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Qi-Hao Yao, Ze-Hu Liu Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ze-Hu Liu, Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, West Lake Road 38, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-571-87827181, Email zehuliu@yahoo.comAbstract: Rosacea is a common dermatosis with multiple pathogeneses, among which, rosacea fulminans may serve as a rare but severe subtype. This inflammatory disease usually presents as abrupt multiple erythema, pustules, and nodules localized on the face. Pregnancy and related changes of hormone levels may play a key role in the development and progression of the disease, although the exact mechanisms are unknown. In particular, treatment options, which includes systemic glucocorticosteroids, isotretinoin, and partial oral antibiotics, may be limited in pregnancy. Owing to the limited number of reported cases, standard diagnosis, treatment, and management guidelines remain unclear. Here, we report a case of rosacea fulminans happening in pregnancy treated successfully with oral erythromycin and short-term glucocorticosteroids, and share our review of the characteristics of RF cases during pregnancy.Keywords: rosacea fulminans, erythromycin, dermatology, pregnancy, ocular involvements

Ying Lu,* Ze-Hui Liu,* Ying-Xiang Li, Hui-Ling Xu, Wei-Huan Fang, Fang He Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Fang He, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China, Email hefangzj@zju.edu.cnBackground: Dendritic cell (DC) targeted antigen delivery is a promising strategy to enhance vaccine efficacy and delivery of therapeutics. Self-assembling peptide-based nanoparticles and virus-like particles (VLPs) have attracted extensive interest as non-replicating vectors for nanovaccine design, based on their unique properties, including molecular specificity, biodegradability and biocompatibility. DCs are specialized antigen-presenting cells involved in antigen capture, processing, and presentation to initiate adaptive immune responses. Using DC-specific ligands for targeted delivery of antigens to DCs may be utilized as a promising strategy to drive efficient and strong immune responses.Methods: In this study, several candidates for DC-binding peptides (DCbps) were individually integrated into C-terminal of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) Cap, a viral protein that could self-assemble into icosahedral VLPs with 60 subunits. The immunostimulatory adjuvant activity of DC-targeted VLPs was further evaluated in a vaccine model of PCV2 Cap.Results: With transmission electron microscopy (TEM), E. coli expressed Cap-DCbp fusion proteins were observed self-assembled into highly ordered VLPs. Further, in dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis, chimeric VLPs exhibited similar particle size uniformity and narrow size distribution as compared to wild type Cap VLPs. With a distinctly higher targeting efficiency, DCbp3 integrated Cap VLPs (Cap-DCbp3) displayed enhanced antigen uptake and increased elicitation of antigen presentation-related factors in BM-DCs. Mice subcutaneously immunized with Cap-DCbp3 VLPs exhibited significantly higher levels of Cap-specific antibodies, neutralizing antibodies and intracellular cytokines than those with other DCbp integrated or wild type Cap VLPs without any DCbp. Interestingly, Cap-DCbp3 VLPs vaccine induces robust cellular immune response profile, including the efficient production of IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-10. Meanwhile, the improved proliferation index in lymphocytes with Cap-DCbp3 was also detected as compared to other VLPs.Conclusion: This study described the potential of DC-binding peptides for further improved antigen delivery and vaccine efficacy, explainning nanovaccine optimization in relation to a range of emerging and circulating infectious pathogens.Keywords: dendritic cell-targeted delivery, self-assembling peptide-based nanoparticles, virus-like particles, nanovaccine, enhanced immunogenicity

Zhi-Jia Li,1 Da-Ya Wang,1 Zhi-Hu Liu2 1Department of Urology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Urology, Bei Da Huang Industry Group General Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150088, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhi-Hu LiuDepartment of Urology, Bei Da Huang Industry Group General Hospital, No. 235, Hashuang Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150088, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-15804508010Email liuzhihu208@163.comObjective: Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system, with an incidence ranking the first in the urinary system. Without timely and effective treatment, the tumor may spread to other parts of the body. Traditional partial cystectomy (PC) and plasmakinetic transurethral resection of bladder tumor (PKRBT) are common surgical methods for superficial bladder cancer (SBC). This study aims to clarify the clinical efficacy of bladder carcinoma (BC) patients treated by either PC or PKRBT and their effects on the quality of life (QOL) of patients.Methods: A total of 142 patients with SBC treated in Wenzhou Central Hospital and Bei da huang Industry Group General Hospital from March 2018 to June 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the surgical method, patients undergoing PKRBT were included in the research group (n = 74) while those treated by PC were included in the control group (n = 69). Surgical indicators (intraoperative blood loss, IBL; operating time, OT; bladder irrigation time; catheter retention time; length of hospital stay, LOS), postoperative complication rate, and one-year recurrence rate were compared between the two groups. Besides, the levels of inflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10], psychological and emotional scores (Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, SAS; Self-Rating Depression Scale, SDS), and living conditions (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) before and after treatment were compared.Results: Compared with the control group, patients in the research group had 1) less IBL, less time of OT, bladder irrigation and indwelling catheter time, as well as shorter postoperative LOS; 2) lower contents of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8, and higher IL-10; 3) lower SAS and SDS scores and higher PSQI; and 4) fewer postoperative complications and lower one-year recurrence rate.Conclusion: Compared with PC, PKRBT contributes to higher efficacy and better postoperative QOL in patients SBC.Keywords: partial cystectomy, plasmakinetic transurethral resection of bladder tumor, superficial bladder cancer, inflammatory factors, SAS, SDS, PSQI

Zhi-He Liu,1 Lin Zhang,2 Fan-Jing Jing,1 Shu-Xin Xiao,1 Yan Gao,1 Hai-Yan Bian,1 Xia Zhao1 1Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xia ZhaoDepartment of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Shinan District, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +8653282911201Email alice-xia@163.comPurpose: The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the progression of many diseases has been increasingly recognized. However, the function of this molecular assembly in the development and progression of B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma remains unclear.Patients and Methods: In this study, we investigated the polymorphisms in the NLRP3 inflammasome associated genes in 281 patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and 385 age- and gender-matched healthy controls.Results: We found that IL-18 (rs1946518) and NFκB-94 ins/del (rs28362491) contributed to susceptibility to B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Specifically, the allele “G” in IL-18 (rs1946518) and allele “ins” in NFκB-94 ins/del (rs28362491) were significantly associated with the risk of disease. The AA genotype of CARD8 (rs2043211) and the higher level of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) led to statistically poorer B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma survival. Less frequent genotype TT of CARD8 (rs2043211) was observed in patients with higher LDH level, clinical stages III–IV of disease, and IPI 3– 5, although the relationship did not reach statistical significance. However, IPI is an independent prognostic factor for B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.Conclusion: IL-18 (rs1946518) and NFκB-94 ins/del (rs28362491) gene polymorphisms appear to be the factors influencing the risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. CARD8 (rs2043211) polymorphisms are important factors for the survival of patients with this disease.Keywords: NLRP3, inflammasome, B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, susceptibility, survival

Jin-Kai Feng,1,* Ju-Xian Sun,1,* Zong-Han Liu,1,* Jing-Wen Gu,2,* Zhen-Hua Chen,3 Chang Liu,1 Wei-Xing Guo,1 Jie Shi,1 Shu-Qun Cheng1 1Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial Armed Police Corps Hospital, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shu-Qun ChengDepartment of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 21- 81875251Fax +86 21- 65562400Email chengshuqun@aliyun.comBackground: The occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with bile duct tumor thrombus (BDTT) is rare. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for patients with unresectable HCC with BDTT.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on newly diagnosed HCC and BDTT patients who were initially treated with TACE or conservative management (CM) from 2009 to 2018. Survival outcomes of patients treated with TACE were compared with those of patients given CM. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors related to survival.Results: Out of 100 patients included in this study, 40 patients underwent TACE, while the remaining 60 received CM. The median survival time of the TACE group was 8.0 months longer than that of the CM group (13.0 versus 5.0 months, P < 0.001). The 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-month overall survival (OS) rates were 90.0%, 52.5%, 22.5%, and 12.5%, respectively, for the TACE group compared with 26.7%, 8.3%, 5.0%, and 3.3%, respectively, for the CM group. Multivariate analyses showed that treatment allocation (hazard ratio [HR], 0.421; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.243– 0.730; P = 0.002), Child–Pugh status (HR, 2.529; 95% CI, 1.300– 4.920; P = 0.006) and total bilirubin level (HR, 1.007; 95% CI, 1.004– 1.009; P < 0.001) on first admission were independent predictors of OS. There was no procedure-related mortality within one month after TACE treatment.Conclusion: TACE is a safe and effective treatment method that may improve the OS of patients with unresectable HCC with BDTT.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, bile duct tumor thrombus, transarterial chemoembolization, conservative management, overall survival

Zheng-Hong Liu,1 Cheng-Xi Yang,1 Lei Zhang,1 Cong-Ying Yang,1 Xiu-Quan Xu2 1Department of Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222061, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Cheng-Xi YangDepartment of Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222061, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail fengw125@126.comXiu-Quan XuSchool of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301, Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail xxq781026@ujs.edu.cnBackground: Baicalein, a natural flavonoid derived from traditional Chinese herb Scutellaria baicalensis Georg (known as Huang Qin in Chinese), has been reported to exhibit notable antitumor activity in various cancer cells, including breast cancer. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying its induced apoptosis as a prooxidant in breast cancer cells are still unknown.Materials and methods: In this study, we investigated the effect of endogenous copper on cytotoxic activity of baicalin against human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro.Results: Baicalein could remarkably reduce the cell viability in both dose- and time-dependent manners in MCF-7 cells but with lower cytotoxic effects on normal breast epithelial cells, MCF-10A. Such cell death could be prevented by pretreatment with Cu (I)-specific chelator neocuproine (Neo) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers. Meanwhile, baicalein could induce MCF-7 cell morphological changes, promote apoptotic cell death and increase the apoptotic cell number. Moreover, DCHF-DA staining, flow cytometry and Western blotting analyses proved that baicalein triggered the mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway, as indicated by enhancement the level of intracellular ROS, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), downregulation of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, upregulation of pro-apoptotic protein Bax, release of cytochrome C and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 in MCF-7 cells. The pretreatment with Neo remarkably weakened these effects of baicalein. Furthermore, we confirmed that the prooxidant action of baicalein involved the direct production of hydroxyl radicals through redox recycling of copper ions.Conclusion: These findings suggested that baicalein, acting as a prooxidant, could trigger apoptosis in MCF-7 cells occurs via the ROS-mediated intrinsic mitochondria-dependent pathway.Keywords: baicalein, human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, apoptosis, mitochondria-dependent pathways, prooxidant

Mingzhi Xie,1 Yufeng Lv,2 Zhihui Liu,1 Jingyan Zhang,1 Chaoyong Liang,1 Xiaoli Liao,1 Rong Liang,1 Yan Lin,1 Yongqiang Li1 1First Department of Chemotherapy, Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China; 2Department of Oncology, Affiliated Langdong Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China Purpose: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common cancers with high mortality worldwide. However, biomarkers for predicting prognosis in ccRCC are limited. In this study, we attempted to identify potential prognostic biomarkers of ccRCC. Methods: Clinical information and the preprocessed ccRCC mature miRNA expression profiles in The Cancer Genome Atlas database were downloaded from UCSC Xena. The miRNAs differentially expressed between ccRCCs and matched normal tissues were analyzed using the “limma” package. A miRNA-based signature was constructed using the multivariate Cox regression model with prognosis index (PI) formula. Patients with ccRCC were divided into low-risk and high-risk subgroups according to median PI. The survival times were compared between the two groups using Kaplan–Meier analysis with log-rank test. The training set was used to construct a miRNA-based signature for predicting prognosis. The test set was used to verify the signature. Target gene prediction and functional enrichment analysis of the four miRNAs were performed using miRNet. Results: We identified four miRNAs, miRNA-21-5p, miRNA-9-5p, miR-149-5p, and miRNA-30b-5p, as independent prognostic indicators. Next, we used these four miRNAs to construct a four-miRNA PI for each patient. Results revealed that patients in the high-risk group (n=119) had significantly shorter survival time than those in the low-risk group (n=118) (high-risk/low-risk group log-rank P=0.000). This four-miRNA signature is an independent prognostic factor compared with routine clinicopathological features in the test set. These miRNAs targeted 1,634 genes, and a miRNA-target gene network was constructed using miRNet. The target genes of these four miRNAs were involved in various pathways related to cancer. Conclusion: Our observations suggest that the four-miRNA signature correlated with the survival of patients with ccRCC and can be used as a prognostic biomarker of ccRCC. Keywords: ccRCC, miRNA signature, overall survival, prognostic biomarkers

Zhihua Liu, Yan Cai, Jincai He Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China Purpose: Although previous studies have investigated oxidative stress biomarkers in association with depression in non-stroke subjects, the association between oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid damage and post-stroke depression (PSD) remains unelucidated. Patients and methods: Two hundred forty-one first-ever ischemic stroke patients were consecutively recruited within the first 24 h of stroke onset and were followed up at 1 month. Serum 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and catalase (CAT) levels were measured within 24 h of admission using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale was used to evaluate depressive symptoms. Diagnosis of PSD was made in line with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition criteria for depression. Results: Serum levels of 8-OHdG (P

Zihao Liu, Ying Liang, Honghua Wang, Zhenhe Lu, Jinsheng Chen, Qiaodong Huang, Lei Sheng, Yinghong Ma, Huiying Du, Qingjuan GongDepartment of Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China Abstract: Neuropathic pain is a common and refractory chronic pain that affects millions of people worldwide. Its underlying mechanisms are still unclear, but they may involve long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which play crucial roles in a variety of biological functions, including nociception. We used microarrays to investigate the possible interactions between lncRNAs and neuropathic pain and identified 22,213 lncRNAs and 19,528 mRNAs in the spinal cord in a mouse model of spared nerve injury (SNI)-induced neuropathic pain. The abundance levels of 183 lncRNAs and 102 mRNAs were significantly modulated by both SNI and administration of minocycline. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis validated expression changes in three lncRNAs (NR_015491, ENSMUST00000174263, and ENSMUST00000146263). Class distribution analysis of differentially expressed lncRNAs revealed intergenic lncRNAs as the largest category. Functional analysis indicated that SNI-induced gene regulations might be involved in the activities of cytokines (IL17A and IL17F) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL5, and CCL7), whereas minocycline might exert a pain-alleviating effect on mice through actin binding, thereby regulating nociception by controlling the cytoskeleton. Thus, lncRNAs might be responsible for SNI-induced neuropathic pain and the attenuation caused by minocycline. Our study could implicate lncRNAs as potential targets for future treatment of neuropathic pain. Keywords: LncRNA, neuropathic pain, spinal cord, minocycline

Jin-Kai Feng, Ju-Xian Sun, Zong-Han Liu, Shu-Qun Cheng Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shu-Qun ChengEastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 21-81875251Fax +86 21-65562400Email chengshuqun@aliyun.com Dear editorWe read with great interest the recently published article in Cancer Management and Research by Yang et al, 1 in which they conducted a retrospective study to compare the long-term prognosis between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) and those with bile duct tumor thrombus (BDTT). The authors reported that HCC patients with BDTT had worse overall survival (OS) and a higher tumor recurrence rate compared to patients with PVTT. This article, with its novelty and clinical implication, adds to the current knowledge and provides the rationale for further study to assess the prognostic differences among HCC patients with distinct types of tumor thrombus. However, we would like to raise the following concerns.First, the number of patients in this study is too small to draw a conclusive result regarding whether the prognosis of BDTT patients is inferior or superior to that of PVTT patients. Sufficient sample size is a critical factor to guarantee the validity and credibility of scientific reports. Therefore, we suggest the authors enlarge the sample size. View the original paper by Yang and colleaguesA Response to Letter has been published for this article.

Nan Jiang,1,2 Pinggong Du,2 Weidong Qu,2 Lin Li,2 Zhonghao Liu,2 Songsong Zhu1 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 2Yantai City Stomatological Hospital, Yantai, People’s Republic of China Abstract: For several decades, titanium and its alloys have been commonly utilized for endosseous implantable materials, because of their good mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and biocompatibility. But associated low bone mass, wear and loss characteristics, and high coefficients of friction have limited their long-term stable performance, especially in certain abnormal bone-metabolism conditions, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment and TiO2 nanoporous modification on the stability of titanium implants in osteoporotic bone. After surface morphology, topographical structure, and chemical changes of implant surface had been detected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy, contact-angle measurement, and X-ray diffraction, we firstly assessed in vivo the effect of PRP treatment on osseointegration of TiO2-modified implants in ovariectomized rats by microcomputed tomography examinations, histology, biomechanical testing, and SEM observation. Meanwhile, the potential molecular mechanism involved in peri-implant osseous enhancement was also determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that this TiO2-modified surface was able to lead to improve bone implant contact, while PRP treatment was able to increase the implant surrounding bone mass. The synergistic effect of both was able to enhance the terminal force of implants drastically in biomechanical testing. Compared with surface modification, PRP treatment promoted earlier osteogenesis with increased expression of the RUNX2 and COL1 genes and suppressed osteoclastogenesis with increased expression of OPG and decreased levels of RANKL. These promising results show that PRP treatment combined with a TiO2-nanomodified surface can improve titanium-implant biomechanical stability in ovariectomized rats, suggesting a beneficial effect to support the success of implants in osteoporotic bone. Keywords: TiO2 nanotubes, PRP, titanium implants, ovariectomized rats

Wei-Wei Tang,1 Zi-Hao Liu,2 Tong-Xin Yang,2 Han-Jin Wang,1 Xiu-Feng Cao2 1Department of General Surgery, 2Department of Surgical Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Esophageal cancer is a common type of cancer in the People’s Republic of China. Many genes have been reported to be linked with it. Melanoma antigen gene family A (MAGEA) genes are frequently highly expressed in various types of carcinoma. However, the specific role of MAGEA gene expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) still remains unclear. MAGEA4 is a member of MAGEA genes. We aimed to investigate the expression and prognosis of MAGEA4 expression in ESCC. MAGEA4 messenger RNA expression levels of 120 pairs of tumor and nontumor tissues of patients with ESCC were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that MAGEA4 messenger RNA was significantly elevated in tumor tissues of patients with ESCC compared to nontumor ones. In addition, overexpression of MAGEA4 messenger RNA was significantly correlated with poorer overall survival (P=0.018) in early stage of patients with ESCC (I–IIA). In conclusion, MAGEA4 played an important role in the early stage of ESCC and overexpression of MAGEA4 was expected to become a potential prognostic marker for patients with early stage of ESCC. Keywords: ESCC, metastasis, expression, survival, prognosis

Qi-ping Zeng,* Zhi-hong Liu,* Ai-wen Huang, Jing Zhang, Hong-tao Song Department of Pharmacy, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command PLA, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: The pharmacological activity of herbal medicine is an overall action of each component in accordance with their original proportion. An efficient, sustained, and controlled-release drug delivery system of herbal medicine should ensure the synchronized drug release of each active component during the entire release procedure. In this study, silymarin (SM), a poorly soluble herbal medicine, was selected as a model drug to develop a synchronized-release drug delivery system: an SM microporous osmotic pump (MPOP) tablet. The SM was conjugated with phospholipid (SM phytosome complex, SM-PC) to improve the solubility, and the difference in the apparent octanol–water partition coefficient between the two components was significantly reduced. The dissolution rate of SM-PC was significantly higher than SM active pharmaceutical ingredients and was the same as that of the commercial SM capsule. The SM-PC was used to generate the MPOP tablet. SM was mixed with poly(ethylene) oxide and sodium chloride (an osmotic agent) to form the MPOP core, followed by coating with cellulose acetate and poly(ethylene) oxide to generate the SM MPOP. The results demonstrated that SM MPOP could synchronically and sustainably release the five active components within 12 hours (the similar coefficient f2 between two components was >65), and the average cumulative release rate was 85%. Fitting of the drug-release curve showed a zero-order release profile for SM MPOP. Our study showed that the phytosome complex technique combined with the MPOP system will achieve synchronized release of the various active components of herbal medicine and have potential applications in developing sustained release preparations in herbal medicine. Keywords: silymarin, synchronized release, sustained release, phytosome complex, microporous osmotic pump tablets, dissolution test

Hao-Ting Sun,1,2,* Xin Wen,3,* Tian Han,4,* Zhen-Hua Liu,5 Shao-Bo Li,1 Ji-Gang Wang,1 Xiu-Ping Liu61Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 2Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 3Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Canton, Guangdong Province, 4Key Lab of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 5Urology Department and Institute of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 6Department of Pathology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workAims: Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding proteins (CPEBs) are RNA-binding proteins that regulate translation by inducing cytoplasmic polyadenylation. CPEB4 has been reported in association with tumor growth, vascularization, and invasion in several cancers. To date, the expression of CPEB4 with clinical prognosis of breast cancer was never reported before. We aim to investigate the expression of CPEB4 and its prognostic significance in invasive ductal breast carcinoma.Methods: Immunohistochemical staining of CPEB4 and estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor was performed in 107 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) samples, and prognostic significance was evaluated.Results: High expression of CPEB4 was observed in 48.6% of IDC samples. Elevated CPEB4 expression was possibly related to increased histological grading (P=0.037) and N stage (P

Wei-Wei Tang,1,* Qingquan Wu,3,* Su-Qing Li,1 Yu-Suo Tong,1 Zi-Hao Liu,1 Tong-Xin Yang,1 Yong Xu,1,2 Xiu-Feng Cao1 1Department of Surgical Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, 2Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huaian No 1 People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China *Indicates both are first authors Abstract: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), transcripts as longer than 200 nt in length with a great number of varieties in human genomics, play important roles in the regulation of genetics and epigenetics including gene transcription and post-transcription. Increasing evidence have demonstrated the upregulation of lncRNAs in tumorigenesis and metastasis of esophageal cancer (EC), a type of malignant tumors particularly in Asia. In this review, we briefly discuss the profiles and functions of lncRNAs involved in the progression of EC, which may provide a new approach to improve EC diagnosis and treatment. Keywords: long non-coding RNAs, esophageal cancer, biomarker, review

Liangpeng Ge,1–5,* Qingtao Li,2,3,* Junzi Jiang,2,3 Xiaoyan You,1 Zuohua Liu,1 Wen Zhong,6 Yong Huang,1 Malcolm MQ Xing2,31Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; 3Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; 4Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture,Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 5Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Textile Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada*These authors contributed equally to this workAbstract: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a serious health issue affecting many adult women. Complications of POP include pelvic pressure, pelvic pain, and problems in emptying their bowels or bladder. Sometimes, POP may even cause urinary outflow obstruction and lead to bladder or kidney infections. Currently, synthetic and naturally derived materials have been chosen for treatment of POP to reduce the high recurrence rates after surgical interventions. However, existing materials for POP treatment cannot meet the clinical requirements in terms of biocompatibility, mechanics, and minimal risk of rejection. Especially, erosion in synthetic polymers and rapid degradation in natural polymers limit their further applications in clinics. To address these concerns, we report a novel POP replacement using core–sheath polystyrene/gelatin electrospun nanofiber mesh. The outside gelatin sheath provides a hydrophilic surface and implantable integrity between host and guest, while the inner PS core offers the necessary mechanical support. The composite mesh shows graft accommodation in pelvic submucosa after implantation in vivo, as shown in hematoxylin–eosin staining and T helper cell phenotype and macrophage phenotype stainings. Qualitative analysis of inducible nitric oxide synthase, arginase, interferon-γ, and interleukin-10 gene expressions also indicates that the implanted composite mesh switches to accommodation mode 2 weeks postimplantation. Thus, these novel core–sheath polystyrene/gelatin nanofibrous membranes are promising in pelvic reconstruction.Keywords: core-sheath nanofibrous patch, polystyrene, gelatin, pelvic reconstruction

CABYR is a protein that regulates calcium-binding tyrosine phosphorylation located in sperm flagella, which increases significantly during sperm capacitation and is primarily involved in sperm capacitation and motility. This study aimed to analyze the expression regulation pattern, sequence characteristics and potential biological function of CABYR gene in Banna mini-pig inbred line (BMI). The testes of adult BMI boars were used for RNA-seq; the complete coding sequence of CABYR was cloned; the sequence, structural characteristics, interacting proteins, KEGG and GO of CABYR were analyzed; the ceRNA regulatory network of CABYR was built using RNA-seq data. The average expression level and TPM value of CABYR gene obtained by RNA-seq was 11 187.50 and 225.29, respectively. The full-length CDS of CABYR was 1149 bp (GenBank accession number: OK042309) encoding 382 amino acids (GenBank login number: UYO37316). The amino acid sequence alignment analysis of multiple species revealed that the similarity between BMI and other species exceeded 73%, indicating a relatively conserved sequence. The CABYR protein was found to contain the DD_CABYR_SP17 conserved domain, the results of species phylogenetic tree analysis met the clustering criteria. Other analyses, including protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, KEGG, and GO, revealed that BMI CABYR interacts with 50 proteins involved in a variety of functions, such as sexual reproduction and reproductive processes. CABYR was involved in 7 GOs, including five cellular components, one molecular functions, and one biological processes, according to functional annotation. Six miRNAs were found to regulate the CABYR gene via targeted interactions. Additionally, 8, 6, and 1 lncRNAs were found to interact with ssc-miR-4331-3p, ssc-miR-744, and ssc-miR-491, respectively, in association with CABYR. This study examines the expression of CABYR in the testis of BMI, as well as its molecular structure characteristics and expression regulatory network. These findings provide a foundation for future research on the involvement of the CABYR gene in spermatogenesis processes in BMI pigs, particularly in relation to crucial biological processes such as sperm motility and fibrous sheath development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purposes The economic dispatch of Integrated Energy Systems (IES) is a key research topic of energy technology reform, inherently a complex Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming problem. Traditional optimization methods have high computational complexity and struggle to adapt to the source-load uncertainty in IES coupled with renewable energy systems. Utilizing Deep Reinforcement Learning to decompose and accelerate the original problem enhances the efficiency of the IES economic dispatch model. Methods To address these issues, in this paper, an IES optimization dispatch framework based on an improved Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm is proposed. The PPO algorithm is used to approximate some variables of the nonlinear constraints in the original model, converting them into linear constraints to speed up the solution. Findings The effectiveness and efficiency of this method over others are validated through case studies, predicting significant computational advantages in large-scale IES optimization problems.

Objective Accurate short term passenger flow prediction is of great significance to improve the operation and management efficiency of the ultra-large scale of urban rail transit network. However, the current research on deep exploration of the spatio-temporal correlations is still insufficient. Therefore, according to the spatio-temporal law of short term passenger flow, a STGCN (spatio-temporal graph convolutional neural network) model based on spatio-temporal correlation characteristics of passenger flow is proposed. Method Firstly, the spatial correlation of ultra-large scale urban rail transit network is captured by ChebyNet （Chebyshev graph convolutional network）, and the temporal correlation of the passenger flow under multi-temporal correlation characteristics is explored with the help of GRU (gated recurrent unit). Secondly, the correlation of the historical passenger flow data of the station to be predicted and that of OD (origin-destination) passenger flow data are analyzed to extract the spatio-temporal correlation deeply. Finally, a STGCN model is established in combination with the spatio-temporal correlation characteristics of the passenger flow. Result & Conclusion Taking Jiangsu Road Station of Shanghai Metro Line as an example, a short-term inbound passenger flow prediction is conducted. The result shows that the prediction accuracy with spatio-temporal correlation characteristic parameters is 16% higher than that without the parameters, indicating a better prediction effect.

Objective At present, there are no systematic research results on the real-name train-riding scheme yet for city (suburban) and intercity railways. Therefore, the implementation and construction of such system has no guidelines, restricting the interconnected and integrated development of the four networks (main line railways, intercity railways, city/suburban railways and urban rail transit) to a certain extent. Method The current status of the real-name ticket system in rail transit industry, the national, local and industry policies related to real name train riding are analyzed. The advantages, disadvantages and necessity of implementing the above system in city (suburban) and intercity railways are expounded. For the first time, the scheme of using flexible real-name ticket system in city (suburban) and intercity railways is proposed, and two flexible real-name system schemes (the scheme of passenger′s person-face-ticket consistence, and the scheme of passenger′s ticket-ID consistence) and the strong real-name system scheme are compared in terms of their advantages and disadvantages. Relevant suggestions for the implementation of the flexible real-name system in city (suburban) and intercity railways are put forward. Result & Conclusion City (suburban) railway and intercity railway should have the ability to set up the flexible real-name system, and determine the specific implementation plans according to the actual situation and operational needs.

Objective Many defects related to the lining of high -speed rail tunnels gradually become prominent with the increase of the high-speed rail construction completion years. The waterproof board cutting lining concrete is one of these serious defects. In order to reduce the structural disturbance and the above defects impact on line operation, new technologies need to be used to rectify the waterproof board cutting lining defects in the arch of high-speed rail tunnel. Method Based on a dual-line high-speed railway tunnel with a design speed of 200 km/h in southwest China, two adoptable treatment schemes (cast-in-place arch and lattice technology) after its arch waterproof board cutting the lining concrete are analyzed in detail. A comparative assessment of the safety and economy of the structure is also carried out. The construction organization, process flow, protective measures and construction effects of the defect rectification scheme using lattice technology are emphatically discussed. Result & Conclusion Compared with other schemes, the lattice technology rectification scheme makes full use of the existing structure bearing capacity, repairs the tunnel only in a local area with little impact on both the existing lining structures and the high-speed railway line operation. This scheme can significantly reduce the main stress and displacement of the structure, and make the bearing capacity of the defective lining meet the design requirements.

Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials without centrosymmetry, such as GaSe, have emerged as promising novel optical materials due to large second-order nonlinear susceptibilities. However, their nonlinear responses are severely limited by the short interaction between the 2D materials and light, which should be improved by coupling them with photonic structures with strong field confinement. Here, we theoretically design photonic crystal circular Bragg gratings (CBG) based on hole gratings with a quality factor as high as Q = 8 × 103, a mode volume as small as V = 1.18 (λ/n)3, and vertical emission of light field in silicon nitride thin film platform. Experimentally, we achieved a Q value up to nearly 4 × 103, resulting in a 1,200-fold enhancement of second harmonic generation from GaSe flakes with a thickness of 50 nm coupling to the CBG structures under continuous-wave excitation. Our work endows silicon-based photonic platforms with significant second-order nonlinear effect, which is potentially applied in on-chip quantum light sources and nonlinear frequency conversion.

[Objective] In order to quantitatively evaluate the suitability and quality improvement potential of forest and grass in typical watersheds of complex underlying surface in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. [Methods] The evaluation index system and evaluation method of forest and grass suitability in Sanchuan River Basin were constructed by means of geographical detector, spatial analysis, mathematical statistics and other methods, and the forest and grass suitability and its potential for quality improvement under the current land use conditions in the basin were evaluated. [Results] (1) The dominant factors affecting the suitable distribution of forest land in the Sanchuan River Basin include the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR), elevation, soil erosion intensity and soil type. The dominant factors affecting the suitable distribution of grass land include elevation, FPAR, soil type and soil moisture, etc. (2) The area of forest land with different suitability degrees was from large to small high suitability, unsuitable, mid-height suitability, moderate suitability, and the area above moderate suitable accounted for 81.9% of the total area of forest land. The area of grassland with different suitability degree was in order from large to small: moderate suitability, unsuitable, mid-height suitability, and high suitability, and area above moderate suitability accounts for 55.3% of the total area of grassland, and there was still a large space for optimization layout of grassland in the basin. (3) The area of forest land improvement was 223.2 km2, accounting for 15.4% of the total area of moderate suitability and above areas, and most of the forest land in the area had reached the coverage threshold level. The area of grade I upgrading potential of forest in each suitability area accounted for more than 89.0%, and the difficulty of upgrading was low. The area of grassland improvement was 222.3 km2, accounting for 43.1% of the total area of moderate suitability and above areas, and nearly half of the grassland in the area have not yet reached the coverage threshold; The area proportion of grade I upgrading potential of grassland in each suitability area decreased with the increase of suitability, and the difficulty of upgrading increased with the increase of suitability. (4) The forest land can implement weak intervention measures based on natural restoration by strengthening the control of closure; grassland needs to take appropriate intervention measures according to the potential zoning of different suitability to achieve the overall improvement of grassland coverage. [Conclusion] In the Sanchuan River Basin, the pattern of forest land was better than that of grassland and the potential of grassland improvement is higher than that of forest land. The evaluation method of forest and grass habitat suitability constructed in this study can provide a scientific basis for the rational allocation of plant measures and the improvement of quality and efficiency in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.

[Objective] Biochar application can change soil physicochemical properties. The study of the effects of different biochar application methods on soil moisture, temperature and electrical conductivity (EC) distribution, which can provide basis for the scientific management of seasonally frozen soil. [Methods] The effects of different biochar application methods on soil liquid water content, temperature and EC during freezing period were studied by field experiment and long-term observation in black soil region of northeast. Biochar application methods included one-time biochar mixed application of 40 t/hm2(HO), biochar bottom application of 40 t/hm2(HE), and the blank was 0 t/hm2(CK). [Results] Both biochar application methods increased the mean soil liquid water content during the freezing period (p < 0.05), as HO > HE > CK. The application of biochar application significantly increased soil EC throughout the experimental cycle, and the average soil EC increased by 17.73% and 6.89% in the HO and HE treatments, respectively, compared to CK. The two biochar application methods had different effects on the soil temperature. Compared with CK, the mean soil temperature increased by 0.32 ℃ in the HE treatment, while the mean soil temperature decreased by 0.46 ℃ in the HO treatment. In addition, the HE treatment weakened the range of change in soil liquid water, temperature and EC during the freezing period compared to HO and CK treatments. [Conclusion] Both heterogeneous and homogeneous biochar application were beneficial to increase the liquid water content and EC of degraded black soil during freezing period. Especially heterogeneous biochar application was also beneficial to increase the soil temperature of the tillage layer during freezing period, homogeneous biochar application can also reduce the soil freezing during freezing effect during the same period. Both of the two biochar application modes may have an important impact on the soil moisture-salt transport and material transformation process during the freezing period, and even have an important effect on the spring emergence and early growth of crops.

Abstract Background This study was intended to investigate the correlation between depression and suicidal ideation among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic and the potential mediating roles of chronotype and sleep quality in this relationship . Methods A sample of 4,768 college students was selected from four institutions in Anhui Province, China, and the study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic (November to December 2020) using a stratified, cluster, multi-stage sampling method. This study used the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) to assess depressive symptoms, the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire 19 (MEQ-19) to determine individual sleep chronotypes (i.e., morning or evening preference), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to evaluate sleep quality. Participants were asked about suicidal ideation. MPLUS 8.3 software was used to analyze the mediating effect of chronotype and sleep quality on the relationship between depression and suicidal ideation. Results During the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of suicidal ideation among Chinese college students was 5.4%. Depression was inversely correlated with chronotype (beta = − 0.346, P

In 2024, the Chinese Meridian Project (CMP) completed its construction, deploying 282 instruments across 31 stations. This achievement not only provides a robust foundation but also serves as a reference template for the International Meridian Circle Program (IMCP). The IMCP aims to integrate and establish a comprehensive network of ground-based monitoring stations designed to track the propagation of space weather events from the Sun to Earth. Additionally, it monitors various disturbances generated within the Earth system that impact geospace. Over the past two years, significant progress has been made on the IMCP. In particular, the second phase of construction for the China-Brazil Joint Laboratory for Space Weather has been completed, and the North Pole and Southeast Asia networks are under active construction. The 2024 IMCP joint observation campaign was successfully conducted. To facilitate these developments, the scientific program committee of IMCP was established, following the success of 2023 IMCP workshop and the space weather school, which was co-hosted with the Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization (APSCO) and sponsored by Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Physics (SCOSTEP). Preparations are now underway for the 2024 workshop in collaboration with the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) in Brazil.

Abstract To develop the Head and Neck Cancer Psychosocial Distress Scale (HNCPDS) with the aim of identifying high-risk individuals for psychosocial distress among patients, and to assess its reliability, validity and applicability. Using the classical test theory, a total of 435 head and neck cancer patients from six tertiary hospitals in China were recruited for developing the HNCPDS. Delphi expert consultation and item analysis were used to improve the content validity of the preliminary HNCPDS. Factor analysis (FA) and Structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to test the structural validity of HNCPDS. Cronbach's alpha coefficient, Spearman-Brown coefficient and Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to test the internal consistency and retest reliability of HNCPDS. Multiple stepped-linear regression was used to analyze the risk factors of psychological disorder, and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between psychosocial distress and quality of life (QOL). The HNCPDS consisted of 14 items, which were divided into 3 subscales: 3 items for cancer discrimination, 5 items for anxiety and depression, and 6 items for social phobia. The HNCPDS had good validity [KMO coefficient was 0.947, Bartlett’s test was 5027.496 (P

Objective Given the large scale of urban rail transit interchange stations, numerous environmental constraints, and the significant difficulties in station architectural design, it is necessary to conduct a scientific and rational design for interchange stations. Method Using the architectural design proposal for Beijing Subway Line 19 Ping’anli Interchange Station as example, the design control conditions for the interchange station are analyzed from various aspects, including planning requirements, current conditions, heritage and environmental protection needs, resource conservation demands, and other controlling factors. Solution ideas for challenging issues regarding station location, station type, scale, and other controlling factors in the architectural design proposal for the interchange station are studied. The final layout plan for Ping’anli Interchange Station is proposed, along with a summary of the design principle and key design points. Result & Conclusion The final layout plan for Ping’anli Interchange Station is as follows: Line 19 Ping’anli Station is located north of the intersection of Zhaodengyu Road and Ping’anli West Street. The main structure adopts a double-level island platform with a two-storey, double-column, and three-span structure. The first underground level serves as the concourse, and the second underground level is the platform. An ancillary building on the southeast side of the station has three underground floors, with an interchange passage on the second underground level connecting Line 19 and Line 6. The station has three entrances, two emergency exists, one accessible elevator, two ventilation shafts, and one cooling tower.

Objective With the increasing automation levels in urban rail transit, drivers responsible for operation in GOA2 (semi-automated train operation) mode become the multitasking personnel responsible for monitoring and inspecting compartments in GOA4 (unattended train operation) mode. The emergency disposal operation procedure has changed as a result. To achieve a more refined analysis and evaluation of urban rail transit train operations in the GOA4 mode, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth study on the quantitative assessment method for the emergency disposal operation complexity in terms of key driving post personnel. Method Based on standardized operating procedures, the WDA (work domain analysis) method is used to establish an information structure diagram for key driving post personnel. The emergency disposal operation complexity in terms of key driving post personnel under both GOA2 and GOA4 modes is analyzed from four aspects of information quantity, operation logic, operational scale, and overall complexity. Using door malfunction emergency disposal operations as example, the emergency disposal operation complexity for key driving post personnel in both modes is calculated, and two-tailed Pearson test is carried out for site standardized operational score rate correlation verification. Result & Conclusion The correlation test results show that the correlation coefficient of vehicle door fault emergency disposal operations is -0.827, significance level is 0.042, the complexity of the operation and the score rate is negatively correlated, validating the effectiveness of the SC (step complexity) model.

Since the application of electromagnetic technology，the investigation of microwave absorbing materials has been widespread concerned in the world. With the development of technology，the effect of microwave absorption technology is constantly increasing in the world. Up to now，the structural design and electrical performance simulation calculation of microwave absorption coatings play an increasingly important role in the preparation of microwave absorption coatings. The design and optimization of coating structure can directly improve the absorption performance. Nowadays，microwave absorbing materials usually have multi-layer structures such as impedance matching layer，absorption layer and bonding layer. Their reflection coefficients are determined by the thickness，magnetic permeability，and dielectric constant. Only relying on the experiments to study the influence of reflection coefficient must be inevitably resulted in a relatively broad and blind workload. Based on this， three kinds of microwave absorption coating absorbers were selected to carry out electromagnetic parameter testing and analysis. The electromagnetic properties of single layer，single layer and double layer structure combined with two kinds of absorbers were simulated and calculated under the 1.2 mm thickness of the coating. Four optimal coating design schemes were obtained through the simulation calculation，and the electrical performance experiment were further completed for comparison. The results show that the electrical performance verified by experiment is in good agreement with the trend of simulation calculation results. Finally，the optimal coating is the single-layer coating with the Absorbent A∶ Absorbent C=2∶1. At this time，the simulation calculation and experimental results of the microwave absorption coating both show relatively high absorption performance.

AIM: To investigate the effects of placement of the absorbable packing material Nasopore around the anastomosis site on postoperative re-bleeding, discomfort, and on the success rate of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy(En-DCR).METHODS: Prospective randomized controlled study. A total of 101 patients(101 eyes)diagnosed with chronic dacryocystitis that underwent En-DCR in the ophthalmology department, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine from November 2020 to October 2021 were collected. The patients were randomly divided into two groups according to whether they were packed with Nasopore at the end of operation, namely, the packed group(49 eyes)and the non-packed group(52 eyes). The postoperative follow-up was 9 mo, the degree of re-bleeding, discomfort, and postoperative success rate(including anatomical success rate and functional success rate)were compared between the two groups of patients.RESULTS: This study included 94 patients, including 45(45 eyes)and 49(49 eyes)in packed group and non-packed group, respectively. The En-DCR was performed successfully in all patients. Postoperative re-bleeding occurred in 1 eye(2%)in the packed group, and 9 eyes(18%)in the non-packed group(P0.05). The postoperative functional success rate was 89%(40/45)in the packed group and 86%(42/49)in the non-packed group(P>0.05). Other complications such as orbital fat prolapse, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, sinusitis, visual impairment and double vision were not observed in all patients during the follow-up.CONCLUSION: Nasal packing absorbable material Nasopore around the anastomosis at the end of En-DCR operation can reduce postoperative re-bleeding and postoperative discomfort of patients, and it has no obvious effect on the postoperative success rate.

Objective: In order to solve the phenomenon of low mechanical shelling efficiency and high kernel breakage rate of hazelnut, a vertical cone shell breaking machine was designed with automatic adjustment of clearance through compression spring. Methods: The key structure of the shell breaker was composed of three core components: the vertical cone inner roller, the slatted screen outer roller and the pressure spring device, and the stress of the hazelnuts in the shelling cavity of the shell breaker was analyzed. Results: The main parameters of the vertical cone hazelnut shell breaker were determined: the taper of the uniform cone was 30°, the inclination angle of the inner roller bus was 75°, the half cone angle was 15°, the surface groove was spiral, the groove depth was 3 mm, the inclination angle of the outer roller bus was 73°, the half cone angle was 17°, the free stroke of the compression spring design was 230 mm, the middle warp was 160 mm, the wire diameter was 24 mm, the effective number of turns was 6, the total number of turns was 8, and the effective speed range of the inner roller was 229.2～881.5 r/min. Conclusion: This design can automatically adjust the compression amount of the vertical cone shell breaker and adjust the shell breaking gap through the feeding amount, which can adapt to the fruit shape size of different hazelnuts, so that the hazelnut shelling efficiency and kernel preparation rate can be improved.

The mechanical properties of rolled 7075 aluminum alloy treated by non-isothermal retrogression and re-aging can exceed the traditional peak aging (T6) and isothermal retrogression and re-aging. After non-isothermal retrogression and re-aging (NIA 180/60) treatment, compared with the T6 state alloy, the alloy has obvious grain boundary precipitate-free zone, and the tensile strength is increased from 558 ± 1.2 MPa to 611 ± 1 MPa. The main mechanism leading to the increase of mechanical properties is precipitation strengthening, followed by grain boundary strengthening, which is not related to crystal orientation, dislocation strengthening and solid solution strengthening. During the non-isothermal retrogression and re-aging treatment, the partial dissolution of the existing precipitates (GP zone and η′ phase), the growth of the remaining precipitates and the precipitation of new η′ phase, as well as the secondary precipitation in the re-aging stage, lead to the increase of the size and density of the intragranular precipitates compared with the T6 state alloy, and the maximum precipitation strengthening effect is obtained. This paper also discusses the relationship between performance changes and microstructure, which can provide a reference for optimizing the regression re-aging process.

A new adsorbent(DES@ZIF@MG) was prepared by grafting deep eutectic solvents(DES) onto metal organic framework ZIF/magnetic reduced graphene oxide(MG) for the adsorption of methamphetamine. A series of structural characterization analyses (SEM, FT-IR, BET, VSM, TGA) were facilitated to explore the microscopic morphology and physicochemical properties of DES@ZIF@MG. The adsorption performances of methamphetamine onto the adsorbent were investigated by adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and adsorption effect experiments(pH, ionic strengths, and humic acid). The results showed that the adsorption of methamphetamine onto DES@ZIF@MG was consistent with the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir model, indicating that the adsorption process was an energetically homogeneous adsorption dominated by chemisorption. The XPS characterization illustrated that the adsorption process of methamphetamine by DES@ZIF@MG mainly involved hydrogen bonding, π-π interaction, electrostatic interaction, and chelation.

To make advanced treatment of wastewater from butadiene-based PA66 salt production, the research of ozone catalyst was conducted, and a combined process of high-efficiency sedimentation+pre-ozone catalytic oxidation+two-stage pre-denitrification+post-ozone catalytic oxidation was introduced. The results showed that the treatment effect of the whole process was in a relatively stable condition. The effluent with COD≤40 mg/L, NH3-N≤2 mg/L, and TN≤5 mg/L was better than first class A effluent index of Pollutant Emission Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants(GB 18918-2002). In the process of bacterial culture, post-ozone catalytic oxidation had NH3-N removal rate of 81.1% and TN removal rate of 63.7%, showing great performance in NH3-N and TN removal. Meanwhile, pre-ozone catalytic oxidation had a better performance in COD removal, and the mass ratio between ozone consumption and COD removal was 1.64∶1. The operating cost of the whole process for treating wastewater from PA66 salt producted by butadiene was 4.86 yuan/t. The whole process was cost-effective compared to deep treatment project. It provides reference for similar wastewater treatment.

When the earth faults occur in different phases of two feeders connected to the same bus in the resonant grounding system, the conventional fault line selection devices are inaccurate. To address the difficulties of fault line selection in the earth faults that occurred in different phases of two feeders connected to the same busbar for resonant grounding system, the line zero-sequence admittance is calculated by the zero-sequence current at the first end of the line and the zero-sequence voltage of the bus. The analysis of the fault characteristics indicates that, the zero-sequence admittance amplitude in faulty lines is larger than that in the non-faulty line, and this characteristic also appears in the high-impedance grounding faults. Based on the ratio of zero-sequence admittance amplitude, a fault line selection method for earth faults occurring in different phases of two feeders connected to the same bus in a resonant grounding system is proposed. The difference in zero-sequence admittance amplitude between fault and non-fault lines is used to establish a line selection criterion, which allows all fault lines to be selected. The results simulated by PSCAD confirmed that the proposed method works effectively, with high accurary. This method is not affected by the fault location and the compensation degree of the arc suppression coil, and it can also withstand high fault resistances.

No intervention definitively extends transplant-free survival in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Statins, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), may enhance PSC prognosis, but their efficacy is debated.

C16H16N2O2, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 9.370(2) Å, b = 10.265(2) Å, c = 15.863(4) Å, V = 1525.8(6) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0753, wRref (F 2) = 0.198, T = 273 K.

[Objective] This study was aimed at investigating the variation relationship between soil crust and infiltration performance under continuous and intermittent rainfall conditions. [Methods] Three typical cultivated layer loesses were selected, and indoor simulated rainfall experiments were conducted to analyze the relationship between soil crust strength, cohesion, and infiltration performance under different rainfall conditions. [Results] (1) The infiltration performance decreased with the increase of continuous rainfall duration and intermittent rainfall events; under the same rainfall duration and intensity, the desilting effect of intermittent rainfall was higher than that of continuous rainfall. (2) Soil crust strength and cohesion increased with the increase of continuous rainfall duration and intermittent rainfall events; the infiltration performance of cinnamon soil and black earth was significantly linearly correlated with crust strength and cohesion (p < 0.05). The longer the continuous rainfall duration and the more frequent the intermittent rainfall events, the greater the soil crust strength, cohesion, and desilting effect. The infiltration performance of sandy soil was significantly nonlinearly correlated with crust strength and cohesion (p < 0.05). (3) The smaller the MWD and GMD of the crust, the worse the infiltration performance and the greater the desilting effect; furthermore, the correlation analysis results showed that the impact of intermittent rainfall on infiltration performance is higher. [Conclusion] Finally, under the same rainfall intensity, intermittent rainfall can form a more solid crust, which has a stronger weakening effect on soil infiltration performance. This study can provide a reference for the prevention and control of soil and water loss on the Loess Plateau and the effective utilization of water resources

[Objective] This study was aimed to estimate the amount of water conservation in Shaanxi Province. [Methods] The InVEST model and PLUS model were coupled to calculate the water conservation amount in Shaanxi Province from 2000 to 2020 and predict the water conservation amount under land use changes in the future in 2030. [Results] The average water conservation amount in Shaanxi Province from 2000 to 2020 was 132.25 mm, with a spatial distribution characteristic of gradually increasing water conservation from north to south. From the perspective of vegetation types, forest land was the main body of water conservation in Shaanxi Province. The average annual water conservation amount was 199.55×108 m3. From the administrative region, Ankang City had the largest water conservation amount(308.96 mm). The total amount of water source conservation in 2030 will be 285.16×108 m3 and 8.68×108 m3 less than that in 2020. [Conclusion] The water conservation amount of Shaanxi Province will show a slight downward trend from 2020 to 2030 in the future.

In order to improve the performance of aerodynamic and take off and landing from water surface, a new biomimetic UAV with multi-segment wing in ground effect is designed based on the hull fuselage, multi-segment wing and T-tai. The pressure nephogram, pressure coefficient and lift-drag characteristics of the UAV in different states are studied in detail with N-S equation and K-Ω-SST turbulence model. The simulation results show that the influence of ground effect decreases with the increase of the UAV height above water. When the ratio of height above water to mean geometric chord (ratio of height to chord H/c) is close to 1, the ground effect is more significant. When the UAV is 0.2 m above water, the lift coefficient and lift-drag ratio increase by 21.91% and 40.37% respectively, and the drag coefficient decreases by 15.22%. For the multi-segment wing layout, the ground effect flight mainly affects the pressure coefficient and pressure nephogram of the lower surface. And the positive pressure amplitude of pressure coefficient in lower surface gradually decreases from inside to outside along the span direction, and the pressure coefficient near the leading and trailing edges along the chord direction is small. With the pressure nephogram, the results show that the impact of ground effect on the growth rate of lift is mainly concentrated in the area below the mid and inner wing. The lift curve slope can be significantly increased by ground effect (increased by 8.89% when H/c is 1). The growth rate of lift coefficient and the decrease rate of drag coefficient gradually increase when the angle of attack increases, and the growth rate of lift-drag ratio (H/c is 1) reaches more than 26% when the angle of attack is greater than 2°. It has been proven that the design has excellent aerodynamic and flight performance with multiple flight tests of verification UAV taking off and landing from water surface and with and without ground effects. The UAV can provide flight platforms for water quality detection, water surface transportation, search and rescue reconnaissance, etc.

Objective(s): Wnt5a, which regulates the activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, is reportedly overexpressed in osteoarthritis (OA) tissues. The purpose of this study was to elucidate its role in the development of OA by deleting Wnt5a in osteocalcin (OCN)-expressing cells.Materials and Methods: Knee OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) in OCN-Cre;Wnt5afl/fl knockout (Wnt5a-cKO) mice and control littermates. Eight weeks after surgery, histological changes, cell apoptosis, and matrix metabolism of cartilage were evaluated by toluidine blue, TUNEL staining, and im-immunohistochemistry analyses, respectively. In addition, the subchondral bone microarchitecture of mice was examined by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).Results: Histological scores show substantial cartilage degeneration occurred in ACLT knees, coupled with decreased collagen type II expression and enhanced matrix metalloproteinase 13 expression, as well as higher proportions of apoptotic cells. Micro-CT results show that ACLT resulted in decreased bone mineral density, bone volume/trabecular volume, trabecular number, and structure model index of subchondral bones in both Wnt5a-cKO and control littermates; although Wnt5a-cKO mice display lower BMD and BV/TV values, no significant difference was observed between Wnt5a-cKO and control mice for any of these values. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that Wnt5a deficiency in OCN-expressing cells could not prevent an osteoarthritic phenotype in a mouse model of post-traumatic OA.