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Objective To investigate the impact of the RNA-binding protein with multiple splicing(RBPMS), which has multiple splicing functions, on the function of acute myeloid leukemia cells line THP-1 carrying the MLL-AF9 fusion gene. Methods The expression of RBPMS in the hematopoietic system was analyzed using the GEO database; RBPMS over-expression in THP-1 cells was achieved through lentiviral infection. The efficiency was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot; The effect of RBPMS over-expression on the THP-1 cell transcriptome was evaluated by high-throughput sequencing. The impact of RBPMS over-expression on the proliferation and migration of leukemia cells was examined using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Results RBPMS expressed in acute myeloid leukemia stem cells carrying the MLL-AF9 fusion gene was found to be inhibited. Over-expression of RBPMS significantly reduced the proliferation and migration of THP-1 cells. Conclusions RBPMS inhibits cell proliferation and migration of acute myeloid leukemia cells line carrying the MLL-AF9 fusion gene.

Objective To explore the effect of enolase1 (ENO1) expression on maintaining the self-renewal activity of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and reveals its mechanism. Methods RNAs and proteins bound to ENO1 were predicted and analyzed through Gene Oncology (GO) enrichment. Endogenous expression of ENO1 was inhibited by shRNA in hESCs. The colony forming of hESCs was examined by clonogenesis and alkaline phosphatase (AP) staining experiments. The pluripotency and differentiation marker gene expression in hESCs were detected by qPCR. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to detect the localization changes of poly (A) + RNAs. Results Inhibition of ENO1 endogenous expression significantly inhibited colony forming of hESCs (P＜0.05)and the expression of differentiation marker genes was increased (P＜0.001). Localization of poly(A)+ RNA changed from cytoplasm to nucleus (P＜0.01) with ENO1 inhibition. Conclusions ENO1 regulates the activity of hESCsself-renew by regulating mRNA localization.

Strand-selection is the final step of microRNA biogenesis in which functional mature miRNAs are generated from one or both arms of precursor. The preference of strand-selection is diverse during development and tissue formation, however, its pathological effect is still unknown. Here we find that two miRNA arms from the same precursor, miR-574-5p and miR-574-3p, are inversely expressed and play exactly opposite roles in gastric cancer progression. Higher-5p with lower-3p expression pattern is significantly correlated with higher TNM stages and poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients. The increase of miR-574-5p/-3p ratio, named miR-574 arm-imbalance is partially due to the dynamic expression of their highly complementary targets in gastric carcinogenesis, moreover, the arm-imbalance of miR-574 is in turn involved and further promotes gastric cancer progression. Our results indicate that miR-574 arm-imbalance contribute to gastric cancer progression and re-modification of the miR-574-targets homeostasis may represent a promising strategy for gastric cancer therapy.

Protein methylation is a functionally important post-translational modification that occurs on diverse amino acid residues. The current proteomics approaches are inefficient to discover the methylation on residues other than Arg and Lys, which hinders the deep understanding of the functional role of rare protein methylation. Herein, we present a methyl-specific metabolic labeling approach for global methylome mapping, which enable the acquisition of methylome dataset covering diverse methylation types. Interestingly, of the identified methylation events, His methylation is found to be preferably occurred in C3H1 zinc fingers (ZFs). These His methylation events are determined to be Nπ specific and catalyzed by CARNMT1. The His methylation is found to stabilize the structure of ZFs. U2AF1 is used as a proof-of-concept to highlight the functional importance of His methylation in ZFs in RNA binding and RNA metabolism. The results of this study enable novel understanding of how protein methylation regulates cellular processes. Here the authors developed a methyl-specific metabolic labeling approach for global analysis covering diverse methylation types. His methylation is found in C3H1 zinc fingers. U2AF1 is used to highlight the role of His methylation in ZFs in RNA metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: Convenient non‐invasive flow monitoring would facilitate the operation and control in microfluidic chips, but is challenging due to the small space of microchannels and complex operation required in traditional optical methods. In this work, we propose a novel non‐invasive strategy to probe microfluidic flows via streaming potential phenomenon. By sealing one side of the microchannel with a piece of hydrogel film, streaming potential inside the channel can be clearly detected by electrodes at outer surface of the hydrogel due to ion diffusion in the hydrogel. Flow is detected without sensors contacting with the internal liquid. Moreover, the electrodes shape like a tiny probe, which can move around mapping the flow distribution in a chip with the spatial resolution of 1 mm and flow rate detection limit of 3 μL·min–1. Bubbles inside the channels can also be detected, due to the fluctuation of streaming voltage when gas‐liquid interface flows through the electrode, showing an easy and potential way for multi‐functional flow monitoring in microfluidic chips. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: Convenient non‐invasive flow monitoring would facilitate the operation and control in microfluidic chips, but is challenging due to the small space of microchannels and complex operation required in traditional optical methods. In this work, we propose a novel non‐invasive strategy to probe microfluidic flows via streaming potential phenomenon. By sealing one side of the microchannel with a piece of hydrogel film, streaming potential inside the channel can be clearly detected by electrodes at outer surface of the hydrogel due to ion diffusion in the hydrogel. Flow is detected without sensors contacting with the internal liquid. Moreover, the electrodes shape like a tiny probe, which can move around mapping the flow distribution in a chip with the spatial resolution of 1 mm and flow rate detection limit of 3 μL·min–1. Bubbles inside the channels can also be detected, due to the fluctuation of streaming voltage when gas‐liquid interface flows through the electrode, showing an easy and potential way for multi‐functional flow monitoring in microfluidic chips. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]