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Introduction: The efficacy of an intubation technique is crucial to the success of ventilation therapies. Intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA), Macintosh and McGrath techniques are yet to be evaluated thoroughly. Orotracheal intubations with ILMA, McGrath, and Macintosh laryngoscopes are compared based on haemodynamic changes, time taken for intubations, and success rate., Material and Methods: This is a prospective, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial. Primary outcome: identification of the most efficient intubation technique. Secondary outcomes: haemodynamic parameters, time taken for intubation and the rate of success of intubation. Patients enrolled: 90. Groups: 3. Each participant is randomly assigned to a group. Inclusion criteria: both sexes, age: 18-55 years, ASA: I or II, Mallampati < III, Mouth opening > 2 fingers, BMI < 40 kg m-2, any elective surgery, general anaesthesia requiring endotracheal intubation. The haemodynamic changes, time taken for intubations, and success rate during ILMA, Macintosh and McGrath intubations were recorded and statistically analysed., Results: Macintosh and ILMA raised the heart rate (min-1) more than McGrath at the second minute (95% CI: 76.50 ± 1.34 [McGrath] < 81.73 ± 1.46 [Macintosh] < 90.42 ± 1.24 [ILMA]). ILMA required the longest intubation time (s) (95% CI: 71.64 ± 2.14 [ILMA] > 40.26 ± 1.36 [McGrath] > 30.63 ± 1.53 [Macintosh]). Macintosh and McGrath intubations were all successful, whereas ILMA recorded two failures. However, the observed failures were statistically insignificant (95% CI: 93.33 ± 4.35%)., Conclusions: McGrath intubation is the most efficient technique based on its haemodynamics. ILMA required the longest intubation time and statistically, rates of success of the techniques are alike.

Pseudoaneurysm of the ascending aorta is rare in infants, with few cases reported in the literature. These aneurysms are usually mycotic, occurring after cardiac surgery, or caused by mediastinitis. They have high risk of spontaneous rupture. Surgery is usually complex because of the need for peripheral cannulation in small infants. We report an ascending aortic pseudoaneurysm in a less than 3-month-old infant that occurred within a month after repair of type 2 truncus arteriosus and was managed successfully with a modified cardiopulmonary bypass strategy., (Copyright © 2015 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Ascending aortic aneurysm is uncommon in the paediatric population, and because of the rarity the aetiology, natural progression, and prognosis of the disease remain unknown. A 7-year-old boy with ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (60×67 mm) underwent graft anastomosis from the sinotubular junction to the undersurface of the arch. Analytical determinations including karyotyping and genetic mapping were all normal. To our knowledge, idiopathic aneurysm of the ascending aorta in children is very rare.