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Although a wide variety of boron-based "scorpionate" ligands have been implemented, a modular route that offers facile access to different substitution patterns at boron has yet to be developed. Here, we demonstrate new reactivity patterns at the bridgehead positions of a ruthenium tris(pyrid-2-yl)borate complex that allow for facile tuning of steric and electronic properties.

Although widely used in catalysis, the multistep syntheses and high loadings typically employed are limiting broader implementation of highly active tailor-made arylborane Lewis acids and Lewis pairs. Attempts at developing recyclable systems have thus far met with limited success, as general and versatile platforms are yet to be developed. We demonstrate a novel approach that is based on the excellent control and functional group tolerance of ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The ROMP of highly Lewis acidic borane-functionalized phenylnorbornenes afforded both a soluble linear copolymer and a cross-linked organogel. The polymers proved highly efficient as recyclable catalysts in the reductive N-alkylation of arylamines under mild conditions and at exceptionally low catalyst loadings. The modular design presented herein can be readily adapted to other finely tuned triarylboranes, enabling wide applications of ROMP-borane polymers as well-defined supported organocatalysts.

Long-range interactions often proceed as a sequence of hopping through intermediate, statistically favored events. Here, we demonstrate predictable mechanical dynamics of particles that arise from the Lorentz force between plasmons. Even if the radiation is weak, the nonconservative Lorentz force produces stable locations perpendicular to the plasmon oscillation; over time, distinct patterns emerge. Experimentally, linearly polarized light illumination leads to the formation of 80 nm diameter Au nanoparticle chains, perpendicularly aligned, with lengths that are orders of magnitude greater than their plasmon near-field interaction. There is a critical intensity threshold and optimal concentration for observing self-assembly.

Mental health clinics that are licensed and regulated by their respective states constitute a vast mental health delivery system. Yet these programs, while operating for the last 40 years, have not been subject to systematic review. This retrospective study of archival data investigated the relationship between intensity of clinic treatment and hospital-based treatment episodes and polypharmacy. The sample was comprised of 562 patients with diagnoses of MDD, bipolar disorder, or a schizophrenia spectrum disorder, drawn from four state-licensed community clinics. These clinics provided a relatively heterogeneous model of care consisting of psychotherapy, medication management, and critical case tracking. Subjects with the highest number of treatment visits (31 or more) had a 62 % reduction in the incidence rate ratio of hospital-based treatment episodes compared to subjects with the least visits (15 or less). Subjects with 15–30 visits also fared well with an 82 % reduction in the incidence rate ratio of hospital-based treatment. Secondarily, a diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder resulted in a significantly higher incidence of hospital treatment than a diagnosis of MDD. Polypharmacy, measured at the .01 level, was not found to be associated with treatment intensity. The findings lend support to the outpatient clinic treatment model as a viable system that can significantly reduce costly hospital-based psychiatric care. At least for the diagnoses examined, early drop out is detrimental and increases the probability that hospital-based treatment will become necessary.

The light-actuated electrohydrodynamics in plasmonic nanofluids represent harvestable exergy in an open system. Here we demonstrate thermoelectric responses and analyze the energy conversion. Future efforts will require scrutiny of the negative-Soret-coefficient thermophoretic dynamics.