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This research focuses on the batch adsorption process, then looks for kinetic models and Freundlich model adsorption isotherms. In the process of adsorbing the heavy metal Pb, humic acid from goat dung has the potential to be employed as a promising adsorbent since it offers benefits, including being economical, being able to work accurately, quickly, sensitively, selectively, and helping to maintain public health. Parameters for testing humic acid from goat dung as an adsorbent for heavy metal Pb were determined by optimizing pH test variations, contact time, and concentration of Pb solution. Humic acid from goat manure could work optimally to absorb heavy metal Pb at pH 5, contact time 30 minutes, and metal concentration Pb 20 ppm with an adsorption capacity of 19.784 mg/g. Data modeling revealed that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetics model with the acquisition value of R² = 0.9595 and the Freundlich isotherm with the acquisition value of R² = 0.9166.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kebenaran besi sebagai unsur kimia yang berasal dari langit. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan yang berdasarkan data primer berupa ayat-ayat Al-Quran dan data sekunder dari jurnal-jurnal akademik yang terpercaya. Dalam melaksanakan penelitian, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan teologis substansial. Banyak unsur kimia yang ditemukan di bumi yang diciptakan oleh Allah SWT salah satunya adalah besi yang termaktub dalam Al-Quran Surat Al-hadid ayat 25. Berdasarkan ayat tersebut, Allah menciptakan besi yang memiliki banyak manfaat bagi manusia dan memiliki kekuatan yang hebat. Ayat tersebut juga mengungkapkan bahwa besi yang terdapat di bumi diturunkan dari langit. Berdasarkan penelitian terdapat kesamaan unsur yang terdapat dalam meteor yang jatuh ke bumi dengan unsur kimia di bumi, sehingga semakin menegaskan kebenaran Al-Qur`an tentang ungkapan turunnya besi dari langit.

Madrasah teachers are currently considered to have lower cognitive competence when compared to formal school teachers in general, although this statement is not entirely correct. Researchers have conducted computational thinking training in several madrasa of Central Java Provinces, like MIN 1 Kendal, MTs N 1 Jepara, and MAN 1 Grobogan. Computational Thinking (CT) involves problem solving and system design by breaking it down into several stages that are effective, efficient, and comprehensive, including decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithms which are some of the basic concepts of computer science. The purpose of this study is the implementation of CT by madrasa’ teachers on each lesson to students in order to increase student learning interest. The research method used is blended learning which is a combination of an online course (introduction to Bebras Indonesia and CT) and an onsite course (training on CT and implementation of CT to students). The results showed that there was an increase in the average score of the trainees between the pre-test and post-test of the teachers at MIN 1 Kendal, MTs N 1 Jepara, and MAN 1 Grobogan i.e. 70.23%, 70.01% and 80. 64%, respectively. Furthermore, student testimonials after the implementation of CT in subjects taught by the majority of teachers at 66.79% filled in very interesting so that CT learning was very effective in increasing student learning interest in madrasah.

Individuals will reap enormous benefits from bonding. There are always positive aspects to take from a bond. Covalent, ionic, and metallic bonds are examples of chemical bonds. The main ideas raised in chemical bonds are strengthened by incorporating Islamic character values. The primary objective of this study was to examine all chemical bonds and incorporate them into human life, especially in accordance with Islamic brotherhood. The findings of this study reveal that each chemical bond, whether covalent, ionic, or metallic, has a meaning that is closely related to human relations as social beings in accordance with Islamic values, as revealed by a literature review. Humans as social beings are taught to always have good relations with fellow humans through covalent bonds, and through ionic bonds, they are taught to help, work together, and take care of one another. Metallic bonds, on the other hand, teach humans to share and be sincere.

Groundwater before being used is very important to pay attention to the quality of the water. Water has good quality if it is in accordance with several parameters, including chemical, physical, and biological parameters. Mineral salt content is one of the chemical parameters that can be used to determine the quality of water. In this study, the synthesis of cassava peel hydrochar was successfully carried out using the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) method. This material was developed to reduce waste of cassava peel biomass and overcome the problem of water hardness. HTC cassava peel was developed as an alternative hard water softener adsorbent. The results of FTIR characterization on hydro-activation (activating hydrochar) and hydro-non (non-activating hydrochar) contain functional groups of O-H stretch, C-H stretch, C≡C stretch and C=C stretch. Observation of surface morphology by SEM method on hydro-non in the form of large sheets, while the surface on hydro-activities in the form of small sheets. The adsorption capacity of hydro-active against Ca2+ ions and Mg2+ ions were 85.240 mg/g and 87.210 mg/g, respectively. Meanwhile, the hydro-non adsorption capacity of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions were 84,736 mg/g and 85,713 mg/g. The kinetics of hydro-active adsorption on Mg2+ ion took place on order 3 (0.000003 min-1) while when adsorption of Ca2+ ion took place on order 0 (0.0324 min-1).©2021 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.

Sintesis magnetit terlapis asam humat (Fe3O4–HA) telah dilakukan untuk adsorpsi dari dua jenis zat warna, yaitu metilen biru (MB) dan metil orange (MO). Penelitian ini diawali dengan ekstraksi asam humat (HA) yang diperoleh dari hasil isolasi tanah gambut Rawa Pening, Ambarawa, Jawa Tengah dan dilanjutkan dengan sintesis Fe3O4–HA menggunakan metode kopresipitasi dengan agen pengendap NH4OH pada campuran garam FeSO4•7H2O, FeCl3•6H2O dan HA hasil ekstraksi. Fe3O4–HA hasil sintesis kemudian dikarakterisasi dengan spektroskopi FTIR dan difraktogram XRD. Proses adsorpsi dilakukan pada waktu keseimbangan optimum MB dan MO dengan menggunakan kinetika adsorpsi orde satu semu, orde dua semu, dan kinetika Santosa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adsorpsi MB dan MO oleh Fe3O4–HA mengikuti model kinetika adsorpsi orde dua semu dengan nilai konstanta keseimbangan adsorpsi (k) secara berurutan adalah 107304,348 L mol-1 untuk MB, dan 80361,011 L mol-1 untuk MO. Data adsorpsi ini diperoleh pada kondisi pH optimum pada MB dan MO secara berurutan pada pH 7 dan 2, serta tercapai waktu keseimbangan untuk MB dan MO secara berurutan pada 30 dan 15 menit.

The purpose of the research is to know the effectiveness of committee’s role at state senior high school in Jombang regency. The research takes eleven state senior high schools as the sample. The research data is gained from some respondents of state senior high schools’ teacher as the sample. The technique of collecting data which is used is proportional random sampling with 212 samples, taken for amount 46,79% from the research population with 453 teachers. The instrument which is used are observation checklist and questionnaire. Whereas, the technique in analyzing the data is in the form of percentage. The research finding is as following: (1) the role of state senior high school’s committee in Jombang Regency as The Advisor Agency shows the effectiveness in middle level (76,41%); (2) the role of state senior high school’s committee in Jombang Regency as The Supporting Agency shows the effectiveness level (81%); (3) the role of state senior high school’s committee in Jombang Regency as The Controlling Agency shows the effectiveness in middle level (77,47%); and (4) the role of state senior high school’s committee role in Jombang Regency as The Mediator Agency show the effective category of (86,32%). Keywords: The effectiveness, committee.

Recently, it is obvious that the recovery of gold from secondary resources has been of great interest due to its high profitability and vast applications. Among many methods available, reductive adsorption is the easiest, cheapest and eco-friendly way for gold recovery. In the present study, an effective and magnetically separable adsorbent, i.e., humic acid-functionalized magnetite (Fe3O4-HA), had been prepared and used for the reductive adsorption of Au(III) ion. The as-prepared Fe3O4-HA was characterized by using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), a scanning electron microscopy with an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Quantitative analyses of the total acidity and the content of carboxyl and phenolic –OH groups of HA and Fe3O4-HA were also performed. While the experiment results showed that Fe3O4-HA was optimum in adsorbing Au(III) ion at pH 3.5 with adsorption capacity (b) according to Langmuir isotherm model was 200 mg g−1, the adsorption process followed pseudo-second order with rate constant (k2p) 3.03 × 10−4 g/(mg min). It was found that the phenolic –OH group of HA was the one responsible for the reduction of Au(III) ion into metallic gold on the surface of the adsorbent, while the carboxyl group was the active site for the adsorption of Au(III) ion. It was revealed that the presence of radical scavenger 2-propanol decreased the adsorption of Au(III) ion and subsequent reduction to Au. Meanwhile, the adsorbent was easily separated from the medium by an application of an external magnetic field.

Saluran perpipaan adalah salah satu metode yang paling praktis dan terjangkau untuk transportasi minyak dan gas. Akibatnya, masalah kegagalan pipa semakin banyak terjadi. Faktor ekonomis dan lingkungan serta kehidupan manusia menjadi pertimbangan untuk melibatkan masalah saat ini sebagai integritas struktural dan standar keamanan. Oleh karena itu, keandalan integritas struktural dan keamanan jaringan pipa minyak dan gas dalam berbagai kondisi termasuk adanya cacat harus dievaluasi secara seksama. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui laju korosi, remaining life time dan risk level serta merekomendasikan penyusunan prioritas inspeksi pada instrumen pipa gas lurus ( inlet automatic valve KP-20 O 20”), pipa Gas Lurus ( Outlet Automatic Shutdown Valve KP-20 O 20”) dan sambungan Tee (KP-20 O 20”) pada Stasiun Gas KP-20, Blora, Jawa Tengah milik salah satu perusahaan distributor gas alam untuk pembangkit listrik menggunakan metode Risk-Based Inspection menggunakan standard API 581 dengan bantuan software hitung Microsoft Excel. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah langkah-langkah menentukan Risk Level pada setiap instrumen menggunakan metode Risk-Based Inspection standard API 581 dan hasil berikutnya adalah merekomendasikan perencanaan inspeksi yang efektif berdasarkan Risk Level dan Remaining Life Time.

Nanomaterials based on carbon exhibits unique properties, both physical and chemical, that can be utilized in various application, including catalyst. These nanomaterials were prepared through pyrolysis-carbonization process of biomass, oil palm empty fruit bunches. The effect of carbonization temperature in range of 500°C-600°C were also studied. The magnetic nanobiochar samples, MBC, were sulfonated by using sulfuric acid to increase their properties as solid acid catalyst. Their chemical and physical properties were characterized by Surface Area Analyzer and Porositymeter, X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier Transform Infra-Red. The magnetic biochar samples obtained from carbonization at 873 K, MBC02−SO3H, was proven to have higher surface area, crystallinity properties and surface chemical composition after sulfonation process, which were confirmed by the BET, XRD and FT-IR analysis. Moreover, sample MBC02-SO3H exhibit promising catalytic acitivity in a catalysed esterification reaction, producing an ester yield of 64%. The result from this work opens new opportunities for the development of magnetic heterogenous acid catalyst from biomass waste.

The research problem is the low ability students at class VII-B SMP Negeri 1 Rengel Tuban in using spelling and punctuation to write personal experience. It is seen from the data: 1) errors capitalization 89.65%, 2) misuse of prepositions 86.20%, 3) misapplication dot 75.86%, and 4) error use commas 41.37% . Researchers chose Jigsaw technique to overcome the problems. This selection was based on the advantages of Jigsaw technique is to learn together, the problems faced by students can be resolved. Results of the study: There was an increase in the ability to use correct spelling and punctuation in writing personal experience of students of class VII-B SMP Negeri 1 Rengel Tuban, namely: 1) errors capitalization decreased by 41.38% from 82.75% to 41, 37%, 2) misuse of prepositions decreased by 13.80% from 79.31% to 65.51%, and 3) the use of punctuation errors decreased by 75.86% from 82.75% to 6.89 %