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Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi descrever e analisar fatores associados à violência sexual (VS) entre estudantes do ensino fundamental no Brasil. Analisaram-se dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) em 2015. Calculou-se a prevalência de VS total e desagregada segundo variáveis sociodemográficas, contexto familiar, saúde mental, comportamentos de risco, segurança e prática de atividade física. Estimaram-se as razões de chances (Odds Ratios – OR) de sofrer VS segundo variáveis associadas estatisticamente (p < 0,05) por meio de análise multivariada. A prevalência de VS foi de 4,0%. A VS entre escolares esteve associada a características como idade < 13 anos, sexo feminino, cor da pele preta, trabalhar, ser agredido por familiares, ter insônia, sentir-se solitário, não possuir amigos, consumir tabaco/álcool regularmente, ter experimentado drogas, ter iniciado atividade sexual, sentir-se inseguro na escola ou no trajeto escola-casa, ter sofrido bullying. Estudar em escola privada, possuir mãe com escolaridade de nível superior, morar com os pais e ter supervisão de familiares foram fatores protetores em relação à VS. Foi possível identificar vulnerabilidades dos estudantes frente à VS, o que pode apoiar pesquisadores, profissionais e famílias na prevenção deste tipo de violência.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal da prevalência de indicadores relacionados à condução de veículos motorizados após o consumo de bebida alcoólica, na população em geral e entre motoristas. Métodos: Estudo de tendência temporal de indicadores relacionados à condução de veículos motorizados após o consumo de bebida alcoólica, entre 2007 e 2018, com base nas informações do sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel). A população foi constituída de adultos (≥ 18 anos) residentes nas capitais brasileiras com telefone fixo. A análise de tendência foi realizada pela regressão linear. Resultados: Entre 2007 e 2018 houve redução do indicador “condução de veículo após consumo abusivo de bebida alcóolica pela população” de 2 para 0,7% (p < 0,001). Esse consumo, quando calculado apenas entre motoristas, reduziu de 3,5 em 2011 para 1,6 em 2018 (p < 0,003). A condução de veículo por motoristas após consumo de qualquer quantidade de bebida alcóolica apresentou elevadas prevalências, variando de 15,7% (2011) para 11,4% (2018). As prevalências em todos indicadores foram mais elevadas entre homens, adultos mais jovens (18 a 34 anos) e com maior escolaridade. Conclusão: A prática do consumo abusivo de bebida alcóolica e direção reduziu no Brasil, entretanto a prática de dirigir após o consumo de qualquer quantidade de álcool ainda continua elevada. Portanto, torna-se necessário manter as medidas regulatórias de fiscalização de álcool e direção, visando à redução dos acidentes de trânsito. ABSTRACT: Objective: To analyze the temporal trend of indicators related to motor vehicle driving after alcohol consumption, in the general population and among drivers. Methods: Temporal trend study of indicators related to driving motorized vehicles after alcohol consumption, between 2007 and 2018, based on information from Vigitel. The population consisted of adults (≥ 18 years old) living in Brazilian capitals with a landline. Trend analysis was performed by linear regression. Results: Between 2007 and 2018, there was a reduction in the indicator “driving a vehicle after alcohol abuse by the population” from 2.0% to 0.7% (p < 0.001). This consumption when calculated only among drivers decreased from 3.5 in 2011 to 1.6 in 2018 (p < 0.003). Driving a vehicle by drivers after consuming any amount of alcohol had high prevalences, ranging from 15.7% (2011) to 11.4% (2018). Prevalence in all indicators was higher among men, younger adults (18 to 34 years) and with higher education. Conclusion: The practice of alcohol abuse and driving reduced in Brazil, however, driving after drinking any amount of alcohol still remains high. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain regulatory measures to control alcohol and driving in order to reduce traffic accidents.

To analyze the temporal trend of indicators related to motor vehicle driving after alcohol consumption, in the general population and among drivers.Temporal trend study of indicators related to driving motorized vehicles after alcohol consumption, between 2007 and 2018, based on information from Vigitel. The population consisted of adults (≥ 18 years old) living in Brazilian capitals with a landline. Trend analysis was performed by linear regression.Between 2007 and 2018, there was a reduction in the indicator "driving a vehicle after alcohol abuse by the population" from 2.0% to 0.7% (p0.001). This consumption when calculated only among drivers decreased from 3.5 in 2011 to 1.6 in 2018 (p0.003). Driving a vehicle by drivers after consuming any amount of alcohol had high prevalences, ranging from 15.7% (2011) to 11.4% (2018). Prevalence in all indicators was higher among men, younger adults (18 to 34 years) and with higher education.The practice of alcohol abuse and driving reduced in Brazil, however, driving after drinking any amount of alcohol still remains high. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain regulatory measures to control alcohol and driving in order to reduce traffic accidents.

Resumo O estudo analisou a prevalência de sofrer bullying e fatores associados em escolares brasileiros. Trata-se de análise da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) 2015 em amostra nacional com 102.301 alunos do 9º ano. Foi calculada a prevalência de sofrer bullying e foi feita inicialmente análise bivariada com estimativas de razões de chance (OR) e IC95% para estimar as associações entre vitimização e variáveis sociodemográficas, contexto familiar, violência familiar, saúde mental e comportamentos de risco. Posteriormente, procedeu-se ao modelo de regressão logística múltipla, inserindo as variáveis de interesse com (p < 0,20). No modelo final ajustado (ORa) permaneceram variáveis com p < 0,05. A prevalência de bullying foi de 7,4%. A análise multivariada mostrou que quem tem maior chance de sofrer bullying são os escolares do sexo masculino, com 13 anos, da escola pública, filhos de mães sem escolaridade, que trabalham, com relato de solidão, sem amigos, com insônia; que sofreram agressão física dos familiares, faltaram as aulas sem avisar aos pais, usaram tabaco. Predominaram vítimas de 13 anos, com contexto social e familiar desfavorável, mostrando cenário de vulnerabilidades, demandando apoio de redes de proteção social, escolar e famíliar. Abstract This study analyzed the prevalence of bullying and associated factors among Brazilian schoolchildren using data produced by the 2015 National School Health Survey (PeNSE, acronym in Portuguese) consisting of a national sample of 102,301 eighth grade students. The prevalence of bullying was calculated and bivariate analysis was performed using a 95% confidence level to determine the association between victimization and socio-demographic variables and other variables relating to family background, mental health, and risk behaviors. Multivariate analysis was then conducted using the biologically plausible variables of interest. For the final model, variables that obtained p-values of < 0.05 were maintained. The prevalence of bullying was found to be 7.4%. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that boys aged 13 years studying in public schools who worked and whose mother did not have any schooling were more likely to be bullied, as were schoolchildren who felt lonely, had no friends, suffered from insomnia, skipped lessons without parental permission, and who smoked. Victims of bullying were predominantly 13-year-olds from an unfavorable social and family background, painting a picture of vulnerability that calls for support from social protection networks, schools and families alike .

RESUMO: Introdução: O estudo objetivou comparar a tendência de bullying nas capitais brasileiras, considerando as edições da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) 2009, 2012 e 2015, e descrever na amostra de 2015 a prevalência do bullying por sexo, idade e dependência administrativa da escola. Metodologia: Foram comparadas as prevalências de sofrer bullying e seus intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%), por cada capital e total de capitais. Foram considerados os IC95% para verificar a ocorrência de diferenças no período. Na última edição, foram analisadas duas amostras: a amostra 1 representa os alunos do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental e a amostra 2, alunos de 13 a 17 anos, estudantes do 6º ao 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental e do 1º ao 3º ano do Ensino Médio. Resultados: O relato de sofrer bullying entre os alunos do 9º ano das capitais brasileiras aumentou de 5,4% (IC95% 5,1 - 5,7), em 2009, para 7,2% (IC95% 6,6 - 7,8), em 2012, e 7,4% (IC95% 7,1 - 7,7), em 2015. Uma análise descritiva do Brasil apontou variação do problema com a idade e que adolescentes de 13 anos sofreram mais bullying que alunos de 14 a 16 anos. Meninos em geral relatam mais esse problema que as meninas, bem como alunos da escola pública, embora com sobreposição dos IC. Discussão: O estudo apontou aumento de 37% da prevalência de sofrer bullying entre 2009 e 2015 nas capitais brasileiras. Conclusão: Reitera-se do estudo que o contexto escolar brasileiro continua sendo um espaço de reprodução da violência, tornando-se urgente avançar na perspectiva de prevenção e minimização das situações de bullying na escola, fundamentada no conceito de promoção da saúde e integralidade do cuidado. ABSTRACT: Introduction: The purpose of this paper was to compare the tendency of bullying across Brazilian capitals, considering the editions of National Scholl Health Survey (PeNSE) 2009, 2012 and 2015, and to describe the prevalence of bullying by sex, age and administrative dependence of the school in the 2015 sample. Methodology: The prevalence of bullying and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were assessed per State capital and for all capitals. 95%CI was used to check for differences in the period. In the last edition, two samples were analyzed: sample 1 represents the students of the 9th year of Elementary School and sample 2 holds students from 13 to 17 years of age, from the 6th to 9th grade of Elementary and High Schools. Results: The report of suffering bullying by 9th graders in Brazilian capitals increased from 5.4% (95%CI 5.1 - 5.7), in 2009, to 7.2% (95%CI 6.6 - 7.8), in 2012, staying at 7.4% (95%CI 7.1 - 7.7) in 2015. Descriptive analysis for Brazil showed variation by age, as adolescents aged 13 years suffered more bullying than those aged 14, 15 and 16 years. Boys usually report more this problem than girls, as well as public school students, but with overlapping CI. Discussion: The study pointed 37% increase in the prevalence of bullying between 2009 and 2015 in Brazilian capitals by. Conclusion: This study reiterates that Brazilian schools are still a space for violence reproduction, which makes it urgent to make progress in prevention and minimization of bullying at schools based on the concept of health promotion and integral care.

Resumo O artigo tem por objetivo descrever as lesões no trânsito segundo características demográficas, utilização de equipamentos de proteção, uso de serviços de saúde, limitação de atividades e incapacidades. Estimou-se o percentual de envolvimento em acidentes de trânsito com lesões, o de uso de equipamentos de proteção, o uso de serviços saúde, limitação de atividades habituais, incapacidades e sequelas, segundo escolaridade, raça-cor, sexo, idade e região de residência. O uso de cinto de segurança na população adulta foi de 79,4% e 50,2%, nos bancos da frente e de trás, respectivamente; o de uso do capacete entre os condutores e passageiros de motocicleta foi respectivamente de 83,4 e 80,1. Equipamentos de segurança são menos usados nas regiões Norte e Nordeste e na zona rural. Relataram acidente de trânsito no último mês 3,1%, sendo maior no sexo masculino 4,5%, nas pessoas de escolaridade de nível fundamental completo e médio completo, adulto jovem e de raça-cor parda. Entre os acidentados receberam algum tipo de assistência de saúde devido a este acidente 52,4% foram internados, 7,7% relataram ter tido limitação de atividades habituais, incapacidades e sequelas decorrente de acidente de trânsito 14,1%. Os acidentes de trânsito são elevados no país. Abstract The article aims to describe the injuries in traffic according to demographic characteristics, use of protective equipment, use of health services, activity limitations and disabilities. The percentage involvement in traffic accidents with injuries, the percentage of use of protective equipment, use of health services, limitation of daily activities, disability and sequelae, according to educational level, race, color, sex, age and region of residence it estimated.The use of safety belt in the adult population was 79.4%and 50.2% in the front seats and back, respectively; the helmet use among motorcycle drivers and passengers were respectively 83.4 and 80.1. Safety equipment are less used in the North and Northeast and in the countryside. Reported car accident last month 3.1%, being higher in males 4.5%, the people of complete primary schooling and School graduate, young adult and the brown race-color. Among the injured received some form of health care due to this accident 52.4%, were admitted 7.7%. They reported having had limitation of daily activities, disabilities and consequences arising from traffic accidents 14.1%. Car accidents are high in the country.

Resumo O estudo analisa os avanços e desafios da implementação da Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde (PNPS) quanto às suas agendas prioritárias e aponta aspectos críticos para sua sustentabilidade em tempos de crises. Estudo de revisão narrativa, abrangendo estudos publicados e documentação institucional. A PNPS foi aprovada em 2006 e revisada em 2014 e destaca a importância dos condicionantes e determinantes sociais da saúde no processo saúde-doença e tem como pressupostos a intersetorialidade e a criação de redes de corresponsabilidade que buscam a melhoria da qualidade de vida. Foram descritos avanços nas prioridades destacadas na PNPS, em programas e ações de enfrentamento ao uso do tabaco e seus derivados; alimentação adequada e saudável; práticas corporais e atividades físicas; promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável; o enfrentamento do uso abusivo de álcool e outras drogas; a promoção da mobilidade segura e sustentável; e a promoção da cultura da paz e de direitos humanos. Entretanto, os avanços da PNPS apresentados podem estar seriamente ameaçados frente à grave crise política, econômica e institucional que abateu o país, em especial os cortes orçamentários para os próximos 20 anos, com a Emenda Constitucional 95, desenhando um cenário futuro de muitas incertezas. Abstract This article examines progress made towards the implementation of the core priorities laid out in the National Health Promotion Policy (PNPS, acronym in Portuguese) and current challenges, highlighting aspects that are essential to ensuring the sustainability of this policy in times of crisis. It consists of a narrative review drawing on published research and official government documents. The PNPS was approved in 2006 and revised in 2014 and emphasizes the importance of social determinants of health and the adoption of an intersectoral approach to health promotion based on shared responsibility networks aimed at improving quality of life. Progress has been made across all core priorities: tackling the use of tobacco and its derivatives; tackling alcohol and other drug abuse; promoting safe and sustainable mobility; adequate and healthy food; physical activity; promoting a culture of peace and human rights; and promoting sustainable development. However, this progress is seriously threatened by the grave political, economic and institutional crisis that plagues the country, notably budget cuts and a spending cap that limits public spending for the next 20 years imposed by Constitutional Amendment Nº 95, painting a future full of uncertainties.

This article reflects on the evolution of the theme of violence within the field of public health. It provides an overview of the strategies and actions developed within Brazil's Unified Health System developed in response to the country's main guiding policy on violence, the National Policy for the Reduction of Morbidity and Mortality due to Accidents and Violence, drawing on baseline documents, national and international research, data from the country's main violence information systems, and the firsthand experiences of the authors from their participation in the abovementioned actions. Violence against children and adolescents, women, and older persons have assumed a prominent position on the health agenda, while other forms of violence, such as child labor, human trafficking, homophobic and racial violence, and violence against street dwellers and people with disabilities, who are deprived of their liberty, are gradually finding their way onto the agenda. Despite undeniable progress in institutionalizing the theme, there is a need for greater investment in various areas including out-of-hospital emergency, rehabilitation, and mental health services. It is also necessary to incorporate the theme into the training and development of all of healthcare professionals and intensify continuing training to enhance capacity for detecting and reporting violence and delivering adequate care to victims.Realiza-se uma reflexão sobre o percurso histórico de inserção do tema da violência no campo da saúde pública. Busca-se oferecer um panorama das estratégias e ações implementadas no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde, tomando como norte a Política Nacional de Redução da Morbimortalidade por Acidentes e Violência, além de documentos, estudos e artigos, dados dos principais sistemas de informação e a participação das autoras em muitas das ações mencionadas. Os temas da violência contra crianças e adolescentes, contra a mulher, contra a pessoa idosa tiveram prioridade na agenda de saúde. Outros como: prevenção do trabalho infantil, do tráfico de pessoas, da violência homofóbica, racial, contra a população de rua e portadoras de deficiências, população privada de liberdade foram sendo aos poucos incluídos na pauta. A despeito de grandes avanços inegáveis na institucionalização do tema, observa-se a necessidade de mais investimento quanto aos serviços pré-hospitalares, de reabilitação e de saúde mental, por exemplo. É preciso também incluir a violência que impacta a saúde como tema na formação em todas as carreiras da área do setor saúde e na formação continuada, pois sem pessoas bem preparadas para implementá-lo, esse tema sempre será um estranho à racionalidade biomédica.

This article examines progress made towards the implementation of the core priorities laid out in the National Health Promotion Policy (PNPS, acronym in Portuguese) and current challenges, highlighting aspects that are essential to ensuring the sustainability of this policy in times of crisis. It consists of a narrative review drawing on published research and official government documents. The PNPS was approved in 2006 and revised in 2014 and emphasizes the importance of social determinants of health and the adoption of an intersectoral approach to health promotion based on shared responsibility networks aimed at improving quality of life. Progress has been made across all core priorities: tackling the use of tobacco and its derivatives; tackling alcohol and other drug abuse; promoting safe and sustainable mobility; adequate and healthy food; physical activity; promoting a culture of peace and human rights; and promoting sustainable development. However, this progress is seriously threatened by the grave political, economic and institutional crisis that plagues the country, notably budget cuts and a spending cap that limits public spending for the next 20 years imposed by Constitutional Amendment Nº 95, painting a future full of uncertainties.O estudo analisa os avanços e desafios da implementação da Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde (PNPS) quanto às suas agendas prioritárias e aponta aspectos críticos para sua sustentabilidade em tempos de crises. Estudo de revisão narrativa, abrangendo estudos publicados e documentação institucional. A PNPS foi aprovada em 2006 e revisada em 2014 e destaca a importância dos condicionantes e determinantes sociais da saúde no processo saúde-doença e tem como pressupostos a intersetorialidade e a criação de redes de corresponsabilidade que buscam a melhoria da qualidade de vida. Foram descritos avanços nas prioridades destacadas na PNPS, em programas e ações de enfrentamento ao uso do tabaco e seus derivados; alimentação adequada e saudável; práticas corporais e atividades físicas; promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável; o enfrentamento do uso abusivo de álcool e outras drogas; a promoção da mobilidade segura e sustentável; e a promoção da cultura da paz e de direitos humanos. Entretanto, os avanços da PNPS apresentados podem estar seriamente ameaçados frente à grave crise política, econômica e institucional que abateu o país, em especial os cortes orçamentários para os próximos 20 anos, com a Emenda Constitucional 95, desenhando um cenário futuro de muitas incertezas.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Descrever a implantação do Sistema de Vigilância de Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) no Sistema Único de Saúde e os desafios colocados para sua sustentabilidade. Métodos: Foram feitas revisão de literatura e consultas às informações contidas em portarias do governo federal entre 2003 e 2015. Resultados: Foi implantado um sistema de vigilância de fatores de risco (FR) e proteção integrado, capaz de produzir informações e fornecer evidências para monitorar mudanças nos comportamentos de saúde da população. Dentre os avanços, foram citados a organização dos inquéritos epidemiológicos, como o Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para DCNT (Vigitel), a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE), e a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS), em 2013, que possibilitou o mais amplo diagnóstico de saúde da população brasileira. Em 2011, o Plano de Enfrentamento de DCNT 2011 - 2022 estabeleceu metas para redução de FR e mortalidade por DCNT. Conclusão: A produção de informações do Sistema de Vigilância de DCNT pode apoiar a implementação de estratégias setoriais e intersetoriais, que resultem no apoio à execução do Plano de Ações Estratégicas para o Enfrentamento das DCNT, bem como monitorar e avaliar os resultados periodicamente. Constitui ferramenta relevante para o alcance das metas e dos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e do Plano Global de Enfrentamento das DCNT. ABSTRACT: Objective: To describe the implantation of the Surveillance System for Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) in the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde) and the challenges in maintaining it. Methods: A literature review was carried out the information contained in federal government directives between 2003 and 2015 was consulted. Results: A comprehensive risk and protection factor surveillance system was implemented. It is capable of producing information and providing evidence to monitor changes in the health behavior of the population. Among the advances cited are the organization of epidemiological surveys, such as the Surveillance System for Risk Factors and Protection for NCD (Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para DCNT - Vigitel), the National School Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar - PeNSE), and the National Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saude) from 2013, which enabled the most extensive health diagnosis of the Brazilian population. In 2011, the NCD National Plan 2011-2022 established targets for reducing risk factors and NCD mortality. Conclusion: The information gathered from the NCD surveillance system can support the implementation of sectoral and intersectorial strategies, which will result in the implementation of the Brazilian Strategic Action Plan for the prevention and control of NCDs, as well as the monitoring and evaluation of their results periodically. Finally, it can be a very important tool to help Brazil achieve the goals proposed by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Global Plan to Tackling NCDs.

Work-related injuries, often classified as occupational injuries (OI), stand out among visits due to external causes (accidents and violence) in health services. To describe the characteristics and factors associated with emergency room visits for OI, a cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Survey of Violence and Injuries in Emergency Services (VIVA Inquérito 2011) in 24 state capitals and the Federal District. The prevalence of treatment for OI and prevalence ratios (PR) with confidence intervals of 95% (95%CI) were calculated. There were 29,463 emergency room visits due to accidental injuries in the population above 18 years of age. The prevalence of OI was 33.4% and was positively and significantly associated with the male gender, age 30-59 years old, industrial workers, agricultural sector or repair and maintenance services. The occurrence of OI was significantly higher in attendance for objects falling on people (PR = 3.37, 95% CI 2.80 to 4.05) and injuries due to perforating object (PR = 3.01, 95% CI 2.50-3.65). The results support the surveillance of external causes and direct public policies to promote occupational health. Lesões relacionadas ao trabalho, geralmente classificadas como acidentes de trabalho (AT), destacam-se dentre atendimentos por causas externas (acidentes e violência) nos serviços de saúde. Para descrever as características e os fatores associados aos atendimentos de emergência por AT, realizou-se estudo transversal com dados do Inquérito de Violências e Acidentes em Serviços de Emergência (VIVA Inquérito 2011), em 24 capitais e no Distrito Federal. Estimaram-se prevalências de atendimentos por AT e razões de prevalência (RP) com respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Foram incluídos 29.463 atendimentos de emergência por causas acidentais na população a partir de 18 anos de idade. A prevalência de AT foi de 33,4% e apresentou associação positiva e significante com sexo masculino, faixa etária de 30 a 59 anos, ser trabalhador de indústrias, setor agropecuário ou serviços de reparação e manutenção. A ocorrência de AT foi significativamente maior nos atendimentos por queda de objeto sobre pessoa (RP = 3,37; IC95% 2,80-4,05) e ferimento por objeto perfurocortante (RP = 3,01; IC95% 2,50-3,65). Os resultados podem subsidiar a vigilância de causas externas e direcionar políticas públicas voltadas para a promoção da saúde do trabalhador.

Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi descrever a tendência de indicadores de tabagismo em adultos nas capitais brasileiras. Utilizou-se regressão linear simples para analisar a tendência do tabagismo segundo dados do inquérito telefônico VIGITEL, entre 2006-2014. A prevalência de fumantes no Brasil caiu 0,645p.p. por ano no período, variando de 15,6% (2006) a 10,8% (2014). Houve redução por sexo, escolaridade, grandes regiões, e na maioria das faixas etárias. A prevalência de ex-fumantes passou de 22,2% (2006) para 21,2% (2014), fumo de 20 cigarros ou mais por dia de 4,6% (2006) para 3% (2014). Fumo passivo no domicílio reduziu 0,614p.p. ao ano, desde 2009, sendo de 9,4% em 2014. Fumo passivo no trabalho reduziu 0,54p.p. ao ano, chegando a 8,9% em 2014. A tendência da prevalência de fumantes é declinante, para ambos os sexos, níveis de escolaridade e grandes regiões, em quase todas as faixas etárias. Isso aponta que a meta global de redução de 30% do tabagismo até 2025 tem potencial para ser alcançada, refletindo importantes ações de controle desse fator de risco no país. Resumen: El objetivo del estudio fue describir la tendencia de indicadores de tabaquismo en adultos dentro de las capitales brasileñas. Se utilizó una regresión lineal simple para analizar la tendencia del tabaquismo, según datos de la encuesta telefónica VIGITEL, entre 2006-2014. La prevalencia de fumadores en Brasil cayó 0,645p.p. por año durante el período, variando de un 15,6% (2006) a un 10,8% (2014). Hubo una reducción por sexo, escolaridad, grandes regiones, y en la mayoría de las franjas de edad. La prevalencia de ex-fumadores pasó de 22,2% (2006) a 21,2% (2014), el consumo de 20 cigarrillos o más al día de un 4,6% (2006) a un 3% (2014). Los fumadores pasivos en el domicilio se redujeron 0,614p.p. al año, desde 2009, siendo de un 9,4% en 2014. Los fumadores pasivos en el trabajo se redujeron un 0,54p.p. al año, llegando a un 8,9% en 2014. La tendencia de la prevalencia de fumadores esa la baja, para ambos sexos, los niveles de escolaridad y grandes regiones, en casi todas las franjas de edad. Esto apunta a que la meta global de reducción de un 30% del tabaquismo hasta 2025 tiene potencial para ser alcanzada, reflejando importantes acciones de control de ese factor de riesgo en el país. Abstract: The goal of this study was to describe the trend of tobacco-use indicators for adults in Brazilian state capitals. Simple linear regression was used to analyze tobacco-use trends according to data from telephone survey VIGITEL between 2006 and 2014. The prevalence of smokers in Brazil dropped 0.645p.p. per year this period, from 15.6% (2006) to 10.8% (2014). There was a decrease per sex, schooling, major regions, and in most age groups. The prevalence of former smokers dropped from 22.2% (2006) to 21.2% (2014); smoking 20 cigarettes or more per day went from 4.6% (2006) to 3% (2014). Passive smoking at home dropped 0.614p.p. per year since 2009, and was 9.4% in 2014. Passive smoking at the workplace decreased 0.54p.p. a year, reaching 8.9% in 2014. The prevalence trend of smokers is declining for sexes, schooling, and major regions in almost all age groups. This indicates that the global target of 30% reduction in tobacco use until 2025 is possible to be reached, reflecting the effectiveness of control actions for this risk factor in Brazil.

Resumo No estudo descrevem-se as características demográficas, os tipos de violência praticada contra as crianças, os agressores envolvidos, os locais de ocorrência, além de se estimar a associação entre as variáveis. Foram analisados dados do inquérito Vigilância de Violências e Acidentes, em serviços sentinelas de urgência em 2014, com 404 crianças da amostra, utilizando-se a análise de correspondência, que consiste em análise exploratória, visando identificar variáveis associadas ao desfecho violência contra a criança. Essa se mostrou associada com sexo masculino e o tipo de violência mais frequente foi negligência/abandono, seguida da violência física e sexual. Os agressores mais frequentes foram pai/mãe, praticando violência contra crianças de 0 a 1 e 2 a 5 anos, seguidos de agressores conhecidos/amigos que praticaram violência contra crianças de 6 a 9 anos. O local de ocorrência mais frequente foi o domicílio. Na escola, as vítimas foram predominantemente crianças de 6 a 9 anos e, nas vias públicas, os meninos. A negligência foi mais frequente entre 0 a 1 ano e 2 a 5 anos, enquanto a violência física ocorreu entre 6 a 9 anos. Conclui-se que a violência é praticada contra crianças muito vulneráveis, sendo os autores mais frequentes pais e conhecidos. Abstract This study explored the association between demographic characteristics (age and sex) and other variables related to violence committed against children (form of violence perpetrator, place of occurrence, and nature of injury) using a sample of 404 children taken from the 2014 Violence and Accident Surveillance System (Sistema de Vigilância de Violências e Acidentes, VIVA) survey. Correspondence analysis was used to identify variables associated with the outcome violence against children. Victims were predominantly male. The most common form of violence was neglect/abandonment, followed by physical violence and sexual violence. The most common perpetrators were parents (ages zero to one and two to five years), followed by friends (ages six to nine years). The most common place of occurrence was the home. Notable levels of violence were observed at school, particularly among children aged between six and nine years. Neglect was most common in the age group zero to one year and two to five years, while physical violence was most common between children aged between six and nine years.

Resumo A violência contra a mulher constitui um importante problema de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo. O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever o perfil de mortalidade por agressão em mulheres e analisar se as vítimas de violência notificadas apresentam taxas de mortalidade por esse motivo mais elevadas do que a população feminina geral. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo da mortalidade por agressão em mulheres, a partir do linkage de bancos de dados. Os dados utilizados para o linkage foram todas as notificações de violência contra mulheres registradas no SINAN (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação) no período de 2011 a 2015 e os óbitos de mulheres por agressão registrados no SIM (Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade), no período de 2011 a 2016. O risco de morte por agressão nas mulheres notificadas por violência foi maior do que na população feminina geral, revelando assim uma situação de vulnerabilidade. Mulheres negras, de menor escolaridade foram as principais vítimas de violência e homicídios. O elevado número de mulheres mortas por agressão e a violência de repetição revelaram a fragilidade das redes de atenção e proteção no atendimento integral, qualificado e oportuno às vítimas. Abstract Violence against women is an important public health problem in Brazil and in the world. The objective of the present study was to describe the profile of mortality due to aggression against women, and analyze whether the victims of reported violence are more likely to die from aggression than the general female population. This is a descriptive study of mortality due to aggression against women, from database linkage. The databases used for linkage were SINAN Brazil’s Notifiable Diseases Information System (reports of violence against women) (2011 – 2015), and SIM, the Mortality Information System (women dying as a result of aggression) (2011 – 2016). The risk of death due to aggression among women previously reporting violence is higher than in the general female population, thus revealing a situation of vulnerability. Black women with lower schooling are the main victims of violence and homicides. The large number of women killed by aggression and repeated violence reveal the fragility of the care and protection networks in providing comprehensive, qualified and timely care for victims.

OBJECTIVE To assess whether sex, education level, and health insurance affect the use of health services among the adult Brazilian population with chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCD). METHODS Data from a cross-sectional survey were analyzed, the National Health Survey (PNS). Frequency of use of services in the population that referred at least one NCD were compared with the frequency from a population that did not report NCD, according to sex, education level, health insurance, and NCD number (1, 2, 3, 4, or more). The prevalence and prevalence ratios were calculated crude and adjusted for sex, age, region, and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The presence of a noncommunicable disease was associated with increase in hospitalizations in the last 12 months, in 1.7 times (95%CI 1.53–1.9). Failing to perform usual activities in the last two weeks for health reasons was 3.1 times higher in NCD carriers (95%CI 2.78–3.46); while the prevalence of medical consultation in the last 12 months was 1.26 times higher (95%CI 1.24–1.28). NCD carriers make more use of health services, as well as women, people with higher number of comorbidities, with health insurance, and higher education level. CONCLUSIONS NCD carriers make more use of health services, as well as women, people with higher number of comorbidities, with health insurance, and higher education level. RESUMO OBJETIVO Analisar se sexo, escolaridade e posse de plano de saúde influenciam a utilização de serviços de saúde entre a população adulta brasileira portadora de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT). MÉTODOS Foram analisados dados de inquérito transversal, a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS). Foram comparadas as frequências de uso de serviços na população que referiu pelo menos uma DCNT, com aquelas que não relatam DCNT, segundo sexo, escolaridade, posse de plano de saúde e número de DCNT (1, 2, 3, 4 ou mais). Foram calculadas as prevalências e razões de prevalência (RP) brutas e ajustadas por sexo, idade e região e respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS A presença de doença crônica associou-se ao aumento de internação nos últimos 12 meses, em 1,7 vezes (IC95% 1,53–1,9). Deixar de realizar atividades habituais nas duas últimas semanas por motivo de saúde foi 3,1 vezes maior em portadores de DCNT (IC95% 2,78–3,46), e a prevalência de consulta médica nos últimos 12 meses foi 1,26 vezes maior (IC95% 1,24–1,28). Portadores de DCNT utilizam mais os serviços de saúde, assim como as mulheres, pessoas com maior número de DCNT, com planos de saúde e elevada escolaridade. CONCLUSÕES Portadores de DCNT têm maior utilização de serviços de saúde, assim como as mulheres, pessoas com maior número de comorbidades, com planos de saúde e elevada escolaridade.

The objective of this study was to describe and analyze factors associated with sexual violence (SV) among primary school students in Brazil. Data from the National School Health Survey (PeNSE in Portuguese) in 2015 was analyzed. The prevalence of total and disaggregated SV was calculated according to variables such as sociodemographic data, family context, mental health, risk behaviors, safety, and physical activity. The Odds Ratios of suffering SV were estimated according to variables that were statistically associated (p0.05) by means of multivariate analysis. The prevalence of SV was 4.0%. SV among school-age adolescents was associated with characteristics such as: age of13 years old; female; black skin color; working; being assaulted by family members; having insomnia; feeling lonely; not having friends; consuming tobacco / alcohol regularly; having tried drugs; having started sexual activity; feeling insecure on the way to or at school; and having suffered bullying. Studying in a private school, having a mother with higher education, living with parents, and supervision by relatives were protective factors to SV. It was possible to identify students' vulnerabilities to SV, which can support researchers, professionals, and families in the prevention of this type of violence.O objetivo do estudo foi descrever e analisar fatores associados à violência sexual (VS) entre estudantes do ensino fundamental no Brasil. Analisaram-se dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) em 2015. Calculou-se a prevalência de VS total e desagregada segundo variáveis sociodemográficas, contexto familiar, saúde mental, comportamentos de risco, segurança e prática de atividade física. Estimaram-se as razões de chances (Odds Ratios – OR) de sofrer VS segundo variáveis associadas estatisticamente (p0,05) por meio de análise multivariada. A prevalência de VS foi de 4,0%. A VS entre escolares esteve associada a características como idade13 anos, sexo feminino, cor da pele preta, trabalhar, ser agredido por familiares, ter insônia, sentir-se solitário, não possuir amigos, consumir tabaco/álcool regularmente, ter experimentado drogas, ter iniciado atividade sexual, sentir-se inseguro na escola ou no trajeto escola-casa, ter sofrido bullying. Estudar em escola privada, possuir mãe com escolaridade de nível superior, morar com os pais e ter supervisão de familiares foram fatores protetores em relação à VS. Foi possível identificar vulnerabilidades dos estudantes frente à VS, o que pode apoiar pesquisadores, profissionais e famílias na prevenção deste tipo de violência.

The purpose of this paper was to compare the tendency of bullying across Brazilian capitals, considering the editions of National Scholl Health Survey (PeNSE) 2009, 2012 and 2015, and to describe the prevalence of bullying by sex, age and administrative dependence of the school in the 2015 sample.The prevalence of bullying and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were assessed per State capital and for all capitals. 95%CI was used to check for differences in the period. In the last edition, two samples were analyzed: sample 1 represents the students of the 9th year of Elementary School and sample 2 holds students from 13 to 17 years of age, from the 6th to 9th grade of Elementary and High Schools.The report of suffering bullying by 9th graders in Brazilian capitals increased from 5.4% (95%CI 5.1 - 5.7), in 2009, to 7.2% (95%CI 6.6 - 7.8), in 2012, staying at 7.4% (95%CI 7.1 - 7.7) in 2015. Descriptive analysis for Brazil showed variation by age, as adolescents aged 13 years suffered more bullying than those aged 14, 15 and 16 years. Boys usually report more this problem than girls, as well as public school students, but with overlapping CI.The study pointed 37% increase in the prevalence of bullying between 2009 and 2015 in Brazilian capitals by.This study reiterates that Brazilian schools are still a space for violence reproduction, which makes it urgent to make progress in prevention and minimization of bullying at schools based on the concept of health promotion and integral care.O estudo objetivou comparar a tendência de bullying nas capitais brasileiras, considerando as edições da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) 2009, 2012 e 2015, e descrever na amostra de 2015 a prevalência do bullying por sexo, idade e dependência administrativa da escola.Foram comparadas as prevalências de sofrer bullying e seus intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%), por cada capital e total de capitais. Foram considerados os IC95% para verificar a ocorrência de diferenças no período. Na última edição, foram analisadas duas amostras: a amostra 1 representa os alunos do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental e a amostra 2, alunos de 13 a 17 anos, estudantes do 6º ao 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental e do 1º ao 3º ano do Ensino Médio.O relato de sofrer bullying entre os alunos do 9º ano das capitais brasileiras aumentou de 5,4% (IC95% 5,1 - 5,7), em 2009, para 7,2% (IC95% 6,6 - 7,8), em 2012, e 7,4% (IC95% 7,1 - 7,7), em 2015. Uma análise descritiva do Brasil apontou variação do problema com a idade e que adolescentes de 13 anos sofreram mais bullying que alunos de 14 a 16 anos. Meninos em geral relatam mais esse problema que as meninas, bem como alunos da escola pública, embora com sobreposição dos IC.O estudo apontou aumento de 37% da prevalência de sofrer bullying entre 2009 e 2015 nas capitais brasileiras.Reitera-se do estudo que o contexto escolar brasileiro continua sendo um espaço de reprodução da violência, tornando-se urgente avançar na perspectiva de prevenção e minimização das situações de bullying na escola, fundamentada no conceito de promoção da saúde e integralidade do cuidado.

This study analyzed the prevalence of bullying and associated factors among Brazilian schoolchildren using data produced by the 2015 National School Health Survey (PeNSE, acronym in Portuguese) consisting of a national sample of 102,301 eighth grade students. The prevalence of bullying was calculated and bivariate analysis was performed using a 95% confidence level to determine the association between victimization and socio-demographic variables and other variables relating to family background, mental health, and risk behaviors. Multivariate analysis was then conducted using the biologically plausible variables of interest. For the final model, variables that obtained p-values of0.05 were maintained. The prevalence of bullying was found to be 7.4%. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that boys aged 13 years studying in public schools who worked and whose mother did not have any schooling were more likely to be bullied, as were schoolchildren who felt lonely, had no friends, suffered from insomnia, skipped lessons without parental permission, and who smoked. Victims of bullying were predominantly 13-year-olds from an unfavorable social and family background, painting a picture of vulnerability that calls for support from social protection networks, schools and families alike .O estudo analisou a prevalência de sofrer bullying e fatores associados em escolares brasileiros. Trata-se de análise da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) 2015 em amostra nacional com 102.301 alunos do 9º ano. Foi calculada a prevalência de sofrer bullying e foi feita inicialmente análise bivariada com estimativas de razões de chance (OR) e IC95% para estimar as associações entre vitimização e variáveis sociodemográficas, contexto familiar, violência familiar, saúde mental e comportamentos de risco. Posteriormente, procedeu-se ao modelo de regressão logística múltipla, inserindo as variáveis de interesse com (p0,20). No modelo final ajustado (ORa) permaneceram variáveis com p0,05. A prevalência de bullying foi de 7,4%. A análise multivariada mostrou que quem tem maior chance de sofrer bullying são os escolares do sexo masculino, com 13 anos, da escola pública, filhos de mães sem escolaridade, que trabalham, com relato de solidão, sem amigos, com insônia; que sofreram agressão física dos familiares, faltaram as aulas sem avisar aos pais, usaram tabaco. Predominaram vítimas de 13 anos, com contexto social e familiar desfavorável, mostrando cenário de vulnerabilidades, demandando apoio de redes de proteção social, escolar e famíliar.

To analyze mortality and years of life lost due to death or disability (disability-adjusted life years - DALYs) for interpersonal violence and self-harm, comparing 1990 and 2015, in Brazil and Federated Units, using estimates produced by the Global Burden of Disease 2015 (GBD 2015).Secondary data analysis of estimates from the GBD 2015, producing standardized death rates and years of life lost due to death or disability. The main source of death data was the Mortality Information System, submitted to correction of underreporting of deaths and redistribution of garbage codes.From 1990 to 2015, homicide mortality rates were stable, with a percentage variation of -0.9%, from 28.3/100 thousand inhabitants (95% UI 26.9-32.1) in 1990 to 27.8/100,000 (95% UI 24.3-29.8) in 2015. Homicide rates were higher in Alagoas and Pernambuco, and there was a reduction in São Paulo (-40.9%). Suicide rates decreased by 19%, from 8.1/100,000 (95% UI 7.5-8.6) in 1990 to 6.6/100,000 (95% UI 6.1-7,9) in 2015. Higher rates were found in Rio Grande do Sul. In the ranking of external causes for years of life lost due to death or disability (DALYs), firearm aggression predominated, followed by transportation accidents; self-inflicted injuries were in sixth place.The study shows the importance of external causes among young people and men as a cause of premature death and disabilities, which is a priority problem in the country. The Global Burden of Disease study may support public policies for violence prevention.

To describe the implantation of the Surveillance System for Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) in the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde) and the challenges in maintaining it.A literature review was carried out the information contained in federal government directives between 2003 and 2015 was consulted.A comprehensive risk and protection factor surveillance system was implemented. It is capable of producing information and providing evidence to monitor changes in the health behavior of the population. Among the advances cited are the organization of epidemiological surveys, such as the Surveillance System for Risk Factors and Protection for NCD (Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para DCNT - Vigitel), the National School Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar - PeNSE), and the National Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saude) from 2013, which enabled the most extensive health diagnosis of the Brazilian population. In 2011, the NCD National Plan 2011-2022 established targets for reducing risk factors and NCD mortality.The information gathered from the NCD surveillance system can support the implementation of sectoral and intersectorial strategies, which will result in the implementation of the Brazilian Strategic Action Plan for the prevention and control of NCDs, as well as the monitoring and evaluation of their results periodically. Finally, it can be a very important tool to help Brazil achieve the goals proposed by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Global Plan to Tackling NCDs.Descrever a implantação do Sistema de Vigilância de Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) no Sistema Único de Saúde e os desafios colocados para sua sustentabilidade.Foram feitas revisão de literatura e consultas às informações contidas em portarias do governo federal entre 2003 e 2015.Foi implantado um sistema de vigilância de fatores de risco (FR) e proteção integrado, capaz de produzir informações e fornecer evidências para monitorar mudanças nos comportamentos de saúde da população. Dentre os avanços, foram citados a organização dos inquéritos epidemiológicos, como o Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para DCNT (Vigitel), a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE), e a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS), em 2013, que possibilitou o mais amplo diagnóstico de saúde da população brasileira. Em 2011, o Plano de Enfrentamento de DCNT 2011 - 2022 estabeleceu metas para redução de FR e mortalidade por DCNT.A produção de informações do Sistema de Vigilância de DCNT pode apoiar a implementação de estratégias setoriais e intersetoriais, que resultem no apoio à execução do Plano de Ações Estratégicas para o Enfrentamento das DCNT, bem como monitorar e avaliar os resultados periodicamente. Constitui ferramenta relevante para o alcance das metas e dos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e do Plano Global de Enfrentamento das DCNT.

This study explored the association between demographic characteristics (age and sex) and other variables related to violence committed against children (form of violence perpetrator, place of occurrence, and nature of injury) using a sample of 404 children taken from the 2014 Violence and Accident Surveillance System (Sistema de Vigilância de Violências e Acidentes, VIVA) survey. Correspondence analysis was used to identify variables associated with the outcome violence against children. Victims were predominantly male. The most common form of violence was neglect/abandonment, followed by physical violence and sexual violence. The most common perpetrators were parents (ages zero to one and two to five years), followed by friends (ages six to nine years). The most common place of occurrence was the home. Notable levels of violence were observed at school, particularly among children aged between six and nine years. Neglect was most common in the age group zero to one year and two to five years, while physical violence was most common between children aged between six and nine years.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é descrever o perfil da ocorrência dos acidentes de trabalho na população adulta brasileira. Estudo descritivo com dados sobre acidentes de trabalho coletados em 2013 pela Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde. Os acidentes de trabalho ocorreram em 3,4% (IC95% 4,6-5,6) da população adulta brasileira, ou 4,9 milhões de acidentes foram referidos, sendo mais frequentes entre os homens, jovens, de 18 a 39 anos, de cor preta, na região Norte do país. O Pará foi o Estado de maior ocorrência, e o Rio de Janeiro, o menor. Cerca de um terço dos acidentes foram devidos a deslocamento para o trabalho (acidentes de trajeto). Dentre os acidentados pelo trabalho, 50,4% (IC95% 45,3-55,5) deixaram de realizar suas atividades habituais, 8,8% (IC95% 6,4-11,2) foram internados e 19% (IC95% 15,3-22,7) relataram sequelas decorrentes dos acidentes do trabalho. As ocorrências de acidente de trabalhos relatadas na Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde constituem uma fonte inédita no país, possibilitando informação inestimável sobre o cenário do trabalho no Brasil. A Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde identificou que os acidentes de trabalho são subnotificados, já que as informações oficiais cobrem apenas os trabalhadores com vínculo formal de trabalho. Abstract Objective: to provide an overview of occupational accidents among Brazil's adult population. Methods: descriptive study using data from the 2013 National Health Survey. Results: A total of 4.9 million workers mentioned having suffered some kind of work-related accident, which is equivalent to 3.4% (CI95% 4.6-5.6) of Brazil's adult population. Prevalence rates were higher among men, young adults aged between 18 and 39 years, and black people and in the North Region of the country. Prevalence was highest in the State of Para and lowest in the State of Rio de Janeiro State. Around one third of all accidents were commuting accidents, 50.4% (CI95% 45.3-55.5) of people who had suffered an occupational accident were prevented from carrying out some kind of routine activity due to the accident, 8.8% (CI95% 6.4-11.2) were hospitalized and 19% (CI95% 15.3-22.7) had sequelae resulting from occupational accidents. Conclusion: the data provided by the National Health Survey comprises an unprecedented and invaluable source of information on these issues in Brazil. The results of the survey confirm that occupational accidents are underreported, since official figures do not cover individuals working in the informal sector.

Violence against women is an important public health problem in Brazil and in the world. The objective of the present study was to describe the profile of mortality due to aggression against women, and analyze whether the victims of reported violence are more likely to die from aggression than the general female population. This is a descriptive study of mortality due to aggression against women, from database linkage. The databases used for linkage were SINAN Brazil's Notifiable Diseases Information System (reports of violence against women) (2011 - 2015), and SIM, the Mortality Information System (women dying as a result of aggression) (2011 - 2016). The risk of death due to aggression among women previously reporting violence is higher than in the general female population, thus revealing a situation of vulnerability. Black women with lower schooling are the main victims of violence and homicides. The large number of women killed by aggression and repeated violence reveal the fragility of the care and protection networks in providing comprehensive, qualified and timely care for victims.

Resumo As lesões decorrentes dos acidentes com motociclistas constituem importante problema de saúde pública no Brasil. Objetivou-se descrever as características de motociclistas envolvidos em acidentes de transporte, atendidos em serviços públicos de urgência e emergência nas capitais de estado e no Distrito Federal. Estudo transversal com base nos dados do Inquérito sobre Violências e Acidentes em Serviços de Urgência e Emergência (VIVA Inquérito) de 2014. Os dados foram analisados segundo características sociodemográficas, do evento e do atendimento. Diferenças proporcionais entre os sexos foram analisadas pelo teste do qui-quadrado (Rao-Scott) com nível de significância de 5%. Do total de atendimentos de motociclistas, predominaram homens (n = 9.673), (razão de sexo = 3,2), jovens de 20 a 39 anos (65,7%), pretos/pardos (73,6%), com atividade remunerada (76,4%). Uso de capacete foi relatado por 79,1% das vítimas, 13,3% haviam consumido álcool nas seis horas anteriores ao acidente, 41,4% dos eventos estavam relacionados ao trabalho da vítima. Os acidentes foram mais frequentes nos finais de semana, durante a manhã e final da tarde. Estas características pode apoiar o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de prevenção de acidentes e na promoção da saúde. Abstract Injuries resulting from motorcycle road traffic accidents are an important public health issue in Brazil. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of motorcyclists involved in traffic accidents attended in public urgent and emergency services in the state capitals and the Federal District. This is a cross-sectional study based on data from the Violence and Accident Surveillance System (VIVA Survey) in 2014. Data were analyzed according to sociodemographic, event and attendance characteristics. Proportional differences between genders were analyzed by chi-square test (Rao-Scott) with 5% significance level. Motorcyclist-related attendances (n = 9,673) reported a prevalence of men (gender ratio = 3.2), young people aged 20–39 years (65.7%), black / brown (73.6%), paid work (76.4%). Helmet use was reported by 79.1% of the victims, 13.3% had consumed alcohol in the six hours prior to the accident, 41.4% of the events were related to the victim's work. Accidents were more frequent on weekends, in the morning and late afternoon. These characteristics can support the development of public accident prevention policies and health promotion.

The Violence and Accidents Survey Conducted in Sentinel Emergency Departments (VIVA Survey) is the sentinel surveillance component of the Violence and Accidents Surveillance System (VIVA). It was conducted for the first time in 2006 and again in 2007, 2009, 2011 and 2014. The sample is comprised of victims of accidents and violence treated in Emergency Departments linked to the Brazilian National Health System (SUS). The services are selected intentionally. This isfollowed by probability sampling of 12-hour shifts by conglomerates in single-stage selection. Data is collected by trained interviewers using a standard form. The variables include data about the service site, the victim, the event, injury and case development. The VIVA Survey provides key information for the implementation of policies for addressing violence and accidents as well as for health and peace promotion policies.

Introduction Road traffic crashes (RTC) are an important public health problem, accounting for 1.2 million deaths per year worldwide. In Brazil, approximately 40,000 deaths caused by RTC occur every year, with different trends in the Federal Units. However, these figures may be even greater if health databases are linked to police records. In addition, the linkage procedure would make it possible to qualify information from the health and police databases, improving the quality of the data regarding underlying cause of death, cause of injury in hospital records, and injury severity. Objective This study linked different data sources to measure the numbers of deaths and serious injuries and to estimate the percentage of corrections regarding the underlying cause of death, cause of injury, and the severity injury in victims in matched pairs from record linkage in five representative state capitals of the five macro-regions of Brazil. Methods This cross-sectional, population-based study used data from the Hospital Information System (HIS), Mortality Information System (MIS), and Police Road Traffic database of Belo Horizonte, Campo Grande, Curitiba, Palmas, and Teresina, for the year 2013 for Teresina, and 2012 for the other capitals. RecLink III was used to perform probabilistic record linkage by identifying matched pairs to calculate the global correction percentage of the underlying cause of death, the circumstance that caused the road traffic injury, and the injury severity of the victims in the police database. Results There was a change in the cause of injury in the HIS, with an overall percentage of correction estimated at 24.4% for Belo Horizonte, 96.9% for Campo Grande, 100.0% for Palmas, and 33.2% for Teresina. The overall percentages of correction of the underlying cause of death in the MIS were 29.9%, 11.9%, 4.2%, and 33.5% for Belo Horizonte, Campo Grande, Curitiba, and Teresina, respectively. The correction of the classification of injury severity in police database were 100.0% for Belo Horizonte and Teresina, 48.0% for Campo Grande, and 51.4% for Palmas after linkage with hospital database. The linkage between mortality and police database found a percentage of correction of 29.5%, 52.3%, 4.4%, 74.3 and 72.9% for Belo Horizonte, Campo Grande, Palmas, Curitiba and Teresina, respectively in the police records. Conclusions The results showed the importance of linking records of the health and police databases for estimating the quality of data on road traffic injuries and the victims in the five capital cities studied. The true causes of death and degrees of severity of the injuries caused by RTC are underestimated in the absence of integration of health and police databases. Thus, it is necessary to define national rules and standards of integration between health and traffic databases in national and state levels in Brazil.

Resumo A Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde reafirmou o compromisso do Ministério da Saúde com o fortalecimento da promoção da saúde no Sistema Único de Saúde e, nesse contexto, o Programa Academia da Saúde se destaca como novo equipamento na rede de serviços, potencializando ações de cuidados individuais e coletivos na atenção básica. Este trabalho teve por objetivo descrever o cenário da implantação do Programa e apresentar características de seu funcionamento no país. Os dados foram coletados por meio de formulário eletrônico enviado a todas as Secretarias Municipais de Saúde que receberam recurso para implantar o Programa e a taxa de resposta foi de 85%, correspondendo a 2418 municípios. Um total de 856 polos informou estar em funcionamento, desenvolvendo prioritariamente atividades de práticas corporais, alimentação saudável e educação em saúde. O principal público participante do Programa foram adultos e idosos. Dificuldades apontadas pelos gestores incluem a inclusão de crianças e adolescentes e a contratação de profissionais. Mais de 90% dos polos não dependem exclusivamente do recurso federal para funcionamento, recebendo contrapartidas municipais para o desenvolvimento de suas atividades. Os resultados evidenciam o potencial do Programa como estratégia de promoção da saúde e produção do cuidado nas comunidades, sendo fundamental qualificar suas ações em todo o país. Abstract The National Health Promotion Policy reasserted the Brazilian Ministry of Health’s commitment to bolster the promotion of health in the Unified Health System. In this context, the Health Academy Program constitutes a new tool of the health network for the enhancement of individual and collective primary healthcare. The scope of this study is to present the program implementation scenario, describing characteristics of its operation in the country. Data were collected through an electronic form sent to all Municipal Health Departments that received federal resources to implement the program. The response rate was 85%, corresponding to 2,418 municipalities. A total of 856 centers were found to be in operation, primarily promoting physical exercise, healthy eating and health education. The main participants were adults and the elderly. Difficulties reported by the administrators involve the inclusion of children and adolescents and the hiring of professionals. Over 90% of the program centers do not depend exclusively on federal funding for operation and receive municipal support to conduct their activities. The results show the potential of the program as a strategy to promote healthcare in the community nationwide in Brazil.

Resumo OBJETIVO: descrever as ações realizadas no âmbito do Plano de Ações Estratégicas para o Enfrentamento das Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis (DCNT) no Brasil, de 2011 a 2015. MÉTODOS: as ações foram levantadas por meio de reuniões setoriais, interministeriais, fóruns anuais, além de revisão documental de publicações e legislações em sítios eletrônicos governamentais. RESULTADOS: foram realizadas pesquisas nacionais e monitoramento das metas de redução de mortalidade e fatores de risco, ações de estímulo à atividade física, alimentação adequada e promoção da saúde mediante a criação do Programa Academia da Saúde, publicação de legislação sobre ambientes livres do tabaco, distribuição gratuita de medicamentos para hipertensão, diabetes e asma, organização da rede de atendimento de urgências para doenças cardiovasculares e ampliação do acesso ao diagnóstico e tratamento do paciente oncológico. CONCLUSÃO: observaram-se avanços referentes à vigilância, promoção da saúde e cuidado integral; de modo geral, as metas do Plano vêm sendo alcançadas. Resumen OBJETIVO: describir los avances del plan de acciones estratégicas para el combate de Enfermedades No Transmisibles (ENT) en Brasil (2011 y 2015). MÉTODOS: las acciones fueron levantas a través de reuniones sectoriales, interministeriales, foros anuales, además de una revisión de publicaciones y legislaciones en sitios electrónicos gubernamentales RESULTADOS: fueron realizadas investigaciones nacionales y monitoreo de las metas de reducción de mortalidad por factores de riesgo, acciones de estimulación para actividad física, alimentación adecuada y promoción de la salud mediante la creación del Programa "Academia da Saúde", publicación de legislación sobre ambientes libres de tabaco, distribución gratuita de medicamentos para hipertensión, diabetes y asma, organización de una red de atención de emergencias para enfermedades cardiovasculares y ampliación del acceso al diagnóstico y tratamiento del paciente oncológico. CONCLUSIÓN: hubo avances con respecto a la vigilancia, promoción de la salud y la atención integral; en general, los objetivos del Plan están siendo alcanzados. Abstract OBJECTIVE: to describe the actions undertaken by the Strategic Action Plan for Tackling Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in Brazil, from 2011 to 2015. METHODS: the actions were identified through sectorial and interministerial meetings, annual forums, as well as document reviews of publications and laws on government websites. RESULTS: the actions found were: national surveys and monitoring of mortality and risk factor reduction targets; encouragement of physical activity, adequate nutrition and health promotion through the creation of the Health Gym Program (Programa Academia da Saúde); the publication of legislation on tobacco-free environments; free of charge drugs for hypertension, diabetes, and asthma; organization of the emergency service network for cardiovascular diseases; and expanding access to diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients. CONCLUSION: we found progress regarding surveillance, health promotion and comprehensive care; in general, the goals of the Plan are being met.

Resumo A saúde faz-se um bem público produzido pelas e nas redes de relação e disputas de sujeitos que almejam colocar determinados interesses e necessidades na agenda das políticas públicas. A Promoção da Saúde, como conjunto de estratégias e formas de produzir saúde, no âmbito individual e coletivo, visando atender às necessidades sociais de saúde e garantir a melhoria da qualidade de vida da população, emerge marcada pelas tensões próprias à defesa do direito à saúde. O artigo pretende explicitar certo percurso da Promoção da Saúde no SUS, contando a história de sua afirmação como Política Nacional e as possibilidades que aí se produziram para ampliar a integralidade do cuidado em saúde. Os autores, totalmente implicados na formulação, implementação e revisão da Política Nacional de Promoção da Saúde (PNPS), sistematizam a caminhada em três capítulos: 1998/2004 – Embrião de uma PNPS; 2005/2013 – Nasce, cresce e se desenvolve uma PNPS; 2013-2015 – Revisando, ampliando e divulgando a PNPS. Para além da narrativa de uma história, análise de ciclo de uma política, ou balanço de avanços tenta-se resgatar contextos, textos, discursos, tensões na trajetória da PNPS. Os próximos capítulos são uma obra em aberto e anunciam caminhos. Abstract Health is a fundamental human right, according to the global commitment to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Health is a public good socially produced by and within social networks and disputes among subjects that seek to place certain interests and needs on the agenda of public policies. Health Promotion, as a set of strategies and forms of producing health, both individual and collective, aiming to meet the social needs of health and to assure better quality of life of the population, emerges intrinsically marked by tensions inherent to the defense of the right to health. The present article intends to detail a certain pathway of Health Promotion at SUS, telling the history of its affirmation as a National Policy and the possibilities that were produced therein to amplify the completeness of healthcare. The authors, totally involved in the preparation, implementation, and revision of the National Health Promotion Policy (PNPS), classified the journey into three chapters: (1) 1998/2004 – Embryo of a PNPS; (2) 2005/2013 – Birth, growth, and development of a PNPS; (3) 2013-2015 – Revision, expansion and dissemination of the PNPS. In addition to the narrative of a history, the cycle analysis of a policy, or balance of advancements, there is an attempt to restore contexts, texts, speeches, and tensions in the PNPS trajectory. The next chapters are still ongoing, and announce paths and possibilities on how to ensure that a Policy is kept alive.

To estimate and describe the coverage of the Pap Smear test reported by women aged 25 to 64 years old from data collected by the National Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde - PNS) and to compare the estimates made by the Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases using a Telephone Survey (Vigitel) for the same indicator in the Brazilian capital cities and the Federal District in 2013.Based on the data from the PNS and Vigitel, we estimated prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of women who reported having had a Pap test screening in the past 3 years.According to the PNS, 79.4% (95%CI 78.5 - 80.2) of the women had had a cervical cancer screening in the past 3 years in Brazil. Women aged 55 to 64 years old (71.0%, 95%CI 68.7 - 73.3) and without an education or incomplete elementary school (72.1%, 95%CI 70.6 - 73.7) had the lowest prevalence, and 88.4% (95%CI 87.5 - 89.2) received test results within 3 months. There was no difference when comparing the estimates of the Vigitel with the PNS for the capital city and Federal District totals. In the PNS, the prevalence was 83.8% (95%CI 82.8 - 84.7) and in the Vigitel, it was 82.9% (95%CI 81.9 - 83.8). In addition, there were no differences by capital, except for Recife, Boa Vista, and João Pessoa.Cervical cancer screening coverage for the target population is below the target of 85%. When comparing the data for the capital city and Federal District totals, we verified that the Vigitel System has been effective in monitoring this indicator, which is similar to PNS estimates.Estimar e descrever a cobertura do exame Papanicolaou, relatado por mulheres brasileiras entre 25 e 64 anos, na Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS), e comparar as estimativas do Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (Sistema Vigitel) para o mesmo indicador nas capitais brasileiras e no Distrito Federal em 2013.A partir dos dados da PNS e do Vigitel, foram estimadas as prevalências e os respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) de mulheres que referiram ter realizado o exame de Papanicolaou nos últimos 3 anos.Segundo a PNS, 79,4% (IC95% 78,5 - 80,2) das mulheres realizaram exame Papanicolaou nos últimos 3 anos no Brasil. Mulheres de 55 a 64 anos (71,0%; IC95% 68,7 - 73,3) e sem instrução ou com ensino fundamental incompleto (72,1%; IC95% 70,6 - 73,7) apresentaram as menores prevalências; 88,4% (IC95% 87,5 - 89,2) receberam resultado do exame em até 3 meses. Não houve diferença ao comparar as estimativas do Sistema Vigitel com a PNS para o total das capitais e Distrito Federal. Na PNS, a prevalência foi de 83,8% (IC95% 82,8 - 84,7) e no Vigitel, de 82,9% (IC95% 81,9 - 83,8); além disso, não houve diferenças por capitais, exceto para Recife, Boa Vista e João Pessoa.A cobertura do exame Papanicolaou para a população-alvo encontra-se abaixo da meta de 85%. Ao comparar os dados para o total de capitais e o Distrito Federal, verificou-se que o Sistema Vigitel tem sido efetivo no monitoramento desse indicador, assemelhando-se às estimativas da PNS.

To describe emergency care for external causes in childhood, age group 0-9 years, in Brazilian capitals, collected from the Violence and Accident Surveillance System (VIVA) Survey in 2014.To review data from the VIVA survey conducted in public emergency services in 24 Brazilian capitals. Variables analyzed were gender, age group (0-1 years, 2-5 years and 6-9 years), race/skin color, type of events and injuries, aggressors and other.Eight thousand five hundred eighty-eight children received care, of which 8,164 (95%) were victims of accidents and 424 (5%) of violence. Boys suffered more accidents, most events occurred at home (65%) and discharge was the most frequent outcome. Falls were the most frequent accidents, followed by other accidents, road injury and burns. Neglect prevailed among the types of violence, followed by physical violence. The perpetrator was a child's relative in 72% of the cases, and women were the most frequent aggressors for children under 1 year, and men for children aged 6 to 9 years.Childhood accidents occurred mainly at home, and falls were the most frequent events. Family members and acquaintances perpetrated violence against children. Data point to the implementation of public prevention and child protection policies.

The National Health Promotion Policy reasserted the Brazilian Ministry of Health's commitment to bolster the promotion of health in the Unified Health System. In this context, the Health Academy Program constitutes a new tool of the health network for the enhancement of individual and collective primary healthcare. The scope of this study is to present the program implementation scenario, describing characteristics of its operation in the country. Data were collected through an electronic form sent to all Municipal Health Departments that received federal resources to implement the program. The response rate was 85%, corresponding to 2,418 municipalities. A total of 856 centers were found to be in operation, primarily promoting physical exercise, healthy eating and health education. The main participants were adults and the elderly. Difficulties reported by the administrators involve the inclusion of children and adolescents and the hiring of professionals. Over 90% of the program centers do not depend exclusively on federal funding for operation and receive municipal support to conduct their activities. The results show the potential of the program as a strategy to promote healthcare in the community nationwide in Brazil.

RESUMO: Objetivo Apresentar os resultados dos indicadores sobre consumo de álcool e direção para as capitais brasileiras obtidos em dois inquéritos populacionais realizados em 2013 no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com dados da população adulta (≥ 18 anos) participante da Vigilância de Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel) e da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS). Foram calculadas as prevalências para os indicadores de consumo de bebida alcoólica e direção veicular. Resultados: A proporção de motoristas adultos de carro ou moto que dirigiram logo depois de beber foi significativamente maior no sexo masculino (29,3% - Vigitel; 24,4% - PNS), entre jovens de 18 a 29 anos (31,6% - Vigitel; 24,1% - PNS) e entre os residentes das capitais da Região Centro-Oeste (33,7% - Vigitel; 28,3% - PNS). A proporção de adultos que referiram beber e dirigir foi maior no sexo masculino (9,4% - Vigitel; 7,4% - PNS), no grupo de 18 a 29 anos (7,1% - Vigitel; 4,5% - PNS) e entre os residentes das capitais da Região Centro-Oeste (7,9% - Vigitel; 6,1% - PNS). Conclusão: O estudo permitiu estimar a prevalência do hábito de dirigir após ingestão de bebida alcoólica entre motoristas e na população em geral e mostrou coerência entre os resultados dos dois inquéritos epidemiológicos de abrangência nacional. ABSTRACT: Objective: To present the results of indicators of alcohol consumption and driving for Brazilian capitals based on two population surveys performed in Brazil in 2013. Methods: Cross sectional study with data from adults (≥ 18 years) participants of the Telephone Survey on Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases (Vigitel) and the National Health Survey (NHS). Prevalence for indicators of alcohol consumption and driving was then calculated. Results: The proportion of adult drivers who drove soon after drinking was significantly higher among males (29.3% - Vigitel and 24.4% - NHS), the young aging 18 to 29 years (31.6% - Vigitel and 24.1% - NHS) and among residents of the capitals of the Midwest (33.7% - Vigitel and 28.3% - NHS). The proportion of adults who reported drinking and driving was higher among males (9.4% - Vigitel and 7.4% - NHS) in the 18 to 29 age group (7.1% - Vigitel; 4.5% - NHS), and among residents of the capitals of the Midwest (7.9% - Vigitel and 6.1% - NHS). Conclusion: The study estimated the prevalence of the habit of driving after alcohol consumption among drivers and in the general population. There was consistency between the results from two nationwide surveys.

Injuries resulting from motorcycle road traffic accidents are an important public health issue in Brazil. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of motorcyclists involved in traffic accidents attended in public urgent and emergency services in the state capitals and the Federal District. This is a cross-sectional study based on data from the Violence and Accident Surveillance System (VIVA Survey) in 2014. Data were analyzed according to sociodemographic, event and attendance characteristics. Proportional differences between genders were analyzed by chi-square test (Rao-Scott) with 5% significance level. Motorcyclist-related attendances (n = 9,673) reported a prevalence of men (gender ratio = 3.2), young people aged 20-39 years (65.7%), black / brown (73.6%), paid work (76.4%). Helmet use was reported by 79.1% of the victims, 13.3% had consumed alcohol in the six hours prior to the accident, 41.4% of the events were related to the victim's work. Accidents were more frequent on weekends, in the morning and late afternoon. These characteristics can support the development of public accident prevention policies and health promotion.

to describe the actions undertaken by the Strategic Action Plan for Tackling Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in Brazil, from 2011 to 2015.the actions were identified through sectorial and interministerial meetings, annual forums, as well as document reviews of publications and laws on government websites.the actions found were: national surveys and monitoring of mortality and risk factor reduction targets; encouragement of physical activity, adequate nutrition and health promotion through the creation of the Health Gym Program (Programa Academia da Saúde); the publication of legislation on tobacco-free environments; free of charge drugs for hypertension, diabetes, and asthma; organization of the emergency service network for cardiovascular diseases; and expanding access to diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients.we found progress regarding surveillance, health promotion and comprehensive care; in general, the goals of the Plan are being met.

The scope of this article is to describe the prevalence of violence committed by acquaintances in accordance with demographic characteristics. It is a descriptive study, based on data from a population-based National Health Research survey conducted in Brazil in 2013. Data from the adult population (≥ 18 years) of 64,348 households. Prevalence rates were calculated and their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) according to gender, age, education, race/color, area of residence and geographical region. The prevalence of violence committed by acquaintances was 2.5% (95%CI 2.3-2.7), significantly higher in women (3.1%; 95%CI 2.8-3.5) compared to men (1.8%; 95% CI 1.6-2.1). This prevalence was higher in the population aged 18-29 years old (3.2%; 95%CI 2.8-3.7) compared to older individuals (1.1%; 95%CI 0.8-1.3), and among residents of the North (3.2%; 95%CI 2.5-3.8) and Northeast Regions (3.0%; 95%CI 2.5-3.8) when compared to residents of the Southeast Region (2.0%; 95%CI 1.6-2.3). Violence was present in higher prevalence among women, proving the occurrence of gender-based violence and confirming its occurrence in all geographical regions and in different population groups in Brazil in 2013.O objetivo deste artigo é descrever a prevalência de violência cometida por pessoas conhecidas segundo características demográficas. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, a partir dos dados obtidos em inquérito de base populacional, a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, realizada no Brasil em 2013. Foram analisados dados da população adulta (≥ 18 anos) em 64.348 domicílios. Calcularamse as prevalências e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) segundo sexo, faixa etária, escolaridade, cor/raça, zona de residência e região geográfica. A prevalência de violência cometida por pessoa conhecida foi de 2,5% (IC95% 2,3-2,7), significativamente maior nas mulheres (3,1%; IC95% 2,8-3,5) quando comparadas aos homens (1,8%; IC95% 1,6-2,1), na população jovem de 18 a 29 anos (3,2%; IC95% 2,8-3,7) em relação aos mais velhos (1,1%; IC95% 0,8-1,3) e nos residentes das Regiões Norte (3,2%; IC95% 2,5-3,8) e Nordeste (3,0%; IC95% 2,5-3,8) em comparação aos da Região Sudeste (2,0%; IC95% 1,6-2,3). A violência foi observada em maior prevalência no sexo feminino, comprovando a ocorrência da ‘violência de gênero’ e confirmando sua existência em todas as regiões geográficas e nos diferentes grupos populacionais do Brasil, em 2013.

The article aims to describe the injuries in traffic according to demographic characteristics, use of protective equipment, use of health services, activity limitations and disabilities. The percentage involvement in traffic accidents with injuries, the percentage of use of protective equipment, use of health services, limitation of daily activities, disability and sequelae, according to educational level, race, color, sex, age and region of residence it estimated.The use of safety belt in the adult population was 79.4%and 50.2% in the front seats and back, respectively; the helmet use among motorcycle drivers and passengers were respectively 83.4 and 80.1. Safety equipment are less used in the North and Northeast and in the countryside. Reported car accident last month 3.1%, being higher in males 4.5%, the people of complete primary schooling and School graduate, young adult and the brown race-color. Among the injured received some form of health care due to this accident 52.4%, were admitted 7.7%. They reported having had limitation of daily activities, disabilities and consequences arising from traffic accidents 14.1%. Car accidents are high in the country.

to provide an overview of occupational accidents among Brazil's adult population.descriptive study using data from the 2013 National Health Survey.A total of 4.9 million workers mentioned having suffered some kind of work-related accident, which is equivalent to 3.4% (CI95% 4.6-5.6) of Brazil's adult population. Prevalence rates were higher among men, young adults aged between 18 and 39 years, and black people and in the North Region of the country. Prevalence was highest in the State of Para and lowest in the State of Rio de Janeiro State. Around one third of all accidents were commuting accidents, 50.4% (CI95% 45.3-55.5) of people who had suffered an occupational accident were prevented from carrying out some kind of routine activity due to the accident, 8.8% (CI95% 6.4-11.2) were hospitalized and 19% (CI95% 15.3-22.7) had sequelae resulting from occupational accidents.the data provided by the National Health Survey comprises an unprecedented and invaluable source of information on these issues in Brazil. The results of the survey confirm that occupational accidents are underreported, since official figures do not cover individuals working in the informal sector.

The goal of this study was to describe the trend of tobacco-use indicators for adults in Brazilian state capitals. Simple linear regression was used to analyze tobacco-use trends according to data from telephone survey VIGITEL between 2006 and 2014. The prevalence of smokers in Brazil dropped 0.645p.p. per year this period, from 15.6% (2006) to 10.8% (2014). There was a decrease per sex, schooling, major regions, and in most age groups. The prevalence of former smokers dropped from 22.2% (2006) to 21.2% (2014); smoking 20 cigarettes or more per day went from 4.6% (2006) to 3% (2014). Passive smoking at home dropped 0.614p.p. per year since 2009, and was 9.4% in 2014. Passive smoking at the workplace decreased 0.54p.p. a year, reaching 8.9% in 2014. The prevalence trend of smokers is declining for sexes, schooling, and major regions in almost all age groups. This indicates that the global target of 30% reduction in tobacco use until 2025 is possible to be reached, reflecting the effectiveness of control actions for this risk factor in Brazil.

To present the results of indicators of alcohol consumption and driving for Brazilian capitals based on two population surveys performed in Brazil in 2013.Cross sectional study with data from adults (≥ 18 years) participants of the Telephone Survey on Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases (Vigitel) and the National Health Survey (NHS). Prevalence for indicators of alcohol consumption and driving was then calculated.The proportion of adult drivers who drove soon after drinking was significantly higher among males (29.3% - Vigitel and 24.4% - NHS), the young aging 18 to 29 years (31.6% - Vigitel and 24.1% - NHS) and among residents of the capitals of the Midwest (33.7% - Vigitel and 28.3% - NHS). The proportion of adults who reported drinking and driving was higher among males (9.4% - Vigitel and 7.4% - NHS) in the 18 to 29 age group (7.1% - Vigitel; 4.5% - NHS), and among residents of the capitals of the Midwest (7.9% - Vigitel and 6.1% - NHS).The study estimated the prevalence of the habit of driving after alcohol consumption among drivers and in the general population. There was consistency between the results from two nationwide surveys.