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We investigate the properties of the holographic Fermionic system dual to an anisotropic charged black brane bulk in Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton-Axion gravity theory. We consider the minimal coupling between the Dirac field and the gauge field in the bulk gravity theory and mainly explore the dispersion relation exponents of the Green functions of the dual Fermionic operators in the dual field theory. We find that along both the anisotropic and the isotropic directions the Fermi momentum will be effected by the anisotropy of the bulk theory. However, the anisotropy has influence on the dispersion relation which is almost linear for massless Fermions with charge q=2. The universal properties that the mass and the charge of the Fermi possibly correspond to nonlinear dispersion relation are also investigated.

The balance between various elements of the ecosystem has been the focus of research related to the ecology of global change and biogeochemical cycles. Ecological stoichiometry is the study of the balance of energy and elements in biological systems and based on the general laws of physics, chemistry and biology. Ecological stoichiometry provides an integrated approach to investigating the stoichiometric relationships and rules in biogeochemical cycling and ecological processes. The primary nutrient elements, carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), play an important role in plant growth and regulating various botanic physiological functions. The cycling of N and P are tightl coupled to C cycling in ecosystems, primarily through aspects related to ecosystem carbon primary production. Leaf C, N and P stoichiometry varies throughout many aspects of plant biology. The ratios of C :N, C : P and N : P may reflect the balance between the plant demand in relation to N and P availability and may constrain various processes. Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry of plants reflect the utilization efficiency of plants with regard to soil nutrient elements. After a long period of evolution, plants had form and their own unique ecophysiology and ecologicai stoichiometry in kartt landscapes. Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus stoichiometry of plant leaves can reveai the regularity of nutrient cycling within kartt ecosystems. Three quadrats, sized 20 m×20 m, in a secondary forett in the kartt area of Maocun, Guilin were selected. A totai of 186 samples of 12 plant types were collected. The ecologicai stoichiometry of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus were analyzed using multivariate statistically analysis to study the relationship between them and explored ecologicai indicating functions of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry in kartt ecosystems. The results were as follows: Firstly, C, N, and P values in the samples' plant leaves were (456.19 ± 2.16) mg.g-1 , (7.71 ± 0.26) mg.g-1 , and (0.89 ± 0.02) mg.g-1 , respectively. Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus values were all lower than China's and globai averages. Although the higher contents of N and P in the kartt limestone soil because of their low availability and their slow uptake and utilization efficiencies, nitrogen and phosphorus still presented as common limitations to plant growth within the kartt area. Secondly, in this study, C : N, C s P, and N : P in the plant leaves of the samples were 80.86 ± 6.74, 639.65 ± 53.79, and 10.42 ± 0.89 , respectively. Because the contents of N and P in plant leaves in the kartt area were signifiicantly lower, it resulted in higher C : N and C : P values. Thirdly, the rules of N : P was less than 14, indicating nitrogen limits; N : P was more than 16 ndicating nitrogen limits; and N : P between 14 and 16 showed that nitrogen and phosphorus limits were not entirely suitable for determining the limiting nutrient elements within the kartt area. Lastly, correlation analysis between elements showed that there was a significant negative correlation between leff C and N (P<70.01), and a significantly negative correlation between C and P (P ± 0.05) , while there was a significant positive correlation between N and P (P<0.01). This correlation reflected the change of the relative consistency of nutrient elements of plants. The results contributed to the understanding of plant adaptive mechanisms and ecological geochemical process, providing the theory basis for ecological control of the kartt area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A field pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of biochar on the properties of karst limestone soil and crop growth with the plants of maize and soybean planted respectively, five mass percentage levels of biochar from sugarcane bagasse were divided and added into limestone soil, which were no biochar(CK),0.5%(T1),1%(T2),2%(T3)and 5%(T4). The results showed that biochar did not have significant effects on soil pH and available N. However, the soil bulk density was reduced significantly, and the SOC, total N, available P and available K were increased because of the biochar. As compared to the control, the contents of TOC after the treatments of T2,T3 and T4 in maize and soybean group increased by 53.01%,96.77%,237.03% and 32.66%,107.84%,256.46%,respectively,available P significantly increased by 32.26%,34.78%,85.37% and 34.85%,35.60%,81.71%,available K significantly increased by 41.93%,82.49%,155.15% and 69.77%,116.58%,206.91%,respectively. The soil total N after treatments of T3 and T4 in maize and soybean group significantly increased by 5.68%,25.57% and 9.04%,19.77%,respectively. The dry weight of maize cob after treatments of T3 and T4 significantly increased by 11.51%,16.41%,respectively. However, soybean significantly increased 11.07%,11.24%,35.14%,24.89% in T1,T2,T3 and T4 treatments, respectively. Therefore, biochar from bagasse as soil amendment, improved soil properties and nutrients to some extent, accelerate maize and soybean growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry, as the ecological indicators, were investigated to interpret the nutrient cycle between each ingredient in karst area,as well as to illuminate the stability of karst e-cosystem. [Method ] Surface soil samples from summit of hill, hillside to the foot of a karst hill were collected respectively in secondary forest of karst area. Soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN)and total phosphorus (TP were tested to reveal the soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry in different karst landforms. [Result] The contents of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus range from 28.09 to 189.98 g/kg, 1.19 to 8.79 g/kg, and 0.50 to 1.62 g/kg respectively.The content of P in soil was stable, and the variation of C and N was similar. Soil C1N ratio ranges from 3.66 to 47.27, C1P ratio ranges from 26.25 to 189.06 and N1P ratio ranges from 1.52 to 12.80. C/N and C/P were not normal distribution, while N/P was normal distribution (P>0.05). The contents of SOC and TN were the highest at the foot of the mountain and have a significant difference with that of hillside and peak of the mountain (P<0.05 ,the same below). The content of TP at the peak was significantly higher than that of the foot of the mountain and hillside. The C/N increases with the increase of altitude, while the trend of N/P and C/P was the opposite, that was, with the increase of the altitude, N/P and C/P was gradually smaller. And there were significant differences between different landforms. Between two of SOC ,TN and TP, there was extremely significant positive correlation(P<0.01, the same below).The relationship between C/N and C/P wasex-tremely significantpositive correlation, and between C/N and N/P was extremely significant negative correlation, whilethe relationship between C/P and N/P was extremely significant positive correlation. [Conclusion] The contents of soil organic matter is higher than that of other soils in the same climate condition. The total contents of both nitrogen and phosphorus are rich, but from the stoichiometry, the available contents of them are low. And the soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoi-chiometryis influenced by the landforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a toxic stimulant to macrophage inflammation. Inflammation intersects cell metabolism and often directs host immunopathogenesis stress. We aim here at pharmacological discovering of formononetin (FMN) action, to which anti-inflammatory signaling spans across immune membrane receptors and second messenger metabolites. In ANA-1 macrophage stimulated by LPS, and simultaneous treatment with FMN, results show the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and estrogen receptor (ER) signals, in concert with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), respectively. LPS stimulates inactivation of the ROS-dependent nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by upregulating TLR4, but it does not affect cAMP. However, FMN treatment not only activates Nrf2 signaling by TLR4 inhibition, but also it activates cAMP-dependent protein kinase activities by upregulating ER. The cAMP activity gives rise to phosphorylation (p-) of protein kinase A, liver kinase B1 and 5'-AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK). Moreover, bidirectional signal crosstalk is amplified between p-AMPK and ROS, as FMN combinational validation with AMPK activator/inhibitor/target small-interfering RNA or ROS scavenger. The signal crosstalk is well positioned serving as the ˈplug-inˈ knot for rather long signaling axis, and the immune-to-metabolic circuit via ER/TLR4 signal transduction. Collectively, convergence of the FMN-activated signals drives significant reduction of cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-6 and NLR family pyrin domain-containing protein 3, in LPS-stimulated cell. Although anti-inflammatory signaling is specifically related to the immune-type macrophage, the p-AMPK antagonizing effect arises from FMN combination with ROS scavenger H-bond donors. Information of our work assists in predictive traits against macrophage inflammatory challenges, using phytoestrogen discoveries. [Display omitted] • FMN exerts anti-inflammatory activities in LPS-stimulated ANA-1 macrophage. • Bidirectional signal crosstalk between p-AMPK and ROS is activated by FMN. • ER/TLR4, cAMP/ROS-dependent signals transduce in a rather long circular axis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Holey graphyne (HGY), a novel two-dementional 2D single-crystalline carbon allotrope, was recently synthesized by Castro-Stephens coupling reaction. The naturally existing uniform periodic holes in the 2D carbon-carbon network demonstrate its promising potential in the energy storage. Herein, we conducted density functional theory (DFT) calculation to predict the hydrogen storage capacity of HGY sheet. It is found the Li-decorated single-layer HGY can serve as a promising candidate for hydrogen storage. Our DFT calculations demonstrate that Li atoms can bind strongly to the HGY sheet without the formation of Li clusters, and each Li atom can anchor four H2 molecules with the average adsorption energy about 0.22 eV/H2. The largest hydrogen storage capacity of the doped HGY sheet can reach as high as 12.8 wt%, largely surpassing the target of the U. S. DOE (9 wt%), showing the Li/HGY complex is an ideal hydrogen storage material at ambient conditions. In addition, we investigate the polarization mechanism of the storage media and find that the polarization is originated from both the electric field induced by the ionic Li decorated on the HGY and the weak polarized hydrogen molecules dominated the H2 adsorption process., (© 2021 IOP Publishing Ltd.)