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Your search keyword '"Holliger, P."' showing total 108 results
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108 results on '"Holliger, P."'

1. MiDAS 5: Global diversity of bacteria and archaea in anaerobic digesters

Author

Dueholm, Morten Kam Dahl, Andersen, Kasper Skytte, Korntved, Anne-Kirstine C., Rudkjøbing, Vibeke, Alves, Madalena, Bajón-Fernández, Yadira, Batstone, Damien, Butler, Caitlyn, Cruz, Mercedes Cecilia, Davidsson, Åsa, Erijman, Leonardo, Holliger, Christof, Koch, Konrad, Kreuzinger, Norbert, Lee, Changsoo, Lyberatos, Gerasimos, Mutnuri, Srikanth, O’Flaherty, Vincent, Oleskowicz-Popiel, Piotr, Pokorna, Dana, Rajal, Veronica, Recktenwald, Michael, Rodríguez, Jorge, Saikaly, Pascal E., Tooker, Nick, Vierheilig, Julia, De Vrieze, Jo, Wurzbacher, Christian, and Nielsen, Per Halkjær

Published
2024
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10. An analytical study of seismoelectric signals produced by 1D mesoscopic heterogeneities

Author

Monachesi, Leonardo B., Rubino, J. German, Rosas-Carbajal, Marina, Jougnot, Damien, Linde, Niklas, Quintal, Beatriz, and Holliger, Klaus

Subjects
Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

The presence of mesoscopic heterogeneities in fluid-saturated porous rocks can produce measurable seismoelectric signals due to wave-induced fluid flow between regions of differing compressibility. The dependence of these signals on the petrophysical and structural characteristics of the probed rock mass remains largely unexplored. In this work, we derive an analytical solution to describe the seismoelectric response of a rock sample, containing a horizontal layer at its center, that is subjected to an oscillatory compressibility test. We then adapt this general solution to compute the seismoelectric signature of a particular case related to a sample that is permeated by a horizontal fracture located at its center. Analyses of the general and particular solutions are performed to study the impact of different petrophysical and structural parameters on the seismoelectric response. We find that the amplitude of the seismoelectric signal is directly proportional to the applied stress, to the Skempton coefficient contrast between the host rock and the layer, and to a weighted average of the effective excess charge of the two materials. Our results also demonstrate that the frequency at which the maximum electrical potential amplitude prevails does not depend on the applied stress or the Skempton coefficient contrast. In presence of strong permeability variations, this frequency is rather controlled by the permeability and thickness of the less permeable material. The results of this study thus indicate that seismoelectric measurements can potentially be used to estimate key mechanical and hydraulic rock properties of mesoscopic heterogeneities, such as compressibility, permeability, and fracture compliance., Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures

Published
2015
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11. Inhibition of tumor growth in vivo by in situ secretion of bispecific anti-CEA × anti-CD3 diabodies from lentivirally transduced human lymphocytes

Author

Compte, M, Blanco, B, Serrano, F, Cuesta Martínez, Ángel, Sanz, L, Bernad,A, Holliger, P, Álvarez-Vallina, L, Compte, M, Blanco, B, Serrano, F, Cuesta Martínez, Ángel, Sanz, L, Bernad,A, Holliger, P, and Álvarez-Vallina, L

Abstract

Infiltrating T lymphocytes are found in many malignancies, but they appear to be mostly anergic and do not attack the tumor, presumably because of defective T-cell activation events. Recently, we described a strategy for the tumor-specific polyclonal activation of tumor-resident T lymphocytes based on the in situ production of recombinant bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) by transfected nonhematological cell lines. Here, we have constructed a novel HIV-1-based lentiviral vector for efficient gene transduction into various human hematopoietic cell types. Several myelomonocytic and lymphocytic cell lines secreted the anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) × anti-CD3 diabody in a functionally active form with CD3+ T-cell lines being the most efficient secretors. Furthermore, primary human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) were also efficiently transduced and secreted high levels of functional diabody. Importantly gene-modified PBLs significantly reduced in vivo tumor growth rates in xenograft studies. These results demonstrate, for the first time, the utility of lentiviral vectors for sustained expression of recombinant bsAbs in human T lymphocytes. Such T lymphocytes, transduced ex vivo to secrete the activating diabody in autocrine fashion, may provide a promising route for a gene therapy strategy for solid human tumor, Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Depto. de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Fac. de Farmacia, TRUE, pub

Published
2024

18. Critical care admission following elective surgery was not associated with survival benefit: prospective analysis of data from 27 countries

Author

Kahan, Brennan C., Koulenti, Desponia, Arvaniti, Kostoula, Beavis, Vanessa, Campbell, Douglas, Chan, Matthew, Moreno, Rui, Pearse, Rupert M., Pearse, Rupert M., Beattie, Scott, Clavien, Pierre-Alain, Demartines, Nicolas, Fleisher, Lee A., Grocott, Mike, Haddow, James, Hoeft, Andreas, Holt, Peter, Moreno, Rui, Pritchard, Naomi, Rhodes, Andrew, Wijeysundera, Duminda, Wilson, Matt, Ahmed, Tahania, Everingham, Kirsty, Hewson, Russell, Januszewska, Marta, Pearse, Rupert M., Phull, Mandeep-Kaur, Halliwell, Richard, Shulman, Mark, Myles, Paul, Schmid, Werner, Hiesmayr, Michael, Wouters, Patrick, de Hert, Stefan, Lobo, Suzana, Beattie, Scott, Wijeysundera, Duminda, Fang, Xiangming, Rasmussen, Lars, Futier, Emmanuel, Biais, Matthieu, Venara, Aurélien, Slim, Karem, Sander, Michael, Koulenti, Despoina, Arvaniti, Kostoula, Chan, Mathew, Kulkarni, Atul, Chandra, Susilo, Tantri, Aida, Geddoa, Emad, Abbas, Muntadhar, Della Rocca, Giorgio, Sivasakthi, Datin, Mansor, Marzida, Luna, Pastor, Bouwman, Arthur, Buhre, Wolfgang, Beavis, Vanessa, Campbell, Douglas, Short, Tim, Osinaike, Tunde, Matos, Ricardo, Grigoras, Ioana, Kirov, Mikhail, Protsenko, Denis, Biccard, Bruce, Aldecoa, Cesar, Chew, Michelle, Hofer, Christoph, Hubner, Martin, Ditai, James, Szakmany, Tamas, Fleisher, Lee, Ferguson, Marissa, MacMahon, Michael, Shulman, Mark, Cherian, Ritchie, Currow, Helen, Kanathiban, Kathirgamanathan, Gillespie, David, Pathmanathan, Edward, Phillips, Katherine, Reynolds, Jenifer, Rowley, Joanne, Douglas, Jeanene, Kerridge, Ross, Currow, Helen, Garg, Sameer, Bennett, Michael, Jain, Megha, Alcock, David, Terblanche, Nico, Cotter, Rochelle, Leslie, Kate, Stewart, Marcelle, Zingerle, Nicolette, Clyde, Antony, Hambidge, Oliver, Rehak, Adam, Cotterell, Sharon, Binh QuanHuynh, Wilson, McCulloch, Timothy, Ben-Menachem, Erez, Egan, Thomas, Cope, Jennifer, Halliwell, Richard, Fellinger, Paul, Haselberger, Simone, Holaubek, Caroline, Lichtenegger, Paul, Scherz, Florian, Schmid, Werner, Hoffer, Franz, Cakova, Veronika, Eichwalder, Andreas, Fischbach, Norbert, Klug, Reinhold, Schneider, Elisabeth, Vesely, Martin, Wickenhauser, Reinhart, Grubmueller, Karl Gernot, Leitgeb, Marion, Lang, Friedrich, Toro, Nancy, Bauer, Marlene, Laengle, Friedrich, Mayrhofer, Thomas, Buerkle, Christian, Forstner, Karin, Germann, Reinhard, Rinoesl, Harald, Schindler, Elke, Trampitsch, Ernst, Fritsch, Gerhard, Szabo, Christian, Bidgoli, Jawad, Verdoodt, Hans, Forget, Patrice, Kahn, David, Lois, Fernande, Momeni, Mona, Prégardien, Caroline, Pospiech, Audrey, Steyaert, Arnaud, Veevaete, Laurent, De Kegel, Dirk, De Jongh, Karen, Foubert, Luc, Smitz, Carine, Vercauteren, Marcel, Poelaert, Jan, Van Mossevelde, Veerle, Abeloos, Jacques, Bouchez, Stefaan, Coppens, Marc, De Baerdemaeker, Luc, Deblaere, Isabel, De Bruyne, Ann, De Hert, Stefan, Fonck, Kristine, Heyse, Bjorn, Jacobs, Tom, Lapage, Koen, Moerman, Anneliese, Neckebroek, Martine, Parashchanka, Aliaksandra, Roels, Nathalie, Van Den Eynde, Nancy, Vandenheuvel, Michael, Van Limmen, Jurgen, Vanluchene, Ann, Vanpeteghem, Caroline, Wouters, Patrick, Wyffels, Piet, Huygens, Christel, Vandenbempt, Punitha, Van de Velde, Marc, Dylst, Dimitri, Janssen, Bruno, Schreurs, Evelien, Aleixo, Fábia Berganton, Candido, Keulle, Dias Batista, Hugo, Guimarães, Mario, Guizeline, Jaqueline, Hoffmann, João, Lobo, Suzana M., Lobo, Francisco Ricardo, Nascimento, Vinícius, Nishiyama, Katia, Pazetto, Lucas, Souza, Daniela, Souza Rodrigues, Rodrigo, Vilela dos Santos, Ana Maria, Jardim, Jaquelline, Silva, Joao, do NascimentoJunior, Paulo, Baio, Thalissa Hermínia, Pereira de Castro, Gabriel Isaac, Watanabe Oliveira, Henri Roger, Amendola, Cristina Prata, Cardoso, Gutemberg, Ortega, Daniela, Brotto, Ana Flavia, De Oliveira, Mirella Cristine, Réa-Neto, Álvaro, Dias, Fernando, Azambuja, Pedro, Knibel, Marcos Freitas, Martins, Antonio, Almeida, William, Neto, Calim Neder, Tardelli, Maria Angela, Caser, Eliana, Machado, Marcio, Aguzzoli, Crisitiano, Baldisserotto, Sérgio, Beck Tabajara, Fernanda, Bettega, Fernanda, Rodrigues Júnior, La Hore Correa, de Gasperi, Julia, Faina, Lais, Nolasco, Marcos Farias, da Costa Fischer, Bruna Ferreira, de Campos Ferreira, Mariana Fosch, Hartmann, Cristina, Kliemann, Marta, Ribeiro, Gustavo LuisHubert, Fraga, Julia Merladete, Netto, Thiago Motta, Pozza, Laura Valduga, Wendling, Paulo Rafael, Azevedo, Caroline, Garcia, Juliana, Lopes, Marcel, Maia, Bernardo, Maselli, Paula, Melo, Ralph, Mendes, Weslley, Neves, Matheus, Ney, Jacqueline, Piras, Claudio, Applewhaite, Christopher, Carr, Adrienne, Chow, Lorraine, Duttchen, Kaylene, Foglia, Julena, Greene, Michael, Hinther, Ashley, Houston, Kendra, McCormick, Thomas Jared, Mikhayel, Jennifer, Montasser, Sam, Ragan, Alex, Suen, Andrew, Woolsey, Adrianna, Yu, Hai Chuan, Funk, Duane, Kowalski, Stephen, Legaspi, Regina, McDonald, Heather, Siddiqui, Faisal, Pridham, Jeremy, Rowe, Bernadette, Sampson, Sonia, Thiessen, Barton, Zbitnew, Geoff, Bernard, Andre, George, Ronald, Jones, Philip, Moor, Rita, Siddiqui, Naveed, Wolfer, Alexandra, Tran, Diem, Winch, Denyse, Dobson, Gary, Hinther, Ashley, McCormick, Thomas, Montasser, Osama, Suen, Andrew, Woolsey, Adrianna, Bernard, Andre, George, Ronald, Hall, Richard, Bernard, Andre, George, Ronald, Hall, Richard, Applewhaite, Christopher, Baghirzada, Leyla, McCormick, Thomas Jared, Suen, Andrew, Dai, Si Yuan, Hare, Gregory, Lee, Esther, Shastri, Uma, Tsui, Albert, Yagnik, Anmol, Alvares, Danielle, Choi, Stephen, Dwyer, Heather, Flores, Kathrina, McCartney, Colin, Somascanthan, Priya, Beattie, Scott, Carroll, Jo, Pazmino-Canizares, Janneth, Wijeysundera, Duminda, Wolfer, Alexandra, Ami, Noam, Chan, Vincent, Perlas, Anahi, Argue, Ruth, Lavis, Katie, Mayson, Kelly, Cao, Ying, Gao, Hong, hu, tingju, Lv, Jie, Yang, Jian, Yang, Yang, Zhong, Yi, Zhou, Jing, Zou, Xiaohua, He, Miao, Li, Xiaoying, Luo, Dihuan, Wang, Haiying, Yu, Tian, Chen, Liyong, Wang, Lijun, Cai, Yunfei, Cao, Zhongming, Li, Yanling, Lian, Jiaxin, Sun, Haiyun, Wang, Sheng, Wang, Zhipeng, Wang, Kenru, Zhu, Yi, Du, Xindan, Fan, Hao, Fu, Yunbin, Huang, Lixia, Huang, Yanming, Hwan, Haifang, Luo, Hong, Qu, Pi-Sheng, Tao, Fan, Wang, Zhen, Wang, Guoxiang, Wang, Shun, Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Xiaolin, Chen, Chao, Wang, Weixing, Liu, Zhengyuan, Fan, Lihua, Tang, Jing, Chen, Yijun, Chen, Yongjie, Han, Yangyang, Huang, Changshun, Liang, Guojin, Shen, Jing, Wang, Jun, Yang, Qiuhong, Zhen, Jungang, Zhou, Haidong, Chen, Junping, Chen, Zhang, Li, Xiaoyu, Meng, Bo, Ye, Haiwang, Zhang, Xiaoyan, Bi, Yanbing, Cao, Jianqiao, Guo, Fengying, Lin, Hong, Liu, Yang, Lv, Meng, Shi, Pengcai, Song, Xiumei, Sun, Chuanyu, Sun, Yongtao, Wang, Yuelan, Wang, Shenhui, Zhang, Min, Chen, Rong, Hou, Jiabao, Leng, Yan, Meng, Qing-tao, Qian, Li, Shen, Zi-ying, Xia, Zhong-yuan, Xue, Rui, Zhang, Yuan, Zhao, Bo, Zhou, Xian-jin, Chen, Qiang, Guo, Huinan, Guo, Yongqing, Qi, Yuehong, Wang, Zhi, Wei, Jianfeng, Zhang, Weiwei, Zheng, Lina, Bao, Qi, Chen, Yaqiu, Chen, Yijiao, Fei, Yue, Hu, Nianqiang, Hu, Xuming, Lei, Min, Li, Xiaoqin, Lv, Xiaocui, Lv, Jie, Miao, Fangfang, Ouyang, Lingling, Qian, Lu, Shen, Conyu, Sun, Yu, Wang, Yuting, Wang, Dong, Wu, Chao, Xu, Liyuan, Yuan, Jiaqi, Zhang, Lina, Zhang, Huan, Zhang, Yapping, Zhao, Jinning, Zhao, Chong, Zhao, Lei, Zheng, Tianzhao, Zhou, Dachun, Zhou, Haiyan, Zhou, Ce, Lu, Kaizhi, Zhao, Ting, He, Changlin, Chen, Hong, Chen, Shasha, Cheng, Baoli, He, Jie, Jin, Lin, Li, Caixia, Li, Hui, Pan, Yuanming, Shi, Yugang, Wen, Xiao Hong, Wu, Shuijing, Xie, Guohao, Zhang, Kai, Zhao, Bing, Lu, Xianfu, Chen, Feifei, Liang, Qisheng, Lin, Xuewu, Ling, Yunzhi, Liu, Gang, Tao, Jing, Yang, Lu, Zhou, Jialong, Chen, Fumei, Feng, Yunlin, Hou, Benchao, Lin, Jiamei, Liu, Mei, Luo, Foquan, Shi, Xiaoyun, Xiong, Yingfen, Xu, Lin, Yang, Shuangjia, Zhang, Qin, Zhang, Huaigen, Zhao, Weihong, Zhao, Weilu, Bai, Yun, Chen, Linbi, Chen, Sijia, Dai, Qinxue, Geng, Wujun, Han, Kunyuan, He, Xin, Huang, Luping, Ji, Binbin, Jia, Danyun, Jin, Shenhui, Li, Qianjun, Liang, Dongdong, Luo, Shan, Lwang, Lulu, Mo, Yunchang, Pan, Yuanyuan, Qi, Xinyu, Qian, Meizi, Qin, Jinling, Ren, Yelong, Shi, Yiyi, Wang, Junlu, Wang, Junkai, Wang, Leilei, Xie, Junjie, Yan, Yixiu, Yao, Yurui, Zhang, Mingxiao, Zhao, Jiashi, Zhuang, Xiuxiu, Ai, Yanqiu, Du, Fang, He, Long, Huang, Ledan, Li, Zhisong, Li, Huijuan, Li, Yetong, Li, Liwei, Meng, Su, Yuan, Yazhuo, Zhang, Enman, Zhang, Jie, Zhao, Shuna, Ji, Zhenrong, Pei, Ling, Wang, Li, Chen, Chen, Dong, Beibei, Li, Jing, Miao, Ziqiang, Mu, Hongying, Qin, Chao, Su, Lin, Wen, Zhiting, Xie, Keliang, Yu, Yonghao, Yuan, Fang, Hu, Xianwen, Zhang, Ye, Xiao, Wangpin, Zhu, Zhipeng, Dai, Qingqing, Fu, Kaiwen, Hu, Rong, Hu, Xiaolan, Huang, Song, Li, Yaqi, Liang, Yingping, Yu, Shuchun, Guo, Zheng, Jing, Yan, Tang, Na, Wu, Jie, Yuan, Dajiang, Zhang, Ruilin, Zhao, Xiaoying, Li, Yuhong, Bai, Hui-Ping, Liu, Chun-Xiao, Liu, Fei-Fei, Ren, Wei, Wang, Xiu-Li, Xu, Guan-Jie, Hu, Na, Li, Bo, Ou, Yangwen, Tang, Yongzhong, Yao, Shanglong, Zhang, Shihai, Kong, Cui-Cui, Liu, Bei, Wang, Tianlong, Xiao, Wei, Lu, Bo, Xia, Yanfei, Zhou, Jiali, Cai, Fang, Chen, Pushan, Hu, Shuangfei, Wang, Hongfa, Wu, Jie, Xu, Qiong, Hu, Liu, Jing, Liang, Li, Jing, Li, Bin, Liu, Qiang, Liu, Yuejiang, Lu, Xinjian, Peng, Zhen Dan, Qiu, Xiaodong, Ren, Quan, Tong, Youliang, Wang, Zhen, Wang, Jin, Wen, Yazhou, Wu, Qiong, Xia, Jiangyan, Xie, Jue, Xiong, Xiapei, Xu, Shixia, Yang, Tianqin, Ye, Hui, Yin, Ning, Yuan, Jing, Zeng, Qiuting, Zhang, Baoling, Zheng, Kang, Cang, Jing, Chen, Shiyu, Du, Fang, Fan, Yu, Fu, Shuying, Ge, Xiaodong, Guo, Baolei, Huang, Wenhui, Jiang, Linghui, Jiang, Xinmei, Jin, Lin, Liu, Yi, Pan, Yan, Ren, Yun, Shan, Qi, Wang, Jiaxing, Wang, Fei, Wu, Chi, Zhang, Xiaoguang, Christiansen, Ida Cecilie, Granum, Simon Nørgaard, Rasmussen, Bodil Steen, Daugaard, Morten, Gambhir, Rajiv, Steingrímsdóttir, Guðný Erla, Jensen-Gadegaard, Peter, Olsen, Karsten Skovgaard, Siegel, Hanna, Zwicky Eskildsen, Katrine, Gätke, Mona Ring, Wibrandt, Ida, Heintzelmann, Simon Bisgaard, Lange, Kai Henrik Wiborg, Lundsgaard, Rune Sarauw, Amstrup-Hansen, Louise, Hovendal, Claus, Larsen, Michael, Lenstrup, Mette, Kobborg, Tina, Larsen, Jens Rolighed, Pedersen, Anette Barbre, Larsen, Jens Rolighed, Smith, Søren Hübertz, Oestervig, Rebecca Monett, Rasmussen, Lars, Afshari, Arash, Andersen, Cheme, Ekelund, Kim, Secher, Erik Lilja, Brandsborg, Birgitte, Beloeil, Helene, Lasocki, Sigismond, Venara, Aurélien, Biais, Matthieu, Ouattara, Alexandre, Sineus, Marlene, Molliex, Serge, Legouge, Marie Lim, Wallet, Florent, Tesniere, Antoine, Gaudin, Christophe, Lehur, Paul, Forsans, Emma, de Rudnicki, Stéphane, Serra Maudet, Valerie, Mutter, Didier, Sojod, Ghassan, Ouaissi, Mehdi, Regimbeau, Jean-Marc, Futier, Emmanuel, Desbordes, Jacques, Comptaer, Nicolas, elManser, Diae, Ethgen, Sabine, Lebuffe, Gilles, Auer, Patrick, Härtl, Christine, Deja, Maria, Legashov, Kirill, Sonnemann, Susanne, Wiegand-Loehnert, Carola, Falk, Elke, Habicher, Marit, Angermair, Stefan, Laetsch, Beatrix, Schmidt, Katrin, Sonnemann, Susanne, Von Heymann, Christian, Ramminger, Axel, Jelschen, Florian, Pabel, Svenja, Weyland, Andreas, Czeslick, Elke, Gille, Jochen, Malcharek, Michael, Sablotzki, Armin, Lueke, Katharina, Wetzel, Peter, Weimann, Joerg, Lenhart, Franz-Peter, Reichle, Florian, Schirmer, Frederike, Hüppe, Michael, Klotz, Karl, Nau, Carla, Schön, Julika, Mencke, Thomas, Wasmund, Christina, Bankewitz, Carla, Baumgarten, Georg, Fleischer, Andreas, Guttenthaler, Vera, Hack, Yvonne, Hoeft, Andreas, Kirchgaessner, Katharina, Männer, Olja, Schurig-Urbaniak, Marlen, Struck, Rafael, vanZyl, Rebekka, Wittmann, Maria, Goebel, Ulrich, Harris, Sarah, Veit, Siegfried, Andreadaki, Evangelia, Souri, Flora, Katsiadramis, Ioannis, Skoufi, Anthi, Vasileiou, Maria, Aimoniotou-Georgiou, Eleni, Katsourakis, Anastasios, Veroniki, Fotini, Vlachogianni, Glyceria, Petra, Konstantina, Chlorou, Dimitra, Oloktsidou, Eirini, Ourailoglou, Vasileios, Papapostolou, Konstantinos, Tsaousi, Georgia, Daikou, Panagoula, Dedemadi, Georgia, Kalaitzopoulos, Ioannis, Loumpias, Christos, Bristogiannis, Sotirios, Dafnios, Nikolaos, Gkiokas, Georgios, Kontis, Elissaios, Kozompoli, Dimitra, Papailia, Aspasia, Theodosopoulos, Theodosios, Bizios, Christol, Koutsikou, Anastasia, Moustaka, Aleaxandra, Plaitakis, Ioannis, Armaganidis, Apostolos, Christodoulopoulou, Theodora, Lignos, Mihail, Theodorakopoulou, Maria, Asimakos, Andreas, Ischaki, Eleni, Tsagkaraki, Angeliki, Zakynthinos, Spyros, Antoniadou, Eleni, Koutelidakis, Ioannis, Lathyris, Dimitrios, Pozidou, Irene, Voloudakis, Nikolaos, Dalamagka, Maria, Gkonezou, Elena, Chronis, Christos, Manolakaki, Dimitra, Mosxogiannidis, Dimitris, Slepova, Tatiana, Tsakiridou, Isaia–sissy, Lampiri, Claire Lampiri, Vachlioti, Anastasia Vachlioti, Panagiotakis, Christos Panagiotakis, Sfyras, Dimitrios Sfyras, Tsimpoukas, FotiosTsimpoukas, Tsirogianni, Athanasia, Axioti, Elena, Filippopoulos, Andreas, Kalliafa, Elli, Kassavetis, George, Katralis, Petros, Komnos, Ioannis, Pilichos, Georgios, Ravani, Ifigenia, Totis, Antonis, Apagaki, Eymorfia, Efthymiadi, Andromachi, Kampagiannis, Nikolaos, Paraforou, Theoniki, Tsioka, Agoritsa, Georgiou, Georgios, Vakalos, Aristeidis, Bairaktari, Aggeliki, Charitos, Efthimios, Markou, George, Niforopoulou, Panagiota, Papakonstantinou, Nikolaos, Tsigou, Evdoxia, Xifara, Archontoula, Zoulamoglou, Menelaos, Gkioni, Panagiota, Karatzas, Stylianos, Kyparissi, Aikaterini, Mainas, Efstratios, Papapanagiotou, Ioannis, Papavasilopoulou, Theonymfi, Fragandreas, George, Georgopoulou, Eleni, Katsika, Eleni, Psarras, Kyriakos, Synekidou, Eirini, Verroiotou, Maria, Vetsiou, Evangelia, Zaimi, Donika, Anagnou, Athina, Apostolou, Konstantinos, Melissopoulou, Theodora, Rozenberg, Theophilos, Tsigris, Christos, Boutsikos, Georgios, Kalles, Vasileios, Kotsalas, Nikolaos, Lavdaiou, Christina, Paikou, Fotini, Panagou, Georgia-Laura, Spring, Anna, Arvaniti, Kostoula, Botis, Ioannis, Drimala, Maria, Georgakakis, Georgios, Kiourtzieva, Ellada, Ntouma, Panagiota, Prionas, Apostolos, Xouplidis, Kyriakos, Dalampini, Eleftheria, Giannaki, Chrysavgi, Iasonidou, Christina, Ioannidis, Orestis, Lavrentieva, Athina, Lavrentieva, Athena, Papageorgiou, George, Kokkinoy, Maria, Stafylaraki, Maria, Gaitanakis, Stylianos, Karydakis, Periclis, Paltoglou, Josef, Ponireas, Panagiotis, Chaloulis, Panagiotis, Provatidis, Athanasios, Sousana, Anisoglou, Gardikou, Varvara Vanessa, Konstantivelli, Maria, Lataniotou, Olga, Lisari, Elisavet, Margaroni, Maria, Stamatiou, Konstantinos, Nikolaidis, Edouardos, Pnevmatikos, Ioannis, Sertaridou, Eleni, Andreou, Alexandros, Arkalaki, Eleni, Athanasakis, Elias, Chaniotaki, Fotini, Chatzimichali, Aikaterini, Christofaki, Maria, Dermitzaki, Despina, Fiorentza, Klara, Frantzeskos, Georgios, Geromarkaki, Elisavet, Kafkalaki, Kalliopi, Kalogridaki, Marina, Karydi, Konstyllia, Kokkini, Sofia, Kougentakis, Georgios, Lefaki, Tatiana, Lilitsis, Emmanouhl, Makatounaki, Aikaterini, Malliotakis, Polychronis, Michelakis, Dimosthenis, Neonaki, Maria, Nyktari, Vasileia, Palikyra, Iliana, Papadakis, Eleftherios, Papaioannou, Alexandra, Sfakianakis, Konstantinos, Sgouraki, Maria, Souvatzis, Xenia, Spartinou, Anastasia, Stefanidou, Nefeli, Syrogianni, Paulina, Tsagkaraki, Georgia, Arnaoutoglou, Elena, Arnaoutoglou, Christina, Bali, Christina, Bouris, Vasilios, Doumos, Rodamanthos, Gkini, Konstantia-Paraskevi, Kapaktsi, Clio, Koulouras, Vasilios, Lena, Arian, Lepida, Dimitra, Michos, Evangelos, Papadopoulos, Dimitrios, Paschopoulos, Minas, Rompou, Vaia Aliki, Siouti, Ioanna, Tsampalas, Stavros, Ververidou, Ourania, Zilis, Georgios, Charlalampidoy, Alexandra, Christodoulidis, Gregory, Flossos, Andreas, Stamoulis, Konstantinos, Chan, Matthew, Tsang, Man Shing Caleb, Tsang, Man Shing, Lai, Man Ling, Yip, Chi Pang, Chan, Hey Man Heymans, Law, Bassanio, Li, Wing Sze, Chu, Hiu Man, Koo, Emily Gar Yee, Lam, Chi Cheong Joe, Cheng, Ka Ho, Chan, Matthew, Lam, Tracy, Chu, Susanna, Lai, Man Ling, Lam, Wing Yan, Wong, Kin Wai Kevin, Kwok, Dilys, Hung, Ching Yue Janice, Chan, Wai Kit Jacky, LamWong, Wing, Chung, Chun Kwong Eric, Lai, Man Ling, Ma, ShuKai, Kaushik, Shuchi, Shah, Bhagyesh, Shah, Dhiren, Shah, Sanjay, Ar, Praburaj, Muthuchellappan, Radhakrishnan, Agarwal, Vandana, Divatia, Jigeeshu, Kulkarni, Atul, Mishra, Sanghamitra, Nimje, Ganesh, Pande, Swati, Savarkar, Sukhada, Shrivastava, Aditi, Thomas, Martin, Yegnaram, Shashikant, Hidayatullah, Rahmat, Chandra, Susilo, Tantri, Aida, Puar, Nasman, Niman, Sumara, Indra, Imai, Hamzah, Zulkarnain, Yuliana, Annika, Abidin, Ucu Nurhadiat, Dursin, Ade Nurkacan, Kurnia, Andri, Susanti, Ade, Handayani, Dini, Aribawa, Mahaalit Alit, Arya, Aryabiantara, Senapathi, Tjokorda Gde Agung, Utara, Utara Hartawan, Wid, Widnyana Made, Wima, Semarawima, Wir, Wiryana Made, Jehosua, Brillyan, Kaunang, Jonathan, Lantang, Eka Yudha, Najoan, Rini, Waworuntu, Neil, Awad, Hadi, Fuad, Akram, Geddoa, Emad, 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Tsakok, Maria, Tsiligiannis, Sophia, Peat, William, Stephenson, Lorraine, Bradburn, Mike, Pick, Sara, Cunha, Pedro, Olagbaiye, Olufemi, Tayeh, Salim, Abernethy, Caroline, Balasubramaniam, Madhu, Bennett, Rachael, Bolton, David, Martinson, Victoria, Naylor, Charde, Smith, Neil, Bell, Stephanie, Heather, Blaylock, Kushakovsky, Vlad, Alcock, Liam, Alexander, Hazel, Anderson, Colette, Baker, Paul, Brookes, Morag, Cawthorn, Louise, Cirstea, Emanuel, Colling, Kerry, Coulter, Ian, Das, Suparna, Haigh, Kathryn, Hamdan, Alhafidz, Hugill, Keith, Kottam, Lucksy, Lisseter, Emily, Mawdsley, Matthew, McGivern, Julie, Padala, Krishnaveni, Phelps, Victoria, kumar, Vineshykaa Ramesh, Stewart, Kirsten, Towse, Kayley, Tregonning, Julie, Vahedi, Ali, Walker, Alycon, Baines, Duncan, Bilolikar, Anjali, Chande, Shiv, Copley, Edward, Dunk, Nigel, Kulkarni, Raghavendra, Kumar, Pawan, Metodiev, Yavor, Ncomanzi, Dumisani, Raithatha, Bhavesh, Raymode, Parizade, Szafranski, Jan, Twohey, Linda, Watt, Philip, Weatherall, Lucie, Weatherill, J., Whitman, Zoe, Wighton, Elinor, Abayasinghe, Chamika, Chan, Alexander, Darwish, Sharif, Gill, James, Glasgow, Emma, Hadfield, Daniel, Harris, Clair, Kochhar, Arun, Mellis, Clare, Pool, Andrew, Riozzi, Paul, Selman, Andrew, Smith, Emma-Jane, Vele, Liana, Gercek, Yuksel, Guy, Kramer, Holden, Douglas, Watson, Nicholas, Whysall, Karen, Andreou, Prematie, Hales, Dawn, Thompson, Jonathan, Bowrey, Sarah, McDonald, Shara, Thompson, Jonathan, Gilmore, Jemma, Hills, Vicky, Kelly, Chan, Kelly, Sinead, Lloyd, Geraint, Abbott, Tom, Gall, Lewis, Torrance, Hew, Vivian, Mark, Berntsen, Emer, Nolan, Tracey, Turner, Angus, Vohra, Akbar, Brown, Andrew, Clark, Richard, Coughlan, Elaine, Daniel, Conway, Patvardhan, Chinmay, Pearson, Rachel, Predeep, Sheba, Saad, Hesham, Shanmugam, Mohanakrishnan, Varley, Simon, Vohra, Akbar, Wylie, Katharine, Cooper, Lucy, Makowski, Arystarch, Misztal, Beata, Moldovan, Eliza, Pegg, Claire, Donovan, Andrew, Foot, Jayne, Large, Simon, Claxton, Andrew, Netke, Bhagyashree, Armstrong, Richard, Calderwood, Claire, Kwok, Andy, Mohr, Otto, Oyeniyi, Peter, Patnaik, Lisa, Post, Benjamin, Ali, Sarah, Arshad, Homa, Baker, Gerard, Brenner, Laura, Brincat, Maximilian, Brunswicker, Annemarie, Cox, Hannah, Cozar, Octavian Ionut, Durst, Alexander, Fengas, Lior, Flatt, Jim, Glister, Georgina, Narwani, Vishal, Photi, Evangelos, Rankin, Adeline, Rosbergen, Melissa, Tan, Mark, Beaton, Ceri, Horn, Rachel, Hunt, Jane, Rousseau, Guy, Stancombe, Lucia, Absar, Mohammed, Allsop, Joanne, Drinkwater, Zoe, Hodgkiss, Tracey, Smith, Kirsty, Brown, Jamie, Pick, Sara, Alexander-Sefre, Farhad, Campey, Lorraine, Dudgeon, Lucy, Hall, Kathryn, Hitchcock, Rachael, James, Lynne, Smith, Kate, Winstone, Ulrika, Ahmad, Norfaizan, Bauchmuller, Kris, Harrison, Jonathan, Jeffery, Holly, Miller, Duncan, Pinder, Angela, Pothuneedi, Sailaja, Rosser, Jonathan, Sanghera, Sumayer, Swift, Diane, Walker, Rachel, Bester, Delia, Cavanagh, Sarah, Cripps, Heather, Daniel, Harvey, Lynch, Julie, Paton, Alison, Pyke, Shirley, Scholefield, John, Whitworth, Helen, Bottrill, Fiona, Ramalingam, Ganesh, Webb, Stephen, Akerman, Nik, Antill, Philip, Bourner, Lynsey, Buckley, Sarah, Castle, Gail, Charles, Rob, Eggleston, Christopher, Foster, Rebecca, Gill, Satwant, Lindley, Kate, Lklouk, Mohamed, Lowery, Tracey, Martin, Oliver, Milne, David, O’Connor, Patrick, Ratcliffe, Andrew, Rose, Alastair, Simeson, Karen, Smith, Annie, Varma, Sandeep, Ward, Jackie, Simeson, Karen, Barcraft-Barnes, Helena, Camsooksai, Julie, Colvin, Carolyn, Reschreiter, Henrik, Tbaily, Lee, Venner, Nicola, Hamilton, Caroline, Kelly, Lewis, Toth-Tarsoly, Piroska, Dodsworth, Kerry, Foord, Denise, Gordon, Paul, Hawes, Elizabeth, Lamb, Nikki, Mouland, Johanna, Nightingale, Jeremy, Rose, Steve, Schrieber, Joe, Al ‘Amri, Khalid, Aladin, Hafiz, Arshad, Mohammed Asif, Barraclough, James, Bentley, Conor, Bergin, Colin, Carrera, Ronald, Clarkson, Aisling, Collins, Michelle, Cooper, Lauren, Denham, Samuel, Griffiths, Ewen, Ip, Peter, Jeyanthan, Somasundaram, Joory, Kavita, Kaur, Satwant, Marriott, Paul, Mitchell, Natalie, Nagaiah, Sukumar, Nilsson, Annette, Parekh, Nilesh, Pope, Martin, Seager, Joseph, Serag, Hosam, Tameem, Alifia, Thomas, Anna, Thunder, Joanne, Torrance, Andrew, Vohra, Ravinder, whitehouse, Arlo, Wong, Tony, Blunt, Mark, Wong, Kate, Giles, Julian, Reed, Isabelle, Weller, Debbie, Bell, Gillian, Birch, Julie, Damant, Rose, Maiden, Jane, Mewies, Clare, Prince, Claire, Radford, Jane, Balain, Birender, Banerjee, Robin, Barnett, Andrew, Burston, Ben, Davies, Kirsty, Edwards, Jayne, Evans, Chris, Ford, David, Gallacher, Pete, Hill, Simon, Jaffray, David, Karlakki, Sudheer, Kelly, Cormac, Kennedy, Julia, Kiely, Nigel, Lewthwaite, Simon, Marquis, Chris, Ockendon, Matthew, Phillips, Stephen, Pickard, Simon, Richardson, James, Roach, Richard, Smith, Tony, Spencer-Jones, Richard, Steele, Niall, Steen, Julie, Van Liefland, Marck, White, Steve, Faulds, Matthew, Harris, Meredyth, Kelly, Carrie, Nicol, Scott, Pearson, Sally Anne, Chukkambotla, Srikanth, Andrew, Alyson, Attrill, Elizabeth, Campbell, Graham, Datson, Amanda, Fouracres, Anna, Graterol, Juan, Graves, Lynne, Hong, Bosun, Ishimaru, Alexander, Karthikeyan, Arvind, King, Helen, Lawson, Tom, Lee, Gregory, Lyons, Saoirse, Macalister Hall, Andrew, Mathoulin, Sophie, Mcintyre, Eilidh, Mclaughlin, Danny, Mulcahy, Kathleen, Ratcliffe, Anna, Robbins, James, Sung, Weilin, Tayo, Adeoluwa, Trembath, Lisa, Venugopal, Suneetha, Walker, Robert, Wigmore, Geoffrey, Boereboom, Catherine, Downes, Charlotte, Humphries, Ryan, Melbourne, Susan, Smith, Coral, Tou, Samson, Ullah, Shafa, Batchelor, Nick, Boxall, Leigh, Broomby, Rupert, Deen, Tariq, Hellewell, Alistair, Helliwell, Laurence, Hutchings, Melanie, Hutchins, David, Keenan, Samantha, Mackie, Donna, Donna, Alison, Smith, Frances, Stone, Lucy, Thorpe, Kevin, Wassall, Richard, Woodgate, Andrew, Baillie, Shelley, Campbell, Tara, James, Sarah, King, Chris, Marques de Araujo, Daniela, Martin, Daniel, Morkane, Clare, Neely, Julia, Rajendram, Rajkumar, Burton, Megan, James, Kathryn, Keevil, Edward, Minik, Orsolya, Morgan, Jenna, Musgrave, Anna, Rajanna, Harish, Roberts, Tracey, Szakmany, Tamas, Adamson, Michael, Jumbe, Sandra, Kendall, Jennie, Muthuswamy, Mohan Babu, Anderson, Charlotte, Cruikshanks, Andrew, Pothuneedi, Sailaja, Walker, Rachel, Wrench, Ian, Zeidan, Lisa, Ardern, Diane, Harris, Benjamin, Hellstrom, Johanna, Martin, Jane, Thomas, Richard, Varsani, Nimu, Wrey Brown, Caroline, Docherty, Philip, Gillies, Michael, McGregor, Euan, Usher, Helen, Craig, Jayne, Smith, Andrew, Ahmad, Tahania, Bodger, Phoebe, Creary, Thais, Everingham, Kirsty, Fowler, Alexander, Hewson, Russ, Ijuo, Eke, Januszewska, Marta, Jones, Timothy, Kantsedikas, Ilya, Lahiri, Sumitra, McLean, Aaron Lawson, Niebrzegowska, Edyta, Phull, Mandeep, Wang, Difei, Wickboldt, Nadine, Baldwin, Jacqueline, Doyle, Donna, Mcmullan, Sean, Oladapo, Michelle, Owen, Thomas, Tripathi, Shiva, Williams, Alexandra, Daniel, Hull, Gregory, Peter, Husain, Tauqeer, Kirk-Bayley, Justin, Mathers, Edward, Montague, Laura, White, Stuart, Avis, Joanne, Cook, Tim, Dali-Kemmery, Lola, Kerslake, Ian, Lambourne, Victoria, Pearson, Annabel, Boyd, Christine, Callaghan, Mark, Lawson, Cathy, McCrossan, Roopa, Nesbitt, Vanessa, O’connor, Laura, Scott, Julia, Sinclair, Rhona, Farid, Nahla, Morgese, Ciro, Bhatia, Kailash, Karmarkar, Swati, Vohra, Akbar, Ahmed, Jamil, Branagan, Graham, Hutton, Monica, Swain, Andrew, Brookes, Jamie, Cornell, Jonathan, Dolan, Rachael, Hulme, Jonathan, Jansen van Vuuren, Amanda, Jowitt, Tom, Kalashetty, Gunasheela, Lloyd, Fran, Patel, Kiran, Sherwood, Nicholas, Brown, Lynne, Chandler, Ben, Deighton, Kerry, Emma, Temlett, Haunch, Kirsty, Cheeseman, Michelle, Dent, Kathy, Garg, Sanjeev, Gray, Carol, Hood, Marion, Jones, Dawn, Juj, Joanne, Mitra, Atideb, Rao, Roshan, Walker, Tara, Al Anizi, Mashel, Cheah, Clarissa, Cheing, Yushio, Coutinho, Francisco, Gondo, Prisca, Hadebe, Bernard, Onie Hove, Mazvangu, khader, Ahamed, Krishnachetty, Bobby, Rhodes, Karen, Sokhi, Jagdish, Baker, Katie-Anne, Bertram, Wendy, Looseley, Alex, Mouton, Ronelle, Arnold, Glenn, Arya, Shobhit, Balfoussia, Danai, Baxter, Linden, Harris, James, Jones, Craig, Knaggs, Alison, Markar, Sheraz, Perera, Anisha, Scott, Alasdair, Shida, Asako, Sirha, Ravneet, Wright, Sally, Frost, Victoria, Gray, Catherine, MacGregor, Mark, Andrews, Emma, Arrandale, Lindsay, Barrett, Stephen, Bidd, Heena, Cifra, Elna, Cooper, Mariese, Dragnea, Dragos, Elna, Cifra, Maclean, Jennifer, Meier, Sonja, Milliken, Donald, Munns, Christopher, Ratanshi, Nadir, Salvana, Abegail, Watson, Anthony, Ali, Hani, Campbell, Gill, Critchley, Rebecca, Hicks, Catherine, Liddle, Alison, Pass, Marc, Ritchie, Charlotte, Thomas, Charlotte, Too, Lingxi, Welsh, Sarah, Gill, Talvinder, Johnson, Joanne, Reed, Joanne, Davis, Edward, Papadopoullos, Sam, Attwood, Clare, Biffen, Andrew, Boulton, Kerenza, Gray, Sophie, Hay, David, Mills, Sarah, Montgomery, Jane, Riddell, Rory, Simpson, James, Bhardwaj, Neeraj, Paul, Elaine, Uwubamwen, Nosakhare, Vohra, Akbar, Berntsen, Emer, Nolan, Tracey, Turner, Angus, Alexander, Maini, Arrich, James, Arumugam, Swarna, Blackwood, Douglas, Boggiano, Victoria, Brown, Robyn, Lam Chan, Yik, Chatterjee, Devnandan, Chhabra, Ashok, Christian, Rachel, Costelloe, Hannah, CoxwellMatthewman, Madeline, Dalton, Emma, Darko, Julia, Davari, Maria, Dave, Tejal, Deacon, Matthew, Deepak, Shantal, Edmond, Holly, Ellis, Jessica, El-Sayed, Ahmed, Eneje, Philip, English, Rose, Ewe, Renee, Foers, William, Franklin, John, Gallego, Laura, Garrett, Emily, Goldberg, Olivia, Goss, Harry, Greaves, Rosanna, Harris, Rudy, Hennings, Charles, Jones, Eleanor, Kamali, Nelson, Kokkinos, Naomi, Lewis, Carys, Lignos, Leda, Malgapo, Evaleen Victoria, Malik, Rizwana, Milne, Andrew, Mulligan, John-Patrick, Nicklin, Philippa, Palipane, Natasha, Parsons, Thomas, Piper, Rebecca, Prakash, Rohan, Ramesh, Byron, Rasip, Sarah, Reading, Jacob, Rela, Mariam, Reyes, Anna, Robert, Stephens, Rooms, Martin, Shah, Karishma, Simons, Henry, Solanki, Shalil, Spowart, Emma, Stevens, Amy, Thomas, Christopher, Waggett, Helena, Yassaee, Arrash, Kennedy, Anthony, Scott, Sara, Somanath, Sameer, Berg, Andrew, Hernandez, Miguel, Nanda, Rajesh, Tank, Ghanshyambhai, Wilson, Natalie, Wilson, Debbie, Al-Soudaine, Yassr, Baldwin, Matthew, Cornish, Julie, Davies, Zoe, Davies, Leigh, Edwards, Marc, Frewer, Natasha, Gallard, Sian, Glasbey, James, Harries, Rhiannon, Hopkins, Luke, Kim, Taeyang, Koompirochana, Vilavan, Lawson, Simon, Lewis, Megan, Makzal, Zaid, Scourfield, Sarah, Ahmad, Yousra, Bates, Sarah, Blackwell, Clare, Bryant, Helen, Coulter, Suzanne, Cruickshank, Ross, Daniel, Sonya, Daubeny, Thomas, Edwards, Mark, Golder, Kim, Hawkins, Lesley, Helen, Bryant, Hinxman, Honor, Levett, Denny, Skinner, Ben, Walsgrove, Joseph, Bradburn, Mike, Dickson, Jane, Constantin, Kathryn, Karen, Markwell, O’Brien, Peter, O’Donohoe, Lynn, Payne, Hannah, Sundayi, Saul, Walker, Elaine, Brooke, Jenny, Cardy, Jon, Humphreys, Sally, Kessack, Laura, Kubitzek, Christiane, Kumar, Suhas, Cotterill, Donna, Hodzovic, Emil, Hosdurga, Gurunath, Miles, Edward, Saunders, Glenn, Campbell, Marta, Chan, Peter, Jemmett, Kim, Raj, Ashok, Naik, Aditi, Ramamoorthy, Rajarajan, Shah, Nimesh, Sylvan, Axel, Blyth, Katharine, Burtenshaw, Andrew, Freeman, David, Johnson, Emily, Lo, Philip, Martin, Terry, Plunkett, Emma, Wollaston, Julie, Allison, Joanna, Carroll, Christine, Craw, Nicholas, Craw, Sarah, Pitt-Kerby, Tressy, Rowland-Axe, Rebecca, Spurdle, Katie, McDonald, Andrew, Simon, Davies, Sinha, Vivek, Smith, Thomas, Banner-Goodspeed, Valerie, Boone, Myles, Campbell, Kathleen, Lu, Fengxin, Scannell, Joseph, Sobol, Julia, Balajonda, Naraida, Clemmons, Karen, Conde, Carlos, Funk, Bonita, Hall, Roger, Hopkins, Thomas, Olaleye, Omowunmi, Omer, Omer, Pender, Michelle, Porto, Angelo, Stevens, Alice, Waweru, Peter, Yeh, Erlinda, Bodansky, Daniella, Evans, Adam, Kleopoulos, Steven, Maril, Robert, Mathney, Edward, Sanchez, Angela, Tinuoye, Elizabeth, Bateman, Brian, Eng, Kristen, Jiang, Ning, Ladha, Karim, Needleman, Joseph, Chen, Lee-lynn, Chen, Lee-lynn, Lane, Rondall, Robinowitz, David, Ghushe, Neil, Irshad, Mariam, Patel, Samir, Takemoto, Steven, Wallace, Art, Mazzeffi, Michael, Rock, Peter, Wallace, Karin, Zhu, Xiaomao, Chua, Pandora, Fleisher, Lee, Mattera, Matthew, Sharar, Rebecca, Thilen, Stephan, Treggiari, Miriam, Morgan, Angela, Sofjan, Iwan, Subramaniam, Kathirvel, Avidan, Michael, Maybrier, Hannah, Muench, Maxwell, Wildes, Troy, and The International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS) group

Published
2017
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19. Prestack Least-Squares Reverse Time Migration With an Exact Adjoint Operator for Ground-Penetrating Radar

Author

Xu, Linan, Irving, James, and Holliger, Klaus

Abstract

This study develops prestack least-squares reverse time migration (LSRTM) for high-resolution ground-penetrating radar (GPR) imaging and compares its performance to standard RTM. We use the Born approximation to derive the LSRTM forward operator and we use matrix operations to determine its exact adjoint. Tests on synthetic data confirm that LSRTM outperforms both prestack and poststack RTM in terms of resolution and thus significantly improves the visibility of fine-scale structures. Furthermore, the exact adjoint operator is shown to facilitate faster convergence and lead to a lower data misfit. Although LSRTM entails higher computational costs than standard RTM, we demonstrate that accelerated computing with graphic processing unit (GPU) devices can make it remarkably affordable for 2-D GPR imaging, thereby opening avenues for future applications in 3-D.

Published
2024
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20. Normal and Shear Compliance Estimation for Inclined Fractures Using Full-Waveform Sonic Log Data

Author

Zhou, Zhenya, Caspari, Eva, Barbosa, Nicolas D., and Holliger, Klaus

Abstract

In this work, we propose a phase delay approach to estimate the normal and shear fracture compliances utilizing refracted P- and S-waves from full-waveform sonic (FWS) log data generated by a monopole transmitter in a fluid-filled borehole. We derive analytical plane-wave expressions of fracture-induced P- and S-wave phase time delays for inclined compliant fractures, based on which an inversion scheme to infer fracture compliances is built. A parametric test demonstrates that, for realistic fracture compliance values from ${10}^{-14}$ to ${10}^{-11}$ m/Pa, the proposed method is capable of inferring accurate normal and shear compliance estimates for individual fractures with inclinations up to ${\sim }89^{\circ }$ . The applicability of the plane-wave technique to refracted waves in FWS experiments is validated by performing numerical wave propagation simulations for a fluid-filled borehole in a hard-rock environment embedding an inclined fracture. Finally, we apply the method to FWS data acquired in the Bedretto Underground Laboratory for Geosciences and Geoenergies (BULGG) in Switzerland along a borehole intersected by a fracture inclined at 71° in a granitic formation. The inferred normal and shear compliances are $(4.20\pm 0.93) {}\times {}{10}^{-13}$ and $(2.96\pm 1.42) {}\times {}{10}^{-13}$ m/Pa, respectively. These values are realistic given the effective fracture scale sensed by refracted sonic waves and consistent with previously reported results for normal compliance of the same fracture. Both the numerical and field experiments show that the accuracy of shear compliance estimates is much more susceptible to fracture inclination than that of normal compliance, thus, underlining the necessity of taking fracture inclination into account for reliable shear compliance estimates.

Published
2024
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26. Weighted Diffraction-Based Migration Velocity Analysis of Common-Offset GPR Reflection Data

Author

Liu, Yu, Irving, James, and Holliger, Klaus

Abstract

Migration focusing analysis of diffractions is an increasingly important tool for estimating the large-scale subsurface velocity structure from surface-based common-offset ground-penetrating radar (GPR) reflection data. We present a weighting strategy, whose aim is to improve the reliability of estimations of the root-mean-square (rms) velocity obtained using a local semblance focusing measure. In this regard, we increase the resolution of the inferred semblance spectra through a weighting function that varies in accordance with the sensitivity of a diffraction curve to changes in velocity. The weighting function is derived from coherency and slope attributes of the diffracted wavefield components. To demonstrate the viability of our proposed method, we consider its application in two synthetic test cases and one field GPR dataset. Compared with conventional unweighted local semblance spectra, their weighted counterparts allow for a significantly increased resolution and correspondingly reduced picking uncertainty.

Published
2023
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27. TgoT_6G12 Ternary complex

Author

Samson, C., primary, Legrand, P., additional, Tekpinar, M., additional, Rozenski, J., additional, Abramov, M., additional, Holliger, P., additional, Pinheiro, V., additional, Herdewijn, P., additional, and Delarue, M., additional

Published
2021
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28. TgoT_6G12 binary with 2 hCTPs

Author

Samson, C., primary, Legrand, P., additional, Tekpinar, M., additional, Rozenski, J., additional, Abramov, M., additional, Holliger, P., additional, Pinheiro, V., additional, Herdewijn, P., additional, and Delarue, M., additional

Published
2020
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29. TgoT_6G12 Binary complex

Author

Samson, C., primary, Legrand, P., additional, Tekpinar, M., additional, Rozenski, J., additional, Abramov, M., additional, Holliger, P., additional, Pinheiro, V., additional, Herdewijn, P., additional, and Delarue, M., additional

Published
2020
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30. TgoT_6G12 apo

Author

Samson, C., primary, Legrand, P., additional, Tekpinar, M., additional, Rozenski, J., additional, Abramov, M., additional, Holliger, P., additional, Pinheiro, V., additional, Herdewijn, P., additional, and Delarue, M., additional

Published
2020
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31. Direct Mapping of Higher-Order RNA Interactions by SHAPE-JuMP

Author

Christy, Thomas W., Giannetti, Catherine A., Houlihan, Gillian, Smola, Matthew J., Rice, Greggory M., Wang, Jian, Dokholyan, Nikolay V., Laederach, Alain, Holliger, Philipp, and Weeks, Kevin M.

Abstract

Higher-order structure governs function for many RNAs. However, discerning this structure for large RNA molecules in solution is an unresolved challenge. Here, we present SHAPE-JuMP (selective 2′-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension and juxtaposed merged pairs) to interrogate through-space RNA tertiary interactions. A bifunctional small molecule is used to chemically link proximal nucleotides in an RNA structure. The RNA cross-link site is then encoded into complementary DNA (cDNA) in a single, direct step using an engineered reverse transcriptase that “jumps” across cross-linked nucleotides. The resulting cDNAs contain a deletion relative to the native RNA sequence, which can be detected by sequencing, that indicates the sites of cross-linked nucleotides. SHAPE-JuMP measures RNA tertiary structure proximity concisely across large RNA molecules at nanometer resolution. SHAPE-JuMP is especially effective at measuring interactions in multihelix junctions and loop-to-helix packing, enables modeling of the global fold for RNAs up to several hundred nucleotides in length, facilitates ranking of structural models by consistency with through-space restraints, and is poised to enable solution-phase structural interrogation and modeling of complex RNAs.

Published
2021
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34. Catalysts from synthetic genetic polymers

Author

Taylor, A.I., Pinheiro, Vitor B., Smola, M.J., Morgunov, A.S., Peak-Chew, S., Cozens, C., Weeks, K.M., Herdewijn, P., and Holliger, P.

Subjects
bcs
Abstract

The emergence of catalysis in early genetic polymers such as RNA is considered a key transition in the origin of life1, pre-dating the appearance of protein enzymes. DNA also demonstrates the capacity to fold into three-dimensional structures and form catalysts in vitro.\ud However, to what degree these natural biopolymers comprise functionally privileged chemical scaffolds for folding or the evolution of catalysis is not known. The ability of synthetic genetic polymers (XNAs) with alternative backbone chemistries not found in nature to fold into defined structures and bind ligands raises the possibility that these too might be capable of forming catalysts (XNAzymes). \ud \ud Here we report the discovery of such XNAzymes, elaborated in four different chemistries (arabino nucleic acids, ANA; 2'-fluoroarabino nucleic acids, FANA;\ud hexitol nucleic acids, HNA; and cyclohexene nucleic acids, CeNA) directly from random XNA oligomer pools, exhibiting in trans RNA endonuclease and ligase activities. We also describe an XNA–XNA ligase metalloenzyme in the FANA framework, establishing catalysis in an entirely synthetic system and enabling the synthesis of FANA oligomers and an active RNA endonuclease FANAzyme from its constituent\ud parts. These results extend catalysis beyond biopolymers and\ud establish technologies for the discovery of catalysts in a wide range of polymer scaffolds not found in nature. Evolution of catalysis independent of any natural polymer has implications for the definition of chemical boundary conditions for the emergence of life on Earth and elsewhere in the Universe.

Published
2015

36. Saturation Hysteresis Effects on the Seismic Signatures of Partially Saturated Heterogeneous Porous Rocks

Author

Solazzi, Santiago G., Guarracino, Luis, Rubino, J. Germán, and Holliger, Klaus

Abstract

Experimental evidence indicates that the spatial distribution of immiscible pore fluids in partially saturated media depends on the flow history and, thus, exhibits hysteresis effects. To date, most works concerned with modelling the effective seismic properties of partially saturated rocks either disregard these effects or account for them employing oversimplified approaches. This, in turn, can lead to erroneous interpretations of the corresponding seismic signatures. In this work, we present a novel methodology that allows to compute hysteresis effects on seismic attenuation and velocity dispersion due to mesoscopic wave‐induced fluid flow in realistic scenarios. For this purpose, we first employ a constitutive model that conceptualizes a porous medium as a bundle of constrictive capillary tubes with a fractal pore‐size distribution, which allows to estimate local hydraulic properties and capillary pressure‐saturation hysteretic relationships in a heterogeneous rock sample. Then, we use a numerical upscaling procedure based on Biot's poroelasticity theory to compute seismic attenuation and velocity dispersion curves during drainage and imbibition cycles. By combining these procedures, we are able to model, for the first time, key features of the saturation field and of the seismic signatures commonly observed in the laboratory during drainage and imbibition experiments. Our results also show that the pore‐scale characteristics of a given porous medium, such as the pore‐throat geometry, can greatly influence the hysteresis effects on the seismic signatures. We present a novel model that allows to include the effects of saturation hysteresis on seismic attenuation and phase velocity dispersionWe reproduce key features of the saturation fields and of the seismic signatures observed during drainage and imbibition experimentsResults show that the pore‐scale characteristics can greatly influence the hysteresis effects on the seismic signatures

Published
2019
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37. Estimation of Fracture Compliance From Attenuation and Velocity Analysis of Full‐Waveform Sonic Log Data

Author

Barbosa, Nicolás D., Caspari, Eva, Rubino, J. Germán, Greenwood, Andrew, Baron, Ludovic, and Holliger, Klaus

Abstract

In fractured rocks, the amplitudes of propagating seismic waves decay due to various mechanisms, such as geometrical spreading, solid friction, displacement of pore fluid relative to the solid frame, and transmission losses due to energy conversion to reflected and transmitted waves at the fracture interfaces. In this work, we characterize the mechanical properties of individual fractures from Pwave velocity changes and transmission losses inferred from static full‐waveform sonic log data. The methodology is validated using synthetic full‐waveform sonic logs and applied to data acquired in a borehole penetrating multiple fractures embedded in a granodioritic rock. To extract the transmission losses from attenuation estimates, we remove the contributions associated with other loss mechanisms. The geometrical spreading correction is inferred from a joint analysis of numerical simulations that emulate the borehole environment and the redundancy of attenuation contributions other than geometrical spreading in multiple acquisitions with different source‐receiver spacing configurations. The intrinsic background attenuation is estimated from measurements acquired in the intact zones. In the fractured zones, the variations with respect to the background attenuation are attributed to transmission losses. Once we have estimated the transmission losses associated with a given fracture, we compute the transmission coefficient, which, on the basis of the linear slip theory, can then be related to the mechanical normal compliance of the fracture. Our results indicate that the estimated mechanical normal compliance ranges from 1 × 10−13to 1 × 10−12m/Pa, which, for the size of the considered fractures, is consistent with the experimental evidence available. We acquired static full‐waveform sonic log data in a borehole penetrating a granodioritic rock mass intersected by distinct fracturesWe estimate the mechanical normal compliance of the fractures from the analysis of Pwave velocity and attenuation inferred from the dataOur results are consistent with the available evidence and suggest that the compliance of a fracture is sensitive to its hydraulic response

Published
2019
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38. Extraction of carotenoids from Chlorella vulgaris using green solvents and syngas production from residual biomass.

Author

Damergi, Eya, Schwitzguébel, Jean-Paul, Refardt, Dominik, Sharma, Shivom, Holliger, Christof, and Ludwig, Christian

Abstract

A combined process for carotenoids extraction and efficient bioenergy recovery from the wet microalgae biomass is proposed. High added-value products could thus be extracted prior a hydrothermal gasification of the algal biomass into synthetic natural gas. The economic sustainability of biofuel production from algal biomass as well as the large energy demands of microalgae cultivation and harvesting is addressed in this paper. Two green solvents, ethanol and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (MTHF), were used to achieve the maximum extractability of selected carotenoids. Pure MTHF was tested for the first time as an alternative renewable solvent for carotenoid extraction from wet biomass and promising results were obtained (30 min at 110 °C), with 45% of total carotenoids being extracted. The energy content of the residual biomass corresponds to a High Heating Value (HHV) of 18.1 MJ/kg. With a 1:1 mixture of both MTHF and ethanol, more carotenoids were extracted from wet biomass (66%) and the remaining HHV of the residual biomass was 15.7 MJ/kg. The perspectives of combined carotenoid extraction and energy recovery for a better microalgae valorization are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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41. Homogenization of Porous Thin Layers With Internal Stratification for the Estimation of Seismic Reflection Coefficients

Author

Sotelo, Edith, Barbosa, Nicolás D., Solazzi, Santiago G., Rubino, J. Germán, Favino, Marco, and Holliger, Klaus

Abstract

Stratified thin layers often present a prominent mechanical contrast with regard to the embedding background and, hence, are important targets for seismic reflection studies. An efficient way to study the reflectivity response of these thin layers is to employ their homogenized viscoelastic equivalents. We aim to homogenize a simple, yet realistic, thin‐layer model, which is composed of a finite non‐periodic sequence of homogeneous porous strata embedded in a background deemed impermeable at the seismic frequencies. The overarching objective is to reproduce the reflectivity response of such stratified thin layers. However, the estimation of the equivalent moduli is inherently affected by the boundary conditions (BC) associated with the embedding background. Therefore, classical homogenization procedures, which assume the existence of a periodic structure, are not readily applicable. We, therefore, propose a novel homogenization procedure that incorporates naturally the appropriate BC. To this end, we consider a sample that includes both a part of the background and a section of the thin layer, to which we apply classical oscillatory relaxation tests. However, we estimate the average of stress and strain components only over the thin layer section of interest. To test the accuracy of the method, we consider a sandstone composed of two strata saturated with different fluids embedded in impermeable half‐spaces. After estimating the corresponding equivalent moduli, we compare the resulting P‐wave reflectivities with those obtained using the original model. Our results show that the inferred viscoelastic equivalent closely reproduces the reflectivities of the stratified thin layer in the seismic frequency range. Porous thin layers are relevant for a wide range of pertinent applications such as carbon sequestration or hydrocarbon exploration since they can serve as storage of fluids of interest. They often present a prominent seismic reflectivity response due to the high mechanical contrast with the embedding background. Heterogeneous porous thin layers generally show an equivalent viscoelastic behavior at seismic frequencies as a consequence of solid‐fluid interactions, which, in turn, are induced by the passing wave. Consequently, an efficient way to study the seismic response of porous thin layers is to use their homogenized viscoelastic equivalents. If a thin layer contains a repeating sequence of porous strata, well‐established methods exist to obtain the corresponding viscoelastic equivalents. However, if a thin layer is composed of a non‐periodic number of porous strata, which, for all practical intents and purposes, is likely to be the rule rather than the exception, these methodologies are not applicable. To alleviate this problem, we, therefore, propose a novel approach to compute homogenized properties of thin layers composed of a non‐periodic sequence of porous strata to compute their reflectivities. We propose a procedure to homogenize the seismic properties of porous thin layers composed of a non‐periodic sequence of strataThis procedure incorporates the boundary conditions induced by the embedding background, which is assumed to be impermeableFor sufficiently low frequencies, the resulting viscoelastic equivalents accurately reproduce the reflectivities of the porous thin layers. We propose a procedure to homogenize the seismic properties of porous thin layers composed of a non‐periodic sequence of strata This procedure incorporates the boundary conditions induced by the embedding background, which is assumed to be impermeable For sufficiently low frequencies, the resulting viscoelastic equivalents accurately reproduce the reflectivities of the porous thin layers.

Published
2023
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42. Period‐ and Pressure‐Dependent Hydraulic Properties of a Fractured Granite Inferred From Periodic Pumping Tests

Author

Barbosa, Nicolás D., Jiménez Martínez, Victoria A., Gholizadeh Doonechaly, Nima, Müller, Tobias M., and Holliger, Klaus

Abstract

Fractures can greatly impact fluid flow and pore pressure distribution in the upper crust. By conducting borehole hydraulic experiments, we can determine the ability of fractures to transport fluids and affect pressure diffusion under in situ conditions. We performed a series of periodic hydraulic tests in a borehole at the Bedretto Underground Laboratory for Geosciences and Geoenergies (Switzerland). We investigated the period‐ and pressure‐dependent response of a fractured granite by controlling the flow rate of harmonic and non‐harmonic oscillations, covering a wide range of periods as well as mean‐ and amplitude‐pressure values. By analyzing the phase and amplitude relation between the flow rate and fluid pressure in the injection interval, we found that the intersected fracture zone exhibits a period‐dependent hydraulic response close to radial flow perturbed by fracture‐related hydromechanical coupling effects. The main features of the interval's hydraulic response were reproduced by an uncoupled diffusion solution for radial flow, which was used to derive apparent hydraulic properties. The largest deviations from this model occur for the phase shifts and correlate with the pressure amplitude. This non‐linear expression of hydromechanical coupling associated with deformable fractures was interpreted in terms of a pressure‐dependent effective compliance of the fractures that affects their effective storativity. The period dependence is likely related to the spatial heterogeneity expected in fractured rocks and the varying sensitivity of the hydraulic response for different periods. Accounting for these effects is necessary for a correct hydraulic characterization in fractured environments and is valuable for inferring fracture mechanical behavior. Fractures govern the hydraulic and mechanical behavior of rocks, and their characterization is crucial for understanding natural and anthropogenically induced processes involving stress and fluid pressure changes in fractured environments. Periodic pumping tests are specialized experiments used to quantify the ability of fractures to transport fluids and to affect pressure distribution in the subsurface. These experiments consist of recording the pressure response of a borehole interval to an injected oscillatory flow. We performed periodic pumping tests on fractures intersecting a borehole and analyzed their response to different testing parameters, such as, the period and amplitude of the oscillations and the type of oscillation. We found that the pressure‐flow rate relation can be fairly well explained by a simple model for porous rocks that ignores any complexity associated with the presence of fractures. Nevertheless, notable effects that cannot be explained by the model are found to be correlated with the period and amplitude of the oscillations. Capturing the period dependence is useful for characterizing heterogeneities away from the borehole, while the oscillation amplitude dependence shows the impact of the deformability of fractures exposed to pressure variations. Future modeling and experimental techniques should consider these findings to improve interpretation methods. We conducted periodic pumping tests on fractures intersecting a borehole varying their period and the mean‐ and amplitude‐pressure valuesThe observed flow rate versus pressure behavior can largely be reproduced by an uncoupled diffusion solution for radial flowWe observed a dependence of the hydraulic response on the period and on the pressure amplitude likely related to fracture deformation We conducted periodic pumping tests on fractures intersecting a borehole varying their period and the mean‐ and amplitude‐pressure values The observed flow rate versus pressure behavior can largely be reproduced by an uncoupled diffusion solution for radial flow We observed a dependence of the hydraulic response on the period and on the pressure amplitude likely related to fracture deformation

Published
2023
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43. Representative elementary volumes for evaluating effective seismic properties of heterogeneous poroelastic media Article History.

Author

Milani, Marco, Rubino, J. Germán, Müller, Tobias M., Quintal, Beatriz, Caspari, Eva, and Holliger, Klaus

Subjects
P-waves (Seismology), POROELASTICITY, INHOMOGENEOUS materials, ENERGY dissipation, POROUS materials, FLUID pressure
Abstract

Understanding and quantifying seismic energy dissipation in fluid-saturated porous rocks is of considerable interest because it offers the perspective of extracting information with regard to the elastic and hydraulic rock properties. An important, if not dominant, attenuation mechanism prevailing in the seismic frequency band is wave-induced fluid pressure diffusion in response to the contrasts in elastic stiffness in the mesoscopic-scale range. An effective way to estimate seismic velocity dispersion and attenuation related to this phenomenon is through the application of numerical upscaling procedures to synthetic rock samples of interest. However, the estimated seismic properties are meaningful only if the underlying sample volume is at least of the size of a representative elementary volume (REV). In the given context, the definition of an REV and the corresponding implications for the estimation of the effective seismic properties remain largely unexplored. To alleviate this problem, we have studied the characteristics of REVs for a set of idealized rock samples sharing high levels of velocity dispersion and attenuation. For periodically heterogeneous poroelastic media, the REV size was driven by boundary condition effects. Our results determined that boundary condition effects were absent for layered media and negligible in the presence of patchy saturation. Conversely, strong boundary condition effects arose in the presence of a periodic distribution of finite-length fractures, thus leading to large REV sizes. The results thus point to the importance of carefully determining the REV sizes of heterogeneous porous rocks for computing effective seismic properties, especially in the presence of strong dry frame stiffness contrasts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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44. Seismic Attenuation and Stiffness Modulus Dispersion in Porous Rocks Containing Stochastic Fracture Networks

Author

Hunziker, Jürg, Favino, Marco, Caspari, Eva, Quintal, Beatriz, Rubino, J. Germán, Krause, Rolf, and Holliger, Klaus

Abstract

Understanding seismic attenuation and modulus dispersion mechanisms in fractured rocks can result in significant advances for the indirect characterization of such environments. In this paper, we study attenuation and modulus dispersion of seismic waves caused by fluid pressure diffusion (FPD) in stochastic 2‐D fracture networks, allowing for a state‐of‐the‐art representation of natural fracture networks by a power law length distribution. To this end, we apply numerical upscaling experiments consisting of compression and shear tests to our samples of fractured rocks. The resulting Pand Swave attenuation and modulus dispersion behavior is analyzed with respect to the density, the length distribution, and the connectivity of the fractures. We focus our analysis on two manifestations of FPD arising in fractured rocks, namely, fracture‐to‐background FPD at lower frequencies and fracture‐to‐fracture FPD at higher frequencies. Our results indicate that FPD is sensitive not only to the fracture density but also to the geometrical characteristics of the fracture length distributions. In particular, our study suggests that information about the local connectivity of a fracture network could be retrieved from seismic data. Conversely, information about the global connectivity, which is directly linked to the effective hydraulic conductivity of the probed volume, remains rather difficult to infer. We perform numerical upscaling experiments to obtain attenuation and modulus dispersion of seismic waves due to fluid pressure diffusionThe 2‐D stochastic fracture networks, representing natural fracture networks as closely as possible for these studies, are consideredSensitivity of fracture-to-background and fracture‐to‐fracture fluid pressure diffusion to local fracture connectivity is observed

Published
2018
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45. Modeling Forced Imbibition Processes and the Associated Seismic Attenuation in Heterogeneous Porous Rocks

Author

Solazzi, Santiago G., Guarracino, Luis, Rubino, J. Germán, Müller, Tobias M., and Holliger, Klaus

Abstract

Quantifying seismic attenuation during laboratory imbibition experiments can provide useful information toward the use of seismic waves for monitoring injection and extraction of fluids in the Earth's crust. However, a deeper understanding of the physical causes producing the observed attenuation is needed for this purpose. In this work, we analyze seismic attenuation due to mesoscopic wave‐induced fluid flow (WIFF) produced by realistic fluid distributions representative of imbibition experiments. To do so, we first perform two‐phase flow simulations in a heterogeneous rock sample to emulate a forced imbibition experiment. We then select a subsample of the considered rock containing the resulting time‐dependent saturation fields and apply a numerical upscaling procedure to compute the associated seismic attenuation. By exploring both saturation distributions and seismic attenuation, we observe that two manifestations of WIFF arise during imbibition experiments: the first one is produced by the compressibility contrast associated with the saturation front, whereas the second one is due to the presence of patches containing very high amounts of water that are located behind the saturation front. We demonstrate that while the former process is expected to play a significant role in the case of high injection rates, which are associated with viscous‐dominated imbibition processes, the latter becomes predominant during capillary‐dominated processes, that is, for relatively low injection rates. We conclude that this kind of joint numerical analysis constitutes a useful tool for improving our understanding of the physical mechanisms producing seismic attenuation during laboratory imbibition experiments. We perform numerical simulations of imbibition in a rock sample and compute seismic attenuation through a numerical upscaling procedureOur results show that two attenuation peaks, associated with the saturation front and isolated fluid patches, can ariseThe injection rate of the imbibition process controls the amplitude of the two attenuation peaks

Published
2017
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46. Sensitivity of Seismic Attenuation and Phase Velocity to Intrinsic Background Anisotropy in Fractured Porous Rocks: A Numerical Study

Author

Barbosa, Nicolás D., Rubino, J. Germán, Caspari, Eva, and Holliger, Klaus

Abstract

Many researchers have analyzed seismic attenuation and velocity dispersion due to wave‐induced fluid flow (WIFF) related to the presence of fluid‐saturated fractures embedded in an isotropic porous background. Most fractured formations do, however, exhibit some degree of intrinsic elastic and hydraulic anisotropy of the background, and the impact of which on the effective seismic properties remains largely unexplored. In this work, we extend a numerical upscaling procedure to account for the potential intrinsic elastic and hydraulic anisotropy of the background. To do this, we represent the background of a representative sample of the fractured formation of interest with an anisotropic poroelastic medium and apply a set of relaxation experiments to compute the effective anisotropic seismic properties. A comprehensive numerical analysis allows us to observe that, for samples containing hydraulically connected fractures, the anisotropic behavior of both Pand Swaves differs significantly from that observed for an isotropic background. The anisotropy of the stiffness of the background plays a fundamental role for WIFF between the fractures and the background as well as for WIFF between connected fractures. Conversely, the anisotropy of the background permeability affects the characteristic frequency, the angle dependence, and the magnitude of the effects related to WIFF between fractures and background. In addition, different correlations between hydraulic and elastic background anisotropy lead to different degrees of effective seismic anisotropy. Our results therefore indicate that accounting for the effects of intrinsic background anisotropy on WIFF is crucial for a quantitative interpretation of seismic anisotropy measurements in fluid‐saturated fractured formations. Numerical study of wave‐induced fluid flow effects in fractured rocks in the presence of intrinsic background anisotropyHydraulic and elastic intrinsic anisotropy of the background strongly affects the phase velocity and attenuation anisotropy of fractured rocksAccounting for the effects of intrinsic background anisotropy is crucial for fracture and hydraulic parameters estimation

Published
2017
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47. Simple peptides derived from the ribosomal core potentiate RNA polymerase ribozyme function

Author

Tagami, Shunsuke, Attwater, James, and Holliger, Philipp

Abstract

The emergence of functional interactions between nucleic acids and polypeptides was a key transition in the origin of life and remains at the heart of all biology. However, how and why simple non-coded peptides could have become critical for RNA function is unclear. Here, we show that putative ancient peptide segments from the cores of both ribosomal subunits enhance RNA polymerase ribozyme (RPR) function, as do derived homopolymeric peptides comprising lysine or the non-proteinogenic lysine analogues ornithine or, to a lesser extent, diaminobutyric acid, irrespective of chirality or chiral purity. Lysine decapeptides enhance RPR function by promoting holoenzyme assembly through primer–template docking, accelerate RPR evolution, and allow RPR-catalysed RNA synthesis at near physiological (≥1 mM) Mg2+concentrations, enabling templated RNA synthesis within membranous protocells. Our results outline how compositionally simple, mixed-chirality peptides may have augmented the functional potential of early RNAs and promoted the emergence of the first protocells.

Published
2017
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48. Divergent PCB organohalide-respiring consortia enriched from the efflux channel of a former Delor manufacturer in Eastern Europe.

Author

Praveckova, Martina, Brennerova, Maria V., Cvancarova, Monika, De Alencastro, Luiz Felippe, Holliger, Christof, and Rossi, Pierre

Subjects
POLYCHLORINATED biphenyls, MULTIVARIATE analysis, DEHALOCOCCOIDES, DECHLORINATION (Chemistry)
Abstract

Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) organohalide-respiring communities from the efflux channel of a former Delor manufacturer in Eastern Slovakia were assessed using metagenomic, statistical and cultivation-adapted approaches. Multivariate analysis of environmental factors together with terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the bacterial communities in the primary sediments revealed both temporal and spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of microbial populations, which reflects the dynamic pattern of contamination and altered conditions for biodegradation activity along the channel. Anaerobic microcosms were developed from eight sediments sampled along the channel, where high concentrations of PCBs – from 6.6 to 136 mg/kg dry weight, were measured. PCB dehalorespiring activity, congruent with changes in the microbial composition in all microcosms, was detected. After 10 months of cultivation, the divergently evolved consortia achieved up to 35.9 percent reduction of the total PCB concentration. Phylogenetic-analysis of the active Chloroflexi -related organohalide-respiring bacteria by partial sequencing of 16S rRNA genes in cDNA from microcosms with the highest PCB dechlorination activity revealed diverse and unique complexity of the populations. The predominant organohalide respirers were either affiliated with Dehalococcoides sp. and Dehalococcoides -like group (DLG) organisms or were composed of currently unknown distant clades of DLG bacteria. The present study should encourage researchers to explore the full potential of the indigenous PCB dechlorinating populations to develop effective bioremediation approaches that can perform the complete mineralization of PCBs in polluted environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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49. Including poroelastic effects in the linear slip theory.

Author

Germán Rubino, J., Castromán, Gabriel A., Müller, Tobias M., Monachesi, Leonardo B., Zyserman, Fabio I., and Holliger, Klaus

Subjects
SEISMIC wave studies, ROCK deformation, POROELASTICITY, FLUID dynamics, MATRICES (Mathematics)
Abstract

Numerical simulations of seismic wave propagation in fractured media are often performed in the framework of the linear slip theory (LST). Therein, fractures are represented as interfaces and their mechanical properties are characterized through a compliance matrix. This theory has been extended to account for energy dissipation due to viscous friction within fluid-filled fractures by using complex-valued frequency-dependent compliances. This is, however, not fully adequate for fractured porous rocks in which wave-induced fluid flow (WIFF) between fractures and host rock constitutes a predominant seismic attenuation mechanism. In this letter, we develop an approach to incorporate WIFF effects directly into the LST for a ID system via a complex-valued, frequency-dependent fracture compliance. The methodology is validated for a medium permeated by regularly distributed planar fractures, for which an analytical expression for the complex-valued normal compliance is determined in the framework of quasistatic poroelasticity. There is good agreement between synthetic seismograms generated using the proposed recipe and those obtained from comprehensive, but computationally demanding, poroelastic simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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50. America's Culture of Servitude at War: The Servant Problem, The Soldier Problem, and Harriet Beecher Stowe's House and Home Papers.

Author

HOLLIGER, ANDREA

Subjects
SLAVERY in the United States, HOUSEHOLD employees, AMERICAN Civil War, 1861-1865
Abstract

A literary criticism of the book "House & Home Papers" by abolitionist Harriet Beecher Stowe is presented. It mentions that the book discusses the themes, the systematic production of unifying sentiment and bodily labor, pertinent during the Civil War in the U.S. It reports that the book mentions about household management and about addressing military matters via domestic servitude.

Published
2015
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