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2. Substance use and other factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among people at risk for or living with HIV: Findings from the C3PNO consortium

Author

Javanbakht, Marjan, Khan, Lamia, Mustanski, Brian, Shoptaw, Steve, Baum, Marianna K, Mehta, Shruti H, Kirk, Gregory D, Lai, Shenghan, Moore, Richard, Milloy, M-J, Kipke, Michele, Hayashi, Kanna, DeBeck, Kora, Siminski, Suzanne, White, Lisa M, and Gorbach, Pamina

Subjects
Epidemiology, Health Services and Systems, Public Health, Health Sciences, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Coronaviruses Vaccines, Immunization, HIV/AIDS, Coronaviruses, Social Determinants of Health, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Coronaviruses Disparities and At-Risk Populations, Women's Health, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vaccine Related, Infectious Diseases, Substance Misuse, Prevention, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Methamphetamine, 3.4 Vaccines, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, COVID-19, Vaccine hesitancy, Substance Use, Public Health and Health Services, Health services and systems, Public health
Abstract

ObjectiveWe describe the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine uptake, substance use, and other factors associated with vaccine hesitancy among participants from nine North American cohort studies following a diverse group of individuals at risk for or living with HIV.MethodsBetween May 2021 and January 2022, participants completed a survey related to COVID-19 vaccination. Participants included those with and without substance use. Those responding as 'no' or 'undecided' to the question "Do you plan on getting the COVID-19 vaccine?" were categorized as vaccine hesitant. Differences between groups were evaluated using chi-square methods and multivariable log-binomial models were used to calculate prevalence ratios (PR) of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy with separate models for each substance.ResultsAmong 1,696 participants, COVID-19 vaccination was deferred or declined by 16%. Vaccine hesitant participants were younger, with a greater proportion unstably housed (14.8% vs. 10.0%; p = 0.02), and not living with HIV (48.% vs. 36.6%; p

Published
2023

3. Use of COVID-19 testing in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic among cohorts of people at the intersection of drug use and HIV

Author

Gorbach, Pamina M, Rosen, Alison D, Moore, Richard, Shoptaw, Steve, Mustanski, Brian, Mehta, Shruti H, Kirk, Gregory D, Baum, Marianna K, Milloy, M-J, Hayashi, Kanna, DeBeck, Kora, Kipke, Michele, Lai, Shenghan, Siminski, Suzanne, and Javanbakht, Marjan

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Behavioral and Social Science, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Coronaviruses, Prevention, HIV/AIDS, Coronaviruses Disparities and At-Risk Populations, Clinical Research, Infectious Diseases, Health Disparities, Coronaviruses Diagnostics and Prognostics, Minority Health, Social Determinants of Health, Substance Misuse, 2.4 Surveillance and distribution, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Humans, COVID-19, Pandemics, HIV Infections, Substance-Related Disorders, Black or African American, COVID-19 testing, People who use substances, COVID-19 pandemic, People living with HIV, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Substance Abuse, Biochemistry and cell biology, Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences, Epidemiology
Abstract

People living with (PLWH) and at risk for HIV and people who use drugs (PWUD) are at heightened risk for health consequences of COVID-19 because of compromised immunity and high comorbidities. We studied their use of COVID-19 testing during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Eight NIDA funded cohorts across North America in the Collaborating Consortium of Cohorts Producing NIDA Opportunities (C3PNO) administered multiple waves of a COVID-19 survey. Respondents were at least 18 years of age, half PLWH, and many active substance users. Wave one of the COVID-19 survey was May-November, 2020 and wave two October 2020-April 2021. Associations of COVID-19 testing with demographics, socio-demographics, substance use, and HIV-status were assessed. Of the 3762 responses from 2331 individuals, half reported ever COVID-19 testing (49.1 %), with 4.3 % reporting a positive test (163/3762 surveys=4.3 %) and 41.5 % of people reporting current symptoms reported having been tested. In multivariable analysis adjusting for age, sex, and cohort type associations with COVID-19 testing included African American/Black identification compared to Caucasian/white (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)= 0.68; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.53, 0.88); being unemployed (AOR=0.61; 95 % CI 0.51, 0.73), and living with HIV (AOR=0.76; 95 % CI0.65, 0.90). Findings from these C3PNO COVID-19 modules suggests that in the first year of the pandemic COVID-19 testing was not broadly accessed by these marginalized populations including PLWH and those unemployed. Factors associated with not testing may also parallel those for vaccination and identify populations needing better access to COVID-19 prevention.

Published
2022

4. Association of social determinants, lifestyle, and metabolic factors with mortality in Chinese adults: A nationwide 10-year prospective cohort study

Author

Lu, Jieli, Li, Mian, He, Jiang, Xu, Yu, Zheng, Ruizhi, Zheng, Jie, Qin, Guijun, Qin, Yingfen, Chen, Yuhong, Tang, Xulei, Ye, Zhen, Xu, Min, Wang, Tiange, Shi, Lixin, Su, Qing, Yu, Xuefeng, Yan, Li, Zhao, Zhiyun, Wan, Qin, Chen, Gang, Gao, Zhengnan, Wang, Guixia, Shen, Feixia, Gu, Xuejiang, Luo, Zuojie, Chen, Li, Hou, Xinguo, Huo, Yanan, Li, Qiang, Qiao, Hong, Zhang, Yinfei, Zeng, Tianshu, Hu, Chunyan, Cao, Qiuyu, Jia, Xiaojing, Liu, Chao, Wang, Youmin, Wu, Shengli, Yang, Tao, Deng, Huacong, Qi, Hongyan, Wu, Xueyan, Zhang, Di, Dai, Meng, Li, Donghui, Lai, Shenghan, Chen, Lulu, Zhao, Jiajun, Mu, Yiming, Hu, Weiguo, Ning, Guang, Hu, Ruying, Bi, Yufang, and Wang, Weiqing

Published
2024
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5. Association of circulating long-chain free fatty acids and incident diabetes risk among normoglycemic Chinese adults: a prospective nested case–control study

Author

Wang, Shuangyuan, Hu, Chunyan, Lin, Hong, Jia, Xiaojing, Hu, Ruying, Zheng, Ruizhi, Li, Mian, Xu, Yu, Xu, Min, Zheng, Jie, Zhao, Xinjie, Li, Yanli, Chen, Lulu, Zeng, Tianshu, Ye, Zhen, Shi, Lixin, Su, Qing, Chen, Yuhong, Yu, Xuefeng, Yan, Li, Wang, Tiange, Zhao, Zhiyun, Qin, Guijun, Wan, Qin, Chen, Gang, Dai, Meng, Zhang, Di, Qiu, Bihan, Zhu, Xiaoyan, Liu, Ruixin, Wang, Xiao, Tang, Xulei, Gao, Zhengnan, Shen, Feixia, Gu, Xuejiang, Luo, Zuojie, Qin, Yingfen, Chen, Li, Hou, Xinguo, Huo, Yanan, Li, Qiang, Wang, Guixia, Zhang, Yinfei, Liu, Chao, Wang, Youmin, Wu, Shengli, Yang, Tao, Deng, Huacong, Zhao, Jiajun, Mu, Yiming, Xu, Guowang, Lai, Shenghan, Li, Donghui, Ning, Guang, Wang, Weiqing, Bi, Yufang, and Lu, Jieli

Published
2024
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6. Mitochondrial Creatine Kinase Attenuates Pathologic Remodeling in Heart Failure

Author

Keceli, Gizem, Gupta, Ashish, Sourdon, Joevin, Gabr, Refaat, Schär, Michael, Dey, Swati, Tocchetti, Carlo G, Stuber, Annina, Agrimi, Jacopo, Zhang, Yi, Leppo, Michelle, Steenbergen, Charles, Lai, Shenghan, Yanek, Lisa R, O’Rourke, Brian, Gerstenblith, Gary, Bottomley, Paul A, Wang, Yibin, Paolocci, Nazareno, and Weiss, Robert G

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Medical Physiology, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Nutrition, Cardiovascular, Clinical Research, Heart Disease, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Adenosine Diphosphate, Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Creatine Kinase, Creatine Kinase, Mitochondrial Form, Energy Metabolism, Heart Failure, Humans, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular, Mice, Myocardium, Reactive Oxygen Species, Ventricular Remodeling, antioxidants, creatine, dilatation, heart failure, myofibrils, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, Clinical sciences
Abstract

BackgroundAbnormalities in cardiac energy metabolism occur in heart failure (HF) and contribute to contractile dysfunction, but their role, if any, in HF-related pathologic remodeling is much less established. CK (creatine kinase), the primary muscle energy reserve reaction which rapidly provides ATP at the myofibrils and regenerates mitochondrial ADP, is down-regulated in experimental and human HF. We tested the hypotheses that pathologic remodeling in human HF is related to impaired cardiac CK energy metabolism and that rescuing CK attenuates maladaptive hypertrophy in experimental HF.MethodsFirst, in 27 HF patients and 14 healthy subjects, we measured cardiac energetics and left ventricular remodeling using noninvasive magnetic resonance 31P spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. Second, we tested the impact of metabolic rescue with cardiac-specific overexpression of either Ckmyofib (myofibrillar CK) or Ckmito (mitochondrial CK) on HF-related maladaptive hypertrophy in mice.ResultsIn people, pathologic left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation correlate closely with reduced myocardial ATP levels and rates of ATP synthesis through CK. In mice, transverse aortic constriction-induced left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation are attenuated by overexpression of CKmito, but not by overexpression of CKmyofib. CKmito overexpression also attenuates hypertrophy after chronic isoproterenol stimulation. CKmito lowers mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, tissue reactive oxygen species levels, and upregulates antioxidants and their promoters. When the CK capacity of CKmito-overexpressing mice is limited by creatine substrate depletion, the protection against pathologic remodeling is lost, suggesting the ADP regenerating capacity of the CKmito reaction rather than CK protein per se is critical in limiting adverse HF remodeling.ConclusionsIn the failing human heart, pathologic hypertrophy and adverse remodeling are closely related to deficits in ATP levels and in the CK energy reserve reaction. CKmito, sitting at the intersection of cardiac energetics and redox balance, plays a crucial role in attenuating pathologic remodeling in HF. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT00181259.

Published
2022

11. Amino acids, microbiota-related metabolites, and the risk of incident diabetes among normoglycemic Chinese adults: Findings from the 4C study

Author

Wang, Shuangyuan, Li, Mian, Lin, Hong, Wang, Guixia, Xu, Yu, Zhao, Xinjie, Hu, Chunyan, Zhang, Yi, Zheng, Ruizhi, Hu, Ruying, Shi, Lixin, Du, Rui, Su, Qing, Wang, Jiqiu, Chen, Yuhong, Yu, Xuefeng, Yan, Li, Wang, Tiange, Zhao, Zhiyun, Liu, Ruixin, Wang, Xiaolin, Li, Qi, Qin, Guijun, Wan, Qin, Chen, Gang, Xu, Min, Dai, Meng, Zhang, Di, Tang, Xulei, Gao, Zhengnan, Shen, Feixia, Luo, Zuojie, Qin, Yingfen, Chen, Li, Huo, Yanan, Li, Qiang, Ye, Zhen, Zhang, Yinfei, Liu, Chao, Wang, Youmin, Wu, Shengli, Yang, Tao, Deng, Huacong, Zhao, Jiajun, Lai, Shenghan, Mu, Yiming, Chen, Lulu, Li, Donghui, Xu, Guowang, Ning, Guang, Wang, Weiqing, Bi, Yufang, and Lu, Jieli

Published
2022
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15. Association of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction with incident diabetes among adults in China: a nationwide, population-based, prospective cohort study

Author

Wang, Tiange, Lu, Jieli, Shi, Lixin, Chen, Gang, Xu, Min, Xu, Yu, Su, Qing, Mu, Yiming, Chen, Lulu, Hu, Ruying, Tang, Xulei, Yu, Xuefeng, Li, Mian, Zhao, Zhiyun, Chen, Yuhong, Yan, Li, Qin, Guijun, Wan, Qin, Dai, Meng, Zhang, Di, Gao, Zhengnan, Wang, Guixia, Shen, Feixia, Luo, Zuojie, Qin, Yingfen, Chen, Li, Huo, Yanan, Li, Qiang, Ye, Zhen, Zhang, Yinfei, Liu, Chao, Wang, Youmin, Wu, Shengli, Yang, Tao, Deng, Huacong, Zhao, Jiajun, Lai, Shenghan, Bi, Yufang, DeFronzo, Ralph A, Wang, Weiqing, and Ning, Guang

Published
2020
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16. Elevated homocysteine levels may moderate and mediate the association between HIV and cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults in an underserved population in Baltimore, Maryland

Author

Lai, Hong, primary, Treisman, Glenn, additional, Celentano, David D, additional, Gerstenblith, Gary, additional, Mandler, Raul N, additional, Khalsa, Jag, additional, Charurat, Man, additional, Lai, Shenghan, additional, and Pearson, Godfrey, additional

Published
2023
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20. Substance use and other factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among people at risk for or living with HIV: Findings from the C3PNO consortium

Author

Javanbakht, Marjan, primary, Khan, Lamia, additional, Mustanski, Brian, additional, Shoptaw, Steve, additional, Baum, Marianna K., additional, Mehta, Shruti H., additional, Kirk, Gregory D., additional, Lai, Shenghan, additional, Moore, Richard, additional, Milloy, M-J, additional, Kipke, Michele, additional, Hayashi, Kanna, additional, DeBeck, Kora, additional, Siminski, Suzanne, additional, White, Lisa M, additional, and Gorbach, Pamina, additional

Published
2023
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23. Platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in acute coronary syndrome: the impact of PCSK9 inhibition

Author

Ziogos, Efthymios, primary, Chelko, Stephen P, additional, Harb, Tarek, additional, Engel, Morgan, additional, Vavuranakis, Michael A, additional, Landim-Vieira, Maicon, additional, Walsh, Elise M, additional, Lai, Shenghan, additional, Halushka, Marc K, additional, Gerstenblith, Gary, additional, and Leucker, Thorsten M, additional

Published
2023
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27. Gut microbiome-related effects of berberine and probiotics on type 2 diabetes (the PREMOTE study)

Author

Zhang, Yifei, Gu, Yanyun, Ren, Huahui, Wang, Shujie, Zhong, Huanzi, Zhao, Xinjie, Ma, Jing, Gu, Xuejiang, Xue, Yaoming, Huang, Shan, Yang, Jialin, Chen, Li, Chen, Gang, Qu, Shen, Liang, Jun, Qin, Li, Huang, Qin, Peng, Yongde, Li, Qi, Wang, Xiaolin, Kong, Ping, Hou, Guixue, Gao, Mengyu, Shi, Zhun, Li, Xuelin, Qiu, Yixuan, Zou, Yuanqiang, Yang, Huanming, Wang, Jian, Xu, Guowang, Lai, Shenghan, Li, Junhua, Ning, Guang, and Wang, Weiqing

Published
2020
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28. Cocaine Use May Moderate the Associations of HIV and Female Sex with Neurocognitive Impairment in a Predominantly African American Population Disproportionately Impacted by HIV and Substance Use

Author

Lai, Hong, primary, Celentano, David D., additional, Treisman, Glenn, additional, Khalsa, Jag, additional, Gerstenblith, Gary, additional, Page, Bryan, additional, Mandler, Raul N., additional, Yang, Yihong, additional, Salmeron, Betty, additional, Bhatia, Sandeepan, additional, Chen, Shaoguang, additional, Lai, Shenghan, additional, Goodkin, Karl, additional, and Charurat, Man, additional

Published
2023
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30. Substance use and other factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among people at risk for or living with HIV: Findings from the C3PNO consortium.

Author

Khan, Lamia, Khan, Lamia, Mustanski, Brian, Shoptaw, Steve, Baum, Marianna, Mehta, Shruti, Kirk, Gregory, Lai, Shenghan, Moore, Richard, Milloy, M-J, Kipke, Michele, Hayashi, Kanna, DeBeck, Kora, Siminski, Suzanne, White, Lisa, Gorbach, Pamina, Javanbakht, Marjan, Khan, Lamia, Khan, Lamia, Mustanski, Brian, Shoptaw, Steve, Baum, Marianna, Mehta, Shruti, Kirk, Gregory, Lai, Shenghan, Moore, Richard, Milloy, M-J, Kipke, Michele, Hayashi, Kanna, DeBeck, Kora, Siminski, Suzanne, White, Lisa, Gorbach, Pamina, and Javanbakht, Marjan

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: We describe the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine uptake, substance use, and other factors associated with vaccine hesitancy among participants from nine North American cohort studies following a diverse group of individuals at risk for or living with HIV. METHODS: Between May 2021 and January 2022, participants completed a survey related to COVID-19 vaccination. Participants included those with and without substance use. Those responding as no or undecided to the question Do you plan on getting the COVID-19 vaccine? were categorized as vaccine hesitant. Differences between groups were evaluated using chi-square methods and multivariable log-binomial models were used to calculate prevalence ratios (PR) of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy with separate models for each substance. RESULTS: Among 1,696 participants, COVID-19 vaccination was deferred or declined by 16%. Vaccine hesitant participants were younger, with a greater proportion unstably housed (14.8% vs. 10.0%; p = 0.02), and not living with HIV (48.% vs. 36.6%; p <.01). Vaccine hesitant participants were also more likely to report cannabis (50.0% vs. 42.4%; p = 0.03), methamphetamine (14.0% vs. 8.2%; p <.01), or fentanyl use (5.5% vs. 2.8%; p = 0.03). Based on multivariable analyses methamphetamine or fentanyl use remained associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (Adjusted PR = 1.4; 95% CI 1.1-1.9 and Adjusted PR = 1.6; 95% CI 1.0-2.6, respectively). CONCLUSION: As new COVID-19 vaccines and booster schedules become necessary, people who use drugs (PWUD) may remain vaccine hesitant. Strategies to engage hesitant populations such as PWUD will need to be tailored to include special types of outreach such as integration with substance use programs such as safe injection sites or recovery programs.

Published
2023

33. Blood Pressure Levels, Cardiovascular Events, and Renal Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease Without Antihypertensive Therapy: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

Author

Wu, Shujing, primary, Li, Mian, additional, Lu, Jieli, additional, Tang, Xulei, additional, Wang, Guixia, additional, Zheng, Ruizhi, additional, Niu, Jingya, additional, Chen, Li, additional, Huo, Yanan, additional, Xu, Min, additional, Wang, Tiange, additional, Zhao, Zhiyun, additional, Wang, Shuangyuan, additional, Lin, Hong, additional, Qin, Guijun, additional, Yan, Li, additional, Wan, Qin, additional, Chen, Lulu, additional, Shi, Lixin, additional, Hu, Ruying, additional, Su, Qing, additional, Yu, Xuefeng, additional, Qin, Yingfen, additional, Chen, Gang, additional, Gao, Zhengnan, additional, Shen, Feixia, additional, Luo, Zuojie, additional, Chen, Yuhong, additional, Zhang, Yinfei, additional, Liu, Chao, additional, Wang, Youmin, additional, Wu, Shengli, additional, Yang, Tao, additional, Li, Qiang, additional, Mu, Yiming, additional, Zhao, Jiajun, additional, Ning, Guang, additional, Bi, Yufang, additional, Wang, Weiqing, additional, Xu, Yu, additional, Li, Donghui, additional, Lai, Shenghan, additional, Bloomgarden, Zachary T., additional, Ye, Zhen, additional, and Deng, Huacong, additional

Published
2023
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35. Gut microbiome and serum metabolome alterations in obesity and after weight-loss intervention

Author

Liu, Ruixin, Hong, Jie, Xu, Xiaoqiang, Feng, Qiang, Zhang, Dongya, Gu, Yanyun, Shi, Juan, Zhao, Shaoqian, Liu, Wen, Wang, Xiaokai, Xia, Huihua, Liu, Zhipeng, Cui, Bin, Liang, Peiwen, Xi, Liuqing, Jin, Jiabin, Ying, Xiayang, Wang, Xiaolin, Zhao, Xinjie, Li, Wanyu, Jia, Huijue, Lan, Zhou, Li, Fengyu, Wang, Rui, Sun, Yingkai, Yang, Minglan, Shen, Yuxin, Jie, Zhuye, Li, Junhua, Chen, Xiaomin, Zhong, Huanzi, Xie, Hailiang, Zhang, Yifei, Gu, Weiqiong, Deng, Xiaxing, Shen, Baiyong, Xu, Xun, Yang, Huanming, Xu, Guowang, Bi, Yufang, Lai, Shenghan, Wang, Jian, Qi, Lu, Madsen, Lise, Wang, Jiqiu, Ning, Guang, Kristiansen, Karsten, and Wang, Weiqing

Subjects
Obesity -- Health aspects -- Patient outcomes, Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) -- Health aspects, Bariatric surgery -- Usage, Glutamate -- Health aspects, Weight loss -- Analysis, Biological sciences, Health
Abstract

Emerging evidence has linked the gut microbiome to human obesity. We performed a metagenome-wide association study and serum metabolomics profiling in a cohort of lean and obese, young, Chinese individuals. We identified obesity-associated gut microbial species linked to changes in circulating metabolites. The abundance of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a glutamate-fermenting commensal, was markedly decreased in obese individuals and was inversely correlated with serum glutamate concentration. Consistently, gavage with B. thetaiotaomicron reduced plasma glutamate concentration and alleviated diet-induced body-weight gain and adiposity in mice. Furthermore, weight-loss intervention by bariatric surgery partially reversed obesity-associated microbial and metabolic alterations in obese individuals, including the decreased abundance of B. thetaiotaomicron and the elevated serum glutamate concentration. Our findings identify previously unknown links between intestinal microbiota alterations, circulating amino acids and obesity, suggesting that it may be possible to intervene in obesity by targeting the gut microbiota., Author(s): Ruixin Liu [1]; Jie Hong [1]; Xiaoqiang Xu [2, 3]; Qiang Feng [2, 4]; Dongya Zhang [2]; Yanyun Gu [1]; Juan Shi [1]; Shaoqian Zhao [1]; Wen Liu [1]; [...]

Published
2017
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36. Cocaine use associated gut permeability and microbial translocation in people living with HIV in the Miami Adult Study on HIV (MASH) cohort

Author

Hernandez, Jacqueline, primary, Tamargo, Javier A., additional, Sales Martinez, Sabrina, additional, Martin, Haley R., additional, Campa, Adriana, additional, Sékaly, Rafick-Pierre, additional, Bordi, Rebeka, additional, Sherman, Kenneth E., additional, Rouster, Susan D., additional, Meeds, Heidi L., additional, Khalsa, Jag H., additional, Mandler, Raul N., additional, Lai, Shenghan, additional, and Baum, Marianna K., additional

Published
2022
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39. Myocardial ATP depletion detected noninvasively predicts sudden cardiac death risk in patients with heart failure

Author

Samuel, T. Jake, primary, Lai, Shenghan, additional, Schär, Michael, additional, Wu, Katherine C., additional, Steinberg, Angela M., additional, Wei, An-Chi, additional, Anderson, Mark E., additional, Tomaselli, Gordon F., additional, Gerstenblith, Gary, additional, Bottomley, Paul A., additional, and Weiss, Robert G., additional

Published
2022
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40. What do we know about IL-6 in COVID-19 so far?

Author

Jiang Jingrui, Zhang Xueji, Wang Jun, Yao Lulu, Molecular Pharmaceutics, Wuhan , China, and Lai Shenghan

Subjects
biology, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Inflammation, General Medicine, Glycoprotein 130, medicine.disease, Siltuximab, Classical complement pathway, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cytokine, Tocilizumab, chemistry, Immunology, medicine, biology.protein, medicine.symptom, Cytokine storm, Interleukin 6, business
Abstract

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a cytokine with dual functions of pro-inflammation and anti-inflammation. It is mainly produced by mononuclear macrophages, Th2 cells, vascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts. IL-6 binds to glycoprotein 130 and one of these two receptors, membrane-bound IL-6R or soluble IL-6R, forming hexamer (IL-6/IL-6R/gp130), which then activates different signaling pathways (classical pathway, trans-signaling pathway) to exert dual immune-modulatory effects of anti-inflammation or pro-inflammation. Abnormal levels of IL-6 can cause multiple pathological reactions, including cytokine storm. Related clinical studies have found that IL-6 levels in severe COVID-19 patients were much higher than in healthy population. A large number of studies have shown that IL-6 can trigger a downstream cytokine storm in patients with COVID-19, resulting in lung damages, aggravating clinical symptoms and developing excessive inflammation and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Monoclonal antibodies against IL-6 or IL-6R, such as tocilizumab, sarilumab, siltuximab and olokizumab may serve as therapeutic options for COVID-19 infection.

Published
2021

41. Combined berberine and probiotic treatment as an effective regimen for improving postprandial hyperlipidemia in type 2 diabetes patients:a double blinded placebo controlled randomized study

Author

Wang, Shujie, Ren, Huahui, Zhong, Huanzi, Zhao, Xinjie, Li, Changkun, Ma, Jing, Gu, Xuejiang, Xue, Yaoming, Huang, Shan, Yang, Jialin, Chen, Li, Chen, Gang, Qu, Shen, Liang, Jun, Qin, Li, Huang, Qin, Peng, Yongde, Li, Qi, Wang, Xiaolin, Zou, Yuanqiang, Shi, Zhun, Li, Xuelin, Li, Tingting, Yang, Huanming, Lai, Shenghan, Xu, Guowang, Li, Junhua, Zhang, Yifei, Gu, Yanyun, Wang, Weiqing, Wang, Shujie, Ren, Huahui, Zhong, Huanzi, Zhao, Xinjie, Li, Changkun, Ma, Jing, Gu, Xuejiang, Xue, Yaoming, Huang, Shan, Yang, Jialin, Chen, Li, Chen, Gang, Qu, Shen, Liang, Jun, Qin, Li, Huang, Qin, Peng, Yongde, Li, Qi, Wang, Xiaolin, Zou, Yuanqiang, Shi, Zhun, Li, Xuelin, Li, Tingting, Yang, Huanming, Lai, Shenghan, Xu, Guowang, Li, Junhua, Zhang, Yifei, Gu, Yanyun, and Wang, Weiqing

Abstract

Non-fasting lipidemia (nFL), mainly contributed by postprandial lipidemia (PL), has recently been recognized as an important cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk as fasting lipidemia (FL). PL serves as a common feature of dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), albeit effective therapies targeting on PL were limited. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether the therapy combining probiotics (Prob) and berberine (BBR), a proven antidiabetic and hypolipidemic regimen via altering gut microbiome, could effectively reduce PL in T2D and to explore the underlying mechanism. Blood PL (120 min after taking 100 g standard carbohydrate meal) was examined in 365 participants with T2D from the Probiotics and BBR on the Efficacy and Change of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes (PREMOTE study), a random, placebo-controlled, and multicenter clinical trial. Prob+BBR was superior to BBR or Prob alone in improving postprandial total cholesterol (pTC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (pLDLc) levels with decrement of multiple species of postprandial lipidomic metabolites after 3 months follow-up. This effect was linked to the changes of fecal Bifidobacterium breve level responding to BBR alone or Prob+BBR treatment. Four fadD genes encoding long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase were identified in the genome of this B. breve strain, and transcriptionally activated by BBR. In vitro BBR treatment further decreased the concentration of FFA in the culture medium of B. breve compared to vehicle. Thus, the activation of fadD by BBR could enhance FFA import and mobilization in B. breve and diliminish the intraluminal lipids for absorption to mediate the effect of Prob+BBR on PL. Our study confirmed that BBR and Prob (B. breve) could exert a synergistic hypolipidemic effect on PL, acting as a gut lipid sink to achieve better lipidemia and CVD risk control in T2D.

Published
2022

42. Glycemic status and chronic kidney disease in Chinese adults: Findings from the REACTION study†

Author

Lin, Lin, Lu, Jieli, Chen, Lulu, Mu, Yiming, Ye, Zhen, Liu, Chao, Chen, Gang, Shi, Lixin, Zhao, Jiajun, Li, Qiang, Yang, Tao, Yan, Li, Wan, Qin, Wu, Shengli, Liu, Yan, Wang, Guixia, Luo, Zuojie, Tang, Xulei, Huo, Yanan, Gao, Zhengnan, Su, Qing, Wang, Youmin, Qin, Guijun, Deng, Huacong, Yu, Xuefeng, Shen, Feixia, Chen, Li, Zhao, Liebin, Xu, Yu, Xu, Min, Peng, Kui, Du, Rui, Dai, Meng, Li, Mian, Wang, Tiange, Zhao, Zhiyun, Lai, Shenghan, Li, Donghui, Bi, Yufang, Wang, Weiqing, and Ning, Guang

Published
2017
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46. High-risk Coronary Plaque Regression in Cash-based Contingency Management Intervention Among Cocaine Users With HIV-associated Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis.

Author

Lai, Hong, Bluemke, David A., Fishman, Elliot K., Gerstenblith, Gary, Celentano, David D., Treisman, Glenn, Foster, Parker, Mandler, Raul, Khalsa, Jag, Chen, Shaoguang, Bhatia, Sandeepan, Kolossváry, Márton, and Lai, Shenghan

Abstract

Background: Cocaine use exacerbates human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–associated subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. We investigated whether cocaine abstinence or reduced use achieved with contingency management (CM) intervention would retard high-risk coronary plaque progression among cocaine users with HIV and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. Methods: Between March 2014 and August 2017, 76 cocaine users with HIV and coronary plaques were enrolled in a study designed to decrease cocaine use and determine whether doing so impacted progression of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis as measured by coronary artery computed tomography examinations. Of the 76, 7 did not complete the study, resulting in 69 participants. A 12-month cash-based CM intervention was implemented to promote cocaine abstinence or reduced cocaine use. Generalized estimating equation approach was used to perform longitudinal data analyses. Findings: During the 12-month CM, all 69 participants reduced cocaine use, and of these, 25 (36%; 95% confidence interval, 25%–49%) achieved cocaine abstinence. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, generalized estimating equation analyses showed that (1) endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels, a proinflammatory biomarker for endothelial dysfunction, at the 6-month and 12-month visits were significantly lower compared with baseline ET-1 (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively), and (2) low-attenuation noncalcified coronary plaque volume, a predictor for myocardial infarction, at 12-month visit was significantly lower compared with baseline low-attenuation noncalcified coronary plaque volume (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study have not only demonstrated that CM is effective in achieving a sustained reduction in cocaine use, but also provided compelling evidence that reduction in cocaine use leads to quantifiable cardiovascular health benefits, including concurrent decrease in high-risk plaque burden and ET-1, among cocaine users with HIV-associated coronary atherosclerosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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47. The Trajectory of Lipoprotein(a) During the Peri- and Early Postinfarction Period and the Impact of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Inhibition

Author

Vavuranakis, Michael A., primary, Jones, Steven R., additional, Ziogos, Efthymios, additional, Blaha, Michael J., additional, Williams, Marlene S., additional, Foran, Palmer, additional, Schindler, Thomas H., additional, Lai, Shenghan, additional, Schulman, Steven P., additional, Gerstenblith, Gary, additional, and Leucker, Thorsten M., additional

Published
2022
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48. Combined berberine and probiotic treatment as an effective regimen for improving postprandial hyperlipidemia in type 2 diabetes patients: a double blinded placebo controlled randomized study

Author

Wang, Shujie, primary, Ren, Huahui, additional, Zhong, Huanzi, additional, Zhao, Xinjie, additional, Li, Changkun, additional, Ma, Jing, additional, Gu, Xuejiang, additional, Xue, Yaoming, additional, Huang, Shan, additional, Yang, Jialin, additional, Chen, Li, additional, Chen, Gang, additional, Qu, Shen, additional, Liang, Jun, additional, Qin, Li, additional, Huang, Qin, additional, Peng, Yongde, additional, Li, Qi, additional, Wang, Xiaolin, additional, Zou, Yuanqiang, additional, Shi, Zhun, additional, Li, Xuelin, additional, Li, Tingting, additional, Yang, Huanming, additional, Lai, Shenghan, additional, Xu, Guowang, additional, Li, Junhua, additional, Zhang, Yifei, additional, Gu, Yanyun, additional, and Wang, Weiqing, additional

Published
2021
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