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Neutron-capture cross sections of neutron-rich nuclei are calculated using a Hauser–Feshbach model when direct experimental cross sections cannot be obtained. A number of codes to perform these calculations exist, and each makes different assumptions about the underlying nuclear physics. We investigated the systematic uncertainty associated with the choice of Hauser-Feshbach code used to calculate the neutron-capture cross section of a short-lived nucleus. The neutron-capture cross section for $$^{73}\hbox {Zn}$$ 73 Zn (n,$$\gamma $$ γ )$$^{74}\hbox {Zn}$$ 74 Zn was calculated using three Hauser-Feshbach statistical model codes: TALYS, CoH, and EMPIRE. The calculation was first performed without any changes to the default settings in each code. Then an experimentally obtained nuclear level density (NLD) and $$\gamma $$ γ -ray strength function ($$\gamma \hbox {SF}$$ γ SF ) were included. Finally, the nuclear structure information was made consistent across the codes. The neutron-capture cross sections obtained from the three codes are in good agreement after including the experimentally obtained NLD and $$\gamma \hbox {SF}$$ γ SF , accounting for differences in the underlying nuclear reaction models, and enforcing consistent approximations for unknown nuclear data. It is possible to use consistent inputs and nuclear physics to reduce the differences in the calculated neutron-capture cross section from different Hauser-Feshbach codes. However, ensuring the treatment of the input of experimental data and other nuclear physics are similar across multiple codes requires a careful investigation. For this reason, more complete documentation of the inputs and physics chosen is important.

Physics letters / B 834, 137479 (2022). doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2022.137479, Published by North-Holland Publ., Amsterdam

The experimental gamma-ray strength functions (gamma-SFs) of 142,144-151Nd have been studied for gamma-ray energies up to the neutron separation energy. The results represent a unique set of gamma-SFs for an isotopic chain with increasing nuclear deformation. The data reveal how the low-energy enhancement, the scissors mode and the pygmy dipole resonance evolve with nuclear deformation and mass number. The data indicate that the mechanisms behind the low-energy enhancement and the scissors mode are decoupled from each other., Comment: 14 pages and 10 figures

The nuclear level densities (NLDs) and the $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray strength functions ($\ensuremath{\gamma}\mathrm{SFs}$) of $^{153,155}\mathrm{Sm}$ have been extracted from ($d,p\ensuremath{\gamma}$) coincidences using the Oslo method. The experimental NLD of $^{153}\mathrm{Sm}$ is higher than the NLD of $^{155}\mathrm{Sm}$, in accordance with microscopic calculations. The $\ensuremath{\gamma}\mathrm{SFs}$ of $^{153,155}\mathrm{Sm}$ are in fair agreement with QRPA calculations based on the D1M Gogny interaction. An enhancement is observed in the $\ensuremath{\gamma}\mathrm{SF}$ for both $^{153,155}\mathrm{Sm}$ nuclei around 3 MeV in excitation energy and is attributed to the $M1$ scissors resonance (SR). Their integrated strengths were found to be in the range 1.3--2.1 and 4.4--6.4 ${\ensuremath{\mu}}_{N}^{2}$ for $^{153}\mathrm{Sm}$ and $^{155}\mathrm{Sm}$, respectively. The strength of the SR for $^{155}\mathrm{Sm}$ is comparable to those for deformed even-even Sm isotopes from nuclear resonance fluorescence measurements, while that of $^{153}\mathrm{Sm}$ is lower than expected.

Understanding the evolution of level densities in the crossover from spherical to well-deformed nuclei has been a long-standing problem in nuclear physics. We measure nuclear level densities for a chain of neodymium isotopes $^{142,144-151}$Nd which exhibit such a crossover. These results represent to date the most complete data set of nuclear level densities for an isotopic chain between neutron shell-closure and towards mid-shell. We observe a strong increase of the level densities along the chain with an overall increase by a factor of $\approx 170$ at an excitation energy of 7.5 MeV and saturation around mass 150. Level densities calculated by the shell model Monte Carlo (SMMC) are in excellent agreement with these experimental results. Based on our experimental and theoretical findings, we offer an explanation of the observed mass dependence of the level densities in terms of the intrinsic single-particle level density and the collective enhancement., 7 pages, 4 figures

In this paper we present the first systematic analysis of the impact of the populated vs. intrinsic spin distribution on the nuclear level density and γ-ray strength function retrieved through the Oslo Method. We illustrate the effect of the spin distribution on the recently performed 239Pu(d,pγ)240Pu experiment using a 12 MeV deuteron beam performed at the Oslo Cyclotron Lab. In the analysis we couple state-of-the-art calculations for the populated spin-distributions with the Monte-Carlo nuclear decay code RAINIER to compare Oslo Method results to the known input. We find that good knowledge of the populated spin distribution is crucial and show that the populated distribution has a significant impact on the extracted nuclear level density and γ-ray strength function for the 239Pu(d,pγ)240Pu case.

This paper reports on the first β-decay study of 74,75Cu isotopes using the technique of total absorption spectroscopy (TAS). The experiment was performed at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory at Michigan State University using the Summing NaI(Tl) (SuN) detector. The Cu isotopes are good candidates to probe the single-particle structure in the region because they have one proton outside the Z = 28 shell. Comparing the β-decay intensity distributions in the daughter Zn isotopes to the theoretical predictions provides a stringent test of the calculations. The nuclei in this region are also identified as playing an important role in the astrophysical r-process. The measured β-decay intensity distributions provide essential nuclear physics inputs required to better understand heavy element nucleosynthesis.

The cascading 3.21 and 4.44 MeV electric quadrupole transitions have been observed from the Hoyle state at 7.65 MeV excitation energy in $^{12}\mathrm{C}$, excited by the $^{12}\mathrm{C}(p,{p}^{\ensuremath{'}})$ reaction at 10.7 MeV proton energy. From the proton-$\ensuremath{\gamma}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ triple coincidence data, a value of ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{\mathrm{rad}}/\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}=6.2(6)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ was obtained for the radiative branching ratio. Using our results, together with ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{E0}/\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}$ from Eriksen et al. [Phys. Rev. C 102, 024320 (2020)] and the currently adopted ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}(E0)$ values, the radiative width of the Hoyle state is determined as ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}_{\mathrm{rad}}=5.1(6)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{eV}$. This value is about 34% higher than the currently adopted value and will impact models of stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis.

Background: The rapid neutron capture process is one of the main nucleosynthesis processes of elements heavier than Fe. Uncertainties in nuclear properties, such as masses, half-lives, and $\ensuremath{\beta}$-delayed neutron probabilities can cause orders of magnitude of variation within astrophysical $r$-process simulations. Presently, theoretical models are used to make global predictions of various nuclear properties for the thousands of nuclei required for these simulations, and measurements are required to benchmark these models, especially far from stability.Purpose: $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay strength distributions can be used to not only inform astrophysical $r$-process simulations, but also to provide a stringent test for theoretical calculations. The aim of this work is to provide accurate strength distributions for $^{69,71}\mathrm{Co}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay.Method: The technique of total absorption spectroscopy was used to measure the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay of $^{69,71}\mathrm{Co}$ for the first time at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory. The ions were implanted in a double-sided silicon strip detector at the center of the Summing NaI(Tl) detector and identified using standard particle identification methods. The response of the detection system to the $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay electron and subsequent $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray radiation was fit to the observed experimental data using a ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{2}$-minimization technique.Results: $\ensuremath{\beta}$-feeding intensities and Gamow-Teller strength distributions were extracted from the fits of the experimental data. The $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay intensities show that there is a large percentage of feeding to levels above 2 MeV, which have not been observed in previous studies. The resultant $\ensuremath{\beta}$-feeding intensities and Gamow-Teller strength distributions were compared to shell model and quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA) calculations.Conclusions: Comparing experimentally determined $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay strength distributions provides a test of models, which are commonly used for global $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay properties for astrophysical calculations. This work highlights the importance of performing detailed comparisons of models to experimental data, particularly far from stability and as close to the $r$-process path as possible.

The Oslo method has been applied to particle-$\ensuremath{\gamma}$ coincidences following the $^{239}\mathrm{Pu}(d,p)$ reaction to obtain the nuclear level density (NLD) and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray strength function ($\ensuremath{\gamma}\mathrm{SF}$) of $^{240}\mathrm{Pu}$. The experiment was conducted with a 12 MeV deuteron beam at the Oslo Cyclotron Laboratory. The low spin transfer of this reaction leads to a spin-parity mismatch between populated and intrinsic levels. This is a challenge for the Oslo method as it can have a significant impact on the extracted NLD and $\ensuremath{\gamma}\mathrm{SF}$. We have developed an iterative approach to ensure consistent results even for cases with a large spin-parity mismatch, in which we couple Green's function transfer calculations of the spin-parity dependent population cross-section to the nuclear decay code rainier. The resulting $\ensuremath{\gamma}\mathrm{SF}$ shows a pronounced enhancement between 2--4 MeV that is consistent with the location of the low-energy orbital $M1$ scissors mode.

The nuclear level density and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-decay strength of $^{192}\mathrm{Os}$ have been extracted using particle-$\ensuremath{\gamma}$ coincidence data from the $^{192}\mathrm{Os}(\ensuremath{\alpha},{\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{\gamma})^{192}\mathrm{Os}$ reaction by means of the Oslo method. The level density is found to be a rather smooth function of excitation energy, approximately following the constant temperature model. The $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-decay strength is compared to photoneutron cross-section data above the neutron separation energy, and to $E1$ and $M1$ strengths for nuclei in this mass region derived from primary transitions following neutron capture. Our results are in good agreement with these previous data and draw a consistent picture of the $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-strength function in the range ${E}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}\ensuremath{\approx}1.5--6\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{MeV}$. Using the measured nuclear level density and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-decay strength as input to the nuclear-reaction code talys, we provide the first experimentally constrained Maxwellian-averaged cross section (MACS) for the $^{191}\mathrm{Os}(n,\ensuremath{\gamma})^{192}\mathrm{Os}$ reaction relevant to $s$-process nucleosynthesis. The systematic uncertainties introduced by the normalization procedure of the level density and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-strength function were investigated and propagated to the calculated Maxwellian-averaged cross section. The obtained result of the Maxwellian-averaged cross section at ${k}_{B}T=30\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{keV}$, ${\ensuremath{\langle}\ensuremath{\sigma}\ensuremath{\rangle}}_{n,\ensuremath{\gamma}}=1134\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}375\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mb}$, is in very good agreement with the theoretical estimate provided by the KADoNiS project, giving experimental support to the adopted KADoNiS value. Good agreement is also found with MACS values obtained from other libraries, such as TENDL-2017, ENDF/B-VII.0, and JEFF.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.242502.

Background: The recent observation of a neutron-star merger finally confirmed one astrophysical location of the rapid neutron-capture process (r-process). Evidence of the production of $Al140$ nuclei was seen, but there is still little detailed information about how those lighter elements are produced in such an environment. Many of the questions surrounding the $A\ensuremath{\approx}80$ nuclei are likely to be answered only when the nuclear physics involved in the production of r-process nuclei is well understood. Neutron-capture reactions are an important component of the r-process, and neutron-capture cross sections of r-process nuclei, which are very neutron rich, have large uncertainties.Purpose: Indirectly determine the neutron-capture cross section and reaction rate of $^{73}\mathrm{Zn}(n,\ensuremath{\gamma})^{74}\mathrm{Zn}$.Methods: The nuclear level density (NLD) and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray strength function ($\ensuremath{\gamma}\mathrm{SF}$) of $^{74}\mathrm{Zn}$ were determined following a total absorption spectroscopy (TAS) experiment focused on the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay of $^{74}\mathrm{Cu}$ into $^{74}\mathrm{Zn}$ performed at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory. The NLD and $\ensuremath{\gamma}\mathrm{SF}$ were used as inputs in a Hauser-Feshbach statistical model to calculate the neutron-capture cross section and reaction rate.Results: The NLD and $\ensuremath{\gamma}\mathrm{SF}$ of $^{74}\mathrm{Zn}$ were experimentally constrained for the first time using $\ensuremath{\beta}$-delayed $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays measured with TAS and the $\ensuremath{\beta}$-Oslo method. The NLD and $\ensuremath{\gamma}\mathrm{SF}$ were then used to constrain the neutron-capture cross section and reaction rate for the $^{73}\mathrm{Zn}(n,\ensuremath{\gamma})^{74}\mathrm{Zn}$ reaction.Conclusions: The uncertainty in the neutron-capture cross section and reaction rate of $^{73}\mathrm{Zn}(n,\ensuremath{\gamma})^{74}\mathrm{Zn}$ calculated in TALYS was reduced to under a factor of 2 from a factor of 5 in the cross section and a factor of 11 in the reaction rate using the experimentally obtained NLD and $\ensuremath{\gamma}\mathrm{SF}$.

Numerous scientific fields including astrophysics, nuclear power, and nuclear forensics require a knowledge of basic nuclear properties for large numbers of short-lived, radioactive isotopes far removed from stable nuclei. Neutron-capture cross sections are one such piece of nuclear data where direct measurements are not possible and theoretical predictions can vary by orders of magnitude. A recently developed indirect technique for inferring neutron capture rates, the β -Oslo method, has been introduced but not compared against a known, directly measured neutron capture cross section. To provide this benchmark, two indirect methods based on β decay and charged-particle reactions were used to extract the nuclear level density and γ -ray strength function of 51 Ti . The nuclear level density and γ -ray strength function from the two data sets were found to be equivalent and were used to extract the neutron capture cross section of 50 Ti which agrees with previous direct measurements at high neutron energies. The results demonstrate the validity of the β -Oslo method for extracting neutron capture cross sections of short-lived nuclei and provide a sufficiently small uncertainty to be used in various applications.

We are also grateful for the financial support received from the Research Council of Norway (NFR). S.S. and G.M.T. acknowledge funding under NFR project Grants No. 210007 and No. 262952/F20. A.C.L. acknowledges financial support from the ERC-STG2014 under Grant No. 637686.

Lifetimes of several short-lived excited states in Nd138 were measured with the ROSPHERE array at IFIN-HH, Bucharest, using the recoil-distance Doppler shift technique following the Sb123(F19,4n) reaction. The resulting electromagnetic transition probabilities are compared to large-scale shell model calculations and to constrained Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations with the Gogny D1S interaction, configuration mixing, and a five-dimensional collective Hamiltonian formalism. The onset of collectivity in Nd isotopes below the N=82 shell closure and the deformation induced by the alignment of protons and neutron holes in the h11/2 orbitals are discussed.

Neutron-capture reactions on very neutron-rich nuclei are essential for heavy-element nucleosynthesis through the rapid neutron-capture process, now shown to take place in neutron-star merger events. For these exotic nuclei, radiative neutron capture is extremely sensitive to their $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-emission probability at very low $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ energies. In this work, we present measurements of the $\ensuremath{\gamma}\text{-decay}$ strength of $^{70}\mathrm{Ni}$ over the wide range $1.3\ensuremath{\le}{E}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}\ensuremath{\le}8$ MeV. A significant enhancement is found in the $\ensuremath{\gamma}\text{-decay}$ strength for transitions with ${E}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}l3$ MeV. At present, this is the most neutron-rich nucleus displaying this feature, proving that this phenomenon is not restricted to stable nuclei. We have performed $E1$-strength calculations within the quasiparticle time-blocking approximation, which describe our data above ${E}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}\ensuremath{\simeq}5$ MeV very well. Moreover, large-scale shell-model calculations indicate an $M1$ nature of the low-energy $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ strength. This turns out to be remarkably robust with respect to the choice of interaction, truncation, and model space, and we predict its presence in the whole isotopic chain, in particular the neutron-rich $^{72,74,76}\mathrm{Ni}$.

Statistical $\gamma$-decay from highly excited states is determined by the nuclear level density (NLD) and the $\gamma$-ray strength function ($\gamma$SF). These average quantities have been measured for several nuclei using the Oslo method. For the first time, we exploit the NLD and $\gamma$SF to evaluate the $\gamma$-width in the energy region below the neutron binding energy, often called the quasi-continuum region. The lifetimes of states in the quasi-continuum are important benchmarks for a theoretical description of nuclear structure and dynamics at high temperature. The lifetimes may also have impact on reaction rates for the rapid neutron-capture process, now demonstrated to take place in neutron star mergers., Comment: CGS16, Shanghai 2017, Proceedings, 5 pages, 3 figures

The $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ decay of $^{65}\mathrm{Ni}$ has been studied from particle-$\ensuremath{\gamma}$ coincidence data on the $^{64}\mathrm{Ni}(d,p\ensuremath{\gamma})^{65}\mathrm{Ni}$ reaction. $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray spectra at excitation energies below ${E}_{x}\ensuremath{\approx}2\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{MeV}$ have been studied and compared with previous measurements. Coincidences corresponding to ${E}_{x}\ensuremath{\approx}4.4--6.1\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{MeV}$ have been used to constrain the shape of the nuclear level density and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-strength function of $^{65}\mathrm{Ni}$ by means of the Oslo method. The experimental $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-strength function presents an enhancement at $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ energies below ${E}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}\ensuremath{\approx}3\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{MeV}$. In addition, a resonance-like structure centered at ${E}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}\ensuremath{\approx}4.6\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{MeV}$ is seen together with accumulated strength at ${E}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}\ensuremath{\approx}2.6--3.6\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{MeV}$. The obtained results contribute to the systematic study of $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ decay in the Ni isotopes, which is of great interest for the understanding of both single-particle and collective nuclear structure phenomena.

Author(s): Rose, SJ; Zeiser, F; Wilson, JN; Oberstedt, A; Oberstedt, S; Siem, S; Tveten, GM; Bernstein, LA; Bleuel, DL; Brown, JA; Crespo Campo, L; Giacoppo, F; Gorgen, A; Guttormsen, M; Hadynska, K; Hafreager, A; Hagen, TW; Klintefjord, M; Laplace, TA; Larsen, AC; Renstrom, T; Sahin, E; Schmitt, C; Tornyi, TG; Wiedeking, M | Abstract: Prompt-fission γ rays are responsible for approximately 5% of the total energy released in fission, and therefore important to understand when modeling nuclear reactors. In this work we present prompt γ-ray emission characteristics in fission as a function of the nuclear excitation energy of the fissioning system. Emitted γ-ray spectra were measured, and γ-ray multiplicities and average and total γ energies per fission were determined for the U(d,pf)233 reaction for excitation energies between 4.8 and 10 MeV, and for the Pu(d,pf)239 reaction between 4.5 and 9 MeV. The spectral characteristics show no significant change as a function of excitation energy above the fission barrier, despite the fact that an extra ∼5 MeV of energy is potentially available in the excited fragments for γ decay. The measured results are compared with model calculations made for prompt γ-ray emission with the fission model code gef. Further comparison with previously obtained results from thermal neutron induced fission is made to characterize possible differences arising from using the surrogate (d,p) reaction.

A particularly challenging part of the question of how elements heavier than iron are created in extreme, astrophysical environments is the creation of the so-called p-nuclei, which are believed to be mainly produced in the O-Ne layer of type II supernovae or type Ia supernovae. The lack of needed nuclear data presents an obstacle in nailing down the precise site and astrophysical conditions for the production of these isotopes. Astrophysical model calculations are able to reproduce abundance patterns of most p-isotopes reasonably well, with some pivotal exceptions. In particular, p-isotopes of mass 92 ≤ A ≤ 98 are underproduced in calculations compared to the actual abundance of these isotopes. The p-isotope 92Mo represents one of the most severe cases of underproduction. State-of-the-art p-process calculations systematically underestimate the observed solar abundance of this isotope. The main destruction mechanism of this isotope in the standard description of the p-process is through the 92Mo(γ, p)91Nb reaction. Measurements on the nuclear level density and average gamma strength function of 92Mo have been carried out at the Oslo Cyclotron Laboratory. TALYS cross section and reaction rate calculations where the experimental results are used as input will be presented. The data provide stringent constraints on the 91Nb(p, γ)92Mo (and consequently the inverse) reaction rate. The reaction rate extracted in this work was used in reaction network calculations for the scenario of a p-process taking place in a type II supernova explosion as the shock front passes through the O-Ne layer of a 25 solar mass star.

Nuclear level densities and $\gamma$-ray strength functions of $^{56,57}$Fe have been extracted from proton-$\gamma$ coincidences. A low-energy enhancement in the $\gamma$-ray strength functions up to a factor of 30 over common theoretical E1 models is confirmed. Angular distributions of the low-energy enhancement in $^{57}$Fe indicate its dipole nature, in agreement with findings for $^{56}$Fe. The high statistics and the excellent energy resolution of the large-volume LaBr$_{3}$(Ce) detectors allowed for a thorough analysis of $\gamma$ strength as function of excitation energy. Taking into account the presence of strong Porter-Thomas fluctuations, there is no indication of any significant excitation-energy dependence in the $\gamma$-ray strength function, in support of the generalized Brink-Axel hypothesis., Comment: 24 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in J. Phys. G: Nucl. Phys; Special Issue

Neutron-capture reactions play an important role in heavy element nucleosynthesis, since they are the driving force for the two processes that create the vast majority of the heavy elements. When a neutron capture occurs on a short-lived nucleus, it is extremely challenging to study the reaction directly and therefore the use of indirect techniques is essential. The present work reports on such an indirect measurement that provides strong constraints on the 68Ni(n, γ)69Ni reaction rate. This is done by populating the compound nucleus 69Ni via the β decay of 69Co and measuring the γ-ray deexcitation of excited states in 69Ni. The β-Oslo method was used to extract the γ-ray strength function and the nuclear level density. In addition the half-life of 69Co was extracted and found to be in agreement with previous literature values. Before the present results, the 68Ni(n, γ)69Ni reaction was unconstrained and the purely theoretical reaction rate was highly uncertain. The new uncertainty on the reaction rate based on the present experiment (variation between upper and lower limit) is approximately a factor of 3. The commonly used reaction libraries JINA-REACLIB and BRUSLIB are in relatively good agreement with the experimental rate. The impact of the new rate on weak r-process calculations is discussed. This research was first published in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics. © IOP Publishing.

Particle-$\ensuremath{\gamma}$ coincidence data have been analyzed to obtain the nuclear level density and the $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-strength function of $^{64}\mathrm{Ni}$ by means of the Oslo method. The level density found in this work is in very good agreement with known energy levels at low excitation energies as well as with data deduced from particle-evaporation measurements at excitation energies above ${E}_{x}\ensuremath{\approx}5.5$ MeV. The experimental $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-strength function presents an enhancement at $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ energies below ${E}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}\ensuremath{\approx}3$ MeV and possibly a resonancelike structure centered at ${E}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}\ensuremath{\approx}9.2$ MeV. The obtained nuclear level density and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-strength function have been used to estimate the $(n,\ensuremath{\gamma})$ cross section for the $s$-process branch-point nucleus $^{63}\mathrm{Ni}$, of particular interest for astrophysical calculations of elemental abundances.

The $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay intensity of $^{70}\mathrm{Co}$ was measured for the first time using the technique of total absorption spectroscopy. The large $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay $Q$ value [12.3(3) MeV] offers a rare opportunity to study $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay properties in a broad energy range. Two surprising features were observed in the experimental results, namely, the large fragmentation of the $\ensuremath{\beta}$ intensity at high energies, as well as the strong competition between $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays and neutrons, up to more than 2 MeV above the neutron-separation energy. The data are compared to two theoretical calculations: the shell model and the quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA). Both models seem to be missing a significant strength at high excitation energies. Possible interpretations of this discrepancy are discussed. The shell model is used for a detailed nuclear structure interpretation and helps to explain the observed $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-neutron competition. The comparison to the QRPA calculations is done as a means to test a model that provides global $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay properties for astrophysical calculations. Our work demonstrates the importance of performing detailed comparisons to experimental results, beyond the simple half-life comparisons. A realistic and robust description of the $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay intensity is crucial for our understanding of nuclear structure as well as of $r$-process nucleosynthesis.

One of the greatest questions for modern physics to address is how elements heavier than iron are created in extreme, astrophysical environments. A particularly challenging part of that question is the creation of the so-called p-nuclei, which are believed to be mainly produced in some types of supernovae. The lack of needed nuclear data presents an obstacle in nailing down the precise site and astrophysical conditions. In this work, we present for the first time measurements on the nuclear level density and average strength function of $^{92}$Mo. State-of-the-art p-process calculations systematically underestimate the observed solar abundance of this isotope. Our data provide stringent constraints on the $^{91}$Nb$(p,{\gamma})^{92}$Mo reaction rate, which is the last unmeasured reaction in the nucleosynthesis puzzle of $^{92}$Mo. Based on our results, we conclude that the $^{92}$Mo abundance anomaly is not due to the nuclear physics input to astrophysical model calculations., Comment: Submitted to PRC

The level density and gamma-ray strength function (gammaSF) of 243Pu have been measured in the quasi-continuum using the Oslo method. Excited states in 243Pu were populated using the 242Pu(d,p) reaction. The level density closely follows the constant-temperature level density formula for excitation energies above the pairing gap. The gammaSF displays a double-humped resonance at low energy as also seen in previous investigations of actinide isotopes. The structure is interpreted as the scissors resonance and has a centroid of omega_{SR}=2.42(5)MeV and a total strength of B_{SR}=10.1(15)mu_N^2, which is in excellent agreement with sum-rule estimates. The measured level density and gammaSF were used to calculate the 242Pu(n,gamma) cross section in a neutron energy range for which there were previously no measured data.

Nuclear reactions where an exotic nucleus captures a neutron are critical for a wide variety of applications, from energy production and national security, to astrophysical processes, and nucleosynthesis. Neutron capture rates are well constrained near stable isotopes where experimental data are available; however, moving far from the valley of stability, uncertainties grow by orders of magnitude. This is due to the complete lack of experimental constraints, as the direct measurement of a neutron-capture reaction on a short-lived nucleus is extremely challenging. Here, we report on the first experimental extraction of a neutron capture reaction rate on ^{69}Ni, a nucleus that is five neutrons away from the last stable isotope of Ni. The implications of this measurement on nucleosynthesis around mass 70 are discussed, and the impact of similar future measurements on the understanding of the origin of the heavy elements in the cosmos is presented.

The nuclear level densities and gamma-ray strength functions are the key elements for Hauser-Feshbach statistical model calculations to predict reaction cross sections which have many applications including astrophysics. The nuclear level densities and y-ray strength functions have been determined for 145,149,151Nd isotopes below the neutron separation energies using the Oslo method with the 144,148,150Nd(d,p) reactions. The results from the first measurements as well as planned experiments at OCL will be presented.