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Background: Stage IB-IIA Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma (CSCC) presents diverse clinical outcomes, the mechanisms that cause recurrence in CC patients remain unclear. The goal of this study was to identify predictive biomarkers leading to tumor recurrence in IB-IIA CSCC after surgical treatment by comparing the transcriptional and immune landscape between the recurrence and non-recurrence group. Methods: We performed mRNA sequencing and multiplexed immunohistochemistry (mIHC) analysis among stage IB-IIA patients with or without recurrence after surgical resection and were followed-up for a median of three years. Results: Integrated analysis indicates that the upregulated gene expression in zinc finger proteins, the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, and the low infiltration level of T follicular helper cells and B-cells may serve as potential recurrent biomarkers for CSCC. We also observed significant differences in the immune and genomic landscape between two groups. Conclusions: These findings provide new insights into the relapse mechanisms of CSCC, which could potentially guide clinical exploration of drug targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aggregate luminescence behaviors of polymeric luminescent materials have been attracting great attention. However, the importance of the polymerization process on luminescence, namely, polymerization‐induced emission (PIE), has rarely been overviewed. In this review, recent advances in polymerization with PIE effects are summarized, including PIE with aromatic rings based on one‐/two‐/multi‐component polymerizations, and PIE without aromatic rings according to disparate mechanisms of polymerizations. Typical examples are selected to elaborate the basic design principles, as well as the properties and potential applications of the luminous polymers. Moreover, the challenges and perspectives in this area are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: As an emerging and efficient polymerization methodology, activated internal alkyne‐based polymerization has been considered as a powerful tool for the construction of polymers with diverse architectures and versatile functions. This review focuses on the recent progresses in the polymerization using mono‐activated, di‐activated, in‐situ generated, ring‐strained ethynyl groups as substrates, coupling with post‐modification on premade polymers containing activated internal ethynyl moieties. Representative examples are used to illustrate the fundamental design strategy, the development of polymerization and post‐functionalization, along with the properties and potential applications of the prepared polymers. Moreover, the challenges and perspectives in terms of new‐type active alkynes, green polymerization methodology, tailored regio‐/stereoselectivity modulation, and potentially expanded application in this area are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive Summary: As an emerging and efficient polymerization methodology, activated internal alkyne‐based polymerization has been considered as a powerful tool for the construction of polymers with diverse architectures and versatile functions. This review focuses on the recent progresses in the polymerization using mono‐activated, di‐activated, in‐situ generated, ring‐strained ethynyl groups as substrates, coupling with post‐modification on premade polymers containing activated internal ethynyl moieties. Representative examples are used to illustrate the fundamental design strategy, the development of polymerization and post‐functionalization, along with the properties and potential applications of the prepared polymers. Moreover, the challenges and perspectives in terms of new‐type active alkynes, green polymerization methodology, tailored regio‐/stereoselectivity modulation, and potentially expanded application in this area are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely applied as a supplementary therapy of human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in China. TCM has a positive effect on improving the quality of life, prolonging life, and ameliorating the symptoms of HIV/AIDS patients. Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney (YDSK) syndrome is a typical deficient TCM syndrome in AIDS patients, and accumulation of heat‐toxicity (AHT) syndrome is a common excessive syndrome in the earlier stage of AIDS. Thus, accurate diagnosis of these two syndromes can improve the targeted treatment effect, and predict the prognosis of the disease. However, the scientific basis of TCM syndromes remains lacking, greatly hindering the accuracy of diagnosis and effectiveness of treatment. In this research, microRNA (miRNA) microarray and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction combined with bioinformatics were used for comparative analysis between YDSK and AHT patients. Significantly differential expressed miRNAs (SDE‐miRNAs) of each TCM syndrome were identified, including hsa‐miR‐766‐3p and hsa‐miR‐1260a and so on, as well hsa‐miR‐6124, hsa‐let‐7g‐5p and so on, for YDSK and AHT, respectively. Biological differences were found between their SDE‐miRNAs based on bioinformatics analyses, for example, ErbB signaling pathway mainly linked to AHT, while focal adhesion dominated in YDSK. Syndrome‐specific SDE‐miRNAs were further identified as potential biomarkers, including hsa‐miR‐30e‐5p, hsa‐miR‐144‐5p for YDSK and hsa‐let‐7g‐5p, hsa‐miR‐126‐3p for AHT, respectively. All of them have laid biological and clinical bases for TCM diagnosis and treatment of AIDS syndrome at the miRNA level, offering potential diagnostic indicators of immune reconstitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]