1. Nutritional Intake in Elite Cross-Country Skiers During Two Days of Training and Competition.
- Author
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Carr, Amelia, McGawley, Kerry, Govus, Andrew, Andersson, Erik P., Shannon, Oliver M., Mattsson, Stig, and Melin, Anna
- Subjects
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CROSS-country skiing , *DEHYDRATION , *DRINKING (Physiology) , *CARBOHYDRATE content of food , *HYDRATION , *INGESTION , *SPECIFIC gravity , *SPRINTING , *NUTRITIONAL requirements , *DIETARY proteins , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *WOMEN athletes , *SPORTS events , *PHYSICAL training & conditioning , *ELITE athletes , *MALE athletes ,MALNUTRITION risk factors - Abstract
This study investigated the energy, macronutrient, and fluid intakes, as well as hydration status (urine specific gravity), in elite cross-country skiers during a typical day of training (Day 1) and a sprint skiing competition the following day (Day 2). A total of 31 (18 males and 13 females) national team skiers recorded their food and fluid intakes and urine specific gravity was measured on Days 1 and 2. In addition, the females completed the Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire to assess their risk of long-term energy deficiency. Energy intake for males was 65 ± 9 kcal/kg on Day 1 versus 58 ± 9 kcal/kg on Day 2 (p =.002) and for females was 57 ± 10 on Day 1 versus 55 ± 5 kcal/kg on Day 2 (p =.445). Carbohydrate intake recommendations of 10–12 g·kg−1·day−1 were not met by 89% of males and 92% of females. All males and females had a protein intake above the recommended 1.2–2.0 g/kg on both days and a postexercise protein intake above the recommended 0.3 g/kg. Of the females, 31% were classified as being at risk of long-term energy deficiency. In the morning of Day 1, 50% of males and 46% of females were dehydrated; on Day 2, this was the case for 56% of males and 38% of females. In conclusion, these data suggest that elite cross-country skiers ingested more protein and less carbohydrate than recommended and one third of the females were considered at risk of long-term energy deficiency. Furthermore, many of the athletes were dehydrated prior to training and competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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