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Objective·To explore the association between high myopia and life quality among children.Methods·Cross-sectional study method was adopted in this study. Highly myopic children aged 4‒10 from 16 districts in Shanghai were enrolled through Shanghai Child and Adolescent Large-scale Eye Study-High Myopia Registration Study. Baseline data for spherical equivalent after cycloplegia and questionnaire data in 2020 were collected. Emmetropic children aged 4‒10 from 16 kindergartens and elementary schools in Jing'an District and Pudong New Area were enrolled. The uncorrected visual acuity, corrected visual acuity and spherical equivalent without cycloplegia were measured through myopia screening in schools, and the questionnaire on quality of life was filled out. Quality of life was measured by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS). After describing and testing the differences in variable distributions between the highly myopic children group and the emmetropic children group, the differences in life quality between the two groups, and the association between spherical equivalent and life quality scores of the highly myopic children were examined by a linear regression model.Results·A total of 193 children with high myopia and 209 children with emmetropia were enrolled. There were statistically significant differences in age [(9.58±0.94) years vs (7.63±1.50) years, P

Anisometropia can affect visual development in children. Investigations of anisometropia in high myopes would explore potential causes related to anisometropia, highlighting the management of anisometropia in high myopia. The prevalence of anisometropia ranged from 0.6% to 4.3% in general paediatric population and from 7% to 14% in myopes. Anisometropia is regarded as an associated factor for myopia development, while myopia progression is a stimulus driving anisometropic development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anisometropia and its association with refraction development in Chinese children with high myopia. In the cohort study, a total of 1,577 highly myopic (spherical equivalent ≤−5.0D) children aged 4–18 years were included. Refractive parameters (dioptre of sphere, dioptre of cylinder, corneal curvature radius, and axial length) of both eyes were measured after cycloplegia. The prevalence and degree of anisometropia were compared among refractive groups (non-parametric tests or chi-square tests), and regression analyses were used to determine associated factors of anisometropia. The statistical significance was set to P < 0.05 (two-tailed). In highly myopic children with a mean (standard deviation) age of 13.06 (2.80) years, the proportions of spherical equivalent anisometropia, cylindrical anisometropia and spherical anisometropia ≥1.00 D were 34.5%, 21.9% and 39.9%, respectively. There was more spherical equivalent anisometropia associated with more severe astigmatism (P for trend <0.001). In the multivariate regression analysis, more spherical equivalent anisometropia, cylindrical anisometropia and spherical anisometropia were associated with higher degrees of astigmatism (standard beta = −0.175, −0.148 and −0.191, respectively). More spherical anisometropia was associated with better spherical power (standard beta = 0.116). The proportion of anisometropia in highly myopic children was high, compared with previously reported general population, and more severe anisometropia was associated with higher degree of cylindrical power, but not spherical power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To determine how orthokeratology (ortho‐k) affects corneal biomechanical properties in myopia control and whether corneal biomechanical parameters can predict clinical efficacy of ortho‐k. Methods: A total of 125 children 7–15 years of age using ortho‐k lenses were followed in this clinical practice and data of their right eyes were analysed. Corneal biomechanical parameters and most ocular biometry were measured at baseline, 1 week, and at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Axial length (AL) was collected every 6 months after baseline measurements. Results: During the 2‐year follow up, nine corneal biomechanical parameters, including deformation amplitude maximum (DA), varied between baseline and 1 week (p < 0.05) and stabilized during the rest of wearing period (p > 0.05). The mean AL increased from 25.02 ± 0.84 mm to 25.38 ± 0.81 mm and baseline DA strongly correlated with AL progression (Pearson r = 0.37). In the multiple regression models, baseline age, AL and DA were the independent factors for AL progression (R2: 0.7849, 0.2180 in low and moderate myopes). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves using the three variables for predicting excessive AL progression (>0.35 mm during 2 years) in low and moderate myopes was 0.902 and 0.698. Conclusions: Corneal biomechanics firstly fluctuated before becoming stable with long‐term ortho‐k use. Corneal biomechanics was associated with AL progression in children wearing ortho‐k lenses. DA combined with age and AL at baseline could predict AL progression in low myopes using ortho‐k. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]