251 results on '"Harmsen, M."'
Search Results
2. Climate policy and the SDGs agenda: how does near-term action on nexus SDGs influence the achievement of long-term climate goals?
- Author
-
Schmidt Tagomori, I., Harmsen, M., Awais, M., Byers, E., Daioglou, V., Doelman, J., Vinca, A., Riahi, K., van Vuuren, D.P, Schmidt Tagomori, I., Harmsen, M., Awais, M., Byers, E., Daioglou, V., Doelman, J., Vinca, A., Riahi, K., and van Vuuren, D.P
- Abstract
The sustainable development goals (SDGs) represent the global ambition to accelerate sustainable development. Several SDGs are directly related to climate change and policies aiming to mitigate it. This includes, among others, the set of SDGs that directly influence the climate, land, energy, and water (CLEW) nexus (SDGs 2, 6, 7, 13, 15). This study aims at understanding the synergies and trade-offs between climate policy and the SDGs agenda: how does near-term action on SDGs influence long-term climate goals? Based on a multi-model comparison, we evaluate three scenarios: (i) reference; (ii) climate mitigation; and (iii) a CLEW nexus SDGs scenario. We find clear positive effects of combining the climate and the sustainable development agendas. Notably, healthier diets, with reduced meat consumption, have strong co-benefits for climate, with positive effects across multiple SDGs: improvements in food security, reductions in air pollution and water stress, and improvements in biodiversity conservation. Such positive outcomes are prominent in the Global South, where regions typically at higher risk of food and energy insecurity and other environmental stresses (e.g. Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and Latin America) benefit from a shorter term agenda focusing not only on the climate but also on the other sustainable development dimensions. However, trade-offs are also observed (e.g. increases in the prices of food and electricity), especially in the dynamics of land and the food systems, highlighting the importance of exploring policy synergies: if individually applied, some measures can negatively impact other sustainability goals, while taking into consideration the nexus interactions can reduce trade-offs and increase co-benefits. Finally, near-term action on SDGs can help speed up the transition towards the long-term climate goals, reducing the reliance on negative emissions options. In 2100, the SDG scenario in significantly less reliant on carbon dioxide removals both
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. High stretch induces endothelial dysfunction accompanied by oxidative stress and actin remodeling in human saphenous vein endothelial cells
- Author
-
Girão-Silva, T., Fonseca-Alaniz, M. H., Ribeiro-Silva, J. C., Lee, J., Patil, N. P., Dallan, L. A., Baker, A. B., Harmsen, M. C., Krieger, J. E., and Miyakawa, A. A.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Human resources required for antimicrobial stewardship teams: a Dutch consensus report
- Author
-
ten Oever, J., Harmsen, M., Schouten, J., Ouwens, M., van der Linden, P.D., Verduin, C.M., Kullberg, B.J., Prins, J.M., and Hulscher, M.E.J.L.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The Secretome of Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells Supports Alveolar Epithelial Growth
- Author
-
Van Der Koog, L., primary, Wu, X., additional, Bos, S., additional, Ravi, A., additional, Hiemstra, P.S., additional, Johnson, J.R., additional, Harmsen, M., additional, Nagelkerke, A., additional, and Gosens, R., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Facilitating direct patient access to safety information about their breast implant: A Patient Access Tool sourced by the Dutch Breast Implant Registry
- Author
-
Harmeling, J.X., primary, Bruins, T.A., additional, Becherer, B.E., additional, Hoornweg, M.J., additional, Harmsen, M., additional, Mureau, M.A.M., additional, and Rakhorst, H.A., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Basiswissen
- Author
-
Spiekman, M., Harmsen, M. C., and Ueberreiter, Klaus, editor
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Uncertainty in non-CO2 greenhouse gas mitigation contributes to ambiguity in global climate policy feasibility
- Author
-
Harmsen, M., Tabak, C., Höglund-Isaksson, L., Humpenöder, F., Purohit, P., van Vuuren, D., Harmsen, M., Tabak, C., Höglund-Isaksson, L., Humpenöder, F., Purohit, P., and van Vuuren, D.
- Abstract
Despite its projected crucial role in stringent, future global climate policy, non-CO2 greenhouse gas (NCGG) mitigation remains a large uncertain factor in climate research. A revision of the estimated mitigation potential has implications for the feasibility of global climate policy to reach the Paris Agreement climate goals. Here, we provide a systematic bottom-up estimate of the total uncertainty in NCGG mitigation, by developing 'optimistic', 'default' and 'pessimistic' long-term NCGG marginal abatement cost (MAC) curves, based on a comprehensive literature review of mitigation options. The global 1.5-degree climate target is found to be out of reach under pessimistic MAC assumptions, as is the 2-degree target under high emission assumptions. In a 2-degree scenario, MAC uncertainty translates into a large projected range in relative NCGG reduction (40-58%), carbon budget (±120 Gt CO2) and policy costs (±16%). Partly, the MAC uncertainty signifies a gap that could be bridged by human efforts, but largely it indicates uncertainty in technical limitations.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Identifying energy model fingerprints in mitigation scenarios
- Author
-
Dekker, M.M., Daioglou, V., Pietzcker, R., Rodrigues, R., de Boer, H.-S., Dalla Longa, F., Drouet, L., Emmerling, J., Fattahi, A., Fotiou, T., Fragkos, P., Fricko, O., Gusheva, E., Harmsen, M., Huppmann, D., Kannavou, M., Krey, V., Lombardi, F., Luderer, G., Pfenninger, S., Tsiropoulos, I., Zakeri, B., van der Zwaan, B., Usher, W., van Vuuren, D., Dekker, M.M., Daioglou, V., Pietzcker, R., Rodrigues, R., de Boer, H.-S., Dalla Longa, F., Drouet, L., Emmerling, J., Fattahi, A., Fotiou, T., Fragkos, P., Fricko, O., Gusheva, E., Harmsen, M., Huppmann, D., Kannavou, M., Krey, V., Lombardi, F., Luderer, G., Pfenninger, S., Tsiropoulos, I., Zakeri, B., van der Zwaan, B., Usher, W., and van Vuuren, D.
- Abstract
Energy models are used to study emissions mitigation pathways, such as those compatible with the Paris Agreement goals. These models vary in structure, objectives, parameterization and level of detail, yielding differences in the computed energy and climate policy scenarios. To study model differences, diagnostic indicators are common practice in many academic fields, for example, in the physical climate sciences. However, they have not yet been applied systematically in mitigation literature, beyond addressing individual model dimensions. Here we address this gap by quantifying energy model typology along five dimensions: responsiveness, mitigation strategies, energy supply, energy demand and mitigation costs and effort, each expressed through several diagnostic indicators. The framework is applied to a diagnostic experiment with eight energy models in which we explore ten scenarios focusing on Europe. Comparing indicators to the ensemble yields comprehensive ‘energy model fingerprints’, which describe systematic model behaviour and contextualize model differences for future multi-model comparison studies.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. How to achieve a rapid, fair, and efficient transformation to net zero emissions. Policy findings from the NAVIGATE project
- Author
-
Kriegler, E., Strefler, J., Gulde, R., Angelkorte, G., Bauer, N., Baptista, L., Dessens, O., Emmerling, J., Tavoni, M., Fragkos, P., Fragiadakis, D., Giannousakis, A., Guivarch, C., Harmsen, M., Humpenöder, F., Lefèvre, J., Mastrucci, A., Nawaz, A., Schaeffer, R., Tagomori, I., van Heerden, R., Pettifor, H., van Ruijven, B., van Vuuren, D., Wilson, C., Yeh, S., Zuber, S., Kriegler, E., Strefler, J., Gulde, R., Angelkorte, G., Bauer, N., Baptista, L., Dessens, O., Emmerling, J., Tavoni, M., Fragkos, P., Fragiadakis, D., Giannousakis, A., Guivarch, C., Harmsen, M., Humpenöder, F., Lefèvre, J., Mastrucci, A., Nawaz, A., Schaeffer, R., Tagomori, I., van Heerden, R., Pettifor, H., van Ruijven, B., van Vuuren, D., Wilson, C., Yeh, S., and Zuber, S.
- Published
- 2023
11. Representation of adaptation in quantitative climate assessments
- Author
-
van Maanen, N., Lissner, T., Harmsen, M., Piontek, F., Andrijevic, M., van Vuuren, D.P., van Maanen, N., Lissner, T., Harmsen, M., Piontek, F., Andrijevic, M., and van Vuuren, D.P.
- Abstract
Adaptation is a key societal response to reduce the impacts of climate change, yet it is poorly represented in current modelling frameworks. We identify key research gaps and suggest entry points for adaptation in quantitative assessments of climate change to enhance policy guidance.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Multidisciplinary view on uterine junctional zone in uteri affected by adenomyosis: explaining discrepancies between MRI and transvaginal ultrasound images on a microscopic level
- Author
-
Harmsen, M. J., primary, Trommelen, L. M., additional, de Leeuw, R. A., additional, Tellum, T., additional, Juffermans, L. J. M., additional, Griffioen, A. W., additional, Thomassin‐Naggara, I., additional, Van den Bosch, T., additional, and Huirne, J. A. F., additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Achieving a balance between SDGs & Climate impacts across Energy, Water Land nexus
- Author
-
Awais, M., Vinca, A., Byers, E., Tagomori, I.S., Harmsen, M., Krey, V., and Riahi, K.
- Published
- 2022
14. Uterine junctional zone and adenomyosis:comparison of MRI, transvaginal ultrasound and histology
- Author
-
Harmsen, M J, Trommelen, L M, de Leeuw, R A, Tellum, T, Juffermans, L J M, Griffioen, A W, Thomassin-Naggara, I, and Huirne, J A F
- Abstract
The uterine junctional zone is the subendometrial area in the myometrium that contributes to peristalsis and aids in spermatozoa and blastocyst transport. Alterations in the appearance of the junctional zone on transvaginal sonography (TVS) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are associated with adenomyosis. The lack of standardization of description of its appearance and ill-defined boundaries on both histology and imaging hamper understanding of the junctional zone and limit its role in the diagnosis of adenomyosis. The objectives of this review were to investigate the accordance in definition of the junctional zone across different diagnostic approaches and to examine how imaging findings can be linked to histological findings in the context of diagnosis of adenomyosis. A comprehensive literature review was conducted of articles describing the appearance on imaging and the histological structure of the uterine junctional zone. Our review suggests that the junctional zone is distinguished from the middle and outer myometrium by gradual changes in smooth-muscle cell density, extracellular space, connective tissue, water content and vascular properties. However, while the signal intensity from the junctional zone to the middle myometrium changes abruptly on MRI, the histopathological changes are gradual and its border may be difficult or impossible to distinguish on two-dimensional TVS. Moreover, the thickness of the junctional zone measured on MRI is larger than that measured on TVS. Thus, these two imaging modalities reflect this zone differently. Although a thickened junctional zone is often used to diagnose adenomyosis on MRI, the presence of adenomyosis can be described more accurately as interruptions of the junctional zone by endometrial tissue, which leads to direct signs on imaging such as subendometrial lines and buds on two- and three-dimensional TVS or bright foci on MRI. The histopathological criteria for diagnosis are based on enlargement of the uterus with severe adenomyosis, and might not reflect its early stages. Clinicians should be aware that findings on MRI cannot be extrapolated readily to ultrasound. An understanding of this is necessary when investigating the uterine junctional zone as a functional unit and the association between visualization of direct features of adenomyosis in the junctional zone and clinical symptoms.
- Published
- 2022
15. Pulmonary endothelial cells support growth of human alveolar organoids: possible influence of cigarette smoke exposure
- Author
-
Ravi, A, primary, Wu, X, additional, M. Van Der Does, A, additional, Van Der Meer, A, additional, M. Johnson, J, additional, C. Harmsen, M, additional, Gosens, R, additional, and S. Hiemstra, P, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Uterine junctional zone and adenomyosis: comparison of MRI, transvaginal ultrasound and histology.
- Author
-
Harmsen, M. J., Trommelen, L. M., de Leeuw, R. A., Tellum, T., Juffermans, L. J. M., Griffioen, A. W., Thomassin‐Naggara, I., Van den Bosch, T., and Huirne, J. A. F.
- Subjects
- *
TRANSVAGINAL ultrasonography , *ENDOMETRIOSIS , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *LITERATURE reviews , *HISTOLOGY , *UTERINE hemorrhage - Abstract
The uterine junctional zone is the subendometrial area in the myometrium that contributes to peristalsis and aids in spermatozoa and blastocyst transport. Alterations in the appearance of the junctional zone on transvaginal sonography (TVS) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are associated with adenomyosis. The lack of standardization of description of its appearance and ill‐defined boundaries on both histology and imaging hamper understanding of the junctional zone and limit its role in the diagnosis of adenomyosis. The objectives of this review were to investigate the accordance in definition of the junctional zone across different diagnostic approaches and to examine how imaging findings can be linked to histological findings in the context of diagnosis of adenomyosis. A comprehensive literature review was conducted of articles describing the appearance on imaging and the histological structure of the uterine junctional zone. Our review suggests that the junctional zone is distinguished from the middle and outer myometrium by gradual changes in smooth‐muscle cell density, extracellular space, connective tissue, water content and vascular properties. However, while the signal intensity from the junctional zone to the middle myometrium changes abruptly on MRI, the histopathological changes are gradual and its border may be difficult or impossible to distinguish on two‐dimensional TVS. Moreover, the thickness of the junctional zone measured on MRI is larger than that measured on TVS. Thus, these two imaging modalities reflect this zone differently. Although a thickened junctional zone is often used to diagnose adenomyosis on MRI, the presence of adenomyosis can be described more accurately as interruptions of the junctional zone by endometrial tissue, which leads to direct signs on imaging such as subendometrial lines and buds on two‐ and three‐dimensional TVS or bright foci on MRI. The histopathological criteria for diagnosis are based on enlargement of the uterus with severe adenomyosis, and might not reflect its early stages. Clinicians should be aware that findings on MRI cannot be extrapolated readily to ultrasound. An understanding of this is necessary when investigating the uterine junctional zone as a functional unit and the association between visualization of direct features of adenomyosis in the junctional zone and clinical symptoms. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Consensus on revised definitions of Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment (MUSA) features of adenomyosis: results of modified Delphi procedure: results of modified Delphi procedure
- Author
-
Harmsen, M. J., van den Bosch, T., De Leeuw, R. A., Dueholm, M., Exacoustos, C., Valentin, L., Hehenkamp, W. J. K., Groenman, F., De Bruyn, C., Rasmussen, C., Lazzeri, L., Jokubkiene, L., Jurkovic, D., Naftalin, J., Tellum, T., Bourne, T., Timmerman, D., Huirne, J. A. F., Obstetrics and gynaecology, Internal medicine, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), Other Research, APH - Quality of Care, and APH - Societal Participation & Health
- Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate whether the Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment (MUSA) features of adenomyosis need to be better defined and, if deemed necessary, to reach consensus on the updated definitions. Methods: A modified Delphi procedure was performed among European gynecologists with expertise in ultrasound diagnosis of adenomyosis. To identify MUSA features that might need revision, 15 two-dimensional (2D) video recordings (four recordings also included three-dimensional (3D) still images) of transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) examinations of the uterus were presented in the first Delphi round (online questionnaire). Experts were asked to confirm or refute the presence of each of the nine MUSA features of adenomyosis (described in the original MUSA consensus statement) in each of the 15 videoclips and to provide comments. In the second Delphi round (online questionnaire), the results of the first round and suggestions for revision of MUSA features were shared with the experts before they were asked to assess a new set of 2D and 3D still images of TVS examinations and to provide feedback on the proposed revisions. A third Delphi round (virtual group meeting) was conducted to discuss and reach final consensus on revised definitions of MUSA features. Consensus was predefined as at least 66.7% agreement between experts. Results: Of 18 invited experts, 16 agreed to participate in the Delphi procedure. Eleven experts completed and four experts partly finished the first round. The experts identified a need for more detailed definitions of some MUSA features. They recommended use of 3D ultrasound to optimize visualization of the junctional zone. Fifteen experts participated in the second round and reached consensus on the presence or absence of ultrasound features of adenomyosis in most of the still images. Consensus was reached for all revised definitions except those for subendometrial lines and buds and interrupted junctional zone. Thirteen experts joined the online meeting, in which they discussed and agreed on final revisions of the MUSA definitions. There was consensus on the need to distinguish between direct features of adenomyosis, i.e. features indicating presence of ectopic endometrial tissue in the myometrium, and indirect features, i.e. features reflecting changes in the myometrium secondary to presence of endometrial tissue in the myometrium. Myometrial cysts, hyperechogenic islands and echogenic subendometrial lines and buds were classified unanimously as direct features of adenomyosis. Globular uterus, asymmetrical myometrial thickening, fan-shaped shadowing, translesional vascularity, irregular junctional zone and interrupted junctional zone were classified as indirect features of adenomyosis. Conclusion: Consensus between gynecologists with expertise in ultrasound diagnosis of adenomyosis was achieved regarding revised definitions of the MUSA features of adenomyosis and on the classification of MUSA features as direct or indirect signs of adenomyosis.
- Published
- 2022
18. Ontwikkeling van een serious game voor multidisciplinaire samenwerking in zorg en welzijn
- Author
-
van der Klauw, D.M, de Koning, L., Hollander, I., van Rijk, R., Bakhuys Roozeboom, M.C., Schoone-Harmsen, M., Vrijhoef, H.J.M., van der Kleij, R., and Schraagen, J.M.C.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. AR6 Scenarios Database
- Author
-
Byers, E., Krey, V., Kriegler, E., Riahi, K., Schaeffer, R., Kikstra, J., Lamboll, R., Nicholls, Z., Sandstad, M., Smith, C., van der Wijst, K., Al -Khourdajie, A., Lecocq, F., Portugal-Pereira, J., Saheb, Y., Stromman, A., Winkler, H., Auer, C., Brutschin, E., Gidden, M., Hackstock, P., Harmsen, M., Huppmann, D., Kolp, P., Lepault, C., Lewis, J., Marangoni, G., Müller-Casseres, E., Skeie, R., Werning, M., Calvin, K., Forster, P., Guivarch, C., Hasegawa, T., Meinshausen, M., Peters, G., Rogelj, J., Samset, B., Steinberger, J., Tavoni, M., van Vuuren, D., Byers, E., Krey, V., Kriegler, E., Riahi, K., Schaeffer, R., Kikstra, J., Lamboll, R., Nicholls, Z., Sandstad, M., Smith, C., van der Wijst, K., Al -Khourdajie, A., Lecocq, F., Portugal-Pereira, J., Saheb, Y., Stromman, A., Winkler, H., Auer, C., Brutschin, E., Gidden, M., Hackstock, P., Harmsen, M., Huppmann, D., Kolp, P., Lepault, C., Lewis, J., Marangoni, G., Müller-Casseres, E., Skeie, R., Werning, M., Calvin, K., Forster, P., Guivarch, C., Hasegawa, T., Meinshausen, M., Peters, G., Rogelj, J., Samset, B., Steinberger, J., Tavoni, M., and van Vuuren, D.
- Abstract
As part of the IPCC's 6th Assessment Report (AR6), authors from Working Group III on Mitigation of Climate Change undertook a comprehensive exercise to collect and assess quantitative, model-based scenarios related to the mitigation of climate change. Building on previous assessments, such as those undertaken for the 5th Assessment Report (AR5) and the Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C (SR15), the calls for AR6 for scenarios have been expanded and includes economy-wide GHG emissions, energy, and sectoral scenarios from global to national scales, thus more broadly supporting the assessment across multiple chapters (see Annex III, Part 2 of the WGIII report for more details). The compilation and assessment of the scenario ensemble was conducted by authors of the IPCC AR6 report, and the resource is hosted by the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) as part of a cooperation agreement with Working Group III of the IPCC. The scenario ensemble contains 3,131 quantitative scenarios with data on socio-economic development, greenhouse gas emissions, and sectoral transformations across energy, land use, transportation, buildings and industry. These scenarios derive from 191 unique modelling frameworks, 95+ model families that are either globally comprehensive, national, multi-regional or sectoral. The criteria for submission included that the scenario is presented in a peer-reviewed journal accepted for publication no later than October 11th, 2021, or published in a report determined by the IPCC WG III Bureau to be eligible grey literature by the same date. The AR6 scenario database is documented in Annex III.2 of the Sixth Assessment Report of Working Group III. For the purpose of the assessment, scenarios have been grouped in various categories relating to, among other things, climate outcomes, overshoot, technology availability and policy assumptions.
- Published
- 2022
20. Exergaming as meaningful activity for people with dementia
- Author
-
van der Molen-van Santen, J., Schoone-Harmsen, M., Hendriks, C., van Straten, A., Dröes, R.-M., Meiland, F., Orrell, Martin, d'Oliveira, Deborah, Mc Dermott, Orii, Verhey, Frans, Dassen, Fania, Dröes, Rose-Marie, APH - Mental Health, APH - Aging & Later Life, Psychiatry, APH - Methodology, Elderly care medicine, APH - Quality of Care, Oliveira, Déborah, McDermott, Orii, Verhey, Frans R.J., and Dassen, Fania C.M.
- Subjects
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities - Abstract
Exergaming is a meaningful activity in which physical exercises are combined with cognitive stimulation in a gaming environment. It is feasible for people with dementia and can help overcome barriers to stay active. This study aimed to get insight into the effects of exergaming in people with dementia visiting day-care centres and their family caregivers compared to usual activities in day-care centres. Also, issues in implementation of exergaming were assessed. Twenty day-care centres participated with in total 112 couples of people with dementia and informal carers. Positive effects were found on cognition and social functioning in people with dementia and on stress and burden of family caregivers. Exergaming was much appreciated among persons with dementia, family caregivers and staff of the day-care centres. On the basis of this study, it has been recommended to offer exergaming in a person-centred manner for people with dementia and to include our recommendations for the implementation of exergaming in daily practice.
- Published
- 2022
21. Exploring the possibility space
- Author
-
Keppo, I., Butnar, I., Bauer, N., Caspani, M., Edelenbosch, O., Emmerling, J., Fragkos, P., Guivarch, C., Harmsen, M., Lefevre, J., Le Gallic, T., Leimbach, M., Mcdowall, W., Mercure, J. F., Schaeffer, R., Trutnevyte, E., Wagner, F., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Leibniz Association, University of Geneva, PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change, E3 Modelling, CIRED, Université Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Exeter, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University
- Subjects
energy-economy feedback ,model interpretation ,policy scenarios ,technology diffusion ,integrated assessment model ,finance ,heterogeneity - Abstract
openaire: EC/H2020/821124/EU//NAVIGATE Integrated assessment models (IAMs) have emerged as key tools for building and assessing long term climate mitigation scenarios. Due to their central role in the recent IPCC assessments, and international climate policy analyses more generally, and the high uncertainties related to future projections, IAMs have been critically assessed by scholars from different fields receiving various critiques ranging from adequacy of their methods to how their results are used and communicated. Although IAMs are conceptually diverse and evolved in very different directions, they tend to be criticised under the umbrella of 'IAMs'. Here we first briefly summarise the IAM landscape and how models differ from each other. We then proceed to discuss six prominent critiques emerging from the recent literature, reflect and respond to them in the light of IAM diversity and ongoing work and suggest ways forward. The six critiques relate to (a) representation of heterogeneous actors in the models, (b) modelling of technology diffusion and dynamics, (c) representation of capital markets, (d) energy-economy feedbacks, (e) policy scenarios, and (f) interpretation and use of model results.
- Published
- 2021
22. Cost and attainability of meeting stringent climate targets without overshoot
- Author
-
Riahi, K., Bertram, C., Huppmann, D., Rogelj, J., Bosetti, V., Cabardos, A.-M., Deppermann, A., Drouet, L., Frank, S., Fricko, O., Fujimori, S., Harmsen, M., Hasegawa, T., Krey, V., Luderer, G., Paroussos, L., Schaeffer, R., Weitzel, M., van der Zwaan, B., Vrontisi, Z., Longa, F.D., Després, J., Fosse, F., Fragkiadakis, K., Gusti, M., Humpenöder, F., Keramidas, K., Kishimoto, P., Kriegler, E., Meinshausen, M., Nogueira, L.P., Oshiro, K., Popp, A., Rochedo, P.R.R., Unlu, G., van Ruijven, B., Takakura, J., Tavoni, M., van Vuuren, D., Zakeri, B., Riahi, K., Bertram, C., Huppmann, D., Rogelj, J., Bosetti, V., Cabardos, A.-M., Deppermann, A., Drouet, L., Frank, S., Fricko, O., Fujimori, S., Harmsen, M., Hasegawa, T., Krey, V., Luderer, G., Paroussos, L., Schaeffer, R., Weitzel, M., van der Zwaan, B., Vrontisi, Z., Longa, F.D., Després, J., Fosse, F., Fragkiadakis, K., Gusti, M., Humpenöder, F., Keramidas, K., Kishimoto, P., Kriegler, E., Meinshausen, M., Nogueira, L.P., Oshiro, K., Popp, A., Rochedo, P.R.R., Unlu, G., van Ruijven, B., Takakura, J., Tavoni, M., van Vuuren, D., and Zakeri, B.
- Abstract
Global emissions scenarios play a critical role in the assessment of strategies to mitigate climate change. The current scenarios, however, are criticized because they feature strategies with pronounced overshoot of the global temperature goal, requiring a long-term repair phase to draw temperatures down again through net-negative emissions. Some impacts might not be reversible. Hence, we explore a new set of net-zero CO2 emissions scenarios with limited overshoot. We show that upfront investments are needed in the near term for limiting temperature overshoot but that these would bring long-term economic gains. Our study further identifies alternative configurations of net-zero CO2 emissions systems and the roles of different sectors and regions for balancing sources and sinks. Even without net-negative emissions, CO2 removal is important for accelerating near-term reductions and for providing an anthropogenic sink that can offset the residual emissions in sectors that are hard to abate.
- Published
- 2021
23. Net zero-emission pathways reduce the physical and economic risks of climate change
- Author
-
Drouet, L., Bosetti, V., Padoan, S.A., Aleluia Reis, L., Bertram, C., Dalla Longa, F., Després, J., Emmerling, J., Fosse, F., Fragkiadakis, K., Frank, S., Fricko, O., Fujimori, S., Harmsen, M., Krey, V., Oshiro, K., Nogueira, L.P., Paroussos, L., Piontek, F., Riahi, K., Rochedo, P.R.R., Schaeffer, R., Takakura, J., van der Wijst, K.-I., van der Zwaan, B., van Vuuren, D., Vrontisi, Z., Weitzel, M., Zakeri, B., Tavoni, M., Drouet, L., Bosetti, V., Padoan, S.A., Aleluia Reis, L., Bertram, C., Dalla Longa, F., Després, J., Emmerling, J., Fosse, F., Fragkiadakis, K., Frank, S., Fricko, O., Fujimori, S., Harmsen, M., Krey, V., Oshiro, K., Nogueira, L.P., Paroussos, L., Piontek, F., Riahi, K., Rochedo, P.R.R., Schaeffer, R., Takakura, J., van der Wijst, K.-I., van der Zwaan, B., van Vuuren, D., Vrontisi, Z., Weitzel, M., Zakeri, B., and Tavoni, M.
- Abstract
Mitigation pathways exploring end-of-century temperature targets often entail temperature overshoot. Little is known about the additional climate risks generated by overshooting temperature. Here we assessed the benefits of limiting overshoot. We computed the probabilistic impacts for different warming targets and overshoot levels on the basis of an ensemble of integrated assessment models. We explored both physical and macroeconomic impacts, including persistent and non-persistent climate impacts. We found that temperature overshooting affects the likelihood of many critical physical impacts, such as those associated with heat extremes. Limiting overshoot reduces risk in the right tail of the distribution, in particular for low-temperature targets where larger overshoots arise as a way to lower short-term mitigation costs. We also showed how, after mid-century, overshoot leads to both higher mitigation costs and economic losses from the additional impacts. The study highlights the need to include climate risk analysis in low-carbon pathways.
- Published
- 2021
24. Air quality and health implications of 1.5–2°C climate pathways under considerations of ageing population: A multi-model scenario analysis
- Author
-
Rafaj, P., Kiesewetter, G., Krey, V., Schöpp, W., Bertram, C., Drouet, L., Fricko, O., Shinichiro, F., Harmsen, M., Hilaire, J., Huppmann, D., Klimont, Z., Kolp, P., Aleluia Reis, L., van Vuuren, D.P., Rafaj, P., Kiesewetter, G., Krey, V., Schöpp, W., Bertram, C., Drouet, L., Fricko, O., Shinichiro, F., Harmsen, M., Hilaire, J., Huppmann, D., Klimont, Z., Kolp, P., Aleluia Reis, L., and van Vuuren, D.P.
- Abstract
Low-carbon pathways consistent with the 2°C and 1.5°C long-term climate goals defined in the Paris Agreement are likely to induce substantial co-benefits for air pollution and associated health impacts. In this analysis, using five global integrated assessment models, we quantify the emission reductions in key air pollutants resulting from the decarbonization of energy systems and the resulting changes in premature mortality attributed to the exposure to ambient concentrations of fine particulate matter. The emission reductions differ by sectors. Sulfur emissions are mainly reduced from power plants and industry, cuts in nitrogen oxides are dominated by the transport sector, and the largest abatement of primary fine particles is achieved in the residential sector. The analysis also shows that health benefits are the largest when policies addressing climate change mitigation and stringent air pollution controls are coordinated. We decompose the key factors that determine the extent of health co-benefits, focusing on Asia: changes in emissions, urbanization rates, population growth and ageing. Demographic processes, particularly due to ageing population, counteract in many regions the mortality reductions realized through lower emissions.
- Published
- 2021
25. Land-based implications of early climate actions without global net-negative emissions
- Author
-
Hasegawa, T., Fujimori, S., Frank, S., Humpenöder, F., Bertram, C., Després, J., Drouet, L., Emmerling, J., Gusti, M., Harmsen, M., Keramidas, K., Ochi, Y., Oshiro, K., Rochedo, P., van Ruijven, B., Cabardos, A.-M., Deppermann, A., Fosse, F., Havlik, P., Krey, V., Popp, A., Schaeffer, R., van Vuuren, D., Riahi, K., Hasegawa, T., Fujimori, S., Frank, S., Humpenöder, F., Bertram, C., Després, J., Drouet, L., Emmerling, J., Gusti, M., Harmsen, M., Keramidas, K., Ochi, Y., Oshiro, K., Rochedo, P., van Ruijven, B., Cabardos, A.-M., Deppermann, A., Fosse, F., Havlik, P., Krey, V., Popp, A., Schaeffer, R., van Vuuren, D., and Riahi, K.
- Abstract
Delaying climate mitigation action and allowing a temporary overshoot of temperature targets require large-scale carbon dioxide removal (CDR) in the second half of this century that may induce adverse side effects on land, food and ecosystems. Meanwhile, meeting climate goals without global net-negative emissions inevitably needs early and rapid emission reduction measures, which also brings challenges in the near term. Here we identify the implications for land-use and food systems of scenarios that do not depend on land-based CDR technologies. We find that early climate action has multiple benefits and trade-offs, and avoids the need for drastic (mitigation-induced) shifts in land use in the long term. Further long-term benefits are lower food prices, reduced risk of hunger and lower demand for irrigation water. Simultaneously, however, near-term mitigation pressures in the agriculture, forest and land-use sector and the required land area for energy crops increase, resulting in additional risk of food insecurity.
- Published
- 2021
26. ENGAGE Global Scenarios
- Author
-
Riahi, K., Betram, C., Drouet, L., Hasegawa, T., Dalla Longa, F., Desprès, J., Fosse, F., Fragkiadakis, K., Fricko, O., Gusti, M., Humpenöder, F., Keramidas, K., Kishimoto, P., Kriegler, E., Nogueira, L.P., Oshiro, K., Popp, A., Rochedo, P.R.R., Takakura, J., Ünlü, G., van Ruijven, B., van Vuuren, D., Zakeri, B., Bosetti, V., Cabardos, A.-M., Deppermann, A., de Boer, H.-S., Emmerling, J., Frank, S., Fujimori, S., Harmsen, M., Havlik, P., Hilaire, J., Huppmann, D., Krey, V., Luderer, G., Malik, A., Meinshausen, M., Ochi, Y., Paroussos, L., Rogelj, J., Saygin, D., Schaeffer, R., Tavoni, M., van der Zwaan, B., Vrontisi, Z., Weitzel, M., Riahi, K., Betram, C., Drouet, L., Hasegawa, T., Dalla Longa, F., Desprès, J., Fosse, F., Fragkiadakis, K., Fricko, O., Gusti, M., Humpenöder, F., Keramidas, K., Kishimoto, P., Kriegler, E., Nogueira, L.P., Oshiro, K., Popp, A., Rochedo, P.R.R., Takakura, J., Ünlü, G., van Ruijven, B., van Vuuren, D., Zakeri, B., Bosetti, V., Cabardos, A.-M., Deppermann, A., de Boer, H.-S., Emmerling, J., Frank, S., Fujimori, S., Harmsen, M., Havlik, P., Hilaire, J., Huppmann, D., Krey, V., Luderer, G., Malik, A., Meinshausen, M., Ochi, Y., Paroussos, L., Rogelj, J., Saygin, D., Schaeffer, R., Tavoni, M., van der Zwaan, B., Vrontisi, Z., and Weitzel, M.
- Abstract
This data set includes global climate change mitigation scenarios as summarized by Riahi et al., 2021. The scenarios are developed as part of the ENGAGE project and were assessed in terms of the their investment implications (Bertram et al., 2021), their land-use dynamics (Hasegawa et al., 2021) as we all as with respect to their costs and benefits (Drouret et al., 2021). The scenarios include a current national policies scenario and an NDC scenario that depict relevant near-term GHG emission tends and targets. In the long-term, two types of CO2 emission budgets are implemented, so called “net-zero budgets” and “end-of-century” budgets. The “net-zero-budget” scenarios assume climate policies that limit the remaining cumulative CO2 emissions until net zero CO2 emissions are reached. These scenarios limit the temperature overshoot and do not rely on global net-negative CO2 emissions to keep warming below the intended temperature limit. In contrast, the “end-of-century budget” scenarios assume long-term climate policies that limit cumulative CO2 emissions over the full course of the 21st century. Depending on the availability of carbon dioxide removal options, these scenarios may comprise high temperature overshoot and global net negative CO2 emissions in the second half of the century. The near-term dimension of current national policies until 2020 or NDCs until 2030 is then combined with reaching the net-zero and full-century CO2 emissions budgets. To cover a relevant range of temperature outcomes (which in addition to the budgets themselves also determined by mitigation of non-CO2 GHG and aerosol emissions), the budgets are varied between 200 and 3000 GtCO2 in steps of 50 – 500 GtCO2. The data is available for download at the ENGAGE Scenario Explorer. The license permits use of the scenario ensemble for scientific research and science communication, but restricts redistribution of substantial parts of the data. Please refer to the FAQ and legal code for more informa
- Published
- 2021
27. Global roll-out of comprehensive policy measures may aid in bridging emissions gap
- Author
-
van Soest, H., Aleluia Reis, L., Baptista, L., Bertram, C., Despres, J., Drouet, L., den Elzen, M., Fragkos, P., Fricko, O., Fujimori, S., Grant, N., Harmsen, M., Iyer, G., Keramidas, K., Koberle, A., Kriegler, E., Malik, A., Mittal, S., Oshiro, K., Riahi, K., Roelfsema, M., van Ruijven, B., Schaeffer, R., Silva Herran, D., Tavoni, M., Ünlü, G., Vandyck, T., van Vuuren, D., van Soest, H., Aleluia Reis, L., Baptista, L., Bertram, C., Despres, J., Drouet, L., den Elzen, M., Fragkos, P., Fricko, O., Fujimori, S., Grant, N., Harmsen, M., Iyer, G., Keramidas, K., Koberle, A., Kriegler, E., Malik, A., Mittal, S., Oshiro, K., Riahi, K., Roelfsema, M., van Ruijven, B., Schaeffer, R., Silva Herran, D., Tavoni, M., Ünlü, G., Vandyck, T., and van Vuuren, D.
- Abstract
Closing the emissions gap between Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and the global emissions levels needed to achieve the Paris Agreement’s climate goals will require a comprehensive package of policy measures. National and sectoral policies can help fill the gap, but success stories in one country cannot be automatically replicated in other countries. They need to be adapted to the local context. Here, we develop a new Bridge scenario based on nationally relevant, short-term measures informed by interactions with country experts. These good practice policies are rolled out globally between now and 2030 and combined with carbon pricing thereafter. We implement this scenario with an ensemble of global integrated assessment models. We show that the Bridge scenario closes two-thirds of the emissions gap between NDC and 2 °C scenarios by 2030 and enables a pathway in line with the 2 °C goal when combined with the necessary long-term changes, i.e. more comprehensive pricing measures after 2030. The Bridge scenario leads to a scale-up of renewable energy (reaching 52%–88% of global electricity supply by 2050), electrification of end-uses, efficiency improvements in energy demand sectors, and enhanced afforestation and reforestation. Our analysis suggests that early action via good-practice policies is less costly than a delay in global climate cooperation.
- Published
- 2021
28. Energy system developments and investments in the decisive decade for the Paris Agreement goals
- Author
-
Bertram, C., Riahi, K., Hilaire, J., Bosetti, V., Drouet, L., Fricko, O., Malik, A., Nogueira, L.P., van der Zwaan, B., van Ruijven, B., van Vuuren, D., Weitzel, M., Dalla Longa, F., de Boer, H.-S., Emmerling, J., Fosse, F., Fragkiadakis, K., Harmsen, M., Keramidas, K., Kishimoto, P.N., Kriegler, E., Krey, V., Paroussos, L., Saygin, D., Vrontisi, Z., Luderer, G., Bertram, C., Riahi, K., Hilaire, J., Bosetti, V., Drouet, L., Fricko, O., Malik, A., Nogueira, L.P., van der Zwaan, B., van Ruijven, B., van Vuuren, D., Weitzel, M., Dalla Longa, F., de Boer, H.-S., Emmerling, J., Fosse, F., Fragkiadakis, K., Harmsen, M., Keramidas, K., Kishimoto, P.N., Kriegler, E., Krey, V., Paroussos, L., Saygin, D., Vrontisi, Z., and Luderer, G.
- Abstract
The Paris Agreement does not only stipulate to limit the global average temperature increase to well below 2 °C, it also calls for 'making finance flows consistent with a pathway towards low greenhouse gas emissions'. Consequently, there is an urgent need to understand the implications of climate targets for energy systems and quantify the associated investment requirements in the coming decade. A meaningful analysis must however consider the near-term mitigation requirements to avoid the overshoot of a temperature goal. It must also include the recently observed fast technological progress in key mitigation options. Here, we use a new and unique scenario ensemble that limit peak warming by construction and that stems from seven up-to-date integrated assessment models. This allows us to study the near-term implications of different limits to peak temperature increase under a consistent and up-to-date set of assumptions. We find that ambitious immediate action allows for limiting median warming outcomes to well below 2 °C in all models. By contrast, current nationally determined contributions for 2030 would add around 0.2 °C of peak warming, leading to an unavoidable transgression of 1.5 °C in all models, and 2 °C in some. In contrast to the incremental changes as foreseen by current plans, ambitious peak warming targets require decisive emission cuts until 2030, with the most substantial contribution to decarbonization coming from the power sector. Therefore, investments into low-carbon power generation need to increase beyond current levels to meet the Paris goals, especially for solar and wind technologies and related system enhancements for electricity transmission, distribution and storage. Estimates on absolute investment levels, up-scaling of other low-carbon power generation technologies and investment shares in less ambitious scenarios vary considerably across models. In scenarios limiting peak warming to below 2 °C, while coal is phased out quickly, oil and
- Published
- 2021
29. Integrated assessment model diagnostics: key indicators and model evolution
- Author
-
Harmsen, M., Kriegler, E., van Vuuren, D.P., van der Wijst, K.-I., Luderer, G., Cui, R., Dessens, O., Drouet, L., Emmerling, J., Morris, J.F., Fosse, F., Fragkiadakis, D., Fragkiadakis, K., Fragkos, P., Fricko, O., Fujimori, S., Gernaat, D., Guivarch, C., Iyer, G., Karkatsoulis, P., Keppo, I., Keramidas, K., Köberle, A., Kolp, P., Krey, V., Krüger, C., Leblanc, F., Mittal, S., Paltsev, S., Rochedo, P., van Ruijven, B., Sands, R.D., Sano, F., Strefler, J., Arroyo, E.V., Wada, K., Zakeri, B., Harmsen, M., Kriegler, E., van Vuuren, D.P., van der Wijst, K.-I., Luderer, G., Cui, R., Dessens, O., Drouet, L., Emmerling, J., Morris, J.F., Fosse, F., Fragkiadakis, D., Fragkiadakis, K., Fragkos, P., Fricko, O., Fujimori, S., Gernaat, D., Guivarch, C., Iyer, G., Karkatsoulis, P., Keppo, I., Keramidas, K., Köberle, A., Kolp, P., Krey, V., Krüger, C., Leblanc, F., Mittal, S., Paltsev, S., Rochedo, P., van Ruijven, B., Sands, R.D., Sano, F., Strefler, J., Arroyo, E.V., Wada, K., and Zakeri, B.
- Abstract
Integrated assessment models (IAMs) form a prime tool in informing about climate mitigation strategies. Diagnostic indicators that allow comparison across these models can help describe and explain differences in model projections. This increases transparency and comparability. Earlier, the IAM community has developed an approach to diagnose models (Kriegler (2015 Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 90 45–61)). Here we build on this, by proposing a selected set of well-defined indicators as a community standard, to systematically and routinely assess IAM behaviour, similar to metrics used for other modeling communities such as climate models. These indicators are the relative abatement index, emission reduction type index, inertia timescale, fossil fuel reduction, transformation index and cost per abatement value. We apply the approach to 17 IAMs, assessing both older as well as their latest versions, as applied in the IPCC 6th Assessment Report. The study shows that the approach can be easily applied and used to indentify key differences between models and model versions. Moreover, we demonstrate that this comparison helps to link model behavior to model characteristics and assumptions. We show that together, the set of six indicators can provide useful indication of the main traits of the model and can roughly indicate the general model behavior. The results also show that there is often a considerable spread across the models. Interestingly, the diagnostic values often change for different model versions, but there does not seem to be a distinct trend.
- Published
- 2021
30. Exploring the possibility space: taking stock of the diverse capabilities and gaps in integrated assessment models
- Author
-
Keppo, I., Butnar, I., Bauer, N., Caspani, M., Edelenbosch, O., Emmerling, J., Fragkos, P., Guivarch, C., Harmsen, M., Lefèvre, J., Le Gallic, T., Leimbach, M., McDowall, W., Mercure, J-F, Schaeffer, R., Trutnevyte, E., Wagner, F., Keppo, I., Butnar, I., Bauer, N., Caspani, M., Edelenbosch, O., Emmerling, J., Fragkos, P., Guivarch, C., Harmsen, M., Lefèvre, J., Le Gallic, T., Leimbach, M., McDowall, W., Mercure, J-F, Schaeffer, R., Trutnevyte, E., and Wagner, F.
- Abstract
Integrated assessment models (IAMs) have emerged as key tools for building and assessing long term climate mitigation scenarios. Due to their central role in the recent IPCC assessments, and international climate policy analyses more generally, and the high uncertainties related to future projections, IAMs have been critically assessed by scholars from different fields receiving various critiques ranging from adequacy of their methods to how their results are used and communicated. Although IAMs are conceptually diverse and evolved in very different directions, they tend to be criticised under the umbrella of 'IAMs'. Here we first briefly summarise the IAM landscape and how models differ from each other. We then proceed to discuss six prominent critiques emerging from the recent literature, reflect and respond to them in the light of IAM diversity and ongoing work and suggest ways forward. The six critiques relate to (a) representation of heterogeneous actors in the models, (b) modelling of technology diffusion and dynamics, (c) representation of capital markets, (d) energy-economy feedbacks, (e) policy scenarios, and (f) interpretation and use of model results.
- Published
- 2021
31. Assessing China’s efforts to pursue the 1.5°C warming limit
- Author
-
Duan, H., Zhou, S., Jiang, K., Bertram, C., Harmsen, M., Kriegler, E., van Vuuren, D.P., Wang, S., Fujimori, S., Tavoni, M., Ming, X., Keramidas, K., Iyer, G., Edmonds, J., Duan, H., Zhou, S., Jiang, K., Bertram, C., Harmsen, M., Kriegler, E., van Vuuren, D.P., Wang, S., Fujimori, S., Tavoni, M., Ming, X., Keramidas, K., Iyer, G., and Edmonds, J.
- Abstract
Given the increasing interest in keeping global warming below 1.5°C, a key question is what this would mean for China's emission pathway, energy restructuring, and decarbonization. By conducting a multimodel study, we find that the 1.5°C-consistent goal would require China to reduce its carbon emissions and energy consumption by more than 90 and 39%, respectively, compared with the "no policy" case. Negative emission technologies play an important role in achieving near-zero emissions, with captured carbon accounting on average for 20% of the total reductions in 2050. Our multimodel comparisons reveal large differences in necessary emission reductions across sectors, whereas what is consistent is that the power sector is required to achieve full decarbonization by 2050. The cross-model averages indicate that China's accumulated policy costs may amount to 2.8 to 5.7% of its gross domestic product by 2050, given the 1.5°C warming limit.
- Published
- 2021
32. Exploring the possibility space: taking stock of the diverse capabilities and gaps in integrated assessment models
- Author
-
Keppo, I, primary, Butnar, I, additional, Bauer, N, additional, Caspani, M, additional, Edelenbosch, O, additional, Emmerling, J, additional, Fragkos, P, additional, Guivarch, C, additional, Harmsen, M, additional, Lefèvre, J, additional, Le Gallic, T, additional, Leimbach, M, additional, McDowall, W, additional, Mercure, J-F, additional, Schaeffer, R, additional, Trutnevyte, E, additional, and Wagner, F, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Recreating the 3D environment for airway fibroblasts and epithelial cells with lung extracellular matrix derived hydrogels
- Author
-
de Hilster, R H, primary, Harmsen, M C, additional, Burgess, J K, additional, and Hylkema, M N, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Human Lung Tissue Retains Stiffness and Viscoelasticity Irrespective of Cold Storage
- Author
-
de Hilster, R. H., Sharma, P. K., Jonker, M. R., Timens, W., Harmsen, M. C., Hylkema, M., Burgess, J. K., Personalized Healthcare Technology (PHT), Man, Biomaterials and Microbes (MBM), Guided Treatment in Optimal Selected Cancer Patients (GUTS), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Restoring Organ Function by Means of Regenerative Medicine (REGENERATE), and Reproductive Origins of Adult Health and Disease (ROAHD)
- Published
- 2020
35. Haalbaarheidsanalyse: checklist voor innovatie, impact en implementatie van inclusieve technologie
- Author
-
Schoone-Harmsen, M., Kranenborg, K., and Teeuwen, M.A.
- Subjects
Implementatie ,Innovatie ,Inclusieve technologie ,Checklist - Abstract
Het succes van uw keuze voor een bepaalde (inclusieve) technologie in uw organisatie hangt af van drie belangrijke onderdelen. Breng in een vroeg stadium de belangrijkste plussen en minnen, kansen en knelpunten van de innovatie in kaart. Door vragen over kwaliteit van de oplossing (innovatie), te verwachten effecten (impact) en toepasbaarheid in de praktijk(implementatie) te beantwoorden of in te schatten ontstaat een beeld van de haalbaarheid van het innovatieproject.
- Published
- 2020
36. Multimeric single-domain antibody complexes protect against bunyavirus infections
- Author
-
Schreur, P.J.W., Water, S. (Steven) van de, Harmsen, M., Bermudez-Mendez, E., Drabek, D.D. (Dubravka), Grosveld, F.G. (Frank), Wernike, K., Beer, M. (Martin), Aebischer, A., Daramola, O. (Olufunmilayo), Conde, S.R., Brennan, K., Kozub, D., Kristiansen, M.S., Mistry, K.K., Deng, Z.Y., Hellert, J., Guardado-Calvo, P., Rey, F.A., van Keulen, L., Kortekaas, J., Schreur, P.J.W., Water, S. (Steven) van de, Harmsen, M., Bermudez-Mendez, E., Drabek, D.D. (Dubravka), Grosveld, F.G. (Frank), Wernike, K., Beer, M. (Martin), Aebischer, A., Daramola, O. (Olufunmilayo), Conde, S.R., Brennan, K., Kozub, D., Kristiansen, M.S., Mistry, K.K., Deng, Z.Y., Hellert, J., Guardado-Calvo, P., Rey, F.A., van Keulen, L., and Kortekaas, J.
- Abstract
The World Health Organization has included three bunyaviruses posing an increasing threat to human health on the Blueprint list of viruses likely to cause major epidemics and for which no, or insufficient countermeasures exist. Here, we describe a broadly applicable strategy, based on llama-derived single-domain antibodies (VHHs), for the development of bunyavirus biotherapeutics. The method was validated using the zoonotic Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV), an emerging pathogen of ruminants, as model pathogens. VHH building blocks were assembled into highly potent neutralizing complexes using bacterial superglue technology. The multimeric complexes were shown to reduce and prevent virus-induced morbidity and mortality in mice upon prophylactic administration. Bispecific molecules engineered to present two different VHHs fused to an Fc domain were further shown to be effective upon therapeutic administration. The presented VHH-based technology holds great promise for the development of bunyavirus antiviral therapies.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Multimeric single-domain antibody complexes protect against bunyavirus infections
- Author
-
Wichgers Schreur, Paul J., Water, S van de, Harmsen, M, Bermúdez-Méndez, E, Drabek, Dubravka, Grosveld, Frank, Wernike, K, Beer, M, Aebischer, A, Daramola, O, Rodriguez Conde, S, Brennan, K, Kozub, D, Kristiansen, SM, Mistry, KK, Deng, Z, Hellert, J, Guardado-Calvo, P, Rey, FA, van Keulen, L, Kortekaas, J, Wichgers Schreur, Paul J., Water, S van de, Harmsen, M, Bermúdez-Méndez, E, Drabek, Dubravka, Grosveld, Frank, Wernike, K, Beer, M, Aebischer, A, Daramola, O, Rodriguez Conde, S, Brennan, K, Kozub, D, Kristiansen, SM, Mistry, KK, Deng, Z, Hellert, J, Guardado-Calvo, P, Rey, FA, van Keulen, L, and Kortekaas, J
- Abstract
The World Health Organization has included three bunyaviruses posing an increasing threat to human health on the Blueprint list of viruses likely to cause major epidemics and for which no, or insufficient countermeasures exist. Here, we describe a broadly applicable strategy, based on llama-derived single-domain antibodies (VHHs), for the development of bunyavirus biotherapeutics. The method was validated using the zoonotic Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV), an emerging pathogen of ruminants, as model pathogens. VHH building blocks were assembled into highly potent neutralizing complexes using bacterial superglue technology. The multimeric complexes were shown to reduce and prevent virus-induced morbidity and mortality in mice upon prophylactic administration. Bispecific molecules engineered to present two different VHHs fused to an Fc domain were further shown to be effective upon therapeutic administration. The presented VHH-based technology holds great promise for the development of bunyavirus antiviral therapies.
- Published
- 2020
38. The Energy Modeling Forum (EMF)-30 study on short-lived climate forcers: introduction and overview
- Author
-
Smith, S.J., Klimont, Z., Drouet, L., Harmsen, M., Luderer, G., Riahi, K., van Vuuren, D.P., Weyant, J.P., Smith, S.J., Klimont, Z., Drouet, L., Harmsen, M., Luderer, G., Riahi, K., van Vuuren, D.P., and Weyant, J.P.
- Published
- 2020
39. Impact of methane and black carbon mitigation on forcing and temperature: a multi-model scenario analysis
- Author
-
Smith, S.J., Chateau, J., Dorheim, K., Drouet, L., Durand-Lasserve, O., Fricko, O., Fujimori, S., Hanaoka, T., Harmsen, M., Hilaire, J., Keramidas, K., Klimont, Z., Luderer, G., Moura, M.C.P., Riahi, K., Rogelj, J., Sano, F., van Vuuren, D., Wada, K., Smith, S.J., Chateau, J., Dorheim, K., Drouet, L., Durand-Lasserve, O., Fricko, O., Fujimori, S., Hanaoka, T., Harmsen, M., Hilaire, J., Keramidas, K., Klimont, Z., Luderer, G., Moura, M.C.P., Riahi, K., Rogelj, J., Sano, F., van Vuuren, D., and Wada, K.
- Abstract
The relatively short atmospheric lifetimes of methane (CH4) and black carbon (BC) have focused attention on the potential for reducing anthropogenic climate change by reducing Short-Lived Climate Forcer (SLCF) emissions. This paper examines radiative forcing and global mean temperature results from the Energy Modeling Forum (EMF)-30 multi-model suite of scenarios addressing CH4 and BC mitigation, the two major short-lived climate forcers. Central estimates of temperature reductions in 2040 from an idealized scenario focused on reductions in methane and black carbon emissions ranged from 0.18–0.26 °C across the nine participating models. Reductions in methane emissions drive 60% or more of these temperature reductions by 2040, although the methane impact also depends on auxiliary reductions that depend on the economic structure of the model. Climate model parameter uncertainty has a large impact on results, with SLCF reductions resulting in as much as 0.3–0.7 °C by 2040. We find that the substantial overlap between a SLCF-focused policy and a stringent and comprehensive climate policy that reduces greenhouse gas emissions means that additional SLCF emission reductions result in, at most, a small additional benefit of ~ 0.1 °C in the 2030–2040 time frame.
- Published
- 2020
40. BETTER QUALITY OF LIFE IN BRCA MUTATION CARRIERS AFTER SALPINGECTOMY WITH DELAYED OOPHORECTOMY COMPARED TO SALPINGO-OOPHORECTOMY; FIRST RESULTS OF THE DUTCH TUBA STUDY
- Author
-
Steenbeek, M. P., Harmsen, M. G., Hoogerbrugge, N., Arts-de Jong, M., Maas, A. H. E. M., Prins, J. B., Bulten, J., Teerenstra, S., Piek, J. M. J., van Doorn, H. C., van Beurden, M., Mourits, M. J. E., Zweemer, R. P., Gaarenstroom, K. N., Slangen, B. F. M., Vos, M. C., van Lonkhuijzen, L. R. C. W., van Mello, N. M., Apperloo, M. J., Coppus, S. F. P. J., Massuger, L. F. A. G., Hermens, R. P. M. G., de Hullu, J. A., Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and CCA - Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life
- Published
- 2019
41. OC12.04: *Applicability of morphological uterus sonographic assessment features associated with adenomyosis among experts and refinements of definitions
- Author
-
Harmsen, M., primary, Leeuw, R.A., additional, Van den Bosch, T., additional, Dueholm, M., additional, Exacoustos, C., additional, Valentin, L., additional, Hehenkamp, W.K., additional, Groenman, F.A., additional, De Bruyn, C., additional, Kjaergaard, C., additional, Lazzeri, L., additional, Jokubkiene, L., additional, Jurkovic, D., additional, Naftalin, J., additional, Tellum, T., additional, Timmerman, D., additional, Bourne, T., additional, and Huirne, J.F., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Human lung extracellular matrix hydrogels resemble the stiffness and viscoelasticity of native lung tissue
- Author
-
de Hilster, R. H. J., primary, Sharma, P. K., additional, Jonker, M. R., additional, White, E. S., additional, Gercama, E. A., additional, Roobeek, M., additional, Timens, W., additional, Harmsen, M. C., additional, Hylkema, M. N., additional, and Burgess, J. K., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Human Lung Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels Replicate Biomechanics of Diseased and Nondiseased Lung
- Author
-
de Hilster, R. H., Jonker, M. R., Sharma, P. K., Hylkema, M. N., Harmsen, M. C., Burgess, J. K., Man, Biomaterials and Microbes (MBM), Personalized Healthcare Technology (PHT), Reproductive Origins of Adult Health and Disease (ROAHD), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), and Restoring Organ Function by Means of Regenerative Medicine (REGENERATE)
- Published
- 2019
44. Onderzoek naar risicoselectie met de basisset kwaliteitsindicatoren ziekenhuizen: op weg naar verantwoorde keuzes
- Author
-
Wallenburg, Iris, Mol, T, Harmsen, M, de Bruyne, M, and Health Care Governance (HCG)
- Published
- 2019
45. Klimaat- en Energieverkenning 2019
- Author
-
Abels-van Overveld, M., Bleeker, A., Boot, P., Born, G.J. van den, Brink, C., Daniels, B., Drissen, E., Eerdt, M. van, Geilenkirchen, G., Hammingh, P., Harmsen, M., Hekkenberg, M., Hilbers, H., Hinsberg, A. van, Hoogervorst, N., Hout, M. van, Koutstaal, P., Kunseler, E., Lensink, S., Meerkerk, J. van, Minnen, J. van, Nijdam, D., Noorman, N., Notenboom, J.Ozemir, O., Peters, J., Polen, S. van, Rijn, T. van, Schijndel, M. van, Schoots, K., Schure, K., Sluis, S. van der, Smeets, W., Stutvoet-Mulder, K., Traa, M., Vethman, P., Volkers, C., Brummelkamp, S., Denneman, A., Doove, S., IJmker, S., Keller, K., Kremer, A.M., Middelkoop, M. van, Schenau, S., Schoenaker, N., Hage, J., Segers, R., Vroom, J., Vrenken, R., Wezel, B. van, Wijk, K. van, Winden, P. de, Dril, T. van, Gerdes, J., Menkveld, M., plomp, A., Smekens, K., Stralen, J. van, Tigchelaar, C., Welle, A. van der, Wetzels, W., Honing, E., Peek, K., Wever, D., and Zanten, M. van
- Subjects
Energy ,Energy Efficiency ,Climate ,Energy / Geological Survey Netherlands ,Environment - Abstract
Dit is de eerste Klimaat- en Energieverkenning (KEV), die, zoals in de Klimaatwet is vastgelegd, inzicht geeft in de ontwikkelingen van de uitstoot van Nederlandse broeikasgassen in het verleden en tot 2030. Daarbij schetst de KEV een integraal beeld van de ontwikkelingen in de energievoorziening en het energieverbruik, maar ook van andere activiteiten die tot broeikasgasemissies leiden. De KEV bouwt voort op eerdere Nationale Energieverkenningen (NEV) en zal in de komende jaren verder ontwikkeld worden. De KEV is geen beleidsevaluatie en gaat niet in op de vraag of beleid doelmatig of kosteneffectief is.
- Published
- 2019
46. Implementation of web-based hospital specialist consultations to improve quality and expediency of general practitioners' care: a feasibility study
- Author
-
Velden, Thomas van der, Schalk, B.W.M, Harmsen, M., Adriaansens, Guido, Schermer, T.R., Dam, Marc A. ten, Velden, Thomas van der, Schalk, B.W.M, Harmsen, M., Adriaansens, Guido, Schermer, T.R., and Dam, Marc A. ten
- Abstract
Contains fulltext : 204225.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)
- Published
- 2019
47. Goal setting is insufficiently recognised as an essential part of shared decision-making in the complex care of older patients: a framework analysis
- Author
-
Vermunt, N.P., Elwyn, G., Westert, G.P., Harmsen, M., Olde-Rikkert, M.G.M., Meinders, Marjan, Vermunt, N.P., Elwyn, G., Westert, G.P., Harmsen, M., Olde-Rikkert, M.G.M., and Meinders, Marjan
- Abstract
Contains fulltext : 204585.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)
- Published
- 2019
48. Global emissions pathways under different socioeconomic scenarios for use in CMIP6: a dataset of harmonized emissions trajectories through the end of the century
- Author
-
Gidden, M., Riahi, K., Smith, S., Fujimori, S., Luderer, G., Kriegler, E., van Vuuren, D.P., van den Berg, M., Feng, L., Klein, D., Calvin, K., Doelman, Jo., Frank, S., Fricko, O., Harmsen, M., Hasegawa, T., Havlik, P., Hilaire, J., Hoesly, R., Horing, J., Popp, A., Stehfest, E., Takahashi, K., Gidden, M., Riahi, K., Smith, S., Fujimori, S., Luderer, G., Kriegler, E., van Vuuren, D.P., van den Berg, M., Feng, L., Klein, D., Calvin, K., Doelman, Jo., Frank, S., Fricko, O., Harmsen, M., Hasegawa, T., Havlik, P., Hilaire, J., Hoesly, R., Horing, J., Popp, A., Stehfest, E., and Takahashi, K.
- Abstract
We present a suite of nine scenarios of future emissions trajectories of anthropogenic sources, a key deliverable of the ScenarioMIP experiment within CMIP6. Integrated Assessment Model results for 14 different emissions species and 13 emissions sectors are provided for each scenario with consistent transitions from the historical data used in CMIP6 to future trajectories using automated harmonization before being downscaled to provide higher emission source spatial detail. We find that the scenarios span a wide range of end-of-century radiative forcing values, thus making this set of scenarios ideal for exploring a variety of warming pathways. The set of scenarios are bounded on the low end by a 1.9Wm-2 scenario, ideal for analyzing a world with end-of-century temperatures well below 2°C, and on the high-end by a 8.5Wm-2 scenario, resulting in an increase in warming of nearly 5°C over pre-industrial levels. Between these two extremes, scenarios are provided such that differences between forcing outcomes provide statistically significant regional temperature outcomes to maximize their usefulness for downstream experiments within CMIP6. A wide range of scenario data products are provided for the CMIP6 scientific community including global, regional, and gridded emissions datasets.
- Published
- 2019
49. The role of methane in future climate strategies: mitigation potentials and climate impacts
- Author
-
Harmsen, M., van Vuuren, D.P., Bodirsky, B., Chateau, J., Durand-Lasserve, O., Drouet, L., Fricko, O., Fujimori, S., Gernaat, D., Hanaoka, T., Hilaire, J., Keramidas, K., Luderer, G., Moura, M., Sano, F., Smith, S.J., Wada, K., Harmsen, M., van Vuuren, D.P., Bodirsky, B., Chateau, J., Durand-Lasserve, O., Drouet, L., Fricko, O., Fujimori, S., Gernaat, D., Hanaoka, T., Hilaire, J., Keramidas, K., Luderer, G., Moura, M., Sano, F., Smith, S.J., and Wada, K.
- Abstract
This study examines model-specific assumptions and projections of methane (CH4) emissions in deep mitigation scenarios generated by integrated assessment models (IAMs). For this, scenarios of nine models are compared in terms of sectoral and regional CH4 emission reduction strategies, as well as resulting climate impacts. The models’ projected reduction potentials are compared to sector and technology-specific reduction potentials found in literature. Significant cost-effective and non-climate policy related reductions are projected in the reference case (10–36% compared to a “frozen emission factor” scenario in 2100). Still, compared to 2010, CH4 emissions are expected to rise steadily by 9–72% (up to 412 to 654 Mt CH4/year). Ambitious CO2 reduction measures could by themselves lead to a reduction of CH4 emissions due to a reduction of fossil fuels (22–48% compared to the reference case in 2100). However, direct CH4 mitigation is crucial and more effective in bringing down CH4 (50–74% compared to the reference case). Given the limited reduction potential, agriculture CH4 emissions are projected to constitute an increasingly larger share of total anthropogenic CH4 emissions in mitigation scenarios. Enteric fermentation in ruminants is in that respect by far the largest mitigation bottleneck later in the century with a projected 40–78% of total remaining CH4 emissions in 2100 in a strong (2 °C) climate policy case.
- Published
- 2019
50. Taking some heat off the NDCs? The limited potential of additional short-lived climate forcers’ mitigation
- Author
-
Harmsen, M., Fricko, O., Hilaire, J., van Vuuren, D.P., Drouet, L., Durand-Lasserve, O., Fujimori, S., Keramidas, K., Klimont, Z., Luderer, G., Aleluia Reis, L., Riahi, K., Sano, F., Smith, S.J., Harmsen, M., Fricko, O., Hilaire, J., van Vuuren, D.P., Drouet, L., Durand-Lasserve, O., Fujimori, S., Keramidas, K., Klimont, Z., Luderer, G., Aleluia Reis, L., Riahi, K., Sano, F., and Smith, S.J.
- Abstract
Several studies have shown that the greenhouse gas reduction resulting from the current nationally determined contributions (NDCs) will not be enough to meet the overall targets of the Paris Climate Agreement. It has been suggested that more ambition mitigations of short-lived climate forcer (SLCF) emissions could potentially be a way to reduce the risk of overshooting the 1.5 or 2 °C target in a cost-effective way. In this study, we employ eight state-of-the-art integrated assessment models (IAMs) to examine the global temperature effects of ambitious reductions of methane, black and organic carbon, and hydrofluorocarbon emissions. The SLCFs measures considered are found to add significantly to the effect of the NDCs on short-term global mean temperature (GMT) (in the year 2040: − 0.03 to − 0.15 °C) and on reducing the short-term rate-of-change (by − 2 to 15%), but only a small effect on reducing the maximum temperature change before 2100. This, because later in the century under assumed ambitious climate policy, SLCF mitigation is maximized, either directly or indirectly due to changes in the energy system. All three SLCF groups can contribute to achieving GMT changes.
- Published
- 2019
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.