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Purpose: Patients movement and Organs mobility during Three Dimensional Conformational Radiotherapy (3D-CRT) may introduce errors especially during the treatment delivery, random and systematic errors are one of the most accurate errors. In this work we implanted a method to determinate the Clinical Target Volume (CTV) to Planning Target Volume (PTV) margins. The aim of this study is to reduce these errors probability by the evaluation of the optimal for CTV-PTV margin by studying the corrected values of deviations for HNC at the Mohammed VI cancer treatment centre treated between 2019 and 2021. Material and Method: The study consists on creating a DATA base containing spatial movement of study group of 100 patients following the treatment machine axis Vrt, Lng, and Lat directions during the first four fractions. This study is done by Monaco (Version 5.11.02, Elekta, Stockholm Sweden) treatment planning system V 5.11.02 (TPS) and Mosaiq V 2.0 involving iViewGT R3.4.0 and XVI R5.0.3 on board imaging systems by Elekta Infinity Treatment Machine (Elekta Ltd, Crawley, UK). The patients were choosing randomly during the study and archived in a DATA base to collect the random and systematic errors, the root of the sum of the squares for the doubled value of method uncertainty based on the Van Herk and AL equation of PTV to CTV determination, Stroom's model of Tumour Control Probability (TCP) and ICRU-50 formalism. Included: The random choice was made to detect maximum of errors possible and to optimize the value of main function for errors margins obtained through the study. Each patient was controlled by Kv images (iViewGT R3.4.0 and XVI R5.0.3 on board imaging systems) to determinate the gap between the dosimetry-CT acquisition and the treatment session. The DATA analysis was made calculating about 400 parameters to obtain the main Function and standard deviation for every patient. Results: CTV-PTV margin collected DATA was obtained by the correction values obtained by imaging system before treatment gave us a Mean (M) deviation function, the systematic errors (S) value and random errors (s) respectively: 4.04 mm, 0.40 mm and 6.35 mm. the result obtained by the application of this values in the Van Herk equation for CTV-PTV margin was 5.7 mm. Conclusion: The value calculated allowed us to have a validation of our quality treatment for three dimensional radiotherapy HNC and make sure that at Mohammed VI cancer treatment centre the norms and recommendations of radiotherapy treatments delivery are respected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymorphisms in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) gene are emerging as key determinants of gastric diseases. The TNF-α−308 (G/A) and TNF-α−238 (G/A) single-nucleotide polymorphisms SNPs are the most extensively studied. However, all these studies are conducted in Caucasian and Asian populations. Thus, for the first time in Africa, we sought to investigate whether polymorphisms in TNF-α gene were associated with the development of gastric pathology in Morocco. Two SNPs located in the promoter region (positions −308 and −238) in TNF-α gene were genotyped in 244 individuals (170 patients and 74 healthy controls). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using logistic regression analysis. The TNF-α−238 (G/A) genotype was significantly associated with a high risk of gastritis and gastric cancer (GC) (P=0.001 and P=0.002, resp.). Furthermore, a new polymorphism located in the promoter region at position −193 in TNF-α gene was identified. The distribution of this SNP was markedly different in patients suffering from ulcers. The association between TNF-α−193 (G/A) genotype and high risk of ulcer was significant (P=0.03). These results suggest that the TNF-α−193 (G/A) allele has a protective function against gastric cancer by developing ulcer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To report the experience of Ibn Rochd oncology center on management of solitary bone plasmacytoma. Describe the radiological findings in bone solitary plasmacytoma throughout plain radiographs, CT and MRI. Methods: Ten cases of solitary bone plasmacytoma were collected retrospectively in the Ibn Rushd-oncology center over a period of 8 years. Results: The mean age was 57 years old (range 48-68) and the mean consulting time about 8 months (range 4-24). The plasmacytoma was vertebral in six cases, in the pelvis in two, in a maxillary sinus in one, and in the cranial vault in one case. The most common primary clinical signs were pain and neurological disorders. The diagnosis was based on imaging data (plain radiographs, CT and MRI) and histological examination of bone biopsy. A research assessment for multiple myeloma was achieved in all cases and found normal. Radiotherapy graded 40 to 45 Gy was delivered in ten patients. Decompressive laminectomy was performed in four patients. After the end of treatment, there has been a regression of pain in eight patients and recovery of neurological disorders in half. Conclusion: Solitary bone plasmacytoma is a malignant tumor developed from plasmocyte cells. Its diagnosis is retained after a looking for a negative multiple myeloma. The basic treatment of solitary plasmacytoma bone is radiotherapy, which provides the best local control. Surgery is useful only in cases of nerve compression or bone instability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The phyllodes tumors of the breast are very rare tumors, especially in young women. As fibroadenomas, these tumors derived from connective tissue and have a benign outcome with a good prognosis. Case Report: We report the case of a girl aged 12 years who presented a mass in the left breast. Breast ultrasound was performed and was in favor of a juvenile fibroadenoma. A lumpectomy was performed showing a phyllode tumor with tumor of grade II, the patient then received radical surgery surgery with a good outcome at 1-year follow-up. Conclusion: Phyllodes tumors of the breast in children are very rare; the mainstay of treatment is surgical with a benign course and a good prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Ewing sarcomas are rare tumors (3% of malignant tumors in children). Standardized management and multidisciplinary approach is carried in our context for a long time. The purpose of this study was to describe clinical profiles and therapeutic outcomes. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive and analytical study conducted in the Oncology and Radiation Therapy Center of University Hospital of Casablanca from 2006 to 2010. Patients with histology and immuno-histo-chemistry confirming the diagnosis of Ewing's Sarcoma (ES) and whose file were assessable were included. Data were analyzed with SPSS 20. Univariate analysis focused on the socio-demographic and clinico-radiological. Survival was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and the log rank test (P ≤ 0.05). Results: 32 patients were included, mean age was18 years, sex ratio (M/F) 1.5. The tumor was mainly in bone (87.5%). The average tumor size was 10.6 cm. Two cases have been reported synchronous metastasis. The treatment combined respectively chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy in nine patients; chemotherapy and surgery were associated in seven patients, neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy combined radiotherapy were administrated in 12 patients; 4 patients received chemotherapy alone. The average follow-up was 44 months (median = 43.5 months), the average time recurrence was 22.9 months. Overall survival was 78% and disease-free survival was 56%. The overall survival was better (79.2 %) for chilhood group (age ≤ than 20 years) than adult group >20-year-old (75%). Conclusion: The management of Ewing's sarcoma is well conducted in our center. The outcomes that we obtained are encouraging to continue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Thromboembolic events are important causes of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Purpose of this study was to evaluate incidence and risk factors in cancer patients. Patients and Methods: We conduct a prospective study currently in our center. A cohort of 1635 patients was established from January 1, 2013 to June 30, 2013 and followed up to December 31, 2013 in Radiotherapy Center of University Hospital of Casablanca/Morocco. All patients with histologically confirmed cancer were included. Thrombosis events were notified during the treatment management and following up. Patients with thrombosis were managed in collaboration with the Department of Cardiology. Database was analyzed with SPSS version 20. Results: Media age was 54 years and sex ratio was 0.5. For BMI, hemoglobin, leukocyte and platelets, the medians values were respectively 22.80 kg/m2, 12 g/dl, 7175/ml and 3.3000/ml. Tumor localization were breast (27.8%), gynecology (16%), head and neck (11.4%), lung (10.4%), stomach (4.7%), pancreatic (1.5%), others digestive cancers (13.4%), urogenital tractus (6%), hematology (1.5%), testicle (0.4%). regarding Khorana risk level, 7.1% of patients were classified high risk and 91.1% intermediaries' risk. Incidence of deep venous thrombosis was 3.2% for overall cohort. Rate of VTE regarding risk level of Khorana model at 11 months was 1.2% with a low risk, 2.5% with intermediary risk and 14.5% with high risk. Previously, multivariate analysis will determine the risk factors associated with VTE include age >65 years, female sex, use of chemotherapy or surgery, primary site of cancer, staging, adjuvant treatment and presence of comorbidities. Conclusion: Systematic assesment of thromboembolic risk with Khorana score could contribute to alleviate the burden of morbidities and mortality in cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Malignant transformation of mature ovarian teratoma to epidermoid carcinoma is a very rare complication, representing 1-3% of cases. It is seen most often in women of pre-menopausal or post-menopausal period and which the risk increases with age. Observation: We report the case of a 51-year-old woman, in the pre-menopausal period, who presented with abdominal pain associated with a pelvic mass. Abdominal and pelvic ultrasound showed a right ovarian tumor. Hysterectomy without annexial conservation associated with omentectomy was performed, revealing a squamous cell carcinoma in a mature teratoma of the ovary, so the patient received chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin with a good evolution after a loss of 1 year. Conclusion: Treatment of malignant mature ovarian teratoma is the same as epithelial ovarian cancer. Prognosis depends on several factors, with a survival rate of 70% in stage I and 11% in the advanced stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Intraocular non-Hodgkin lymphoma (IONHL) runs a uniformly fatal course. Once the central nervous system is involved, survival without treatment is very limited. Although treatment does not substantially improve the long term survival, it provides short term improvement in these patients. Observation: We report a case of an intraocular non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a patient treated at the Oncology Center Ibn Rochd of Casablanca. It was about a patient of 31 years with no specific pathological history, who presented in April 2013 with clinical symptoms of redness in the right eye and decreased visual acuity. Ophthalmological tests showed a right blindness and ocular ultrasound an incomplete posterior detachment of the retina with a cataract. This assessment concludes to an anterior right sclero-uveitis. The patient received systemic corticosteroids. Given the persistence of symptoms and the appearance of sclerotic nodules, an etiologic looking for a systemic disease was found normal. Cranio-orbital scanner objectified diffuse infiltration of the intraocular soft tissues and biopsy of nodules confirmed the diagnosis of peripheric TNHL. The complementary staging found submandibular and jugular-carotid lymph nodes with laryngeal thickening. Before the diagnosis of IONHL, the patient received chemotherapy (2 cures of DHAP) and local radiotherapy (45 Gy) followed by enucleation of the right eye. The evolution was marked by the death of the patient due to brain metastases with a term of 15 months. Conclusion: IONHL presents as the form of several clinical features. Treatment was initially based on radiotherapy. Recently, combination with chemotherapy has improved survival and tolerance, especially after the introduction of intra-vitreal chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ovarian choriocarcinoma is a malignant germinal tumor, mainly affecting young women and characterized by the presence of malignant cells cytotrophoblastique and scyncitiotrophoblastique. They may be gestational (most common) or non-gestational (primitive). Destinction between the two types is difficult and requires the use of DNA analysis. We report a case of patient followed in our department for ovarian choriocarcinoma treated with surgery first followed by chemotherapy based on bleomycin, etoposide and platamine for 6 cycles. After a decline of 18 months the patient is in complete remission clinical, biological and radiological. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]