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Given the increasing evidence that the oral microbiome is involved in obesity, diabetes, and cancer risk, we investigated baseline oral microbiota profiles in relation to all-cancer incidence among nonsmoking women enrolled in a Texas cohort of first- and second-generation immigrants of Mexican origin. We characterized the 16Sv4 rDNA microbiome in oral mouthwash samples collected at baseline from a representative subset of 305 nonsmoking women, ages 20–75 years. We evaluated within- (alpha) and between-sample (beta) diversity by incident cancer status and applied linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size analysis to assess differentially abundant taxa. Diversity and candidate taxa in relation to all-cancer incidence were evaluated in multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models. Over 8.8 median years of follow-up, 31 incident cancer cases were identified and verified. Advanced age, greater acculturation, and cardiometabolic risk factors were associated with all-cancer incidence. Higher alpha diversity (age-adjusted Pdifference < 0.01) and distinct biological communities (Pdifference = 0.002) were observed by incident cancer status. Each unit increase in the Shannon diversity index yielded >8-fold increase in all-cancer and obesity-related cancer risk [multivariable-adjusted HR (95% confidence interval), 8.11 (3.14–20.94) and 10.72 (3.30–34.84), respectively] with similar findings for the inverse Simpson index. Streptococcus was enriched among women who did not develop cancer, while Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Mogibacterium, Campylobacter, Lachnoanaerobaculum, Dialister, and Atopobium were higher among women who developed cancer (LDA score ≥ 3; q-value < 0.01). This initial study of oral microbiota and overall cancer risk in nonsmoking Mexican American women suggests the readily accessible oral microbiota as a promising biomarker.Prevention Relevance:Mexican American women suffer a disproportionate burden of chronic health conditions that increase cancer risk. Few investigations of the microbiome, a key determinant of host health, have been conducted among this group. Oral microbiota profiles may provide early and accessible cancer biomarker data on invasive bacteria or community disruptions.

Given the increasing evidence that the oral microbiome is involved in obesity, diabetes, and cancer risk, we investigated baseline oral microbiota profiles in relation to all-cancer incidence among nonsmoking women enrolled in a Texas cohort of first- and second-generation immigrants of Mexican origin. We characterized the 16Sv4 rDNA microbiome in oral mouthwash samples collected at baseline from a representative subset of 305 nonsmoking women, ages 20–75 years. We evaluated within- (alpha) and between-sample (beta) diversity by incident cancer status and applied linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size analysis to assess differentially abundant taxa. Diversity and candidate taxa in relation to all-cancer incidence were evaluated in multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models. Over 8.8 median years of follow-up, 31 incident cancer cases were identified and verified. Advanced age, greater acculturation, and cardiometabolic risk factors were associated with all-cancer incidence. Higher alpha diversity (age-adjusted Pdifference < 0.01) and distinct biological communities (Pdifference = 0.002) were observed by incident cancer status. Each unit increase in the Shannon diversity index yielded >8-fold increase in all-cancer and obesity-related cancer risk [multivariable-adjusted HR (95% confidence interval), 8.11 (3.14–20.94) and 10.72 (3.30–34.84), respectively] with similar findings for the inverse Simpson index. Streptococcus was enriched among women who did not develop cancer, while Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Mogibacterium, Campylobacter, Lachnoanaerobaculum, Dialister, and Atopobium were higher among women who developed cancer (LDA score ≥ 3; q-value < 0.01). This initial study of oral microbiota and overall cancer risk in nonsmoking Mexican American women suggests the readily accessible oral microbiota as a promising biomarker. Prevention Relevance: Mexican American women suffer a disproportionate burden of chronic health conditions that increase cancer risk. Few investigations of the microbiome, a key determinant of host health, have been conducted among this group. Oral microbiota profiles may provide early and accessible cancer biomarker data on invasive bacteria or community disruptions.

Background: We previously demonstrated an association of age and acculturation with oral microbiota among non-smoking women enrolled in a Texas cohort of first and second generation immigrants of Mexican origin. Given the increasing evidence that the oral microbiome is involved in obesity, diabetes and cancer risk, as well as the lack of data in Mexican Americans, we prospectively investigated baseline oral microbiota profiles in relation to all-cancer incidence. Methods: We characterized the 16Sv4 rDNA microbiome in oral mouthwash samples collected at baseline from a representative subset of 369 non-smoking women, aged 20-78 years, enrolled in the MD Anderson Mano a Mano Mexican American (MA) cohort study. Using Dirichlet multinomial mixtures (DMM) modeling, we previously identified three microbial communities or clusters in our sample uniquely characterized by Streptococcus, Fusobacterium and Prevotella. We evaluated within (alpha) and between sample (beta) diversity by incident cancer status and applied Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) Effect Size analysis (LEfSe) to assess differentially abundant taxa. Results: Over 8.9 median years of follow-up, 31 incident cancer cases were identified and verified with the Texas Cancer Registry. In addition to advanced age and higher acculturation, a prior history of cardiovascular disease and multiple cardiometabolic risk factors (obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension) were associated with higher all-cancer incidence in this subset of non-smoking women. With the exception of country of birth and following adjustment for age, none of these were strongly associated with the oral microbiome. Higher overall diversity of the oral microbiota, as assessed by Shannon diversity index, was observed among women diagnosed with cancer over follow-up, as compared to those who were not (age-adjusted Pdiff=0.0003). We observed potentially distinct biological communities, as measured by weighted UniFrac distance (Pdiff =0.001), and several differentially abundant taxa by incident cancer status. Fusobacterium, Campylobacter, Prevotella, Dialister and Atopobium were higher among women who developed cancer, while Streptococcus was enriched among women who did not develop cancer (LDA>=3, P Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first look at oral microbiota and cancer risk in Mexican American women. Our findings support the potential of the more readily accessible oral microbiota as a promising biomarker of cancer risk in non-smoking women. Citation Format: Xiaotao Zhang, Kristi L. Hoffman, Qiong Dong, Kplola Y. Elhor Gbito, Shine Chang, Joseph Petrosino, Carrie R. Daniel-MacDougall. Baseline oral microbiota profiles associated with all-cancer incidence in a cohort of non-smoking Mexican American women [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 1121.

Objectives. To investigate the association between acculturation and diabetes risk in the Mexican American Mano a Mano (hand to hand) Cohort. Methods. We recruited 15 975 men and women in the Houston, Texas, area from 2001 to 2014. We used language use, birth country, and duration of US residence (among Mexico-born) to assess acculturation. Participants self-reported a physician’s diagnosis of diabetes during annual follow-up over an average of 5.4 (range = 1–13) years. Self-reported diabetes status was validated in medical records for a subset of 235 participants with 98% agreement. Results. Diabetes risk was higher among immigrants with 15 to 19, 20 to 24, and 25 or more years (relative risk = 1.47; 95% confidence interval = 1.07, 2.01) of US residence, relative to those with less than 5 years. Neither language acculturation nor birth country was significantly associated with diabetes risk. Conclusions. Among participants born in Mexico, diabetes risk increased with longer duration of US residence.

S26 had an alternative diagnosis for their neurologic symptoms identified after tissue biopsy and/or other work-up. On LP, lower glucose levels (median 54 mg/dL, p1⁄40.02), elevated total nucleated cells (TNC)(median 14/mL, p1⁄40.004), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) (median 12/mL, p1⁄40.02), CLL cells percentage (median 5%, p1⁄40.05) and count (median 1.5/mL, p1⁄40.02) significantly associated with a final diagnosis of CNS involvement CLL/RS. Despite this association, none reliably discriminated as to whether the etiologies of patients’ neurologic symptoms were due to clinically significant CNS involvement by CLL/RS or another etiology. Conclusions: Neurological symptoms requiring an LP are rare in patients with CLL/SLL (4% of cases). CNS CLL/RS is a rare condition, and neurologic symptoms in patients with CLL are attributable to other etiologies in w80% of cases. Analysis of the CSF has high sensitivity but limited specificity to distinguish CNS CLL from other etiologies and additional parameters are needed.