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To investigate the clinical efficacy of dexamethasone (Dex) combined with isoniazid in tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and its effect on peripheral blood T cell subsets.

The ultra large aspect ratio gear structure is increasingly widely used in gearboxes for aerospace, high-speed equipment, and heavy equipment to meet the performance requirements of narrow center distance and high torque. The conventional gear specification calculation accuracy is difficult to meet the performance requirements of ultra large aspect ratio gears. The article comprehensively summarizes the current mainstream methods for gear modification and dynamic performance research. It is recommended to use the finite element method to calculate the bending deformation, shear deformation, compression deformation, gear matrix deformation, Hertz contact deformation, and gear meshing stiffness of the gear teeth, coupled with the bending and torsional deformation of the gear shaft under bearing constraints. In the presence of uncertain factors such as manufacturing and installation, accurate gear contact deformation and modification results can be calculated. Furthermore, a robust optimization method for uncertain systems is adopted to reduce the transmission error fluctuations of gears from the source of gearbox vibration, in order to achieve robust dynamic optimization effects.

The slow transport dynamics and poor dendritic growth significantly hinder the performance of zinc metal batteries. Here, a unique difunctional ion rectification strategy is developed using vacuum evaporation technology to design a coated separator for efficient ion transport. The highly conductive Cu‐coated separator acts as an ion redistributor, ensuring homogenized electric field distribution. The excellent znophilicity of the copper coating acts as an ion accelerator, promoting ion transport and facilitating face‐to‐face zinc deposition on the separator. Consequently, this synergy enables stable battery operation at high current densities (cumulative capacity up to 10 800 mAh cm−2 at 8 mA cm−2) and high depth of discharge (over 200 h at 94% DOD). The Cu‐coated separator exhibits a reversible plating/stripping life of over 2400 h with an average coulombic efficiency of 99.88%. Notably, the Cu‐coated separator significantly enhances the rate performance and cycle capacity of Zn||V6O13 and Zn||MnO2 full cells. This functional separator with a difunctional ion rectification strategy presents a promising solution to the challenge of zinc metal anodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The utilization of hybrid aqueous electrolytes has significantly broadened the electrochemical and temperature ranges of aqueous batteries, such as aqueous zinc and lithium‐ion batteries, but the design principles for extreme operating conditions remain poorly understood. Here, we systematically unveil the ternary interaction involving salt‐water‐organic co‐solvents and its intricate impacts on both the atomic‐level and macroscopic structural features of the hybrid electrolytes. This highlights a distinct category of micelle‐like structure electrolytes featuring organic‐enriched phases and nanosized aqueous electrolyte aggregates, enabled by appropriate low donor number co‐solvents and amphiphilic anions. Remarkably, the electrolyte enables exceptional high solubility, accommodating up to 29.8 m zinc triflate within aqueous micelles. This configuration maintains an intra‐micellar salt‐in‐water setup, allowing for a broad electrochemical window (up to 3.86 V), low viscosity, and state‐of‐the‐art ultralow‐temperature zinc ion conductivity (1.58 mS cm−1 at −80 °C). Building upon the unique nature of the inhomogeneous localized aggregates, this micelle‐like electrolyte facilitates dendrite‐free Zn plating/stripping, even at −80 °C. The assembled Zn||PANI battery showcases an impressive capacity of 71.8 mAh g−1 and an extended lifespan of over 3000 cycles at −80 °C. This study opens up a promising approach in electrolyte design that transcends conventional local atomic solvation structures, broadening the water‐in‐salt electrolyte concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our prior research has effectively developed tissue-engineered vascularized oral mucosa equivalents (VOME); however, challenges such as low repeatability and stability, as well as the inability to accurately replicate the complexity of real blood vessels, were encountered. Therefore, this study aimed to screen the VOME and native oral mucosa vascular homeostasis phenotypes by tandem mass tag-tagged proteomics associated with laser capture microdissection and human angiogenesis antibody array technology. Then, lentiviruses were constructed and stably transfected with vascular endothelial-like cells (VELCs) to detect angiogenic capacity. HE, EdU Apollo tracer staining, immunofluorescence staining, scanning electron microscopy, biomechanical testing, and a small animal ultrasound imaging system were used to analyze the characteristics of vascularization homeostasis and monitor functional regeneration of the vascularized homeostatic phenotypic oral mucosal equivalents (VHPOME). The results showed that PGAM1, COL5A1, ANG, and RNH1 are potential specific angiogenesis phenotypes. High expression of PGAM1, COL5A1, and ANG and/or low expression of RNH1 can promote the angiogenesis of VOME. ANG/shRNH1 has the most significant tube-like structure-formation ability. The expression of PGAM1, COL5A1, and ANG in the VHPOME group was higher than that of the control group, and the expression of RNH1 was lower than that of the control group. COL5A1/ANG can significantly improve the mechanical properties. The blood flow signal was most significant in the ANG/shRNH1 group. PGAM1, COL5A1, ANG, shRNH1, PGAM1/ANG, COL5A1/ANG, PGAM1/shRNH1, PGAM1/shRNH1, COL5A1/shRNH1, and ANG/shRNH1 may be the targets for establishing vascularization homeostasis and functional regeneration of oral mucosal equivalent genes (groups), and ANG/shRNH1 has the most significant effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recently developed CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cpf1 system expands the range of genome editing and is emerging as an alternative powerful tool for both plant functional genomics and crop improvement. Cpf1-CRISPR RNA (crRNA) produces double strand DNA breaks (DSBs) with long 5'-protruding ends, which may facilitate the pairing and insertion of repair templates through homology-directed repair (HDR) for targeted gene replacement and introduction of the desired DNA elements at specific gene loci for crop improvement. However, the potential mechanism underlying HDR of DSBs generated by Cpf1-crRNA remains to be investigated, and the inherent low efficiency of HDR and poor availability of exogenous donor DNA as repair templates strongly impede the use of HDR for precise genome editing in crop plants. Here, we provide evidence of synthesis-dependent repair of Cpf1-induced DSBs, which enables us precisely to replace the wild-type ALS gene with the intended mutant version that carries two discrete point mutations conferring herbicide resistance to rice plants. Our observation that the donor repair template (DRT) with only the left homologous arm is sufficient for precise targeted allele replacement offers a better understanding of the mechanism underlying HDR in plants, and greatly simplifies the design of DRTs for precision genome editing in crop improvement.