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Introduction In order to survive, create a competitive advantage, increase efficiency, achieve organizational goals, organizations need human resource planning within the human resource management system. Manpower in organizations is considered as human capital and the most important infrastructure and is the main source of competitive advantage, creativity, innovation, productivity, effectiveness and development and transformation and for reasons such as scarcity, irreplaceability and imitation and process impact on other variables and Extra-organizational is the most valuable and strategic asset of the organization. The main purpose of this study was to provide a model for reducing manpower planning inadequacies in the Social Security Organization. Methodology This research is mixed in terms of applied purpose, in terms of nature, exploratory and based on the method of data collection. The participants of the quality section were 24 experts who were selected by purposive sampling. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews and the data were analyzed using content analysis method. The validity and reliability of the data were assessed through aptitude test. In the quantitative part, the statistical population was the employees of the organization's resources area, and the sample size was determined according to Morgan's table of 364 people and was selected by a simple random method. In the quantitative part, the data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and was analyzed in two stages of fuzzy Delphi survey. Cronbach's alpha was estimated to be 783% and Demitel method was used to fit the extracted pattern. The statistical population at this stage was the resource staff of the Social Security Organization, which was determined using Morgan's table of 364 people and the sample was selected by simple random sampling. Results and Discussion The organization's human resource planning system faces 19 main problems, which are the indicators of lack of proper planning model, improper implementation of human resource planning, lack of monitoring, control and feedback (performance evaluation - effectiveness), human resource planning, lack of adequate support. Human resource planning, lack of prioritization of the organization's human resource planning, short-term view and elimination of the task of planning were among the most important problems and shortcomings of the organization's human resource planning system. The results show that the extractive components of the research model are community-approved. Also, 14 factors affecting the problems of the human resource planning system were identified, including factors such as managerial instability; Rental and political selection of managers; The desire to maintain the status quo; Lack of specialized and efficient planning managers; Changes in government, political, cultural, economic, and technological laws were among the most important factors influencing the problems of the organization's human resource planning system. Finally, 14 strategies were identified to overcome the problems of the human resource planning system, which are solutions to design an appropriate HR planning model; Understand and support senior planning management; Integrated human resource planning system; Managerial stability and non-political appointments; Improving, implementing and properly implementing the monitoring and performance evaluation system were among the most important solutions to overcome the problems of the human resources planning system of the Social Security Organization. The Social Security Organization can do the necessary planning to reduce the problems of the human resource planning system by identifying the shortcomings, the factors affecting it and the solutions presented in this study. Conclusion The research results show that the extracted components of the research model are approved by the society. The social security organization can do the necessary planning to reduce its human resources planning problems by considering the identified problems, the factors affecting them and the solutions presented in this research. The human resource planning system of the Social Security Organization, as one of the factors for the survival and prosperity of the organization, has a key role in achieving its goals and the findings of this study provide operational implications in improving the organizational performance of the Social Security Organization. The Social Security Organization can do the necessary planning to reduce the problems of its human resource planning system by considering the identified problems, the factors affecting it and the solutions presented in this research. The findings indicated that the organization's human resources planning system is facing 19 main problems, which are indicators of the lack of a suitable planning model, inappropriate implementation of human resources planning, lack of supervision, control and feedback of human resources planning, etc. among the most important failures of the organization's human resources planning.

Abstract The aim of this research is to present a model for the development of the tourism industry with an emphasis on the role of media management using a mixed approach. A mixed (qualitative-quantitative) approach has been used in this research. The statistical sample in the qualitative part included 15 professors and specialists and experts in communication, media and tourism: and in the quantitative part of the research, it included 200 managers and senior tourism experts in Mazandaran. In the first step of the research, the coding of the specialized research interviews was done using the qualitative analysis of the theme with MAXQDA v10.R150410 software. In the next step, the results of confirmatory factor analysis with Smart PLS software are presented. Then, the existing categories were leveled with the structural-interpretive method with MicMac software and the initial research model was designed. Based on the results obtained in this research, advertising, service quality, policy making, participation of local people, tourism culture, proper use of the environment, income generation in tourism destination and infrastructure facilities were identified as the main components that have an impact on the tourism industry. The results of the quantitative part of the research showed that the proposed model has a good fit and credibility for the impact of mass media on the development of the tourism industry. Extended Abstract Introduction Undoubtedly, tourism is one of the most prosperous service industries worldwide. Tourism is vital to the economic success of many countries around the world. Over the past two decades, some countries have been able to achieve very high incomes despite the shortage of natural resources by investing in the tourism industry (Qiu et al., 2020). There are numerous benefits of tourism in host destinations. Tourism increases economic income, creates thousands of jobs, develops a country's infrastructure, and creates a sense of cultural exchange between foreigners and citizens. The number of jobs created by tourism in many different regions is significant. These jobs are not only part of the tourism industry, but may also include the agricultural, communication, health, and educational sectors. Many tourists travel to experience the culture, different traditions, and cuisine of the host destination. This is very profitable for local restaurants, shopping centers, and shops. For instance, in Melbourne, Australia, with a population of about 4 million, approximately 22,000 citizens are employed only in the tourism sector (Fjelldal et al., 2022). With the recognition of the economic importance of tourism, many governments and tourism companies have started extensive advertising campaigns to brand their destinations and attract tourists. As a result, there is now intense competition among tourism organizations (as well as different governments) to introduce domestic tourism destinations and attract as many tourists as possible. Therefore, marketing has essentially become a key component for success in the tourism industry (Yung et al., 2021). Considering these marketing efforts, marketing is essentially a type of messaging to customers (both potential and existing). The important role of the media in introducing tourism destinations and creating a destination brand can be understood (Alsalami & Al-Zaman, 2021). Although the use of media, including radio and television advertising, billboards, and more, has a very long history in the tourism industry, the advent of technology-based media has caused a great transformation in tourism advertising. Information is a vital lifeline for the tourism industry; therefore, effective use of information technology and modern mass media is crucial for competitive advantage and success. As a result, many companies involved in the tourism industry have chosen to use modern media as their most important marketing and customer interaction tool (van Nuenen & Scarles, 2021). Therefore, there is a need for research that focuses on providing a native approach to developing a model for the tourism industry with an emphasis on the role of media management. The main issue of this study is the neglect of the capacity of media as a key tool for successful tourism marketing within the country. In this study, a model for the development of the tourism industry with an emphasis on the role of media management using a mixed approach is presented. This research seeks to find an answer to the question of what components make up a model for developing the tourism industry based on media management. Theoretical framework Tourism is the act and process of spending time away from home in pursuit of leisure, relaxation, and enjoyment while also utilizing commercial services. Thus, tourism is a product of modern social arrangements that began in Western Europe in the 17th century, although it has roots in classical antiquity. Tourism differs from exploration in that tourists follow a "well-established path," utilize established supply systems, and, as befits pleasure-seekers, are generally immune to difficulty, danger, and embarrassment (Rasulov, Madjitova & Islomova, 2022). However, tourism overlaps with other activities, interests, and processes, such as pilgrimage, for example. This has led to the creation of common categories such as "business tourism," "sports tourism," and "medical tourism" (international travel for the purpose of receiving medical care) (Palacios-Florencio, Santos-Roldán, Berbel-Pineda & Castillo-Canalejo, 2021). In the past few decades, the trend of tourism has grown significantly worldwide, as the concept of travel has changed in people's lives. In the past, traveling was often a cumbersome and sometimes frustrating experience that required constant planning. However, today, thanks to technology and changes in lifestyle, this concept has become an incredibly enjoyable and effortless experience. People travel for business, holidays, leisure, adventure, or even medical treatments. These issues have led to the emergence of a booming tourism industry, with successful countries earning substantial incomes from this sector (Zhu, Airey & Siriphon, 2021). Tourism marketing is a term used to refer to the commercial field that attracts visitors to a particular location, which can be a state, a city, a specific heritage site or tourist destination, a hotel, or a convention center. The location can be anything that has the potential to attract tourism, as people visit a new place for tourism purposes. Tourism marketing is often associated with marketing strategies in the tourism industry. Nowadays, many countries in the world have a significant role for tourism in increasing their gross domestic product (GDP), making tourism marketing an essential factor. Many places are often tourist hotspots, such as the Taj Mahal in India, and are now the best areas to strengthen tourism marketing. Places that are likely to be the main attraction for tourists are the places where tourism marketing has the most significant impact. Currently, tourism marketing is all about using multiple marketing techniques and strategies to enhance the tourism industry of a particular place (Liu, et.al, 2022). Research methodology The present study is aimed at the field of developmental research, and in terms of approach, it falls under exploratory studies. Based on the type of data, this research is categorized as a mixed-methods study (qualitative-quantitative). In the qualitative stage, the sample included 15 professors, experts, and specialists in communication, media, and tourism at universities in Mazandaran. The sample size is determined based on theoretical saturation. Given the research topic and objectives, a semi-structured interview method was used to collect data. In the quantitative stage, the statistical population included managers and senior experts in tourism throughout Mazandaran province (N=412), from which a sample of 200 people was selected. To determine the validity and reliability of the interviews, the retest and inter-coder agreement methods were used. In this research, the content analysis method was used to analyze qualitative data. In the next stage, the results of confirmatory factor analysis are presented. Then, the existing issues are classified using the structural-interpretive method, and the initial model of the research is designed. Finally, the partial least squares method is used for model validation. Qualitative analysis was performed using MAXQDA software, structural-interpretive analysis using MicMac software, and partial least squares method using Smart PLS software. Research findings Given that the retest reliability rate is 85%, which is higher than 60%, the coding reliability is acceptable. Additionally, considering that the intercoder reliability rate is 79%, which is also higher than 60%, the coding reliability is acceptable. Based on the results of the qualitative data analysis; advertising, service quality, policy-making, local community participation, tourism culture, appropriate environmental management, tourism income generation, and infrastructural facilities were identified as the main components that impact the tourism industry. The results of the quantitative section showed that the proposed model has a good fit and validity for the impact of mass media on the development of the tourism industry. Conclusion Numerous research studies have been conducted on the components and indicators of media management in the tourism industry, with an emphasis on media management perspectives. However, there are still various concepts and different measures for these perspectives that need to be investigated and standardized to achieve a comprehensive view. Generally, the most important components include advertising, service quality, policy-making, participation of local people, tourism culture, proper environmental management, income generation at the tourist destination, and infrastructure facilities. In conclusion, media has a significant role in creating a platform for the expansion or recession of activities related to this sector, given its capabilities. By careful and controlled planning, media can shape the thoughts and behaviors of a community and expand their desired perspectives. Today, through modern forms and audience-friendly media, they are the largest and most effective tool for producing concepts, social relations, and cultural messages in societies. Radio, television, newspapers, the internet, and modern media are indirect communication tools that have the power to influence, apply taste, and shape mentality. Media and its quantitative and qualitative advances are leading recent movements in all dimensions of life and development of communication. Visualization, needs assessment, persuasion, awareness, effective communication, and the use of new technologies in the field of media have placed many countries among the top tourist destinations in the world. With the development of communication technologies and the formulation of work and safety laws, tourism has reached such a position in the current global conditions that one cannot ignore its countless benefits.

Abstract Background Esophageal adenocarcinoma is a lethal disease. For locally advanced patients, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery is the standard of care. Risk stratification relies heavily on clinicopathologic features, particularly pathologic response, which is inadequate, therefore establishing the need for new and reliable biomarkers for risk stratification. Methods Thirty four patients with locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma were analyzed, of which 21 received a CROSS regimen with carboplatin, paclitaxel, and radiation. Capture-based targeted sequencing was performed on the paired baseline and post-treatment samples. Differentially mutated gene analysis between responders and non-responders of treatment was performed to determine predictors of response. A univariate Cox proportional hazard regression was used to examine associations between gene mutation status and overall survival. Results A 3-gene signature, based on mutations in EPHA5, BCL6, and ERBB2, was identified that robustly predicts response to the CROSS regimen. For this model, sensitivity was 84.6% and specificity was 100%. Independently, a 9 gene signature was created using APC, MAP3K6, ETS1, CSF3R, PDGFRB, GATA2, ARID1A, PML, and FGF6, which significantly stratifies patients into risk categories, prognosticating for improved relapse-free (p = 4.73E-03) and overall survival (p = 3.325E-06). The sensitivity for this model was 73.33% and the specificity was 94.74%. Conclusion We have identified a 3-gene signature (EPHA5, BCL6, and ERBB2) that is predictive of response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and a separate prognostic 9-gene classifier that predicts survival outcomes. These panels provide significant potential for personalized management of locally advanced esophageal cancer.

Abstract Trust attitude is a social personality trait linked with the estimation of others’ trustworthiness. Trusting others, however, can have substantial negative effects on mental health, such as the development of depression. Despite significant progress in understanding the neurobiology of trust, whether the neuroanatomy of trust is linked with depression vulnerability remains unknown. To investigate a link between the neuroanatomy of trust and depression vulnerability, we assessed trust and depressive symptoms and employed neuroimaging to acquire brain structure data of healthy participants. A high depressive symptom score was used as an indicator of depression vulnerability. The neuroanatomical results observed with the healthy sample were validated in a sample of clinically diagnosed depressive patients. We found significantly higher depressive symptoms among low trusters than among high trusters. Neuroanatomically, low trusters and depressive patients showed similar volume reduction in brain regions implicated in social cognition, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), dorsomedial PFC, posterior cingulate, precuneus, and angular gyrus. Furthermore, the reduced volume of the DLPFC and precuneus mediated the relationship between trust and depressive symptoms. These findings contribute to understanding social- and neural-markers of depression vulnerability and may inform the development of social interventions to prevent pathological depression.

Objectives: Today, automotive industries have turned to scientific achievements to apply organizational knowledge but facing shortcomings in the process, among which we can point out the lack of attention to the work experience and skills of experienced people. In the current changing and uncertain conditions, the Ministry of Industry, Mine, and Trade (MIMT) must expand its tangible and intangible resources and organizational knowledge so that it can respond to environmental changes. Therefore, they can achieve macro and long-term goals if they have a written strategic plan. The current research aims to present a strategy model for the implementation of the policies of MIMT in the automotive industry based on infrastructure factors and knowledge capabilities. The automobile industry has always been a factor of economic growth in the world economy and has taken a significant part of the added value of many advanced and emerging countries.Methods: The population was automotive industry managers with expertise in knowledge management and executive managers. Using targeted snowball sampling, 20 people were considered as samples. Data was collected using a semi-structured interview tool. Based on empirical observation and library studies, the strategic model of policy implementation was identified. 72 criteria were divided into 24 categories and finally 6 core codes of the database model, and finally, a qualitative model was presented using the database model.Results: Results show that the automotive industry, as a mother industry with a medium level of technology, is considered one of the drivers of the country's industry, mining, and trade sector and is among the priority and selected industries in the production and trade sector in order to achieve the goals. It is included in the country's vision document. According to the executive policies determined in this industry, especially the policies of focusing on the quality and reducing the finished price of the products, along with the increase in production and also the improvement of the business environment for direct foreign investments and joint ventures with companies with world-renowned brands. It seems that the automotive industry of the country can present its products in the selection basket of buyers at the international level.Conclusions: The automotive industry has a significant role in Iran's economy due to its wide connection with other industries, high production, and employment generation. Therefore, it is very essential to improve policy-making and strategizing in this industry. The characteristics of knowledge and learning bring a new strategy creation methodology. The automotive industry can identify the application of knowledge in the implementation of organizational policy as a factor of superiority in the competitive market.

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to present a change management model in the automotive industry based on general industry policies in the fourth-generation industrial revolution.Method: To achieve this goal, first the effective factors and indicators affecting change management are identified based on the data model of the foundation and then these factors and indicators are categorized. Given that the purpose of this research is exploratory, the use of the grounded theory research method and semi-structured interviews with experts and professors led to the development of research model criteria.Findings: Based on the interviews and previous studies, the factors affecting the management of change in internal and external categories have been identified. Finally, change management strategies have been identified in three components: selecting acceptable managers, using consultants and expert staff, and creating a sense of empathy and trust.Conclusion: The use of expert managers and appropriate leaders causes change management to be implemented productively. Ultimately, these strategies result in increased survival under the components of greater brand acceptance and profitability. Change management strategies have been identified in three components: selecting acceptable managers, using consultants and expert staff, and creating a sense of empathy and trust. Changes are more about the individual's feelings than emotions and are technical, and associating them with change is the most difficult stage of change

Abstract Aim The current study aimed to assess and compare the level of knowledge and attitude towards mental illness between secondary school students and their teachers in Oman. Methods An online survey was carried out to collect data from 400 students and 411 teachers about their knowledge and attitudes toward people with mental illness. Two independent case studies about depression and schizophrenia were also tested. Results Students have a poor knowledge of mental illness compared with their teachers, as more than half scored less than 60% compared with 16.5% of the teachers. More than two-thirds of the students (80%) and teachers (76.4%) have a low or minor positive attitude toward people with mental illness. The study identified significant differences in knowledge in favour of teachers, although the opposite was found regarding attitudes. Conclusions Since students spend a significant amount of time in school, bridging the gap between teachers' and students’ knowledge and attitudes toward mental illness is an essential part in enhancing the knowledge and attitudes of the students. In addition, knowledgeable teachers with positive attitude can assist in early identification of mental illnesses and help students when needed. In turn, students who possess knowledge and positive attitude toward mental illness can share their concerns with their teachers. In the presence of such accepting and cooperative environment, the stigma can be decreased and early detection of mental illness and help-seeking behaviour can be promoted.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is a policy-making model of the Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade (MIMT) based on digital transformation is presented.Method: The study is an applied-developmental study in terms of purpose and cross-sectional survey research. A semi-structured interview and Likert scale questionnaire were used to collect data. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability. The statistical population includes experts in the automotive industry until the theoretical saturation was reached and 15 experts participated. Using Cochran's formula for indeterminate populations, 365 people were calculated as a sample and cluster sampling method. To analyze the data, the grounded theory analysis method was used to identify the research indicators, and to validate and present the final model, the structural equation modeling method and LISREL software were used.Findings: it can be acknowledged that before deciding to transform processes and enter the digital arena, it is necessary to assess the readiness of the organization as well as its human resources to accept this changeConclusion: the implementation of the automotive industry policy for digital transformation will make the Ministry of Industry, Mine, and Trade the digital leader in the automotive industry.

BackgroundThe main objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial therapy knowledge, attitudes, and practices of primary care physicians in the West Bank and Gaza.MethodsBetween January and April 2021, this cross-sectional survey was conducted. A link to the online survey was sent via confidential email lists to 336 primary care physicians who treated patients in Ministry of Health clinics. The survey questions scoring system was devised in order to evaluate the physicians’ practice, knowledge, and attitudes. Our scoring system identified favorable (good) and unfavorable (average and poor) antibiotic practices. In addition to independent t-test, the Chi-square test was used to compare the two groups of physicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices with their background characteristics. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify potential confounding variables having significant relationships.ResultsOf the 336 distributed questionnaires, 316 were completed, with a response rate of 94%. More than half (54.7%) were males, half (51.6%) were between 30 and 45 years of age, and most were general practitioners (74.1%). The overall good knowledge and attitude scores were 125 (39.6%) and 194 (61.4%), respectively. More than half (58.2%) had good antibiotic prescription practices. Females reported significantly more favorable practices than males, as did family medicine specialists compared with general practitioners. Finally, knowledge about antibiotic prescriptions had a substantial impact on changing their practices. However, physicians’ attitudes toward antibiotic prescriptions did not have a significant role in shaping their practices.ConclusionOveruse of antibiotics is a significant health issue in Palestine and worldwide. Most physicians know that improper antibiotic usage can cause antimicrobial resistance. More than two-thirds avoided needless antimicrobial prescriptions. In practicing antimicrobial stewardship, most prescribed fewer antibiotics and did not prescribe because of patient pressure. Family medicine specialists, female doctors, and those with high knowledge scores regardless of caseload were more likely to have good practices.

BackgroundCombined immune deficiencies (CIDs) with associated or syndromic features are a highly heterogeneous subgroup of inherited immune disorders. These patients represent specific clinical complications with an increased risk of autoimmune conditions.MethodsWe analyzed data of monogenic patients with syndromic CIDs adopted from the Iranian inborn errors of immunity registry up to January 2022. A comprehensive comparison in terms of demographic, clinical, and immunological features was performed between patients with and without autoimmunity and also among four mutation groups with the most registered cases including ATM, STAT3 (AD-LOF), DNMT3B/ZBTB24, and WAS mutations.ResultsA total of 137 patients with monogenic syndromic CIDs were included. Most commonly mutated genes were the ATM [80 (58.4%)] and STAT3 (AD-LOF) [19 (13.9%)], followed by DNMT3B [11 (8%)], and WAS [11 (8%)]. More than 18% of all patients with syndromic CIDs, including most DNMT3B/ZBTB24 mutations patients, were clinically diagnosed with antibody deficiencies before genetic evaluation. Patients with ATM and WAS mutations had the latest age of onset and the lowest age of diagnosis, respectively. Autoimmune disorders were diagnosed in 24 patients at a median age of 3.5 (2.6-6.0) years, 70.6% of which were diagnosed prior to the diagnosis of immunodeficiency. Lymphoproliferation, particularly hepatosplenomegaly, was significantly higher in patients with autoimmunity (p=0.004). Syndromic CID patients with autoimmunity had significantly lower IgG levels. Hematologic autoimmunity mainly immune thrombocytopenic purpura was the most frequent autoimmunity among major groups of ATM, STAT3 (AD-LOF), DNMT3B/ZBTB24, and WAS mutations, however ATM-mutated patients present more diversified involved organs including rheumatologic, gastrointestinal and dermatologic autoimmunity.ConclusionAbout 18% of patients with monogenic syndromic CIDs developed autoimmunity, mainly in the form of hematological immune diseases. Autoimmunity could be an early-onset involvement with a potential diagnostic impact on suspicious cases of syndromic CIDs.

IntroductionImaging is integral part of cervical cancer management. Currently, MRI is used for staging, follow up and image guided adaptive brachytherapy. The ongoing IQ-EMBRACE sub-study is evaluating the use of MRI for functional imaging to aid in the assessment of hypoxia, metabolism, hemodynamics and tissue structure. This study reviews the current and potential future utilization of functional MRI imaging in diagnosis and management of cervical cancer.MethodsWe searched PubMed for articles characterizing the uses of functional MRI (fMRI) for cervical cancer. The current literature regarding these techniques in diagnosis and outcomes for cervical cancer were then reviewed.ResultsThe most used fMRI techniques identified for use in cervical cancer include diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE). DCE-MRI indirectly reflects tumor perfusion and hypoxia. This has been utilized to either characterize a functional risk volume of tumor with low perfusion or to characterize at-risk tumor voxels by analyzing signal intensity both pre-treatment and during treatment. DCE imaging in these situations has been associated with local control and disease-free survival and may have predictive/prognostic significance, however this has not yet been clinically validated. DWI allows for creation of ADC maps, that assists with diagnosis of local malignancy or nodal disease with high sensitivity and specificity. DWI findings have also been correlated with local control and overall survival in patients with an incomplete response after definitive chemoradiotherapy and thus may assist with post-treatment follow up. Other imaging techniques used in some instances are MR-spectroscopy and perfusion weighted imaging. T2-weighted imaging remains the standard technique used for diagnosis and radiation treatment planning. In many instances, it is unclear what additional information functional-MRI techniques provide compared to standard MRI imaging.ConclusionsFunctional MRI provides potential for improved diagnosis, prediction of treatment response and prognostication in cervical cancer. Specific sequences such as DCE, DWI and ADC need to be validated in a large prospective setting prior to widespread use. The ongoing IQ-EMBRACE study will provide important clinical information regarding these imaging modalities.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by menstrual irregularities, chronic anovulation, hirsutism, androgenic alopecia, and acne. At diagnosis, patients can with different manifestations according to the disease phenotype, patient’s age, and lifestyle. However, most patients pursue medical care because of the clinical symptoms of PCOS, such as hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularities and infertility. Recent studies have shown that PCOS is associated with 80% of anovulatory infertility; however, the precise mechanism of PCOS-induced anovulation is still undetermined. The treatment strategies of PCOS are symptomatic depending mainly on the desired goals and clinical benefits. Life style intervention is still the first line treatment option for overweight females seeking pregnancy. In addition, there are many pharmacological agents that could be added to induce ovulation such as metformin, and clomiphene citrate. Nowadays, many patients preferred to use some herbal medicine that was proved to have potential therapeutic benefits in many studies in the management of PCOS. The purpose of this review was to discuss PCOS-induced infertility and the available therapeutic options as well as the impact of COVID-19 infection on the success of fertility attempts. To address this purpose, Pubmed, Scopus, EMBASE and Google databases were searched for studies discussing PCOS-induced infertility. The literature search revealed the proper therapeutic plans to treat PCOS-induced infertility, and that treatment should be modified according to patient’s complaints, reproductive desires, and disease phenotypes. In conclusion, the use of specific therapeutic agents and patients’ adherence to lifestyle interventions could help patients recover their reproductive and metabolic health.

Abstract Background Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major cause of maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidities. Our objective was to estimate the effect of both pre-pregnancy and gestational DM on the growth parameters of newborns in the Qatari population. Methods In this population-based cohort study, we compared the data of neonates born to Qatari women with both pre-pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus in 2017 with neonates of healthy non-diabetic Qatari women. Results Out of a total of 17020 live births in 2017, 5195 newborns were born to Qatari women. Of these, 1260 were born to women with GDM, 152 were born to women with pre-pregnancy DM and 3783 neonates were born to healthy non-diabetic (control) women. The prevalence of GDM in the Qatari population in 2017 was 24.25%. HbA1C% before delivery was significantly higher in women with pre-pregnancy DM (mean 6.19 ± 1.15) compared to those with GDM (mean 5.28 ± 0.43) (P 4000 gm) was observed in 2.7% of the control group compared to 4.8% in infants born to women with GDM, and 4.6% in infants born to women with pre-pregnancy DM (P= 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that higher maternal age (adjusted OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.93, 2.52, P

Purpose: Micropropagation of GF677 rootstock, the most widely clonal rootstock used in peach orchards, is an important method for large-scale production of disease-free plants. In this research, effects of media, plant growth regulators and carbohydrates in order to optimize the efficient micropropagation protocol of GF677 rootstock has been investigated. Research method: In vitro shoots were multiplicated on MS, WPM and DKW media supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1, 2 mg L-1 BA. Proliferated shoots were rooted on MS, WPM and DKW media containing 0, 0.5, 1, 2 mg L-1 IBA. In another experiment, the effect of carbohydrate type was investigated. Findings: High shoot number and node number as well as shoot fresh weight were achieved with shoot tips when cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1 or 2 mg L-1 BA. The highest percentage of rooted shoots was obtained on MS or WPM media supplemented with 1 or 2 mg L-1 IBA. Maximum root number was regenerated on WPM medium containing 1 mg L-1 IBA. Sorbitol was found to be more effective carbon source on shoot multiplication than sucrose, while the highest average of root number and root length were observed in the medium containing sorbitol and sucrose medium, respectively. Survival rate during the acclimatization in the greenhouse was 67%. Limitations: Plant acclimatization needs to be studied for commercial production. Originality/Value: This protocol has proven useful for micropropagation of GF677 rootstock.

The concept of clean environment is one of the most important and significant macro principles in the policy of the whole country. This is especially important among countries with large oil and gas capital (which is one of the major polluters of the environment). Because today, the human and economic costs of achieving a sustainable environment are estimated at billions of dollars. Due to its oil and gas industry, Iran is one of the countries that pays special attention to the environment and pollutants from its activities and has always sought to design and apply various models and models to reduce oil and gas pollutants. In this article, the authors have devoted their efforts to designing an environmental model of sustainable development in the Iranian gas industry. The combined research method is based on mixed exploratory research (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population of the present article is based on 1080 people and using the snowball method to achieve theoretical saturation with 25 experts, in-depth interviews were conducted and in a quantitative part, to measure the model, a researcher-made questionnaire by cluster sampling method Relative was distributed among 285 samples. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by face and content method and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method. Data were analyzed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis with SPSS and AMOS software. The results of the qualitative section indicate that the environmental model of sustainable development has 15 dimensions in terms of causal conditions (1. service mission, 2. safety and health requirements, 3. social responsibility), underlying conditions (4. education and learning, 5 Culture building, 6. Attitudes and knowledge of managers), intervention conditions (7. Contractors, 8. Technical facilities and equipment, 9. Technology and technical operations), strategy (10. Medium and long-term policies of the Ministry of Energy, 11. Supervision and Continuous evaluation of project progress is 12. Customer Consumption Management Programs, 13. Residual Pollution Management Programs) and Outcome (14. Improving the Environmental Performance of the Gas Company and 15. Moving Towards Sustainable Development). The results of the quantitative section showed that all dimensions of the research paradigm model were confirmed.

Background. The use of high-sensitivity troponin (hs-cTnI) assays is recommended in current guidelines for managing patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms. However, point-of-care (POC) assays are frequently used in emergency departments (EDs) to reduce turnaround time and length of stay. This study aimed to compare the results of POC-cTnI testing with those of the gold standard, automated central laboratory testing of troponin (i.e., hs-cTnI). The primary and secondary outcomes were the diagnostic performance of POC-cTnI in diagnosing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during 30 days, respectively. Materials and Methods. In this diagnostic accuracy study, 136 patients with suspected ACS who were referred or admitted to the Al Zahra Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, were included between March (2020) and July (2020). For the diagnosis of AMI, central laboratory cTnI levels were assessed at the time of presentation (0 hour) and reassessed at least 3 hours later. The POC-cTnI was measured at 0 hour in all patients and at 3 hours if a patient was diagnosed with AMI but had a 0-hour negative result for the POC-cTnI assay. Additionally, the 30-day follow-up period for these participants began on the day of the initial presentation to assess MACE. Results. Out of 180 patients, 136 patients (median age of 59.5 years; 57.5% male) were left for the qualitative POC-cTnI and hs-cTnI assays. In 86 (63.24%) subjects, hs-cTnI was positive (either initial or serial); however, AMI was diagnosed in 85 patients according to positivity of troponin by hs-cTnI and clinical signs and symptoms, which were diagnosed by a cardiologist. The sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value of 0-hour POC-cTnI were observed to be 91.76% (95% CI: 83.77–96.62%), 98.04% (95% CI: 89.55–99.95%), and 87.72% (95% CI: 77.82–93.56%), respectively. Moreover, considering both the 0-hour and 3-hour POC-cTnI, all AMI cases were correctly identified, yielding a perfect test performance result. None of the 50 patients with negative cTnI results (by 0-hour and 3-hour POC-cTnI and hs-cTnI) experienced at least one MACE. Conclusion. In this small sample-size study, a new qualitative POC-cTnI assay was statistically equal to a hs-cTnI assay in terms of diagnostic accuracy for AMI or MACE in patients with suspected myocardial infarction. The POC-cTnI was observed to be acceptable for the identification of AMI and prediction of MACE in the ED environment.