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Yi-Ping Li,1 Mei Xu,1 Hao-Fen Xie,2 Ying-Chun Zhu1 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nursing, First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hao-Fen Xie, Department of Nursing, First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, No. 59 Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13867889859, Email xhaofen3049@163.comObjective: To evaluate the risk factors contributing to preoperative malnutrition in elderly patients with hip fractures.Methods: The study retrospectively analysed clinical data from 182 elderly patients aged 60 years or older with hip fractures. Nutritional status was assessed according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition diagnostic criteria, and risk factors associated with malnutrition were identified through univariate and logistic regression analyses. Based on the findings, a nomogram was developed, and a calibration curve model was constructed. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Finally, the model was validated using an independent cohort of 78 patients.Results: Data analysis revealed that among the 182 elderly patients with hip fractures, 76 were men and 106 were women, with a mean age of 75.77 ± 8.66 years. The fractures included 135 femoral neck fractures and 47 intertrochanteric fractures. Malnutrition was identified in 39.01% (71/182) of the patients. Independent risk factors for malnutrition included age, body mass index, the number of comorbidities, haemoglobin level and serum albumin level. A nomogram model incorporating these indicators was developed, demonstrating robust predictive performance, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.886 (95% confidence interval: 0.809– 0.962).Conclusion: It is anticipated that the proposed model will serve as a valuable tool for the timely and accurate clinical identification of malnutrition risk in elderly patients with hip fractures.Keywords: malnutrition, older adults, hip fracture, prediction model

Yan-Bin Liu,1 Li-Juan Zuo,2 Ya-Chao Liu,1 Yan-Ping Li,1 Yun-Chao Xin,1 Hong-Yan Zhang,3 Li-Yuan Hou4 1Department of ENT & HN Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei, 075000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei, 075000, People’s Republic of China; 3Departmentof Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei, 075000, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei, 075000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yan-Bin Liu, Department of ENT & HN Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 12, Changqing Street, Qiaoxi District, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, 075000, People’s Republic of China, Email liuyanbin19830524@163.comObjective: This study aimed to design a standard method of psychological intervention and evaluate the effect of such psychological intervention against the psychological distress of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients in the treatment with radioactive iodine.Methods: The enrolled patients were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group. Both the patients in the 2 groups received the routine nursing care, while the patients in the intervention group also received the additional standard psychological interventions. The questionnaires including patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), generalized anxiety disorder 7-item (GAD-7), cancer fatigue scale (CFS) and positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) were used to assess psychological status. These questionnaires were performed at week 0 (T0), week 8 (T1, immediately after the last time of intervention) and week 24 (T2, 16 weeks after the intervention).Results: PHQ-9, GAD-7, CFS and Negative Affect (NA) scores measured at T1 and T2 in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.001). And intervention group also had higher positive affect (PA) scores at T1 and T2 (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the changes of PHQ-9, GAD-7, CFS, PA and NA scores from T0 to T1 and T0 to T2 were more evident in the intervention group than in the control group.Conclusion: Psychological intervention could significantly improve psychological distress of DTC patients in the treatment with radioactive iodine.Keywords: differentiated thyroid cancer, radioactive iodine, psychological intervention, psychological distress, mood

Yang Mei,1,2 Yang Mu,3 Win Wang,2 Bo-Tao Tan,1 Yao-Hua Chen,4 Yu-Ping Li,4 Dan Zhu,4 Wei Li,2 Jian Cui,4 Le-Hua Yu1 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pain Medicine, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pain Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jian Cui; Le-Hua Yu, Email cqjian211@163.com; 300895@cqmu.edu.cnIntroduction: Adenosine 5’-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) can influence energy metabolism. Energy metabolism imbalance is closely associated with the occurrence of neuropathic pain (NeP). Rs10789038 and rs2796498 are genetic polymorphisms of PRKAA2, the gene encoding AMPK, which is closely related to energy metabolism imbalance. This study aimed to explore the relationship between PRKAA2 and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in the southwestern Chinese Han population.Methods: This study enrolled 132 PHN patients and 118 healthy subjects. The rs10789038 and rs2796498 PRKAA2 genotypes were identified in all participants. The association between these single nucleotide polymorphisms and PHN susceptibility was evaluated in the dominant and recessive models. Haplotype analysis of patients with PHN and healthy controls was performed.Results: The PHN patients were older than the healthy subjects (P < 0.05); however, the other clinical characteristics between two groups were not significantly different (all P > 0.05). Genotypes and allele frequencies differed significantly between PHN patients and healthy subjects in the rs10789038 polymorphism (P < 0.05), but not in rs2796498 (P > 0.05). In addition, the GG haplotype of rs10789038-rs2796498 correlated negatively with PHN occurrence in haplotype analysis (P < 0.05).Conclusion: PHN occurrence may be related to the PRKAA2 rs10789038 A>G genetic polymorphism in the southwestern Chinese Han population.Keywords: AMPK, PRKAA2, polymorphism, postherpetic neuralgia

A detailed investigation was conducted on the factors influencing the properties of silica-supported tungsten oxide catalysts for propene metathesis. A principal goal of this work was to identify the processes involved in the formation of catalytically active sites. To probe the influence of dispersion, samples were prepared across a range of W loadings using two methods of catalyst preparation: incipient wetness impregnation of amorphous silica and ion exchange of mesoporous SBA-15. The samples were characterized by nitrogen adsorption, UV-vis, Raman, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Catalytic activity was observed to increase with W surface concentration up to the point where WO3 nanoparticles formed. The catalytic performance of all samples was enhanced 2-fold by pretreatment in He, in comparison to pretreatment in air. In situ characterization of samples pretreated in He by Raman and XAS shows an increase in the relative concentration of isolated dioxo W(6+) species relative to mono-oxo W(6+) species, and in situ XAS data collected during propene metathesis indicated that a similar conversion occurs for air-pretreated samples in the presence of propene. For both air- and He-pretreated catalysts an activation period was observed, during which the activity increased and attained steady-state activity. This period was significantly longer for air-pretreated catalysts and was accompanied by the transient formation of acetone. While acetone was not observed during the much shorter transient of He-pretreated samples, in situ XAS provided evidence of reduction occurring in these samples upon contact with propene. It is also notable that, independent of the manner of catalyst preparation or pretreatment, the rate of propene metathesis is first order in propene and exhibits an activation energy of 200 kJ/mol. A model is proposed to explain why only a fraction of the isolated tungstate species is active for propene metathesis (∼5%) and why this fraction increases with increasing concentration of W dispersed on silica. (Chemical Equation Presented).

A sustainable route has been reported for the production of terephthalic acid (PTA) from 5-(hydroxymethyl)furoic acid (HMFA) and ethylene, both of which can be derived from biomass. This process starts with the production of 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzoic acid (HMBA) from HMFA and ethylene catalyzed by Sn-BEA. The subsequent oxidation of HMBA leads to PTA. The present study reports the results of a detailed computational investigation of the mechanism of HMBA synthesis from ethylene and HMFA mediated by Sn-BEA. Density functional theory calculations show that the formation of HMBA proceeds via Diels-Alder cycloaddition of HMFA and ethylene, which is rate-limiting, followed by Lewis acid-catalyzed dehydration. The solution-phase reaction and six different pathways in Sn-BEA, including one pathway on the Si site and five different pathways on the Sn site, are investigated for the Diels-Alder cycloaddition of HMFA and ethylene. Energy decomposition analysis (EDA) shows that the Sn site stabilizes the transition state of the Diels-Alder reaction electrostatically instead of facilitating charge transfer between HMFA and ethylene. Therefore, the preferred pathway for the Diels-Alder reaction starts with binding HMFA to the Sn site by the carbonyl oxygen, which is the configuration that maximizes electrostatic interactions between substrates and the catalyst in the transition state. The effect of substituting Sn in the active site by Zr and Ti was examined and the highest reaction barriers were for the Ti sites. Using EDA, we found that though the barriers of the Sn and Zr site are comparable, the individual contributing effects are different: lower energy penalty associated with distortion of the geometry of the Zr site overcomes less favorable electrostatic and charge transfer effects compared to the Sn site.

Li-Jun Chen,1,2 Wang Xu,1 Ya-Ping Li,3 Li-Ting Ma,1 Hui-Fang Zhang,1 Xiao-Bo Huang,1 Geng-Geng Yu,1 Xiu-Qin Ma,1 Chao Chen,1 Yan-Hong Liu,1 Jie Wu,4 Li-Jun Wang,4 Yuan Xu4 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Yinchuan City, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Respiratory Medicine, Weihai Municipal Hospital of Shandong Province, Weihai, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Clinical Institute, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Li-Jun ChenDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No. 2, Liqun West Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750001, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-13895016600Fax +86-951-6192235Email ycchenlj@163.comBackground: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic airway inflammatory disease characterized by irreversible airflow obstruction. Pathogenic mechanisms underlying COPD remain largely unknown.Objective: The current study was designed to explore serum concentration of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in stable COPD patients and the potential effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) on HIF-1α protein expression.Methods: Serum HIF-1α was quantified by ELISA in 102 stable COPD patients before and after 2-week orally taken LBP (100 mL/time, twice daily, 5– 15 mg/mL). Correlation of serum LBP and lung function (FEV1%) or blood gas (PO2 and PCO2) was also analyzed. As a control, 105 healthy subjects were also enrolled into this study.Results: Serum concentration of HIF-1α was significantly higher in the stable COPD patients (37.34 ± 7.20 pg/mL) than that in the healthy subjects (29.55 ± 9.66 pg/mL, P< 0.001). Oral administration of LBP (5 mg/mL, 100 mL, twice daily for 2 weeks) not only relieved COPD symptoms but also significantly reduced serum HIF-1α concentration (36.94 ± 9.23 vs 30.49 ± 6.42 pg/mL, P< 0.05). In addition, level of serum HIF-1α concentration was significantly correlated with PCO2 (r = 0.283, P< 0.001), but negatively and significantly correlated with PO2 (r = − 0.490, P=0.005) or FEV1%(r = − 0.420, P=0.018).Conclusion: These findings suggested that activation of HIF-1 signaling pathway may be involved in the pathophysiology of COPD and that stabilization of serum HIF-1α concentration by LBP might benefit the stable COPD patients.Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD, hypoxia-induced factor 1, HIF-1, Lycium barbarum polysaccharides, LBP

© 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.The embryonic stem cell (ESC)-enriched miR-294/302 family and the somatic cell-enriched let-7 family stabilizes the self-renewing and differentiated cell fates, respectively. The mechanisms underlyin

Shan-Shan Su,1,* Sheng-Nan Zhang,1,* Jun-Ru Ye,1 Ling-Na Xu,1 Peng-Cheng Lin,1 Han-Yan Xu,1 Qing Wu,2 Yu-Ping Li1 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325015, People’s Republic of China; 2The Center of Laboratory and Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325015, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yu-Ping LiDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, South Baixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325015, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/fax +86 577 5557 9273Email wzliyp@163.comBackground: Patients with high-titer anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies present disseminated non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) and other opportunistic infections. Due to its rare occurrence and non-specific symptoms, this syndrome is difficult to diagnose during early disease stages. Here, we report a case with high-concentrations of serum anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies who presented with disseminated Talaromyces marneffei and NTM disease accompanied Sweet’s syndrome.Case presentation: A 62-year-old Chinese woman with no previous history was admitted to our hospital in August 2016 due to intermittent fever for 2 years, left chest wall redness, and swelling for 3 months. During hospitalization, the patient was confirmed with disseminated T. marneffei and successfully treated with antifungal therapy. In July 2017, upon second admission, Mycobacterium avium intracellular (MAC) pulmonary infection was established after positive cultures from the right lung tissue. The patient failed treatment after 1 month of anti-NTM therapy due to side effects. In May 2018, she was confirmed as having disseminated MAC disease accompanied by hand rashes, which was considered as Sweet’s syndrome. High-level anti-IFN-γ antibodies in the patient serum were detected upon comparison with normal controls (2.85-fold increase). Following anti-NTM therapy, both symptoms and pulmonary infiltration gradually improved, and joint destruction and lymphadenitis remained.Conclusions: Patients with anti-interferon-γ autoantibodies should be considered for severe, recurrent infections in adults in the absence of other known risk factors. Sweet’s syndrome is a common skin manifestation of the syndrome.Keywords: Talaromyces marneffei, Mycobacterium avium, Sweet’s syndrome, autoantibodies, interferon-gamma

Ying Zhou,1,* Peng-Cheng Lin,1,* Jun-Ru Ye,1 Shan-Shan Su,1 Li Dong,1 Qing Wu,2 Han-Yan Xu,1 Yu-Peng Xie,1 Yu-Ping Li1 1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China; 2The Center of Laboratory and Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Clinicians may fail to make an early diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) without HIV infection. Serum cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigen (CrAg) test, histopathology and culture of lung tissue play different roles in diagnosis of PC. Objective: To investigate the performance of serum CrAg test, histopathology and culture of the lung tissue in diagnosis of PC without HIV infection. Patients/methods: From January 2011 to September 2017, patients with proven PC were recruited from a teaching hospital in southern China. Those patients with HIV infection, PC confirmed by surgery or PC with probable or possible diagnosis were excluded from the study. Latex agglutination test and CrAg lateral flow assay were used for detection of serum CrAg. Lung biopsy and needle aspiration were performed under computed tomography guidance. Results: Eighty-nine patients with proven PC including 41 male (46.1%) and 48 female (53.9%) were enrolled. Fifty-one (57.3%) patients had underlying disease. Positive CrAg test was found in 83 (93.3%) cases. Among six cases with negative CrAg test, PC was confirmed by histology in two cases and positive culture in four cases. The histopathological results of 77 (86.5%) cases revealed cryptococcal granuloma and 12 cases showed chronic inflammation, which was confirmed by positive culture. Among 65 cases, the diseased tissue of 46 (70.8%) cases presented Cryptococcus neoformans in the culture and one case was diagnosed with lung cancer coexisting with PC. Conclusion: Our findings showed that serum CrAg test is rapid and sensitive in diagnosing PC, histology is important for confirming PC and culture plays a complementary role. Biopsied lung tissue should be submitted for cultures whenever feasible. Keywords: pulmonary cryptococcosis, fungal infection, Cryptococcus neoformans, cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigen, diagnosis

Lingna Xu,1,* Ren-ai Xu,2,* Dan Zhang,1 Shanshan Su,1 Hanyan Xu,1 Qing Wu,3 Yuping Li1 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; 2Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; 3Department of Microbiology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: T helper 17 (Th17) lymphocytes play an important role in Aspergillus adaptive immune response against Aspergillus fumigatus, but there is little attention focused on the different types of immunosuppressive models in which invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) develops. In addition, the expression levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/retinoic acid-related orphan nuclear receptor gamma (RORγt)/interleukin (IL)-17A signaling pathway, which is involved in the regulation of Th17 cells, as well as whether there are differences between two types of IPA mice models, remain unknown. Materials and methods: Six to eight weeks old female BALB/c mice were treated with cortisone acetate or cyclophosphamide to establish the immunosuppressive mice models, and then, A. fumigatus inoculum was injected to form the IPA groups and sterile saline was injected to form the control groups. Flow cytometry was performed to measure the proportion of Th17 cells in CD4+ T cells in the peripheral blood, spleen, and lung of the mice. The expression of IL-17A, RORγt, and STAT3 mRNA was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Concentrations of IL-6 in the plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The proportion of Th17 in the peripheral blood and lung tissue in neutropenic IPA mice showed a more significant increase than in non-neutropenic IPA mice (P

Yingpeng Li,1 Xiuyan Li,2 Qingxia Guan,2 Chunjing Zhang,2 Ting Xu,2 Yujing Dong,2 Xinyu Bai,2 Weiping Zhang3 1College of Pharmacy, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 2College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; 3Pope John XXIII High School, Everett, MA, USA Background: Enhancing drug delivery is an ongoing endeavor in pharmaceutics, especially when the efficacy of chemotherapy for cancer is concerned. In this study, we prepared and evaluated nanosized HKUST-1 (nanoHKUST-1), nanosized metal-organic drug delivery framework, loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for potential use in cancer treatment.Materials and methods: NanoHKUST-1 was prepared by reacting copper (II) acetate [Cu(OAc)2] and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (H3BTC) with benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) at room temperature (23.7°C±2.4°C). A central composite design was used to optimize 5-FU-loaded nanoHKUST-1. Contact time, ethanol concentration, and 5-FU:material ratios were the independent variables, and the entrapment efficiency of 5-FU was the response parameter measured. Powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nitrogen adsorption were used to determine the morphology of nanoHKUST-1. In addition, 5-FU release studies were conducted, and the in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated.Results: Entrapment efficiency and drug loading were 9.96% and 40.22%, respectively, while the small-angle X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed a regular porous structure. The SEM and TEM images of the nanoHKUST-1 confirmed the presence of round particles (diameter: approximately 100 nm) and regular polygon arrays of mesoporous channels of approximately 2–5 nm. The half-maximal lethal concentration (LC50) of the 5-FU-loaded nanoHKUST-1 was approximately 10 µg/mL.Conclusion: The results indicated that nanoHKUST-1 is a potential vector worth developing as a cancer chemotherapeutic drug delivery system. Keywords: 5-fluorouracil, drug delivery, nanoparticles, nano-MOFs

The development of potent glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) inhibitor has been increasingly recognized as the candidate treatment against the multifactorial pathogenic mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study prepared various new pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives, evaluated the anti-AD activities and detected the security based on the structure-guided rational design. Our results indicated that many pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives had strong GSK-3β inhibitory activities, particularly compounds 41, 46 and 54, with the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC 50 ) of 0.22, 0.26 and 0.24 nM, respectively, and each of them generally possessed GSK-3β selectivity over 24 structurally similar kinases. In addition, further targeting studies at the cellular level revealed that compound 41 increased GSK-3β phosphorylation at Ser9 site dose-dependently for inhibiting GSK-3β activity, therefore inhibiting the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein by decreasing the p-tau-Ser396 abundance. Moreover, 41 up-regulated β-catenin and neurogenesis-related markers (GAP43 and MAP-2), thereby promoting neurite outgrowth of neurons in SH-SY5Y cells. According to the in vitro cells assay, 41 showed the lower cytotoxicity to SH-SY5Y cells with a survival rate of over 70 % at the concentration of 100 μM. In vivo efficacy and acute toxicity experiments showed that, 41 effectively ameliorated the dyskinesia in AlCl 3 -induced zebrafish AD models and exhibited its low-toxicity nature in C57BL/6 mice. Overall, the pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivative 41 could serve as a promising GSK-3β inhibitor for treating AD., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest I have nothing to declare., (Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and plays a special role in the process of inflammatory response. COX-2 is a target of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which can effectively relieve inflammation, pain and fever responses by inhibiting COX-2. Despite the significant study progress of inhibitors targeting COX-2, the development of COX-2 degraders remains insufficient. Proteolysis targeting chimaeras (PROTACs) have recently emerged as a fascinating technology for targeted protein degradation and drug discovery. In this report, we present the design, synthesis and detection of aspirin-based PROTACs that demonstrate effective ubiquitin-proteasome pathway degradation of COX-2 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, and the aspirin-based negative PROTACs does not promote the degradation of COX-2. Moreover, we show AspPROTACs could significantly affect proteasome degradation and inflammatory signaling pathways through quantitative proteomic data analysis. These COX-2 degraders offer valuable chemical tools and novel insights for research in anti-inflammatory drugs., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The Omicron BA.2.86 subvariants, JN.1, KP.2, and KP.3, have become predominant globally, raising concerns about their immune evasion from vaccines and monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatments. These variants harbor more receptor-binding domain (RBD) mutations than the XBB and EG.5 sub-lineages, which are already known to compromise vaccine and therapeutic efficacy. We evaluated sera from individuals vaccinated with inactivated vaccines, with or without breakthrough infections, as well as COVID-19 convalescents. Our results showed a substantial decrease in serum neutralizing activity against the JN.1, KP.2, XBB.1.5, and EG.5.1 variants compared to BA.2. Additionally, we developed 19 neutralizing antibodies from memory B cells, with some retaining efficacy against earlier Omicron variants. However, potency was notably diminished against newer subvariants like BF.7, BQ.1, XBB.1.5, and BA.2.86. Of mAbs, those isolated from COVID-19 convalescents, particularly SA-3, exhibited exceptional potency across ten variants from BA.2 to KP.2, with IC50 values ranging from 0.006 to 2.546 μg/mL. However, SA-3 had lost neutralizing activity against the KP.3 due to the Q493E mutation, but the KP.3 became susceptible to neutralization by the other mAb, SA-6. In contrast, SA-6 was unable to neutralize KP.2 because of the presence of R346T mutation. Our findings underscore the importance of continuous surveillance of viral evolution and the need for updated vaccines and therapeutics to combat the ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2, particularly in the context of emerging variants that escape both vaccine-induced immunity and monoclonal antibody treatments., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Toxicological studies revealed that exposure to organophosphate esters (OPEs) affects semen quality, but human evidence is controversial. Over a 3-month follow-up, 1,385 healthy young men provided 3,550 urine samples and 6,466 semen samples, which were determined for urinary OPE metabolite concentrations, sperm quality parameters, and sperm mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn). Linear mixed models revealed inverse associations between diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) concentrations and sperm concentration [-3.81% (95% CI: -6.31, -1.24) per each 2-fold increment in exposure], total count [-4.07% (95% CI: -7.21, -0.76)], progressive motility [-0.55 (95% CI: -0.93, -0.17)], and total motility [-0.54 (95% CI: -0.91, -0.17)]; and between bis(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (BBOEP) and diocresyl phosphate and di- p -cresyl phosphate (DoCP and DpCP) concentrations and sperm concentration [-3.61% (95% CI: -5.53, -1.58) and -3.27% (95% CI: -5.92, -0.48), respectively] and total count [-5.13% (95% CI: -7.53, -2.67) and -3.87% (95% CI: -7.21, -0.35), respectively]. These inverse associations persisted only for DPHP, DoCP and DpCP, and BBOEP measured during the epididymal storage period. Sperm mtDNAcn mediated 67.7% and 52.5%, respectively, of the associations between BBOEP and sperm concentration and total count [beta coefficient of average causal mediation effects = -0.15 (95% CI: -0.25, -0.07) and -0.18 (95% CI: -0.29, -0.08), respectively].

This in vivo study explored the impact of TUBB6 inhibition in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), focusing on its effects on hematoma volume, microtubule stability, inflammation, neuronal preservation, and sensorimotor recovery. Sprague-Dawley rats was used to induce ICH by collagenase injection into the right striatum, followed by administration of TUBB6 antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) or Control ASO directly into the hematoma site 3 h post-ICH. Outcomes measured included hematoma volume, microtubule stability (acetylated α-tubulin), levels of inflammatory cytokines, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activity, neuronal degeneration (Fluoro-Jade C staining), and cell integrity (Cresyl Violet staining). Functional recovery was assessed using neurological severity scores (mNSS), corner turn, forelimb-placing, and rotarod tests, with body weight tracked for up to 28 days. TUBB6 expression increased with the severity of hemorrhage in the ICH models. TUBB6 ASO significantly reduced hematoma volume at 24- and 72-h post-ICH, restored acetylated α-tubulin levels, suppressed MAPK signaling pathway, and decreased pro-inflammatory markers with increased IL-10. TUBB6 ASO also reduced neuronal degeneration and improved cell viability. In terms of functional outcomes, the TUBB6 ASO + ICH group exhibited reduced mNSS scores, improved body weight maintenance, and better performance on corner turn, forelimb-placing and rotarod tests compared to the Control ASO + ICH group. TUBB6 ASO treatment demonstrated therapeutic potential in a rat model of ICH by reducing hematoma volume, stabilizing microtubules, modulating the MAPK signaling pathway, and mitigating inflammation. It also preserved neuronal integrity and enhanced sensorimotor recovery, suggesting its effectiveness as a therapeutic approach to improve ICH outcomes., Competing Interests: Declarations. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical Approval: All animal experiments were approved by the Ethics Committee of Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University and were conducted in accordance with the National Institute of Health Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Consent to Participate: All animal experiments were approved by the Ethics Committee of Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University and were conducted in accordance with the National Institute of Health Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals., (© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Background: Work-family conflicts and daytime sleepiness are related to the risk of suicide. At present, no study has investigated the relationship between nurses' work-family behavioral role conflict and suicide risk. Moreover, it has not been confirmed whether, considering the effect of daytime sleepiness on suicide risk, daytime sleepiness mediates the effect of work-family behavioral role conflict and suicide risk., Aim: To explore the pathway relationships among nurses' work-family behavioral role conflict, daytime sleepiness, and suicide risk., Methods: Convenience and purposive sampling methods were used to select 750 nurses from six provinces, including Jiangxi, Sichuan, and Shanxi. The work-family behavioral role conflict scale, the Chinese adult daytime sleepiness scale, and the suicide behavior questionnaire were used for the survey. The data were statistically analyzed via SPSS 25.0 software, Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlations between the variables, the PROCESS 4.0 program was used for the mediation effect analysis, and the mediation effect model was tested via the bootstrap method., Results: Nurses' work-family behavioral role conflict and daytime sleepiness were positively correlated with suicide risk ( r = 734, 0.717). Work-family behavioral role conflict positively predicted suicide risk ( β = 0.118), and daytime sleepiness positively predicted suicide risk ( β = 0.152). Daytime sleepiness partially mediated the role of nurses' work-family behavioral role conflict and suicide risk, with a mediation effect value of 0.046 and a mediation effect accounting for 38.98%., Conclusion: The results of the Pearson correlation analysis and mediation effect analysis revealed that nurses' work-family behavioral role conflict has a direct effect on suicide risk and indirectly affects suicide risk through daytime drowsiness symptoms., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article., (©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)

Viral infection is an important component of the environmental factors that contribute to the production of autoimmune antibodies and autoimmune diseases. There is considerable evidence that COVID-19 patients are more likely to develop several types of autoimmune diseases. Therefore, some researchers hypothesize that COVID-19 infection may trigger the autoimmune response in genetically susceptible individuals. This article presents a case of COVID-19 infection with tracheobronchomalacia. The possible relationship between the pathogenesis of tracheobronchial chondritis and COVID-19 infection is discussed in this article. Respiratory physicians should be aware of the possible relationship between COVID-19 infection and autoimmune disease, and then make better clinical decisions for these patients.

Accurately predicting activation energies is crucial for understanding chemical reactions and modeling complex reaction systems. However, the high computational cost of quantum chemistry methods often limits the feasibility of large-scale studies, leading to a scarcity of high-quality activation energy data. In this work, we explore and compare three innovative approaches (transfer learning, delta learning, and feature engineering) to enhance the accuracy of activation energy predictions using graph neural networks, specifically focusing on methods that incorporate low-cost, low-level computational data. Using the Chemprop model, we systematically evaluated how these methods leverage data from semiempirical quantum mechanics (SQM) calculations to improve predictions. Delta learning, which adjusts low-level SQM activation energies to align with high-level CCSD(T)-F12a targets, emerged as the most effective method, achieving high accuracy with substantially reduced data requirements. Notably, delta learning trained with just 20-30% of high-level data matched or exceeded the performance of other methods trained with full data sets, making it advantageous in data-scarce scenarios. However, its reliance on transition state searches imposes significant computational demands during model application. Transfer learning, which pretrains models on large data sets of low-level data, provided mixed results, particularly when there was a mismatch in the reaction distributions between the training and target data sets. Feature engineering, which involves adding computed molecular properties as input features, showed modest gains, particularly in thermodynamic properties. Our study highlights the trade-offs between accuracy and computational demand in selecting the best approach for enhancing activation energy predictions. These insights provide valuable guidelines for researchers aiming to apply machine learning in chemical reaction engineering, helping to balance accuracy with resource constraints.

New stationary phases including polar embedded stationary phases that are capable of utilising green mobile phases have recently emerged. This study presents two straightforward strategies for preparing C18 phases with distinct polar-embedded groups: thioether (C18 T ) and quaternary ammonium (C18 Q ). The two strategies were assessed based on convenience, cost, yield, and time efficiency. After successful characterization, the phases and commercial C18 phases were thoroughly evaluated using various standard substances and testing protocols. Both C18 T and C18 Q exhibited excellent wettability in highly aqueous mobile phases and good shape selectivity. C18 T which has a low bonding density, demonstrated an impressive level of selectivity in the separation of basic compounds compared to other phases. In comparison, C18 Q exhibited enhanced performance in separating acidic compounds, benefiting from the embedded quaternary ammonium groups. The present study proposes a novel approach for constructing polar embedded alkyl stationary phases, which represents a necessary supplement to the existing C18 materials., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Crown Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Wildlife camera trap (CT) surveys typically employ two-dimensional equal-area grid sampling, which often neglects the influence of complex mountainous terrain on species distribution, potentially yielding misleading outcomes. A watershed, incorporating diverse habitats from high to low elevations and from rivers to ridges, aligns with complex mountains. Monitoring based on watersheds might address this. In southwest China's mountain forests, under comparable sampling intensities, we contrasted the capture rate (CR), species richness, and relative abundance index (RAI) of dominant species among watershed, 1 × 1 km² grid, and elevation gradient patterns. Also, habitat factor correlations and heterogeneities were analyzed. Results reveal higher CR, species richness, and habitat heterogeneity in the watershed pattern. The elevation gradient pattern shows more stable species and RAI than the grid pattern. In small-scale mountains, topographic factors indirectly affect CT survey results via vegetation distribution. Analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) indicates significant differences in species and community among watersheds. Using watersheds as sampling units for CTs can match the mountains' elevation differences and complex topography well, aids in capturing wildlife diversity and understanding mountain species distribution. Therefore, we recommend that the spatial sample design in mountainous areas should be based on watersheds, taking elevation gradients and topography into consideration., Competing Interests: Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2025. The Author(s).)

The tree shrew brain has garnered considerable attention due to its remarkable similarities to human brain. However, the cellular composition and genetic signatures of tree shrew hippocampus across postnatal life remain poorly characterized. Here, we establish the first single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of tree shrew hippocampus spanning postnatal life, detailing the dynamics and diversity of the neurogenic lineage, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells. Notably, cross-species transcriptomic comparison among humans, macaques, tree shrews, and mice reveals that the tree shrew transcriptome resembles that of macaques, making it a promising model for simulating human neurological diseases. More interestingly, we identified a unique class of tree shrew-specific neural stem cells and established SOX6, ADAMTS19, and MAP2 as their markers. Furthermore, aberrant gene expression and cellular dysfunction in the tree shrew hippocampus are linked to neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment during tree shrew aging. Our study provides extensive resources on cell composition and transcriptomic profiles, serving as a foundation for future research on neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders in tree shrews., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (© The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.)

Heart failure (HF) is a major cardiovascular disorder characterised by high prevalence and mortality rate. Recent studies have emphasised the role of autophagy in development and progression of HF. Dysfunctions in lysosomes and autophagic processes are closely associated with the aetiology of HF. Puerarin (PUE), a traditional Chinese medicine known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties, is widely used for the treatment of HF. However, the effectiveness of PUE in HF management via the modulation of autophagy requires further investigation. We used a mouse model of transverse aortic constriction to investigate protective effects of PUE on the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP). We assessed heart function using echocardiography and performed histological staining for fibrosis and hypertrophy. RT-qPCR for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)/brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and Western blotting for p62/LC3/LAMP1/Beclin1 were performed. Immunofluorescence was used to identify the autophagosomes, autolysosomes and lysosomes. In addition, immunohistochemistry was performed to detect acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) and ceramides. ASM siRNA was transfected into cardiomyocytes to evaluate autophagy. PUE treatment significantly reduced myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy in HF-induced mice. PUE also effectively ameliorated ALP impairment in HF-induced mice and H9c2 cells. Mechanistically, PUE restored lysosomal homeostasis by inhibiting ASM expression and lysosomal transport, thereby enhancing lysosomal activity. These results underscore the therapeutic potential of PUE in correcting the ASM-mediated disruption of the HF-linked autophagy-lysosomal pathway., (© 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

The high energy demands of primates during pregnancy and lactation often limit their breeding success due to the availability of food resources. Until now, few studies have focused on the effects of continuous provisioning on primate reproduction. To assess the impact of continuous provisioning on breeding success, we collected data on female reproductive status (primiparous or multiparous), maternal age of births, births, deaths, and sex of infants in a free-ranging semi-provisioned band (FSB) of Rhinopithecus bieti in China from 2010 to 2023. Our results indicate that provisioning significantly increases infant survival. After 8 years of provisioning, 11 females began a pattern of giving birth to infants in two continuous years, skipping reproduction in the third year, and resuming in the fourth year. Continuous provisioning led to a year-by-year reduction in the interbirth interval (IBI) and a gradual decrease in the primiparous age. The percentage of consecutively breeding females (CBFs) and their offspring increased annually and with the mother's ages. Conversely, the percentage of offspring from non-consecutively breeding females (NBFs) decreased over time and with maternal age. Each CBF annually produced 9.4% more infants compared to NBFs. Compared to NBFs, CBFs had a higher maternal age at births, a higher fertility rate, a higher infant survival rate, and a 11.7% shorter IBI. Furthermore, compared to the non-provisioned wild band (NPB), females in the FSB gave birth 128 days earlier, had an 18.9% annual increase in the number of offspring per female, and showed 1.2 times higher infant survival beyond 12 months. Our study demonstrates that provisioning significantly enhances reproductive success and population size. However, before promoting provisioning as a conservation tool to stabilize and recover endangered wildlife populations, it is essential to thoroughly evaluate its potential risks, such as nutritional imbalances, increased stress, and the transmission of diseases., (© 2025 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

GWASs have identified many loci associated with osteoporosis, but the underlying genetic regulatory mechanisms and the potential drug target need to be explored. Here, a new regulatory mechanism is found that a GWAS intergenic SNP (rs4683184) functions as an enhancer to influence the binding affinity of transcription factor RUNX2, whose phase separation can mediate the long-range chromatin interaction between enhancer and target gene XCR1 (a member of the GPCR family), leading to changes of XCR1 expression and osteoblast differentiation. Bone-targeting AAV of Xcr1 can improve bone formation in osteoporosis mice, suggesting that XCR1 can be a new susceptibility gene for osteoporosis. This study is the first to link non-coding SNP with phase separation, providing a new insight into long-range chromatin regulation mechanisms with susceptibility to complex diseases, and finding a potential target for the development of osteoporosis drugs and corresponding translational research., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

PANoptosis is an emerging form of regulated cell death (RCD) characterized by simultaneous activation of pyroptotic, apoptotic, and necroptotic signaling that not only participates in pathologies of inflammatory diseases but also has a critical role against pathogenic infections. Targeting PANoptosis represents a promising therapeutic strategy for related inflammatory diseases, but identification of inhibitors for PANoptosis remains an unmet demand. Baicalin () is an active flavonoid isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Huangqin), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb used for heat-clearing and detoxifying. Numerous studies suggest that baicalin possesses inhibitory activities on various forms of RCD including apoptosis/secondary necrosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, thereby mitigating inflammatory responses. In this study we investigated the effects of baicalin on PANoptosis in macrophage cellular models. Primary macrophages (BMDMs) or J774A.1 macrophage cells were treated with 5Z-7-oxozeaenol (OXO, an inhibitor for TAK1) in combination with TNF-α or LPS. We showed that OXO plus TNF-α or LPS induced robust lytic cell death, which was dose-dependently inhibited by baicalin (50-200 μM). We demonstrated that PANoptosis induction was accompanied by overt mitochondrial injury, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release and Z-DNA formation. Z-DNA was formed from cytosolic oxidized mtDNA. Both oxidized mtDNA and mitochondrial Z-DNA puncta were co-localized with the PANoptosome (including ZBP1, RIPK3, ASC, and caspase-8), a platform for mediating PANoptosis. Intriguingly, baicalin not only prevented mitochondrial injury but also blocked mtDNA release, Z-DNA formation and PANoptosome assembly. Knockdown of ZBP1 markedly decreased PANoptotic cell death. In a mouse model of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), administration of baicalin (200 mg/kg, i.g., for 4 times) significantly mitigated lung and liver injury and reduced levels of serum TNF-α and IFN-γ, concomitant with decreased levels of PANoptosis hallmarks in these organs. Baicalin also abrogated the hallmarks of PANoptosis in liver-resident macrophages (Kupffer cells) in HLH mice. Collectively, our results demonstrate that baicalin inhibits PANoptosis in macrophages by blocking mitochondrial Z-DNA formation and ZBP1-PANoptosome assembly, thus conferring protection against inflammatory diseases. PANoptosis is a form of regulated cell death displaying simultaneous activation of pyroptotic, apoptotic, and necroptotic signaling. This study shows that induction of PANoptosis is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial Z-DNA formation. Baicalin inhibits PANoptosis in macrophages in vitro via blocking mitochondrial dysfunction and the mitochondrial Z-DNA formation and thereby impeding the assembly of ZBP1-associated PANoptosome. In a mouse model of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), baicalin inhibits the activation of PANoptotic signaling in liver-resident macrophages (Kupffer cells) in vivo, thus mitigating systemic inflammation and multiple organ injury in mice., Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Pharmacological Society.)

Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) infection is a known inducer of various gastrointestinal diseases, including gastritis, gastric ulcers, and gastric cancer. However, in recent years, research on the potential association between H. pylori infection and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) has been scarce. This large-scale multicenter study, covering more than 360 hospitals across 26 medical systems in the United States, systematically evaluated the association between H. pylori infection and MASH. This paper reviews the innovative aspects of this study, discusses its significance in the current research field of H. pylori and liver diseases, analyzes potential molecular mechanisms, and suggests future research directions and therapeutic prospects., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)

In light of the extensive applications of sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds in drug discovery, agrochemicals, and advanced materials, the construction of complex sulfur-containing molecular scaffolds has flourished in recent years. There is a profound interest in synthetic methods for forming carbon-sulfur bonds. Regarding this, transition metal (TM)-catalyzed C-H bond activation has emerged as a valuable means for the rapid formation of C-S bonds, although it is comparatively less explored than C-N or C-C bonds. The research significance of sulfur-directed C-H activation chemistry lies in maintaining a balance between activating and poisoning the catalyst as well as in the diversity and novelty of its properties. This review centers on sulfur-directed TM-catalyzed cascade C-H activation/cyclization with alkyne and encompasses the literature mainly from 2012 to 2024. The widely acknowledged reactivity and versatility of rhodium, ruthenium, and cobalt catalysts have given rise to various captivating cascade processes. For most reactions illustrated in this review, reactivity and selectivity are attained through the flexible synergistic combination of different metal catalysts and additives. Further advancements will be accompanied with the discovery of innovative sulfur-directing groups, chiral catalysis, and ground-breaking experimental techniques. This article will also inspire researchers to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanism, thus undoubtedly leading to innovations and more discoveries in the future.

Objective: The surgical team in this study examined the efficacy of a modified reverse sural neurocutaneous flap repair in treating soft tissue defects of the ankle and foot caused by accidents., Methods: This study enrolled 89 patients treated for soft tissue defects of the ankle or foot between January 2007 and December 2023. The patients were divided into two groups: 44 patients underwent a modified reverse sural neurocutaneous flap repair, while 45 received traditional treatment. The modified technique involved repairing various anatomical structures, including fascia, the saphenous nerve, the great saphenous vein, subcutaneous tissue, and skin, with flap sizes ranging from 14 to 152 cm². In the traditional treatment group, the distal perforator of the peroneal artery was identified 5 cm above the lateral malleolus. Island fasciocutaneous flaps were designed along the sural nerve and lesser saphenous vein, elevated subfascially, rotated 180 degrees, and inset without tension. Donor sites were closed with grafts or direct sutures., Results: Of the 44 patients, who underwent the modified technique, 35 were male and 9 were female. Follow-up periods ranged from 2 to 24 weeks to monitor outcomes and recovery. The average size of the affected soft tissue was 71 cm 2 . Thirty-nine flaps survived completely, while three experienced partial necrosis and two had marginal necrosis. No cases of severe venous congestion were reported. The complication rate was lower with the modified method compared to the traditional repair (p < 0.05)., Conclusion: The modified reverse neurocutaneous flap repair is a reliable and structured approach to treating soft tissue defects of the ankle and foot. This method has demonstrated favorable patient outcomes and presents a promising avenue for future studies and clinical practice., Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All procedures involving participants in this study were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in 2013). The study received approval from the Ethics Committee of the General Hospital of Hunan Medical College (KY-2022052604) and informed consent was obtained from all patients. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Objects: Our aim was to identify changes in the metabolome in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) as well as to construct a metabolic diagnostic model for DCM., Methods: We utilized non-targeted metabolomics with a cross-sectional cohort of age- and sex-matched DCM patients and controls. Metabolomics data were analyzed using orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and pathway analysis. It was validated in combination with transcriptome sequencing data from public databases. Machine learning models were used for the diagnosis of DCM., Results: Using multiple analytical techniques, 130 metabolite alterations were identified in DCM compared to healthy controls. Perturbations in glycerophospholipid metabolism (GPL) were identified and validated as a characteristic metabolic pathway in DCM. Through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), we identified the 7 most important GPL metabolites, including LysoPA (16:0/0:0), LysoPA (18:1(9Z)/0:0), PC (20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)/20:1(11Z)), PC (20:0/14:0), LysoPC (16:0), PS(15:0/18:0), and PE(16:0/20:4 (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)). The machine learning models based on the seven metabolites all had good accuracy in distinguishing DCM [All area under the curve (AUC) > 0.900], and the artificial neural network (ANN) model performed the most consistently (AUC: 0.919 ± 0.075)., Conclusions: This study demonstrates that GPL metabolism may play a contributing role in the pathophysiological mechanisms of DCM. The 7-GPL metabolite model may help for early diagnosis of DCM., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2025 Published by Elsevier Ltd.)