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CT and MRI are the crucial tools in the imaging assessment of pancreatic diseases. They allow a comprehensive insight into the normal and pathological structural and to some degree even functional conditions of the pancreas and its surrounding. In consequence, most of the pancreatic diseases can be identified and classified by CT and MRI. The most common findings—the adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and acute and chronic inflammation of the pancreas—are usually easily identified and imaging contributes to the correct staging and detecting potential complications of the disease. Moreover, modern imaging enables the differentiation of nonneoplastic, developmental disorders, solid, cystic, focal, and diffuse parenchymal findings which may range from neoplasia-like over true neoplasia to inflammatory tumor-like changes and is of crucial importance to guide an appropriate therapy., (Copyright 2018, The Author(s).)