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Two acetyl chroman derivative, 1-(5,7-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethylchroman-8-yl)ethan-1-one (1) and 1-(5,7-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethylchroman-6-yl)ethan-1-one (2) were synthesized as intermediate products in the preparation of flavonoids. Their structures were characterized by NMR and IR and confirmed by high-resolution mass spectra and single crystal X-ray analysis. The inhibitory effects of the synthesized compounds on the growth of A549, HepG2, SW480, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines were evaluated by the CCK8 methods. Compound 1 showed cytotoxicity against HepG2, SW480, and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 12.85, 23.94, and 28.72 μM, respectively, and compound 2 showed cytotoxicity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 24.78 and 23.87 μM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interaction between emodin, frangulin-A (obtained from Ventilago leiocarpa Benth) with bovine serum albumin (BSA), and calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) has been investigated. The fluorescence spectrum and molecular docking methods are used to investigate the interaction between emodin, frangulin-A, and BSA. The UV spectrum revealed interaction between emodin, frangulin-A, and ct-DNA. The fluorescence spectrum confirmed that the compounds of emodin–BSA and frangulin-A–BSA were formed showing fl uorescence quenching and a decrease of the maximum emission wavelength. The simulated molecular docking showed stable combinations of emodin–BSA and frangulin-A– BSA. Thus, molecular interactions mainly occur due to hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonds. According to the UV spectrum, emodin and frangulin-A interacted with ct-DNA via electrostatic interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The two most commonly used airway management techniques during general anaesthesia are supraglottic airway devices and tracheal tubes. In older patients undergoing elective non‐cardiothoracic surgery under general anaesthesia with positive pressure ventilation, we hypothesised that a composite measure of in‐hospital postoperative pulmonary complications would be less frequent when a supraglottic airway device was used compared with a tracheal tube. We studied patients aged ≥ 70 years in 17 clinical centres. Patients were allocated randomly to airway management with a supraglottic airway device or a tracheal tube. Between August 2016 and April 2020, 2900 patients were studied, of whom 2751 were included in the primary analysis (1387 with supraglottic airway device and 1364 with a tracheal tube). Pre‐operatively, 2431 (88.4%) patients were estimated to have a postoperative pulmonary complication risk index of 1–2. Postoperative pulmonary complications, mostly coughing, occurred in 270 of 1387 patients (19.5%) allocated to a supraglottic airway device and 342 of 1364 patients (25.1%) assigned to a tracheal tube (absolute difference −5.6% (95%CI −8.7 to −2.5), risk ratio 0.78 (95%CI 0.67–0.89); p < 0.001). Among otherwise healthy older patients undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia with intra‐operative positive pressure ventilation of their lungs, there were fewer postoperative pulmonary complications when the airway was managed with a supraglottic airway device compared with a tracheal tube. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Question: Is pinopode measurement of any prognostic value?Summary Answer: Pinopode expression was significantly associated with the occurrence of pregnancy after frozen embryo transfer.What Is Known Already: Pinopodes are expressed in the endometrium during the implantation period. Pinopode measurement has been proposed as a marker of endometrial receptivity.Study Design, Size, Duration: A prospective cohort study was conducted at the Center of Reproductive Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, between 2014 and 2016, recruiting 172 women with infertility and undergoing frozen embryo transfer following IVF treatment. Among 172 participants, 46 women took part in the first study to quantify the daily changing pattern of pinopodes 3-7 days after the initiation of progesterone therapy in the hormone replacement cycles and the remaining 126 women with infertility participated in a study to examine the relationship between pinopode count and pregnancy outcome following frozen embryo transfer in hormone replacement cycles.Participants/materials, Setting, Methods: The mean age of participants was 29 years old. All participants received an artificial hormone replacement protocol capable of supporting successful implantation. Endometrial biopsies from 46 women were obtained 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 days after the initiation of progesterone therapy (P + 3, n = 6; P + 4, n = 6; P + 5, n = 11; P + 6, n = 13; P + 7, n = 10, respectively). Another 126 endometrial biopsies were obtained precisely 6 days after the initiation of progesterone. Scanning electron microscopy was used to capture the pinopode images, followed by use of the image J program to quantify the count and subtype of the pinopodes.Main Results and the Role Of Chance: We found that at least 60 microscopic fields were necessary to achieve a reproducible result. An intra-observer variability study showed good agreement between two measurements regarding the developing pinopode (DP) subtype (r = 0.95) and the fully developed pinopode (FDP) subtype (r = 0.86) but not for the regressing (RP) pinopode subtype (r = 0.39). The proportion of DP/total pinopodes (TP) declined rapidly form day P + 4 to a minimum on day P + 6. The percentage of FDP/TP increased rapidly from day P + 4 to reach a peak on day P + 6. On the other hand, the percentage of RP/TP reached a peak on day P + 7. Participants who conceived had a significantly (P = 0.011) higher percentage of FDP/TP on day P + 6 and significantly (P = 0.005) lower percentage of DP/TP on the same day compared with participants who did not become pregnant. Using a scoring system incorporating the percentages of DP and FDP, it was found that the pregnancy rate and the embryo implantation rate of women with a high pinopode score (82.3%; 63.0%) was significantly (P = 0.001; P = 0.046) higher than that of women with a low pinopode score (53.3%; 46.7%), respectively. There remains a possibility that the observations could have arisen due to chance.Limitations, Reasons For Caution: This study examined pinopode count and subtype in the HRT cycles, and it is uncertain whether the same observations apply to in natural cycles.Wider Implications Of the Fndings: Pinopodes have been questioned as a potential marker of endometrial receptivity for many years. Our results suggested that pinopode measurement may be of value in predicting pregnancy.Study Funding/competing Interest(s): The study was supported by the grants from the general project of medicine and health in Zhejiang Province of China (2015KYA142; 2018KY106), the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province (2017C03022) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81701514).The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. We have no competing interests to declare.Trial Registration Number: ISRCTN26300668. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio ( NLR) and platelet lymphocyte ratio ( PLR) had been analysed in many kind of tumours, but its role of predict the oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma ( ESCC) patients' prognosis was not reach a consensus. Relationship between NLR, PLR and ESCC located in the middle or lower segment was evaluated. 317 patients with ESCC who underwent attempted curative oesophagectomy were analysed in this study. 157 and 98 patients had elevated NLR and PLR respectively ( NLR >3.3 and PLR >150). The median overall survival time ( OS) and disease-free survival ( DFS) was 34.1 and 19.2 months respectively. Multivariate analysis found PLR >150 ( P = 0.018, HR 1.426, 95% CI 1.063-1.912) accompanied by male, lymphatic metastases, tumour size more than 3 cm, tumour located at middle segment and poor differentiation were associated with significantly worse DFS. Meanwhile, gender, lymphatic metastases, tumour location and differentiation along with PLR >150 ( P = 0.003, HR 1.595, 95% CI 1.172-2.170) and NLR>3.3 ( P = 0.039, HR 1.367, 95% CI 1.015-1.840) were all independent prognostic factors for OS. Preoperative NLR and PLR might be used as predictive factors in patients with ESCC. For DFS, elevated PLR compared to NLR may have an advantage to indicate poor prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we show an obvious evidence of nondestructive Raman spectra for the structural transition, i.e., the existence of a charge density wave (CDW) in monolayer 2H-TaS2, which can exhibit a much higher transition temperature than bulk and results in additional vibrational modes, indicating strong interactions with light. Furthermore, we reveal that the degenerate breath and wiggle modes of 2H-TaS2 originated from the periodic lattice distortion can be probed using the optical methods. Since recently several light-tunable devices have been proposed based on the CDW phase transition of 1 T-TaS2, our study and in particular, the theoretical results will be very helpful for understanding and designing electronic devices based on the CDW of 2H-TaS2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]