are poorly characterized at the global scale. In response, we used a peer-sourced research network and a highly standardized carbon processing assay to conduct a global-scale field experiment in greater than 1000 river and riparian sites. We found that Earth’s biomes have distinct carbon processing signatures. Slow processing is evident across latitudes, whereas rapid rates are restricted to lower latitudes. Both the mean rate and variability decline with latitude, suggesting temperature constraints toward the poles and greater roles for other environmental drivers (e.g., nutrient loading) toward the equator. These results and data set the stage for unprecedented “next-generation biomonitoring” by establishing baselines to help quantify environmental impacts to the functioning of ecosystems at a global scale.

Published
2019

41. Grassroots reserves rescue a river food web from cascading impacts of overharvest.

Author

Koning, Aaron A and McIntyre, Peter B

Subjects
TROPHIC cascades, FISHERIES, INSECT behavior, FISH communities, MARINE ecology, FOOD chains
Abstract

Intensive fishing is altering the functioning of aquatic ecosystems worldwide, threatening both biodiversity and food security. No‐fishing reserves have proven effective at restoring food‐web structure and enhancing fisheries in marine ecosystems, but remain virtually untested in freshwater systems. Using experiments inside and outside of community‐created riverine reserves in Thailand, we describe a trophic cascade across six trophic levels, from humans to algal responses to nutrient availability. Protection from fishing profoundly reconfigures fish communities – greatly increasing biodiversity, biomass, and body size – yet mean trophic position was unaffected. Cascade dynamics from fish to algae were observed regardless of protection status, although fishing intensified trophic interactions through strong effects on grazing insect behavior. The marked effectiveness of these small, grassroots reserves offers an important conservation‐planning model for protecting food webs and augmenting fishery yields in biodiverse tropical rivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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42. SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Where Are We Now?

Author

Flanagan, Katie L., MacIntyre, C. Raina, McIntyre, Peter B., and Nelson, Michael R.

Abstract

The best and safest way to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is by using vaccination to generate widespread immunity. The urgent need to develop safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines was met with unprecedented speed and action from the global community. There are now 289 vaccines in the development pipeline. More remarkably, there are 20 publicly available vaccines, and more than 3.3 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines have been administered across 180 countries. This is just the beginning of our fight against the pandemic. Even at the current vaccination rate, it could take years to vaccinate the world's population; many high-income countries are focusing on their needs, whereas the poorer nations are waiting for vaccines. There is still much that we do not understand about immunity to this new disease, and we will have to contend with the emerging variants. In this commentary, we describe the current status of COVID-19 vaccine development and provide insights into how the development and approvals happened so quickly. We discuss the clinical trial data that led to rapid emergency use authorization and the many challenges of global rollout. We also comment on some of the key unanswered questions and future directions for COVID-19 vaccine development and deployment.

Published
2021
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43. Ecosystem responses to channel restoration decline with stream size in urban river networks.

Author

Levi, Peter S. and McIntyre, Peter B.

Subjects
STREAM restoration, RIVER channels, RESTORATION ecology, ECOSYSTEMS, NUTRIENT uptake, RIVERS, GRASSLAND restoration, WETLAND restoration
Abstract

Urban streams are often severely impaired due to channelization, high loads of nutrients and contaminants, and altered land cover in the watershed. Physical restoration of stream channels is widely used to offset the effects of urbanization on streams, with the goal of improving ecosystem structure and function. However, these efforts are rarely guided by strategic analysis of the factors that mediate the responsiveness of stream ecosystems to restoration. Given that ecological gradients from headwater streams to mainstem rivers are ubiquitous, we posited that location within a river network could mediate the benefits of channel restoration. We studied existing stream restorations in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, to determine (1) whether restorations improve ecosystem function (e.g., nutrient uptake, whole‐stream metabolism) and (2) how ecosystem responses vary by position in the urban river network. We quantified a suite of physicochemical and biological metrics in six pairs of contiguous restored and concrete channel reaches, spanning gradients in baseflow discharge (19–196 L/s) and river network position (i.e., headwater to mainstem). Hydrology differed dramatically between the restored and concrete reaches; water velocity was reduced 2‐ to 13‐fold while water residence time was 50–5,000% greater in adjacent restored reaches. Restored reaches had shorter nutrient uptake lengths for ammonium, nitrate, and phosphate, as well as higher whole‐stream metabolism. Furthermore, the majority of reaches were autotrophic (i.e., gross primary production > ecosystem respiration), which is not common in stream ecosystems. The difference in ecosystem functioning between restored and unrestored reaches was generally largest in headwaters and declined to equivalence in mainstem restorations. Our results suggest that headwater sites offer higher return on investment compared to larger downstream channels, where ecosystem responsiveness is low. If this pattern proves to be general, the scaling of ecosystem responses with river size could be integrated into planning guidelines for urban stream restorations to enhance the societal and ecological benefits of these expensive interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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44. Geophysical benthic habitat mapping in Lake Tanganyika (Tanzania): Implications for spatial planning of small-scale coastal protected areas.

Author

Lucas, Joseph S., McGlue, Michael M., Kimirei, Ismael A., Soreghan, Michael J., Mbonde, Athanasio, Yeager, Kevin M., Limbu, Peter, Apse, Colin, and McIntyre, Peter B.

Abstract

Optimizing community-based fisheries management to enhance both food resource and biodiversity conservation in large lakes requires detailed knowledge of benthic habitats, which determines suitability for fish breeding sites. This information is unavailable for much of Lake Tanganyika, whose fisheries are threatened by a warming climate, destructive harvesting practices, and sediment pollution. Lake Tanganyika possesses a remarkably diverse fish population. Much of this is concentrated in areas with water depths less than 30 m and on rocky substrate. Here, geophysical tools were used to map benthic habitats in a 21 km2 co-management area of the lake in western Tanzania. Echosounding defined the position of the 30-m isobath, which varies with proximity to deltas and rift-related faults. Side-scan sonar discriminated among four unique substrates: crystalline bedrock, calcite-cemented sandstones, mixed siliciclastic sediments, and shell-rich sediments. Unlithified mixed silts and sands constitute over 91% of the study area. Rocky substrate composed of crystalline basement and calcite-cemented sandstone make up the less than 9% of the substrate in the study area. Crystalline bedrock was present from 0 to 30 m water depth, whereas the calcite-cemented sandstones were encountered in water less than 5 m deep. The spatial organization of rocky substrates is interpreted to be controlled by basin structure and lake level history; these habitats make ideal targets for establishing new small-scale protected areas. The techniques illustrated in this study are broadly applicable elsewhere in Lake Tanganyika, and to other large lakes where data needs for placing conservation reserves are lacking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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46. Integrating Life Cycle and Impact Assessments to Map Food's Cumulative Environmental Footprint

Author

Kuempel, Caitlin D., Frazier, Melanie, Nash, Kirsty L., Jacobsen, Nis Sand, Williams, David R., Blanchard, Julia L., Cottrell, Richard S., McIntyre, Peter B., Moran, Daniel, Bouwman, Lex, Froehlich, Halley E., Gephart, Jessica A., Metian, Marc, Többen, Johannes, and Halpern, Benjamin S.

Abstract

Feeding a growing, increasingly affluent population while limiting environmental pressures of food production is a central challenge for society. Understanding the location and magnitude of food production is key to addressing this challenge because pressures vary substantially across food production types. Applying data and models from life cycle assessment with the methodologies for mapping cumulative environmental impacts of human activities (hereafter cumulative impact mapping) provides a powerful approach to spatially map the cumulative environmental pressure of food production in a way that is consistent and comprehensive across food types. However, these methodologies have yet to be combined. By synthesizing life cycle assessment and cumulative impact mapping methodologies, we provide guidance for comprehensively and cumulatively mapping the environmental pressures (e.g., greenhouse gas emissions, spatial occupancy, and freshwater use) associated with food production systems. This spatial approach enables quantification of current and potential future environmental pressures, which is needed for decision makers to create more sustainable food policies and practices.

Published
2020
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47. Whole-Cell Pertussis Vaccination and Decreased Risk of IgE-Mediated Food Allergy: A Nested Case-Control Study

Author

Estcourt, Marie J., Campbell, Dianne E., Gold, Michael S., Richmond, Peter, Allen, Katrina J., Quinn, Helen E., Marsh, Julie A., Peters, Rachel L., Valerio, Carolina, Dai, Danyi, Waddington, Claire S., Wood, Nicholas J., McIntyre, Peter B., Holt, Patrick G., and Snelling, Thomas L.

Abstract

Rates of food allergy have increased markedly in Australia and other high- income countries in recent years. On the basis of ecological observations, and the known immunologic characteristics of whole-cell pertussis (wP) compared with acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines, we hypothesized that wP vaccination in infancy protects against the development of food allergy.

Published
2020
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48. Varicella vaccine effectiveness over 10 years in Australia; moderate protection from 1-dose program.

Author

Quinn, Helen E., Gidding, Heather F., Marshall, Helen S., Booy, Robert, Elliott, Elizabeth J., Richmond, Peter, Crawford, Nigel, McIntyre, Peter B., Macartney, Kristine K., and PAEDS (Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance) Network

Abstract

Objectives: To examine the impact of Australia's single dose infant varicella vaccination program, we assessed single dose varicella vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing hospitalised disease using two methods.Methods: Clinically confirmed varicella cases from the Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance (PAEDS) sentinel network were age-matched to 20 controls obtained from the Australian Immunisation Register. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate VE and compared with estimates obtained using our second approach.Results: There were 78 hospitalised varicella cases during the post vaccine introduction period from January 2008 to December 2015, who were eligible for funded varicella vaccination. Median age at onset was 4.5 years and more than half (59%) were vaccinated. The majority of children received one vaccine brand (Varilrix, GSK). The estimated case-control VE for one dose of vaccine against hospitalised varicella was 64.7% (95% CI: 43.3-78.0%); estimates using the screening method were not significantly different. Exclusion of children who were immunocompromised did not significantly alter VE estimates.Conclusions: Although Australia's program has impacted on the burden of varicella disease, single dose VE against varicella hospitalisation is only moderate. Greater reductions in varicella disease could potentially be achieved by incorporation of a second vaccine dose into the program to minimise breakthrough disease and interrupt virus circulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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