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1. Loss of Smell and Taste in Patients With Suspected COVID-19: Analyses of Patients’ Reports on Social Media

Author

Koyama, Sachiko, Ueha, Rumi, and Kondo, Kenji

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundThe year 2020 was the year of the global COVID-19 pandemic. The severity of the situation has become so substantial that many or even most of the patients with mild to moderate symptoms had to self-isolate without specific medical treatments or even without being tested for COVID-19. Many patients joined internet membership groups to exchange information and support each other. ObjectiveOur goal is to determine the benefits and limits of using social media to understand the symptoms of patients with suspected COVID-19 with mild to moderate symptoms and, in particular, their symptoms of anosmia (loss of the sense of smell) and ageusia (loss of the sense of taste). The voluntary reports on an internet website of a membership group will be the platform of the analyses. MethodsPosts and comments of members of an internet group known as COVID-19 Smell and Taste Loss, founded on March 24, 2020, to support patients with suspected COVID-19 were collected and analyzed daily. Demographic data were collected using the software mechanism called Group Insights on the membership group website. ResultsMembership groups on social media have become rare sources of support for patients with suspected COVID-19 with mild to moderate symptoms. These groups provided mental support to their members and became resources for information on COVID-19 tests and medicines or supplements. However, the membership was voluntary, and often the members leave without notification. It is hard to be precise from the free voluntary reports. The number of women in the group (6995/9227, 75.38% as of October 12, 2020) was about three times more than men (2272/9227, 24.62% as of October 12, 2020), and the peak age of members was between 20-40 years in both men and women. Patients who were asymptomatic other than the senses comprised 14.93% (53/355) of the total patients. Recovery of the senses was higher in the patients who were asymptomatic besides having anosmia and ageusia. Most (112/123, 91.06%) patients experienced other symptoms first and then lost their senses, on average, 4.2 days later. Patients without other symptoms tended to recover earlier (P=.02). Patients with anosmia and ageusia occasionally reported distorted smell and taste (parosmia and dysgeusia) as well as experiencing or perceiving the smell and taste without the sources of the smell or taste (phantosmia and phantogeusia). ConclusionsOur analysis of the social media database of suspected COVID-19 patients’ voices demonstrated that, although accurate diagnosis of patients is not always obtained with social media–based analyses, it may be a useful tool to collect a large amount of data on symptoms and the clinical course of worldwide rapidly growing infectious diseases.

Published
2021
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3. Contributors

Author

Askari, Vahid Reza, primary, Aso, Ester, additional, Baradaran Rahimi, Vafa, additional, Baraibar, Andrés M., additional, Barnes, Robert, additional, Battini, Renata, additional, Bernal-Chico, Ana, additional, Bertoglio, Leandro José, additional, Best, Laura M., additional, Binda, Karina Henrique, additional, Boccella, Serena, additional, Boileau, Isabelle, additional, Bolkent, Sema, additional, Castro-Piedras, Isabel, additional, Chacur, Marucia, additional, Ciruela, Francisco, additional, Colomer, Teresa, additional, Corrêa, Moisés Dos Santos, additional, Correia-Sá, Inês, additional, Criscuolo, E., additional, Crombie, Kevin M., additional, Crosby, Karen M., additional, Cysneiros, Roberta Monterazzo, additional, da Silva, Ana P. dos Santos C. L, additional, da Silva, Bruna Vougado, additional, da Silva Lopes, Luciano, additional, da Silva Oliveira, George Laylson, additional, De Sciscio, M.L., additional, del Torrent, Claudia Llinás, additional, Diester, Clare M., additional, Dvorakova, Michaela, additional, Evans, José Fuentealba, additional, Faúndez Parraguez, Manuel, additional, Fezza, F., additional, Fornari, Raquel Vecchio, additional, Franco, Rafael, additional, Fu, Rao, additional, Fusco, Antimo, additional, Ganguly, Dipyaman, additional, Gazarini, Lucas, additional, Ghazali, Reem, additional, Glass, Michelle, additional, Gordon, Rita, additional, Gu, Xinyu, additional, Guindon, Josée, additional, Gyamfi, Daniel, additional, Heinbockel, Thomas, additional, Hellman, Judith, additional, Infantino, Rosmara, additional, Kabir, Morvarid, additional, Kandasamy, Ram, additional, Kassiou, Michael, additional, Kalinovsky, Anna, additional, Kitchigina, Valentina, additional, Koyama, Sachiko, additional, Leo, Eliana, additional, Liang, Jian, additional, Lillo, Jaume, additional, Lin, Yu-Fung, additional, Lloyd, Elliot, additional, Lu, Dai, additional, Maccarrone, M., additional, Mahabadi, Hajar Miranzadeh, additional, Maione, Sabatino, additional, Maldonado-Vlaar, Carmen S., additional, Manucha, Walter, additional, Maretti, Eleonora, additional, Martín Giménez, Virna M., additional, Martínez-Aguirre, Christopher, additional, Mato, Susana, additional, Matute, Carlos, additional, Mayo, Leah M., additional, McCormick, Cheryl M., additional, McHann, Melissa, additional, Mikheeva, Irina, additional, Molinari, Susanna, additional, Moreno-Garcia, Álvaro, additional, Navarro, Gemma, additional, Negus, S. Stevens, additional, Ney, Luke J., additional, Nguyen, Nina, additional, Niemela, Greta, additional, Norzé, Wickensonn, additional, Nuñez-Lumbreras, María de los Ángeles, additional, Palazzo, Enza, additional, Pan, Ying-Xian, additional, Patel, Vinood B., additional, Pecic, Stevan, additional, Perez-Valenzuela, Enzo, additional, Perrone, Michela, additional, Poluga, Claudia, additional, Poole, Emily I., additional, Preedy, Victor R., additional, Raïch, Iu, additional, Rajendram, Rajkumar, additional, Raymundi, Ana Maria, additional, Real, Caroline C, additional, Reekie, Tristan A., additional, Reyes-Resina, Irene, additional, Ribeiro, Fernanda Teixeira, additional, Rivas-Santisteban, Rafael, additional, Rocha, Luisa, additional, Sánchez, Ester, additional, Simone, Jonathan J., additional, Stern, Cristina Aparecida Jark, additional, Taghibiglou, Changiz, additional, Tam, Kelsey, additional, Tanaka, Mikiei, additional, Terry, Garth E., additional, Utrilla, Carmen L., additional, Varlow, Cassis, additional, Vasdev, Neil, additional, Wierenga, Corette J., additional, Woodward, John J., additional, Yazici, Zeynep Mine Coskun, additional, Ye, Jiang-Hong, additional, Zhang, Yumin, additional, and Zuo, Wanhong, additional

Published
2023
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6. Novel method for classification of prion diseases by detecting PrPressignal patterns from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples

Author

Koyama, Sachiko, Yagita, Kaoru, Hamasaki, Hideomi, Noguchi, Hideko, Shijo, Masahiro, Matsuzono, Kosuke, Takase, Kei-Ichiro, Kai, Keita, Aishima, Shin-Ichi, Itoh, Kyoko, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Sasagasako, Naokazu, and Honda, Hiroyuki

Abstract

ABSTRACTPrion disease is an infectious and fatal neurodegenerative disease. Western blotting (WB)-based identification of proteinase K (PK)-resistant prion protein (PrPres) is considered a definitive diagnosis of prion diseases. In this study, we aimed to detect PrPresusing formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens from cases of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (sCJD), Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker disease (GSS), glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchorless prion disease (GPIALP), and V180I CJD. FFPE samples were prepared after formic acid treatment to inactivate infectivity. After deparaffinization, PK digestion was performed, and the protein was extracted. In sCJD, a pronounced PrPressignal was observed, with antibodies specific for type 1 and type 2 PrPresexhibited a strong or weak signals depending on the case. Histological examination of serial sections revealed that the histological changes were compatible with the biochemical characteristics. In GSS and GPIALP, prion protein core-specific antibodies presented as PrPresbands at 8–9 kDa and smear bands, respectively. However, an antibody specific for the C-terminus presented as smears in GSS, with no PrPresdetected in GPIALP. It was difficult to detect PrPresin V180I CJD. Collectively, our findings demonstrate the possibility of detecting PrPresin FFPE and classifying the prion disease types. This approach facilitates histopathological and biochemical evaluation in the same sample and is safe owing to the inactivation of infectivity. Therefore, it may be valuable for the diagnosis and research of prion diseases.

Published
2024
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7. Possible Combinatorial Utilization of Phytochemicals and Extracellular Vesicles for Wound Healing and Regeneration.

Author

Koyama, Sachiko, Weber, Erin L., and Heinbockel, Thomas

Subjects
*WOUND healing, *EXTRACELLULAR vesicles, *PROTEIN expression, *RESEARCH personnel, *CELLULAR signal transduction
Abstract

Organ and tissue damage can result from injury and disease. How to facilitate regeneration from damage has been a topic for centuries, and still, we are trying to find agents to use for treatments. Two groups of biological substances are known to facilitate wound healing. Phytochemicals with bioactive properties form one group. Many phytochemicals have anti-inflammatory effects and enhance wound healing. Recent studies have described their effects at the gene and protein expression levels, highlighting the receptors and signaling pathways involved. The extremely large number of phytochemicals and the multiple types of receptors they activate suggest a broad range of applicability for their clinical use. The hydrophobic nature of many phytochemicals and the difficulty with chemical stabilization have been a problem. Recent developments in biotechnology and nanotechnology methods are enabling researchers to overcome these problems. The other group of biological substances is extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are now known to have important biological functions, including the improvement of wound healing. The proteins and nanoparticles contained in mammalian EVs as well as the specificity of the targets of microRNAs included in the EVs are becoming clear. Plant-derived EVs have been found to contain phytochemicals. The overlap in the wound-healing capabilities of both phytochemicals and EVs and the differences in their nature suggest the possibility of a combinatorial use of the two groups, which may enhance their effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Association between hypothalamic Alzheimer's disease pathology and body mass index: The Hisayama study.

Author

Yagita, Kaoru, Honda, Hiroyuki, Ohara, Tomoyuki, Koyama, Sachiko, Noguchi, Hideko, Oda, Yoshinao, Yamasaki, Ryo, Isobe, Noriko, and Ninomiya, Toshiharu

Subjects
PATHOLOGICAL physiology, NEUROENDOCRINE system, ALZHEIMER'S patients, BODY mass index, ALZHEIMER'S disease, HYPOTHALAMUS
Abstract

The hypothalamus is the region of the brain that integrates the neuroendocrine system and whole‐body metabolism. Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been reported to exhibit pathological changes in the hypothalamus, such as neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and amyloid plaques (APs). However, few studies have investigated whether hypothalamic AD pathology is associated with clinical factors. We investigated the association between AD‐related pathological changes in the hypothalamus and clinical pictures using autopsied brain samples obtained from deceased residents of a Japanese community. A total of 85 autopsied brain samples were semi‐quantitatively analyzed for AD pathology, including NFTs and APs. Our histopathological studies showed that several hypothalamic nuclei, such as the tuberomammillary nucleus (TBM) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), are vulnerable to AD pathologies. NFTs are observed in various neuropathological states, including normal cognitive cases, whereas APs are predominantly observed in AD. Regarding the association between hypothalamic AD pathologies and clinical factors, the degree of APs in the TBM and LHA was associated with a lower body mass index while alive, after adjusting for sex and age at death. However, we found no significant association between hypothalamic AD pathology and the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia. Our study showed that a lower BMI, which is a poor prognostic factor of AD, might be associated with hypothalamic AP pathology and highlighted new insights regarding the disruption of the brain–whole body axis in AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Novel method for classification of prion diseases by detecting PrP res signal patterns from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples

Author

Koyama, Sachiko, primary, Yagita, Kaoru, additional, Hamasaki, Hideomi, additional, Noguchi, Hideko, additional, Shijo, Masahiro, additional, Matsuzono, Kosuke, additional, Takase, Kei-Ichiro, additional, Kai, Keita, additional, Aishima, Shin-Ichi, additional, Itoh, Kyoko, additional, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, additional, Sasagasako, Naokazu, additional, and Honda, Hiroyuki, additional

Published
2024
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11. Possible roles of phytochemicals with bioactive properties in the prevention of and recovery from COVID-19

Author

Koyama, Sachiko, primary, Shields, Vonnie D.C., additional, Heinbockel, Thomas, additional, Joseph, Paule V., additional, Adhikari, Poonam, additional, Kaur, Rishemjit, additional, Kumar, Ritesh, additional, Alizadeh, Rafieh, additional, Bhutani, Surabhi, additional, Calcinoni, Orietta, additional, Mucignat-Caretta, Carla, additional, Chen, Jingguo, additional, Cooper, Keiland W., additional, Das, Subha R., additional, Domínguez, Paloma Rohlfs, additional, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, additional, Klyuchnikova, Maria A., additional, Laktionova, Tatiana K., additional, Mori, Eri, additional, Namjoo, Zeinab, additional, Nguyen, Ha, additional, Özdener, Mehmet Hakan, additional, Parsa, Shima, additional, Poyraz, Elif Özdener, additional, Strub, Daniel Jan, additional, Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farzad, additional, Ueha, Rumi, additional, and Voznessenskaya, Vera V., additional

Published
2024
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12. Risk Factors for Thrombocytopenia Induced by Capecitabine Plus Oxaliplatin Therapy in Patients With Colorectal Cancer

Author

KATO, NANAMI, primary, NAKAI, TSUYOSHI, additional, KODAMA, SACHIYO, additional, KOYAMA, SACHIKO, additional, NAKANE, SHIGEKI, additional, WADA, YASUHIRO, additional, ODA, HIROSHI, additional, KATAYAMA, HIROMI, additional, MASE, HIROKI, additional, MIYAGAWA, YASUHIRO, additional, MIYAZAKI, MASAYUKI, additional, YAMADA, SHIGEKI, additional, and YAMADA, KIYOFUMI, additional

Published
2024
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22. Increased expression of human antiviral protein MxA in FUS proteinopathy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Author

Honda, Hiroyuki, Yagita, Kaoru, Arahata, Hajime, Hamasaki, Hideomi, Noguchi, Hideko, Koyama, Sachiko, and Sasagasako, Naokazu

Subjects
AMYOTROPHIC lateral sclerosis, GENE expression, AUTOPSY, GENETIC mutation, PROTEINS
Abstract

FUS mutations are one of the major mutations in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The pathological hallmark is FUS‐positive neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (FUS‐NCI), known as FUS proteinopathy. Human myxovirus resistance protein 1 (MxA) is an IFN‐induced dynamin‐like GTPase that acts as antiviral factor. In this study, we examined the expression of MxA in neurons bearing FUS‐NCI. We performed immunohistochemistry for FUS and MxA to examine the expression of MxA in two autopsy cases with different FUS gene mutations localized at the nuclear localization signal site (Case 1, H517P; Case 2, R521C). MxA. Most neurons bearing FUS‐NCI have increased cytoplasmic MxA expression. Increased cytoplasmic MxA showed several distribution patterns in relation to FUS‐NCIs such as the following: colocalization with NCI, distribution more widely than NCI, and different distribution peaks from NCI. Our results suggested that antiviral signaling IFNs are involved upstream in the formation of FUS‐NCI in ALS‐FUS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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23. Ribosomal protein SA is a common component of neuronal intranuclear inclusions in polyglutamine diseases and Marinesco bodies.

Author

Yagita, Kaoru, Sadashima, Shoko, Koyama, Sachiko, Noguchi, Hideko, Hamasaki, Hideomi, Sasagasako, Naokazu, and Honda, Hiroyuki

Abstract

Neuronal intranuclear inclusions (NIIs) are common key structures in polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases such as Huntington disease (HD), spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), and SCA3. Marinesco bodies (MBs) of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra are also intranuclear structures and are frequently seen in normal elderly people. Ribosomal dysfunction is closely related to two differential processes; therefore, we aimed to identify the pathological characteristics of ribosomal protein SA (RPSA), a ribosomal protein, in both states. To this end, we evaluated the autopsy findings in four patients with HD, two SCA3, and five normal elderly cases (NCs). Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that both NIIs and MBs contain RPSA. In polyQ diseases, RPSA was co‐localized with polyQ aggregations, and 3D‐reconstructed images revealed their mosaic‐like distribution. Assessments of the organization of RPSA and p62 in NIIs showed that RPSA was more localized toward the center than p62 and that this unique organization was more evident in the MBs. Immunoblotting of the temporal cortices revealed that the nuclear fraction of HD patients contained more RPSA than that of NCs. In conclusion, our study revealed that RPSA is a common component of both NIIs and MBs, indicating that a similar mechanism contributes to the formation of polyQ NIIs and MBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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25. miR-34a regulates macrophage-associated inflammation and angiogenesis in alcohol-induced liver injury

Author

Wan, Ying, primary, Slevin, Elise, additional, Koyama, Sachiko, additional, Huang, Chiung-Kuei, additional, Shetty, Ashok K, additional, Li, Xuedong, additional, Harrison, Kelly, additional, Li, Tian, additional, Zhou, Bingru, additional, Lorenzo, Sugeily Ramos, additional, Zhang, Yudian, additional, Salinas, Jennifer Mata, additional, Xu, Wenjuan, additional, Klaunig, James E., additional, Wu, Chaodong, additional, Tsukamoto, Hidekazu, additional, and Meng, Fanyin, additional

Published
2023
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30. Giving a voice to adults with COVID-19: An analysis of open-ended comments from COVID-19 smell long-haulers and non-long-haulers

Author

Croijmans, Ilja, Cooper, Keiland, Koyama, Sachiko, Mucignat, Carla, Farruggia, Michael, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie, and Menger, Nick

Subjects
Medicine and Health Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Abstract

Chemosensory dysfunction is one of the distinguishing symptoms of COVID-19 (1, 2). While many infected patients recover within weeks, a large percentage develops long-term olfactory dysfunction even after recovery from the acute phase (3, 4), now known as smell long-haulers. Qualitative smell changes, such as parosmia (i.e., distorted smell perception), and phantosmia (i.e., smelling things that are not present), are often reported in smell long-haulers, and in people who report recovered or improved qualitative smell changes (i.e., anosmia and hyposmia) (5, 6). While these smell distortions are not uncommon, most people are unaware of the technical terminology for such disruptions, hence it is difficult to capture a person’s specific olfactory experiences in general close-ended survey questions as smell disturbances are common (6, 7, 8). Moreover, how this distorted smell perception relates to well-being, or person-specific practices, for example, specific food avoidance or intake behavior following changes in the perception of those foods, is unclear. Extensive literature documents the detrimental effect of chemosensory dysfunction on emotional well-being (9, 10), but this is not fully understood with respect to olfaction in long-haulers. Patients have reported altered mental health as well as frustrations with COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction (11). Furthermore, chemosensory dysfunctions, if severe enough, can alter dietary patterns leading to weight gain or weight loss (12, p. 2). Identification of specific food-related experiences related to chemosensory dysfunctions, such as parosmia and phantosmia in smell long-haulers might give us clues that help predict potential alterations in dietary patterns in that population. In this project, we plan to analyze open-ended questions in GCCR surveys to understand: I. the frequency of parosmia and phantosmia as reported in open-ended comments, II. the emotional well-being of people suffering from these symptoms, and III. specific food-related experiences related to these symptoms. Open-ended questions allow patients to voice concerns not covered by other questions, and are a closer reflection of how patients would report these symptoms to their general practitioner or health-care worker (13). Identifying these comments and their content will contribute towards understanding how long-hauling might affect emotional well-being, frequency and severity of the symptoms, and related food experiences, in a more behaviorally valid way compared to close-ended survey questions. 1) Parma V., Ohla K., Veldhuizen M.G., Niv M.Y., Kelly C.E., Bakke A.J., et al. More than just smell-COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis. Chemical Senses. 2020 Oct 9;45(7):609-622. 2) Gerkin R., Ohla K, Veldhuizen MG. et al. Recent smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 among individuals with recent respiratory symptoms. Chemical Senses. 2021 Jan 1;46:1-12. bjaa081 3) Boscolo-Rizzo P., Menegaldo A., Fabbris C.,Spinato G., et al. High prevalence of long-term psychophysical olfactory dysfunction in patients with COVID-19. medRXiv 2021.doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.07.21249406 4) Petrocelli M et al. Six-month smell and taste recovery rates in coronavirus disease 2019 patients: a prospective psychophysical study. J Laryngol Otol 2021; 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S002221512100116X 5) Ohla et al., Increasing incidence of parosmia and phantosmia in patients recovering from COVID-19 smell loss (pre-print) https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.28.21262763v1 6) Koyama, S., Ueha, R., & Kondo, K. (2021). Loss of Smell and Taste in Patients With Suspected COVID-19: Analyses of Patients’ Reports on Social Media. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 23(4), e26459. 7) Deems, D. A., Doty, R. L., Settle, R. G., Moore-Gillon, V., Shaman, P., Mester, A. F., ... & Snow, J. B. (1991). Smell and taste disorders, a study of 750 patients from the University of Pennsylvania Smell and Taste Center. Archives of otolaryngology–head & neck surgery, 117(5), 519-528. 8) Bromley, S. M. (2000). Smell and taste disorders: a primary care approach. American family physician, 61(2), 427-436. 9) Boesveldt, S., & Parma, V. (2021). The importance of the olfactory system in human well-being, through nutrition and social behavior. Cell and Tissue Research, 1-9. 10) Croy, I., Nordin, S., & Hummel, T. (2014). Olfactory disorders and quality of life—an updated review. Chemical senses, 39(3), 185-194. 11) Parker, J. K., Kelly C. E., Smith B., Hopkins C., Gane S. B. (2020). An analysis of patients’ perspectives on qualitative olfactory dysfunction using social media. medRxiv 2020.12.30.20249029; doi:https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.30.20249029 12) Duffy, V.B. (2020). Causes of smell, taste and oral somatosensory disorders affecting eating and drinking. In: H.L. Meiselman (Ed.). Handbook of eating and drinking. Rockport: Springer, Cham. 13) Bird, J. B., Olvet, D. M., Willey, J. M., & Brenner, J. (2019). Patients don’t come with multiple choice options: essay-based assessment in UME. Medical education online, 24(1), 1649959.

Published
2022
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31. Liver‐specific deletion of microRNA ‐34a alleviates ductular reaction and liver fibrosis during experimental cholestasis

Author

Wan, Ying, primary, Zhou, Tianhao, additional, Slevin, Elise, additional, Koyama, Sachiko, additional, Li, Xuedong, additional, Harrison, Kelly, additional, Li, Tian, additional, Zhou, Bingru, additional, Lorenzo, Sugeily Ramos, additional, Zhang, Yudian, additional, Xu, Wenjuan, additional, Klaunig, James E., additional, Wu, Chaodong, additional, Shetty, Ashok K., additional, Huang, Chiung‐Kuei, additional, and Meng, Fanyin, additional

Published
2022
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32. Current Perspectives of Neuroendocrine Regulation in Liver Fibrosis

Author

Li, Bowen, primary, Wang, Hui, additional, Zhang, Yudian, additional, Liu, Ying, additional, Zhou, Tiejun, additional, Zhou, Bingru, additional, Zhang, Ying, additional, Chen, Rong, additional, Xing, Juan, additional, He, Longfei, additional, Salinas, Jennifer Mata, additional, Koyama, Sachiko, additional, Meng, Fanyin, additional, and Wan, Ying, additional

Published
2022
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33. Silence of resident microglia in GPI anchorless prion disease and activation of microglia in Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease and sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Author

Noguchi, Hideko, primary, Koyama, Sachiko, additional, Yagita, Kaoru, additional, Shijo, Masahiro, additional, Matsuzono, Kosuke, additional, Hamasaki, Hideomi, additional, Kanemaru, Takaaki, additional, Okamoto, Tsuyoshi, additional, Kai, Keita, additional, Aishima, Shinichi, additional, Abe, Koji, additional, Sasagasako, Naokazu, additional, and Honda, Hiroyuki, additional

Published
2022
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36. GCCR003: Follow-up study on the relation between COVID-19 and long-term chemosensory loss

Author

Reed, Danielle, Parma, Valentina, Veldhuizen, Maria, Ohla, Kathrin, Bakke, Allysa, Exten, Cara, Hayes, John, Ozdener, Mehmet, Koyama, Sachiko, Fjaeldstad, Alexander, Chen, Jing-guo, de Groot, Jasper, cantone, elena, Farruggia, Michael, Philpott, Carl, Soler, Graciela, Calcinoni, Orietta, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Boesveldt, Sanne, Alwashahi, Mohammed, Overdevest, Jonathan, Zobairy, Hosna, Pierron, Denis, Olofsson, Jonas, and Alizadeh, Rafieh

Subjects
Smell, Recovery, Taste, Medicine and Health Sciences, COVID-19, Olfaction
Abstract

Preparing for the pre-registration and ensuing analysis

Published
2022
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37. GCCR0005 - Recovery of smell after COVID-19 or other respiratory illness

Author

Reed, Danielle, Parma, Valentina, Hayes, John, Weir, Elisabeth, Veldhuizen, Maria, Ohla, Kathrin, Joseph, Paule, Pepino, M., Farruggia, Michael, Heinbockel, Thomas, Bhutani, Surabhi, Cooper, Keiland, Voznessenskaya, Vera, Shields, Vonnie, Boesveldt, Sanne, Koyama, Sachiko, Croijmans, Ilja, Mucignat, Carla, Postma, Elbrich, Kopishinskaia, Svetlana, Chung, Seo-Jin, Laktionova, Tatiana, and de Groot, Jasper

Subjects
Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19, parosmia, long-haulers, GCCR, Life Sciences, COVID-19, Social and Behavioral Sciences, taste, chemosensory, recovery, Global Consortium for Chemosensory Research, Medicine and Health Sciences, smell, chemesthesis, sense organs, anosmia, olfaction
Abstract

Adult participants rate their sense of taste and smell at home using common items each week to track changes especially after recovery from COVID-19 or other insults, e.g., or other viral infections.

Published
2022
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38. Chronological Changes in the Expression Pattern of Hippocampal Prion Proteins During Disease Progression in Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease MM1 Subtype

Author

Yagita, Kaoru, primary, Noguchi, Hideko, additional, Koyama, Sachiko, additional, Hamasaki, Hideomi, additional, Komori, Takashi, additional, Aishima, Shinichi, additional, Kosaka, Takayuki, additional, Ueda, Mitsuharu, additional, Komohara, Yoshihiro, additional, Watanabe, Akihiro, additional, Sasagasako, Naokazu, additional, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, additional, Oda, Yoshinao, additional, and Honda, Hiroyuki, additional

Published
2022
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45. Mere end lugtesans - COVID-19 er associeret med svær påvirkning af lugtesansen, smagssansen og mundfølelsen

Author

Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D’Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Dalton, Pamela, Yan, Carol H, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Chen, Jingguo, Sell, Elizabeth A, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Archer, Nicholas S, Koyama, Sachiko, Deary, Vincent, Roberts, S Craig, Yanık, Hüseyin, Albayrak, Samet, Nováková, Lenka Martinec, Croijmans, Ilja, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Moein, Shima T, Margulis, Eitan, Mignot, Coralie, Mariño, Sajidxa, Georgiev, Dejan, Kaushik, Pavan K, Malnic, Bettina, Wang, Hong, Seyed-Allaei, Shima, Yoluk, Nur, Razzaghi-Asl, Sara, Justice, Jeb M, Restrepo, Diego, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, Indústries Alimentàries, Qualitat i Tecnologia Alimentària, Tecnologia Alimentària, Temple University [Philadelphia], Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Mersin University, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), AbScent, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Edinburgh, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR), Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro = University of Catanzaro (UMG), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Groupement scientifique de Biologie et de Medecine Spatiale (GSBMS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Tata Institute for Fundamental Research (TIFR), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), San Diego State University (SDSU), Aarhus University [Aarhus], University of Hertfordshire [Hatfield] (UH), Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Neurosciences Sensorielles Comportement Cognition, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, University of Turku, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Monell Chemical Senses Center, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Medical Science University, Sidra Medicine [Doha, Qatar], Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), DreamAir Llc, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Oregon State University (OSU), Ear Institute, UCL, Lyon Neuroscience Research center, Karunya University, Biruni University, Assi Sette Llaghi Varese, Stanford School of Medicine [Stanford], Stanford Medicine, Stanford University-Stanford University, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA), Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Maastricht University [Maastricht], Institute for Biology - Neurobiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Howard University College of Medicine, Towson University, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), Proteomics, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Stockholm University, University of Gastronomic Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, University of Tennessee, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Guangzhou Medical University, Buenos Aires University and GEOG (Grupo de Estudio de Olfato y Gusto), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), Federal University of Technology of Akure (FUTA), A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, University of Pennsylvania, University of Dayton, CSIRO Agriculture and Food (CSIRO), Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], University of Stirling, Middle East Technical University [Ankara] (METU), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano [Buenos Aires, Argentina], Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences [Tehran] (IPM), Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Terrazas del Club Hipico, University Medical Centre Ljubljana [Ljubljana, Slovenia] (UMCL), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research [Bangalore], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), University of Colorado Anschutz [Aurora], Center for Smell and Taste, Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University., Julien, Sabine, Tıp Fakültesi, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Department of Food and Nutrition, Senses and Food, Research Center Jülich, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro [Catanzaro, Italie] (UMG), University of Extremadura, University of Padova, Yale University School of Medicine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, University of Helsinki, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], University of California San Diego Health, University of Brussels, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, University of São Paulo (USP), UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, FSE Campus Venlo, and RS: FSE UCV

Subjects
Male, Taste, Physiology, Smagstab, Audiology, AcademicSubjects/SCI01180, Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia, Behavioral Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, Olfaction Disorders, Taste Disorders, 0302 clinical medicine, RATINGS, Hyposmia, Surveys and Questionnaires, CHEMOSENSITIVITY, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Viral, PALADAR, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Sensory Science and Eating Behaviour, media_common, TASTE, US NATIONAL-HEALTH, [SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Middle Aged, Biological Sciences, 16. Peace & justice, Sensory Systems, 3. Good health, Smell, GCCR Group Author, ddc:540, Smell loss, Female, Original Article, medicine.symptom, Corrigendum, Coronavirus Infections, olfaction, Adult, somatosensation, medicine.medical_specialty, 663/664, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), OLFACTORY DISORDERS, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), media_common.quotation_subject, Pneumonia, Viral, head and neck surgery, Aged, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Humans, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Self Report, Somatosensory Disorders, Young Adult, Anosmia, Sensory system, Olfaction, 03 medical and health sciences, Chemesthesis, Physiology (medical), Perception, medicine, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Behaviour Change and Well-being, business.industry, R-PACKAGE, 3112 Neurosciences, Pneumonia, Parosmia, COMPONENT, Smagssans, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Sensoriek en eetgedrag, chemistry, Lugtetab, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Lugtesans
Abstract

Correction: Chemical Senses, Volume 46, 2021, bjab050, https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjab050 Published: 08 December 2021 Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change +/- 100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 +/- 28.7, mean +/- standard deviation), taste (-69.0 +/- 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 +/- 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis.The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.

Published
2020
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46. A follow-up on quantitative and qualitative olfactory dysfunction and other symptoms in patients recovering from COVID-19 smell loss

Author

Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Green, Tomer, Hannum, Mackenzie E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Moein, Shima T., Tognetti, Arnaud, Postma, Elbrich M., Pellegrino, Robert, Hwang, Daniel Liang Dar, Albayay, Javier, Koyama, Sachiko, Nolden, Alissa A., Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Mucignat-Caretta, Carla, Menger, Nick S., Croijmans, Ilja, Öztürk, Lina, Yanık, Hüseyin, Pierron, Denis, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Martinez Pineda, Aldair M., Gillespie, David, Farruggia, Michael C., Cecchetto, Cinzia, Fornazieri, Marco A., Philpott, Carl, Voznessenskaya, Vera, Cooper, Keiland W., Dominguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Calcinoni, Orietta, de Groot, Jasper, Boesveldt, Sanne, Bhutani, Surabhi, Weir, Elisabeth M., Exten, Cara, Joseph, Paule V., Parma, Valentina, Hayes, John E., Niv, Masha Y., Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Green, Tomer, Hannum, Mackenzie E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Moein, Shima T., Tognetti, Arnaud, Postma, Elbrich M., Pellegrino, Robert, Hwang, Daniel Liang Dar, Albayay, Javier, Koyama, Sachiko, Nolden, Alissa A., Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Mucignat-Caretta, Carla, Menger, Nick S., Croijmans, Ilja, Öztürk, Lina, Yanık, Hüseyin, Pierron, Denis, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Martinez Pineda, Aldair M., Gillespie, David, Farruggia, Michael C., Cecchetto, Cinzia, Fornazieri, Marco A., Philpott, Carl, Voznessenskaya, Vera, Cooper, Keiland W., Dominguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Calcinoni, Orietta, de Groot, Jasper, Boesveldt, Sanne, Bhutani, Surabhi, Weir, Elisabeth M., Exten, Cara, Joseph, Paule V., Parma, Valentina, Hayes, John E., and Niv, Masha Y.

Abstract

Background: Sudden smell loss is a specific early symptom of COVID-19, which, prior to the emergence of Omicron, had estimated prevalence of ~40% to 75%. Chemosensory impairments affect physical and mental health, and dietary behavior. Thus, it is critical to understand the rate and time course of smell recovery. The aim of this cohort study was to characterize smell function and recovery up to 11 months post COVID-19 infection. Methods: This longitudinal survey of individuals suffering COVID-19-related smell loss assessed disease symptoms and gustatory and olfactory function. Participants (n=12,313) who completed an initial survey (S1) about respiratory symptoms, chemosensory function and COVID-19 diagnosis between April and September 2020, were invited to complete a follow-up survey (S2). Between September 2020 and February 2021, 27.5% participants responded (n=3,386), with 1,468 being diagnosed with COVID-19 and suffering co-occurring smell and taste loss at the beginning of their illness. Results: At follow-up (median time since COVID-19 onset ~200 days), ~60% of women and ~48% of men reported less than 80% of their pre-illness smell ability. Taste typically recovered faster than smell, and taste loss rarely persisted if smell recovered. Prevalence of parosmia and phantosmia was ~10% of participants in S1 and increased substantially in S2: ~47% for parosmia and ~25% for phantosmia. Persistent smell impairment was associated with more symptoms overall, suggesting it may be a key marker of long-COVID illness. The ability to smell during COVID-19 was rated slightly lower by those who did not eventually recover their pre-illness ability to smell at S2. Conclusions: While smell ability improves for many individuals who lost it during acute COVID-19, the prevalence of parosmia and phantosmia increases substantially over time. Olfactory dysfunction is associated with broader persistent symptoms of COVID-19, and may last for many months following acute COVID-19. Taste l

Published
2022

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