Search

Your search keyword '"Marechal, Eric"' showing total 83 results
Start Over Author "Marechal, Eric" Publication Year Range Last 10 years

Refine your results

more »

more »

more »

more »
83 results on '"Marechal, Eric"'

2. Delta-5 elongase knockout reduces DHA and TAG synthesis coupled with an increase of heat sensitivity in a marine diatom

Author

Zhu, Junkai, primary, Li, Shuangqing, additional, Chen, Weizhong, additional, Xu, Xinde, additional, Wang, Xiaoping, additional, Wang, Xinwei, additional, Han, Jichang, additional, Jouhet, Juliette, additional, Amato, Alberto, additional, Marechal, Eric, additional, Hu, Hanhua, additional, Allen, Andrew E, additional, Gong, Yangmin, additional, and Jiang, Haibo, additional

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Nitric Oxide Mediates Nitrite-Sensing and Acclimation and Triggers a Remodeling of Lipids

Author

Dolch, Lina-Juana, Lupette, Josselin, Tourcier, Guillaume, Bedhomme, Mariette, Collin, Séverine, Magneschi, Leonardo, Conte, Melissa, Seddiki, Khawla, Richard, Christelle, Corre, Erwan, Fourage, Laurent, Laeuffer, Frédéric, Richards, Robert, Reith, Michael, Rébeillé, Fabrice, Jouhet, Juliette, McGinn, Patrick, and Maréchal, Eric

Published
2017

10. Investigating mixotrophic metabolism in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Author

Villanova, Valeria, Fortunato, Antonio Emidio, Singh, Dipali, Dal Bo, Davide, Conte, Melissa, Obata, Toshihiro, Jouhet, Juliette, Fernie, Alisdair R., Marechal, Eric, Falciatore, Angela, Pagliardini, Julien, Le Monnier, Adeline, Poolman, Mark, Curien, Gilles, Petroutsos, Dimitris, and Finazzi, Giovanni

Published
2017

13. Adaptive traits of cysts of the snow alga Sanguina nivaloides unveiled by 3D subcellular imaging

Author

Marechal, Eric, primary, Ezzedine, Jade, additional, Uwizeye, Clarisse, additional, Larbi, Gregory Si, additional, Villain, Gaelle, additional, Louwagie, Mathilde, additional, Schilling, Marion, additional, Hagenmuller, Pascal, additional, Gallet, Benoit, additional, Stewart, Adeline, additional, Petroutsos, Dimitris, additional, Devime, Fabienne, additional, Salze, Pascal, additional, Liger, Lucie, additional, Jouhet, Juliette, additional, Dumont, Marie, additional, Ravanel, Stéphane, additional, Amato, Alberto, additional, Valay, Jean-Gabriel, additional, Jouneau, Pierre-Henri, additional, and Falconet, Denis, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Lipids in Plants and Algae: From Fundamental Science to Industrial Applications

Author

Rebeille, Fabrice, Marechal, Eric, Rebeille, Fabrice, Rebeille, Fabrice, Marechal, Eric, and Rebeille, Fabrice

Abstract

Lipids in Plants and Algae: From Fundamental Science to Industrial Applications, Volume 101 provides in-depth reviews on the most important aspects of the field. Topics in this volume encompass the most recent data about the physical properties of membrane lipids, lipid biosynthesis and metabolism (including glycerolipids, fatty acids, sterols, N-acylethanolamines, prostaglandins, phytoprostane), lipid storage, acyl flux, the dynamic and transport of glycerolipids, and the conversion of fatty acids into hydrocarbons. Lipid metabolism and lipidomics in plants and algae are one of the most challenging areas in biology, not only for fundamental research but also for the sustainable production of valuable molecules for green chemistry, including biofuel and health. Includes sections on fatty acid synthesis, lipid storage and hydrocarbon production Covers biophysics, biochemistry, metabolism and the bioengineering of plant and algae lipids Provides readers with a comprehensive resource on lipid dynamics and fluxes in plants and algae

Published
2022

20. Lipids in Plants and Algae: From Fundamental Science to Industrial Applications Preface

Author

Rebeille, Fabrice, Marechal, Eric, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
Lipide, Algues, Plante, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022

22. Biofuels from oleaginous algae Principles, industry sectors, challenges

Author

Marechal, Eric, LIPID, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (programme Fermeture du Cycle du Carbone), Institut Carnot 3BCAR, ANR-11-BTBR-0008,OCEANOMICS,Biotechnologies et bioressources pour la valorisation des écosystèmes marins planctoniques(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0004,CeMEB,Labex(2010), ANR-17-EURE-0003,CBH-EUR-GS,CBH-EUR-GS(2017), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and ANR-10-LABX-0004,CeMEB,Mediterranean Center for Environment and Biodiversity(2010)

Subjects
[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology
Abstract

International audience; (~500-800 signes) : Résumé du texte-Résumé du texte Certains organismes photosynthétiques sont capables de capturer le CO2 atmosphérique et de produire une biomasse riche en huile. Cette huile est considérée de ce fait comme une ressource renouvelable, qui pourrait devenir une alternative aux hydrocarbures fossiles. Cet article fournit une définition détaillée de ce qu'on entend par microalgue, huile, biocarburant, et donne un état de l'art des technologies de culture, de récolte, d'extraction d'huile et de conversion en biodiesel, du laboratoire à l'échelle pilote, soulignant les verrous biotechnologiques et technologiques à lever dans l'avenir.

Published
2021

24. Plastidial ACP Δ9‐desaturase modulates EPA biosynthesis and TAG accumulation in Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Author

Richard, Smith, Jouhet, Juliette, Gandini, Chiara, Nekrasova, Vladimir, Marechal, Eric, Napier, Johnathan A., Sayanova, Olga, Rothamsted Research, LIPID, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), UK (Grant BB/L002957/1), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
lipids, eicosapentaenoic acid, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, omega-3 PUFA biosynthesis, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Δ9-desaturase, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM]
Abstract

International audience; The unicellular marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum accumulates up to 35% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n3) and has been used as a model organism to study long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) biosynthesis due to an excellent annotated genome sequence and established transformation system. In P. tricornutum, the majority of EPA accumulates in polar lipids, especially in galactolipids such as mono- and di-galactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG and DGDG). LC-PUFA biosynthesis is considered to start from oleic acid (18:1n9). EPA can be synthesized via a series of desaturation and elongation steps occurring at the endoplasmic reticulum and newly synthesized EPA is then imported into the plastids for incorporation into galactolipids via an unknown route. The basis for the flux of EPA is fundamental to understanding LC-PUFA biosynthesis in diatoms. We used P. tricornutum to study acyl modifying activities, upstream of 18:1n9, on subsequent LC-PUFA biosynthesis. We identified the gene coding for the plastidial acyl carrier protein Δ9-desaturase, a key enzyme in fatty acid modification and analysed the impact of overexpression and knock out of this gene on glycerolipid metabolism. This revealed a previously unknown role of this soluble desaturase in EPA synthesis and production of TAG. This study provides further insight into the distinctive nature of lipid metabolism in the marine diatom P. tricornutum and suggests additional approaches for tailoring oil composition in microalgae.

Published
2021

26. Biosynthesis of Long Chain Alkyl Diols and Long Chain Alkenols in Nannochloropsis spp. (Eustigmatophyceae)

Author

Balzano, Sergio, Villanueva, Laura, de Bar, Marijke, Sahonero Canavesi, Diana X., Yildiz, Caglar, Engelmann, Julia C., Marechal, Eric, Lupette, Josselin, Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S., Schouten, Stefan, Organic geochemistry & molecular biogeology, Organic geochemistry, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Faculty of Geosciences, LIPID, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), European Project: 339206,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-ADG,DIOLS(2014), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), European Research Council (ERC) 339206Netherlands Earth System Science Centre (NESSC), ANR-11-BTBR-0008,OCEANOMICS,Biotechnologies et bioressources pour la valorisation des écosystèmes marins planctoniques(2011), ANR-17-EURE-0003,CBH-EUR-GS,CBH-EUR-GS(2017), Organic geochemistry & molecular biogeology, Organic geochemistry, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Lipid biosynthesis, Physiology, polyketide synthase, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Substrate Specificity, Hydroxylation, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated, chemistry.chemical_compound, Diols, Microalgae, Nannochloropsis, Enoyl-CoA Hydratase, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, biology, Hydroxylated fatty acids, General Medicine, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, alkenols, Alkenols, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], Enzymes, Biochemistry, hydroxylated fatty acids, Metabolic pathway, Fatty Acid Elongases, diols, Alkenes, 03 medical and health sciences, Polyketide, Biosynthesis, Acetyltransferases, Polyketide synthase, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], 030304 developmental biology, Regular Papers, Fatty acid, Cell Biology, transcriptomic, bioproduct, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, Alcohols, biology.protein, gene expression, Bioproduct, Polyketide Synthases, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

We investigated potential biosynthetic pathways of long chain alkenols (LCAs), long chain alkyl diols (LCDs), and long chain hydroxy fatty acids (LCHFAs) in Nannochloropsis oceanica and Nannochloropsis gaditana, by combining culturing experiments with genomic and transcriptomic analyses. Incubation of Nannochloropsis spp. in the dark for 1 week led to significant increases in the cellular concentrations of LCAs and LCDs in both species. Consistently, 13C-labelled substrate experiments confirmed that both LCA and LCD were actively produced in the dark from C14–18 fatty acids by either condensation or elongation/hydroxylation, although no enzymatic evidence was found for the former pathway. Nannochloropsis spp. did, however, contain (i) multiple polyketide synthases (PKSs) including one type (PKS-Clade II) that might catalyze incomplete fatty acid elongations leading to the formation of 3-OH-fatty acids, (ii) 3-hydroxyacyl dehydratases (HADs), which can possibly form Δ2/Δ3 monounsaturated fatty acids, and (iii) fatty acid elongases (FAEs) that could elongate 3-OH-fatty acids and Δ2/Δ3 monounsaturated fatty acids to longer products. The enzymes responsible for reduction of the long chain fatty acids to LCDs and LCAs are, however, unclear. A putative wax ester synthase/acyl coenzyme A (acyl-CoA): diacylglycerol acyltransferase is likely to be involved in the esterification of LCAs and LCDs in the cell wall. Our data thus provide useful insights in predicting the biosynthetic pathways of LCAs and LCDs in phytoplankton suggesting a key role of FAE and PKS enzymes.

Published
2019

27. Biosynthesis of Long Chain Alkyl Diols and Long Chain Alkenols in Nannochloropsis spp. (Eustigmatophyceae)

Author

Organic geochemistry & molecular biogeology, Organic geochemistry, Balzano, Sergio, Villanueva, Laura, de Bar, Marijke, Sahonero Canavesi, Diana X., Yildiz, Caglar, Engelmann, Julia C., Marechal, Eric, Lupette, Josselin, Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S., Schouten, Stefan, Organic geochemistry & molecular biogeology, Organic geochemistry, Balzano, Sergio, Villanueva, Laura, de Bar, Marijke, Sahonero Canavesi, Diana X., Yildiz, Caglar, Engelmann, Julia C., Marechal, Eric, Lupette, Josselin, Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S., and Schouten, Stefan

Published
2019

29. Plastids: Methods and Protocol. Series Method in Molecular Biology, Vol.1829

Author

Marechal, Eric, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Martin-Laffon, Jacqueline, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG)

Subjects
[SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

31. Nuclear genome sequence of the plastid-lacking cryptomonad Goniomonas avonlea provides insights into the evolution of secondary plastids

Author

Cenci, Ugo, Sibbald, Shannon J., Curtis, Bruce A., Kamikawa, Ryoma, Eme, Laura, Moog, Daniel, Henrissat, Bernard, Marechal, Eric, Chabi, Malika, Djemiel, Christophe, Roger, Andrew J., Kim, Eunsoo, Archibald, John M., Cenci, Ugo, Sibbald, Shannon J., Curtis, Bruce A., Kamikawa, Ryoma, Eme, Laura, Moog, Daniel, Henrissat, Bernard, Marechal, Eric, Chabi, Malika, Djemiel, Christophe, Roger, Andrew J., Kim, Eunsoo, and Archibald, John M.

Abstract

Background: The evolution of photosynthesis has been a major driver in eukaryotic diversification. Eukaryotes have acquired plastids (chloroplasts) either directly via the engulfment and integration of a photosynthetic cyanobacterium (primary endosymbiosis) or indirectly by engulfing a photosynthetic eukaryote (secondary or tertiary endosymbiosis). The timing and frequency of secondary endosymbiosis during eukaryotic evolution is currently unclear but may be resolved in part by studying cryptomonads, a group of single-celled eukaryotes comprised of both photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic species. While cryptomonads such as Guillardia theta harbor a red algal-derived plastid of secondary endosymbiotic origin, members of the sister group Goniomonadea lack plastids. Here, we present the genome of Goniomonas avonlea-the first for any goniomonad-to address whether Goniomonadea are ancestrally non-photosynthetic or whether they lost a plastid secondarily. Results: We sequenced the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes of Goniomonas avonlea and carried out a comparative analysis of Go. avonlea, Gu. theta, and other cryptomonads. The Go. avonlea genome assembly is similar to 92 Mbp in size, with 33,470 predicted protein-coding genes. Interestingly, some metabolic pathways (e.g., fatty acid biosynthesis) predicted to occur in the plastid and periplastidal compartment of Gu. theta appear to operate in the cytoplasm of Go. avonlea, suggesting that metabolic redundancies were generated during the course of secondary plastid integration. Other cytosolic pathways found in Go. avonlea are not found in Gu. theta, suggesting secondary loss in Gu. theta and other plastid-bearing cryptomonads. Phylogenetic analyses revealed no evidence for algal endosymbiont-derived genes in the Go. avonlea genome. Phylogenomic analyses point to a specific relationship between Cryptista (to which cryptomonads belong) and Archaeplastida. Conclusion: We found no convincing genomic or phylogenomic evidenc

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. Cinquième chapitre: De la curiosité à l’application (Collectif incluant Eric Maréchal)

Author

Marechal, Eric, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Catherine Jessus, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), and Martin-Laffon, Jacqueline

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ouvrage collectif, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

33. Supplementary Fig. 1 Quantitative analysis of P. tricornutum glycerolipids from Investigating mixotrophic metabolism in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Author

Villanova, Valeria, Fortunato, Antonio Emidio, Dipali Singh, Bo, Davide Dal, Conte, Melissa, Obata, Toshihiro, Jouhet, Juliette, Fernie, Alisdair R., Marechal, Eric, Falciatore, Angela, Pagliardini, Julien, Monnier, Adeline Le, Poolman, Mark, Curien, Gilles, Petroutsos, Dimitris, and Finazzi, Giovanni

Abstract

TAG profile in a total lipid extract from cells grown in replete conditions (A) and deplete conditions (B) in both mixotrophic and phototrophic mode. Glycerolipids are expressed in nmol / mg of dry cells. Each result is the average of two biological replicates ± SD. PHOT: light in N-replete condition; PHOTO-N: light in N-deplete condi-tion; MIX: light+glycerol in N-replete condition; MIX-N: light+glycerol in N-deplete condition.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. Supplementary Fig. 3 Quantification of intracellular pyruvate by a fluorescence-based method from Investigating mixotrophic metabolism in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Author

Villanova, Valeria, Fortunato, Antonio Emidio, Dipali Singh, Bo, Davide Dal, Conte, Melissa, Obata, Toshihiro, Jouhet, Juliette, Fernie, Alisdair R., Marechal, Eric, Falciatore, Angela, Pagliardini, Julien, Monnier, Adeline Le, Poolman, Mark, Curien, Gilles, Petroutsos, Dimitris, and Finazzi, Giovanni

Abstract

A. Pyruvate standard curve. B. Quantification of intracellular pyruvate in cells grown in phototrophy (PHOT) and mixotrophy (MIX).

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

35. Supplementary Fig. 2 Membrane lipid composition in P. tricornutum from Investigating mixotrophic metabolism in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Author

Villanova, Valeria, Fortunato, Antonio Emidio, Dipali Singh, Bo, Davide Dal, Conte, Melissa, Obata, Toshihiro, Jouhet, Juliette, Fernie, Alisdair R., Marechal, Eric, Falciatore, Angela, Pagliardini, Julien, Monnier, Adeline Le, Poolman, Mark, Curien, Gilles, Petroutsos, Dimitris, and Finazzi, Giovanni

Abstract

Lipid analysis of cells grow in N-replete conditions and N-deplete conditions in both mixotrophic and phototrophic mode. Each result is the average of two biological replicates ± SD. SQDG, sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol; DGDG, digalactosyldiacylglycerol; MGDG, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PHOT: light in N-replete condition; PHOTO-N: light in N-deplete condition; MIX: light+glycerol in N-replete condition; MIX-N: light+glycerol in N-deplete condition.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Supplementary Fig. 4 A Respiration and photosynthesis in P. tricornutum cells from Investigating mixotrophic metabolism in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Author

Villanova, Valeria, Fortunato, Antonio Emidio, Dipali Singh, Bo, Davide Dal, Conte, Melissa, Obata, Toshihiro, Jouhet, Juliette, Fernie, Alisdair R., Marechal, Eric, Falciatore, Angela, Pagliardini, Julien, Monnier, Adeline Le, Poolman, Mark, Curien, Gilles, Petroutsos, Dimitris, and Finazzi, Giovanni

Abstract

Direct assessment of oxygen consumption by a polarographic approach in both phototrophy (black bar) and mix-otrophy (red bar). B. Fluorescent based-assay to monitoring the changes in respiration using the Redox Dye A in presence of the selected compounds (see methods).

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. Supplementary Fig. 5 Screening of mixotrophic efficiency by biolog and redox dye assay in P. tricornutum from Investigating mixotrophic metabolism in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Author

Villanova, Valeria, Fortunato, Antonio Emidio, Dipali Singh, Bo, Davide Dal, Conte, Melissa, Obata, Toshihiro, Jouhet, Juliette, Fernie, Alisdair R., Marechal, Eric, Falciatore, Angela, Pagliardini, Julien, Monnier, Adeline Le, Poolman, Mark, Curien, Gilles, Petroutsos, Dimitris, and Finazzi, Giovanni

Abstract

A. OD750 nm changes (relative to phototrophic growth) of P. tricornutum cells grown for 6 days in BiologTM plates P1 and PM2A that contains 190 carbon compounds (see methods). Each data point represents a different com-pound. B. Growth profile of P. tricornutum on few selected compounds (at 20 mM) and a phototrophic control in 100 mL flasks. C. Areas under the growth curves of Supplementary Fig. 5B normalized to the area of the curve of phototrophic growth.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

38. Tight cohesion between glycolipid membranes results from balanced water-headgroup interactions

Author

Kanduc, Matej, Schlaich, Alexander, de Vries, Alex H., Jouhet, Juliette, Marechal, Eric, Deme, Bruno, Netz, Roland R., Schneck, Emanuel, Kanduc, Matej, Schlaich, Alexander, de Vries, Alex H., Jouhet, Juliette, Marechal, Eric, Deme, Bruno, Netz, Roland R., and Schneck, Emanuel

Abstract

Membrane systems that naturally occur as densely packed membrane stacks contain high amounts of glycolipids whose saccharide headgroups display multiple small electric dipoles in the form of hydroxyl groups. Experimentally, the hydration repulsion between glycolipid membranes is of much shorter range than that between zwitterionic phospholipids whose headgroups are dominated by a single large dipole. Using solvent-explicit molecular dynamics simulations, here we reproduce the experimentally observed, different pressure-versus-distance curves of phospholipid and glycolipid membrane stacks and show that the water uptake into the latter is solely driven by the hydrogen bond balance involved in non-ideal water/sugar mixing. Water structuring effects and lipid configurational perturbations, responsible for the longer-range repulsion between phospholipid membranes, are inoperative for the glycolipids. Our results explain the tight cohesion between glycolipid membranes at their swelling limit, which we here determine by neutron diffraction, and their unique interaction characteristics, which are essential for the biogenesis of photosynthetic membranes.

Published
2017

40. ALA10, a Phospholipid Flippase, Controls FAD2/FAD3 Desaturation of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER and Affects Chloroplast Lipid Composition in Arabidopsis thaliana

Author

Botella, César, primary, Sautron, Emeline, additional, Boudiere, Laurence, additional, Michaud, Morgane, additional, Dubots, Emmanuelle, additional, Yamaryo-Botté, Yoshiki, additional, Albrieux, Catherine, additional, Marechal, Eric, additional, Block, Maryse A., additional, and Jouhet, Juliette, additional

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. Imaging Plastids in 2D and 3D: Confocal and Electron Microscopy

Author

Christine Moriscot, Serena Flori, Giovanni Finazzi, Denis Falconet, Pierre-Henri Jouneau, Guy Schoehn, Benoit Gallet, Leandro F. Estrozi, Laboratoire de physiologie cellulaire végétale (LPCV), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude des Matériaux par Microscopie Avancée (LEMMA), Modélisation et Exploration des Matériaux (MEM), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Marechal Eric, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Laboratoire d'Etude des Matériaux par Microscopie Avancée (LEMMA ), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Materials science, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Scanning electron microscope, Confocal, Arabidopsis, 01 natural sciences, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, law.invention, Focused ion beam (FIB), 03 medical and health sciences, law, Microscopy, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Plastid, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Tomography, biology, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Confocal imaging, biology.organism_classification, Chloroplast, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], 030104 developmental biology, Transmission electron microscopy, Biophysics, Electron microscope, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Internal chloroplast structures present complex and various characteristics, which are still largely undetermined due to insufficient imaging investigation. Information on chloroplast morphology has traditionally been collected using light microscopy (LM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. However, recent technological progresses in the field of microscopy have made it possible to visualize the internal structure of chloroplast in far greater detail and in 3D. Here we recapitulate protocols to visualize chloroplasts from Arabidopsis leaves and Phaeodactylum tricornutum cells with confocal and transmission electron microscopy together with a new technique using a focused ion beam-scanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM) allowing for 3D imaging.

Published
2018

43. Primary Endosymbiosis: Emergence of the Primary Chloroplast and the Chromatophore, Two Independent Events

Author

Eric Maréchal, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Marechal Eric, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Symbiogenesis, Chromatophore, biology, Primary endosymbiosis, Archaeplastida, Mitochondrion, biology.organism_classification, Genome, Chloroplast, Mitochondria, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, Organelle, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Gene
Abstract

International audience; The emergence of semiautonomous organelles, such as the mitochondrion, the chloroplast, and more recently, the chromatophore, are critical steps in the evolution of eukaryotes. They resulted from primary endosymbiotic events that seem to share general features, i.e., an acquisition of a bacterium/cyanobacteria likely via a phagocytic membrane, a genome reduction coinciding with an escape of genes from the organelle to the nucleus, and finally the appearance of an active system translocating nuclear-encoded proteins back to the organelles. An intense mobilization of foreign genes of bacterial origin, via horizontal gene transfers, plays a critical role. Some third partners, like Chlamydia, might have facilitated the transition from cyanobacteria to the early chloroplast. This chapter describes our current understanding of primary endosymbiosis, with a specific focus on primary chloroplasts considered to have emerged more than one billion years ago, and on the chromatophore, having emerged about one hundred million years ago.

Published
2018

44. AT_CHLORO: The First Step When Looking for Information About Subplastidial Localization of Proteins

Author

Christophe Bruley, Sylvain Bournais, Norbert Rolland, Lucas Moyet, Daniel Salvi, Imen Bouchnak, Marcel Kuntz, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Biologie à Grande Échelle (BGE - UMR S1038), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Marechal Eric, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Chemistry, Subcellular localization, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], food and beverages, macromolecular substances, Stroma, Plant, Chloroplast membrane, Chloroplast, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Envelope, Thylakoid, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Biophysics, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Plastid, Chloroplast Proteins, Plastid envelope, Intermembrane space, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience; Plastids contain several key subcompartments. The two limiting envelope membranes (inner and outer membrane of the plastid envelope with an intermembrane space between), an aqueous phase (stroma), and an internal membrane system terms (thylakoids) formed of flat compressed vesicles (grana) and more light structures (lamellae). The thylakoid vesicles delimit another discrete soluble compartment, the thylakoid lumen. AT_CHLORO (http://at-chloro.prabi.fr/at_chloro/) is a unique database supplying information about the subplastidial localization of proteins. It was created from simultaneous proteomic analyses targeted to the main subcompartments of the chloroplast from Arabidopsis thaliana (i.e., envelope, stroma, thylakoid) and to the two subdomains of thylakoid membranes (i.e., grana and stroma lamellae). AT_CHLORO assembles several complementary information (MS-based experimental data, curated functional annotations and subplastidial localization, links to other public databases and references) which give a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge about the subplastidial localization and the function of chloroplast proteins, with a specific attention given to chloroplast envelope proteins.

Published
2018

45. Extraction and Quantification of Lipids from Plant or Algae

Author

Juliette Jouhet, Valérie Gros, Josselin Lupette, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Marechal Eric, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Extraction, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Algae, Quantification, Fatty acid methyl ester, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Food science, chemistry.chemical_classification, Gas chromatography, biology, Mass spectrometry, Chemistry, Extraction (chemistry), Fatty acid, food and beverages, Lipid, Phosphate, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, 13. Climate action, Biofuel, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), HPLC, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; In plants and algae, the glycerolipidome changes in response to environmental modifications. For instance, in phosphate starvation, phospholipids are degraded and replaced by nonphosphorus lipids and in nitrogen starvation, storage lipids accumulate. In addition to the well-known applications of oil crops for food, algae lipids are becoming a model for potential applications in health, biofuel, and green chemistry and are used as a platform for genetic engineering. It is therefore important to measure accurately and quickly the glycerolipid content in plants and algae. Here we describe the methods to extract the lipid, quantify the fatty acid amount of the lipid extract and to quantify the different lipid classes that are present in these samples.

Published
2018

46. A Toolkit for the Characterization of the Photoprotective Capacity of Green Algae

Author

M. Águila Ruiz-Sola, Dimitris Petroutsos, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Marechal Eric, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Quenching (fluorescence), biology, Chemistry, In vivo chlorophyll fluorescence, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Quenching of energy (qE), biology.organism_classification, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, Photosynthetic capacity, Western blotting, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), Algae, Biophysics, Green algae, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, High light stress, Energy source, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; While light is a crucial energy source in photosynthetic organisms, if its intensity exceeds their photosynthetic capacity it may cause light-induced damage. A dominant photoprotective mechanism in plants and algae is the qE (quenching of energy), the major component of nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ). qE is a process that dissipates absorbed excitation energy as heat, ensuring cell survival even under adverse conditions. The present protocol gathers together a set of experimental approaches (in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence, western blotting, growth and cellular chlorophyll content at very strong light) that collectively allow for the characterization of the qE capacity of the model green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Published
2018

47. Generation of Mutants of Nuclear-Encoded Plastid Proteins Using CRISPR/Cas9 in the Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Author

Cécile Giustini, Florence Courtois, Erika Guglielmino, Guillaume Allorent, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Marechal Eric, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Biolistic transformation, biology, Cas9, Mutant, Computational biology, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Genome, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Genome engineering, 03 medical and health sciences, Transformation (genetics), 030104 developmental biology, Genome editing, CRISPR, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, CRISPR/Cas9, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Genome modifications in microalgae are becoming a widespread and mandatory tool for research in both fundamental and applied biology. Among genome editing methods in these photosynthetic organisms, CRISPR/Cas9 offers a specific, powerful and efficient tool for genome engineering by inducing mutations in targeted regions of the genome. Here we described a protocol that allows the generation of knockout mutants by CRISPR/Cas9 in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum using biolistic transformation.

Published
2018

48. Isolation of Plastid Fractions from the Diatoms Thalassiosira pseudonana and Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Author

Alexander F. Schober, Serena Flori, Carolina Río Bártulos, Peter G. Kroth, Giovanni Finazzi, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, The Laboratory (Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom), Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom (MBA), Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Marechal Eric, Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, biology, Endosymbiosis, Chemistry, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Complex plastid fractionation, biology.organism_classification, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, Chloroplast, Thylakoids, Diatom organelles, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Diatom, Biochemistry, Algae, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Plastid, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; The so-called "complex" plastids from diatoms possessing four envelope membranes are a typical feature of algae that arose from secondary endosymbiosis. Studying isolated plastids from these algae may allow answering a number of fundamental questions regarding diatom photosynthesis and plastid functionality. Due to their complex architecture and their integration into the cellular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) system, their isolation though is still challenging. In this work, we report a reliable isolation technique that is applicable for the two model diatoms Thalassiosira pseudonana and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The resulting plastid-enriched fractions are of homogenous quality, almost free from cellular contaminants, and feature structurally intact thylakoids that are capable to perform oxygenic photosynthesis, though in most cases they seem to lack most of the stromal components as well as plastid envelopes.

Published
2018

49. Quantitative Assessment of the Chloroplast Lipidome

Author

Juliette Jouhet, Valérie Gros, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Marechal Eric, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Cyanobacteria, Sulfolipid, Extraction, Photosynthesis, 2D thin layer chromatography, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Glycolipid, Algae, Quantification, Fatty acid methyl ester, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Gas chromatography, biology, Mass spectrometry, 010401 analytical chemistry, food and beverages, Galactolipids, Lipidome, Lipid, biology.organism_classification, 0104 chemical sciences, Chloroplast, Biochemistry, chemistry, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; In plants and algae, photosynthetic membranes have a unique lipid composition. They differ from all other cellular membranes by their very low amount of phospholipids, besides some phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and high proportion of glycolipids. These glycolipids are the uncharged galactolipids, i.e., monogalactosyldiacylglycerol and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG and DGDG), and an anionic sulfolipid, i.e., sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG). In all photosynthetic membranes analyzed to date, from cyanobacteria to algae, protists, and plants, the lipid quartet constituted by MGDG, DGDG, SQDG, and PG has been highly conserved but the composition in fatty acids of these lipids can vary a lot from an organism to another. To better understand chloroplast biogenesis, it is therefore essential to know their lipid content. Establishing chloroplast lipidome requires first to purify chloroplast from plant or algae tissue. Here we describe the methods to extract lipids, quantify the lipids of the chloroplast, and qualify and quantify the different lipid classes that might be present in these fractions.

Published
2018

50. The Main Functions of Plastids

Author

Lucas Moyet, Daniel Salvi, Marcel Kuntz, Imen Bouchnak, Norbert Rolland, Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Marechal Eric, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG)

Subjects
Proteomics, 0301 basic medicine, Nuclear gene, fungi, Functional redundancy, food and beverages, Plant, Mitochondrion, Biology, Chloroplast, 03 medical and health sciences, Metabolism, 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, Organelle, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Function, Plastid, Function (biology)
Abstract

International audience; Plastids are semiautonomous organelles like mitochondria, and derive from a cyanobacterial ancestor that was engulfed by a host cell. During evolution, they have recruited proteins originating from the nuclear genome, and only parts of their ancestral metabolic properties were conserved and optimized to limit functional redundancy with other cell compartments. Furthermore, large disparities in metabolic functions exist among various types of plastids, and the characterization of their various metabolic properties is far from being accomplished. In this review, we provide an overview of the main functions, known to be achieved by plastids or shared by plastids and other compartments of the cell. In short, plastids appear at the heart of all main plant functions.

Published
2018

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results