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Introduction. Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for increased patient mortality. Gap Statement. Five and 30 day in-hospital all-cause mortality in patients with P. aeruginosa infections were assessed, followed by evaluations concerning potential correlations between the type III secretion system (TTSS) genotype and the production of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL). Methodology. This assessment comprised a retrospective cohort study including consecutive patients with carbapenem-resistant infections hospitalized in Brazil from January 2009 to June 2019. PCR analyses were performed to determine the presence of TTSS-encoding genes and MBL genes. Results. The 30-day and 5-day mortality rates for 262 patients were 36.6 and 17.9 %, respectively. The unadjusted survival probabilities for up to 5 days were 70.55 % for patients presenting exoU-positive isolates and 86 % for those presenting exo-negative isolates. The use of urinary catheters, as well as the presence of comorbidity conditions, secondary bacteremia related to the respiratory tract, were independently associated with death at 5 and 30 days. The exoS gene was detected in 64.8 % of the isolates, the presence of the exoT and exoY genes varied and exoU genes occurred in 19.3 % of the isolates. The exoU genotype was significantly more frequent among multiresistant strains. MBL genes were not detected in 92 % of the isolates. Conclusions. Inappropriate therapy is a crucial factor regarding the worse prognosis among patients with infections caused by multiresistant P. aeruginosa , especially those who died within 5 days of diagnosis, regardless of the genotype associated with TTSS virulence.

Objective: To establish a baseline of knowledge regarding about inappropriate therapy, virulence and resistance in a cohort of patients infected with S. aureus. Methods: Retrospective cohort study in tertiary-care university hospital was employed to evaluate the risk factors and the impact of inappropriate therapy among patients with Staphylococcus aureus infections, resistance and virulence. To assess the presence of the genes was performed PCR. Results: Patients with MRSA were older and hospitalized 17 days longer than those with MSSA infection, which were in ICU with a bloodstream infection. 50.0% received inadequate antibiotic therapy and we found virulence factors associated with MRSA (mecA, LukS, fnbB and clfA genes). Conclusion: These data show that surveillance studies related to Staphylococcus aureus infections remain essential to identify resistance and inform policy on resistance.

Introdução: A pneumonia associada í ventilação mecânica (PAV) é uma infecção pulmonar que se desenvolve em uma pessoa que está sob uso do ventilador. A incidência em hospitais brasileiros pode variar de 23,2% a 50% nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Objetivo: Reunir, sintetizar e integrar resultados de estudos primários que investigaram a importância da adoção de cuidados de enfermagem. Material e métodos: Utilizou-se a revisão integrativa e a pesquisa foi realizada em bases de dados eletrônicas na área da saúde. Os descritores utilizados foram: "Pneumonia associada í ventilação mecânica", "Higiene oral" e "Enfermagem". Foram incluí­dos 8 estudos na amostra. Resultados: Os profissionais de enfermagem reconhecem a importância das medidas de prevenção contra a PAV, apesar de não ter muita adesão. Esses cuidados apresentam impacto positivo quando são realizados. Dentre as principais está a higiene oral. Conclusão: A PAV tem uma elevada frequência nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva em diversos hospitais do paí­s. Para que essa ocorrência diminua é necessária í adoção de medidas preventivas que estejam incluí­das na rotina dos cuidados de enfermagem, dentre os procedimentos, a higiene oral é a que mais se destaca.Palavras-chave: pneumonia associada í ventilação mecânica, higiene bucal, Enfermagem.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life, through the “Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short - Form Health Survey” (SF-36) questionnaire, of a group of elderly involved in physical activities scheduled and the impact of physical activity time. Methods: We assessed 143 elderly engaged in physical activity programmed by Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. As a data collection tool, we used the SF-36 and a sociodemographic questionnaire, applied at the time of the interview. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis, for analysis between domains, and Mann-Whitney test, to verify the relationship between health status and physical activity level. Results: The average age was 70.5 years. The mean score for the SF-36 of the elderly people who participated in the research was 73.3. The best result was in the Social Aspects domain (81.7), followed by Mental Health (78.9). Approximately 76% had at least 150 minutes of physical activity per week, being classified as a more active population. Most (70.6%) of the elderly had a good perception of their general health. There was statistical difference in the General Health domain among groups that performed physical activity for a period of less than one year and those who have been engaging in regular physical activity for over 10 years. Conclusions: The Social Function and Mental Health domains had the highest scores, with significant documentation of a better general health in the group that have practiced consecutive physical activity for over ten years.