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3. A Pleistocene legacy structures variation in modern seagrass ecosystems

Author

Duffy, J Emmett, Stachowicz, John J, Reynolds, Pamela L, Hovel, Kevin A, Jahnke, Marlene, Sotka, Erik E, Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn E, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H, Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, F Joel, Griffin, John N, Hereu, Clara M, Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V, Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan S, Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O’Connor, Mary I, O’Connor, Nessa E, Orth, Robert J, Peterson, Bradley J, Reiss, Henning, Reiss, Katrin, Richardson, J Paul, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer L, Schultz, Stewart T, Thormar, Jonas, Tomas, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A, Ziegler, Shelby L, and Olsen, Jeanine L

Subjects
Climate Action, Acclimatization, Animals, Biological Evolution, Biomass, Ecosystem, Food Chain, Invertebrates, Zosteraceae, biogeography, climate, foundation species, genetic structure
Abstract

Distribution of Earth's biomes is structured by the match between climate and plant traits, which in turn shape associated communities and ecosystem processes and services. However, that climate-trait match can be disrupted by historical events, with lasting ecosystem impacts. As Earth's environment changes faster than at any time in human history, critical questions are whether and how organismal traits and ecosystems can adjust to altered conditions. We quantified the relative importance of current environmental forcing versus evolutionary history in shaping the growth form (stature and biomass) and associated community of eelgrass (Zostera marina), a widespread foundation plant of marine ecosystems along Northern Hemisphere coastlines, which experienced major shifts in distribution and genetic composition during the Pleistocene. We found that eelgrass stature and biomass retain a legacy of the Pleistocene colonization of the Atlantic from the ancestral Pacific range and of more recent within-basin bottlenecks and genetic differentiation. This evolutionary legacy in turn influences the biomass of associated algae and invertebrates that fuel coastal food webs, with effects comparable to or stronger than effects of current environmental forcing. Such historical lags in phenotypic acclimatization may constrain ecosystem adjustments to rapid anthropogenic climate change, thus altering predictions about the future functioning of ecosystems.

Published
2022

4. The biogeography of community assembly: latitude and predation drive variation in community trait distribution in a guild of epifaunal crustaceans

Author

Gross, Collin P, Duffy, J Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A, Kardish, Melissa R, Reynolds, Pamela L, Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn E, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H, Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, F Joel, Griffin, John N, Hereu, Clara M, Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V, Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen, Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary I, O'Connor, Nessa E, Olsen, Jeanine L, Orth, Robert J, Peterson, Bradley J, Reiss, Henning, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E, Thormar, Jonas, Tomas, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin P, Whalen, Matthew A, Ziegler, Shelby L, and Stachowicz, John J

Subjects
Animals, Crustacea, Ecosystem, Oceans and Seas, Predatory Behavior, Zosteraceae, community assembly, functional traits, latitudinal gradient, predation, historical contingency, eelgrass epifauna, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract

While considerable evidence exists of biogeographic patterns in the intensity of species interactions, the influence of these patterns on variation in community structure is less clear. Studying how the distributions of traits in communities vary along global gradients can inform how variation in interactions and other factors contribute to the process of community assembly. Using a model selection approach on measures of trait dispersion in crustaceans associated with eelgrass (Zostera marina) spanning 30° of latitude in two oceans, we found that dispersion strongly increased with increasing predation and decreasing latitude. Ocean and epiphyte load appeared as secondary predictors; Pacific communities were more overdispersed while Atlantic communities were more clustered, and increasing epiphytes were associated with increased clustering. By examining how species interactions and environmental filters influence community structure across biogeographic regions, we demonstrate how both latitudinal variation in species interactions and historical contingency shape these responses. Community trait distributions have implications for ecosystem stability and functioning, and integrating large-scale observations of environmental filters, species interactions and traits can help us predict how communities may respond to environmental change.

Published
2022

5. Climate drives the geography of marine consumption by changing predator communities

Author

Whalen, Matthew A, Whippo, Ross DB, Stachowicz, John J, York, Paul H, Aiello, Erin, Alcoverro, Teresa, Altieri, Andrew H, Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, Bertolini, Camilla, Bresch, Midoli, Bulleri, Fabio, Carnell, Paul E, Cimon, Stéphanie, Connolly, Rod M, Cusson, Mathieu, Diskin, Meredith S, D’Souza, Elrika, Flores, Augusto AV, Fodrie, F Joel, Galloway, Aaron WE, Gaskins, Leo C, Graham, Olivia J, Hanley, Torrance C, Henderson, Christopher J, Hereu, Clara M, Hessing-Lewis, Margot, Hovel, Kevin A, Hughes, Brent B, Hughes, A Randall, Hultgren, Kristin M, Jänes, Holger, Janiak, Dean S, Johnston, Lane N, Jorgensen, Pablo, Kelaher, Brendan P, Kruschel, Claudia, Lanham, Brendan S, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan S, Lozano-Álvarez, Enrique, Macreadie, Peter I, Monteith, Zachary L, O’Connor, Nessa E, Olds, Andrew D, O’Leary, Jennifer K, Patrick, Christopher J, Pino, Oscar, Poore, Alistair GB, Rasheed, Michael A, Raymond, Wendel W, Reiss, Katrin, Rhoades, O Kennedy, Robinson, Max T, Ross, Paige G, Rossi, Francesca, Schlacher, Thomas A, Seemann, Janina, Silliman, Brian R, Smee, Delbert L, Thiel, Martin, Unsworth, Richard KF, van Tussenbroek, Brigitta I, Vergés, Adriana, Yeager, Mallarie E, Yednock, Bree K, Ziegler, Shelby L, and Duffy, J Emmett

Subjects
Life Below Water, Climate Action, Alismatales, Animals, Biodiversity, Biomass, Climate, Female, Fisheries, Fishes, Food Chain, Geography, Global Warming, Humans, Male, latitudinal gradients, trophic processes, seagrass, biogeography, macroecology
Abstract

The global distribution of primary production and consumption by humans (fisheries) is well-documented, but we have no map linking the central ecological process of consumption within food webs to temperature and other ecological drivers. Using standardized assays that span 105° of latitude on four continents, we show that rates of bait consumption by generalist predators in shallow marine ecosystems are tightly linked to both temperature and the composition of consumer assemblages. Unexpectedly, rates of consumption peaked at midlatitudes (25 to 35°) in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres across both seagrass and unvegetated sediment habitats. This pattern contrasts with terrestrial systems, where biotic interactions reportedly weaken away from the equator, but it parallels an emerging pattern of a subtropical peak in marine biodiversity. The higher consumption at midlatitudes was closely related to the type of consumers present, which explained rates of consumption better than consumer density, biomass, species diversity, or habitat. Indeed, the apparent effect of temperature on consumption was mostly driven by temperature-associated turnover in consumer community composition. Our findings reinforce the key influence of climate warming on altered species composition and highlight its implications for the functioning of Earth's ecosystems.

Published
2020

6. Joint effects of patch edges and habitat degradation on faunal predation risk in a widespread marine foundation species

Author

Hovel, Kevin A., Duffy, J. Emmett, Stachowicz, John J., Reynolds, Pamela, Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn E., Cimon, Stéphanie, Cusson, Mathieu, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Gagnon, Karine, Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O’Connor, Nessa E., Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Tomas, Fiona, and Ziegler, Shelby

Published
2021

8. Tuft Dynamics and the Reproductive Phenology of Zostera caespitosa on the Southern Coast of Korea.

Author

Im, Dahyeok, Kim, Seung Hyeon, Kim, Hyegwang, Suonan, Zhaxi, Zhang, Fei, Song, Hwi-June, and Lee, Kun-Seop

Subjects
WATER temperature, TERRITORIAL waters, ENDANGERED species, ZOSTERA, SEAGRASSES, ZOSTERA marina
Abstract

The aim of study is to determine which environmental factors could influence the biological traits of Z. caespitosa, a unique tuft-forming seagrass. This study examined the dynamics of tufts and the growth of Z. caespitosa, along with the environmental factors. The reproductive traits were also examined to estimate the potential importance of sexual reproduction in population persistence. The density of tufts remained constant, and no new tufts produced through seedling recruitment were observed throughout the sampling period. On the other hand, the tuft size and growth exhibited clear seasonal manners and strong correlations with the water temperature, indicating that water temperature regulates the tuft dynamics and growth. The optimal growth temperature for Z. caespitosa at the study site was approximately ~22.5 °C during early summer, with growth severely inhibited during periods of high-water temperatures. Z. caespitosa was characterized by a low flowering percentage and fewer inflorescences, resulting in extremely low potential seed production. Z. caespitosa maintained its populations through clonal tuft growth with low sexual reproduction and restricted growth at high water temperatures. Hence, this seagrass species may be vulnerable to disturbances, exhibiting low resilience and facing a high risk of becoming a threatened species in coastal waters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Blue Carbon Storage Capacity of Temperate Eelgrass (Zostera marina) Meadows

Author

Röhr, Maria Emilia, Holmer, Marianne, Baum, Julia K, Björk, Mats, Boyer, Katharyn, Chin, Diana, Chalifour, Lia, Cimon, Stephanie, Cusson, Mathieu, Dahl, Martin, Deyanova, Diana, Duffy, J Emmet, Eklöf, Johan S, Geyer, Julie K, Griffin, John N, Gullström, Martin, Hereu, Clara M, Hori, Masakazu, Hovel, Kevin A, Hughes, A Randall, Jorgensen, Pablo, Kiriakopolos, Stephanie, Moksnes, Per‐Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary I, Peterson, Bradley, Reiss, Katrin, Reynolds, Pamela L, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Santos, Rui, Stachowicz, John J, Tomas, Fiona, Lee, Kun‐Seop, Unsworth, Richard KF, and Boström, Christoffer

Subjects
Life Below Water, blue carbon, seagrass, Z, marina, Atmospheric Sciences, Geochemistry, Oceanography, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Despite the importance of coastal ecosystems for the global carbon budgets, knowledge of their carbon storage capacity and the factors driving variability in storage capacity is still limited. Here we provide an estimate on the magnitude and variability of carbon stocks within a widely distributed marine foundation species throughout its distribution area in temperate Northern Hemisphere. We sampled 54 eelgrass (Zostera marina) meadows, spread across eight ocean margins and 36° of latitude, to determine abiotic and biotic factors influencing organic carbon (Corg) stocks in Zostera marina sediments. The Corg stocks (integrated over 25-cm depth) showed a large variability and ranged from 318 to 26,523 g C/m2 with an average of 2,721 g C/m2. The projected Corg stocks obtained by extrapolating over the top 1 m of sediment ranged between 23.1 and 351.7 Mg C/ha, which is in line with estimates for other seagrasses and other blue carbon ecosystems. Most of the variation in Corg stocks was explained by five environmental variables (sediment mud content, dry density and degree of sorting, and salinity and water depth), while plant attributes such as biomass and shoot density were less important to Corg stocks. Carbon isotopic signatures indicated that at most sites

Published
2018

10. Latitude, temperature, and habitat complexity predict predation pressure in eelgrass beds across the Northern Hemisphere

Author

Reynolds, Pamela L, Stachowicz, John J, Hovel, Kevin, Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan S, Engel, Friederike G, Engelen, Aschwin H, Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, F Joel, Griffin, John N, Hereu, Clara M, Hori, Masakazu, Hanley, Torrance C, Ivanov, Mikhail, Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun‐Seop, McGlathery, Karen, Moksnes, Per‐Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary I, O'Connor, Nessa E, Orth, Robert J, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E, Thormar, Jonas, Tomas, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard KF, Whalen, Matthew A, and Duffy, J Emmett

Subjects
Animals, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Predatory Behavior, Temperature, Zosteraceae, biogeography, latitude, mesograzer, predation, seagrass, species interactions, temperature, Zostera, Zostera, Ecological Applications, Ecology, Evolutionary Biology
Abstract

Latitudinal gradients in species interactions are widely cited as potential causes or consequences of global patterns of biodiversity. However, mechanistic studies documenting changes in interactions across broad geographic ranges are limited. We surveyed predation intensity on common prey (live amphipods and gastropods) in communities of eelgrass (Zostera marina) at 48 sites across its Northern Hemisphere range, encompassing over 37° of latitude and four continental coastlines. Predation on amphipods declined with latitude on all coasts but declined more strongly along western ocean margins where temperature gradients are steeper. Whereas in situ water temperature at the time of the experiments was uncorrelated with predation, mean annual temperature strongly positively predicted predation, suggesting a more complex mechanism than simply increased metabolic activity at the time of predation. This large-scale biogeographic pattern was modified by local habitat characteristics; predation declined with higher shoot density both among and within sites. Predation rates on gastropods, by contrast, were uniformly low and varied little among sites. The high replication and geographic extent of our study not only provides additional evidence to support biogeographic variation in predation intensity, but also insight into the mechanisms that relate temperature and biogeographic gradients in species interactions.

Published
2018

15. Population genetic patterns across the native and invasive range of a widely distributed seagrass: Phylogeographic structure, invasive history and conservation implications

Author

Zhang, Xiaomei, primary, Li, Yu‐Long, additional, Kaldy, James E., additional, Suonan, Zhaxi, additional, Komatsu, Teruhisa, additional, Xu, Shaochun, additional, Xu, Min, additional, Wang, Feng, additional, Liu, Peng, additional, Liu, Xujia, additional, Yue, Shidong, additional, Zhang, Yu, additional, Lee, Kun‐Seop, additional, Liu, Jin‐Xian, additional, and Zhou, Yi, additional

Published
2023
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17. The roles of seagrass litter decomposition in determining blue carbon sink capacity.

Author

Suonan, Zhaxi, Kim, Seung Hyeon, Yue, Shidong, Jo, Eunhye, Zhang, Fei, Kim, Hyegwang, Qin, Le‐Zheng, Cha, Jaeho, Zhou, Yi, and Lee, Kun‐Seop

Subjects
ZOSTERA marina, CARBON cycle, SEAGRASSES, COASTAL changes, CARBON sequestration
Abstract

Seagrass litter is a crucial autochthonous source of sediment organic carbon (Corg) that contributes to Corg storage in coastal ecosystems. However, our understanding of seagrass litter decomposition effects on sediment Corg sequestration and the factors influencing the capacity for autochthonous carbon sequestration remains limited. We investigated Zostera marina litter decomposition dynamics in eelgrass meadows along the Korean coast by monitoring changes in the remaining litter mass and autochthonous Corg during the decomposition process. We used a double‐component exponential decay models to characterize the decomposition dynamics and estimate the autochthonous Corg remaining. We also identified potential factors affecting litter decay and Corg accumulation in sediments by examining site‐specific physicochemical properties. Our findings revealed that double‐component models effectively characterized litter decomposition dynamics and indicated greater preservation of litter‐derived slowly degrading Corg in sediments. The reduced decomposition of litter materials owing to low oxygen availability in the muddy sediments led to greater retention of litter mass and litter‐derived Corg in sediments. The anoxic conditions of below‐ground litterbags, compared with above‐ground litterbags, could be alleviated by the oxygen transport through fresh Z. marina roots, thereby potentially stimulating the microbial decomposition of Z. marina below‐ground litter materials at these sites. Our findings highlight the importance of understanding litter decomposition dynamics to accurately assess the carbon sink capacity of seagrass meadows, and demonstrate that physicochemical properties can influence seagrass litter decomposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Global analysis of seagrass restoration: the importance of large-scale planting

Author

van Katwijk, Marieke M., Thorhaug, Anitra, Marbà, Núria, Orth, Robert J., Duarte, Carlos M., Kendrick, Gary A., Althuizen, Inge H. J., Balestri, Elena, Bernard, Guillaume, Cambridge, Marion L., Cunha, Alexandra, Durance, Cynthia, Giesen, Wim, Han, Qiuying, Hosokawa, Shinya, Kiswara, Wawan, Komatsu, Teruhisa, Lardicci, Claudio, Lee, Kun-Seop, Meinesz, Alexandre, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Brien, Katherine R., Paling, Erik I., Pickerell, Chris, Ransijn, Aryan M. A., and Verduin, Jennifer J.

Published
2016

27. The effect of parameter variability in the allometric projection of leaf growth rates for eelgrass (Zostera marina L.)

Author

Elena Solana-Arellano, Héctor Echavarría-Heras, Cecilia Leal-Ramírez, and Lee Kun-Seop

Subjects
Zostera marina, crecimiento foliar, fanerógama marina, modelación alométrica, evaluación restauración, Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling, SH1-691, Oceanography, GC1-1581, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Restoration of eelgrass Zostera marina meadows from harmful anthropogenic influences has made it essential to evaluate these efforts by using non-destructive assessments. Allometric methods provide a convenient framework for the derivation of reliable indirect assessments of leaf biomass and leaf growth of eelgrass. Invariance of the involved parameters could grant truly nondestructive assessments because previously fitted values could be used to produce consistent estimations. In order to explore this property we analyzed data from two natural eelgrass populations in the East Pacific (México), as well as populations in the West Pacific (two natural in Korea and one mesocosm in Japan). When we compared observed leaf growth rates with those projected allometrically by using parameter values fitted at different sites, we found that only parameter values fitted at sites within the same geographical region can produce consistent results. Therefore if this restriction holds previously fitted parameters can indeed be used to produce reliable non-destructive assessments of eelgrass leaf growth rates.

Published
2014
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29. A Pleistocene legacy structures variation in modern seagrass ecosystems

Author

Duffy, J. Emmett, Stachowicz, John J., Reynolds, Pamela L., Hovel, Kevin A., Jahnke, Marlene, Sotka, Erik E., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn E., Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas K., Fodrie, F. Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary I., O'Connor, Nessa E., Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Reiss, Katrin, Richardson, J. Paul, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer L., Schultz, Stewart T., Thormar, Jonas, Tomas, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby L., Olsen, Jeanine L., Duffy, J. Emmett, Stachowicz, John J., Reynolds, Pamela L., Hovel, Kevin A., Jahnke, Marlene, Sotka, Erik E., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn E., Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas K., Fodrie, F. Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary I., O'Connor, Nessa E., Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Reiss, Katrin, Richardson, J. Paul, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer L., Schultz, Stewart T., Thormar, Jonas, Tomas, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby L., and Olsen, Jeanine L.

Abstract

Distribution of Earth's biomes is structured by the match between climate and plant traits, which in turn shape associated communities and ecosystem processes and services. However, that climate-trait match can be disrupted by historical events, with lasting ecosystem impacts. As Earth's environment changes faster than at any time in human history, critical questions are whether and how organismal traits and ecosystems can adjust to altered conditions. We quantified the relative importance of current environmental forcing versus evolutionary history in shaping the growth form (stature and biomass) and associated community of eelgrass (Zostera marina), a widespread foundation plant of marine ecosystems along Northern Hemisphere coastlines, which experienced major shifts in distribution and genetic composition during the Pleistocene. We found that eelgrass stature and biomass retain a legacy of the Pleistocene colonization of the Atlantic from the ancestral Pacific range and of more recent within-basin bottlenecks and genetic differentiation. This evolutionary legacy in turn influences the biomass of associated algae and invertebrates that fuel coastal food webs, with effects comparable to or stronger than effects of current environmental forcing. Such historical lags in phenotypic acclimatization may constrain ecosystem adjustments to rapid anthropogenic climate change, thus altering predictions about the future functioning of ecosystems.

Published
2022
Full Text
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30. The biogeography of community assembly : latitude and predation drive variation in community trait distribution in a guild of epifaunal crustaceans

Author

Gross, Collin P., Duffy, J. Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A., Kardish, Melissa R., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn E., Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Klemens Eriksson, Britas, Fodrie, F. Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen, Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary I., O'Connor, Nessa E., Olsen, Jeanine L., Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E., Thormar, Jonas, Tomas, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin P., Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby L., Stachowicz, John J., Gross, Collin P., Duffy, J. Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A., Kardish, Melissa R., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn E., Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Klemens Eriksson, Britas, Fodrie, F. Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen, Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary I., O'Connor, Nessa E., Olsen, Jeanine L., Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E., Thormar, Jonas, Tomas, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin P., Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby L., and Stachowicz, John J.

Abstract

While considerable evidence exists of biogeographic patterns in the intensity of species interactions, the influence of these patterns on variation in community structure is less clear. Studying how the distributions of traits in communities vary along global gradients can inform how variation in interactions and other factors contribute to the process of community assembly. Using a model selection approach on measures of trait dispersion in crustaceans associated with eelgrass (Zostera marina) spanning 30° of latitude in two oceans, we found that dispersion strongly increased with increasing predation and decreasing latitude. Ocean and epiphyte load appeared as secondary predictors; Pacific communities were more overdispersed while Atlantic communities were more clustered, and increasing epiphytes were associated with increased clustering. By examining how species interactions and environmental filters influence community structure across biogeographic regions, we demonstrate how both latitudinal variation in species interactions and historical contingency shape these responses. Community trait distributions have implications for ecosystem stability and functioning, and integrating large-scale observations of environmental filters, species interactions and traits can help us predict how communities may respond to environmental change.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. Appendix 2: from The biogeography of community assembly: latitude and predation drive variation in community trait distribution in a guild of epifaunal crustaceans

Author

Gross, Collin P., Duffy, Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A., Kardish, Melissa R., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen J., Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary, O'Connor, Nessa E., Olsen, Jeanine, Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E., Thormar, Jonas, Tomàs, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby, Stachowicz, J. J., Gross, Collin P., Duffy, Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A., Kardish, Melissa R., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen J., Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary, O'Connor, Nessa E., Olsen, Jeanine, Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E., Thormar, Jonas, Tomàs, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby, and Stachowicz, J. J.

Abstract

Methods and Results post-hoc modeling of individual trait dispersion (SES) against environmental predictors.

Published
2022

32. Supplemental tables and figures from The biogeography of community assembly: latitude and predation drive variation in community trait distribution in a guild of epifaunal crustaceans

Author

Gross, Collin P., Duffy, Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A., Kardish, Melissa R., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen J., Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary, O'Connor, Nessa E., Olsen, Jeanine, Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E., Thormar, Jonas, Tomàs, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby, Stachowicz, J. J., Gross, Collin P., Duffy, Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A., Kardish, Melissa R., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen J., Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary, O'Connor, Nessa E., Olsen, Jeanine, Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E., Thormar, Jonas, Tomàs, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby, and Stachowicz, J. J.

Published
2022

33. Code and data used for analyses from The biogeography of community assembly: latitude and predation drive variation in community trait distribution in a guild of epifaunal crustaceans

Author

Gross, Collin P., Duffy, Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A., Kardish, Melissa R., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen J., Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary, O'Connor, Nessa E., Olsen, Jeanine, Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E., Thormar, Jonas, Tomàs, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby, Stachowicz, J. J., Gross, Collin P., Duffy, Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A., Kardish, Melissa R., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen J., Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary, O'Connor, Nessa E., Olsen, Jeanine, Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E., Thormar, Jonas, Tomàs, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby, and Stachowicz, J. J.

Published
2022

34. A Pleistocene legacy structures variation in modern seagrass ecosystems

Author

Smithsonian Institution, National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), College of William and Mary, Duffy, Emmett, Stachowicz, J. J., Reynolds, Pamela L., Hovel, Kevin A., Jahnke, Marlene, Sotka, Erik E., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O’Connor, Mary I., O’Connor, Nessa E., Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Reiss, Katrin, Richardson, J. Paul, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Schultz, Stewart T., Thormar, Jonas, Tomàs, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby, Olsen, Jeanine, Smithsonian Institution, National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), College of William and Mary, Duffy, Emmett, Stachowicz, J. J., Reynolds, Pamela L., Hovel, Kevin A., Jahnke, Marlene, Sotka, Erik E., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O’Connor, Mary I., O’Connor, Nessa E., Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Reiss, Katrin, Richardson, J. Paul, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Schultz, Stewart T., Thormar, Jonas, Tomàs, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby, and Olsen, Jeanine

Abstract

Distribution of Earth's biomes is structured by the match between climate and plant traits, which in turn shape associated communities and ecosystem processes and services. However, that climate-trait match can be disrupted by historical events, with lasting ecosystem impacts. As Earth's environment changes faster than at any time in human history, critical questions are whether and how organismal traits and ecosystems can adjust to altered conditions. We quantified the relative importance of current environmental forcing versus evolutionary history in shaping the growth form (stature and biomass) and associated community of eelgrass (Zostera marina), a widespread foundation plant of marine ecosystems along Northern Hemisphere coastlines, which experienced major shifts in distribution and genetic composition during the Pleistocene. We found that eelgrass stature and biomass retain a legacy of the Pleistocene colonization of the Atlantic from the ancestral Pacific range and of more recent within-basin bottlenecks and genetic differentiation. This evolutionary legacy in turn influences the biomass of associated algae and invertebrates that fuel coastal food webs, with effects comparable to or stronger than effects of current environmental forcing. Such historical lags in phenotypic acclimatization may constrain ecosystem adjustments to rapid anthropogenic climate change, thus altering predictions about the future functioning of ecosystems.

Published
2022

35. The biogeography of community assembly: latitude and predation drive variation in community trait distribution in a guild of epifaunal crustaceans

Author

National Science Foundation (US), Åbo Akademi University Foundation, Gross, Collin P., Duffy, Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A., Kardish, Melissa R., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen J., Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary, O'Connor, Nessa E., Olsen, Jeanine, Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E., Thormar, Jonas, Tomàs, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby, Stachowicz, J. J., National Science Foundation (US), Åbo Akademi University Foundation, Gross, Collin P., Duffy, Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A., Kardish, Melissa R., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen J., Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary, O'Connor, Nessa E., Olsen, Jeanine, Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E., Thormar, Jonas, Tomàs, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby, and Stachowicz, J. J.

Abstract

While considerable evidence exists of biogeographic patterns in the intensity of species interactions, the influence of these patterns on variation in community structure is less clear. Studying how the distributions of traits in communities vary along global gradients can inform how variation in interactions and other factors contribute to the process of community assembly. Using a model selection approach on measures of trait dispersion in crustaceans associated with eelgrass (Zostera marina) spanning 30° of latitude in two oceans, we found that dispersion strongly increased with increasing predation and decreasing latitude. Ocean and epiphyte load appeared as secondary predictors; Pacific communities were more overdispersed while Atlantic communities were more clustered, and increasing epiphytes were associated with increased clustering. By examining how species interactions and environmental filters influence community structure across biogeographic regions, we demonstrate how both latitudinal variation in species interactions and historical contingency shape these responses. Community trait distributions have implications for ecosystem stability and functioning, and integrating large-scale observations of environmental filters, species interactions and traits can help us predict how communities may respond to environmental change.

Published
2022

36. Supplementary material from 'The biogeography of community assembly: latitude and predation drive variation in community trait distribution in a guild of epifaunal crustaceans'

Author

National Science Foundation (US), Åbo Akademi University Foundation, Gross, Collin P., Duffy, Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A., Kardish, Melissa R., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen J., Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary, O'Connor, Nessa E., Olsen, Jeanine, Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E., Thormar, Jonas, Tomàs, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby, Stachowicz, J. J., National Science Foundation (US), Åbo Akademi University Foundation, Gross, Collin P., Duffy, Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A., Kardish, Melissa R., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cusson, Mathieu, Eklöf, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen J., Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary, O'Connor, Nessa E., Olsen, Jeanine, Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E., Thormar, Jonas, Tomàs, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin, Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby, and Stachowicz, J. J.

Abstract

While considerable evidence exists of biogeographic patterns in the intensity of species interactions, the influence of these patterns on variation in community structure is less clear. Studying how the distributions of traits in communities vary along global gradients can inform how variation in interactions and other factors contribute to the process of community assembly. Using a model selection approach on measures of trait dispersion in crustaceans associated with eelgrass (Zostera marina) spanning 30° of latitude in two oceans, we found that dispersion strongly increased with increasing predation and decreasing latitude. Ocean and epiphyte load appeared as secondary predictors; Pacific communities were more overdispersed while Atlantic communities were more clustered, and increasing epiphytes were associated with increased clustering. By examining how species interactions and environmental filters influence community structure across biogeographic regions, we demonstrate how both latitudinal variation in species interactions and historical contingency shape these responses. Community trait distributions have implications for ecosystem stability and functioning, and integrating large-scale observations of environmental filters, species interactions and traits can help us predict how communities may respond to environmental change.

Published
2022

40. Appendix 1: from The biogeography of community assembly: latitude and predation drive variation in community trait distribution in a guild of epifaunal crustaceans

Author

Gross, Collin P., Duffy, J. Emmett, Hovel, Kevin A., Kardish, Melissa R., Reynolds, Pamela L., Bostr��m, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn E., Cusson, Mathieu, Ekl��f, Johan, Engelen, Aschwin H., Eriksson, Britas Klemens, Fodrie, F. Joel, Griffin, John N., Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Hughes, A. Randall, Ivanov, Mikhail V., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan, McGlathery, Karen, Moksnes, Per-Olav, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O'Connor, Mary I., O'Connor, Nessa E., Olsen, Jeanine L., Orth, Robert J., Peterson, Bradley J., Reiss, Henning, Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Sotka, Erik E., Thormar, Jonas, Tomas, Fiona, Unsworth, Richard, Voigt, Erin P., Whalen, Matthew A., Ziegler, Shelby L., and Stachowicz, John J.

Abstract

References for peracarid trait data used in analyses of trait dispersion

Published
2022
Full Text
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43. Assessment of restoration success in a transplanted seagrass bed based on isotopic niche metrics

Author

Park, Hyun Je, Park, Tae Hee, Kang, Hee Yoon, Lee, Kun-Seop, Kim, Young Kyun, Kang, Chang-Keun, Park, Hyun Je, Park, Tae Hee, Kang, Hee Yoon, Lee, Kun-Seop, Kim, Young Kyun, and Kang, Chang-Keun

Abstract

A major highlight of restoration efforts is to improve the ecological structure and function of the natural ecosystem in the restored habitat. Assessment of restoration success is a crucial component of an optimal ecological management strategy. In studies to determine the restoration success of a transplanted seagrass habitat by assessing trophic recovery, we examined carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of organic matter sources and macrobenthic assemblages in a transplanted eelgrass Zostera marina bed. The eelgrass bed was restored about 2 years after transplantation in a southern coastal bay of Korea, and consequently, the food web structure in the bed was compared with that in a natural reference site. Our results revealed no significant differences in isotopic values of both macrobenthic consumers and their putative food sources between the transplanted and natural seagrass beds. These isotopic similarities in florae and faunae in the two beds suggest a uniformity in food web structure formed by the diversity and availability of resources, and thereby suggest similarities in the resource–consumer relationship. Isotopic niche indices and high dietary overlaps of feeding guilds in the transplanted and natural beds further suggest the transplanted habitat provides similar ecological functions and ecosystem services to its natural counterpart. Collectively, our results suggest the eelgrass transplantation led to successful restoration of a common seagrass bed, with recovery of the functional properties of the food web structure. Finally, our findings support the idea that stable isotope measures can provide a better understanding of the functioning of restored ecosystems, and improve post-transplantation monitoring efforts for the future planning and managing of successful habitat restoration.

Published
2021
Full Text
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44. Joint effects of patch edges and habitat degradation on faunal predation risk in a widespread marine foundation species

Author

National Science Foundation (US), Åbo Akademi University, Hovel, Kevin A., Duffy, Emmett, Stachowicz, J. J., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cimon, Stephanie, Cusson, Mathieu, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Gagnon, Karine, Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O’Connor, Nessa E., Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Tomàs, Fiona, Ziegler, Shelby, National Science Foundation (US), Åbo Akademi University, Hovel, Kevin A., Duffy, Emmett, Stachowicz, J. J., Reynolds, Pamela L., Boström, Christoffer, Boyer, Katharyn, Cimon, Stephanie, Cusson, Mathieu, Fodrie, Fredrick Joel, Gagnon, Karine, Hereu, Clara M., Hori, Masakazu, Jorgensen, Pablo, Kruschel, Claudia, Lee, Kun-Seop, Nakaoka, Masahiro, O’Connor, Nessa E., Rossi, Francesca, Ruesink, Jennifer, Tomàs, Fiona, and Ziegler, Shelby

Abstract

Human activities degrade and fragment coastal marine habitats, reducing their structural complexity and making habitat edges a prevalent seascape feature. Though habitat edges frequently are implicated in reduced faunal survival and biodiversity, results of experiments on edge effects have been inconsistent, calling for a mechanistic approach to the study of edges that explicitly includes indirect and interactive effects of habitat alteration at multiple scales across biogeographic gradients. We used an experimental network spanning 17 eelgrass (Zostera marina) sites across the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and the Mediterranean Sea to determine (1) if eelgrass edges consistently increase faunal predation risk, (2) whether edge effects on predation risk are altered by habitat degradation (shoot thinning), and (3) whether variation in the strength of edge effects among sites can be explained by biogeographical variability in covarying eelgrass habitat features. Contrary to expectations, at most sites, predation risk for tethered crustaceans (crabs or shrimps) was lower along patch edges than in patch interiors, regardless of the extent of habitat degradation. However, the extent to which edges reduced predation risk, compared to the patch interior, was correlated with the extent to which edges supported higher eelgrass structural complexity and prey biomass compared to patch interiors. This suggests an indirect component to edge effects in which the impact of edge proximity on predation risk is mediated by the effect of edges on other key biotic factors. Our results suggest that studies on edge effects should consider structural characteristics of patch edges, which may vary geographically, and multiple ways that humans degrade habitats.

Published
2021

45. Climate drives the geography of marine consumption by changing predator communities

Author

Whalen, Matthew A., Whippo, Ross D. B., Stachowicz, J. J., York, Paul H., Aiello, Erin, Alcoverro, Teresa, Altieri, Andrew H., Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, Bertolini, Camilla, Bresch, Midoli, Bulleri, Fabio, Carnell, Paul E., Cimon, Stephanie, Connolly, Rod M., Cusson, Mathieu, Diskin, Meredith S., D’Souza, Elrika, Flores, Augusto A. V., Frodie, F. Joel, Galloway, Aaron W. E., Gaskins, Leo C., Graham, Olivia J., Hanley, Torrance C., Henderson, Christopher J., Hereu, Clara M., Hessing-Lewis, Margot, Hovel, Kevin A., Hughes, Brent B., Hughes, A. Randall, Hultgren, Kristin M., Jänes, Holger, Janiak, Dean S., Johnston, Lane N., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kelaher, Brendan P., Kruschel, Claudia, Lanham, Brendan S., Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Lozano-Álvarez, Enrique, Macreadie, Peter I., Monteith, Zachary L., O’Connor, Nessa E., Olds, Andrew D., O'Leary, Jennifer K., Patrick, Christopher J., Pino, Oscar, Poore, Alistair G. B., Rasheed, Michael A., Raymond, Wendel W., Reiss, Katrin, Rhoades, O. Kennedy, Robinson, Max T., Ross, Paige G., Rossi, Francesca, Schlacher, T. A., Seemann, Janina, Silliman, Brian R., Smee, Delbert L., Thiel, Martin, Unsworth, Richard K. F., van Tussenbroek, Brigitta I., Vergés, Adriana, Yeager, Mallarie E., Yednock, Bree K., Ziegler, Shelby, Duffy, J. Emmett, Whalen, Matthew A., Whippo, Ross D. B., Stachowicz, J. J., York, Paul H., Aiello, Erin, Alcoverro, Teresa, Altieri, Andrew H., Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, Bertolini, Camilla, Bresch, Midoli, Bulleri, Fabio, Carnell, Paul E., Cimon, Stephanie, Connolly, Rod M., Cusson, Mathieu, Diskin, Meredith S., D’Souza, Elrika, Flores, Augusto A. V., Frodie, F. Joel, Galloway, Aaron W. E., Gaskins, Leo C., Graham, Olivia J., Hanley, Torrance C., Henderson, Christopher J., Hereu, Clara M., Hessing-Lewis, Margot, Hovel, Kevin A., Hughes, Brent B., Hughes, A. Randall, Hultgren, Kristin M., Jänes, Holger, Janiak, Dean S., Johnston, Lane N., Jorgensen, Pablo, Kelaher, Brendan P., Kruschel, Claudia, Lanham, Brendan S., Lee, Kun-Seop, Lefcheck, Jonathan S., Lozano-Álvarez, Enrique, Macreadie, Peter I., Monteith, Zachary L., O’Connor, Nessa E., Olds, Andrew D., O'Leary, Jennifer K., Patrick, Christopher J., Pino, Oscar, Poore, Alistair G. B., Rasheed, Michael A., Raymond, Wendel W., Reiss, Katrin, Rhoades, O. Kennedy, Robinson, Max T., Ross, Paige G., Rossi, Francesca, Schlacher, T. A., Seemann, Janina, Silliman, Brian R., Smee, Delbert L., Thiel, Martin, Unsworth, Richard K. F., van Tussenbroek, Brigitta I., Vergés, Adriana, Yeager, Mallarie E., Yednock, Bree K., Ziegler, Shelby, and Duffy, J. Emmett

Abstract

The global distribution of primary production and consumption by humans (fisheries) is well-documented, but we have no map linking the central ecological process of consumption within food webs to temperature and other ecological drivers. Using standardized assays that span 105° of latitude on four continents, we show that rates of bait consumption by generalist predators in shallow marine ecosystems are tightly linked to both temperature and the composition of consumer assemblages. Unexpectedly, rates of consumption peaked at midlatitudes (25 to 35°) in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres across both seagrass and unvegetated sediment habitats. This pattern contrasts with terrestrial systems, where biotic interactions reportedly weaken away from the equator, but it parallels an emerging pattern of a subtropical peak in marine biodiversity. The higher consumption at midlatitudes was closely related to the type of consumers present, which explained rates of consumption better than consumer density, biomass, species diversity, or habitat. Indeed, the apparent effect of temperature on consumption was mostly driven by temperature-associated turnover in consumer community composition. Our findings reinforce the key influence of climate warming on altered species composition and highlight its implications for the functioning of Earth’s ecosystems.

Published
2020

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