Search

Abstract The LRRK2 G2019S pathogenic mutation causes LRRK2-associated Parkinson’s disease (L2PD) with incomplete penetrance. LRRK2 non-manifesting carriers (L2NMC) are at PD high risk but predicting pheno-conversion is challenging given the lack of progression biomarkers. To investigate novel biomarkers for PD premotor stages, we performed a longitudinal microRNA (miRNA) assessment of serum samples from G2019S L2NMC followed-up over 8 years. Our cohort consisted of G2019S L2NMC stratified by dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography (DaT-SPECT) into DaT-negative (n = 20) and DaT-positive L2NMC (n = 20), pheno-converted G2019S L2PD patients (n = 20), idiopathic PD (iPD) (n = 19), and controls (n = 40). We also screened a second cohort of L2PD patients (n = 19) and controls (n = 20) (Total n = 158). Compared to healthy controls, we identified eight deregulated miRNAs in DaT-negative L2NMC, six in DaT-positive L2NMC, and one in L2PD. Between groups, the highest miRNA differences, 24 candidate miRNAs, occurred between DaT-positive L2NMC and L2PD. Longitudinally, we found 11 common miRNAs with sustained variation in DaT-negative and DaT-positive L2NMCs compared to their baselines. Our study identifies novel miRNA alterations in premotor stages of PD co-occurring with progressive DaT-SPECT decline before motor manifestation, whose deregulation seems to attenuate after the diagnosis of L2PD. Moreover, we identified four miRNAs with relatively high discriminative ability (AUC = 0.82) between non-pheno-converted DaT-positive G2019S carriers and pheno-converted L2PD patients (miR-4505, miR-8069, miR-6125, and miR-451a), which hold potential as early progression biomarkers for PD.

Este artículo presenta una reflexión crítica sobre la historiografía dedicada al estudio de las emociones, mostrando su origen, sus logros y sus posibilidades. Para ello, el texto se organiza en tres recorridos que exploran 1) los paradigmas explicativos de lo emocional que más han influido en los planteamientos historiográficos; 2) el interés que los afectos han suscitado en la historiografía contemporaneísta desde principios del siglo XX hasta la llegada del llamado «giro afectivo»; y 3) la pluralidad de enfoques teóricos y categorías de análisis que los historiadores de las emociones han ido ofreciendo en las últimas décadas. Teniendo todo ello en cuenta, este artículo defiende lo oportuno de poner a dialogar la historia de las emociones con diferentes categorías de análisis, como el género o la raza, y lo ventajoso de abordar estos estudios desde otros enfoques, como la historia biográfica.

Introduction In recent years, multiple studies have aimed to develop and validate portable technological devices capable of monitoring the motor complications of Parkinson’s disease patients (Parkinson’s Holter). The effectiveness of these monitoring devices for improving clinical control is not known.Methods and analysis This is a single-blind, cluster-randomised controlled clinical trial. Neurologists from Spanish health centres will be randomly assigned to one of three study arms (1:1:1): (a) therapeutic adjustment using information from a Parkinson’s Holter that will be worn by their patients for 7 days, (b) therapeutic adjustment using information from a diary of motor fluctuations that will be completed by their patients for 7 days and (c) therapeutic adjustment using clinical information collected during consultation. It is expected that 162 consecutive patients will be included over a period of 6 months.The primary outcome is the efficiency of the Parkinson’s Holter compared with traditional clinical practice in terms of Off time reduction with respect to the baseline (recorded through a diary of motor fluctuations, which will be completed by all patients). As secondary outcomes, changes in variables related to other motor complications (dyskinesia and freezing of gait), quality of life, autonomy in activities of daily living, adherence to the monitoring system and number of doctor–patient contacts will be analysed. The noninferiority of the Parkinson’s Holter against the diary of motor fluctuations in terms of Off time reduction will be studied as the exploratory objective.Ethics and dissemination approval for this study has been obtained from the Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge Ethics Committee. The results of this study will inform the practical utility of the objective information provided by a Parkinson’s Holter and, therefore, the convenience of adopting this technology in clinical practice and in future clinical trials. We expect public dissemination of the results in 2022.Trial registration NCT04176302; https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT04176302

The problem concerning facilities delocation in the retail sector is addressed in this paper by proposing a novel mixed 0-1 linear optimization model. For this purpose, the aim of the problem is to decide whether to close existing stores or consider an alternative type of store management policy aimed at optimizing the profit of the entire retail network. Each management policy has a different repercussion on the final profit of the stores due to the different margins obtained from the customers. Furthermore, closing stores can cause customers to leave the whole retail network according to their behavior. This behavior is brought about through their tendency to abandon this network. There are capacity constraints imposed depending on the number of stores that should stay open and cease operation costs, customer behavior and final prices. These constraints depend on the type of management policy implemented by the store. Due to the commercial requirements concerning customer behavior, a set of non-linear constraints appears in the definition of the model. Classical Fortet inequalities are used in order to linearize the constraints and, therefore, obtain a mixed 0-1 linear optimization model. As a result of the size of the network, border constraints have been imposed to obtain results in a reasonable computing time. The model implementation is done by introducing smart sets of indices to reduce the number of constraints and variables. Finally, the computational results are presented using data from a real-world case study and, additionally, a set of computational experiments using data randomly generated as shown.

Recent records of bird species in the Colombian Andes have shown that this region is not as well known as was previously believed. We compiled data from a major collection of Colombian birds and from our recent field observations to complement the bird species list of Quindío department. We report the addition of 14 species to Quindío’s checklist and data of museum vouchers for 12 species reported only from field observations. The majority of additions were from localities below 1,900 m above sea level, a zone that has been highly transformed by human activities. Our dataset, and other information, raised the number of bird species in Quindío to 560. This information must be considered in decisions about the land use in this region of the Colombian Andes.

A través del recuerdo de experiencias personales y de un diálogo con el libro de memorias de Juan Carlos Garavaglia, Una juventud en los años sesenta, los autores reflexionan sobre los problemas que lo preocuparon, como historiador y como hombre comprometido con la realidad social de su tiempo. El diálogo se ensaya en torno a los temas de investigación propios de los autores de este texto: la utopía, entendida como impulso político hacia el futuro antes que como un específico género literario; y la otredad de un pueblo históricamente castigado por la exclusión, como es el gitano; a los que se suma la referencia a una visión no convencional del Estado. Destacan el pluralismo cultural y la tolerancia intelectual de Juan Carlos; proponiendo saltar las mismas barreras contra las que él había batallado: aquellas interpuestas por los “nacionalismos”, las “racionalidades absolutas” o el pretendido “fin de la historia”.

RESUMEN La seguridad frente a desastres constituye un elemento esencial en la planificación global de todo centro sanitario. Conseguir responder con contundencia ante un incidente adverso aun disponiendo de recursos limitados, así como hacerlo de manera organizada resulta de vital importancia para minimizar los daños. Las unidades de cuidados intensivos plantean situaciones excepcionales dentro de los centros que merecen un análisis en profundidad. Objetivo: Evaluar las aptitudes y el conocimiento autopercibido del personal de enfermería de cuidados intensivos polivalentes frente a un desastre interno en un hospital de tercer nivel. Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en el personal de enfermería de cuidados intensivos polivalentes durante el mes de marzo de 2015. Se diseñó un cuestionario autoaplicable basado en aspectos relevantes repetitivos en la literatura sobre desastres hospitalarios. El estudio fue aprobado previamente por el Comité Ético de Investigación del centro analizado. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante el programa SPSS v.22 para Windows PC. Resultados: El 86.65% no tiene formación en desastres hospitalarios, un 97% desconoce el plan de emergencia hospitalario, el 82.1% desconoce las vías de evacuación. Los profesionales con mayor experiencia laboral se sentirían capaces de proporcionar soporte vital avanzado en ausencia de médico en situación de desastre (p=0.033). Conclusiones: Existe una formación deficiente en materia de desastres internos hospitalarios. Los ejercicios de simulación y la interdisciplinariedad se postulan como la mejor opción de trabajo en pro de la seguridad hospitalaria.

INTRODUCTION: The emotional interaction between personal attributes and the environment is a key element to understand aggression. This study identified emotional responses of people with different aggressive traits to pictures with a specific affective content.METHODS:Three hundred fifteen individuals were divided into five groups according to their scores on the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, which consists of 24 pictures of the International Affective Picture System that depict aggression, the suffering of others, filial situations, and sexual content. Each picture was evaluated for valence, arousal, and dominance using the Self-Assessment Manikin scale.RESULTS:Sexual pictures were more appetitive and associated with more arousal in the groups of individuals with some aggression-related dimension than in the non-aggressive group.CONCLUSIONS: A strong interaction was found between aggressive traits (e.g., verbal aggression, physical aggression, anger, and hostility) and pictures with a sexual content. This interaction is decisive in understanding the later phases of aggressive behaviors and sexual aggression.

Este artículo se sitúa en una encrucijada historiográfica en la que la historia de las emociones se combina con otros enfoques con el objeto de indagar en las claves culturales profundas de la acción política. No entiende la historia de las emociones tanto como un campo específico de estudio sino antes bien como una sensibilidad analítica que puede ser empleada transversalmente y potenciada con los aportes de otros enfoques. Desde estos planteamientos, se aproxima al Romanticismo como un “régimen emocional”, tomando pero a la vez discutiendo el concepto acuñado por William Reddy. En este marco, se considera la masculinidad como una cuestión fundamental en la configuración del orden político y sentimental liberal posrevolucionario, analizándose algunos espacios de creación de la virilidad burguesa. En la última parte del artículo, se confronta el conjunto de normativas que configuran este régimen con las líneas de fisura y fractura existentes en paralelo a su misma imposición. Para ello, se extraen de la historia biográfica algunas preguntas y posibles respuestas sobre los factores culturales que posibilitaron el desbordamiento y superación de este régimen emocional, apuntando finalmente una interpretación sobre el Romanticismo como estilo emocional.

Copyright of Saúde e Sociedade is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Saude Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)