36 results on '"José A. López-Valenzuela"'
Search Results
2. Antioxidant and anti-Salmonella activities of eggplant peel compounds obtained by solvent-free calcium-based extraction
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Jesús J. Rochín-Medina, Jesús A. Sotelo-Castro, Nancy Y. Salazar-Salas, José A. López-Valenzuela, and Karina Ramírez
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agroindustrial waste ,natural extraction ,antimicrobial agent ,salmonella typhimurium ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 - Abstract
Fresh products demand natural preservatives without solvent traces. Calcium-based extraction of bioactive compounds from eggplant peels (EP), could be used as an alternative solvent-free natural antimicrobial food preservative agent. In this study, we extracted bioactive compounds from EP using different calcium salts (CaSO4, CaCO3, and CaCl2) and evaluated the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant activity, and bactericidal activity against Salmonella Typhimurium. The EP extracts obtained using 1% CaCO3 exhibited the highest total phenolic content and pronounced antioxidant activity. All EP extracts decreased Salmonella concentration after 10 and 12 h. In infected-lettuce leaves, the 1% CaCO3 EP extract inhibited bacterial growth at similar levels as a commercial disinfectant. The main compound identified in this EP extract was the chlorogenic acid. The extracts from EP obtained using calcium salts, represent a natural novel alternative preservative agent for the food industry, with antioxidant properties and potentially positive effects on human health.
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- 2019
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3. Antidiabetic Potential and Chronic Toxicity of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Echeveria subrigida Leaves
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Belinda Heredia-Mercado, Francisco Delgado-Vargas, Lorenzo Ulises Osuna-Martínez, Elvic Noguera-Corona, José Ángel López-Valenzuela, Rosalio Ramos-Payán, and Gabriela López-Angulo
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Pharmacology ,Drug Discovery - Published
- 2023
4. Phenolic profiles, antioxidant and antimutagenic activities of Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme accessions from Mexico
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Francisco Delgado-Vargas, Laura Yaneth Sicairos-Medina, Anayanci Guadalupe Luna-Mandujan, Gabriela López-Angulo, Nancy Yareli Salazar-Salas, Misael Odin Vega-García, José Basilio Heredia, and José Ángel López-Valenzuela
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Tomato ,polyphenols ,antioxidants ,antimutagens ,HPLC-MS ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Food processing and manufacture ,TP368-456 - Abstract
The fruit of 18 Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme accessions from Mexico were evaluated for total phenolics (TP) by the Folin-Ciocalteau assay, phenolic profiles by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS), antioxidant activity (AoxA) by 2,2´-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazolin)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenil-1-pycrilhydrazyl (DPPH), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and antimutagenic activity (AmuA) by the Ames assay. TP was measured as Gallic Acid Equivalents (GAE) and the AoxA as Trolox Equivalents (TE). TP varied from 37 to 86 mg GAE 100 g−1 fresh weight (fw). The AoxA by ABTS (568-1187 µmol TE 100 g−1 fw) and DPPH (157-350 µmol TE 100 g−1 fw) correlated with TP and the levels of caffeoylquinic acids and rutin. The AmuA did not correlate with the levels of phenolics. Some accessions had higher AoxA and AmuA than those reported for commercial cultivars and also showed high levels of caffeoylquinic acids and rutin; thus, their consumption could have good health promoting effects.
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- 2018
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5. Effect of the Combination Hot Water - Calcium Chloride on the In Vitro Growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and the Postharvest Quality of Infected Papaya
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Lidia Elena Ayón-Reyna, José Ángel López-Valenzuela, Francisco Delgado-Vargas, Martha Edith López-López, Francisco Javier Molina-Corral, Armando Carrillo-López, and Misael Odín Vega-García
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anthracnose ,calcium chloride ,Carica papaya ,hot water treatment ,postharvest quality ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Anthracnose of papaya fruit caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the most economically important postharvest diseases. Hot water immersion (HW) and calcium chloride (Ca) treatments have been used to control papaya postharvest diseases; however, the effect of the combination HW-Ca on the pathogen growth and the development of the disease in infected papaya fruit has been scarcely studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the HW-Ca treatment on the in vitro growth of C. gloesporioides conidia and the quality of infected papaya. In vitro, the HW-Ca treated conidia showed reduced mycelial growth and germination. In vivo, the HW-Ca treatment of infected papaya delayed for 5 days the onset of the anthracnose symptoms and improved the papaya postharvest quality. The combined treatment HW-Ca was better than any of the individual treatments to inhibit the in vitro development of C. gloeosporioides and to reduce the negative effects of papaya anthracnose.
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- 2017
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6. Chemical composition and biological activities of Helicteres vegae and Heliopsis sinaloensis
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Sandra Olivas-Quintero, Gabriela López-Angulo, Julio Montes-Avila, Sylvia Páz Díaz-Camacho, Rito Vega-Aviña, José Ángel López-Valenzuela, Nancy Yareli Salazar-Salas, and Francisco Delgado-Vargas
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phenolics ,antimicrobial ,antimutagenic ,antioxidant ,flavonoids ,liquid chromatography ,electrospray ionization ,mass spectrometry ,toxicity ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Context: Helicteres vegae Cristóbal (Sterculiaceae) (Hv) and Heliopsis sinaloensis B.L. Turner (Asteraceae) (Hs) are endangered and poorly studied plant species; related plants have been used against chronic-degenerative and infectious diseases. Therefore, Hv and Hs could be sources of bioactive compounds against these illnesses. Objective: To determine the chemical composition and biological activities (antioxidant, antimutagenic and antimicrobial) of Hv and Hs leaves (L) and stems (S). Materials and methods: Methanol extracts (ME) of each plant/tissue were evaluated for their phytochemicals; phenolics (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS); antioxidant activity (AA) (0.125–4 mg/mL) (DPPH, ABTS, ORAC and β-carotene discoloration); antimutagenicity (0.5 and 1 mg/plate) (Ames assay, tester strain Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium YG1024, 1-nitropyrene as mutagen); activity against human pathogens (1 mg/mL); and toxicity (0.01–2 mg/mL) (Artemia salina assay). Results: All ME showed flavonoids and triterpenes/steroids. The ME-SHv had the highest content of total phenolics (TP) (2245.82 ± 21.45 mg GAE/100 g d.w.) and condensed tannins (603.71 ± 1.115 mg CE/100 g d.w.). The compounds identified were flavonoids (kaempferol 7-O-coumaroylhexoside, and two kaempferol 7-O-rhamnosylhexosides) and phenolics [rosmarinic acid, and 3′-O-(8″-Z-caffeoyl) rosmarinic acid]. The ME-LHs showed the highest content of flavonoids (357.88 mg RE/g d.w.) and phenolic acids (238.58 mg CAE/g d.w.) by HPLC. The ME-SHv showed the highest AA. All ME were strong antimutagens (63.3-85.7%). Only the Hs extracts were toxic (ME-LHs, LC50 = 94.9 ± 1.7 μg/mL; ME-SHs, LC50 = 89.03 ± 4.42 μg/mL). Discussion and conclusions: Both Hv and Hs are potential sources of preventive and therapeutic agents against chronic-degenerative diseases.
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- 2017
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7. Chilling injury tolerance induced by quarantine hot water treatment in mango fruit is associated with an increase in the synthesis of gallotannins in the pulp
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Karen V. Pineda-Hidalgo, Elthon Vega-Alvarez, Adán Vega-Alvarez, Nancy Y. Salazar-Salas, Cynthia I. Juárez-Barraza, and José A. López-Valenzuela
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General Chemical Engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Food Science - Published
- 2023
8. Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antiparasitary Activities of Green Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Water-Soluble Melanins of Fruits
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Julio Montes-Avila, Gabriela López-Angulo, Gisela Duarte-de-la-Peña, Sylvia Páz Díaz-Camacho, Velia Carolina Osuna-Galindo, José Ángel López-Valenzuela, and Francisco Delgado-Vargas
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Biomedical Engineering ,Bioengineering - Published
- 2022
9. α-Glucosidase inhibitory phenolics from Echeveria subrigida (B. L. Rob & Seaton) leaves
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Julio Montes-Avila, Sylvia P. Díaz-Camacho, Gabriela López-Angulo, Francisco Delgado-Vargas, José A. López-Valenzuela, José Antonio Garzón-Tiznado, and Valentín Miranda-Soto
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Traditional medicine ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Plant Science ,Inhibitory postsynaptic potential ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,Human health ,Proanthocyanidin ,Echeveria ,α glucosidase inhibitory - Abstract
Echeveria subrigida is native to Mexico and its methanol extract (ME) shows relevant biological activities for human health, including the α-glucosidase inhibitory (αGI) activity that suggests its ...
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- 2020
10. Metabolic changes associated with chilling injury tolerance in tomato fruit with hot water pretreatment
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Francisco Delgado‐Vargas, Milton Vega‐Álvarez, Alexis Landeros Sánchez, Gabriela López‐Angulo, Nancy Y. Salazar‐Salas, María F. Quintero‐Soto, Karen V. Pineda‐Hidalgo, and José A. López‐Valenzuela
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Pharmacology ,Solanum lycopersicum ,Phenols ,Fruit ,Biophysics ,Cell Biology ,Antioxidants ,Food Science - Abstract
Hot water treatment (HWT) of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruit reduces the symptoms of chilling injury (CI). The aim of this study was to identify metabolites associated with HWT-induced CI tolerance in tomato fruit cv. Imperial. Mature green tomatoes with HWT (42°C/5 min) and control were stored under chilling conditions (5°C/20 days) and then ripened (21°C/7 days). Methanol extracts from pericarp were analyzed for total phenolics (TP), antioxidant activity (AoxA), and metabolic profiling by UPLC-DAD-MS and GC-MS. After cold storage and ripening, HWT fruit showed less CI, higher TP, and AoxA than control. It also showed an increased accumulation of phenolics, sugars, and some alkaloids that may be mediated by azelaic acid, glutamine, and tryptophan. The levels of N-feruloyl putrescine, esculeoside AII, and hydroxy-α-tomatine II were reduced. The better metabolic performance of HWT fruit under cold storage was associated with a higher accumulation of several metabolites (e.g., antioxidants and osmolytes) in ripening fruit. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The identification of metabolites associated with the reduction of chilling injury (CI) symptoms in HWT tomato fruit extends the understanding of the mechanisms involved in CI tolerance. This information provides targets that could be used to develop strategies for preventing CI (e.g., genetic improvement of tomato, direct application of key metabolites). The application of such strategies will increase the economic value and decrease postharvest losses.
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- 2022
11. ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase Is Located in the Plastid and Cytosol in the Pulp of Tropical Banana Fruit (Musa acuminata)
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Edith Agama-Acevedo, Luis A. Bello-Pérez, José Angel López Valenzuela, Elizabeth Solis-Badillo, and Axel Tiessen
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0301 basic medicine ,Starch ,Glucose-1-Phosphate Adenylyltransferase ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cytosol ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Musa acuminata ,Amyloplast ,Plastids ,Plastid ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,biology ,food and beverages ,Plant physiology ,Musa ,Ripening ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Carbohydrate ,biology.organism_classification ,040401 food science ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Fruit ,Food Science - Abstract
ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) is a key enzyme of starch synthesis in seeds, tubers and fruits. UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase) is an important enzyme of sucrose metabolism in the cytosol while alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a marker enzyme of the amyloplast that keeps the production of ADPG by removing PPi. Unripe banana accumulates starch in the pulp during development, while ripe fruits are characterized by the accumulation of soluble sugars. The aim of the study was to compare starch granule structure, carbohydrate levels, subcellular location and activities of three enzymes: AGPase, UGPase and ALP. Protein extracts from the cytosolic and amyloplastidial fractions were obtained from the pulp of banana fruit at three developmental stages (11, 16 and 21 weeks after flowering) and analyzed by electrophoresis and immunodetection. Protein profiles were similar during ripening, showing a main electrophoretic band at 50-55 kDa. Higher protein content was found in the cytosolic than in the amyloplastidial fraction. Starch granules and ALP activity were enriched in the amyloplast, whereas AGPase showed a subcellular distribution similar to UGPase. Immunoblot analysis also confirmed the presence of AGPase in both cytosol and amyloplast. AGPase activity was higher in the cytosol than in the amyloplast. Both AGPase activity and western blot band intensity were highest at 16 weeks. UGPase activity was highest at 21 weeks. We conclude that cytosolic production of ADP-glucose is not an exclusive feature of cereal endosperms due to plant breeding, but it also occurs in fruits of non-domesticated plants such as tropical banana (Musa acuminata). This work increases our understanding about pyrophosphorylase activities in the pulp of banana fruit.
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- 2019
12. Phylogenetic Analyses of the Complex of Endosymbionts in Bemisia tabaci1 in the Valley of Culiacan
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José A. López-Valenzuela, José Ramón Pacheco-Arjona, Karen V. Pineda-Hidalgo, José Antonio Garzón-Tiznado, Claudia León-Sicairos, Jesús Enrique Retes-Manjarrez, and Perla Judith Linares-Flores
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0106 biological sciences ,Integrated pest management ,Ecology ,biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,010607 zoology ,biology.organism_classification ,16S ribosomal RNA ,01 natural sciences ,Hemiptera ,010602 entomology ,23S ribosomal RNA ,Insect Science ,Botany ,Wolbachia ,PEST analysis ,Solanum ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a major pest of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) crop worldwide, mostly because of resistance to insecticide that has been associated with endosymbionts. Although knowledge of biotypes in the B. tabaci complex and its endosymbionts is critical for developing pest management strategies, limited information is available on the pest in the Culiacan Province of Mexico. In total, 249 samples of whiteflies were collected from tomato plants of four growers in the Culiacan Valley to analyze the genetic identity of the B. tabaci complex and its endosymbionts. PCR and phylogenetic analyses on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene (mtCO1) revealed MEAM1, MED, and indigenous genetic groups in 53, 19, and 28%, respectively, of B. tabaci on tomatoes. Individual whiteflies were examined for endosymbionts through specific primers and phylogenetic analyses on the 16S rRNA and the 23S rRNA genes. Incidence of Portiera, Hamiltonella, Rickettsia, Wolbachia, and Cardinium was 81, 46, 28, 9, and 13%, respectively, in the B. tabaci samples analyzed. A new bacterium-endosymbiont in the genus Orientia was found and described in 63% of the samples of B. tabaci. A mixture of the endosymbionts Rickettsia+UAS_511+Cardinium was observed in 10% of samples of B. tabaci MED, while in the MEAM1 biotype, a combination of Hamiltonella+UAS_511 was in 32% of the samples analyzed. The study highlights the diversity and distribution of B. tabaci and its endosymbionts throughout the Culiacan Province and provides evidence for control of the insect pest.
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- 2021
13. Presencia de Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum en Bactericera cockerelli Sulc asociada con enfermedades en tomate, chile y papa
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Claudia del Rosario León Sicairos, José Angel López Valenzuela, Claudia María Melgoza Villagómez, Sixto Velarde Félix, Luis Alberto Hernández Espinal, and José Antonio Garzón Tiznado
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Horticulture ,CLs upper limits ,Bactericera cockerelli ,biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,GenBank ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,16S ribosomal RNA ,Zebra chip ,Solanaceae ,Field conditions - Abstract
El “permanente del tomate”, “manchado del tubérculo” o “zebra chip” en papa y “brotes cloróticos” del chile, son tres enfermedades descritas en México con signos coincidentes de aborto de flor, oscurecimiento de tejido vascular en la base del tallo y raíz de las plantas. Se ha mencionado la asociación entre estas enfermedades y la bacteria emergente Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLs) así como al psílido Bactericera cockerelli como su vector. Estas enfermedades, que en inicio se localizaban en tres estados de México se han diseminado a las principales regiones productoras de solanáceas, tanto en condiciones de campo como en invernadero. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer la presencia de CLs asociado a enfermedades que afectan los cultivos de tomate, para y chile en México. La bacteria se identificó por PCR del gen 16S de ADNr, clonación y secuenciación. La alineación de secuencias nucleotídicas se realizó con el método Clustal W y el árbol filogenético se construyó con el algoritmo de Neighbor-Joining a partir de distancias calculadas con el método de Tajima-Nei y un índice de Felsenstein de 1 000 réplicas, utilizando el software MEGA versión 5.05. En total se analizaron 167 muestras, de las cuales 86 resultaron positivas, provenientes de 14 estados de México. Se obtuvieron cinco secuencias nucleotídicas de Guanajuato, San Luis Potosí y Sinaloa correspondientes al tomate, papa y chile, adultos y huevecillos de B. cockerelli. El análisis de las secuencias mostró una identidad de 99.4% al comparase entre estas y hasta 99.8% con accesiones del GenBank descritas para CLs en EUA, Nueva Zelanda y Canadá.
- Published
- 2018
14. Phenolic profiles and their contribution to the antioxidant activity of selected chickpea genotypes from Mexico and ICRISAT collections
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Karen V. Pineda-Hidalgo, Francisco Delgado-Vargas, Ana G. Saracho-Peña, María F. Quintero-Soto, José A. López-Valenzuela, José Antonio Garzón-Tiznado, and Jeanett Chavez-Ontiveros
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0301 basic medicine ,Genotype ,DPPH ,Antioxidants ,Catechin ,Mass Spectrometry ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Gallic Acid ,Hydroxybenzoates ,Gallic acid ,Food science ,Chromans ,Isorhamnetin ,Flavonoids ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,ABTS ,Chemistry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,040401 food science ,Cicer ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Seeds ,Quercetin ,Myricetin ,Trolox ,Chromatography, Liquid ,Food Science - Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes, nine kabuli from Mexico and 9 desi from other countries, were investigated for their phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity (AA). Phenolics in methanol extracts (ME) were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MS), whereas the AA was measured as Trolox equivalents (TE) by ABTS, DPPH and FRAP methods. Twenty phenolic compounds were identified in the ME and their levels showed a great variability among the chickpea genotypes. Phenolic acids and flavonoids were the most abundant compounds in kabuli and desi genotypes, respectively. The AA values (μmol TE/ 100 g dw) by ABTS (278-2417), DPPH (52-1650), and FRAP (41-1181) were mainly associated with the content of sinapic acid hexoside, gallic acid, myricetin, quercetin, catechin, and isorhamnetin, suggesting they are the main compounds responsible for the AA. The sum of the AA obtained for standards of these compounds evaluated at the concentration found in the extracts accounted for 34.3, 69.8, and 47.0% of the AA in the extract by ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP, respectively. In the AA by DPPH, most of the mixtures of these compounds resulted in synergistic interactions. Three desi genotypes with black seeds (ICC 4418, ICC 6306, and ICC 3761) showed the highest AA and flavonoids content, whereas the most promising kabuli genotypes were Surutato 77, Bco. Sin. 92, and Blanoro that showed the highest values of phenolic acids. These genotypes represent good sources of antioxidants for the improvement of nutraceutical properties in chickpea.
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- 2018
15. Phenolic profiles, antioxidant and antimutagenic activities ofSolanum lycopersicumvar.cerasiformeaccessions from Mexico
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Laura Yaneth Sicairos-Medina, Misael Odín Vega-García, Nancy Y. Salazar-Salas, Anayanci Guadalupe Luna-Mandujan, Francisco Delgado-Vargas, José A. López-Valenzuela, José Basilio Heredia, and Gabriela López-Angulo
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0106 biological sciences ,Antioxidant ,General Chemical Engineering ,medicine.medical_treatment ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Tomato ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,medicine ,polyphenols ,lcsh:TP368-456 ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,040401 food science ,HPLC-MS ,antimutagens ,lcsh:Food processing and manufacture ,Horticulture ,antioxidants ,Solanum ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Food Science - Abstract
The fruit of 18 Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme accessions from Mexico were evaluated for total phenolics (TP) by the Folin-Ciocalteau assay, phenolic profiles by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS), antioxidant activity (AoxA) by 2,2´-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazolin)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenil-1-pycrilhydrazyl (DPPH), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and antimutagenic activity (AmuA) by the Ames assay. TP was measured as Gallic Acid Equivalents (GAE) and the AoxA as Trolox Equivalents (TE). TP varied from 37 to 86 mg GAE 100 g−1 fresh weight (fw). The AoxA by ABTS (568-1187 µmol TE 100 g−1 fw) and DPPH (157-350 µmol TE 100 g−1 fw) correlated with TP and the levels of caffeoylquinic acids and rutin. The AmuA did not correlate with the levels of phenolics. Some accessions had higher AoxA and AmuA than those reported for commercial cultivars and also showed high levels of caffeoylquinic acids and rutin; thus, their consumption could have good health promoting effects.
- Published
- 2018
16. Identificación molecular y biológica de las razas 0 y 5 de Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.: Fr f. sp. ciceris (Padwick) Matuo & K. Sato del garbanzo en el noroeste de México
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Erasmo Gutierres Pérez, Pedro Francisco Ortega Murrieta, Sixto Velarde Félix, Jorge Alberto Acosta Gallegos, José Antonio Garzón Tiznado, Gustavo A. Fierros Leyva, Franklin Gerardo Rodríguez Cota, Isidoro Padilla Valenzuela, and José Angel López Valenzuela
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General Medicine - Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc) es un hongo fitopatógeno que causa la enfermedad conocida como fusariosis vascular en el cultivo del garbanzo. En México, el garbanzo para exportación sólo se cultiva en el Noroeste (Sinaloa, Sonora y Baja California Sur). Considerando que Foc limita la producción de este cultivo y que en México no existe información referente a la identificación de las razas fisiológicas de este hongo, el objetivo fue aislar e identificar mediante pruebas moleculares y biológicas las razas fisiológicas del hongo presentes en las zonas de cultivo de garbanzo de la región del noroeste de México. Durante el periodo 2010-2014 se colectaron plantas de garbanzo con síntomas de marchitez y amarillez en diferentes localidades de los estados de Sinaloa, Sonora y Baja California Sur. El hongo se aisló a partir de pequeñas porciones de la planta, los cuales fueron sembradas en medio de cultivo papa- dextrosa-agar suplementado con pentanitroclorobenceno (PCNB) y cloranfenicol. Se aislaron y purificaron cultivos monospóricos, a los cuales se les extrajo el ADN para la identif icación de razas f isiológicas mediante PCR y secuenciación enzimática. Estas cepas se inocularon en líneas diferenciales de garbanzo, confirmándose por primera vez en México la identificación de las razas fisiológicas 0 y 5 de Foc.
- Published
- 2017
17. Effect of the Combination Hot Water - Calcium Chloride on the In Vitro Growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and the Postharvest Quality of Infected Papaya
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Misael Odín Vega-García, Francisco Javier Molina-Corral, Francisco Delgado-Vargas, Armando Carrillo-López, Martha Edith López-López, José A. López-Valenzuela, and Lidia Elena Ayón-Reyna
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0106 biological sciences ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Fungus ,Biology ,Calcium ,lcsh:Plant culture ,01 natural sciences ,040501 horticulture ,Conidium ,postharvest quality ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,Pathogen ,Mycelium ,anthracnose ,Carica papaya ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,calcium chloride ,Horticulture ,chemistry ,Germination ,Postharvest ,hot water treatment ,0405 other agricultural sciences ,In vitro growth ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Research Article - Abstract
Anthracnose of papaya fruit caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the most economically important postharvest diseases. Hot water immersion (HW) and calcium chloride (Ca) treatments have been used to control papaya postharvest diseases; however, the effect of the combination HW-Ca on the pathogen growth and the development of the disease in infected papaya fruit has been scarcely studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the HW-Ca treatment on the in vitro growth of C. gloesporioides conidia and the quality of infected papaya. In vitro, the HW-Ca treated conidia showed reduced mycelial growth and germination. In vivo, the HW-Ca treatment of infected papaya delayed for 5 days the onset of the anthracnose symptoms and improved the papaya postharvest quality. The combined treatment HW-Ca was better than any of the individual treatments to inhibit the in vitro development of C. gloeosporioides and to reduce the negative effects of papaya anthracnose.
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- 2017
18. Protein changes associated with chilling tolerance in tomato fruit with hot water pre-treatment
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Milton Vega-Alvarez, Jeanett Chavez-Ontiveros, José A. López-Valenzuela, Francisco Delgado-Vargas, Lourdes Valenzuela-Ponce, Misael Odín Vega-García, Nancy Y. Salazar-Salas, and Karen V. Pineda-Hidalgo
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Antioxidant ,medicine.medical_treatment ,food and beverages ,Cold storage ,Ripening ,Horticulture ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Superoxide dismutase ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Enzyme ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Heat shock protein ,biology.protein ,Plant defense against herbivory ,medicine ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Food Science ,Peroxidase - Abstract
Hot water (HW) pre-treatment provides tolerance to chilling injury (CI) in tomato fruit, but little is known about the biochemical bases of this tolerance. The aim of this study was to identify proteins associated with CI tolerance in HW pre-treated tomato cv. Imperial. We used a comparative proteomic analysis between HW-treated (42 °C, 5 min) and non-treated fruit after cold storage (0, 10, and 20 days at 5 °C) and ripening (7 days at 21 °C); as well as real-time PCR to analyze the expression of genes encoding some selected proteins. Thirteen proteins were differentially expressed after 20 days of cold storage and 13 after the subsequent ripening period; polypeptides showing greater accumulation in HW-treated fruit included small heat shock proteins, antioxidant enzymes (thioredoxin peroxidase 1, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbate peroxidase), plant defense proteins (PR-10 and remorin 1) and RNA-binding chaperone protein (GR-RBP). In addition, non-treated fruit showed higher expression of enzymes involved in detoxification, carbohydrate, and energy metabolism, suggesting a low cellular efficiency in energy production due to severe structural damage. The hot water-induced chilling tolerance in tomato fruit appears to be related with the prevention of protein denaturation, activation of the antioxidant and defense systems, and the potential regulation of cold sensitive genes.
- Published
- 2017
19. ANÁLISIS DE RESISTENCIA A Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum EN GENOTIPOS DE TOMATE
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Denisse A. Arellano-Aburto, José Á. López-Valenzuela, Roberto Gutierrez-Dorado, Karen V. Pineda-Hidalgo, Jesús E. Retes-Manjarrez, and José A. Garzón-Tiznado
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Genetics ,Plant Science ,Horticulture ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLs) es una bacteria asociada a la enfermedad “Permanente del Tomate” (PT) que ocasiona grandes daños a la producción de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) en México. El uso de genotipos resistentes es la alternativa más sustentable para el manejo de enfermedades en plantas; sin embargo, actualmente no hay reportes de cultivares comerciales de tomate resistentes a CLs. Por lo anterior, el objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la respuesta a la infección con CLs en los cultivares Río Grande®, Moctezuma®, Marmande, DRK2180®, La Roca®, Bonny Best® y la línea avanzada UAS 2016. La evaluación se desarrolló en Culiacán, Sinaloa, México en condiciones de invernadero mediante un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. La inoculación de CLs se llevó a cabo mediante su vector y la expresión de la enfermedad en la planta se registró durante siete semanas. La variabilidad genética de los genotipos fue analizada con el empleo de 15 microsatélites (SSR). Los resultados indicaron que la expresión de PT en UAS 2016 y Marmande fue significativamente menor que en Río Grande® y Moctezuma®, sin que DRK2180®, La Roca® y Bonny Best® mostraran diferencia significativa con respecto a esta última variedad. La diversidad genética total presentó un valor de 0.58 y un GST de 0.30, lo que indica que los genotipos presentaron variabilidad genética similar.
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- 2021
20. Nutritional, antioxidant and phytochemical characterization of healthy ready-to-eat expanded snack produced from maize/common bean mixture by extrusion
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Julio Montes-Avila, José A. López-Valenzuela, Roberto Gutiérrez-Dorado, Gabriela López-Angulo, J. Xiomara K. Perales-Sánchez, María F. Quintero-Soto, and Jennifer V. Félix-Medina
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0106 biological sciences ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Naringenin ,ABTS ,Antioxidant ,DPPH ,medicine.medical_treatment ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,040401 food science ,01 natural sciences ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,Amino acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,chemistry ,Phytochemical ,010608 biotechnology ,medicine ,Food science ,Kaempferol ,Food Science - Abstract
In this research, a healthy ready-to-eat expanded snack was produced using a maize/common bean (70/30%) mixture and characterized for its nutritional value, antioxidant potential, and phytochemical composition. Free and bound extracts were obtained and analyzed for phenolic profiles by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detector–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MSn) and antioxidant activity (IC50) by ABTS and DPPH methods. Fatty acids and amino acid profiles were obtained by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. Fourteen phenolic compounds were identified and quantified (mg/100 g, dw); the main compounds included three phenolic acids (ferulic, diferulic, p-coumaric) and three flavonoids (naringenin, kaempferol, methyl isoflavone). The IC50 (mg/mL) values obtained by ABTS (4.17 and 0.12) were smaller than those measured by DPPH (5.93 and 0.33). Seven fatty acids were also identified and the two most abundant were unsaturated (oleic, linoleic). The snack also showed an acceptable balance of amino acids according to the FAO, 2013 requirements, as well as a chemical score = 74.09 in vitro protein digestibility = 77.21%, C-PER = 1.53 and PDCAAS = 57.20%. The expanded snack could be source of bioactive, nutritional and antioxidant compounds for the improvement of the consumer's health.
- Published
- 2021
21. Comparative proteomic analysis of leaf tissue from tomato plants colonized with Rhizophagus irregularis
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S. Campista-León, Sergio Medina-Godoy, L. I. Peinado-Guevara, Ignacio E. Maldonado-Mendoza, José A. López-Valenzuela, H. Galindo-Flores, and Melina López-Meyer
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Rhizophagus irregularis ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Fungus ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Photosynthesis ,Phosphate ,01 natural sciences ,Arbuscular mycorrhiza ,Superoxide dismutase ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,Symbiosis ,chemistry ,Botany ,biology.protein ,Solanum ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
A comparative proteomic approach was performed to analyze the differential accumulation of leaf proteins in response to the symbiosis between Solanum lycopersicum and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Rhizophagus irregularis. Protein profiling was examined in leaves from tomato plants colonized with AMF (M), as well as non-colonized plants fertilized with low phosphate (20 μM P; NM-LP) and non-colonized plants fertilized with regular phosphate Hoagland’s solution (200 μM P; NM-RP). Comparisons were made between these groups, and 2D-SDS-PAGE revealed that 27 spots were differentially accumulated in M vs. NM-LP. Twenty-three out of the 27 spots were successfully identified by mass spectrometry. Two of these proteins, 2-methylene-furan-3-one reductase and auxin-binding protein ABP19a, were up-accumulated in M plants. The down-accumulated proteins in M plants were associated mainly with photosynthesis, redox, and other molecular functions. Superoxide dismutase, harpin binding protein, and thioredoxin peroxidase were down-accumulated in leaves of M tomato plants when compared to NM-LP and NM-RP, indicating that these proteins are responsive to AMF colonization independently of the phosphate regime under which they were grown. 14-3-3 protein was up-accumulated in NM-RP vs. NM-LP plants, whereas it was down-accumulated in M vs. NM-LP and M vs. NM-RP, regardless of their phosphate nutrition. This suggests a possible regulation by P nutrition and AMF colonization. Our results demonstrate AMF-induced systemic changes in the expression of tomato leaf proteins, including the down-accumulation of proteins related to photosynthesis and redox function.
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- 2017
22. CARACTERIZACIÓN FENOTÍPICA Y AGRONÓMICA DE MAÍCES (Zea mays ssp. mays L.) NATIVOS DE SINALOA, MÉXICO
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Orlando Omer Linares-Holguín, Mario Rocandio-Rodríguez, Amalio Santacruz-Varela, José Ángel López-Valenzuela, Leovigildo Córdova-Téllez, Saúl Parra-Terraza, Alfredo Leal-Sandoval, Ignacio Eduardo Maldonado-Mendoza, and Pedro Sánchez-Peña
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Multidisciplinarias (Ciencias Sociales) ,Germoplasma ,Diversidad Genética ,Zea mays L ,Caracterización - Abstract
"La variación genética de maíz (Zea mays ssp. mays L.) en México ha sido estudiada especialmente en el centro-sur del país. El estado de Sinaloa (primero en producción) posee 23% de la variación genética racial nacional, pero su evaluación es escasa. Recolectamos 144 muestras de maíz (Tuxpeño Norteño, Vandeño, Onaveño, Elotero de Sinaloa, Tabloncillo, Tabloncillo Perla, Bofo, Jala, Blando de Sonora, Chapalote, Dulcillo del Noroeste y Reventador) en distintos puntos del estado con el objetivo de describir las características morfológicas y agronómicas relevantes para determinar un patrón de agrupación. Las accesiones fueron evaluadas en dos ambientes con un diseño de látice simple 12×12, analizando 27 variables. El ANDEVA detectó diferencias significativas entre accesiones (todas las variables), interacción genotipo × ambiente (anchura/longitud del grano) y ambientes en la espiga (longitud del tramo ramificado, número de ramificaciones primarias y longitud de la rama central), mazorca (diámetro/longitud, longitud del pedúnculo y de mazorca) y grano (volumen y peso/volumen). Los tres primeros componentes principales (CP) explicaron 64% de la varianza, donde las variables: número de hojas, diámetro y longitud de la mazorca; la anchura y espesor de grano; anchura/longitud del grano y floración; son las más importantes. La representación gráfica de los CP1 y CP2 reveló seis grupos y la de conglomerados cinco. Algunas accesiones poseían características compartidas con más de un grupo racial y su posición fue cercana a la de quienes compartían características. Se confirma una amplia diversidad genética de maíces nativos en Sinaloa."
- Published
- 2019
23. Interaction of Squid (Dosidicus giga) Mantle Protein with a Mixtures of Potato and Corn Starch in an Extruded Snack, as Characterized by FTIR and DSC
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María Dolores Muy-Rangel, José A. López-Valenzuela, Ramón Pacheco-Aguilar, José Luis Valenzuela-Lagarda, Jaime Lizardi Mendoza, Roberto Gutiérrez-Dorado, and Miguel Angel Mazorra-Manzano
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030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Starch ,Melting temperature ,Pharmaceutical Science ,extruded ,melting temperature ,Article ,Analytical Chemistry ,lcsh:QD241-441 ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Differential scanning calorimetry ,lcsh:Organic chemistry ,biology.animal ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Drug Discovery ,Animals ,Food science ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Solanum tuberosum ,0303 health sciences ,Squid ,Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ,protein–starch interaction ,biology ,Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Decapodiformes ,Proteins ,Biological value ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,040401 food science ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Molecular Medicine ,Amine gas treating ,Extrusion ,Snacks ,squid - Abstract
The majority of snacks expanded by extrusion (SEE) are made with vegetable sources, to improve their nutritional content, it has been proposed to incorporate squid (Dosidicus gigas), due to its high protein content, low price and high availability. However, the interaction of proteins of animal origin with starch during extrusion causes negative effects on the sensory properties of SEE, so it is necessary to know the type of protein–carbohydrate interactions and their effect on these properties. The objective of this research was to study the interaction of proteins and carbohydrates of SEE elaborated with squid mantle, potato and corn. The nutritional composition and protein digestibility were evaluated, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were used to study the formation of protein–starch complexes and the possible regions responsible for their interactions. The SEE had a high protein content (40–85%) and biological value (>, 93%). The melting temperature (Tm) was found between 145 and 225 °C, the Tm values in extruded samples are directly proportional to the squid content. The extrusion process reduced the amine groups I and II responsible for the protein–protein interaction and increased the O-glucosidic bonds, so these bonds could be responsible for the protein–carbohydrate interactions.
- Published
- 2021
24. Metabolomic Changes in Mango Fruit Peel Associated with Chilling Injury Tolerance Induced by Quarantine Hot Water Treatment
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Francisco Delgado-Vargas, Nancy Y. Salazar-Salas, Gabriela López-Angulo, Karen V. Pineda-Hidalgo, Milton Vega-Alvarez, Misael Odín Vega-García, José A. López-Valenzuela, and Martha Edith López-López
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Chemistry ,Linolenic acid ,food and beverages ,Cold storage ,Ripening ,Horticulture ,Palmitic acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Saturated fatty acid ,Gallic acid ,Malic acid ,Food science ,Citric acid ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Food Science - Abstract
The application of a quarantine hot water treatment (HWT) induces chilling injury (CI) tolerance in mango fruit, but little is known about the mechanisms involved in this tolerance. The aim of this study was to identify metabolomic changes associated with HWT-induced CI tolerance in 'Keitt' mango fruit. Mature green fruit treated with hot water (HWT; 46.1 °C, 75-90 min) and non-treated (control) were stored for 20 d at 5 °C and ripened for 7 d at 21 °C. The incidence of chilling injury symptoms was registered as CI index. Methanol extracts of fruit peels were used for comparative metabolomics analyses by UPLC-DAD-MS and GC-MS. Total phenolics (TP) were analyzed by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay and the antioxidant activity (AA) was measured by ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP methods. HWT provided CI tolerance to mango fruit as evidenced by a low incidence of symptoms. Fifty-two and 14 metabolites were identified by UPLC-DAD-MS and GC-MS, respectively. These metabolites were classified as galloylquinic acids, gallic acid esters, gallotannins, gallic acid derivatives, benzophenone derivatives, xanthones, flavonoids, organic acids, sugars, fatty acids, and other metabolites (myo-inositol). The HWT before cold storage increased the abundance of galloylquinic acids, gallic acid esters, gallotannins, quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside, and myo-inositol; and it decreased the levels of mangiferin, ribose, malic acid, and palmitic acid. After cold storage and ripening, HWT fruit maintained higher levels of galloylquinic acids, gallic acid esters, gallotannins, quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside, mangiferin, myo-inositol, linolenic acid, and sugars than those in control fruit. HWT fruit also had higher values of TP and AA by the three methods. Control fruit had higher levels of citric acid, malic acid, palmitic acid, and ribose, as well as lower unsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio. The HWT-induced CI tolerance in mango fruit appears to be associated with an increased content of antioxidants and osmoprotectant metabolites and a higher ratio of unsaturated/saturated fatty acids.
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- 2020
25. Early transcriptional responses to chilling stress in tomato fruit with hot water pre-treatment
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Angel Valdez-Ortiz, José A. López-Valenzuela, Cuauhtémoc Reyes-Moreno, Misael Odín Vega-García, Abraham Cruz-Mendívil, and Carlos L. Calderón-Vázquez
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Zinc finger ,Abiotic stress ,food and beverages ,Cold storage ,RNA-Seq ,Horticulture ,Biology ,Chaperonin ,Cell wall ,Botany ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Gene ,Transcription factor ,Food Science - Abstract
We previously demonstrated the effectiveness of a hot water (HW) treatment (40 °C for 7 min) to reduce chilling injury (CI) in tomato fruit and described the global transcriptional changes associated with CI tolerance and susceptibility after 2 weeks of cold storage. In this study we describe the early transcriptional responses of HW treated and non-treated tomato fruit after a short-term cold storage (2 and 24 h at 5 °C). RNA-Seq analysis detected a large number of differentially expressed genes that varied from 575 (control fruit after 2 h at 5 °C) to 5100 (HW treated fruit after 24 h at 5 °C). The protective effect of HW treatment against chilling stress was related first with the up-regulation of AP2/EREBP and C 2 H 2 -type zinc finger transcription factors, which are known to induce the expression of cold-regulated genes, and second with the up-regulation of chaperonins and peptidyl-prolyl cis – trans isomerases, which prevent the denaturation and aggregation of proteins. Also, some genes related to pathogen resistance (TIR, NBS and LRR families) were up-regulated in HW treated fruit after chilling, suggesting a crosstalk between biotic and abiotic stress responses. Transcriptional changes that were induced in HW treated fruit at early stages of chilling and maintained after long-term cold storage included the up-regulation of genes related to heat stress and the down-regulation of genes related to cell wall degradation.
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- 2015
26. Anthocyanins of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Fruit Associated with High Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities
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Valentín Miranda-Soto, Leticia Sánchez-Ximello, José A. López-Valenzuela, Sylvia P. Díaz-Camacho, Julio Montes-Avila, Gabriela López-Angulo, and Francisco Delgado-Vargas
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0301 basic medicine ,Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ,Antioxidant ,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,DPPH ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cyanidin ,Pelargonidin ,Antioxidants ,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ,Anthocyanins ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Glucosides ,medicine ,Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors ,Food science ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,ABTS ,biology ,Chemistry ,Fabaceae ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,040401 food science ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Anthocyanin ,Fruit ,Trolox ,Pithecellobium dulce ,Food Science - Abstract
Red arils of Pithecellobium dulce fruit, commonly known as guamuchil, show high antioxidant (AOx) and α-glucosidase inhibitory (IαG) activities, which have been mainly associated with the content of unknown anthocyanins. In this study, the AOx (i.e., DPPH and ABTS as Trolox equivalents, μmol TE/g) and IαG (as half-maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50, mg/mL) activities of the anthocyanin-rich fraction (ARF) obtained from red arils were contrasted with those of the methanol extract (ME), and the main ARF anthocyanins were characterized by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS, GC-MS and 1H-NMR. The AOx and IαG values of the ARF (DPPH = 597.8; ABTS = 884.01; IαG = 0.06) were better than those of the ME (DPPH = 41.5; ABTS = 142.3; IαG = 17.5); remarkably, the ARF IαG value was about 42 times lower than that of acarbose. The main anthocyanins in ARF were pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside. Thus, the consumption of red P. dulce arils could provide health benefits for prevention/treatment of chronic degenerative diseases such as diabetes.
- Published
- 2018
27. Comparison of terpene and phenolic profiles of three wild species of Echeveria (Crassulaceae)
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Gabriela López-Angulo, Julio Montes-Avila, Sylvia Páz Díaz-Camacho, Rito Vega-Aviña, José Ángel López-Valenzuela, and Francisco Delgado-Vargas
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0106 biological sciences ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,lcsh:Botany ,lcsh:SB1-1110 ,lcsh:Plant culture ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,010606 plant biology & botany ,0104 chemical sciences - Abstract
Echeveria species (Crassulaceae) are used in traditional medicine and some of their biological activities are demonstrated (e.g. antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer). However, their chemical composition has been scarcely studied. The methanol extracts (ME) of three Echeveria species (E. craigiana, E. kimnachii and E. subrigida) from Mexico were analyzed for the sterol (GC-MS) and phenolic (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn) composition. Eleven sterols were identified, E. kimnachii showed the highest total content (7.87 mg/g ME), and the main constituents were γ-sitosterol in E. craigiana (33.9%) and E. subrigida (54.4%), and lupenone in E. kimnachii (28.9%). The phenolic analysis showed differences among the Echeveria species, which contained flavonoids derivatives and tannins as the main components. The main flavonoids in E. craigiana were hexoside derivatives of quercetin and isorhamnetin, both with a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaroyl substituent; in E. subrigida hexosides of isorhamnetin, quercetin and kaempferol; and E. kimnachii showed the greatest diversity including proanthocyanidins and less common flavonoid derivatives of kaempferol O,O-disubstituted by acyl derivatives. The characteristic phytochemicals of each studied Echeveria species could be responsible of its specific biological activities and useful as chemotaxonomic markers. The kaempferol derivatives in E. kimnachii are rare in nature and they will be isolated and characterized., Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, Vol 91 (2018): Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
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- 2018
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28. Physicochemical, Structural, and Proteomic Analysis of Starch Granules from Maize Landraces of Northwest Mexico
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Elthon Vega-Alvarez, José A. López-Valenzuela, Karen V. Pineda-Hidalgo, Cuauhtémoc Reyes-Moreno, Roberto Gutiérrez-Dorado, Nancy Y. Salazar-Salas, Loranda Calderón-Zamora, and Luis A. Bello-Pérez
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Retrogradation (starch) ,biology ,Starch ,Organic Chemistry ,food and beverages ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Crystallinity ,Pyruvate, phosphate dikinase ,chemistry ,Amylose ,Amylopectin ,Botany ,biology.protein ,Sucrose synthase ,Starch synthase ,Food Science - Abstract
The variability in grain and starch characteristics and their relationship with the accumulation of starch granule associated proteins were investigated in five maize landraces of Northwest Mexico (Blando de Sonora, Chapalote, Elotero de Sinaloa, Reventador, and Tabloncillo). Significant differences were observed in grain hardness related traits, starch physicochemical properties, and structural properties. Blando de Sonora showed very soft grains, whereas the hardest grains were observed for Chapalote and Reventador. Starch granules isolated from landraces with hard grains contained more amylose and showed polygonal shapes, lower crystallinity and enthalpy of gelatinization, and greater retrogradation and proportion of long amylopectin chains. Proteomic analysis identified the enzymes granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI), starch synthase I and IIa, starch branching enzyme IIb, sucrose synthase 1, and pyruvate phosphate dikinase 2 as granule-associated proteins. The abundance of GBSSI correlated signif...
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- 2015
29. Effectiveness of Hydrothermal-Calcium Chloride Treatment and Chitosan on Quality Retention and Microbial Growth during Storage of Fresh-Cut Papaya
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Ranses Tamayo-Limon, Feliznando Isidro Cárdenas-Torres, Lidia Elena Ayón-Reyna, Jaime López-Cervantes, Héctor Samuel López-Moreno, Martha Edith López-López, Gabriela López-Angulo, Misael Odín Vega-García, and José A. López-Valenzuela
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Chemistry ,Pulp (paper) ,chemistry.chemical_element ,engineering.material ,Bacterial growth ,Calcium ,Shelf life ,Ascorbic acid ,Hydrothermal circulation ,Lycopene ,Chitosan ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Botany ,engineering ,Food science ,Food Science - Abstract
Rapid degradation of fresh-cut papaya limits its marketability. Hydrothermal treatments in combination with a calcium dip, applied to whole fruit before slicing, and also the application of chitosan as a coating film, have been found to have very good results in maintaining the quality of fresh-cut fruits. Based on these considerations, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydrothermal treatment (HT; 49 °C, 25 min) containing calcium chloride (Ca; 1%, w/v) followed by dipping in chitosan (Chit; 1%, w/v, 3 min) on the physical, chemical, and microbial qualities of papaya slices stored at 5 °C for 10 d. Pulp color, firmness, ascorbic acid, total phenolics, β-carotene, and lycopene were evaluated every 2 d while the microbial quality (mesophilics, psychrophilics, molds, and yeasts) was evaluated every 5 d. Fruit treated with HT-Ca and HT-Ca + Chit showed better color and firmness retention than Control and Chit. Papaya slices treated with HT-Ca + Chit had higher nutritional content and lower microbial growth at the end of storage. The application of the HT-Ca + Chit could be used to reduce deterioration processes, maintaining physical, chemical, and microbial qualities and increasing the shelf life of fresh-cut papaya stored at 5 °C.
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- 2015
30. Transcriptional changes associated with chilling tolerance and susceptibility in ‘Micro-Tom’ tomato fruit using RNA-Seq
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Angel Valdez-Ortiz, Carlos L. Calderón-Vázquez, Abraham Cruz-Mendívil, Misael Odín Vega-García, José A. López-Valenzuela, and Cuauhtémoc Reyes-Moreno
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fungi ,food and beverages ,Cold storage ,Ripening ,Horticulture ,Biology ,Cell biology ,Transcriptome ,Heat shock factor ,Heat shock protein ,Gene expression ,Botany ,MYB ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Transcription factor ,Food Science - Abstract
Tomato fruit are horticultural products of great economic and nutritional value, whose transportation and marketing at low temperature are limited due to their susceptibility to develop chilling injury (CI). Hot water (HW) pre-treatments have been shown to reduce the CI symptoms in tomato fruit, but the molecular mechanisms involved in the acquisition of CI tolerance remain unclear. In the present work, a comparative transcriptomic analysis between HW treated and non-treated fruit before and after cold storage was carried out. RNA-Seq analysis detected a large number of differentially expressed genes that ranged from 2235 (heat shock) to 5433 (cold storage). Three clusters of genes were identified after 2 weeks of cold storage: the chilling-response included the down-regulation of genes involved in photosynthesis, metabolism of cell wall, lipid and ethylene, as well as the up-regulation of genes for trehalose synthesis and transcription factors (DOF and MYB); the chilling-susceptibility was associated with the down-regulation of genes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis, which correlates with the main CI symptom of uneven ripening; meanwhile, the chilling-tolerance was related to the up-regulation of genes for heat stress (heat shock proteins and heat shock transcription factors) and detoxification (glutathione S-transferases). The induced tolerance to CI in tomato fruit seems to be related first with the protection of cell wall and membranes integrity, and second with the restoration of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling.
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- 2015
31. Chemical composition and biological activities of Helicteres vegae and Heliopsis sinaloensis
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Julio Montes-Avila, Rito Vega-Aviña, Sandra Olivas-Quintero, Nancy Y. Salazar-Salas, José A. López-Valenzuela, Francisco Delgado-Vargas, Gabriela López-Angulo, and Sylvia Páz Díaz-Camacho
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Salmonella typhimurium ,antioxidant ,Endangered species ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Asteraceae ,01 natural sciences ,Antioxidants ,Anti-Infective Agents ,Parasitic Sensitivity Tests ,Drug Discovery ,Chemical composition ,Malvaceae ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,mass spectrometry ,biology ,Plant Stems ,Chemistry ,Heliopsis sinaloensis ,Antimutagenic Agents ,General Medicine ,beta Carotene ,Plant species ,Molecular Medicine ,Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ,phenolics ,electrospray ionization ,Context (language use) ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,antimutagenic ,Helicteres ,Picrates ,Botany ,liquid chromatography ,Animals ,Benzothiazoles ,Pharmacology ,Sterculiaceae ,Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity ,Plants, Medicinal ,Bacteria ,010405 organic chemistry ,Mutagenicity Tests ,Plant Extracts ,Methanol ,lcsh:RM1-950 ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Biphenyl Compounds ,toxicity ,biology.organism_classification ,0104 chemical sciences ,Plant Leaves ,lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,flavonoids ,Solvents ,antimicrobial ,Artemia ,Giardia lamblia ,Sulfonic Acids ,Phytotherapy - Abstract
Context:Helicteres vegae Cristóbal (Sterculiaceae) (Hv) and Heliopsis sinaloensis B.L. Turner (Asteraceae) (Hs) are endangered and poorly studied plant species; related plants have been used against chronic-degenerative and infectious diseases. Therefore, Hv and Hs could be sources of bioactive compounds against these illnesses. Objective: To determine the chemical composition and biological activities (antioxidant, antimutagenic and antimicrobial) of Hv and Hs leaves (L) and stems (S). Materials and methods: Methanol extracts (ME) of each plant/tissue were evaluated for their phytochemicals; phenolics (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS); antioxidant activity (AA) (0.125–4 mg/mL) (DPPH, ABTS, ORAC and β-carotene discoloration); antimutagenicity (0.5 and 1 mg/plate) (Ames assay, tester strain Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium YG1024, 1-nitropyrene as mutagen); activity against human pathogens (1 mg/mL); and toxicity (0.01–2 mg/mL) (Artemia salina assay). Results: All ME showed flavonoids and triterpenes/steroids. The ME-SHv had the highest content of total phenolics (TP) (2245.82 ± 21.45 mg GAE/100 g d.w.) and condensed tannins (603.71 ± 1.115 mg CE/100 g d.w.). The compounds identified were flavonoids (kaempferol 7-O-coumaroylhexoside, and two kaempferol 7-O-rhamnosylhexosides) and phenolics [rosmarinic acid, and 3′-O-(8″-Z-caffeoyl) rosmarinic acid]. The ME-LHs showed the highest content of flavonoids (357.88 mg RE/g d.w.) and phenolic acids (238.58 mg CAE/g d.w.) by HPLC. The ME-SHv showed the highest AA. All ME were strong antimutagens (63.3-85.7%). Only the Hs extracts were toxic (ME-LHs, LC50 = 94.9 ± 1.7 μg/mL; ME-SHs, LC50 = 89.03 ± 4.42 μg/mL). Discussion and conclusions: Both Hv and Hs are potential sources of preventive and therapeutic agents against chronic-degenerative diseases.
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- 2017
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32. Healthy Ready-to-Eat Expanded Snack with High Nutritional and Antioxidant Value Produced from Whole Amarantin Transgenic Maize and Black Common Bean
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Ramona J. Espinoza-Moreno, Jorge Milán-Carrillo, Roberto Gutiérrez-Dorado, José A. López-Valenzuela, Cuauhtémoc Reyes-Moreno, and Octavio Paredes-López
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Dietary Fiber ,Antioxidant ,Food Handling ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Flour ,Zea mays ,Antioxidants ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Nutraceutical ,Dry weight ,Phenols ,medicine ,Food science ,Response surface methodology ,Water content ,Plant Proteins ,Phaseolus ,Whole Grains ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,ABTS ,Amaranthus ,Chemistry ,Temperature ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Plants, Genetically Modified ,040401 food science ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Seeds ,Extrusion ,Trolox ,Dietary Proteins ,Snacks ,Nutritive Value ,Food Science - Abstract
The snack foods market is currently demanding healthier products. A ready-to-eat expanded snack with high nutritional and antioxidant value was developed from a mixture (70:30) of whole amarantin transgenic maize (Zea mays L.) and black common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by optimizing the extrusion process. Extruder operation conditions were: feed moisture content (FMC, 15–25 %, wet basis), barrel temperature (BT, 120–170 °C), and screw speed (SS, 50–240). The desirability numeric method of the response surface methodology (RSM) was applied as the optimization technique over four response variables [expansion ratio (ER), bulk density (BD), hardness (H), antioxidant activity (AoxA)] to obtain maximum ER and AoxA, and minimum BD, and H values. The best combination of extrusion process variables for producing an optimized expanded snack (OES, healthy snack) were: FMC = 15 %/BT = 157 °C/SS = 238 rpm. The OES had ER = 2.86, BD = 0.119 g/cm 3 , H = 1.818 N, and AoxA = 13,681 μmol Trolox equivalent (TE)/100 g, dry weight. The extrusion conditions used to produce the OES increased the AoxA (ORAC: +18 %, ABTS:+20 %) respect to the unprocessed whole grains mixture. A 50 g portion of OES had higher protein content (7.23 vs 2.32 g), total dietary fiber (7.50 vs 1.97 g), total phenolic content (122 vs 47 mg GAE), and AoxA (6626 vs 763 μmol TE), and lower energy (169 vs 264 kcal) than an expanded commercial snack (ECS = Cheetos™). Because of its high content of quality protein, dietary fiber and phenolics, as well as high AoxA and low energy density, the OES could be used for health promotion and chronic disease prevention and as an alternative to the widely available commercial snacks with high caloric content and low nutritional/nutraceutical value.
- Published
- 2016
33. Melanins ofVitex mollisfruit with differences in water-solubility show high inhibition of carbohydrate digestive enzymes and antioxidant activity
- Author
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Gabriela López-Angulo, Juan Fernando Pío-León, Francisco Delgado-Vargas, José A. López-Valenzuela, Julio Montes-Avila, Alejandro Vega-Rios, and Sylvia Páz Díaz-Camacho
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Ethanol ,Antioxidant ,biology ,Vitex ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Biophysics ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Cell Biology ,Carbohydrate ,biology.organism_classification ,040401 food science ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,beta-Carotene ,Alpha-glucosidase ,biology.protein ,medicine ,Food science ,Amylase ,Food Science - Published
- 2018
34. Identificación molecular y biológica de las razas 0 y 5 de Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.: Fr f. sp. ciceris (Padwick) Matuo & K. Sato del garbanzo en el noroeste de México
- Author
-
Sixto Velarde Félix, Pedro F. Ortega Murrieta, Gustavo A. Fierros Leyva, Isidoro Padilla Valenzuela, Erasmo Gutierres Pérez, Franklin G. Rodríguez Cota, José A. López Valenzuela, Jorge A. Acosta Gallegos, and José A. Garzón Tiznado
- Subjects
líneas diferenciales ,secuenciación ,Agrociencias ,Garbanzo ,razas fisiológicas de Foc - Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc) es un hongo fitopatógeno que causa la enfermedad conocida como fusariosis vascular en el cultivo del garbanzo. En México, el garbanzo para exportación sólo se cultiva en el Noroeste (Sinaloa, Sonora y Baja California Sur). Considerando que Foc limita la producción de este cultivo y que en México no existe información referente a la identificación de las razas fisiológicas de este hongo, el objetivo fue aislar e identificar mediante pruebas moleculares y biológicas las razas fisiológicas del hongo presentes en las zonas de cultivo de garbanzo de la región del noroeste de México. Durante el periodo 2010-2014 se colectaron plantas de garbanzo con síntomas de marchitez y amarillez en diferentes localidades de los estados de Sinaloa, Sonora y Baja California Sur. El hongo se aisló a partir de pequeñas porciones de la planta, los cuales fueron sembradas en medio de cultivo papa-dextrosa-agar suplementado con pentanitroclorobenceno (PCNB) y cloranfenicol. Se aislaron y purificaron cultivos monospóricos, a los cuales se les extrajo el ADN para la identificación de razas fisiológicas mediante PCR y secuenciación enzimática. Estas cepas se inocularon en líneas diferenciales de garbanzo, confirmándose por primera vez en México la identificación de las razas fisiológicas 0 y 5 de Foc.
- Published
- 2015
35. Effectiveness of hydrothermal-calcium chloride treatment and chitosan on quality retention and microbial growth during storage of fresh-cut papaya
- Author
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Lidia E, Ayón-Reyna, Ransés, Tamayo-Limón, Feliznando, Cárdenas-Torres, Martha E, López-López, Gabriela, López-Angulo, Héctor S, López-Moreno, Jaime, López-Cervántes, José A, López-Valenzuela, and Misael O, Vega-García
- Subjects
Chitosan ,Hot Temperature ,Bacteria ,Carica ,Food Handling ,Fungi ,Color ,Water ,Ascorbic Acid ,beta Carotene ,Carotenoids ,Antioxidants ,Calcium Chloride ,Lycopene ,Food Storage ,Phenols ,Hardness ,Food Preservation ,Fruit ,Food Microbiology ,Humans ,Nutritive Value - Abstract
Rapid degradation of fresh-cut papaya limits its marketability. Hydrothermal treatments in combination with a calcium dip, applied to whole fruit before slicing, and also the application of chitosan as a coating film, have been found to have very good results in maintaining the quality of fresh-cut fruits. Based on these considerations, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydrothermal treatment (HT; 49 °C, 25 min) containing calcium chloride (Ca; 1%, w/v) followed by dipping in chitosan (Chit; 1%, w/v, 3 min) on the physical, chemical, and microbial qualities of papaya slices stored at 5 °C for 10 d. Pulp color, firmness, ascorbic acid, total phenolics, β-carotene, and lycopene were evaluated every 2 d while the microbial quality (mesophilics, psychrophilics, molds, and yeasts) was evaluated every 5 d. Fruit treated with HT-Ca and HT-Ca + Chit showed better color and firmness retention than Control and Chit. Papaya slices treated with HT-Ca + Chit had higher nutritional content and lower microbial growth at the end of storage. The application of the HT-Ca + Chit could be used to reduce deterioration processes, maintaining physical, chemical, and microbial qualities and increasing the shelf life of fresh-cut papaya stored at 5 °C.
- Published
- 2014
36. Histopathological Changes in Third-Instar and Adult Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) After in vitro Heat Treatment
- Author
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Héctor Samuel López-Moreno, Daniel Coronado-Velázquez, Angel Valdez-Ortiz, José Caro-Corrales, José Guadalupe Rendón-Maldonado, Emilio Hernández-Ortiz, José A. López-Valenzuela, and Lorena Caro-Corrales
- Subjects
Male ,heating block system ,Veterinary medicine ,Hot Temperature ,animal structures ,Biology ,Insect Control ,law.invention ,law ,Tephritidae ,parasitic diseases ,Quarantine ,Botany ,Animals ,Mangifera ,Adult stage ,Larva ,heat treatment ,Research ,fungi ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,ultrastructure ,Anastrepha ludens ,Insect Science ,Instar ,Female ,PEST analysis - Abstract
The Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae), is one of the most harmful pests of mango causing direct damage by oviposition on the fruit pulp. Mango for export is subjected to hydrothermal treatment as a quarantine method for the control of this pest, but exposure to heat for long periods of time reduces considerably the quality and shelf-life of treated fruit. The aim of this work was to study morphological changes of third-instar larvae and adults of A. ludens after in vitro exposure to high temperature at sublethal times. A heating block system was used to expose larvae at 46.1°C for 19.6 and 12.9 min, producing 94.6 and 70% mortality, respectively. Treated larvae were processed for optical microscopy. A fraction of surviving treated larvae was separated into containers with artificial diet to allow development into adults. Adult sexual organs were dissected and processed for transmission electron microscopy analysis. Results showed that 94.6% of the treated larvae died at 46.1°C for 19.6 min and none of the surviving larvae eclosed to adulthood, as they developed as malformed puparia. For the in vitro treatment at 46.1°C during 12.9 min, 70% of the treated larvae died and only 3.75% reached the adult stage, but ultrastructural damage in the male testes and in the female ovaries was observed. Additionally, 11.1% of the adult flies from the in vitro treatment also showed wing malformation and were incapable of flying. The analysis showed that surviving flies were unable to reproduce.
- Published
- 2015
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